Статті в журналах: "Valorisation des effluents"

1

Milhazes-Cunha, Hugo, and Ana Otero. "Valorisation of aquaculture effluents with microalgae: The Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture concept." Algal Research 24 (June 2017): 416–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2016.12.011.

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Colin, T., A. Bories, Y. Sire, and R. Perrin. "Treatment and valorisation of winery wastewater by a new biophysical process (ECCF®)." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0012.

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Taking account of the high specificity of the organic load of winery effluents, a new biophysical treatment using the stripping of ethanol combined with a final concentration by evaporation has been studied. Two options are proposed: full treatment and pre-treatment. The study of the composition of winery wastewater has shown the large, dominant part of ethanol in the organic load (75 to 99% of the COD). According to a linear correlation between COD and ethanol concentration, the determination of ethanol concentration can be used to estimate the organic load of winery wastewater. Full treatment by stripping and concentration at a pilot plant allows the separation of the wastewater into highly purified water (COD elimination>99%), a concentrated alcoholic solution usable as bio-fuel and a concentrated by-product. Stripping alone represents an advantageous pre-treatment of winery wastewater. The purification rate reaches 78 to 85% and ethanol is recovered. The process facilitates discharge into a sewage system in view of treatment with domestic effluents and can also improve the efficiency of overloaded or old purification plants.The economical approach of this method demonstrates its competitiveness in comparison with biological treatments: low energy consumed, no sludge.

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Predescu, Constantin, Mirela Gabriela Sohaciu, Dana Serban, and Maria Nicolae. "Chemical Technological Characterization of Some Secondary Pulverous Materials Recycled in Metallurgy." Revista de Chimie 59, no. 1 (February 9, 2008): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.08.1.1714.

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Putting in practice the recycling projects of the damaging secondary powder products as dust, scale (mixture of oxides � fabrication defect appearing at rolling) or sand resulted in steel industry effluents removal, needs to be characterized from physical, chemical and technological point of view. This paper aims to realise a new classification of the damaging material and new definitions for their characteristics. The proposed groups are: producing characteristics, impact characteristics, removal characteristics and recycling valorisation characteristics. To underline the technological importance of the used characteristics as work instruments has been programmed experimental researches regarding the diminishing of the recycling of the dust and the sand obtained after the electric arc furnace gas removal and scale from rolling. The characteristics of recycling valorisation have been assessed: chemical composition and Zn assimilation ratio in the steel, the efficiency in liquid steel, the degree of replacing the scrap iron and the recycling chemical composition.

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Grenda, Kinga, José A. F. Gamelas, Julien Arnold, Lorenzo Pellizzer, Olivier J. Cayre, and Maria G. Rasteiro. "Evaluation of Anionic Eco-Friendly Flocculants Prepared from Eucalyptus Pulps with Diverse Lignin Contents for Application in Effluent Treatment." Polymers 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010025.

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Modification of cellulosic-rich materials for the production of cellulose-based polyelectrolytes (PELs) can bring several benefits, such as high biodegradability and low or no toxicity, for numerous applications, when compared with the use of traditional, synthetic PELs. Moreover, cellulose-based PELs originating from wood wastes, contribute to the valorisation of such wastes. In this work, Eucalyptus pulps with diverse lignin contents, extracted from Eucalyptus wood wastes, were anionized by a two–step reaction procedure (periodate oxidation followed by sulfonation). Applying different reaction times (24–144 h) in the sulfonation step allowed for producing a range of cellulose-based anionic PELs with different characteristics. PELs obtained after 24 and 72 h of sulfonation were thoroughly characterized (Fourier transform infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, anionic group content (elemental analysis), zeta potential and hydrodynamic diameter (dynamic light scattering)) and subsequently evaluated as flocculants in decolouration processes of model effluents (Methylene Blue and Crystal Violet) and an industrial effluent from a textile industry. Furthermore, possible flocculation mechanisms induced by the use of the various PELs are discussed. Results are compared with those obtained with a commonly applied, synthetic flocculant (polyacrylamide). It is demonstrated that it was possible to obtain water-soluble lignocellulosic PELs starting from raw materials with different degrees of purity and that those PELs are promising eco-friendly alternative flocculation agents for the decolouration of effluents.

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Lopes, Tiago F., and Rafał M. Łukasik. "Economic, social and environmental impacts attained by the use of the effluents generated within a small-scale biorefinery concept." Acta Innovations, no. 36 (September 30, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.36.5.

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Biorefineries are emerging as the proper route to defeat climate change and other social, socio-economic and environmental concerns. So far, no residual lignocellulosic biomass-based biorefineries have been yet industrially implemented, mainly due to its economic viability. This article exposes some elements that may help overcome the bottlenecks associated to its social, economic and environmental sustainability: small-scale approaches, biomass valorisation through added-value products and near-zero effluent.

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Reisser, H., C. Pagotto, T. Forestier, and T. Trotouin. "Actipol 4Gi : un outil au service de la recherche des émetteurs de micropolluants sur les territoires." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 7-8 (July 2019): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201907053.

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Actipol est un logiciel, accessible aux opérateurs Veolia via une plateforme Web dédiée, qui permet de faire le lien entre activités économiques et substances potentiellement émises par celles-ci. Depuis ses premiers développements, dans les années 1990, Actipol a toujours eu pour vocation d’assurer la protection du système d’assainissement vis-à-vis des effluents non domestiques et de préserver la qualité des sous-produits en vue de leur valorisation. L’outil s’inscrit dans une démarche globale de maîtrise de la qualité des effluents depuis les sources d’émission jusqu’au milieu naturel. Les récents développements améliorent notablement l’expérience de l’utilisateur lors des démarches d’identification des sources de pollution à l’échelle d’un territoire telles que celles requises réglementairement en assainissement (diagnostics vers l’amont – RSDE, recherche des sources de contamination des boues – arrêté du 21 juillet 2015), ou lors des démarches de protection des ressources en eau (diagnostic territorial des pressions). Les retours d’expérience montrent que, couplé à des campagnes de terrain, cet outil permet d’identifier les émetteurs et de proposer un plan d’action approprié.

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BONNEAU, M., F. BELINE, J. Y. DOURMAD, M. HASSOUNA, C. JONDREVILLE, L. LOYON, T. MORVAN, J. M. PAILLAT, Y. RAMONET, and P. ROBIN. "Connaissance du devenir des éléments à risques dans les différentes filières de gestion des effluents porcins." INRAE Productions Animales 21, no. 4 (September 27, 2008): 325–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2008.21.4.3409.

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Cet article résume les apports du programme «Porcherie verte» dans la connaissance et la maîtrise du devenir de l’azote, du phosphore et des éléments traces métalliques qui ont, à des titres divers, un impact sur l’environnement. La diminution de la teneur en protéines de l’aliment permet de réduire fortement les quantités d’azote excrétées par les animaux. Une part importante de l’azote est éliminée sous forme gazeuse lorsque les animaux sont placés sur litière ou lorsque le lisier est composté. L’importance de ces pertes d’azote peut cependant varier fortement selon les techniques utilisées et la nature des substrats. Le traitement biologique abat la majeure partie de l’azote et certains types de stations permettent de capter le reste dans des coproduits potentiellement exportables. La bonne valorisation agronomique des effluents nécessite de bien connaître leur valeur fertilisante azotée, ce que facilite l’approche typologique mise au point dans le cadre du programme. Un certain nombre de leviers alimentaires permettent de diminuer la fraction du phosphore alimentaire qui est excrétée dans les effluents : ajustement des apports alimentaires grâce à une meilleure connaissance des besoins des animaux, amélioration de la digestibilité du phosphore alimentaire par une meilleure connaissance de sa disponibilité dans les diverses matières premières ou via l’adjonction de phytase exogène. Les traitements biologiques avec séparation de phases permettent de capter le phosphore dans des coproduits potentiellement exportables et la valeur fertilisante phosphatée des effluents est en général très élevée et facile à prédire.

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Micari, M., A. Cipollina, A. Tamburini, M. Moser, V. Bertsch, and G. Micale. "Techno-economic analysis of integrated processes for the treatment and valorisation of neutral coal mine effluents." Journal of Cleaner Production 270 (October 2020): 122472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122472.

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López, J., O. Gibert, and J. L. Cortina. "Evaluation of an extreme acid-resistant sulphonamide based nanofiltration membrane for the valorisation of copper acidic effluents." Chemical Engineering Journal 405 (February 2021): 127015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.127015.

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Cadena, Erasmo, Ozan Kocak, Jo Dewulf, Bruno Iñarra, Carlos Bald, Monica Gutierrez, David San Martin, et al. "Valorisation of Seafood Side-Streams through the Design of New Holistic Value Chains: WaSeaBi Project." Sustainability 16, no. 5 (February 23, 2024): 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16051846.

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Growing demand in the fisheries sector has resulted in a high generation of side-streams that are mainly treated as waste despite their potential value in terms of protein, fatty acids, and minerals. The WaSeaBi project, funded by the EU under the Horizon 2020 BBI JU initiative, seeks to address this problem by promoting the sustainable and economically viable utilisation of these side-streams, thus contributing to improved food security and environmental conservation. The project focuses on the development of innovative technologies and methodologies for the efficient valorisation of seafood side-streams into marketable products such as protein-based food ingredients, bioactive peptides, and mineral supplements. The WaSeaBi project started with a comprehensive analysis to identify the bottlenecks hindering the efficient utilisation of side-streams. To this end, a comprehensive study of the European seafood industry was conducted to understand the existing challenges. The main obstacles identified were technological deficiencies, lack of space and personnel, and a limited market for the resulting products. Several laboratory-scale technologies, such as pH-shift, enzymatic hydrolysis, membrane concentration, and flocculation with centrifugation, were explored in order to extract valuable components from the side-streams. Subsequently, these technologies were scaled-up and tested on a pilot scale. For example, membrane concentration technology facilitated the recovery of valuable molecules from mussel cooking side-streams while reducing environmental impact. Flocculation helped recover proteins and phosphates from process waters, crucial for reducing the organic load of effluents. In addition, decision-making tools were developed to help select and build the most appropriate valorisation strategies, taking into account technical, legal, economic, and environmental aspects. Environmental sustainability was assessed through life cycle assessment, which highlighted the factors that contribute most to the environmental impact of each technology. The results revealed that reducing chemical consumption and improving energy efficiency are key to optimising the environmental performance of the valorisation technologies. The WaSeaBi project outlines a promising path towards sustainable and economically beneficial utilisation of seafood side-streams. By employing innovative technologies, the project not only contributes to reducing waste and environmental impact, but also facilitates the transformation of low-value side-streams into high-value products. In addition, it provides a structured framework to help industry stakeholders make informed decisions on the valorisation of secondary streams. This initiative marks a substantial step towards a more sustainable and economically viable fisheries and aquaculture industry, setting a precedent for future projects aimed at overcoming technological and infrastructural barriers to the valorisation of seafood side-streams.

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Federici, Federico, Fabio Fava, Nicolas Kalogerakis, and Dionissios Mantzavinos. "Valorisation of agro-industrial by-products, effluents and waste: concept, opportunities and the case of olive mill wastewaters." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 84, no. 6 (April 6, 2009): 895–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2165.

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Abid, Aziza, and Abdeljalil Zouhri. "Substitution des floculants chimiques par le cactus dans le procédé de traitement par coagulation-floculation des rejets industriels de textile." Journal of Renewable Energies 20, no. 1 (October 12, 2023): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v20i1.609.

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Les effluents industriels présentent une forte charge en pollution carbonée et en colorants qui nécessitent un traitement avant toute décharge dans le milieu récepteur. Dans cette étude, nous nous intéressons à la valorisation de jus cactus (Opuntia ficus indica) en tant que substance naturelle utilisée dans ce genre de traitement. Le procédé coagulation-floculation a été choisi pour introduire le jus de cactus comme un floculant biodégradable (bio-floculant). Le traitement est réalisé en deux étapes principales. L’ajustement de pH avec la chaux et/ou l’acide sulfurique puis la floculation avec le jus de cactus. Les paramètres qui ont été étudiés au cours de ce travail sont le pH, la turbidité, la DCO et l’absorbance des colorants de rejets textiles. Les résultats obtenus ont permis d’obtenir un taux d’élimination des colorants voisine les 90%, un pourcentage d’abattement de la turbidité de 97 % et une élimination de DCO d’ordre 66 %.

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Trouvé, E., and S. Belloir. "Un procédé de fractionnement innovant au coeur du développement des stations d’épuration durables de demain." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 4 (April 2019): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201904037.

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Aujourd’hui, la fonction essentielle d’une station d’épuration est de dépolluer les effluents liquides pour limiter les dommages sur les milieux naturels ou pour la santé publique. Cet objectif de conservation ne prend malheureusement pas en compte les pressions sociétales. La croissance démographique, les sociétés de consommation nous ont amenés à une situation où annuellement nous consom mons plus de ressources que la planète peut nous offrir. À l’heure du recyclage et du développement de l’économie circulaire, il semble urgent de faire évoluer la conception et l’exploitation des stations d’épuration (STEP). Ces dernières ne doivent plus jouer le rôle de « déchetterie liquide », mais celui de « récupérateur/producteur de ressources ». Avec son développement, la filière biogaz apparaît comme une évidence. Cependant, malgré ces tendances, la croissance d’unités de biogaz sur STEP est figée. Cela est dû au fait que les procédés classiques d’épuration dégradent le pouvoir méthanogène des effluents et restreignent la valorisation d’autres ressources. Les STEP de demain devront être des bioraffineries à forte valeur ajoutée. Cela conduit à faire évoluer nos procédés : au lieu d’enlever les polluants par étapes successives pour obtenir des effluents « propres », extrayons les ressources les unes après les autres, à commencer par l’eau pour la recycler, de l’énergie ainsi que des matières organiques et minérales. Oublions le traitement et valorisons le tri pour une économie circulaire respectueuse quantitativement et qualitativement de nos ressources naturelles. Des technologies de fractionnement membranaire sont la clé du développement de ces bioraffineries. Un retour d’expérience sur une industrie agroalimentaire est présenté dans cet article. Les résultats de ces essais à grande échelle révèlent le potentiel et l’intérêt du recyclage par fractionnement en comparaison aux procédés conventionnels de traitement. Les nouvelles STEP peuvent ainsi devenir des usines de production d’eau potable, de bioengrais, de biomatériaux… tout en étant productrices d’énergie.

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Souchon, I., F. X. Pierre, V. Athes-Dutour, and M. Marin. "Pervaporation as a deodorization process applied to food industry effluents: recovery and valorisation of aroma compounds from cauliflower blanching water." Desalination 148, no. 1-3 (September 2002): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(02)00657-4.

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GOURLEZ, EMMA, Fabrice BÉLINE, Jean-Yves DOURMAD, Alessandra MONTEIRO, and Francine DE QUELEN. "Rôle et impact environnemental du cuivre et du zinc en élevage porcin : de l’alimentation au retour au sol des effluents." INRAE Productions Animales 35, no. 2 (August 26, 2022): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2022.35.2.7073.

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Le zinc et le cuivre sont des éléments-traces métalliques (ÉTM) qui peuvent présenter à plus ou moins long terme un risque environnemental pour les sols agricoles sur lesquels sont valorisées les déjections porcines. Ces ÉTM sont essentiels pour la croissance et la santé des porcs en élevage, ils sont donc ajoutés dans l’aliment sous forme de supplémentation. Cependant, du fait de leur faible taux de rétention chez le porc, ils se retrouvent très majoritairement excrétés dans les déjections. De plus, ce sont des ressources minérales naturelles limitées. Il est alors essentiel de caractériser leurs flux le long du continuum aliments-déjections-traitements-sols afin de maîtriser au mieux leur utilisation. Un état des lieux des connaissances sur ces flux montre que l’alimentation est le principal levier pour limiter les rejets de ces ETM vers l’environnement. La réglementation européenne fixe actuellement des teneurs limites des aliments en zinc et en cuivre (e.g. pour un porc en engraissement, 120 et 25 mg.kg- 1 MS respectivement). Le traitement des déjections est un second levier pour optimiser la valorisation de ces effluents d’élevage et mieux gérer la redistribution de ces ÉTM sur les sols, en les concentrant dans certains produits plus facilement exportables vers des zones en déficit. Une meilleure connaissance de leur forme chimique tout au long de la filière est aussi nécessaire pour mieux maîtriser leur devenir et préciser les risques pour l’environnement. Des recherches restent nécessaires pour affiner les stratégies d’apport dans les aliments, tout en conservant les performances et la santé des animaux et en prenant en compte les différentes modalités de gestion des effluents dans le cadre d’une bioéconomie circulaire.

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Mavhungu, A., R. Mbaya, V. Masindi, S. Foteinis, K. L. Muedi, I. Kortidis, and E. Chatzisymeon. "Wastewater treatment valorisation by simultaneously removing and recovering phosphate and ammonia from municipal effluents using a mechano-thermo activated magnesite technology." Journal of Environmental Management 250 (November 2019): 109493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109493.

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Gurreri, Luigi, Alessandro Tamburini, Andrea Cipollina, and Giorgio Micale. "Electrodialysis Applications in Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Protection and Resources Recovery: A Systematic Review on Progress and Perspectives." Membranes 10, no. 7 (July 9, 2020): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10070146.

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This paper presents a comprehensive review of studies on electrodialysis (ED) applications in wastewater treatment, outlining the current status and the future prospect. ED is a membrane process of separation under the action of an electric field, where ions are selectively transported across ion-exchange membranes. ED of both conventional or unconventional fashion has been tested to treat several waste or spent aqueous solutions, including effluents from various industrial processes, municipal wastewater or salt water treatment plants, and animal farms. Properties such as selectivity, high separation efficiency, and chemical-free treatment make ED methods adequate for desalination and other treatments with significant environmental benefits. ED technologies can be used in operations of concentration, dilution, desalination, regeneration, and valorisation to reclaim wastewater and recover water and/or other products, e.g., heavy metal ions, salts, acids/bases, nutrients, and organics, or electrical energy. Intense research activity has been directed towards developing enhanced or novel systems, showing that zero or minimal liquid discharge approaches can be techno-economically affordable and competitive. Despite few real plants having been installed, recent developments are opening new routes for the large-scale use of ED techniques in a plethora of treatment processes for wastewater.

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Puccini, Monica, and Domenico Castiello. "Use of Fleshings-Derived Collagen in Chrome Tanning Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 723 (January 2015): 639–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.639.

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The manufacturing process to transform hides into leather requires a series of chemical and mechanical operations. Fleshings represent one of the most important byproduct of the leather compartment. They are mainly constituted of raw collagen and through an alkaline hydrolysis a collagenous solution is obtained. In this work, an experimental activity research was performed for assessing the feasibility of the reuse of the collagen hydrolizate solution in the tanning phase. The hydrolizate has been used in combination with chromium salts to obtain bovine upper leather up to a dosage of 20% of solution (68% dry protein matter content) on the fleshed hide weight. Following a laboratory scale screening of the optimal operating conditions, crust leathers have been obtained on pilot scale. The final leather shows similar properties to those of the traditionally tanned leather in terms of technical and mechanical properties. Furthermore, a dry tannage is feasible, thus avoiding the production of effluents, and it is possible to adopt a retannage/dyeing/fatliquoring characterized by a lower consumption of chemicals in comparison with the standard procedure. The results obtained indicate the use of the collagen hydrolizate in the tanning phase as an interesting route for valorisation of fleshings.

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BESSON, M., L. TIRUTA-BARNA, E. PAUL, and M. SPERANDIO. "La séparation à la source pour une récupération des ressources : outil d’évaluation environnementale." 5 5, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202205041.

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Les eaux usées ne sont plus vues uniquement comme une pollution à traiter, mais bien comme des ressources à valoriser, notamment les nutriments (azote et phosphore), la matière organique et l’eau. Cette étude s’est donc intéressée à différentes stratégies de récupération en évaluant des scénarios de séparation à la source des effluents domestiques à l’échelle d’un quartier selon des critères d’impacts environnementaux. Le deuxième objectif de cette étude est d’analyser l’effet de l’urbanisme sur le bilan environnemental de ces différents scénarios. Pour cela l’étude se positionne à l’échelle du quartier avec six configurations urbaines différentes et représentatives des villes européennes. Un choix délibéré de filière de traitement a été réalisé visant le recyclage des ressources avec les meilleures technologies disponibles et acceptées par la communauté scientifique. La comparaison a été réalisée avec une station d’épuration centralisée récupérant les ressources des eaux usées. Dans le but de recycler les nutriments et limiter l’impact de l’assainissement sur le changement climatique, la séparation à la source des effluents est la seule solution permettant d’atteindre des objectifs ambitieux et particulièrement la séparation des urines qui permet la récupération de l’azote à faible coût environnemental. La séparation à la source permet d’augmenter significativement les taux de récupération des nutriments sous la forme de fertilisants, passant de 6 % à 48 % (minimum) pour l’azote, et de 13 % à 58 % pour le phosphore. L’analyse du bilan sur le changement climatique montre des diminutions d’au moins 20 % de l’impact grâce à la valorisation de l’azote et de la baisse des émissions de N2O pour les scénarios de séparation des urines et des eaux noires. Pour les urbanismes denses (non pavillonnaires), il est même possible d’atteindre des réductions comprises entre 30 % et 60 % grâce à une diminution de la contribution des réseaux d’assainissement.

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Taqui, Syed Noeman, Usman Taqui Syed, Raihan Taqui Syed, Mohammed Saeed Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas, and Akheel Ahmed Syed. "Bioremediation of Textile Industrial Effluents Using Nutraceutical Industrial Spent: Laboratory-Scale Demonstration of Circular Economy." Nanomaterials 12, no. 10 (May 15, 2022): 1684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12101684.

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This research reports the first-ever study on abundantly available, environmentally friendly, low-cost and ready-for-use Nutraceutical Industrial Cumin Seed Spent (NICUS) as an innovative adsorbent for bioremediation of a bisazo Acid Red 119 (AR119) dye, a probable mutagen from textile industrial effluents (TIEs). The experiment at the laboratory scale is designed to suit the concepts of sustainability and valorisation under the domain of circular economy. The experimental qe value obtained was 96.00 mg g−1. The optimised conditions of parameters are as follows: pH of 2; adsorption time, 210 min; adsorbent dosage, 0.300 g L−1; particle size, 175 µM; initial dye concentration, 950 mg L−1; orbital shaking, 165 rpm and temperature, 50 °C, producing an impressive value of 748 mg of dye adsorbing on 1 g of dry NICUS. The adsorption capacity of NICUS obtained from the quadratic model developed for process optimisation gave values of 748 mg g−1. As a prelude to commercialisation, five variables that affect the adsorption process were experimentally studied. For the feasibility and efficiency of the process, a two-level fractional factorial experimental design (FFED) was applied to identify variables that influence the adsorption capacity of NICUS. The identified variables were applied to scale experiments by three orders. Nine isotherm models were used to analyse the adsorption equilibrium data. The Vieth–Sladek adsorption isotherm model was found to be the best fit. The pseudo-second-order reaction was the appropriate mechanism for the overall rate of the adsorption process. Mechanistic studies related to mass transfer phenomena were more likely to be dominant over the diffusion process. Techniques such as SEM, FTIR and CHN analysis were used to characterise NICUS. The dye-adsorbed NICUS obtained as “sludge” was used as a reinforcing material for the fabrication of composites using plastic waste. The physicomechanical and chemical properties of thermoplastic and thermoset composite using dye-adsorbed NICUS were evaluated and compared with NICUS composites. Prospects of integrating Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) into the circular economy of Nutraceutical Industrial Spent (NIS) are discussed.

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Vázquez, José A., Romain Caprioni, Margarita Nogueira, Araceli Menduiña, Patricia Ramos, and Ricardo I. Pérez-Martín. "Valorisation of effluents obtained from chemical and enzymatic chitin production of Illex argentinus pen by-products as nutrient supplements for various bacterial fermentations." Biochemical Engineering Journal 116 (December 2016): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2015.12.012.

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Russo, Giovanni L., Antonio L. Langellotti, Maria Oliviero, Marco Baselice, Raffaele Sacchi, and Paolo Masi. "Valorization of second cheese whey through cultivation of extremophile microalga Galdieria sulphuraria." AIMS Environmental Science 8, no. 5 (2021): 435–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2021028.

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<abstract> Second cheese whey (SCW) or "<italic>scotta</italic>" in Italian, is a side-stream from the manufacturing of "<italic>Ricotta</italic>" cheese, obtained after thermal coagulation of whey proteins residue in the cheese whey. <italic>Galdieria sulphuraria</italic> is a thermophilic red algae well known for its metabolic capabilities to grow on wastewater and other saline effluents. In this work, the valorisation of SCW as nutrient source for the growth of <italic>G. sulphuraria</italic> has been investigated using different concentrations of SCW. The biochemical and fatty acids composition of the biomass obtained has been evaluated too. Small differences have been observed in terms of biomass obtained after 12 days of cultivation between the SCW media and the relative control with the same amount of reducing sugars. The fatty acids composition of <italic>G. sulphuraria</italic> grown in SCW showed a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to the control. The biomass productivity using SCW media has also been optimized through response surface methodologies with supplementation of nitrogen source obtaining a biomass dry weight higher than 10 g L-1. </abstract>

23

Bories, André. "Mise au point sur la dépollution et la valorisation énergétique des déchets et sous-produits de distilleries par fermentation méthanique." OENO One 19, no. 2 (June 30, 1985): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1985.19.2.1317.

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La fermentation méthanique s'est rapidement implantée dans le secteur agroalimentaire pour le traitement et la valorisation énergétique des effluents.Une revue bibliographique fait le point sur les nouvelles technologies de fermentation qui ont considérablement évoluées. L'état de l'art de la méthanisation dans ce domaine industriel est également présenté.L'industrie viti-vinicole (distilleries), par les fortes charges organiques émises en distillation et ses besoins énergétiques, est doublement concernée par la méthanisation. L'analyse de la faisabilité biologique et du potentiel énergétique à partir des divers résidus liquides (vinasses) et solides (marc) montre l'efficacité de la méthanisation en dépollution (80-90 p. 100 de la DCO) et souligne l'intérêt de la production de méthane qui peut couvrir près de la moitié de l'énergie consommée par la distillation.+++The methane fermentation has been fastly developed in agricultural and food industries for wastes treatment and energy production.A bibliographic review takes stock of new fermentation technologies which have made important progress. The present state of the anaerobic plants in the agro-industrial field is also presented.Wine distilleries, by there high organic strength wastes and energy needs for distillation, are doubly concerned by anaerobic digestion. The biological feasability and the energy potential analysis from liquid (stillages) and solid (pomace) wastes show the efficiency for purification (COD eliminated : 80-90 p. 100) and the interest of methane production which represents about half of distillation energy consumption.

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Amar, Marwa Ben, Khaled Walha, and Victoria Salvadó. "Valorisation of Pine Cone as an Efficient Biosorbent for the Removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Cr(VI)." Adsorption Science & Technology 2021 (April 26, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6678530.

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Valorisation of pine cone as an efficient, low-cost, and eco-friendly biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions is evaluated. The morphology and surface chemistry of the biosorbent are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, revealing the presence of carboxylic and alcoholic functional groups that interact with metal ions. The effect of the contact time, pH, amount of adsorbent, and initial metal concentration in the adsorption is studied, resulting in removal percentages for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(VI) (metal concentration of 5 mg L-1) of 82.24%, 93.71%, 94.67%, and 88.8%, respectively ( pH = 5.4 , 2 g L-1 of adsorbent), except for Cr(VI) ( pH = 2 , 10 g L-1). The equilibrium data of Pb(II) and Cd(II) were found to follow the Langmuir-Freundlich model, with maximum adsorption capacities of 100.01 and 78.73 mg g-1, respectively, whereas Cu(II) followed the Langmuir model with 33.55 mg g-1. Cr(VI) adsorption data also fitted the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 57.36 mg g-1. Adsorption data was obtained at pH 5.4 for divalent metal ions and at pH 2 for Cr(VI) and in a range of metal concentrations ranging from 1 to 500 mg L-1 at 298.2 K. The presence of the three metal ions in the solution does not affect the percentage of the target metal ion adsorbed, proving the absence of competition between them and showing the pine cone to be an efficient adsorbent to treat multimetal effluents allowing water reuse.

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Njomou Chimi, Adrienne, Martin Lekeufack, Justine Mireille Fotsa, Diane Fowoung, Amandine Elodie Manekeu Tanetsa, Marcelle Léonce Tsimi Edzigui, François Nguetsop, and Théophile Fonkou. "Valorisation des eaux usées domestiques en agriculture urbaine par culture hydroponique de la laitue (Lactuca sativa L)." Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology 17, no. 2 (December 28, 2023): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v17i2.7.

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L’activité agricole, tel que pratiquée dans les bas-fonds de la ville de Yaoundé suscite de nombreuses inquiétudes quant au site d’exploitation et à la qualité douteuse des eaux utilisées. Le présent travail a pour objectif d’évaluer les possibilités d’utilisation des effluents d’une station d’épuration dans la culture hydroponique de la laitue (Lactuca sativa L.;) en agriculture urbaine. Le dispositif expérimental mis en place est celui en bloc complètement randomisé avec trois répétitions. Les traitements appliqués aux laituesont été : l’effluent brut (T1), l’effluent dilué à 50% (T2) et à 75% (T3), une solution d’engrais chimique (T4) Maxigro 10-5-14 à une dose de 100 g pour 50 l d’eau de robinet considéré comme témoin positif et de l’eau de robinet considéré comme témoin négatif (T5). Les paramètres de croissance (hauteur des plants, nombre de feuilles et surface foliaire) des laitues ainsi que leurs teneurs en chlorophylles, fibres, et protéines ont été évaluées ; les résultats obtenus montrent que T3 et T4 ont amélioré significativement (P<0,05) les paramètres de croissance (18,96 cm et 16,37 cm pour la hauteur des plants, 9,87cm et 11,65 cm pour la longueur des feuilles, 7,41 et 7,49 pour le nombre de feuilles, 68,33 cm2 et 47,51cm2 pour la surface foliaire, respectivement). T3 et T4 ont le plus amélioré nettement la teneur en chlorophylle a, protéines et fibres avec respectivement 36,54 et 25,90 ppm pour chlorophylle a, 26,85 et 26,21 % pour protéines et 1,53 et 1,34 % pour les fibres. T3 a obtenu les meilleurs paramètres physiologiques et organo-minéraux après T4. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que les eaux usées traitées et la culture hydroponique présentent un potentiel de non négligeable qui pourrait intéresser les agriculteurs. Abstract Agricultural activity, as practised in the lowlands of the city of Yaoundé, gives rise to many concerns about the site of operation and the dubious quality of the water used. This work has the aim to assess the possibilities of using effluent from a wastewater treatment plant for hydroponic cultivation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ;) in urban agriculture. The experimental set-up was a completely randomised block design with three replications. The treatments applied to the lettuces were: raw effluent (T1), effluent diluted to 50% (T2) and 75% (T3), a solution of chemical fertilizer (T4) Maxigro 10-5-14 at a dose of 100 g for 50 l of tap water considered as a positive control and tap water considered as a negative control (T5). The growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves and leaf area) of the lettuces were evaluated along with their chlorophyll, fibre and protein content. The results show that T3 and T4 significantly improved (P<0.05) the growth parameters (18.96 cm and 16.37 cm for plant height, 9.87 and 11.65 for leaf length, 7.41 and 7.49 for number of leaves, 68.33 cm2 and 47.51 cm2 for leaf area, respectively). T3 and T4 showed the greatest improvement in chlorophyll a, protein and fibre content, with 36.54 and 25.90 ppm for chlorophyll a, 26.85 and 26.21% for protein and 1.53 and 1.34% for fibre, respectively. T3 obtained the best physiological and organo-mineral parameters after T4. The results obtained show that treated wastewater and hydroponics have significant potential that could be of interest to farmers.

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Charisiou, Nikolaos D., Georgios I. Siakavelas, Kyriakos N. Papageridis, Davide Motta, Nikolaos Dimitratos, Victor Sebastian, Kyriaki Polychronopoulou та Maria A. Goula. "The Effect of Noble Metal (M: Ir, Pt, Pd) on M/Ce2O3-γ-Al2O3 Catalysts for Hydrogen Production via the Steam Reforming of Glycerol". Catalysts 10, № 7 (15 липня 2020): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10070790.

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A promising route for the energetic valorisation of the main by-product of the biodiesel industry is the steam reforming of glycerol, as it can theoretically produce seven moles of H2 for every mole of C3H8O3. In the work presented herein, CeO2–Al2O3 was used as supporting material for Ir, Pd and Pt catalysts, which were prepared using the incipient wetness impregnation technique and characterized by employing N2 adsorption–desorption, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The catalytic experiments aimed at identifying the effect of temperature on the total conversion of glycerol, on the conversion of glycerol to gaseous products, the selectivity towards the gaseous products (H2, CO2, CO, CH4) and the determination of the H2/CO and CO/CO2 molar ratios. The main liquid effluents produced during the reaction were quantified. The results revealed that the Pt/CeAl catalyst was more selective towards H2, which can be related to its increased number of Brønsted acid sites, which improved the hydrogenolysis and dehydrogenation–dehydration of condensable intermediates. The time-on-stream experiments, undertaken at low Water Glycerol Feed Ratios (WGFR), showed gradual deactivation for all catalysts. This is likely due to the dehydration reaction, which leads to the formation of unsaturated hydrocarbon species and eventually to carbon deposition. The weak metal–support interaction shown for the Ir/CeAl catalyst also led to pronounced sintering of the metallic particles.

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El Herradi, EL Hassania, Chakib El Adlouni, Malika Naman, Ibtissam Rochdi, Abdellatif Aafrane, and Fatima Naman. "Effet de margines traitées par infiltration-percolation sur la germination et la croissance de quatre espèces végétales." Revue des sciences de l’eau 30, no. 2 (January 22, 2018): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1042920ar.

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La protection de l’environnement à travers une gestion écologique des déchets oléicoles est devenue actuellement un élément préoccupant. La présente étude s’intéresse à la valorisation des margines traitées par la technique d’infiltration-percolation sur cinq filtres différents à base de sable marin, de sol agricole et de cendres volantes sur la germination (taux, vitesse et moyenne journalière de germination des graines) et la croissance (longueur des racines et des tiges; poids frais et poids sec) de quatre espèces végétales : le radis (Raphanus sativus R.), le navet (Brassica rapa L.), la tomate (Solanum lycopercium C.) et la luzerne (Medicago sativa L.). Les effluents bruts sont d’un pH acide (5,9), une conductivité électrique de 26,6 (mS∙cm-1), une teneur en matière en suspension de l’ordre de 32,1 g∙L-1. Ils sont très chargés en matière organique avec une teneur en demande chimique en oxygène (DCO) de 268 g∙L-1, en demande biologique en oxygène (DBO5) de 1,34 g∙L-1 et en phénols totaux de l’ordre de 2,66 g∙L-1. Les essais d’adsorption ont permis de confirmer l’efficacité de ces substances minérales naturelles dans la réduction des composés phénoliques, de la DCO et de la DBO5 contenus dans les margines. Avec les margines brutes, nous avons enregistré une inhibition complète de la germination des graines des quatre espèces et un accroissement du processus de germination en fonction de la dilution des margines. Avec les margines traitées, la germination et l’émergence de l’appareil végétatif des espèces étudiées par le filtrat dont la colonne d’infiltration-percolation est composée d’une combinaison de cendres et de sols agricoles, sont meilleures que les autres filtrats.

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Guerra-Rodríguez, Sonia, Paula Oulego, Encarnación Rodríguez, Devendra Narain Singh, and Jorge Rodríguez-Chueca. "Towards the Implementation of Circular Economy in the Wastewater Sector: Challenges and Opportunities." Water 12, no. 5 (May 18, 2020): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051431.

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The advancement of science has facilitated increase in the human lifespan, reflected in economic and population growth, which unfortunately leads to increased exploitation of resources. This situation entails not only depletion of resources, but also increases environmental pollution, mainly due to atmospheric emissions, wastewater effluents, and solid wastes. In this scenario, it is compulsory to adopt a paradigm change, as far as the consumption of resources by the population is concerned, to achieve a circular economy. The recovery and reuse of resources are key points, leading to a decrease in the consumption of raw materials, waste reduction, and improvement of energy efficiency. This is the reason why the concept of the circular economy can be applied in any industrial activity, including the wastewater treatment sector. With this in view, this review manuscript focuses on demonstrating the challenges and opportunities in applying a circular economy in the water sector. For example, reclamation and reuse of wastewater to increase water resources, by paying particular attention to the risks for human health, recovery of nutrients, or highly added-value products (e.g., metals and biomolecules among others), valorisation of sewage sludge, and/or recovery of energy. Being aware of this situation, in the European, Union 18 out of 27 countries are already reusing reclaimed wastewater at some level. Moreover, many wastewater treatment plants have reached energy self-sufficiency, producing up to 150% of their energy requirements. Unfortunately, many of the opportunities presented in this work are far from becoming a reality. Still, the first step is always to become aware of the problem and work on optimizing the solution to make it possible.

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Lucaci, Alina Roxana, Dumitru Bulgariu, Maria-Cristina Popescu, and Laura Bulgariu. "Adsorption of Cu(II) Ions on Adsorbent Materials Obtained from Marine Red Algae Callithamnion corymbosum sp." Water 12, no. 2 (January 30, 2020): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020372.

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In recent years, studies on the more efficient use of natural materials in adsorption processes have increased significantly. Thus, obtaining new adsorbents from marine algae biomass with higher adsorptive performance will ensure a better use of these renewable resources. In this study, the adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution was done using three types of adsorbent materials obtained from marine red algae biomass (Callithamnion corymbosum sp.), namely: alginate (Alg), algae waste biomass resulted after alginate extraction (AWB) and iron nanoparticles functionalized with alginate (Fe-NPs-Alg), compared to raw marine red algae biomass (RAB). FTIR spectra and SEM images recorded for each type of adsorbent indicate a porous structure and the presence of various superficial functional groups who may be involved in the retention of Cu(II) ions. The biosorption experiments were performed in a batch system, at different initial Cu(II) ion concentrations and contact times, maintaining a constant initial solution pH (4.4), adsorbent dose (2.0 g/L), and temperature (25 ± 1 °C). The obtained results indicate that the retention of Cu(II) ions requires a maximum of 60 min to reach equilibrium, and the maximum adsorption capacity increases in order: RAB (47.62 mg/g) < Fe-NPs-Alg (52.63 mg/g) < AWB (83.33 mg/g) < Alg (166.66 mg/g). The quantitative removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous effluents can be done in two successive adsorption stages, using AWB (in the first stage) and Fe-NPs-Alg (in the second stage), when the treated solution has a Cu(II) ions concentration below the maximum permissible limit. The quantitative recovery of retained Cu(II) ions (over 97%) can be done by treating these exhausted adsorbent materials with 0.1 N HNO3 solution. Therefore, the extraction of alginate from marine red algae biomass could be a viable solution to obtain efficient adsorbent materials for Cu(II) ions removal from aqueous media, and allow for a better valorisation of marine red algae biomass.

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Moulin, P., T. Allouane, L. Latapie, C. Raufast, and F. Charbit. "Treatment and valorisation of an industrial effluent by pervaporation." Journal of Membrane Science 197, no. 1-2 (March 2002): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(01)00603-2.

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Esteves, Ana F., Sara M. Soares, Eva M. Salgado, Rui A. R. Boaventura, and José C. M. Pires. "Microalgal Growth in Aquaculture Effluent: Coupling Biomass Valorisation with Nutrients Removal." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 12608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412608.

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Natural resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and the need to control their consumption and recycle their use is growing. Water is one of the essential resources for human survival. Therefore, there has been an increasing interest in ways to save, recycle and treat water supplies. Aquaculture is one of the most polluting activities as it produces a significant wastewater volume, which needs proper treatment before being discharged into the environment or recycled. Microalgae are a potential solution for wastewater treatment. Due to their numerous advantages, the use of microalgal biomass is being studied, and, at present, there is already a market and room for profit in the sale of microalgal components in various forms, such as animal and human supplements. From a biorefinery point of view, it is important to take advantage of all the qualities and benefits that microalgae have by combining their great capacity to treat wastewater and exploit the produced biomass, analysing its composition for subsequent valorisation, for example. In this study, Chlorella vulgaris was used to treat aquaculture wastewater from a trout farm aquaculture facility, and the treatment efficiency was evaluated. To valorise the resulting biomass, its composition was also assessed. C. vulgaris successfully grew in the effluent with growth rates of 0.260 ± 0.014 d−1 and with average productivity of 32.9 ± 1.6 mg L−1 d−1. The achieved removal efficiencies were 93.5 ± 2.1% for total nitrogen, 98.0 ± 0.1% for nitrate-nitrogen and 92.7 ± 0.1% for phosphate-phosphorus. Concerning biomass composition, the lipids (15.82 ± 0.15%), carbohydrates (48.64 ± 0.83%), and pigment contents (0.99 ± 0.04% for chlorophyll a + b and 0.21 ± 0.04% for carotenoids) were similar to the values of similar studies. However, the protein content obtained (17.93 ± 1.21%) was lower than the ones mentioned in the literature.

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Firth, Anton E. J., Niall Mac Dowell, Paul S. Fennell, and Jason P. Hallett. "Assessing the economic viability of wetland remediation of wastewater, and the potential for parallel biomass valorisation." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 6, no. 8 (2020): 2103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ew00324g.

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Martins, Rúben A., Eva M. Salgado, Ana L. Gonçalves, Ana F. Esteves, and José C. M. Pires. "Microalgae-Based Remediation of Real Textile Wastewater: Assessing Pollutant Removal and Biomass Valorisation." Bioengineering 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11010044.

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The textile industry generates highly contaminated wastewater. It severely threatens local ecosystems without proper treatment, significantly diminishing biodiversity near the discharge point. With rapid growth rates, microalgae offer an effective solution to mitigate the environmental impact of textile wastewater, and the generated biomass can be valorised. This study sets out to achieve two primary objectives: (i) to assess the removal of pollutants by Chlorella vulgaris from two distinct real textile wastewaters (without dilution) and (ii) to evaluate microalgal biomass composition for further valorisation (in a circular economy approach). Microalgae grew successfully with growth rates ranging from 0.234 ± 0.005 to 0.290 ± 0.003 d−1 and average productivities ranging from 78 ± 3 to 112.39 ± 0.07 mgDW L−1 d−1. All cultures demonstrated a significant reduction in nutrient concentrations for values below the legal limits for discharge, except for COD in effluent 2. Furthermore, the pigment concentration in the culture increased during textile effluent treatment, presenting a distinct advantage over conventional ones due to the economic value of produced biomass and pigments. This study underscores the promise of microalgae in textile wastewater treatment and provides valuable insights into their role in addressing the environmental challenges the textile industry poses.

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Sinha, Shivendra, R. Choudhari, D. Mishra, S. Shekhar, A. Agrawal, and K. K. Sahu. "Valorisation of waste galvanizing dross: Emphasis on recovery of zinc with zero effluent strategy." Journal of Environmental Management 256 (February 2020): 109985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109985.

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Martins, Ramiro, Rui Boaventura, and Larissa Paulista. "Treatment and Energy Valorisation of an Agro-Industrial Effluent in Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Reactor (UASB)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 95 (December 2017): 042045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/95/4/042045.

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36

Couillard, D., and S. Gariépy. "Traitement et valorisation des eaux usées agro-alimentaires: Faisabilité du procédé aérobie thermophile pour un effluent d'abattoir." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 68, no. 6 (December 1990): 1018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450680618.

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Malaspina, F., L. Stante, C. M. Cellamare, and A. Tilche. "Cheese whey and cheese factory wastewater treatment with a biological anaerobic–aerobic process." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0459.

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Research on the anaerobic treatment of raw cheese whey started in 1990 with the objective of developing a technology suitable for medium size cheese factories that have growing disposal problems and cannot afford high investment costs for whey valorisation technologies (such as whey protein and lactose recovery, spray drying, etc.). In order to couple process stability and high loads, a new downflow-upflow hybrid reactor (DUHR) has been designed. The reactor was able to reach Bv values around 10 g COD·1−1·d−1, with 98% COD converted to gas and effluent soluble COD values close to 1,000 ppm; no external addition of alkalinity is required to maintain a stable pH that was constantly around 6.5-6.7 in the downflow pre-acidification chamber and around 7.5 in the bio-methanation upflow chamber. The high strength of the cheese whey treated gives an effluent that still contains high amounts of COD, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus and therefore a post treatment is required in order to meet standard limits. Tests of post treatment were carried out during two years with a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR). The SBR was tested at various F/M values with different durations of anoxic-anaerobic-oxic cycles, obtaining, under certain conditions, more than 90% removal of COD, nitrogen and phosphorus.

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Pawlak-Kruczek, Halina, Agnieszka Urbanowska, Lukasz Niedzwiecki, Michał Czerep, Marcin Baranowski, Christian Aragon-Briceño, Małgorzata Kabsch-Korbutowicz, et al. "Hydrothermal Carbonisation as Treatment for Effective Moisture Removal from Digestate—Mechanical Dewatering, Flashing-Off, and Condensates’ Processing." Energies 16, no. 13 (July 1, 2023): 5102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16135102.

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One of the processes that can serve to valorise low-quality biomass and organic waste is hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). It is a thermochemical process that transpires in the presence of water and uses heat to convert wet feedstocks into hydrochar (the solid product of hydrothermal carbonization). In the present experimental study, an improvement consisting of an increased hydrophobic character of HTC-treated biomass is demonstrated through the presentation of enhanced mechanical dewatering at different pressures due to HTC valorisation. As part of this work’s scope, flashing-off of low-quality steam is additionally explored, allowing for the recovery of the physical enthalpy of hot hydrochar slurry. The flashing-off vapours, apart from steam, contain condensable hydrocarbons. Accordingly, a membrane system that purifies such effluent and the subsequent recovery of chemical energy from the retentate are taken into account. Moreover, the biomethane potential is calculated for the condensates, presenting the possibility for the chemical energy recovery of the condensates.

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Muanruksa, Papasanee, James Winterburn, and Pakawadee Kaewkannetra. "Biojet Fuel Production from Waste of Palm Oil Mill Effluent through Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Decarboxylation." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010078.

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME), wastewater discharged from the palm oil refinery industry, is classified as an environmental pollutant. In this work, a heterogeneous catalytic process for biojet fuel or green kerosene production was investigated. The enzymatic hydrolysis of POME was firstly performed in order to obtain hydrolysed POME (HPOME) rich in free fatty acid (FFA) content. The variations of the water content (30 to 50), temperature (30 to 60 °C) and agitation speed (150 to 250 rpm) were evaluated. The optimal condition for the POME hydrolysis reaction was obtained at a 50% v/v water content, 40 °C and 200 rpm. The highest FFA yield (Y FA) of 90% was obtained. Subsequently, FFA in HPOME was converted into hydrocarbon fuels via a hydrocracking reaction catalysed by Pd/Al2O3 at 400 °C, 10 bars H2 for 1 h under a high pressure autoclave reactor (HPAR). The refined-biofuel yield (94%) and the biojet selectivity (57.44%) were achieved. In this study, we are the first group to successfully demonstrate the POME waste valorisation towards renewable biojet fuel production based on biochemical and thermochemical routes. The process can be applied for the sustainable management of POME waste. It promises to be a high value-added product parallel to the alleviation of wastewater environmental issues.

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Muanruksa, Papasanee, James Winterburn, and Pakawadee Kaewkannetra. "Biojet Fuel Production from Waste of Palm Oil Mill Effluent through Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Decarboxylation." Catalysts 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010078.

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME), wastewater discharged from the palm oil refinery industry, is classified as an environmental pollutant. In this work, a heterogeneous catalytic process for biojet fuel or green kerosene production was investigated. The enzymatic hydrolysis of POME was firstly performed in order to obtain hydrolysed POME (HPOME) rich in free fatty acid (FFA) content. The variations of the water content (30 to 50), temperature (30 to 60 °C) and agitation speed (150 to 250 rpm) were evaluated. The optimal condition for the POME hydrolysis reaction was obtained at a 50% v/v water content, 40 °C and 200 rpm. The highest FFA yield (Y FA) of 90% was obtained. Subsequently, FFA in HPOME was converted into hydrocarbon fuels via a hydrocracking reaction catalysed by Pd/Al2O3 at 400 °C, 10 bars H2 for 1 h under a high pressure autoclave reactor (HPAR). The refined-biofuel yield (94%) and the biojet selectivity (57.44%) were achieved. In this study, we are the first group to successfully demonstrate the POME waste valorisation towards renewable biojet fuel production based on biochemical and thermochemical routes. The process can be applied for the sustainable management of POME waste. It promises to be a high value-added product parallel to the alleviation of wastewater environmental issues.

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Mora-Sánchez, Juan Francisco, Josué González-Camejo, Guillermo Noriega-Hevia, Aurora Seco, and María Victoria Ruano. "Ultrafiltration Harvesting of Microalgae Culture Cultivated in a WRRF: Long-Term Performance and Techno-Economic and Carbon Footprint Assessment." Sustainability 16, no. 1 (December 31, 2023): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16010369.

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A cross-flow ultrafiltration harvesting system for a pre-concentrated microalgae culture was tested in an innovative anaerobic-based WRRF. The microalgae culture was cultivated in a membrane photobioreactor fed with effluent from an anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating sewage. These harvested microalgae biomasses were then anaerobically co-digested with primary and secondary sludge from the water line. Depending on the needs of this anaerobic co-digestion, the filtration harvesting process was evaluated intermittently over a period of 212 days for different operating conditions, mainly the total amount of microalgae biomass harvested and the desired final total solids concentration (up to 15.9 g·L−1 with an average of 9.7 g·L−1). Concentration ratios of 15–27 were obtained with average transmembrane fluxes ranging from 5 to 28 L·m−2·h−1. Regarding membrane cleaning, both backflushing and chemical cleaning resulted in transmembrane flux recoveries that were, on average, 21% higher than those achieved with backflushing alone. The carbon footprint assessment shows promising results, as the GHG emissions associated with the cross-flow ultrafiltration harvesting process could be less than the emissions savings associated with the energy recovered from biogas production from the anaerobic valorisation of the harvested microalgae.

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Paul, Pranesh, and Gautam Aditya. "The shells of edible freshwater snails as a biosorbent for multi-metal ions from wastewater: Implication in effluent purification and waste valorisation." Separation and Purification Technology 331 (March 2024): 125623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2023.125623.

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Ayeronfe, Fadilah, Angzzas Kassim, Patricia Hung, Nadiah Ishak, Sharfina Syarifah, and Ashuvila Aripin. "Production of Ligninolytic Enzymes by Coptotermes curvignathus Gut Bacteria." Environmental and Climate Technologies 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-0008.

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Abstract Maximum utilization of lignocellulosic biomass is contingent upon degrading the recalcitrant lignin polymer. Conventional methods employed in delignification require high inputs of energy and chemicals, resulting in the release of highly toxic effluents. The ability of gut flora of Coptotermes curvignathus in lignin degradation was investigated in this study. Production of ligninolytic enzymes was done in an aerated submerged fermentation system with kraft lignin as sole carbon source. The degradation experiment was carried out for 7 days at 30 °C, pH 7. Three potential lignin degraders identified as Bacillus sp., Lysinibacillus sp. and Acinetobacter sp. were successfully isolated. The bacterial growth and secretion of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes confirmed metabolism of kraft lignin by the identified strains. Lysinibacillus sp., a novel lignin degrader showed highest manganese peroxidase (76.36 ± 15.74 U/L) and laccase activity (70.67 ± 16.82 U/L) after 7 and 6 days of incubation respectively, while maximal activity of lignin peroxidase (262.49 ± 0.92 U/L) was recorded after 7 days in culture supernatants of Bacillus sp. With respect to the activity of the secreted enzymes, the lignin degrading potential of these bacterial strains can be explored in the valorisations of lignocellulosic biomass in industrial processes such as pulping, bioethanol production, fine chemicals and materials synthesis.

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Alexandre, Marta R., Alexandra I. Costa, Mário N. Berberan-Santos, and José V. Prata. "Finding Value in Wastewaters from the Cork Industry: Carbon Dots Synthesis and Fluorescence for Hemeprotein Detection." Molecules 25, no. 10 (May 15, 2020): 2320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25102320.

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Valorisation of industrial low-value waste residues was preconized. Hence, carbon dots (C-dots) were synthesized from wastewaters of the cork industry—an abundant and affordable, but environmentally-problematic industrial effluent. The carbon nanomaterials were structurally and morphologically characterised, and their photophysical properties were analysed by an ensemble of spectroscopy techniques. Afterwards, they were successfully applied as highly-sensitive fluorescence probes for the direct detection of haemproteins. Haemoglobin, cytochrome c and myoglobin were selected as specific targets owing to their relevant roles in living organisms, wherein their deficiencies or surpluses are associated with several medical conditions. For all of them, remarkable responses were achieved, allowing their detection at nanomolar levels. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, ground-state UV–Vis absorption and electronic circular dichroism techniques were used to investigate the probable mechanisms behind the fluorescence turn-off of C-dots. Extensive experimental evidence points to a static quenching mechanism. Likewise, resonance energy transfer and collisional quenching have been discarded as excited-state deactivating mechanisms. It was additionally found that an oxidative, photoinduced electron transfer occurs for cytochrome c, the most electron-deficient protein. Besides, C-dots prepared from citric acid/ethylenediamine were comparatively assayed for protein detection and the differences between the two types of nanomaterials highlighted.

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Abid, Aziza, Abdeljalil Zouhri, and Abdelali Ider. "Utilisation d’un nouveau bio-floculant extrait du cactus marocain dans le traitement des rejets chargés de chrome (VI) par le procédé de coagulation floculation." Journal of Renewable Energies 11, no. 2 (June 30, 2008): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v11i2.74.

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Dans ce travail, nous avons utilisé un nouveau floculant organique biodégradable extrait de jus de cactus (figuiers de barbarie, voir photo ci-dessous), dans un procédé physico-chimique (coagulation floculation) afin de traiter des rejets liquides chargés en chrome (VI). Ce bio floculant nous a permis de réduire la turbidité d’un effluent industriel, en passant de 100 NTU à des valeurs au dessous de 2 NTU. L’étude a été réalisée sur des échantillons pseudo industriels préparés au laboratoire et des échantillons industriels issus d’une unité de traitement de surface (chromage). L’étude comparative entres le floculant organique et le floculant industriel PPRQESTOLR 2515.TR (floculant à base d’acrylamide et acrylate de sodium), a montré que notre bio floculant aboutit à des résultats satisfaisants au niveau du pouvoir de floculation. Une neutralisation et coagulation avec la chaux, suivi par une floculation, puis une décantation, pour la solution du chrome (VI) réduit en chrome (III) a montré un effet très significatif sur l’abattement de la turbidité et un pourcentage de rétention de chrome (VI) de plus de 99,5 %. Les résultats obtenus sont très encourageants et incitent notre équipe de recherche à développer cet axe de recherche afin de mettre en place des procédés alternatifs propres pour le traitement des eaux d’une manière générale et qui en même temps permettent la valorisation des ressources naturelles nationales.

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Ibáñez, Juan Patricio, Ana Vásquez, and Álvaro Aracena. "Valorisation of sulphate rich effluents by electrodialysis." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, February 23, 2023, 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00084433.2023.2179713.

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VIDONNE, Alain. "Recyclage, récupération et valorisation des effluents dans les ateliers de traitement de surface." Traitements des métaux, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.51257/a-v1-m1810.

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Rout, Prangya Ranjan, Mukesh Goel, Daya Shankar Pandey, Caitlin Briggs, Venkatesa Prabhu Sundramurthy, Nirmalya Halder, Anee Mohanty, Sanjay Mukherjee, and Sunita Varjani. "Technological advancements in valorisation of industrial effluents employing hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass: Strategic innovations, barriers and perspectives." Environmental Pollution, November 2022, 120667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120667.

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Kathi, Srujana, Siril Singh, Rajni Yadav, Anand Narain Singh, and Alaa El Din Mahmoud. "Wastewater and sludge valorisation: a novel approach for treatment and resource recovery to achieve circular economy concept." Frontiers in Chemical Engineering 5 (April 27, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fceng.2023.1129783.

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Global demand for freshwater is rapidly escalating. It is highly essential to keep pace with the necessities of the increasing population. The effluents of wastewater are gradually identified as a reservoir of resources for energy generation and economic boom. Henceforth, most wastewater and sludge have great potential for reuse and recycling. The re-utilization and valorization of wastewater and sludge contribute to accomplishing sustainable development goals, combating water scarcity, and alleviating adverse environmental impacts of wastewater on the environmental components. The present article highlights the most novel approaches for wastewater treatment for the waste valorization of different industrial origins and the generation of value-added products and recovery of biopolymers, vitamins, enzymes, dyes, pigments, and phenolic compounds. We highlighted the life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis. In addition, we have addressed a critical overview of the barriers to the large-scale application of resource recovery strategies and economic, environmental, and social concerns associated with using waste-derived products.

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Bellardita, Marianna, Leonardo Palmisano, and Vittorio Loddo. "Boosting high added-value chemicals formation by means of photoelectrocatalysis." Journal of Photocatalysis 03 (May 13, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2665976x03666220513153344.

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Abstract: Within the current production systems, the need for low environmental impact processes to produce chemicals, the treatment of aqueous effluents and the production of fuels is becoming an increasingly urgent challenge. In this context, photoelectrocatalysis (PEC), which couples the electrochemical method (EC) with photocatalysis (PC), can be considered a valid alternative to traditional catalytic processes. It allows increasing the photocatalytic and the electrochemical efficiency by improving the separation of the photoproduced electrons and holes on the electrode active surface and addressing the partial oxidation products formation by selecting the applied potential values. This review is concerned with the possibility to form by PEC high added-value chemicals, sometimes with the contemporary production of hydrogen, by using different materials for the fabrication of photoanodes and photocathodes in different solvents and system configuration, obtaining very interesting values of conversion, selectivity and Faradaic efficiencies. In particular, the review presents results related to the production of valuable compounds by the valorisation of alcohols, biomass derivatives and some peculiar organic substrates, highlighting the influence of electrodes composition, applied bias, electrolyte type and solvent.

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