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1
Kennedy, Robert S., and Janet J. Turnage. "Reliability Generalization: A Viable Key for Establishing Validity Generalization." Perceptual and Motor Skills 72, no. 1 (February 1991): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1991.72.1.297.
2
Harhoff, Frederik. "The Status of Indigenous Peoples under International Law: Greenland and the Right to Self-Determination." Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 32 (1995): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0069005800005798.
Анотація:
SommaireL'autodétermination des peuples autochtones suscite la controverse en droit international contemporain depuis que le processus de décolonisation s'est achevé, à la fin des années 1960. Parce qu’ils craignaient avant tout des désordres nationaux, de nombreux pays ont refusé de reconnaître que les peuples autochtones ont le droit de se séparer du territoire national et d'obtenir leur indépendance. Cependant, même la reconnaissance d'un droit moins vaste, soit un droit de recevoir un statut spécial et d'obtenir l'autonomie politique dans le cadre des frontières étatiques existantes, demeure une question litigieuse, car aucune définition claire des bénéficiaires et de la substance de ces droits ne peut être établie. De toute façon, la disparité des conditions politiques, économiques, sociales et climatiques dans lesquelles vivent les peuples autochtones du monde entier rend futile la création d'un seul et unique concept d'autodétermination qui s'appliquerait au monde entier. Pour sortir de cette impasse, on propose d'adopter une approche procédurale, au lieu d'essayer de fixer ces questions dans des termes juridiques stricts.Le fait de qualifier le concept d'autodétermination de processus, au lieu de le décrire comme étant une série de règles exactes et préétablies, a pour avantage d'apporter un élément de flexibilité, car il permet aux deux parties, c'est-à-dire les États et les peuples autochtones, de trouver des appuis pour défendre leurs intérêts et d'imaginer une solution viable qui tienne compte des circonstances particulières de chaque cas. Mais toutes les parties concernées devraient tout d'abord accepter trois conditions préalables:(1) Le droit de sécession immédiate et d'indépendance complète, en tant qu'aspect du droit à l'autodétermination, devrait être réservé aux peuples autochtones des territoires d'outre-mer.(2) Les États ont le devoir de favoriser l'autonomie de leurs peuples autochtones et le fardeau de prouver qu 'ih offrent la plus grande autonomie possible aux peuples autochtones vivant sur leurs territoires.(3) Une fois que des ententes relatives à l'autonomie ont été conclues, les États ne peuvent pas les révoquer, les abréger ou les modifier unilatéralement.L'auteur de cette note examine ensuite le régime d'autonomie du Groenland et conclut que ce régime semble satisfaire aux critères énoncés, bien que la question du statut actuel du Groenland (et des îles Faroe) au sein du royaume danois demeure incertaine sur le plan constitutionnel. Le régime d'autonomie implique un transfert irrévocable des pouvoirs législatifs et administratifs des autorités danoùes aux autorités du Groenland, ce qui a pour effet de créer un régime juridique indépendant au Groenland. Par ailleurs, il est entendu que le régime d'autonomie du Groenland permet d'établir un système judiciaire indépendant, si les tribunaux danois du Groenland ne reconnaissent pas la validité de la Loi d'autonomie du Groenland.
3
Ho Kim, Won, Jong Gyu Park, and Bora Kwon. "Work Engagement in South Korea." Psychological Reports 120, no. 3 (March 14, 2017): 561–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294117697085.
Анотація:
This study aims to validate Korean versions of the 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, testing for its factor pattern validity through Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity. The 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was translated according to the guidelines of the International Test Commission and tested with two Korean samples. First, the Exploratory Factor Analysis found that both two-factor and three-factor solutions were viable options with the first sample. Second, comparison validations of these two solutions were tested by confirming the dimensionality of their structures through the Confirmatory Factor Analyses with the second sample, with the conclusion that the three-factor model solution was the most parsimonious model. Finally, the three-factor model of the 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was demonstrated to have good discriminant validity and convergent validity, as well as internal consistency of its subscales.
4
Adeboye, Kehinde, and Andreas Börner. "Delayed luminescence of seeds: are shining seeds viable?" Seed Science and Technology 48, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2020.48.2.04.
Анотація:
Delayed luminescence (DL) has been widely studied for its applications in developmental biology and describes a phenomenon whereby biological materials radiate for a relatively long time (seconds and more) after illumination. Researchers have postulated that DL is potentially useful for determining the physiological status of biological materials, including crop seeds. Until recently this claim only remained within academia and there have been no known reports for the advancement of its use in seed testing and genebank management. This article examines the gaps in knowledge for adopting DL for seed testing by reviewing the history of DL applications in analytical studies of crop seeds and the incompletely understood mechanisms within seeds for displaying DL. We identified a need for more experimental data to validate the DL mechanisms in seeds before the procedure can be used for seed testing.
5
Valdivia, Lourdes. "Frege: Una estipulación viable." Crítica (México D. F. En línea) 17, no. 49 (December 7, 1985): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iifs.18704905e.1985.560.
Анотація:
These two objects [The True and the False] are recognized, if only implicitly, by everybody who judges something to be true —and so even by a sceptic. (Frege, G., “On Sense and Reference”, Trans. Geach & Black, p. 63.)
One of the most striking Fregean theses is the claim that declarative sentences (if true or false) are proper names of truth-values (I call this thesis (TP) for short). I here analyse Frege’s reasons for (TP) following Simpson’s reconstruction. Simpson has shown that Frege’s argument (if he has one) in favour of (TP) is not conclusive. But if (TP) cannot be established then other important Fregean claims, general semantic theses, fail as well. Thus, the aim of my paper is to introduce the aforementioned (TP) via a stipulation. The stipulation is not a merely ad hoc solution but is based on three main considerations: (i) Frege’s conjecture as it stands is either in-conclusive or lacks supporting argument. (ii) There is a well established practice in Mathematics that allows stipulations whenever they are needed in the theory. And finally, (iii) Frege’s notion of naming (namingF) is a theoretical concept which admits of an explication in Carnap’s sense. According to Frege the main function of language is that of naming. Thus semantically significant parts of language are names. Language is partitioned into types: names are either complete or incomplete. Incomplete names are function names which include function expressions (in a Mathematical sense), predicates, connectives and quantifiers. Complete names are called proper names and include: (1) grammatically ordinary proper names (genuine names in Frege’s terminology); (2) what we would nowadays call definite descriptions; (3) mathematical terms which describe or name numbers, like ‘2’, ‘2+5’; and (4) declarative sentences. The Proper names (1), (2) and (3) satisfy the two following semantic principles reconstructed by Church from Frege’s article “On Sense and Reference”:
(I) When a constituent name of a compound name lacks denotation the compound name does not denote either.
(II) When a constituent name of a compound name is replaced by another name having the same denotation, the denotation of the compound name does not change. (But sense may change.)
According to II, the compound name ‘The wife of Ulises’ lacks denotation since ‘Ulises’ does not denote. According to III, the denotation of the compound name ‘The capital of England’ does not change when substituting name ‘Churchill’s country’ for ‘England’. Simpson argues that Frege introduces (TP) by showing that declarative sentences and their truth-values satisfy principles II and III. Simpson reformulates these principles for declarative sentences replacing ‘compound name’ by ‘sentences’ and ‘denotation’ by ‘truth-value’ in the relevant places as follows:
(II’) When a constituent name of a sentence lacks denotation the sentence has no truth- value.
(III’) When a constituent name of a sentence is replaced by another name having the same denotation, the truth-value of the sentence (if there is such a truth-value) does not change.
According to II’ the sentence ‘Odysseus was set ashore at Ithaca while sound asleep’ lacks truth-value since ‘Odysseus’ does not denote. The sentence ‘The morning star is far from earth’ does not change its truth-value when ‘evening star’ replaces ‘morning star’ in accordance with principle III’. Simpson holds that for Frege (TP) follows from the premise that declarative sentences and their truth-values satisfy principles II’ and III’. However my reading of Frege’s texts does not agree with Simpson’s interpretation on this point. Frege considers the above mentioned principles only as necessary conditions for proper names. Hence I cannot see any argument here but and experimental development of (TP). Setting aside this point, the importance of Simpson’s reconstruction remains since it allows us to analyse Frege’s reason for (TP). Simpson finds Frege’s claim to be twofold: (a) declarative sentences are proper names and (b) their truth-values are their denotation; and he further argues that to conclude (TP) even were we to assume (a) we should also need to establish the truth of (b). In order to establish (b) Simpson argues that Frege must prove: (b’) that the naming relation holding between sentences and their truth-values satisfies principles II’ and III’, and (b’’) that there are no other entities satisfying principles II’ and III’ holding the naming relation to sentences. Simpson rejects (b’’) arguing two issues. First, that there are other kinds of entities satisfying principles II’ and III’, and which hold the naming relation to sentences; and second, that there is an infinity of such entities. His argument is as follows. Let us suppose that sentence A is a compound proper name. Let us also suppose that the denotation of A is the equivalence class of A mod. truth-value, i.e., the class of all the sentences which have the same truth-values as A. If the equivalence class of A mod. truth-value is the denotation of A, principles II’ and III’ are satisfied. Principle III’ is satisfied by sentence A and its supposed denotation since if the denotation of A is the equivalence class of all the sentences that have the same truth-value that A has, then if we replace a constituent name of A by other name having the same denotation the truth-value of A will not change nor will its equivalence class. Principle II’ is satisfied by A and its equivalence class given that in order to construct the denotation of A it is a necessary and sufficient condition that A have a truth-value. If a constituent name of the compound name A lacks denotation then A lacks denotation in the just described sense since we cannot construct the equivalence class of A mod. truth-value. Thus following Frege’s strategy Simpson concludes that the equivalence class mod. truth-value of a given sentence is the denotation of such a sentence. From this starting point he also argues that the number of possible denotata is infinite because principles II’ and III’ are also satisfied by the unitary class whose unique element is the equivalence class of A mod. truth-value, and in general they are satisfied by every member of the infinite series: {CA}…{{CA}}…{{{CA}}}… where “CA” stands for equivalence class of A mod. truth-value. Simpson’s reconstruction shows: (a) that Frege’s argument is not conclusive and (b) that there is an ad hoc flavour in Frege’s strategy. But if there is such and ad hoc flavour, and if (TP) is necessary for the theory, why do we not just stipulate (TP)? An affirmative answer is based on three main reasons: (i) Frege’s “argument” is not conclusive. (ii) In Mathematics there are cases where a stipulation is needed to validate a law. For instance using the intuitive notion of exponentiation the algebraic law: am = am-n an fails for a0 when m=n. Thus it is necessary to stipulate that a0=1 to validate the aforementioned law. This is not alien to Frege’s aim since he introduces “the special stipulation that divergent infinite series shall stand for number 0” (Cfr. “On Sense and Reference”, Trans. Geach & Black, p. 70). (iii) Frege’s notion of naming (namingF) is a theoretical concept that fulfills the following requirements for an explication in Carnap’s sense:
(1) NamingF is similar to our intuitive notion of naming (namingI) in such a way that in most cases in which namingI has so far been used, namingF can be used; however, close similarity is not required and considerable differences are permitted.
(2) The characterization of namingF is given in the form of a definition so as to introduce namingF into a well-connected system of theoretical concepts, as follows: a namesF x= df. x is an object and: if a is a genuine name x is the denotation of a, if a is a definite description x is the unique entity which satisfies the predicates occurring in a, if a is a declarative sentence x is the truth-value of sentence a.
(3) NamingF is a concept useful for the formulation of many universal statements, among others following: every predicate is a function name, every concept is a function whose value is always a truth-value, every equivalence statement is an identity statement. (4) NamingF is a simple as is possible, that means, as simple as the more important requirements (1), (2) and (3) permit.
(4) NamingF is a simple as is possible, that means, as simple as the more important requirements (1), (2) and (3) permit. Frege’s (TP) is used to subsume predicates to function names and their referents (concepts) to functions, as follows. According to Frege a first level monadic function name is an expression which contains a gap and its denotation is a function. Traditionally predicates have been regarded as monadic expressions containing a gap, and concepts are the denotations of predicates. When a function name is saturated by a proper name the resulting expression is a compound proper name. When a predicate is saturated by a singular term the result is a declarative sentence. If (TP) is the case then predicates and first level function names behave the same way. Thus since function names denote functions, predicates also denote functions. The subsumption of predicates to function names has two profitable consequences: there is an ontological reduction when concepts are considered as functions, and the traditional notion of a function is extended in two ways, by admitting a new kind of expression (predicates) as function expressions and by admitting a new kind of thing (truth-values) as arguments. Frege also uses (TP) to treat every equivalence statement as an identity statement, as follows. Statements of the form ‘P≡Q’ are true when P and Q have the same truth-value. If P and Q have the same truth-value and (TP) is the case, then P and Q have the same denotation. Then any assertion that results from replacing ‘=’ by ‘≡’ will also be true since ‘P≡Q’ is true if and only if P and Q have the same denotation. And finally, on the base of the definition of namingF, principles II’ and III’ result in general semantic laws. To conclude: the stipulation of (TP) has the advantage of avoiding the dubious Fregean conjecture. It is dubious in several ways: (i) our pre-theoretical conception of naming does not agree with the idea that sentences perform that role; (ii) even assuming that sentences could do that job, it is not clear what the reasons are for considering just truth-values to be their denotation instead of facts or other more intuitive candidates; (iii) even taking sentences as names and truth-values as their denotation, Frege’s reasons for (TP) seem to be inconclusive. Only if we consider theoretical needs and the naming notion as a theoretical one, can we dispel our intuitive rejection of (TP). [L.V.]
6
Jiménez-Rodríguez, Diana, María Teresa Belmonte García, Jesús Arcos García, and Gracia Castro-Luna. "Development and Validation of a Social Media Questionnaire for Nursing Training: A Pilot Study." Healthcare 9, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030344.
Анотація:
Background: Social media platforms are integrated into the lives of students. Their use in education has been studied, but this research is scarce in nursing. The objective of this study was to develop and validate the questionnaire “Use and views of the social media for nursing education” through a pilot study, to describe the use and attitudes of nursing students to social media. Methods: Cross-sectional design to validate the modified scale “Students’ Use and Views of the Social Media questionnaire.” The sample consisted of 107 undergraduate nursing students. Results: The factor analysis extracted three main components to explain social media use for nursing education, with component 1 being the “Need to use media in my professional training,” component 2—“To deepen my professional knowledge” and component 3 “Contrast information.” High reliability was demonstrated with Chronbach’s alpha value (0.84). Conclusion: The final tool was proven to have high validity and reliability values, so it is positioned as a viable tool to explore this reality. Students use social media for education in a high proportion and have positive attitudes regarding their education inclusion.
7
Kim, Hyung-Kwan, Yong-Jin Kim, Sung-A. Chang, Song-Yi Kim, Ho-Joon Jang, Whal Lee, Jin-Shik Park, et al. "Clinical Validity of Longitudinal Pre-Ejectional Myocardial Velocity for Identifying the Transmural Extent of Viable Myocardium." Circulation Journal 71, no. 12 (2007): 1904–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.71.1904.
8
BUCUR, Louisa-Maria. "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A VIABLE SOLUTION TO REDUCE POVERTY." Management of Sustainable Development 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2023): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54989/msd-2023-0012.
Анотація:
Poverty is one of the world’s greatest economic and social problems of all time. Therefore, sustainable solutions to reduce it are essential to increase the well-being of individuals and society. In this paper, the various causes of poverty, such as social and economic inequalities, limited access to education and health, will be analysed. After an introduction, the concept of sustainable development will be presented, underlying the virtues, as well as limits of it. There will be explored sustainable solutions for poverty reduction, which focus on sustainable development and the promotion of social and economic inclusion. Such solutions could be the creation of jobs and investment in the agricultural sector, the development of infrastructure and public services, the promotion of access to education and health services, and support for local communities and the social and solidarity economy. To validate these findings, qualitative methodology based on content analysis of sustainable development literature will allow to identify and evaluate good practices in sustainable development and poverty reduction. Therefore, it will be possible to show that sustainable solutions for poverty reduction are not only feasible but also effective in terms of social and economic impact. The paper will end with conclusions, arguing that sustainable solutions to poverty reduction are the key to increasing the well-being of individuals and society, and showing that interconnectivity, when considered in a sustainable approach, can improve the benefits for economic and social life.
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Abid, Samia, Turki Ali Alghamdi, Abdul Haseeb, Zahid Wadud, Abrar Ahmed, and Nadeem Javaid. "An Economical Energy Management Strategy for Viable Microgrid Modes." Electronics 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2019): 1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121442.
Анотація:
In the last couple of decades, numerous energy management strategies have been devised to mitigate the effects of greenhouse gas emission, hence introducing the concept of microgrids. In a microgrid, distributed energy generators are used. Microgrid enables a point which ameliorates in exchanging power with the main grid during different times of day. Based on the system constraints, in this work, we aim to efficiently minimize the operating cost of the microgrid and shave the power consumption peaks. For this purpose, we introduce an improved binary bat (iBBat) algorithm which helps to schedule the load demand of smart homes and energy generation from distributed generator of microgrid to the load demand and supply. The proposed energy management algorithm is applied to both grid-connected and islanded modes of the microgrid. The constraints imposed on the algorithm ensure that the load of electricity consumer does not escalate during peak hours. The simulation results are compared with BBat and binary flower pollination algorithm, which validate that the iBBat reflects substantial reduction in operating cost of microgrid. Moreover, results also show a phenomenal reduction in the peak-to-average ratio of load demand from main the main grid.
10
Afrahamiryano and Dewi Ariani. "ANALISIS VALIDITAS BUKU AJAR UNTUK SISTEM PERKULIAHAN E-LEARNING PADA MATA KULIAH KIMIA DASAR DI FKIP UMMY SOLOK." JURNAL EKSAKTA PENDIDIKAN (JEP) 1, no. 2 (December 8, 2017): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jep.v1i2.55.
Анотація:
E-learning lecture system is a lecture system that has been the talk of the world for several years. With regard to this e-learning process, there will still be teaching materials that are made. Teaching materials in the form of material for one semester published through e-learning media. Each teaching material needs to go through the validation process. So far, teaching materials created by lecturers only to support the lecture process, not many lecturers who validate the teaching materials given to students. The importance of validation of teaching materials is necessary to see the suitability of teaching materials to business / industry needs, so that the teaching materials are appropriate and suitable for use in learning. Therefore, the research is conducted to determine the validity of this resource. The formulation of the problem in this research is how the validity of basic chemistry textbook content for e-learning lecture system in FKIP UMMY Solok? To answer the problem formulation used R & D research method using 4D development model. The content validation of Textbook is done by expert consideration method and for data analysis of expert consideration result, used CVR index developed by Lawshe. Validation of this textbook aims to see the suitability of the content or substance of teaching materials. Triangulation results of expert consideration data obtained information that the validity of Basic Chemistry Basic textbook relevant / viable in terms of content and can be used for e-learning lecture system.
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Ермаков, Станислав, Stanislav Ermakov, Сергей Илькевич, Sergey Ilkevich, Вера Шлапак, and Vera Shlapak. "IT strategies for tourist and service companies: analyzing challenges, approaches, and validity." Services in Russia and abroad 8, no. 3 (May 28, 2014): 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4103.
Анотація:
The article provides an analysis of the major approaches, technologies, and challenges to molding an IT strategy for tourist and service companies. The authors touched upon the central aspects of the role which information technologies play in service and tourist management, service-focused orientation of data systems, methodological issues of service modeling, essential and viable lines of IT penetration, and the economic feasibility of strategic decisions.
12
Castiblanco Jimenez, Ivonne Angelica, Laura Cristina Cepeda García, Federica Marcolin, Maria Grazia Violante, and Enrico Vezzetti. "Validation of a TAM Extension in Agriculture: Exploring the Determinants of Acceptance of an e-Learning Platform." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 4672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104672.
Анотація:
Supporting education and training initiatives has been identified as an effective way to address Sustainable Development Challenges. In this sense, e-learning stands out as one of the most viable alternatives considering its advantages in terms of resources, time management, and geographical location. Understanding the reasons that move users to adopt these technologies is critical for achieving the desired social objectives. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) provides valuable guidelines to identify the variables shaping users’ acceptance of innovations. The present study aims to validate a TAM extension designed for FARMER 4.0, an e-learning application in the agricultural sector. Findings suggest that content quality (CQ) is the primary determinant of farmers’ and agricultural entrepreneurs’ perception of the tool’s usefulness (PU). Furthermore, experience (EXP) and self-efficacy (SE) shape potential users’ perceptions about ease of use (PEOU). This study offers helpful insight into the design and development of e-learning applications in the farming sector and provides empirical evidence of TAM’s validity to assess technology acceptance.
13
Yao, Zhiqiu, Pei Nie, Xinxin Zhang, Chao Chen, Zhigao An, Ke Wei, Junwei Zhao, et al. "Establishment and Validation of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT–MIR) Methodology for the Detection of Linoleic Acid in Buffalo Milk." Foods 12, no. 6 (March 12, 2023): 1199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12061199.
Анотація:
Buffalo milk is a dairy product that is considered to have a higher nutritional value compared to cow’s milk. Linoleic acid (LA) is an essential fatty acid that is important for human health. This study aimed to investigate and validate the use of Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-MIR) for the quantification of the linoleic acid in buffalo milk. Three machine learning models were used to predict linoleic acid content, and random forest was employed to select the most important subset of spectra for improved model performance. The validity of the FT-MIR methods was evaluated in accordance with ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines using the accuracy profile method, and the precision, the accuracy, and the limit of quantification were determined. The results showed that Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is a suitable technique for the analysis of linoleic acid, with a lower limit of quantification of 0.15 mg/mL milk. Our results showed that FT-MIR spectroscopy is a viable method for LA concentration analysis.
14
Stinson, Lisa F., Michelle L. Trevenen, and Donna T. Geddes. "The Viable Microbiome of Human Milk Differs from the Metataxonomic Profile." Nutrients 13, no. 12 (December 13, 2021): 4445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13124445.
Анотація:
Bacteria in human milk contribute to the establishment of the infant gut microbiome. As such, numerous studies have characterized the human milk microbiome using DNA sequencing technologies, particularly 16S rRNA gene sequencing. However, such methods are not able to differentiate between DNA from viable and non-viable bacteria. The extent to which bacterial DNA detected in human milk represents living, biologically active cells is therefore unclear. Here, we characterized both the viable bacterial content and the total bacterial DNA content (derived from viable and non-viable cells) of fresh human milk (n = 10). In order to differentiate the living from the dead, a combination of propidium monoazide (PMA) and full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used. Our results demonstrate that the majority of OTUs recovered from fresh human milk samples (67.3%) reflected DNA from non-viable organisms. PMA-treated samples differed significantly in their bacterial composition compared to untreated samples (PERMANOVA p < 0.0001). Additionally, an OTU mapping to Cutibacterium acnes had a significantly higher relative abundance in PMA-treated (viable) samples. These results demonstrate that the total bacterial DNA content of human milk is not representative of the viable human milk microbiome. Our findings raise questions about the validity of conclusions drawn from previous studies in which viability testing was not used, and have broad implications for the design of future work in this field.
15
Ramalho, Maria Cecília Koehne, and Juliana Barreiros Porto. "Validity Evidence of the Team Psychological Safety Survey." Psico-USF 26, no. 1 (January 2021): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712021260114.
Анотація:
Abstract The objective of this study was to adapt and investigate validity evidence for the Team Psychological Safety Survey for Brazil and to test its feasibility to emerge at the team level. A sample of 8,310 female workers answered the scale. Initial analyses indicated the single-factor solution fitness, with Cronbach’s alpha = 0.84. Confirmatory factor analysis model obtained good fitness coefficients, CFI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.07. Emersion was viable due to group variance identified by and ICC calculations. The hypothesis stated that psychological safety correlates with perceived organizational practices and that differences exist between men and women’s practices. Findings support that the good practices positively related to psychological safety, with differences between gender, while a negative relationship with bad practices was partially confirmed. A quadratic trend was identified between organizational status and psychological safety. Results provide validity evidence for the survey for samples of Brazilian women.
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Nasser, A. M., Y. Tchorch, and B. Fattal. "Validity of serological methods (ELISA) for detecting infectious viruses in water." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 5-6 (March 1, 1995): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0632.
Анотація:
Detection of cultivable enteric viruses in environmental water samples in tissue culture is time consuming and expensive. Moreover, some important enteric viruses grow very slowly (Hepatitis A virus) or do not grow as yet (Norwalk) in tissue culture. Therefore, sensitive serological and molecular methods have been developed to simplify and speed the detection of viruses in environmental samples. This study was conducted to test the reliability of serological methods to monitor the presence of viable viruses in natural waters. The study was performed with poliovirus purified in CsCl gradients and impure virus. Poliovirus 1 either purified or impure was seeded in raw wastewater, groundwater and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and incubated for 20 days at 4°C, 20°C and 30°C. Virus survival was monitored by a nylon filter A-ELISA and plaque-assay in BGM cells. In all water samples at 4°C, no die-off was observed neither by A-ELISA nor by plaque-assay. In wastewater and groundwater at 20°C and 30°C, greater die-off was observed with A-ELISA than with plaque-assay. Purified poliovirus was undetectable by the A-ELISA after two days of incubation at 20°C in wastewater and groundwater, whereas under the same conditions, only 2log10 reduction were observed in the titer of poliovirus 1. The data of this study have shown that in all cases, a positive test by A-ELISA was also positive by the plaque-assay. Therefore, a positive result of A-ELISA indicates the presence of viable virus in natural waters.
17
Weichert, J., M. Gembicki, and D. R. Hartge. "P01.04: When you see nothing at all: validity of multiplanar reconstruction of the retronasal triangle view in viable & non-viable dystrophic fetuses in late 1st and early 2nd trimester." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 44, S1 (September 2014): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.13990.
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Bamossy, Gary, Marilyn Johnston, and Michael Parsons. "The Assessment of Aesthetic Judgment Ability." Empirical Studies of the Arts 3, no. 1 (January 1985): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1u13-u2db-0be3-a4fn.
Анотація:
This article presents evidence for reliability and validity for the Aesthetic Judgment Ability (AJA) test. The test is a relatively easy to administer measure of aesthetic ability in judging paintings. Initial findings demonstrate strong evidence for test stability and acceptable internal consistency. It appears to be sensitive in discriminating between groups with clear evidence of criterion-group validity and discriminant validity. The cognitive-developmental perspective of the instrument provides a viable basis for explaining differences in aesthetic judgment. It is potentially useful as a pre-posttest assessment in courses of art education and, in conjunction with other measures, may also be useful in improving understanding of reactions to art.
19
Shieh, Vincent, Ashwini Sansare, Minal Jain, Thomas Bulea, Martina Mancini, and Cris Zampieri. "Body-Worn Sensors Are a Valid Alternative to Forceplates for Measuring Balance in Children." Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmpb.2019-0029.
Анотація:
Aims: Clinical evaluation of balance has relied on forceplate systems as the gold standard for postural sway measures. Recently, systems based on wireless inertial sensors have been explored, mostly in the adult population, as an alternative given their practicality and lower cost. Our goal was to validate body-worn sensors against forceplate balance measures in typically developing children during tests of quiet stance. Methods: 18 participants (8 males) 7 to 17 years old performed a quiet stance test standing on a forceplate while wearing 3 inertial sensors. Three 30-second trials were performed under 4 conditions: firm surface with eyes open and closed, and foam surface with eyes open and closed. Sway area, path length, and sway velocity were calculated. Results: We found 20 significant and 8 non-significant correlations. Variables found to be significant were represented across all conditions, except for the foam eyes closed condition. Conclusions: These results support the validity of wearable sensors in measuring postural sway in children. Inertial sensors may represent a viable alternative to the gold standard forceplate to test static balance in children.
20
Hamilton, Martin A., Kelli Buckingham-Meyer, and Darla M. Goeres. "Checking the Validity of the Harvesting and Disaggregating Steps in Laboratory Tests of Surface Disinfectants." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 92, no. 6 (November 1, 2009): 1755–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/92.6.1755.
Анотація:
Abstract A chemical disinfectant against surface-associated bacteria typically uses carriers (e.g., glass disks) that are purposely contaminated with bacteria prior to disinfection. After disinfection, the bacteria are harvested by mechanically separating them from the carrier surface to form a suspension of cells in a dilution tube. Bacterial clumps in the tube are disaggregated using mechanical or chemical techniques, thereby creating a well-mixed suspension of single cells suitable for enumeration. Efficacy is quantified by comparing the viable cell count for a disinfected carrier to the viable cell count for sham-disinfected (control) carrier. A test is said to be biased (invalid) if the observed efficacy measure is systematically higher or lower than the true efficacy. It is shown here for the first time that the bias attributable to the harvesting and disaggregating steps of a disinfectant test can be measured. For some conventional biofilm harvesting and disaggregating techniques, laboratory checks showed either negligible bias or important bias, depending on the disinfectant. Quantitative bias checks on the harvesting and disaggregating steps are prudent for each combination of carrier material, microorganism, and disinfectant. The quantitative results should be augmented by microscopic examination of harvested disinfected and control carriers and of the disaggregated suspensions.
21
Bhagwat, Ranjit, Shalonda Kelly, and Michael C. Lambert. "Exploratory Factor Analysis of African Self-Consciousness Scale Scores." Assessment 19, no. 1 (March 9, 2011): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191111398314.
Анотація:
This study replicates and extends prior studies of the dimensionality, convergent, and external validity of African Self-Consciousness Scale scores with appropriate exploratory factor analysis methods and a large gender balanced sample ( N = 348). Viable one- and two-factor solutions were cross-validated. Both first factors overlapped significantly and were labeled “Embracing African Heritage.” The second subscale of the two-factor solution was labeled “Refusal to Deny African Heritage.” Only the structural validity of the first factor of the two-factor solution was fully consistent with prior findings. Partial evidence of convergent validity was found for all factors, and only the second factor of the two-factor solution received external validity support. Implications for usage of the African Self-Consciousness Scale and recommendations for further investigation are discussed.
22
Kontogianni, E., S. Nikolaropoulos, I. Soussis, A. Gougoulakis, A. Ploumidis, G. Alivizatos, and V. Kontopoulos. "P-015. ICSI with immotile spermatozoa: validity of the hypo-osmotic swelling test in the selection of viable spermatozoa." Human Reproduction 12, Suppl_2 (June 1997): 127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/12.suppl_2.127-a.
23
Puche Regaliza, Julio César, Alfredo Jiménez, and Pablo Arranz Val. "Viable system model structuring of success factors in software projects." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 10, no. 4 (September 5, 2017): 897–919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-08-2016-0068.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the principal success factors of a software project structured upon the basis of the viable system model (VSM). Design/methodology/approach To do so, an exploratory empirical analysis is conducted of a set of software projects, in which the degree of compliance with the requirements set down by the VSM and the success rating of their development are identified. Findings The results of the study indicate that the most influential factors in achieving global viability in a software project are the local environment, the organizational units and the intelligent system. Building on those factors, a mathematical prediction model is developed, reaching an accuracy of 63.16 percent in its predictions. Research limitations/implications The authors wish to point out that due to the number of projects employed in the statistical analysis, the results have to be interpreted with caution and are of an exploratory nature. Practical implications The authors seek to show that the VSM is an extremely useful tool for the management of software projects and, by extension, projects of a general nature. The authors therefore suggest that knowledge of VSM would be of incalculable value for managers wishing to manage projects successfully and to survive in such a complex and rapidly changing environment as the software project environment is. Its application allows us to diagnose and to detect the critical factors to achieve such success. Social implications In addition, the research seeks to increase the universality of VSM, contributing to a better understanding of it and a better and greater formalization of it in favor of its acceptance and its practical use, seeking in this way to palliate some critical principals related to its abstraction and limited applicability and to increase its rigor and validity as an instrument for the diagnosis and the design of viable organizations. Originality/value The novelty of this study is therefore principally found in the application of the VSM to the organizational structure of a software project in such a way that it allows us to detect key factors in its success. Besides, building on the validation of this proposal through the completion of a quantitative empirical analysis, this study also offers a prediction mathematical model that relates key factors with the success of the project.
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Cotsomitis, John A. "Is the learning economy a viable concept for understanding the modern economy?" International Journal of Social Economics 45, no. 3 (March 5, 2018): 492–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-01-2017-0025.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the conceptual adequacy of the learning economy and its ability to describe the modern globalised economy. It is argued that unlike many fleeting catchwords and phrases found in economics, the learning economy represents a superior conceptual and heuristic starting point that reflects a new and emerging economic regime. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines those features of the learning economy which makes it a useful conceptualization and highlights some preconditions that are functional for its emergence. The paper then assesses the empirical validity of the learning economy and gauges its performance across 16 EU countries. Findings The learning economy represents a viable and useful concept in economics and the broader social sciences, which synthesizes recent attempts to depict what is new in the world economy into an internally coherent whole while overcoming previous shortcomings. It reflects a tangible reality that has taken hold most firmly in a small but significant part of the world, the Nordic countries of Northwestern Europe. Social implications Because it has already emerged in some advanced countries, the learning economy offers a concrete exemplar for other countries to emulate. If one has to ask people and communities to sacrifice, save and invest for the future, it is more convincing to do so for a concrete and credible future that does exist than for some conjectural future. Originality/value The paper uses an epistemological perspective to analyse the concept of the learning economy as articulated by Bengt-Äke Lundvall.
25
Kumar, S. "An explorative look at Jerusalem syndrome and its validity?" European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.851.
Анотація:
IntroductionThe aim of the explorative study poster is to look into the phenomenon of psychotic disorder/manifestations collectively termed as Jerusalem syndrome – a psychotheological condition characterized by temporary psychosis like symptoms upon visiting Jerusalem.AimThe primary aim is to explore the theories pertaining to the possible causes and psychopathology involved in Jerusalem syndrome with a view to contextualize their credibility and weightage against the extant evidence in neurological science. It would also look at the possible treatments used.MethodA detailed literature search has been undertaken to identify variety of case reviews and publications about Jerusalem syndrome and case interviews of psychiatrists in Jerusalem: dealing with neurological, psychological explanations of the condition; have been proposed by psychiatrist or psychologist and neurologists as a possible psychopathological manifestation.DiscussionThe results are synthesized and presented in a tabular form. The discussion expands on the various theories and their relevance with a view to establish the nosological validity of the condition and the viable treatment models available.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
26
Vera, Omaira, Paula Brelas de Brito, Letusa Albrecht, Keillen Monick Martins-Campos, Paulo F. P. Pimenta, Wuelton M. Monteiro, Marcus V. G. Lacerda, Stefanie C. P. Lopes, and Fabio T. M. Costa. "Purification Methodology for Viable and Infective Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes That Is Compatible with Transmission-Blocking Assays." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 59, no. 10 (August 3, 2015): 6638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01136-15.
Анотація:
ABSTRACTSignificant progress toward the control of malaria has been achieved, especially regardingPlasmodium falciparuminfections. However, the unique biology ofPlasmodium vivaxhampers current control strategies. The early appearance ofP. vivaxgametocytes in the peripheral blood and the impossibility of culturing this parasite are major drawbacks. Using blood samples from 40P. vivax-infected patients, we describe here a methodology to purify viable gametocytes and further infect anophelines. This method opens new avenues to validate transmission-blocking strategies.
27
Costa, Cicero Luciano Alves, Nadia Cristina Valentini, Emanuel Moita Do Nascimento, and Herbert Ugrinowitsch. "Validity and reliability of the volleyball serve accuracy-test." Journal of Human Sport and Exercise 19, no. 2 (April 1, 2024): 570–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.55860/jj2b1p83.
Анотація:
This study aimed to examine the content, face, and sensitive validity, and test-retest reliability of a volleyball overhand serve accuracy-test. Four experts – university professors evaluated the content validity; 50 volleyball coaches, teachers, and athletes were enrolled in the face validity. Thirty-three undergraduate students (18 experienced and 15 novices) participated in the study to assess the test capability to detect different performance levels. The sensitive validity was examined by comparing differences in the serving accuracy among experience levels using the t-test for independent samples. A cluster analysis (hierarchical cluster) was conducted using the between-groups linkage method and the Euclidean quadratic distance measure. The test-retest reliability was analysed using intraclass correlation coefficients and the standard error. Satisfactory results were found for experts’ agreement regarding the test’s accuracy and content validity. Face validity was adequate regarding clarity, pertinence, and applicability (78% to 86% of agreement). A high degree of test-retest reliability was observed for both novices (ICC = 0.81) and experienced (ICC = 0.84) participants; experienced group (p = .001) had higher means. The volleyball serve accuracy-test is a viable alternative to assess beginners’ performance in a teaching-learning context.
28
Londe, Ana Carolina, Jaqueline Cristina de Amorim, Paulo Rogério Julio, Nico M. Wulffraat, Roberto Marini, and Simone Appenzeller. "Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Methotrexate Intolerance Severity Score Questionnaire in Portuguese (Brazil) for Children and Adolescents with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 1116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031116.
Анотація:
The Methotrexate (MTX) Intolerance Severity Score (MISS) questionnaire has been developed to identify MTX adverse events in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The objective of this study was to translate and validate MISS into Brazilian Portuguese for children and adolescents. The MISS was translated into Portuguese following the standardized guidelines. We analyzed the following psychometric properties: acceptability, internal consistency, test–retest reproducibility, relative–child reliability, and external criterion and discriminant validity. We included 138 JIA patients (age: 8–18 years) and 108 relatives who took less than 5 min to answer MISS. Reproducibility tested after 15 days was good, with a kappa > 0.76. We observed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s coefficient 0.75–0.87 (patients) and 0.75–0.79 (relatives)). Reliability between patients and relatives was good except for stomachache and restlessness. Cut-off points of 5 and 6 had good sensitivity (84 and 71, respectively) and specificity (80 and 87, respectively). Using a cut-off value of 6, we observed 86 (62.3%) MTX-intolerant patients. In conclusion, MISS is a viable and practical tool for routine clinical care to identify MTX intolerance in JIA. Parents do not easily identify stomachache and restlessness as adverse MTX events.
29
Stahl, Sarah T., and Salvatore P. Insana. "Caloric expenditure assessment among older adults: Criterion validity of a novel accelerometry device." Journal of Health Psychology 19, no. 11 (July 1, 2013): 1382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105313490771.
Анотація:
Criterion validity of a novel accelerometry device that measures caloric expenditure (Fitbit) was evaluated against a self-report estimation of caloric expenditure (Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors) in older adults. Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors and Fitbit estimates of total caloric expenditure per day were significantly correlated ( r = .61, p < .05). Bland–Altman plots indicated that 70 percent of participants’ data were within 1 standard deviation of the mean difference between measures. These preliminary findings suggest that the Fitbit may be considered a viable instrument for measuring daily caloric expenditure among older adults. However, further work is required to determine the optimal measurement technique for caloric expenditure among older adults.
30
Muzijah, Rini, Mustika Wati, and Saiyidah Mahtari. "Pengembangan E-modul Menggunakan Aplikasi Exe-Learning untuk Melatih Literasi Sains." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jipf.v4i2.2056.
Анотація:
Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan e-modul yang layak untuk melatih literasi sains peserta didik. Adapun tujuan khusus penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan validitas e-modul, kepraktisan e-modul dan efektivitas e-modul. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian & pengembangan dengan model ASSURE dan diujicobakan pada 36 peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 4 SMAN 8 Banjarmasin. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Instrumen penelitian ini meliputi lembar validasi e-modul, angket respon peserta didik, dan tes hasil belajar. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa validitas e-modul memperoleh skor 3,41 dengan berkategori sangat valid, kepraktisan e-modul berdasarkan angket respon peserta didik memperoleh rata–rata 3,53 berkategori praktis dan efektivitas e-modul berdasarkan tes hasil belajar memperoleh skor N-Gain 0,41 yang berkategori efektif. Diperoleh simpulan bahwa e-modul menggunakan aplikasi exe-learning layak digunakan untuk melatih literasi sains peserta didik.The general objective of this research is to produce a viable e-module to train students' scientific literacy. This study's specific objectives are to describe the validity of the e-module, the practicality of the e-module, and the effectiveness of the e-module. This research & development type is research & development with the ASSURE model and was tested on 36 students of class XI MIPA 4 SMAN 8 Banjarmasin. Data were analyzed quantitatively. The research instruments included e-module validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests. The results of data analysis showed that the validity of the e-module obtained a score of 3.41 with a very valid category, the practicality of e-module based on the student response questionnaire obtained an average of 3.53 in the practical category, and the effectiveness of the e-module based on the test of learning outcomes obtained a score of N- Gain 0.41 which is categorized as effective. The conclusion was that the e-module using the exe-learning application was feasible to use to train students' scientific literacy.
31
Muzijah, Rini, Mustika Wati, and Saiyidah Mahtari. "Pengembangan E-modul Menggunakan Aplikasi Exe-Learning untuk Melatih Literasi Sains." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jipf.v4i2.2056.
Анотація:
Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan e-modul yang layak untuk melatih literasi sains peserta didik. Adapun tujuan khusus penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan validitas e-modul, kepraktisan e-modul dan efektivitas e-modul. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian & pengembangan dengan model ASSURE dan diujicobakan pada 36 peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 4 SMAN 8 Banjarmasin. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Instrumen penelitian ini meliputi lembar validasi e-modul, angket respon peserta didik, dan tes hasil belajar. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa validitas e-modul memperoleh skor 3,41 dengan berkategori sangat valid, kepraktisan e-modul berdasarkan angket respon peserta didik memperoleh rata–rata 3,53 berkategori praktis dan efektivitas e-modul berdasarkan tes hasil belajar memperoleh skor N-Gain 0,41 yang berkategori efektif. Diperoleh simpulan bahwa e-modul menggunakan aplikasi exe-learning layak digunakan untuk melatih literasi sains peserta didik.The general objective of this research is to produce a viable e-module to train students' scientific literacy. This study's specific objectives are to describe the validity of the e-module, the practicality of the e-module, and the effectiveness of the e-module. This research & development type is research & development with the ASSURE model and was tested on 36 students of class XI MIPA 4 SMAN 8 Banjarmasin. Data were analyzed quantitatively. The research instruments included e-module validation sheets, student response questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests. The results of data analysis showed that the validity of the e-module obtained a score of 3.41 with a very valid category, the practicality of e-module based on the student response questionnaire obtained an average of 3.53 in the practical category, and the effectiveness of the e-module based on the test of learning outcomes obtained a score of N- Gain 0.41 which is categorized as effective. The conclusion was that the e-module using the exe-learning application was feasible to use to train students' scientific literacy.
32
Yanar, Hilmi, Mustafa Salti, Oktay Aydogdu, Irfan Acikgoz, and Erol Yasar. "Galactic entropy in extended Kaluza–Klein cosmology." Modern Physics Letters A 31, no. 06 (February 21, 2016): 1650038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732316500383.
Анотація:
We use a Kaluza–Klein model with variable cosmological and gravitational terms to discuss the nature of galactic entropy function. For this purpose, we assume a universe filled with dark fluid and consider five-dimensional (5D) field equations using the Gamma law equation. We mainly discuss the validity of the first and generalized second laws of galactic thermodynamics for viable Kaluza–Klein models.
33
Umar, Adeeba, and Ram Naresh Saraswat. "Novel Divergence Measure Under Neutrosophic Environment and Its Utility in Various Problems of Decision Making." International Journal of Fuzzy System Applications 9, no. 4 (October 2020): 82–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfsa.2020100104.
Анотація:
This article develops a novel divergence measure for single valued neutrosophic sets with its validity proof to overcome the incapability of the existing divergence measures. The properties of proposed novel divergence measure for single valued neutrosophic sets are also discussed. Practical applications of proposed novel divergence measure for decision making in company selection and medical investigation are demonstrated through numerical illustrations. The comparison of novel divergence measure with the existing divergence measures under a neutrosophic environment is presented and the verification of validity test criteria is given to show that the proposed novel divergence measure is more intelligible and viable which works effectively than the other existing ones.
34
Philipse, Martien W. G., Maarten W. J. Koeter, Cees P. F. Van Der Staak, and Wim Van Den Brink. "Reliability and Discriminant Validity of Dynamic Reoffending Risk Indicators in Forensic Clinical Practice." Criminal Justice and Behavior 32, no. 6 (December 2005): 643–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854805279946.
Анотація:
This study examines the psychometric properties of the 47-item Clinical Inventory of Dynamic Reoffending Risk Indicators, developed for use in forensic inpatient mental health settings. By incorporating risk factors suggested by clinicians, the instrument provides a viable alternative to the preponderance of static predictors in most risk assessment tools. Interrater and test-retest reliability and discriminant validity were evaluated in a prospective design under naturalistic clinical conditions. It was concluded that reliability levels were similar to those of a widely used comparable tool, the Historical/Clinical/Risk Management scheme. For clinical use, a multiple-rater consensus procedure is nevertheless recommended. The instrument was shown to discriminate accurately between a group of recently admitted, high-risk patients and a lower risk group about to be discharged.
35
Bathallath, Sameer, Åsa Smedberg, and Harald Kjellin. "The Viable System Model for Diagnosing and Handling IT-Project Interdependencies in Large Portfolios." International Journal of Information Technology Project Management 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitpm.2019010105.
Анотація:
Adequately considering project interdependencies has shown to be a determinant of how successful IT/IS project portfolios are managed. However, this can be especially troublesome since there is no universal way to handle many project interdependencies that continue to change over time due to environmental uncertainty or unexpected decisions. This can seriously disrupt portfolio performance. In this article, the authors used the systems perspective to address the problem of managing multiple IT-project interdependencies in complex IT/IS portfolio environment. In particular, the authors propose using the cybernetic model Viable System Model to facilitate thinking and reasoning concerning the difficulty of managing IT-project interdependencies. To validate their approach and to ensure the appropriateness of it, the authors used real-world problem situations drawn from multiple case studies conducted in four leading organizations in Saudi Arabia. The findings support that the Viable System Model can be applied to assist in diagnosing and handling of IT-project interdependencies.
36
Ali, Md A., Wang Hui, Guangen Lin, Fang F. Dang, Shuang Wu, Chaoxin Man, and Yujun Jiang. "Development of a Standard Curve to Account for Viable Loads of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 Using RNA by Real-Time PCR." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 102, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0216.
Анотація:
Abstract Background: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 is widely used as a probiotic in various dairy preparations. To ensure optimal health benefits, an adequate number of probiotics should be viable in products, but the culture-based methods require longer periods to account for the strain. Objective: Develop a standard curve to account viable loadof B. animalis subsp. lactis HN019 by real-time PCR. Methods: The growth curve was developed accordingto plate count method, and cycle threshold (CT) curve was prepared using CT values. These two curves were then combined to construct the standard curve. To validate the method, the strain was proliferated in whole milk, and viable loads were enumerated by plate counting and relativePCR counting followed by determining the SEM betweenthe two counts. Results: The growth curve and CT curve, respectively, showed the highest viable load (2.13 × 108 CFU/mL) and lowest CT value (18.29) after 18 h, and during the entire growth phase (0–18 h), viable loads are inversely proportional to the CT values. The standard curverevealed the model y = 2E + 18e−1.233x (y = cells/mL, x = CT value; R2 = 0.992). In validation, the highest SEM (± 0.70 × 108) was found between the plate count (1.15 × 108 cells/mL) and relative PCR count (1.29 × 108 cells/mL) after cultivating for 14 h. Conclusions: The method could be readilyused in dairy industries to quantify viable B. animalis subsp. lactis HN019 by a shorter period. Highlights: Culture-independent enumeration of viable B. animalis subsp. lactis HN019 by real-time PCR.
37
Faroni, Marco, Manuel Beschi, Nicola Pedrocchi, and Antonio Visioli. "Viability and Feasibility of Constrained Kinematic Control of Manipulators." Robotics 7, no. 3 (July 23, 2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics7030041.
Анотація:
Recent advances in planning and control of robot manipulators make an increasing use of optimization-based techniques, such as model predictive control. In this framework, ensuring the feasibility of the online optimal control problem is a key issue. In the case of manipulators with bounded joint positions, velocities, and accelerations, feasibility can be guaranteed by limiting the set of admissible velocities and positions to a viable set. However, this results in the imposition of nonlinear optimization constraints. In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of the optimal control problem and we propose a method to construct a viable convex polyhedral that ensures feasibility of the optimal control problem by means of a given number of linear constraints. Experimental and numerical results on an industrial manipulator show the validity of the proposed approach.
38
Zuckert, Michael. "The Fullness of Being: Thomas Aquinas and the Modern Critique of Natural Law." Review of Politics 69, no. 1 (January 22, 2007): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670507000307.
Анотація:
Interest in natural law theory regularly revives but the question of whether Aquinas' classic version is viable depends on whether his doctrine has the resources to respond to the classic early modern critiques that were made of it. It is argued that he does have the resources to so respond, although the response pushes the ultimate philosophic question back to the issue of the validity of his natural theology.
39
Suherman, Suherman, and Tibor Vidákovich. "Adaptation and Validation of Students’ Attitudes Toward Mathematics to Indonesia." Pedagogika 147, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 227–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2022.147.11.
Анотація:
In this study, it is aimed to psychometrically evaluate of students’ attitudes toward mathematics inventory in secondary education (ATMSE). The validity of the model’s four-factor structure was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Reliability values for the four subscales ranged between 0.79 and 0.89 both consistency reliability using Crbα and composite reliability using ω. ATMSE is a viable instrument for assessing students’ attitudes toward mathematics in Indonesia.
40
Sharif, M., and Ayesha Sarwar. "Thermodynamics of anisotropic emergent universe in nonlinear electrodynamics." Modern Physics Letters A 31, no. 22 (July 14, 2016): 1650129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732316501297.
Анотація:
In this paper, we study the emergent universe (EU) with interacting fluids in the background of Bianchi type I (BI) universe model. For this purpose, we consider polytropic equation of state (EoS) which constitutes three non-interacting fluids. In order to check the viability of the cosmological models, we take a two-fluid model interacting with dust fluid and a three-fluid model in which each fluid has nonlinear EoS interacting at [Formula: see text]. It turns out that both models are realistic cosmological viable. We also check the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSLT) for EU with interacting fluids. Finally, we study its validity in the framework of nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED) on apparent horizon.
41
Samar, Vincent J., and Dale Evan Metz. "Criterion Validity of Speech Intelligibility Rating-Scale Procedures for the Hearing-Impaired Population." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 31, no. 3 (September 1988): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3103.307.
Анотація:
The criterion validity and reliability of two popular rating-scale procedures for the assessment of the contextual speech intelligibility of hearing-impaired individuals (The NTID Scales) were studied under clinically typical conditions of test administration and evaluation. The criterion measure was a write-down procedure based on subjects' readings of sentence lists chosen from The CID Everyday Sentence lists. Although the results revealed generally high overall validity and reliability coefficients for the two scales, a close examination of the distribution of estimation error over the full range of rating-scale values revealed gross violations of measurement prediction within the clinically most frequent midrange of speech intelligibility. The results indicate that the rating-scale procedure significantly compromises clinical and research classification of an individual's speech intelligibility and that write-down procedures may provide a viable and significantly more accurate alternative for speech intelligibility assessment.
42
Moore, Justin B., Nathanael G. Mitchell, Marcus W. Kilpatrick, and John B. Bartholomew. "The Physical Self-Attribute Questionnaire: Development and Initial Validation." Psychological Reports 100, no. 2 (April 2007): 627–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.2.627-642.
Анотація:
The Physical Self-attribute Questionnaire was developed for use in conjunction with the Physical Self-perception Profile to model cognitive facets of perceived competence, certainty, importance, and discrepancy from ideal to each of the physical subdomains measured by the latter (Strength, Attractive Body, Condition, and Sport). To this end, two studies were conducted. Study 1 examined the factor structure, test-retest reliability, and validity of the questionnaire in a sample of 154 (28 men, 126 women) undergraduate health students. Reliability and validity were acceptable, and confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit for a four-factor solution. In Study 2, the reliability, validity, and factor structure was again confirmed in a sample of 120 (83 men, 37 women) undergraduate students recruited from exercise classes. Results of these two studies suggest that the Physical Self-attribute Questionnaire is a viable tool to measure the underlying cognitive facets of subdomain-specific physical self-esteem.
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Dahal, Gaurav Raja. "Assessing the Ability of a “Free and Open Indo-Pacific” Strategy: To Maintain the Status-Quo in the Western Pacific and Indian Oceans." Journal of South Asian Studies 11, no. 2 (August 30, 2023): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/jsas.011.02.4286.
Анотація:
China’s rising power and challenge to the status quo of the rules-based international order had led several nations, primarily Japan and the United States, to pursue a “Free and Open Indo-Pacific” strategy. However, such a strategy was predicated upon multilateral support. Was such a strategy viable? The research focuses on this fundamental question, applying various IR theories to the strategy. This paper hypothesizes that if multilateralism was successful, the FOIP strategy was viable. The significance of this research is that it may suggest necessary changes to the existing FOIP strategy or may validate its trajectory. Either way, the research provides both academic and policy significance.
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Stein, James B., Paul A. Mongeau, and Nikki I. Truscelli. "Identifying and measuring network-based relational uncertainty: Looking outside of the dyadic bubble." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 37, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 491–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407519865022.
Анотація:
Previous research has explored both relational uncertainty and the importance of partners’ social networks in the development of close relationships. Combining these concepts would better facilitate our understanding of relational development. Accordingly, this four-study identifies and creates a novel measure for social network-based relational uncertainty experienced by individuals in romantic relationships. Studies 1 and 2 reveal eight distinct categories of network uncertainty via open coding. Studies 3 and 4 use these categories to create a network uncertainty measure (NUM) and compare it to several scales from relational turbulence theory. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed five subscales, which derived from the original eight categories. Tests of convergent and divergent validity validate the NUM as a viable measure to be used in theory expansion as well as studies of network-dyad interaction. Regression analyses first compared the NUM to measures of self, partner, and relationship uncertainty. Results demonstrated strong empirical relationships between these variables, reaffirming conceptual similarities. Moreover, measures of relationship satisfaction intimacy were regressed on the NUM, controlling for relational uncertainty measures. Results demonstrated that the NUM contributes to these outcomes above and beyond self, partner, and relationship uncertainty. Findings are discussed in terms of empirical and conceptual value to the study of romantic relationships.
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Galante, Francesco, Fabrizio Bracco, Carlo Chiorri, Luigi Pariota, Luigi Biggero, and Gennaro N. Bifulco. "Validity of Mental Workload Measures in a Driving Simulation Environment." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (August 19, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5679151.
Анотація:
Automated in-vehicle systems and related human-machine interfaces can contribute to alleviating the workload of drivers. However, each new functionality can also introduce a new source of workload, due to the need to attend to new tasks and thus requires careful testing before being implemented in vehicles. Driving simulators have become a viable alternative to on-the-road tests, since they allow optimal experimental control and high safety. However, for each driving simulator to be a useful research tool, for each specific task an adequate correspondence must be established between the behavior in the simulator and the behavior on the road, namely, the simulator absolute and relative validity. In this study we investigated the validity of a driving-simulator-based experimental environment for research on mental workload measures by comparing behavioral and subjective measures of workload of the same large group of participants in a simulated and on-road driving task on the same route. Consistent with previous studies, mixed support was found for both types of validity, although results suggest that allowing more and/or longer familiarization sessions with the simulator may be needed to increase its validity. Simulator sickness also emerged as a critical issue for the generalizability of the results.
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Bäckström, Martin, Fredrik Björklund, and Magnus R. Larsson. "Criterion Validity is Maintained When Items Are Evaluatively Neutralized: Evidence from A Full–Scale Five–Factor Model Inventory." European Journal of Personality 28, no. 6 (November 2014): 620–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.1960.
Анотація:
The original version and an evaluatively neutralized version (with items rephrased to reduce popularity) of a personality inventory were compared. The results revealed (i) similar criterion validity across three different sets of self–rated behaviours, (ii) stronger relations to the rated social desirability of criteria for the original version and (iii) less correlation between factors for the neutralized version. We take the results to indicate that evaluative neutralization is a viable technique for reducing social desirability in self–ratings. Implications for test construction are discussed. Copyright © 2014 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Huh, Jun-Ho, and Seong-Kyu Kim. "The Blockchain Consensus Algorithm for Viable Management of New and Renewable Energies." Sustainability 11, no. 11 (June 6, 2019): 3184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113184.
Анотація:
Efficient information flow in an intelligent system is vital for effectively controlling the entire system. Currently, intelligent systems are used in many industries related to energy production, sustainable agriculture/transport, and intelligent building/cities. Information technology (IT) and information and communication technologies (ICT) play vital roles in introducing technical or technological innovation in these industries as well as establishing a collaborative network. Also, the digitization of existing systems has been quite effective at creating a sustainable global environment as it allows more efficient and well-balanced control of socio-economic factors. However, it has become clear that adopting an intelligent system to achieve innovation, sustainability, and safety may well depend on the quality of the algorithms to be used for that very system. Despite recent controversies, new and renewable energies are considered as a realistic alternative to fossil fuels, which have been integral to modern industries but are regarded as a cause of environmental or economic problems, not to mention their limited deposits. Therefore, since renewable energies will gradually replace existing energy sources but require more time to be fully available, it is essential to find a method of managing them in a fair and transparent way. The United States, Japan, and some European countries are attempting to achieve such a goal by utilizing a blockchain system, but the issues pertaining to its functionality, security, or efficiency have yet to be addressed. This study introduces a viable consensus algorithm (Hyper Delegation Proof of Randomness, or HDPoR algorithm) for blockchain and attempts to validate its parallel computing capability through simulations. This study also attempts to design an efficient but secure peer-to-peer (P2P) transaction service model for these energies for the future where blockchain-based systems will hold a key position in the digitalized world. As its main contribution, this study introduces an effective method of applying blockchain to a new and renewable energy transaction system by presenting a consensus algorithm that can improve its infrastructure and performance.
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Abdel-Khalek, Ahmed M. "MEASURING HAPPINESS WITH A SINGLE-ITEM SCALE." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 34, no. 2 (January 1, 2006): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.2.139.
Анотація:
This study examined the accuracy of measuring happiness by a single item (Do you feel happy in general?) answered on an 11-point scale (0–10). Its temporal stability was 0.86. The correlations between the single item and both the Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI; Argyle, Martin, & Lu, 1995; Hills & Argyle, 1998) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985; Pavot & Diener, 1993) were highly significant and positive, denoting good concurrent validity. Moreover, the single item had a good convergent validity because it was highly and positively correlated with optimism, hope, self-esteem, positive affect, extraversion, and self-ratings of both physical and mental health. Furthermore, the divergent validity of the single item has been adequately demonstrated through its significant and negative correlations with anxiety, pessimism, negative affect, and insomnia. It was concluded that measuring happiness by a single item is reliable, valid, and viable in community surveys as well as in cross-cultural comparisons.
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Amirkhan, James H. "A Brief Stress Diagnostic Tool: The Short Stress Overload Scale." Assessment 25, no. 8 (October 6, 2016): 1001–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191116673173.
Анотація:
The Stress Overload Scale (SOS) has demonstrated validity in predicting pathological stress reactions; however, at 30 items, it is lengthy for some clinical applications. Here, two studies tested a 10-item SOS–Short (SOS-S). First, the SOS-S was compared with the SOS in a longitudinal community study ( n = 391), using indices of pathology as criterion measures. Results showed the SOS-S to be equivalent to the SOS in reliability and concurrent and predictive validity, although not quite as sensitive to somatic symptoms. Second, the SOS-S was compared to the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale in a cross-sectional community study ( n = 249), in which symptoms and response biases were also assessed. Results showed both measures to be susceptible to biasing, and the SOS-S to demonstrate superior validity when biases were controlled. The SOS-S appears a viable alternative to the SOS and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale for assessing stress, and risk for sequelae, across a broad demographic spectrum.
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Chia, Michael, and Jamie M. Lim. "Concurrent Validity of Power Output Derived from the Non-motorised Treadmill Test in Sedentary Adults." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 37, no. 4 (March 15, 2008): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v37n4p279.
Анотація:
Introduction: Many consider the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) as a reference standard assessment mode in the measurement of lower limb short-term power output. However the WAnT is criticised for having low ecological validity, in non-cycling tasks and is reliant on a pre-determined applied force, which might not elicit the highest power output. A viable alternative to the WAnT is the Non-Motorised Treadmill (NMT) Test, which allows for power measurement in all-out intensity effort sprint-running. With the reliability of the NMT to elicit power in sedentary adults already established, the aim was to compare peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) derived from a 10-s sprint on the NMT to that derived from a 10-s WAnT, to establish concurrent validity. Materials and Methods: Twelve male [age 26.6 ± 2.4 years, body mass (BM) 63.0 ± 7.2 kg] and 11 female (age 25.3 ± 3.6 years, BM 51.0 ± 4.0 kg) sedentary adults participated in the study. PP and MP in absolute, ratio-scaled and allometrically-scaled to BM were analysed. Ratio limits of agreement (LOA) was used to establish the agreement between PP and MP from the NMT and the WAnT. Results: PP in absolute and ratio-scaled to BM from the NMT was between 1.04 and 1.12 times that of PP from the WAnT in 95% of the attempts (PP: NMT, 647.1 ± 176.4W vs WAnT, 597.0 ± 146.0W). MP in absolute and ratio-scaled to BM from the NMT test was between 0.88 and 0.97 times of that from the WAnT (MP: NMT, 508.9 ± 130.7W vs WAnT, 548.7 ± 131.3W). Power produced on the NMT and the WAnT by sedentary adults shared moderate and acceptable levels of agreement. Conclusions: These results affirmed that the NMT could be considered as a viable alternative to the WAnT for the assessment of PP and MP in all-out intensity sprint-running lasting 10 s in sedentary adults. Key words: Ratio limits of agreement, Validity, Wingate Anaerobic Test