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Статті в журналах з теми "UV-EUV Imaging and spectroscopy"

1

Wraback, E. M., E. Landi, and W. B. Manchester. "Using the Cartwheel CME to Predict Off-limb Observations of CMEs for New and Upcoming UV and EUV Spectrometers." Astrophysical Journal 974, no. 1 (October 1, 2024): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6d58.

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Abstract Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) expel multithermal, magnetized plasma from the Sun, and when directed toward Earth, can cause extensive damage to space and ground-based electronics. To better understand the triggering, acceleration, and evolution of CMEs, it is critical to study CME plasma properties close to the Sun. High-resolution ultraviolet and extreme ultraviolet (UV-EUV) spectroscopy can give the most detailed plasma diagnostics of CMEs in the low solar corona. Unfortunately, very few spectrally resolved observations of CMEs in the low solar corona exist. However, with the recent launch of the Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment on board Solar Orbiter and the upcoming missions, including the EUV High-Throughput Solar Telescope (EUVST) on Solar-C and the Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE), we will have the opportunity to obtain unprecedented, spectrally resolved CME observations. Using the only full EUV spectral observation of a CME by the Hinode/EUV Imaging Spectrometer, we predict the spectra that SPICE, EUVST, and MUSE are expected to observe during an off-limb CME eruption to investigate the diagnostic capabilities of each instrument. Finally, we provide a list of density-sensitive and temperature-sensitive ratios for CME plasma diagnostics along with the expected spectral atlas for each instrument to facilitate observing sequence planning.
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Golub, Leon, Peter Cheimets, Edward E. DeLuca, Chad A. Madsen, Katharine K. Reeves, Jenna Samra, Sabrina Savage, Amy Winebarger, and Alexander R. Bruccoleri. "EUV imaging and spectroscopy for improved space weather forecasting." Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 10 (2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020040.

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Accurate predictions of harmful space weather effects are mandatory for the protection of astronauts and other assets in space, whether in Earth or lunar orbit, in transit between solar system objects, or on the surface of other planetary bodies. Because the corona is multithermal (i.e., structured not only in space but also in temperature), wavelength-separated data provide crucial information that is not available to imaging methods that integrate over temperature. The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths enable us to focus directly on high temperature coronal plasma associated with solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and shocked material without being overwhelmed by intensity from the solar disk. Both wide-field imaging and spectroscopic observations of the solar corona taken from a variety of orbits (e.g., Earth, L1, or L5) using suitably-chosen EUV instrumentation offer the possibility of addressing two major goals to enhance our space weather prediction capability, namely: (1) Improve our understanding of the coronal conditions that control the opening and closing of the corona to the heliosphere and consequent solar wind streams, and (2) Improve our understanding of the physical processes that control the early evolution of CMEs and the formation of shocks, from the solar surface out into the extended corona.
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Kuzin, S. V., S. A. Bogachev, I. A. Zhitnik, A. A. Pertsov, A. P. Ignatiev, A. M. Mitrofanov, V. A. Slemzin, S. V. Shestov, N. K. Sukhodrev, and O. I. Bugaenko. "TESIS experiment on EUV imaging spectroscopy of the Sun." Advances in Space Research 43, no. 6 (March 2009): 1001–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2008.10.021.

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4

Verma, M., C. Denker, A. Diercke, C. Kuckein, H. Balthasar, E. Dineva, I. Kontogiannis, P. S. Pal, and M. Sobotka. "High-resolution spectroscopy of a surge in an emerging flux region." Astronomy & Astrophysics 639 (July 2020): A19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936762.

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Aims. The regular pattern of quiet-Sun magnetic fields was disturbed by newly emerging magnetic flux, which led a day later to two homologous surges after renewed flux emergence, affecting all atmospheric layers. Hence, simultaneous observations in different atmospheric heights are needed to understand the interaction of rising flux tubes with the surrounding plasma, in particular by exploiting the important diagnostic capabilities provided by the strong chromospheric Hα line regarding morphology and energetic processes in active regions. Methods. A newly emerged active region NOAA 12722 was observed with the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) at Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain, on 11 September 2018. High spectral resolution observations using the echelle spectrograph in the chromospheric Hαλ6562.8 Å line were obtained in the early growth phase. Noise-stripped Hα line profiles yield maps of line-core and bisector velocities, which were contrasted with velocities inferred from Cloud Model inversions. A high-resolution imaging system recorded simultaneously broad- and narrowband Hα context images. The Solar Dynamics Observatory provided additional continuum images, line-of-sight (LOS) magnetograms, and UV and extreme UV (EUV) images, which link the different solar atmospheric layers. Results. The active region started as a bipolar region with continuous flux emergence when a new flux system emerged in the leading part during the VTT observations, resulting in two homologous surges. While flux cancellation at the base of the surges provided the energy for ejecting the cool plasma, strong proper motions of the leading pores changed the magnetic field topology making the region susceptible to surging. Despite the surge activity in the leading part, an arch filament system in the trailing part of the old flux remained stable. Thus, stable and violently expelled mass-loaded ascending magnetic structures can coexist in close proximity. Investigating the height dependence of LOS velocities revealed the existence of neighboring strong up- and downflows. However, downflows occur with a time lag. The opacity of the ejected cool plasma decreases with distance from the base of the surge, while the speed of the ejecta increases. The location at which the surge becomes invisible in Hα corresponds to the interface where the surge brightens in He IIλ304 Å. Broad-shouldered and dual-lobed Hα profiles suggests accelerated or decelerated and highly structured LOS plasma flows. Significantly broadened Hα profiles imply significant heating at the base of the surges, which is also supported by bright kernels in UV and EUV images uncovered by swaying motions of dark fibrils at the base of the surges. Conclusions. The interaction of newly emerging flux with pre-existing flux concentrations of a young, diffuse active region provided suitable conditions for two homologous surges. High-resolution spectroscopy revealed broadened and dual-lobed Hα profiles tracing accelerated or decelerated flows of cool plasma along the multi-threaded structure of the surge.
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Vievering, Juliana T., Angelos Vourlidas, and Säm Krucker. "Unraveling the Origins of an Extreme Solar Eruptive Event with Hard X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy." Astrophysical Journal 972, no. 1 (August 23, 2024): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad57b7.

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Abstract Hard X-ray (HXR) observations are crucial for understanding the initiation and evolution of solar eruptive events, as they provide a key signature of flare-accelerated electrons and heated plasma. The potential of high-cadence HXR imaging for deciphering the erupting structure, however, has not received adequate attention in an era of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imaging abundance. An extreme solar eruptive event on 2022 September 5 observed on the solar far side by both Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter provides the opportunity to showcase the power of HXR imaging in the absence of high-cadence EUV imaging. We investigate the evolution of flare energy release through HXR timing, imaging, and spectral analyses using data from the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) on board Solar Orbiter. STIX provides the highest cadence imaging of the energy release sites for this far-side event and offers crucial insight into the nature of energy release, timing of flare particle acceleration, and evolution of the acceleration efficiency. We find that this is a two-phase eruptive event, rather than two distinct eruptions, as has been previously suggested. The eruption begins with an initial peak in flare emission on one side of the active region (AR), marking the rise/destabilization of a loop system followed by notable episodes of energy release across the AR and an eruptive phase associated with a very fast coronal mass ejection, type III radio bursts, and solar energetic particles. We demonstrate that high-cadence HXR imaging spectroscopy is indispensable for understanding the formation of powerful, space-weather relevant eruptions.
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de Castro, Ana I. Gómez, and Martin A. Barstow. "Joint Discussion 4 UV astronomy: stars from birth to death." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, no. 14 (August 2006): 169–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307010083.

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AbstractThe scientific program is presented as well a the abstracts of the contributions. An extended account is published in “The Ultraviolet Universe: stars from birth to death” (Ed. Gómez de Castro) published by the Editorial Complutense de Madrid (UCM), that can be accessed by electronic format through the website of the Network for UV Astronomy (www.ucm.es/info/nuva).There are five telescopes currently in orbit that have a UV capability of some description. At the moment, only FUSE provides any medium- to high-resolution spectroscopic capability. GALEX, the XMM UV-Optical Telescope (UVOT) and the Swift. UVOT mainly delivers broad-band imaging, but with some low-resolution spectroscopy using grisms. The primary UV spectroscopic capability of HST was lost when the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph failed in 2004, but UV imaging is still available with the HST-WFPC2 and HST-ACS instruments.With the expected limited lifetime of sl FUSE, UV spectroscopy will be effectively unavailable in the short-term future. Even if a servicing mission of HST does go ahead, to install COS and repair STIS, the availability of high-resolution spectroscopy well into the next decade will not have been addressed. Therefore, it is important to develop new missions to complement and follow on from the legacy of FUSE and HST, as well as the smaller imaging/low resolution spectroscopy facilities. This contribution presents an outline of the UV projects, some of which are already approved for flight, while others are still at the proposal/study stage of their development.This contribution outlines the main results from Joint Discussion 04 held during the IAU General Assembly in Prague, August 2006, concerning the rationale behind the needs of the astronomical community, in particular the stellar astrophysics community, for new UV instrumentation. Recent results from UV observations were presented and future science goals were laid out. These goals will lay the framework for future mission planning.
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Verhoeve, P. "UV/optical imaging spectroscopy with cryogenic detectors." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 444, no. 1-2 (April 2000): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(99)01420-5.

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8

Brown, Robert L., Anthony R. Kerr, A. Richard Thompson, and Frederic R. Schwab. "High-Resolution Imaging Spectroscopy at Terahertz Frequencies." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 123 (1990): 509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100077575.

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AbstractHISAT, a multi-element heterodyne interferometer attached to Space Station Freedom, will provide spectroscopic images with unprecedented detail of those submillimeter lines of C,O and C+ which are critical diagnostics of UV excitation in the Galaxy. With the arcsecond angular resolution achievable from the space station, HISAT will reveal: – The distribution of sources of ultraviolet radiation in the Galaxy;–The effective temperature of the UV radiation as a function of galactocentric radius;– The chemical and isotopic enhancement of atomic carbon and oxygen with galactic radius;– The propagation of UV radiation in molecular clouds and its stimulative, or inhibitive, effect on star formation;– The density structure, dumpiness or fragmentation, of molecular clouds throughout the Galaxy. HISAT has been selected by NASA for a concept-phase study.
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Sciortino, F., N. T. Howard, R. Reksoatmodjo, A. R. Foster, J. W. Hughes, E. S. Marmar, M. A. Miller, et al. "Experimental inference of neutral and impurity transport in Alcator C-Mod using high-resolution x-ray and ultra-violet spectra." Nuclear Fusion 61, no. 12 (November 18, 2021): 126060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac32f2.

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Abstract We present experimental inferences of cross-field impurity transport coefficients for AlcatorC-Mod plasmas without edge-localized modes, leveraging a novel forward model for the entire Ca K α spectrum, including satellite lines within the spectral range, to compare to high-resolution x-ray imaging crystal spectroscopy (XICS). These measurements are complemented by extreme ultra-violet (EUV) spectroscopy that constrains transport closer to the edge. Using new atomic data sets for both XICS and EUV analysis has enabled consideration of line ratios across both spectral ranges and has increased the accuracy of inferred transport coefficients. Inclusion of charge exchange between edge thermal neutrals and impurities is shown to be extremely important in C-Mod pedestals. Atomic D neutral densities from experimental D Ly α measurements at the midplane are compared to SOLPS-ITER simulations, finding good agreement. Bayesian inferences of impurity transport coefficients are presented for L-, EDA H-, and I-mode discharges, making use of the Aurora package for forward modeling and combining our spectroscopic constraints. Experimentally inferred diffusion profiles are found to match turbulent transport models at midradius within uncertainties, using both quasilinear gyro-fluid TGLF SAT-1 and nonlinear ion-scale gyrokinetic CGYRO simulations. Significant discrepancies in convection are observed in some cases, suggesting difficulties in predictions of flat or hollow impurity profiles.
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Brooks, David H., Miho Janvier, Deborah Baker, Harry P. Warren, Frédéric Auchère, Mats Carlsson, Andrzej Fludra, et al. "Plasma Composition Measurements in an Active Region from Solar Orbiter/SPICE and Hinode/EIS." Astrophysical Journal 940, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9b0b.

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Abstract A key goal of the Solar Orbiter mission is to connect elemental abundance measurements of the solar wind enveloping the spacecraft with extreme-UV (EUV) spectroscopic observations of their solar sources, but this is not an easy exercise. Observations from previous missions have revealed a highly complex picture of spatial and temporal variations of elemental abundances in the solar corona. We have used coordinated observations from Hinode and Solar Orbiter to attempt new abundance measurements with the Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instrument, and benchmark them against standard analyses from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS). We use observations of several solar features in active region (AR) 12781 taken from an Earth-facing view by EIS on 2020 November 10, and SPICE data obtained one week later on 2020 November 17, when the AR had rotated into the Solar Orbiter field of view. We identify a range of spectral lines that are useful for determining the transition region and low-coronal-temperature structure with SPICE, and demonstrate that SPICE measurements are able to differentiate between photospheric and coronal magnesium/neon abundances. The combination of SPICE and EIS is able to establish the atmospheric composition structure of a fan loop/outflow area at the AR edge. We also discuss the problem of resolving the degree of elemental fractionation with SPICE, which is more challenging without further constraints on the temperature structure, and comment on what that can tell us about the sources of the solar wind and solar energetic particles.
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Дисертації з теми "UV-EUV Imaging and spectroscopy"

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Li, Jianping. "High-resolution UV-Vis-NIR fourier transform imaging spectroscopy and its applications in biology and chemistry." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2010. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1151.

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2

Howie, Wendy Helen. "Molecular structure and predissociation dynamics studied using absorption spectroscopy and ion imaging." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364886.

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Fox, James Lewis. "Snapshot imaging spectroscopy of the solar transition region: the multi-order solar EUV spectograph (MOSES) sounding rocket mission." Diss., Montana State University, 2011. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2011/fox/FoxJ0511.pdf.

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We have developed a revolutionary spectroscopic technique for solar research in the extreme ultraviolet. This slitless spectrographic technique allows snapshot imaging spectroscopy with data exactly cotemporal and cospectral. I have contributed to the successful realization of an application of this technique in the Multi-Order Solar EUV Spectrograph, MOSES. This instrument launched 2006 Feb 8 as a NASA sounding rocket payload and successfully returned remarkable data of the solar transition region in the He II 304 Angstrom spectral line. The unique design of this spectrometer allows the study of transient phenomena in the solar atmosphere, with spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution heretofore unachievable in concert, over a wide field of view. The fundamental concepts behind the MOSES spectrometer are broadly applicable to many solar spectral lines and phenomena and the instrument thus represents a new instrumentation technology. The early fruits of this labor are here reported: the first scientific discovery with the MOSES sounding rocket instrument, our observation of a transition region explosive event, phenomena observed with slit spectrographs since at least 1975, most commonly in lines of C IV (1548 Angstrom, 1550 Angstrom) and Si IV (1393 Angstrom, 1402 Angstrom). This explosive event is the first seen in He II 304 Angstrom. With our novel slitless imaging spectrograph, we are able to see the spatial structure of the event. We observe a bright core expelling two jets that are distinctly non-collinear, in directions that are not anti-parallel, in contradiction to standard models of explosive events, which give collinear jets. The jets have sky-plane velocities of order 75km s -¹ and line-of-sight velocities of +75km s -¹ (blue) and -30km s -¹ (red). The core is a region of high non-thermal doppler broadening, characteristic of explosive events, with maximal broadening 380 km s -¹ FWHM. It is possible to resolve the core broadening into red and blue line-of-sight components of maximum doppler velocities +160 km s -¹ and -220km s -¹. The event lasts more than 150 s. Its properties correspond to the larger, long-lived, and more energetic explosive events observed in other wavelengths.
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Dolliou, Antoine. "L'impact de petits événements brillants UV-EUV sur le chauffage coronal du Soleil calme : analyse de données de Solar Orbiter et simulations hydrodynamiques de boucles magnétiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP112.

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La couronne solaire est chauffée à plus de 1 MK. L'une des principales théories sur la formation de la couronne (Parker, 1988) suggère que l'énergie magnétique est dissipée dans la couronne par un grand nombre d'événements de chauffage impulsifs et peu énergétiques (1E24 ergs), appelés « nanoflares ». Le 30 mai 2020, lors de sa première séquence d'observation à haute résolution spatiale et temporelle, 1463 petits « événements » EUV de petite taille (400 - 4000 km) et de court temps de vie (10-200 s) ont été détectés dans le Soleil calme (QS) par l'imageur UV à haute résolution HRIEUV (174 Angström), à bord de Solar Orbiter. J'ai étudié si ces événements sont la signature du chauffage par nanoflares.Comme HRIEUV est sensible à une gamme de température continue, en particulier entre 1 MK et 0.3 MK, mon objectif était de vérifier si ces événements atteignent des températures coronales et, par conséquent, s'ils contribuent directement au chauffage coronal.Le 30 mai 2020, seules les données de SDO/AIA permettaient d'effectuer un diagnostic de température. C'est dans ce but que j'ai appliqué la méthode des « décalages temporels » aux canaux EUV de AIA. Ces décalages sont des signatures de chauffage ou de refroidissement pour des températures supérieures à 1 MK, au-delà de laquelle cinq des six canaux d'AIA ont leur pic de réponse. La comparaison des résultats entre les événements et le reste du QS a permis de conclure que les événements ont, pour la plupart, des décalages temporels inférieurs à la cadence d'AIA de 12 s. Des séquences d'observation ultérieures ont confirmé ces résultats avec une cadence d'AIA doublée. J'en ai déduit deux interprétations possibles : (1) les événements n'atteignent pas 1 MK, températures pour lesquelles les fonctions de réponse d'AIA se comportent de façon similaire ; (2) les temps de refroidissement sont trop courts pour que les décalages temporels soient résolus par AIA. Afin de mieux contraindre leur température, j'ai eu recours à la spectroscopie.J'ai donc analysé des observations coordonnées entre HRIEUV, AIA (imagerie), Solar Orbiter/SPICE et Hinode/EIS (spectroscopie) sur le QS, en 2022 et 2023. Tout d'abord, les événements sont détectés dans HRIEUV, puis identifiés dans AIA, ainsi que SPICE ou EIS. A partir des raies spectrales, j'ai construit des courbes de lumière et estimé la distribution de la densité en fonction de la température. J'ai conclu que l'émission de ces événements provient principalement de plasma froid (< 1 MK). Ainsi, la majorité d'entre eux ne contribuent pas directement au chauffage coronal.Afin de comprendre l'origine physique de ces événements, j'ai reproduit leurs signatures observationnelles avec le code d'évolution hydrodynamique 1D HYDRAD. Pour ce faire, j'ai calculé les courbes de lumière synthétiques de petites boucles soumises à un chauffage impulsif, en changeant les paramètres du modèle, tels que la longueur de la boucle ou l'amplitude du chauffage. J'ai cherché les paramètres qui reproduisent le mieux les observations, y compris le pic co-temporel des courbes de lumière. J'ai comparé les résultats pour deux types de boucles qui ont des propriétés très différentes : les boucles « chaudes » (T > 1E5 K) et les boucles « froides » (T < 1E5 K). Les résultats montrent que les boucles froides soumises à un chauffage impulsif sont de bons candidats pour expliquer l'origine des événements détectés par HRIEUV.En conclusion, ces événements ne sont probablement pas, pour la majeure partie d'entre eux, une signature du chauffage coronal, à moins que leur émission coronale ne soit inférieure aux limites instrumentales. Une des conséquences de ce travail est de réévaluer le rôle des petits événements EUV dans le chauffage coronal du QS, car ils pourraient jouer un rôle important dans le chauffage de la partie plus basse et plus froide de l'atmosphère solaire
The Solar corona temperature is maintained at more than 1 MK. One of the main theories of the coronal formation (Parker, 1988) suggests that the magnetic energy is dissipated into the corona through a high number of impulsive, low energetic (1E24 ergs) heating events, called “nanoflares.” On 30 May 2020, during its first high temporal and spatial resolutions observations, 1463 small (400 - 4000 km) and short-lived (10-200 s) EUV brightenings, referred to as “events”, were detected in the Quiet Sun (QS) by the high-resolution UV imager HRIEUV (174 Angström), on board Solar Orbiter. I tested the possibility that they might be signatures of nanoflare heating.As HRIEUV is sensitive to continuous temperature coverage, in particular between 1 MK and 0.3 MK, my goal was to verify if these events do reach coronal temperatures and, thus, if they contribute directly to the coronal heating.For the 30 May 2020 dataset, only SDO/AIA data were available to perform temperature diagnostics. To do so, I applied the “time lags” method to the coronal channels of AIA. This method provides signatures on plasma cooling or heating above 1 MK, as most AIA channels have their sensitivity peak at these temperatures. I compared the statistics between the events and the rest of the QS and concluded that the events are characterized by short time lags below the AIA cadence of 12 s. These results were confirmed by extending the study to later datasets using a higher AIA cadence of 6s. I proposed two possible interpretations: (1) the events peak below 1 MK, where the AIA response functions behave similarly; (2) the events' cooling time scale is too short to be resolved by the AIA cadence. Spectroscopic observations are thus necessary to better constrain the temperature of these events.To complete this work, I used co-temporal 2022 and 2023 QS data from HRIEUV, AIA (imagers), from Solar Orbiter/SPICE and HINODE/EIS (spectroscopy). I first detected events in HRIEUV and identified them in SPICE or EIS and in AIA. Then, I extracted the light curves from spectral lines emitted in a wide range of temperatures and applied spectroscopic diagnostics to derive the density as a function of temperature. I concluded that the emission of these events mainly originates from plasma below 1 MK. As such, most of them hardly contribute directly to the coronal heating.In order to understand the physical properties driving these events, I reproduced their observational signatures using the HYDRAD 1D hydrodynamics code. To do so, I computed the synthetic light curves from different models of short loops submitted to impulsive heating by changing parameters such as the loop length or the heating strength. I looked for the models that best reproduce the observations, including the light curves co-temporal peak. The work compares the results for two different types of loops that have very distinct properties: “hot” (T > 1E5 K) and “cool” (T < 1E5 K) loops. The results showed that cool loops submitted to impulsive heating are good candidates to explain the origin of most of the events detected by HRIEUV.To conclude, most of these events are probably not the signature of coronal heating phenomena, unless their coronal emission is below the instrumental limitations. One consequence of this work would be to reconsider their role in heating the QS corona, as they might instead provide a major contribution to the heating of the cooler lower solar atmosphere
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Cauchy, Cécilia. "Mécanismes de relaxation de fullerènes photoexcités de l'IR lointain à l'extrême UV : étude par imagerie de vitesse." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00678808.

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Ce document présente une étude des mécanismes de relaxation de fullerènes induits par photoexcitation. Nous avons exploré les processus d'ionisation et de fragmentation de ces systèmes modèles suite à une irradiation par différentes sources de lumière : impulsion femtoseconde, laser à électron libre (IR lointain) et Synchrotron (XUV). Afin d'étudier ces mécanismes, nous utilisons l'imagerie par cartographie de vitesse qui nous permet de suivre l'évolution de la distribution angulaire de vitesse des particules émises. Suivant la durée, l'intensité et la longueur d'onde de l'excitation utilisée, la nature des mécanismes change drastiquement (mécanismes statistiques, ionisation cohérente en champ fort, autoionization de plasmons, etc...). Plusieurs approches théoriques sont utilisées allant du modèle Weisskopf pour les processus statistiques à la résolution de l'équation de Schrödinger dépendante du temps pour les processus cohérents. Cette étude permet de relier les mécanismes de relaxation intervenant à différentes échelles de temps
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Abd, El Kader Magdy Ezzat. "Application of Hot-Melt Ink Jet Processes for Imaging at Offset Printing Form Cylinder." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200400092.

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Анотація:
The present work related to apply hot-melt ink-jet process for imaging at offset lithographic printing form, to utilise a reusable surface for many times and particularly related to validating thermal and ultrasonic erasing processes. This dissertation investigated systematically the role of certain factors towards affecting erasing image area process on print surfaces. Thermal erasing process approved to melt and suck the image area from the surface, the results were adopted by using contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscope. Ultrasonic erasing process permitted to solve the image area by choosing erasing chemistries, influence of selected erasing chemistries on printing surface, and evaluation the process, the results were tested by UV/Vis spectrometer, contact angle, profileometery and visual microscope
Der Fortschritt im Bereich von Charakterisierung und Verständnis für Hot-melt Ink Jet Prozesse zur Bebilderung von Offsetdruckform-Zylindern ist ein Ergebnis dieser Forschung. Die Systematik dieser Arbeit basiert auf einem theoretischen Teil, um einen geeigneten Löschprozess auszuwählen. Der Löschprozess hängt von den Eigenschaften des Hot-melt Ink Jet Materials und der genutzten Aluminiumdruckoberfläche ab. Diese werden systematisch im Labormaßstab experimentell untersucht. Der thermische Prozess wurde einerseits durch Benetzbarkeitsprüfungen und anderseites durch Rasterelektronmikroskopaufnahmen bewertet.Der Ultraschallprozess ist ein nasser Löschprozess. Die Untersuchungen wurden in vier Stufen systematisch durchgeführt - Auswahl vom geeigneten Lösungsmitteln - Einflüsse von ausgewählten Lösungsmitteln auf nicht beschichtete und beschichtete Aluminium platten - Evaluation eines Ultraschalllöschprozesses - Validation eines Löschprozesses; zur Bewertung des Löschprozesses wurden mehrere Druckplattenproben bebildert und gelöscht Die Ergebnisse wurden durch UV/Vis Spektrometer, Kontaktwinkel, Profiliometrie und Visuelle Mikroskopie getestet
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Denneval, Charline. "Design, synthèse et évaluation de contrastophores bimodaux pour l'imagerie par absorption à deux photons et par tomographie par émission de positons." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAM0012/document.

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L’objectif de ce travail a porté sur l’élaboration d’une sonde bimodale ADP–TEP (absorption à deux photons–tomographie par emission de positons) pour des applications en imagerie médicale.Dans un premier temps, le projet a consisté en le design, la synthèse et l’évaluation des propriétés photophysiques d’une nouvelle série de chromophores diaziniques A–p–D (A : groupement électro-attracteur, p : lien conjugué, D : groupement électro-donneur). Des études de relation structure-propriétés photophysiques impliquant des modulations sur chacune des sous-structures (groupements A et D, lien p-conjugué) ont été réalisées puis étudiées en UV et en fluorescence. Suite à l’obtention de ces premiers résultats, des mesures d’absorption à deux photons ont été effectuées sur ces fluorophores.Dans un second temps, les fluorophores ont été modifiés afin de greffer des parties hydrophiles. Des propriétés photophysiques encourageantes ont été obtenues et des premiers tests en imagerie bi-photonique ont été réalisés.L’insertion du fluor radiomarqué est envisagée via l’insertion d’un groupement –BF2. Pour cela des structures chélatantes, « mimes de BODIPY », incorporant une pyrimidine ou un triazole ont été élaborées. Des premiers essais ont été conduits mais n’ont pas permis l’obtention des composés borés correspondants
The purpose of this subject has been the synthesis of a bimodal probe using TPA–PET techniques for a potential application in biological imaging.In this context, we have synthesized a new range of A–π –D fluorophores incorporating diazine (p-deficient heterocycle) as electron-withdrawing moiety, N,N-dimethylaniline as electron-donating part and fluorene as p-conjugated linker. In order to increase the conjugation along the scaffold, ethynyl and/or triazole bridges have been introduced on both sides of the fluorene. The UV/Vis and photoluminescence properties have been measured. Further to those results two-photon absorption cross-section of our fluorophores (dTPA) has been obtained. Following these promising results, hydrophilic compounds using PEG groups have been prepared and photoluminescence properties have been carried out. In order to use the boron center as a site for radiofluorination, the synthesis of "BODIPY-like" probes has been considered. A new series of pyrimidine and triazole ligand have been synthesized but the corresponding boron complexes haven’t been obtained
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Handschin, Charles. "Spectroscopie EUV résolue temporellement à l'échelle femtoseconde par imagerie de vecteur vitesse et génération d'harmoniques d'ordres élevés." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944627.

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Cette thèse fait l'étude expérimentale de dynamiques de relaxations ultrarapides au sein d'atomes et de molécules (Ar, NO2, C2H2). Les méthodes expérimentales qui sont utilisées sont basées sur l'interaction d'un rayonnement laser avec le système atomique ou moléculaire étudié et font intervenir le processus de génération d'harmoniques d'ordres élevés, ainsi que la spectrométrie d'imagerie de vecteur vitesse. Au cours de cette thèse, deux approchesexpérimentales de type pompe-sonde ont été mises en œuvre. Une première approche exploitela sensibilité du processus de génération d'harmoniques à la structure électronique dumilieu pour la sonder. Cette méthode a été utilisée sur la molécule de dioxyde d'azote pourobserver sa relaxation électronique à travers l'intersection conique des états X2A1-A2B2suite à une excitation autour de 400 nm. Une seconde approche utilise le rayonnementharmonique comme source de photons dans le domaine de l'extrême ultraviolet (EUV)pour exciter ou sonder les espèces d'intérêt. Cette approche a été couplée avec l'utilisationd'un spectromètre d'imagerie de vecteur vitesse (VMIS), qui a été développé durant lathèse. Des expériences menées sur un système modèle comme l'argon ont permis de validerle dispositif expérimental, qui a ensuite été mis en application pour étudier la photodissociationde la molécule d'acétylène, après excitation autour de 9,3 eV du complexe deRydberg 3d-4s. Les deux méthodes mises en œuvre permettent toutes-deux de réaliserdes études dynamiques résolues en temps à l'échelle femtoseconde.
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9

Ge, Xunyou. "Imagerie ultrarapide à l’échelle nanométrique par diffraction XUV cohérente." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112361/document.

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Анотація:
Imager des objets non-périodiques à une échelle nanométrique et à une échelle femto seconde est un vrai challenge à notre époque. Les techniques d’imagerie « sans lentille » sont des moyens puissants pour répondre à ce besoin. En utilisant des sources ultrarapide (~fs) et cohérente (ex. laser à électron libre ou harmoniques d’ordres élevés), ces techniques nous permettent de reconstruire des objets à partir de leur figure de diffraction, remplaçant les optiques conventionnelles du système d’imagerie par un algorithme informatique. Dans ce travail de thèse, je présent des expériences d’imageries en utilisant un rayonnement extrême-UV (15~40 nm) produit par la génération d’harmoniques d’ordre élevé d’un laser infrarouge puissant. Ce manuscrit est constitué d’une introduction, un chapitre de background théorique, trois chapitres de travail de thèse et une conclusion générale avec perspectives. La première partie du travail de thèse porte sur les développements et caractérisations de la ligne de lumière avec l’objectif de générer maximum de photons harmoniques cohérents avec un front d’onde plat. La deuxième partie est consacrée aux expériences et analyses de trois techniques d’imageries « sans lentille » : Imagerie par diffraction cohérente (CDI), Holographie par la transformée de Fourier (FTH) et Holographie avec références étendues (HERALDO). Ces derniers nous permettent de reconstruire des objets avec une résolution spatiale de 78 nm dans le cas de CDI et de 112 nm dans le cas de HERALDO, tous les deux avec une résolution temporaire de 20 fs. La troisième partie est une première application physique de l’imagerie sur la ligne harmonique. Il s’agit des études statiques et dynamiques de nano-domaines magnétique avec une résolution spatiale sub-100 nm à l’échelle femto seconde. Perspective des techniques d’imagerie 3D et développement potentiel de la ligne d’harmoniques sont présentés à la fin
Ultrafast imaging of isolated objects with nanometric spatial resolution is a great challenge in our time. The lensless imaging techniques have shown great potential to answer this challenge. In lensless imaging, one can reconstruct sample images from their diffraction patterns with computational algorithms, which replace the conventional lens systems. Using ultrafast and coherent light sources, such as free electron laser and high order harmonics, one can investigate dynamic phenomena at the femtosecond time scale. In this thesis work, I present the lenless imaging experiments using XUV radiation provided by a laser driven high order harmonic beamline. The manuscript is composed of an introduction, a chapter of theoretical background, three chapters of main research work and a general conclusion with perspectives. The first part of this work concerns the development of the harmonic beamline to optimize the illumination condition for lensless imaging. The second part concentrates on the imaging techniques: the Coherent Diffraction Imaging (CDI), the Fourier Transform Holography (FTH) and the Holography using extended references (HERALDO). The reconstructions have achieved 78 nm spatial resolution in case of CDI and 112 nm resolution in case of HERALDO, both in single-shot regime corresponding to a temporal resolution of 20 fs. The third part presents the first physical application on the harmonic beamline using the lensless imaging. Samples with magnetic nano-domains have been studied with sub-100 nm spatial resolution, which paves the way for ultrafast magnetic dynamic studies. At the end, single-shot 3D imaging and further beamline development have been discussed
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Ruiz, de galarreta fanjul Claudia. "Conception et réalisation des performances d'un spectro-imageur à transformée de Fourier dans l'UV lointain (IFTSUV)." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112051.

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L’origine et l’évolution des différentes structures qui peuplent l’au-delà de la photosphère du Soleil, ainsi que les processus qui interviennent dans la dynamique et le chauffage de sa couronne demeurent de nos jours assez peu compris. L’inextricable complexité inhérente aux phénomènes physiques qui gouvernent l’atmosphère externe solaire s’accompagne de l’absence de données adaptées au besoin scientifique. En effet, l’interprétation et la modélisation des « mécanismes » qui raccordent les échanges entre la chromosphère et la couronne dépendent de paramètres d’observation critiques. Il est par exemple essentiel de pouvoir mesurer de larges bandes de températures et densités verticales s’adaptant aux multiples échelles spatiales et temporelles caractéristiques des différents évènements qui se déroulent dans le Soleil. La compréhension de la dynamique des plasmas repose aussi sur l’analyse Doppler de la scène observée. Ceci implique notamment la capacité de combiner des techniques de spectroscopie et d’imagerie simultanément dans le temps. Pour la couronne, le passage à l’UV spatial est incontournable, et relève d’un véritable défi technique. Malgré les excellents progrès technologiques, l’étude UV du Soleil est une science relativement récente, et aucune mission spatiale solaire n’a pu fournir jusqu’à présent une spectro-imagerie combinée et simultanée dans le domaine spectral qui nous intéresse. C’est pour répondre à cette attente que l’étude d’un nouveau dispositif appelé IFTSUV (abréviation de Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer working in the far UV), est présentée dans cette recherche. Malgré l’absence de missions d’opportunité dans l’horizon proche, les travaux de thèse se sont déroulés suivant le plan de l’action R&T du CNES R-S11/OT-0004-040, concernant la définition d’un spectro-imageur à transformée de Fourier dans l’UV lointain, et la réalisation en laboratoire d’un démonstrateur de métrologie dédié, pierre angulaire de la faisabilité technique de l’instrument. Ainsi, partant de la détermination du besoin scientifique et de la justification du choix technique, le premier objectif de cette étude est de concevoir un modèle instrumental préliminaire complet de l’IFTSUV. La spécification technique est fondée sur le calcul de dimensionnement et l’évaluation théorique des spécifications en termes de précision spectrale, qualité de l’image et rapport signal sur bruit. A travers l’identification des points durs, la réalisation d’une métrologie d’asservissement du miroir d’échantillonnage apparait tout naturellement, comme un besoin intrinsèque de la validation du concept. En effet, l’acquisition de l’interférogramme doit se faire de manière rigoureusement constante et le pas d’échantillonnage doit être connu avec une grande exactitude, car il fixe les nombres d’onde pour lesquels les spectres bruts sont calculés. Le maquettage d’une solution métrologique constitue donc le deuxième objectif de ce travail. L’architecture optique mise en place a été choisie afin de satisfaire les besoins de stabilité angulaire (< 2.5 μrad) et de précision linéaire (< 8 nm) discernés, et testée en laboratoire. Les résultats sur la maquette valident le concept, même si ses performances s’éloignent des prédictions théoriques. L’évaluation expérimentale des performances permet d’établir des solutions aux problèmes rencontrés qui convergent vers l’optimisation et le prototypage d’un système pouvant être intégré dans une application spatiale
The origin and evolution of the different structures that inhabit beyond the Sun’s photosphere, as well as the processes involved in the dynamics and the heating of the corona remain quite unknown. The inextricable complexity of the physical phenomena that govern the solar outer atmosphere is accompanied by the lack of suitable data adapted to the scientific need. Indeed, the interpretation and the models of the mechanisms that connect the exchanges between the chromosphere and the corona depend on critical observational parameters. It is for example essential to measure broad bands of vertical temperature and density ranges that fit the multiple spatial and temporal scales that are characteristic of the different events that take place in the Sun. The understanding of the dynamics of the plasma must be also based on the Doppler analysis of the observed scene. That implies the ability to combine time resolved spectroscopic and imaging technologies. Moreover, space is the place to observe the far UV corona and that implies a real technical challenge. Despite excellent advances in technology and instrumentation, the study of the Sun in the far UV is a fairly recent. To date, no solar space mission could provide a combined and simultaneous diagnostic of both observable in the spectral range of interest. It is because of these expectations that the study of a new device called IFTSUV (the acronym of Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer working in the far UV) is presented in this research. Despite the lack of opportunity missions on the near horizon, these thesis works have been conducted thanks to the R&D funding R-S11/OT-0004-040 from the CNES, concerning either the definition of an imaging Fourier transform spectrometer in the far UV, or the realization of a laboratory metrology demonstrator that is the cornerstone of the instrument’s feasibility. Thus, starting from the definition of the scientific requirements that lead to the technical choice, the first objective of this study is to develop a preliminary instrumental model of the IFTSUV. The overall technical and design specifications are based in theoreticalcalculations that have been expressed in terms of spectral accuracy, image quality and signal to noise ratio. Throughout the identification of difficult points, the realization of a servo-metrology system dedicated to the sampling mirror appears naturally as an intrinsic need of proof of concept. Indeed, the wavenumbers from the raw spectra are set by the interferogram. That implies that acquisition must be rigorously constant and that the sampling steps must be known with high accuracy. The mockup of a metrological solution is therefore the second objective of this work. The optical breadboard architecture under test has been chosen to meet the needs of angular stability (< 2.5 μrad) and linear accuracy (< 8 nm). The results on the demonstrator validate the concept even if its performances are away from the theoretical predictions. The experimental performance evaluation is used to establish solutions to the instrumental problems encountered. That converge to the optimization and prototyping of a system that could be integrated in a space based application
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Частини книг з теми "UV-EUV Imaging and spectroscopy"

1

Zhdanova, Nadezhda, and Eugene A. Shirshin. "Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Crystalline Conformational Changes Under UV-Radiation." In Biophotonics: Spectroscopy, Imaging, Sensing, and Manipulation, 401. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9977-8_37.

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2

Gómez de Castro, Ana I., Jesús Maíz, Pablo Rodriguez, Maite Gómez, Juan A. Larruquert, José A. Méndez, Tomas Belenguer, Victor Rodrigo-Gudiel, Fátima López-Martínez, and Paola Sestito. "The imaging and slitless spectroscopy instrument for surveys (ISSIS) for the world space observatory-ultraviolet (WSO-UV)." In UV Astronomy 2011, 283–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2573-7_40.

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3

Harrison, Richard A. "EUV and UV imaging and spectroscopy from space." In Payload and Mission Definition in Space Sciences, 125–84. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511550591.005.

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4

Lawton, B., and G. Klingenberg. "Laser-Based Methods Of Temperature Measurement." In Transient Temperature in Engineering and Science, 348–76. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198562603.003.0007.

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Abstract With the advent of laser sources, laser spectroscopy developed as a novel diagnostic tool for studying temperature and species concentration in combustion and flow. Laser techniques are particularly promising when they are combined with modem sensors and computer analysis. Recent experimental demonstrations have shown the potential of Raman processes including spontaneous, resonant, coherent, and stimulated radiation, and of laser florescence techniques. The main applications have been to the study of laboratory flames. For example, the advent of UV lasers enabled the development of pulsed Raman imaging techniques which, in combination with gated multichannel detectors measure simultaneously the temperature and species concentration with adequate spatial and temporal resolution in a two-dimensional plane through the event. Planar imaging of the flame developing during spark-ignition engine combustion has also been successfully demonstrated using UV, Rayleigh, and fluorescence radiation.
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5

Kaur, Hardeep, and Shinar Athwal. "Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices for Pesticide Detection." In Advances in MEMS and Microfluidic Systems, 126–52. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6952-1.ch007.

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The µ-PADs have been acknowledged as an efficient analytical platform to monitor and detect various contaminants present in the environment. Paper-based devices have always been a choice raw material for several technologies as they aid in developing biodegradable, cost-effective, and readily available units with easily driven and changeable flow rates, and the ability to store reagents. In comparison to conventional analytical systems such as capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas and liquid mass spectroscopy, the use of µ-PADs brings more significant results in pesticide detection. This chapter discussed the strategies that are commonly used to detect pesticides which are double-catalytic amplification, UV-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, ratiometric fluorescence imaging (based on wavelength intensities to detect variation in the native environment), electrochemical sensing, electrospray ionization, and competitive-inhibiting reaction.
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6

Rai, Sarita. "Biomedical applications of green synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles." In Materials Research Foundations, 173–96. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644903261-7.

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Nanotechnology has emerged as a pivotal domain in the realm of science and technology, finding diverse applications across electronics, imaging, industry, and healthcare. In the healthcare sector, nanotechnology has proven instrumental in disease diagnostics, treatment, drug delivery, and the formulation of innovative pharmaceuticals. Among the myriad nanoparticles (NPs), Cerium Oxide (CeO2) NPs stand out due to their distinctive surface chemistry, robust stability, and biocompatibility. Recent advancements have witnessed the synthesis of CeO2 NPs through various bio-directed methods, leveraging natural and organic matrices as stabilizing agents. This approach aims to create biocompatible CeO2 NPs, thereby addressing safety concerns and establishing conducive conditions for their efficacious utilization in biomedicine. In the pursuit of green synthesis, CeO2 NPs have been successfully generated using plant extracts, microbial organisms, and other biological derivatives. Plants have proven to be a highly efficient source owing to their abundance, inherent safety, and rich reservoir of reducing and stabilizing agents. Different parts of plants, including leaves, flowers, and stems, have been harnessed for synthesizing CeO2 NPs, with a predominant focus on leaves in existing green synthesis studies. Characterization of the synthesized NPs has been accomplished through various techniques such as UV spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Thermal methods (TG/DTA), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) techniques. The applications of CeO2 NPs across diverse biological fields have been explored and discussed in this context.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "UV-EUV Imaging and spectroscopy"

1

DiBattista, Michael, Robert Chivas, Jonathan Sheeder, Scott Silverman, and Henry Beaulieu. "Large Area Circuit Delayering from the Backside Using Chemically Assisted Focused Ion Beam Sputtering with Optical Metrology Feedback." In ISTFA 2024, 454–59. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2024p0454.

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Abstract Advanced node semiconductor reverse engineering has always demanded cutting-edge techniques to cleanly extract the key structural information from the integrated circuit (IC) design. Core circuit edit technologies such as taking a backside wafer approach, employing scanning focused ion beam (FIB) recipes, optimized chemical delivery, and endpoint technology based on ultraviolet (UV) photon spectroscopy can play an important role in success. Once delayered, the IC's structural layers can be subjected to high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging. A new tool has been developed that incorporates these capabilities for dedicated IC delayering. These capabilities allow for the visualization of individual layers, transistors, interconnects, and other critical elements at nanometer-scale resolution, unveiling valuable insights into the IC's design and functionality.
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2

Coene, Wim M. J., Yifeng Shao, Sven Weerdenburg, Sander Senhorst, Roland C. Horsten, Hendrik P. Urbach, Jacob Seifert, and Allard P. Mosk. "EUV imaging of nanostructures without lenses." In UV and Higher Energy Photonics: From Materials to Applications 2024, edited by Gilles Lérondel, Yong-Hoon Cho, and Atsushi Taguchi, 19. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3028711.

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3

Valentini, Gianluca, Matteo Corti, Fabrizio Preda, Antonio Perri, Marta Ghirardello, Dario Polli, Ondřej Ballada, et al. "Spectroscopic imaging from UV to thermal IR." In Imaging Systems and Applications, IM1G.1. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/isa.2024.im1g.1.

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A class of hyperspectral imaging systems operating on an extremely wide spectral range has been developed based on a new compact and reliable interferometer. The systems are portable and feature high throughput and low noise.
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4

Hmiel, A. F. "UV Induced Material Degradation." In Applied Industrial Optics: Spectroscopy, Imaging and Metrology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aio.2013.ath2a.2.

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Gull, Theodore R., Michael E. Van Steenberg, George Sonneborn, H. Warren Moos, and William P. Blair. "Imaging UV∕Visible Spectroscopy: Is there a Future?" In FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY: A Conference Inspired by the Accomplishments of the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Mission. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3154075.

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Windt, David L. "EUV multilayer coatings for solar imaging and spectroscopy." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Silvano Fineschi and Judy Fennelly. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2188230.

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Gorti, Viswanath, and Francisco E. Robles. "Deep-UV microscopy as a tool to capture intracellular dynamics." In Multiscale Imaging and Spectroscopy IV, edited by Kristen C. Maitland, Darren M. Roblyer, and Paul J. Campagnola. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2648515.

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Millard, A., P. Lemaire, and J. C. Vial. "Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer in UV for the next solar space missions." In Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fts.2005.ftuc3.

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9

Robles, Francisco E. "Label-free multiscale dynamic imaging using 3D phase contrast and deep UV microscopy." In Multiscale Imaging and Spectroscopy III, edited by Kristen C. Maitland, Darren M. Roblyer, and Paul J. Campagnola. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2617118.

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Wachulak, Przemyslaw, Andrzej Bartnik, and Henryk Fiedorowicz. "Lab-scale EUV nano-imaging employing a gas-puff-target source: image quality versus plasma radiation characteristics." In Short-Wavelength Imaging and Spectroscopy, edited by Davide Bleiner. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2006090.

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