Дисертації з теми "Variabilita interannuale"
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Schmitt, Carolin. "Interannual variability in antarctic sea ice motion = Interannuelle Variabilität antarktischer Meereis-Drift /." Karlsruhe : Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014885627&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Повний текст джерелаMayot, Nicolas. "La saisonnalité du phytoplancton en Mer Méditerranée." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066440/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe phytoplankton are essential for the oceanic trophic webs and for biogeochemical cycles on Earth. However, uncertainties remain about the environmental factors influencing its seasonality, and its growing efficiency. The main objective of this thesis is to characterize the responses of the phytoplankton to the interannual variability of the environmental factors, in the Mediterranean Sea. More precisely, we aim to assess the influence of the environmental factors on phytoplankton seasonality. The interannual variability of the phytoplankton annual cycles are analyzed in the Mediterranean Sea, thus highlighting the regions associated with annual cycle variability, like the ones where deep-water formation events occur recurrently. One of these regions is the North-Western Mediterranean Sea. A multiplatform approach based on in situ observations is implemented to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of the phytoplankton seasonality in this particular region. The influences of mixed layer depth and the light availability on phytoplankton seasonality are assessed. An intense deepening of the mixed layer (related to the deep convection) increases the magnitude of the phytoplankton spring bloom. Moreover, the strong deepening of mixed layer seems to induce favorable conditions for an important accumulation of micro-phytoplankton (composed of diatoms mainly). In turn, the phytoplankton production rate increases, mostly, the primary production rate of diatoms. Finally, at the scale of the North-Western Mediterranean Sea, the shift in the phytoplankton community structure and in production induces an increase of the organic carbon stock produced during spring
Scaife, Adam A. "Interannual variability of the stratosphere." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284451.
Повний текст джерелаJames, Paul Martin. "Interannual variability in a baroclinic atmosphere." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290299.
Повний текст джерелаWashington, Richard. "Interannual and interdecadal variability of African rainfall." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396138.
Повний текст джерелаSinclair, James A. "Seasonal and interannual variability in Saturn's stratosphere." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1ae2289b-a615-4d16-8f01-b13ea10f3bbe.
Повний текст джерелаSpadone, Aurélie. "Variabilité interannuelle du courant des Malouines." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066226.
Повний текст джерелаNortley, Fay. "Interannual variability in a seasonally varying simple GCM." Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294613.
Повний текст джерелаGrignon, Laure. "Causes of the interannual variability of deep convection." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72147/.
Повний текст джерелаPrice, Martin R. "Processes governing interannual variabililty in Drake Passage." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426986.
Повний текст джерелаScherrer, Simon Scherrer Simon Scherrer Simon. "Interannual climate variability in the European and Alpine region /." Zürich : ETH, 2006. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=16338.
Повний текст джерелаKowalski, P. C. "Models of interannual mid-latitude sea surface temperature variability." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1394920/.
Повний текст джерелаPeyser, Cheryl, and Jianjun Yin. "Interannual and Decadal Variability in Tropical Pacific Sea Level." MDPI AG, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624972.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Dac Da. "Variabilité interannuelle de l'upwelling du sud Vietnam : contributions du forçage atmosphérique, océanique, hydrologique et de la variabilité intrinsèque océanique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30081/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe summer South Vietnam Upwelling (SVU) is a major component of the South China Sea circulation that also influences the ecosystems. The objectives of this thesis are first to quantitatively assess the interannual variability of the SVU in terms of intensity and spatial extent, second to quantify the respective contributions from different factors (atmospheric, river and oceanic forcings; ocean intrinsic variability OIV; El-Niño Southern Oscillation ENSO) to the SVU interannual variability, and third to identify and examine the underlying physical mechanisms. To fulfill these goals we use a set of sensitivity eddy-resolving simulations of the SCS circulation performed with the ROMS_AGRIF ocean regional model at 1/12° resolution for the period 1991-2004. The ability of the model to realistically represent the water masses and dynamics of the circulation in the SCS and SVU regions was first evaluated by comparison with available satellite and in-situ observations. We then defined a group of sea-surface-temperature upwelling indices to quantify in detail the interannual variability of the SVU in terms of intensity, spatial distribution and duration. Our results reveal that strong SVU years are offshore-dominant with upwelling centers located in the area within 11-12oN and 110-112oE, whereas weak SVU years are coastal-dominant with upwelling centers located near the coast and over a larger latitude range (10-14oN). The first factor that triggers the strength and extent of the SVU is the summer wind curl associated with the summer monsoon. However, its effect is modulated by several factors including first the OIV, whose contribution reaches 50% of the total SVU variability, but also the river discharge and the remote ocean circulation. The coastal upwelling variability is strongly related to the variability of the eastward jet that develops from the coast. The offshore upwelling variability is impacted by the spatio-temporal interactions of the ocean cyclonic eddies with the wind stress curl, which are responsible for the impact of the OIV. The ocean and river forcing also modulate the SVU variability due to their contribution to the eddy field variability. ENSO has a strong influence on the SVU, mainly due to its direct influence on the summer wind. Those results regarding the interannual variability of the SVU are robust to the choice of the surface bias correction method used in the model. We finally present in Appendix-A2 preliminary results about the impacts of tides
Whitesides, Benton W. "Interannual Zonal Variability of the Coupled Stratosphere-Troposphere Climate System." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11578.
Повний текст джерелаArfeuille, Gilles. "Modelling the interannual variability of the Arctic sea ice cover." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0033/MQ50711.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаArfeuille, Gilles. "Modelling the interannual variability of the Arctic sea ice cover." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21505.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis we explore the high-latitude sea ice circulation and thickness changes due to year-to-year variations in the wind field. We focus our study on the interannual variability of the sea ice. volume in the Arctic Basin, and the subsequent changes in the export of sea ice from the Arctic Basin into the northern North Atlantic via Fram Strait. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Ibbotson, Simon David. "A modelling study of interannual variability in the middle atmosphere." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325487.
Повний текст джерелаDavis, Andrew Murphy. "The spatial structure and interannual variability of California current system." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52236.
Повний текст джерелаHarle, James. "Interannual-to-seasonal variability of the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418036.
Повний текст джерелаHadjinicolaou, Panayiotis. "Modelling the impact of interannual meteorological variability on stratospheric ozone." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620188.
Повний текст джерелаLoisulie, Saiguran. "A model study of the interannual variability of Tanzanian rainfall." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6488.
Повний текст джерелаThe ability of the Hadley Centre Atmospheric Model version 3 (HadAM3) to capturerainfall variability patterns over Eastern Africa and the western tropical Indian Oceanduring the rainy seasons (October to December (OND) and March to May (MAM)) isassessed against data derived from National Centre for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)model and Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP). The vector windsclimatology at 850hPa and 200hPa reveals some comparable patterns in both HadAM3 andNCEP. However, there are indications that the Somali Jet appears earlier and the monsooneasterly winds over the western Indian Ocean are weaker in HadAM3 than in NCEP.Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) derivedfrom the GPCP precipitation and NCEP Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) andgeopotential anomalies were also compared to those from the HadAM3 model.
Munoz, Ernesto. "The Caribbean low-level jet its structure and interannual variability/." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7673.
Повний текст джерелаThesis research directed by: Dept. of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Yu, Xuri. "Dynamics of seasonal and interannual variability in the equatorial Pacific." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11065.
Повний текст джерелаMyoung, Boksoon. "Interannual variability of summer precipitation in Texas and its implication to summer drought." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1422.
Повний текст джерелаDeTracey, Brendan. "Modelling interannual sea ice variability in the Gulf of St. Lawrence." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68167.
Повний текст джерелаResults showed a general correlation with observations, reproducing differences in the sea ice cover between the years chosen. Neglecting oceanic effects caused excessive ice formation in the northwest Gulf and produced discrepancies between the observed and modelled ice edge.
Sensitivity studies revealed a high sensitivity to variations in both the forcing fields and the model free parameters. Further modelling studies must include a coupled ocean component, and force the ice component with weekly meteorological data to improve the accuracy of the prediction.
McKinley, Galen Anile 1973. "Interannual variability of air-sea fluxes of carbon dioxide and oxygen." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16824.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-169).
The currently observed increase in atmospheric CO2 due anthropogenic emissions is substantially slowed by natural processes that incorporate CO2 into the terrestrial biota and the ocean. Year-to-year changes in the CO2 growth rate that exceed variations in the fossil fuel source indicate a significant variability in these global CO2 sinks. However, the enormous complexity of the terrestrial and oceanic biogeochemical systems that absorb atmospheric CO2 makes these sinks extremely difficult to understand and precisely quantify. Many techniques, including the interpretation of the relative changes in atmospheric CO2 and O2/N2, ocean modeling, and atmospheric data inversions, have been employed to estimate the mean and variability of global CO2 sinks. However, uncertainty remains large. The goal of this thesis is to improve understanding of global CO2 sinks by considering (1) the error in the atmospheric O2/N2 partitioning method due to the neglect of interannual variability in the air-sea fluxes of 02, and (2) the interannual variability of the ocean CO2 sink.
(cont.) A global, high-resolution ocean general circulation model is used to estimate the magnitude and understand the mechanisms of interannual variability in air-sea fluxes of both CO2 and 02. I find that the global variability in the fluxes of both gases are dominantly forced by large-scale physical processes governing upper ocean dynamics, particularly El Nifio / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and, for 02, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Estimates of the extremes of CO2 and 02 flux variability for the period 1980-1998 are +/-0.5x1015 grams Carbon/yr (PgC/yr) and -70/+100x1012 mol/yr (Tmol/yr), respectively. Global 02 flux variability implies up to a 1.0 PgC/yr error in estimates of interannual variability in land and ocean CO2 sinks derived from atmospheric 02/N2 observations. This error is significant for estimates of annual sinks, but it is cumulatively negligible for estimates of mean sinks from October 1991 to April 1998. Increasing convergence of estimates of land.
by Galen Anile McKinley.
Ph.D.
Gutzler, David Scott. "The structure of annual and interannual wind variability in the tropics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54309.
Повний текст джерелаMicrofiche copy available in Archives and Science
Bibliography: leaves 218-224.
by David Scott Gutzler.
Ph.D.
Kaczmarska, Anna Izabela. "Seasonal and interannual sea surface height variability in the Nordic Seas." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/336399/.
Повний текст джерелаPeard, Kathleen Rhona. "Seasonal and interannual variability of wind-driven upwelling at Lüderitz, Namibia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6498.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this study is to examine the variability in the wind regime at diurnal, seasonal, interannual and interdecadal time scales. Meteorological measurements including wind speed, wind direction and air pressure collected at Dias Point Lighthouse (260 38.094'S 150 05.612'E) at hourly to eight-hourly intervals from 1960 to 2006 are analysed. Known instrument changes in the time series are validated where possible. Predominant winds at Lüderitz blow parallel to the South to North alignment of the coast. Ekman divergence in response to longshore, equatorward wind stress drives coastal upwelling at Lüderitz, the main centre of upwelling in the Benguela Current System. Wind stress is proportional to the square of the wind speed parallel to the coast and is a proxy for upwelling. A diurnal intensification of wind speeds occurred in all seasons at Lüderitz with a concomitant change in wind direction from south in the early morning to southwest in the afternoon. Pressure changes over the continent due to daytime heating and night-time cooling of the land underlie this variability. Southwesterly winds predominate throughout the year at Lüderitz. Maximum wind stress occurs in the austral summer with a fourfold decrease in wind stress during the austral winter. Highest wind stress was recorded from November to January and lowest wind stress from May to July. The wind mixing index, a measure of turbulent mixing calculated from total wind speed cubed, follows the same seasonal pattern indicating the predominance of southerly winds. The wind minimum at Lüderitz is caused by weakened pressure gradients due to the latitudinal northwesterly shift in the position of the South Atlantic Anticyclone in winter combined with a pressure increase over the continent.
Ronsmans, Gaetane. "Seasonal and interannual variability of stratospheric nitric acid from IASI measurements." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/278938.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Planton, Yann. "Sources de la variabilité interannuelle de la langue d'eau froide Atlantique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30364/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Atlantic cold tongue is a seasonal cooling of the sea surface temperature south of the Equator between the African coasts and around 30°W during the " cold season " (from May to October). The cooling occurs every year but its intensity, duration and spatial extent vary strongly from one year to another. In spite of the very strong coupling between the Atlantic cold tongue and the West African monsoon, the origin of the Atlantic cold tongue variability is not well described. This thesis aims at filling this gap by improving our understanding of the oceanic processes controlling the variability of the Atlantic cold tongue. This study focuses on " intense " Atlantic cold tongue events, defined by abnormally strong (weak) cooling, preceded by negative (positive) zonal wind anomalies. Thus " canonical " being studied, that are the most frequent and probably similar in terms of mechanisms. This classification is applied to ten reanalyses and allows to select with good confidence, five events in each group. These events are studied through realistic simulations. The use of on-line heat budget allows to identify the physical processes that control the formation of cold and warm events. Vertical mixing at the base of the mixed-layer is the fundamental process controlling the interannual variability of the cold tongue. During cold events, it increases the cooling between March and July, while it remains weak during warm events. During boreal summer, vertical mixing anomalies are balanced by horizontal advection anomalies of opposite sign. So cold and warm events are weakened at the end of the season. This thesis highlights that it is more appropriate to focus on the wind energy flux because it is more directly related to the activation of vertical mixing, rather than on the surface wind stress. The wind energy flux is relevant since it is also shown to play a major role during intense " non-canonical " events, i.e. cold (warm) events preceded by positive (negative) zonal wind anomalies. Finally, the modulation of the vertical velocity induced by the wind tends to adjust i) the mixed-layer depth, ii) the intensity of the thermocline, and iii) the vertical shear of the zonal current. These are key parameters of vertical mixing and therefore the cooling rate. Thus, vertical velocity plays an indirect role in the establishment and interannual variability of the Atlantic cold tongue
Zuki, Zabani Md. "The interannual variability of tropical cyclones in the southern South China Sea /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426118.
Повний текст джерелаLefebvre, Wouter. "Interannual variability and future changes of the Southern Ocean sea ice cover." Université catholique de Louvain, 2007. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-10302007-092927/.
Повний текст джерелаCombes, Vincent Emmanuel. "Intrinsic and Forced Interannual Variability of the Gulf of Alaska Mesoscale Circulation." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14532.
Повний текст джерелаDing, Hui [Verfasser]. "Annual to interannual equatorial Atlantic variability : mechanisms and tropical impacts / Hui Ding." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1020003529/34.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Yongxiang 1962. "Intraseasonal and interannual variability of sea ice in the Gulf of St.Lawrence." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36640.
Повний текст джерелаSeveral of the forcing factors influencing sea ice variability in the Gulf of St. Lawrence were examined and mechanisms controlling this variability were discussed. It was found that surface air temperature (SAT), the eastward wind component (u-wind), sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), mixed layer depth (MLD), total river runoff, the ocean circulation pattern, and sea-ice advection from the Labrador Sea, all play important roles in explaining sea ice variability in the Gulf. However, the relative contributions of these factors to the observed sea ice variability differ in different subregions. Quantitative relationships between sea ice variability and various forcing factors were investigated using statistical analysis and a simplified Hibler's sea-ice model. Both approaches indicated that the December--April averaged SAT, u-wind, and November SST all contribute to the variability of December--June SIC in the Gulf, with SAT playing the most important role. The analysis also indicated that the dependence of SIC on various forcing factors varies with geographical location. For example, SAT influences sea ice variability mainly in the central Gulf, while the u-wind component effects SIC mainly in the eastern Gulf. In addition, statistical analyses also suggest that SSS values present in the previous November play an important role in determining SIC variability. The linear regression between SIC and three independent variables: December--April SAT, November SST and SSS, accounts for 81% of the total SIC variance.
The statistical analysis and model study also indicated that December SAT, u-wind, November SST, and MLD control the time of first ice presence, with SAT and SST playing the dominant role. The linear regression between TFIP and three independent variables (u-wind, SST, and SSS) accounts for 76% of the total TFIP variance. For TLIP, both SAT and u-wind play an important role.
Navarro-Perez, Eleuteria. "Physical oceanography of the Canary current : short term, seasonal and interannual variability." Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318561.
Повний текст джерелаHampson, J. "Interannual variability in stratospheric dynamics : interaction between the QBO and the extratropics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603634.
Повний текст джерелаRinger, Mark Adam. "Interannual variability of the earth's radiation budget and cloudiness : a satellite view." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319652.
Повний текст джерелаBrugler, Eric T. "Interannual variability of the Pacific water boundary current in the Beaufort Sea." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85389.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (pages 133-141).
Between 2002 and 2011 a single mooring was maintained in the core of the Pacific Water boundary current in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea near 152° W. Using velocity and hydrographic data from six year-long deployments during this time period, we examine the interannual variability of the current. It is found that the volume, heat, and freshwater transport have all decreased drastically over the decade, by more than 80%. The most striking changes have occurred during the summer months. Using a combination of weather station data, atmospheric reanalysis fields, and concurrent shipboard and mooring data from the Chukchi Sea, we investigate the physical drivers responsible for these changes. It is demonstrated that an increase in summertime easterly winds along the Beaufort slope is the primary reason for the drop in transport. The intensification of the local winds has in turn been driven by a strengthening of the summer Beaufort High in conjunction with a deepening of the summer Aleutian Low. Since the fluxes of mass, heat, and freshwater through Bering Strait have increased over the same time period, this raises the question as to the fate of the Pacific water during recent years and its impacts. We present evidence that more heat has been fluxed directly into the interior basin from Barrow Canyon rather than entering the Beaufort shelfbreak jet, and this is responsible for a significant portion of the increased ice melt in the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean.
by Eric T. Brugler.
S.M.
Gravelle, Andrew. "Vertical mixing and interannual variability of primary production in the North Atlantic." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/404273/.
Повний текст джерелаSchoenefeldt, Rena [Verfasser]. "Interannuale und dekadische Variabilität der flachen meridionalen Zelle im Indischen Ozean / Rena Schoenefeldt." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1019754206/34.
Повний текст джерелаPierre, Caroline. "Variabilité interannuelle des émissions d'aérosols minéraux en zone semi-aride sahélienne." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00921688.
Повний текст джерелаDuchiron, Bertrand. "Variabilité interannuelle de la pluviométrie dans l'espace riverain de l'océan indien." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070022.
Повний текст джерелаThe interannual variability of rainfall in the coastal areas of the Indian ocean was analysed for the period 1946-1975 and regionalized then we establish statistical forcasting models of rainfall from oceano-atmospheric circulation indicators. A set of 130 well-spatially-distributed stations were selected from a pluviometric database. Missing values were statistically replaced and the output dataset was validated. Multivariate analyes (PCA and clustering analysis) were applied on these data to extract 21 homogeneous pluviometric regions. Times series are strongly correlated over a lag period ranging from 1 to 3 months with some atmospheric and oceanic anomaly indices recorded over the Indian and Pacific oceans. .
Elia, Letizia. "PCA study of the interannual variability of the GPS height and environmental parameters." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20438/.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Yongxiang. "Intraseasonal and interannual variability of sea ice in the Gulf of St. Lawrence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ64606.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHaylock, Malcolm. "Interannual variability of mean and extreme rainfall and relationship with large-scale circulation." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427078.
Повний текст джерелаHassanzadeh, Smaeyl. "Interannual variability in the ocean and atmosphere in the 1980s and early 1990s." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367005.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Yijian. "Storm tracks, baroclinic waves propagation and their interannual variability in the northern hemisphere." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/53035.
Повний текст джерела