Дисертації з теми "Vacancy Engineering"
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Cui, Shanying. "Near-surface Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13064815.
Повний текст джерелаEngineering and Applied Sciences
Smith, Andy. "The formation of ultra-shallow p-type junctions using vacancy engineering." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2006. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843072/.
Повний текст джерелаTeale, Carson (Carson Arthur). "Magnetometry with ensembles of nitrogen vacancy centers in bulk diamond." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103852.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-57).
This thesis summarizes experiments conducted to develop a high sensitivity vector magnetometer using nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in a bulk diamond sample. This project began by analyzing the sensitivity of a single NV orientation using a continuous wave electron spin resonance approach. A protocol for determining the diamond's orientation was developed to map vector magnetic field readings in the diamond reference frame to the lab frame. Preliminary vector field measurements and differential vector measurements were performed. Although these showed promising results, significant instrument and ambient magnetic noise limited the achievable sensitivity. A new frequency locking measurement technique was developed to allow for simultaneous measurements between two separate sensors for future differential experiments. This technique provides a host of other benefits including much improved dynamic range and steady-state immunity to fluctuations in linewidth and contrast.
by Carson Teale.
S.M.
Alsid, Scott T. "Optimizing chemical-vapor-deposition diamond for nitrogen-vacancy center ensemble magnetometry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112367.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-125).
The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has emerged as a promising platform for high-sensitivity, vector magnetic field detection and high spatial resolution magnetic-field imaging due to its unique combination of optical and spin properties. NV diamond magnetometry has enabled a wide array of applications from the noninvasive measurement of a single neuron action potential to the mapping [mu]T-fields in [mu]m-size meteorite grains. To further improve the magnetic sensitivity of an ensemble NV magnetometer, the growth and processing of the host diamond must be taken into account. This thesis presents a systematic study of the effects of diamond processing on bulk chemical-vapor-deposition diamond. In particular, NV charge-state composition and spin decoherence times are measured for diamonds irradiated with 1 MeV electrons at doses of 1x1015-5x1019 e-/cm2 and thermally annealed at temperatures of 850°C and 1250°C. The study provides an optimal range for diamond processing and shows the quenching of the NV center at high irradiation dosage from the creation of additional vacancy-related defects.
by Scott T. Alsid.
S.M.
Eisenach, Erik Roger. "Tunable and broadband loop gap resonator for nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118052.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-68).
Nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond have emerged as a solid-state analog to atomic systems with applications ranging from room temperature quantum computing to quantum sensing and metrology. To date, with notably few exceptions, all NV applications rely on coherent manipulation of spin states via resonant microwave driving. In this thesis the loop gap resonator (LGR) is presented as a mechanism for the delivery of resonantly enhanced and uniform microwave fields to large volume samples of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Specifically, an S-band tunable LGR and its constituent excitation circuitry are designed and fabricated to enable directionally uniform, strong, homogeneous, and broadband microwave (MW) driving of an NV ensemble over an area larger than 32 mm2 . The LGR design, based on the anode block of a cavity magnetron, demonstrates an average field amplitude of 5 gauss at 42 dBm of input power, and achieves a peak-to-peak field uniformity of 89.5% over an area of 32 mm2 and 97% over an area of 11 mm2 . The broad bandwidth of the LGR is capable of addressing all resonances of an NV ensemble for bias magnetic Fields up to 14 gauss. Furthermore, with cavity ring-down-times in the single nanoseconds, the resonator is compatible with the pulsed MW techniques necessary for a wide range of NV-diamond applications.
by Erik Roger Eisenach.
S.M.
Bandyopadhyay, Saumil. "Frequency down-conversion for quantum networking with nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119544.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 49-54).
Quantum frequency conversion (QFC) devices are critical to building long-distance quantum networks, which would connect quantum memories located at distant nodes through optical channels for efficient entanglement distribution. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an attractive candidate for these memories because of its long coherence time and the ability to optically write to and read out information from its spin. However, the NV-center fluoresces in the visible range, which experiences strong losses (8 dB/km) in optical fiber and has limited the current distance record for entanglement between two NVs to 1.3 km. Using difference frequency generation, we demonstrate a free-space quantum frequency conversion system that could be used to convert photons emitted by the NV to 1080 nm. This thesis reports the building and characterization of the system, which demonstrates exceptionally high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). While not as optimal as conversion to the telecom C-band, losses at 1080 nm are significantly lower (<2 dB/km), and along with the system's high SNR, should enable much longer distance entanglement experiments than previously achieved.
by Saumil Bandyopadhyay.
M. Eng.
Holmström, Alexander. "Counting Cars and Determining the Vacancy of a Parking Lotusing Neural Networks." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149689.
Повний текст джерелаLopez, Nicolas A. "All-optical method of nanoscale magnetometry for ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy defects in diamond." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103712.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-65).
The Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) defect in diamond has shown considerable promise in the field of small scale magnetometry due to its high localization and retention of favorable optical properties at ambient conditions. Current methods of magnetometry with the NV center achieve high sensitivity to fields aligned with the defect axis; however, with most present methods transverse fields are not directly measurable. The all-optical method of NV magnetometry provides a means to detect transverse fields by monitoring changes in the overall fluorescence profile. In this work the all-optical method is extended to ensembles of non-interacting NV centers. By establishing an external bias field aligned with the (1, 1, 1) axis, the magnitude of an unknown transverse field can be unambiguously identified through the measurement of the signal curvature. The angular orientation can be determined up to a two-fold degeneracy by observing the change in signal curvature produced when the bias field is shifted off-axis. The magnetometry method explored in this thesis thus provides good sensitivity to transverse fields, while reducing to a minimum the experimental apparatus required to operate the magnetometer.
by Nicolas A. Lopez.
S.B.
Oliveira, Felipe de [Verfasser], and Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Wrachtrup. "Forefront engineering of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for quantum technologies / Felipe de Oliveira ; Betreuer: Jörg Wrachtrup." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147381496/34.
Повний текст джерелаSakakibara, Reyu. "Electrochemical modulation of fluorescence of nitrogen vacancy centers in nanodiamonds for voltage sensing applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/97766.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 105-112).
The nitrogen vacancy (NV) color center in diamond has been used to sense environmental variables such as temperature and electric and magnetic fields. Most sensing protocols depend on the optically detectable magnetic resonance of the negatively charged NV- spin state. As such, fluctuations in the NV charge state present a challenge for NV- spin-based sensing. This thesis discusses the electrochemical modulation of NV charge state and fluorescence as the basis for an alternative sensing scheme. An externally applied electrochemical potential shifts the occupation probabilities of the NV in each charge state, which manifest as changes in NV fluorescence intensity and emission spectra. In this thesis, the voltage dependence of fluorescence in high pressure high temperature nanodiamonds is demonstrated in an electrochemical cell. Following this, the mechanisms for NV response to externally applied electrical bias are investigated in other electrochemical cell morphologies, capacitors, and interdigitated electrode arrays. Finally, a design of an optical microscope setup for future studies of NV sensing in nanodiamond is outlined.
by Reyu Sakakibara.
S.M.
Chen, Edward H. (Edward Hong). "Coherent control of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond nanostructures for quantum sensing and networking." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107324.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 99-123).
The exceptional optical and spin properties of the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) center in diamond have led to numerous applications ranging from super-resolution imaging to the exploration of previously untested new phenomena using quantum entanglement for information processing and sensing. The solid-state environment of the diamond allows us to engineer nanostructures, which are promising for enhancing the optical and spin properties of the NV-. To help develop a component needed for a diamond-based quantum network, we recently achieved coherent electron spin control of long-lived NV-s in diamond nanostructures using a transferrable hard-mask for both etching and ion implantation. We also developed a super-resolution imaging technique for characterizing such systems, and we furthermore demonstrate high-sensitivity electrometry using a large number of NV-s. However, it remains an open area of investigation whether certain nano-fabrication processes for patterning nanostructures into diamond cause irrecoverable damage or introduce atomic impurities to the crystal that would lead to a significant degradation of the NV- properties. Another remaining challenge is to produce fault-tolerant multi-qubit registers within nanostructures for improved robustness and scalability for use in compact quantum sensors or quantum networks. By building on the results in this thesis, it may be possible to design nanostructures for enhancing initialization, control and read-out fidelities of defect-based solid-state quantum technologies.
by Edward H. Chen.
Ph. D.
Anubhav, Sinha Anubhav M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Development of a platform for sensing cellular electrical activity using nitrogen vacancy centers in nanodiamonds." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106445.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 69-77).
The nitrogen vacancy center (NV) in diamond hosts unique optical properties that allows it to be used for sensing magnetic fields, electric fields, and temperature. In addition, the photostability of the NV center and the biocompatibility of diamond suggests the utility of the NV center for biosensing. The dependence of the charge state of the NV center on the local electrochemical environment suggests that the NV center could be used as an optical sensor for electrophysiology. In this thesis, a platform to evaluate the utility of the NV center for voltage sensing is established. First, an electrophysiology setup is built and characterized on HEK293 cells. The setup adds functionality to a home built microscope so that cells can be electrically controlled while simultaneously observing the fluorescence. Second, the staining of neurons with hydrogen-terminated nanodiamonds (NDs) with NV centers is improved. Together, the improved staining of neurons with nanodiamonds along with using the electrophysiology setup to observe modulation forms a platform for future study of the NV center as a voltage sensor.
by Anubhav Sinha.
M. Eng.
Foy, Christopher Ph D. (Christopher C. ). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Wide-field magnetic field imaging with nitrogen vacancy centers in nanodiamonds at high frame-rates." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103750.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-88).
The nitrogen vacancy center (NV) is a promising single spin system in diamond with optical polarization, readout and optically detected magnetic resonances (ODMR). The NV has been shown to be a sensitive magnetometer at room temperature. In particular, owing to their small size, NV centers in nanocrystals (nanodiamonds) offer magnetic field imaging with high spatial resolution. Competitive magnetic field imaging methods such as magnetic force microscopy (MFM) or superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID) either image serially, and are thus slow, or are limited in their use for biological systems. Nanodiamonds in contrast have the advantage that they can be attached to biological tissues in vivo and can be imaged in parallel at high speeds. Unfortunately, nanodiamonds tend to aggregate due to Coulomb interactions of their surface species. This aggregation results in a inhomogeneous broadening of the NV's ODMR with applied magnetic field. This broadening makes imaging magnetic fields non-trivial. In this work, we present a model to understand aggregated nanodiamonds. Despite NVs with defined crystallographic orientations demonstrating vectorial resolution of magnetic fields, this model predicts that aggregated nanodiamonds should be treated as absolute magnetometers. Further, a sparse sampling protocol is implemented that enables time resolved magnetometry and is used to image the magnetic field of a current carrying wire at greater than 33 Hz speeds with magnetic field sensitivities better than ... over a 10 [mu]m x 10 [mu]m field of view.
by Christopher Foy.
S.M.
Abraham, Isaac P. "Logistic Function based Nonlinear Modeling and Circuit Analysis of the Bipolar Vacancy Migration Memristor." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1587033379577733.
Повний текст джерелаGoswami, Kamal Nayan. "Ab initio study of the effect of solute atoms on vacancy diffusion in Ni-based superalloys." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8509/.
Повний текст джерелаAmponsah, Sylvester. "Optical Characterization of Nitrogen-vacancy Centers andResonance Analysis of CVD Grown Diamond MEMS Devices." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1528479091207253.
Повний текст джерелаKasper, Christian Andreas [Verfasser], Vladimir [Gutachter] Dyakonov, Björn [Gutachter] Trauzettel, and Volker [Gutachter] Behr. "Engineering of Highly Coherent Silicon Vacancy Defects in Silicon Carbide / Christian Andreas Kasper ; Gutachter: Vladimir Dyakonov, Björn Trauzettel, Volker Behr." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233968130/34.
Повний текст джерелаMaiti, Debtanu. "Defect Laden Metal Oxides and Oxynitrides for Sustainable Low Temperature Carbon Dioxide Conversion to Fuel Feedstocks." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7694.
Повний текст джерелаDalponte, Mateus. "Redistribuição e ativação de dopantes em Si com excesso de vacâncias." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15397.
Повний текст джерелаThe redistribution and electrical activation of n type (As and Sb) and p type (Ga and In) dopants in Si with excess vacancy concentration were analyzed. The vacancies were formed by high dose ion implantation of oxygen or nitrogen at high temperature, following previously studied procedures. Dopants were implanted to a dose of 5x1014 cm-2 at 20 keV in the vacancy rich regions of the samples. Identical doping implantations were performed in bulk Si and SIMOX. Samples were then submitted to thermal annealing at 1000ºC for 10 s or 15 min. The dopants atomic profiles were obtained by Medium Energy Ion Scattering and the active dopant profiles, by differential Hall measurements. The redistribution and the electrical properties of each dopant in bulk Si were similar to those observed in SIMOX, but several differences were observed in the vacancy-rich samples. Vacancies reduced the electrical activation of As and Sb, although the activation was maintained stable after long annealing times. The redistribution of these dopants was, otherwise, dominated by the ion used in the vacancy generation, i.e., nitrogen or oxygen. The presence of oxygen resulted in larger As retained dose, while the presence of nitrogen, in larger Sb retained dose. Regarding the p type dopants, Ga and In, the vacancies played an important role in their redistribution, reducing their out-diffusion and allowing larger retained doses. Ga and especially In electrical activation was low, where strong influence of the pre-implanted ions was observed, especially oxygen.
Hillman, Sara, and Beatrice Niklasson. "Konvertering av kontorsfastigheter till äldreboenden : Fastighetsägarens perspektiv." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230935.
Повний текст джерелаThere are several ways for a property owner to reduce vacancies. One way is to convert the property to another purpose. Adaption of properties has always been done due to the fact that it may be more expensive to demolish and rebuild. Conversions of vacant office properties into other uses are desirable from a sustainability perspective because it may lead to an increase in social-, economic-, and environmental values. During the 1970s many commercial properties were built around the world. Historically, the commercial real estate industry has been cyclical. Netherlands was one of the countries that suffer due to high vacancies during the real estate crisis in the 1990s, especially in office buildings. By the end of the decade, Conversion Meter was created as a tool to assess the potential of converting office properties into housing. Today there are signs that office properties do not meet the tenant’s requirements. Efficient and flexible office properties in central locations are attractive as a workplace. While outdated office properties in less popular locations have a lower demand and hence might have a risk of high vacancy rates. At the same time there is a high demand on housing for the elderly. Sweden faces the challenge of providing care homes for the aging population. A conversion of obsolete office spaces in peripheral locations into care homes can be seen as an opportunity. There are several reasons why property owners would be interested in this market. This includes the location being less sensitive to location aspects, having the possibility to establish long leases, and the ability to receive government grants during conversion as well as generally higher rental levels as compared to office spaces. The main aim of this study is to investigate whether it is possible to develop a modified version of Conversion Meter to measure the potential for converting office properties into housing for elderly in Sweden. Three case studies have been conducted by creating and using a modified version of Conversion Meter with cash flow analysis for office properties in Lidingö, Sollentuna, and Upplands Väsby municipalities. The study shows that it is possible to modify Conversion Meter to measure the potential for converting office properties into care homes. In the study, Conversion Meter has been modified to a Swedish context and a cash flow analysis has been added. Additionally, political risks have been added to the tool. The main differences between the models are the target group's preferences, legal and building law, addition of cash flow analysis, and addition of political risks. By using cash flow analysis, the case studies show that it is profitable to convert office buildings into care homes. The greatest profitability observed is in the property in Upplands Väsby. The outcome of the calculations depends on the level of interest rates, vacancy rates, and differences in rental levels before and after the conversion. Potential biases to the study include parameters in the modified Conversion Meter are not precise and the tool must undergo continuous updates after changes.
Yousefian, Pedram. "Pore Formation in Aluminum Castings: Theoretical Calculations and the Extrinsic Effect of Entrained Surface Oxide Films." UNF Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/761.
Повний текст джерелаGreen, Robert David. "Carbon Dioxide Reduction on Gadolinia-Doped Ceria Cathodes." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1232574534.
Повний текст джерелаLhuillier, Pierre-Emile. "Etude du comportement de l'hélium et des défauts lacunaires dans le tungstène." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00587482.
Повний текст джерелаSidibe, Moussa. "Etude du comportement du tungstène sous irradiation : applications aux réacteurs de fusion." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068634.
Повний текст джерелаGuttman, Jeremy. "Polymer-based Tunnel Diodes Fabricated using Ultra-thin, ALD Deposited, Interfacial Films." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469125487.
Повний текст джерелаDalkic, Yurdaer, and Hadi Deknache. "A Self-policing Smart Parking Solution." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20898.
Повний текст джерелаKasper, Christian Andreas. "Engineering of Highly Coherent Silicon Vacancy Defects in Silicon Carbide." Doctoral thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.25972/OPUS-23779.
Повний текст джерелаIn dieser Arbeit wird die Erzeugung von Silizium Fehlstellen in Siliziumkarbid mit vorhersagbaren Eigenschaften nachgewiesen. Neutronen- und Elektronenbestrahlung wurden zur Erzeugung von Ensembles von Silizium Fehlstellen verwendet, während isolierte Fehlstellen an einer gewünschten Position mit Hilfe eines Protonenstrahls erzeugt wurden. Die Kohärenz der erzeugten Silizium Fehlstellen wurde in Abhängigkeit der Emitterdichte untersucht und eine Gesetzmäßigkeit hierfür eingeführt. Um die Kohärenz der Silizium Fehlstellen zu erhöhen, wurden Annealing Experimente durchgeführt. Des Weiteren wurde spektrales Holeburning verwendet, um absolute DC-Magnetometrie nachzuweisen
HSIEH, TSU-HSIU, and 謝祖修. "High Sensitivity NO gas sensor using SnO2 nanofiber by oxygen vacancy engineering." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43bha3.
Повний текст джерелаZang, Donghui. "Statistical mechanics and kinetics of hydrogen vacancy interaction of metals." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/19456.
Повний текст джерелаFung, Brian. "Stress engineering in impurity free vacancy disordering for III-V compound semiconductors: Theory and application." 2007. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=452839&T=F.
Повний текст джерелаBhattacharjee, Shubhadeep. "Materials, Processes and Device Design for High Performance, Sub-thermionic MoS2 FETs." Thesis, 2018. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4268.
Повний текст джерелаMeiTY Visvesvariaya PhD Fellowship