Готові списки джерел за темами / Urban Retrofit Design

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Urban Retrofit Design"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Urban Retrofit Design"

Ulu, Meltem, and Zeynep Durmuş Arsan. "Retrofit Strategies for Energy Efficiency of Historic Urban Fabric in Mediterranean Climate." Atmosphere 11, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070742.

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Energy-efficient retrofitting of historic housing stock requires methodical approach, in-depth analysis and case-specific regulatory system, yet only limited efforts have been realized. In large scale rehabilitation projects, it is essential to develop a retrofit strategy on how to decide energy-efficient solutions for buildings providing the most energy saving in a short time. This paper presents a pilot study conducted at a neighborhood scale, consisting of 22 pre-, early-republican and contemporary residential buildings in a historic urban fabric in the Mediterranean climate. This study aims to develop an integrated approach to describe case-specific solutions for larger scale historic urban fabric. It covers the building performance simulation (BPS) model and numerical analysis to determine the most related design parameters affecting annual energy consumption. All the case buildings were classified into three main groups to propose appropriate retrofit solutions in different impact categories. Retrofit solutions were gathered into two retrofit packages, Package 1 and 2, and separately, three individual operational solutions were determined, considering a five-levelled assessment criteria of EN 16883:2017 Standard. Energy classes of case buildings were calculated based on National Building Energy Regulations. Changes in building classes were evaluated considering pre- and post-retrofit status of the buildings. For the integrated approach, the most related design parameters on annual energy consumption were specified through Pearson correlation analysis. The approach indicated that three buildings, representing each building group, can initially be retrofitted. For all buildings, while maximum energy saving was provided by Package 2 with 48.57%, minimum energy saving was obtained from Package 1 with 19.8%.

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Aleksandrova, Ksenia I., Wendy J. McWilliam, and Andreas Wesener. "Status and Future Directions for Residential Street Infrastructure Retrofit Research." Urban Science 3, no. 2 (May 3, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci3020049.

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Residential streets, particularly in automobile-dependent suburban locations, have frequently been perceived as ecologically unsustainable, antisocial, unhealthy, and aesthetically dull from an urban design perspective. However, residential streets can be improved through infrastructure retrofits, particularly by combining green and grey infrastructures and integrating various functions and services. Using a systematic literature review and an adapted landscape services framework, the paper analyses the status of retrofit research and discusses existing composition and spatial integration of green, grey, and green-grey street infrastructure. Findings suggest changing infrastructure compositions in residential streets and a trend toward increased grey and green-grey infrastructure integration. However, functional connectivity is often lacking, and while barriers to implementation have been suggested, few have been tested. While retrofits are potentially able to increase the number and quality of landscape services that support human well-being, more—and possibly longitudinal—research is required to advance and analyze their implementation and provide evidence for their success.

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Oppong, R. A., and M. Masahudu. "Exploration of building adaptations and retrofitting challenges in Ghana." Structural Survey 32, no. 5 (November 4, 2014): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ss-12-2013-0041.

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Purpose – The Ghanaian banking industry has over the last 20 years witnessed tremendous growth to the extent that rural banks are now expanding their activities into urban centres. Hitherto, rural banks operated in rural and peri-urban areas in Ghana, but nowadays, there is an upsurge of rural banks activities in the urban centres of Ghana; and, they operate from rented premises, most of which are existing buildings in the urban areas. To meet the banking demands and the urban banking competitions such as the introduction of new technologies and regulations, the rural banks endeavour to expand (refurbish) the old/existing buildings with inherent adaptation and retrofitting challenges. Even though, adaptation and retrofit projects may not be popular in Ghana at large scales, this paper through combined methodology of constructive dialogue, case studies and condition survey approaches presents rural banks projects in Ghana as case studies of refurbishment and maintenance to “unearth” and resonate some key challenges of managing adaptation and retrofits in Ghana for future effective projects management solutions during their conception and execution. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Through combined methodology of constructive dialogue, case studies and condition survey approaches this paper presents rural banks projects in Ghana as case studies of refurbishment and maintenance to “unearth” and resonate some key challenges of adaptation and retrofit projects. Findings – The condition survey revealed unprecedented infrastructural drive by rural banks throughout Ghana and their desire to penetrate the urban areas as well. However, this drive unfortunately as it appeared, is not informed and carried out within the confines and dictates of existing legislations in Ghana. Again, it was found that adaptations and retrofitting will improve and integrate the rural banks in the urban economy through prudent project management practices. Research limitations/implications – Availability of local researches and literature on adaptations and retrofitting as project management practices in Ghana. Practical implications – Retrofitting and adaptation projects in Ghana is crucial for project management practices on low-impact building as Ghana faces energy challenges. Social implications – This research brings to bear realistic programme to build capacity of personnel to strategically integrate the rural banks into the central banking system of Ghana as well as project management practices through better and effective monitoring for social, ethical and equity impacts of their project managers. Originality/value – Apparently, adaptation and retrofit projects are not be popular in Ghana at large scales and this is the first time an academic paper of a kind has been written to guide and manage future adaptation and retrofit projects during their conception and execution as well as project management practices in general.

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Zhou, Bai Ling, and En Tian Qie. "A Research on Energy Conservation of Existing Residential Buildings in “Urban Village”." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.239.

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In this paper, energy-saving ideas based on the “actual conditions” were proposed and the “actual condition” access method was presented. It provided reasonable reference for energy efficiency analysis and retrofit design for this kind of building of Urban Village in Wuhan.

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Oladunjoye, Oluwayemi, David Proverbs, and Hong Xiao. "Retrofitting Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS): A Cost-Benefit Analysis Appraisal." Water 14, no. 16 (August 16, 2022): 2521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14162521.

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Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) are known to help mitigate flooding whilst simultaneously delivering other positive outcomes, such as the provision of environmental, economic, educational, and business benefits. Despite this, there has been a relatively low uptake of SuDS in new developments and even less of an uptake in the opportunities for retrofitting SuDS in existing buildings. A major barrier to uptake has been a lack of understanding regarding the value of the benefits provided by SuDS. This study presents an appraisal of the costs and benefits derived from the retrofitting of SuDS in existing buildings and reveals some of the key decision-making considerations during the design and installation of such schemes. A qualitative research approach that included a number of case studies of successfully retrofitted SuDS schemes within public buildings was conducted. A novel feature of the research was the use of the Willingness to Pay (WTP) approach to value the tangible and intangible benefits provided by the various schemes from the perspectives of the property owners. The findings revealed that the retrofit provided a net value to the client of over £100,000 over 10 years, a mean CBA ratio of 5.3/10, and a return on investment (ROI) that would be achieved in less than 3 years. The importance of stakeholder engagement during the decision-making process was highlighted in helping to overcome many of the design, installation, and maintenance challenges. The findings demonstrate a significant ROI for these SuDs retrofit schemes and highlight useful approaches to overcoming the barriers in valuing the importance of the intangible benefits. In supporting the uptake of the retrofitting of SuDS, it is recommended that these benefits are given full consideration by property owners, urban planners, and architects during the design of retrofit schemes and throughout the decision-making stage.

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Morris, Robert L., and Angela O'Callaghan*. "Landscape Retrofit: Redesigning Desert Landscapes." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 839A—839. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.839a.

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The Las Vegas Valley receives most of its water from the Colorado River due to a static federal water allocation the remainder from pumping groundwater. The increased water demand due to the population rise in the Las Vegas Valley is expected to overtake its current water allocation in the next few years. Over 60% of the potable water used in the Las Vegas valley is used to irrigate urban landscapes. Poorly designed desert landscapes can ultimately use more water than traditional landscapes and increase residential energy costs. Most of the desert landscaping currently installed by homeowners either ignores principles that conserve water or conserve energy. The program was designed to be used with homeowner associations and commercial landscapers. The residential homeowner proved to be the most responsive to this type of program. The overall goal of this program is to teach residents how to convert a high water use landscape to lower water use and reduce dependence on potable water for irrigation and still maintain high quality landscapes. In 1995, a 7-week, hands-on, landscape design curriculum was developed and used to teach homeowners how to create desert landscape designs that conserve water and energy and compared its water use to traditional, turfgrass landscapes. Participants leave the course with a finished design of their making with information on how to install the landscape themselves or how to hire a professional to do the installation. In 1996-97 a Master Gardener was taught and mentored how to teach the class in Las Vegas using the existing curriculum. Since 1995, over 500 residents have been trained and water use savings documented by the existing water purveyors. This program is self-funded through class fees.

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Ismaeil, Esam M. H., and Abu Elnasr E. Sobaih. "Assessing Xeriscaping as a Retrofit Sustainable Water Consumption Approach for a Desert University Campus." Water 14, no. 11 (May 24, 2022): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14111681.

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Assessing water usage associated with urban green infrastructure is crucial for water resource management and sustainable planning of desert campus areas. A public university campus layout in the desert region is considered an urban city subject to urban water consumption (UWC) of significant intensity and extent, even though the urban layout is essential to all campus occupants’ comfort and environmental sustainability needs. Hence, there is a need to reduce its detrimental effects through sustainable methods for campus water content. This study focuses on assessing urban xeriscaping landscape quantities as a practical potential approach to support university campus decision-makers in reducing urban water consumption and preserving the urban campus water content as asset management and life quality. Four selected landscape field experiments were undertaken by adopting xeriscaping landscape design instead of existing conventional urban design at King Faisal University’s (KFU) campus layout, Al-Ahsaa, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. The study built a specific practical sustainability retrofit approach in water conservation from conventional to xeriscaping method inside the existing public desert campus area. Applying the study approach framework considering xeriscaping layout design provided sustainability requirements, retrofit approach, and pathway to effective landscape mapping, based on reasonable and accurate quantities of xeriscaping landscape items, to convert the KFU campus layout as a low water consumption campus with an average reduction of 41% water consumption within the remaining campus layout. The results of this study contribute to the water conservation and management in university desert campus and opens the door for other studies on the use of this approach for thermal reduction, economic and environmental benefits beside its value for water reduction.

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Bholey, Mihir. "SMART CITIES AND SUSTAINABLE URBANISM: A STUDY FROM POLICY AND DESIGN PERSPECTIVE." Scholedge International Journal of Multidisciplinary & Allied Studies ISSN 2394-336X 4, no. 6 (July 5, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.19085/journal.sijmas040601.

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This paper examines India’s foray into building hundred smart cities from multiple perspectives viz. urban challenges, urban policies, sustainable urbanism, emerging global models and design and technology intervention. It also evaluates the relative challenges of building new smart cities like Masdar or Songdo and applying smart interventions to retrofit the aging and ailing urban infrastructure of the existing Indian cities. Based on the data from the secondary sources it examines the priority areas and the possibilities of making smart intervention through use of appropriate technology and design. While doing so, it brings into discussion India’s urban challenges and its policy of urban development over the years besides the recurring development deficit. Today, Indian cities are faced with huge infrastructure deficit which reflects in their performance and service delivery. The imperative to ensure urban rejuvenation now reflects in the recent policy of creating hundred smart cities in India. This paper also discusses howtechnology and design interventions at appropriate levels canaugment urban infrastructure and make a sustainable urban eco-system called smart city.

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Kazemi, F., S. Beecham, and B. Myers. "WATER QUALITY EFFECTS OF A WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN RETROFIT IN AN URBAN STREETSCAPE IN ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 999 (June 2013): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2013.999.46.

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Chapa, Fernando, María Perez Rubi, and Jochen Hack. "A Systematic Assessment for the Co-Design of Green Infrastructure Prototypes—A Case Study in Urban Costa Rica." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 30, 2023): 2478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032478.

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The management of urban water has evolved from single-function systems to more sustainable designs promoting society and nature as inputs to engineer novel infrastructure. In transdisciplinary research, co-design refers to a design-thinking strategy in which people jointly frame a problem–solution. This article presents a conceptual framework to assess a case study focusing on the process of co-design and implementation of green infrastructure as a prototype for urban stormwater management. The evaluation is carried out from a self-reflective post-implementation perspective. Research activities are translated into the framework to evaluate conditions shaping the trajectory of the prototype development. As a result, key aspects driving the transdisciplinary research regarding levels of stakeholder participation and dimensions of power are identified. Planning resilient co-design strategies to retrofit urban spaces is necessary to avoid unintended consequences, especially at initial experimental stages. This study aims to contribute to the continuous improvement of piloting strategies in urban spaces by providing a framework for a structured evaluation of transdisciplinary research experiences.

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Дисертації з теми "Urban Retrofit Design"

Swan, Andrew D. "A decision-support system for the design of retrofit sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS)." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3635/.

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Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) is a generic term that refers to various measures aimed at minimising surface runoff (and consequent flooding and pollution problems) from urban catchments. SUDS technologies include local infiltration, storage and storm-water re-use devices. Although there is considerable international evidence of the successful incorporation of SUDS technologies in new developments, there is very little indication of the extent to which they represent a viable rehabilitation option for retrofit applications to problem urban catchments in the UK. It is believed that uncertainties about the design, hydraulic performance and cost of retrofit SUDS schemes, as well as some regulatory issues, have prevented UK engineers from exploiting the full potential of this approach. This thesis presents two case studies in which retrofit SUDS have been evaluated against 'conventional' (i. e. in-sewer) drainage rehabilitation schemes. The case studies relate to the City of Leeds in Northern England, UK. In both cases it was found that SUDS technologies were viable, both in terms of hydraulic performance criteria (number and volume of CSO spills or flooding events) and in terms of comparative construction costs. Novel procedures were developed for evaluating hydraulic performance and SUDS scheme costings. The identification of the most cost-effective from all feasible SUDS technologies for a given location is not straightforward. This thesis, therefore, proposes a design methodology for retrofit SUDS. The methodology comprises a decision making model (flow chart) that indicates whether SUDS-based approaches are likely to be viable, and cost-effective for a particular application. The flow charts make reference to SUDS design criteria (such as land-take, slope and infiltration capacity) and regulatory constraints (such as Building Regulations and local groundwater protection policies). Fundamental to the flow charts arc hierarchies that characterise urban surface type, the treatment train concept, the disposal mechanism, and cost.

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Irani, Ali M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Urban building energy modeling and retrofit design as a means to inform effective public policy : Boston case study." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106407.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 41-42).
Residential buildings use upwards of 20% of the total energy consumed annually in the United States. This, coupled with the desire to reduce overall utility costs and improve occupant comfort on the part of residents, places cities, as the main catalyst for local energy policy, at the forefront of the drive for a more sustainable built environment. This thesis seeks to explore the potential savings associated with energy retrofits in selected neighborhoods in the city of Boston, by developing a comprehensive urban energy model and implementing two retrofit strategies. As part of the methodology, this thesis will combine GIS data with building construction, use, and equipment data to develop a quick, accurate, and adaptable energy simulation model. By combining the findings of the simulation with socio-economic indicators such as income level and ownership type, this thesis will examine how to best implement the selected building retrofit strategies. Of particular interest, is the idea of an annual adoption rate for a particular strategy and the perceived effects of socio-economic indicators on the actual adoption. Ultimately, the findings of this thesis will enable a thoughtful discussion of the effective implementation of public policy and serve as a guide for further investigations focusing on the demographics of urban energy use.
by Ali Irani.
S.B.

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Zhu, Dongrui. "Glass Curtain Wall Retrofit Through Modular Kinetic Facade To Design Safe, Energy Efficient, Sustainable Urban Office High-rise Facade." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1617108007657155.

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Isliefson, Diana. "Protocols for pre-design assessment of greywater reuse retrofit in urban redevelopment, an opportunity/constraint analysis method for existing buildings." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0025/MQ32143.pdf.

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Smith, Kerry W. S. "Development of a transitioning approach to reduce surface water volumes in combined sewer systems." Thesis, Abertay University, 2016. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/b7c5021f-2efe-421a-b32f-0ac3161fc511.

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The overarching goal of this research is to establish a successful forum for a transition from the existing paradigm of managing wastewater infrastructure to a more sustainable paradigm that achieves a more efficient utilisation of wastewater assets. A transitioning approach to support a more efficient utilisation of surface water and wastewater assets and infrastructure is proposed and developed. The determined transitioning approach possesses key stages namely developing the arena, developing the agenda, case study, and monitoring. The case study stage investigates a drainage utility identifying their improvement drivers, the removal of surface water through detailed drainage modelling and the financial examination of the costs incurred under the various scenarios conducted. Understanding the implications of removing/attenuating surface water from the network is improved through obtaining data by detailed drainage modelling. Infoworks software is used to investigate and assess the current and future operational scenarios of a wastewater system operating over one calendar year. Modelling scenarios were conducted removing surface water from selected areas focusing on the volumes requiring pumping and durations of pumping station(s) operation prior to treatment during storm conditions. The financial implication of removing surface water in combined sewer systems is examined in three main components. Firstly the costs of electricity incurred at the single sewage pumping station (SPS) investigated during the various scenarios modelled require to be addressed. Secondly the costs to retrofit sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) solutions needs to be identified. Thirdly the implications of removing surface water for the drainage utility at the national level and the potential saving for householder’s committing to a surface water disconnection rebate scheme. When addressed at the macro level i.e., with over 2,100 pumping stations, some operating in sequence and contained within one drainage utility annually treating 315,360 megalitres the significance of the same multiple quantifiable and intangible benefits becomes amplified. The research aims, objectives and findings are presented to the identified and convened stakeholders. The transitioning approach developed encourages positive discourse between stakeholders. The level of success of the transitioning approach determined is then tested using a quantitative methodology through the completion of questionnaires. From the questionnaires completed the respondents unanimously agreed that surface water flows should be removed as well as reduced from the combined sewer system. The respondents agreed that the removal of surface water from a typical combined sewer system is justified by applying a transitioning approach focusing on the energy consumption required to pump increased volumes during storm events. This response is significant based upon the economic evidence and is contrary to the respondents previous position that finance was their most influencing factor. When provided with other potentially available benefits the respondents were even more supportive of the justification to remove surface water from the combined sewer system. The combined findings of the work presented in this thesis provide further justification that the transitioning approach applied to the removal of surface water from a typical combined sewer system, as determined in this research has been successful.

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Nasrin, Tasnim. "Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) Strategies to Mitigate the Impacts of Intense Rainfall on the Sanitary Sewer Network Performance." Thesis, 2018. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/37838/.

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Short duration intense rainfall causes an increase in rainfall derived infiltration and inflow (RDII) in aging sewer networks, which leads to Sanitary Sewer Overflows (SSOs). This, in turn, causes various detrimental impacts, both on human health and the environment. This research aims to quantify the benefits of Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) approaches to mitigate the negative impacts of rainfall induced SSOs. In this context, this research develops a generalised framework for assessing and mitigating the impacts of intense rainfall on the performance of the sanitary sewer network. The first part of the developed framework involves detailed hydraulic modelling to evaluate the performance of the sewer network. The second part deals with the development of SSO mitigation strategies based on popular WSUD approaches. This study also demonstrates the application of the developed framework for a case study catchment in Melbourne, Australia. A detailed hydraulic modelling to analyse the performance of the case study sewer network during a wet (2010) and a dry year (2008) has been presented. The hydraulic performance analysis found that the system experienced 23 ML of sewer overflow volume in 2010 as compared to 3.42 ML in 2008. Towards mitigating the negative impacts of SSOs, this study has implemented two commonly used WSUD approaches, namely rainwater tanks and rain gardens for the case study sewer network. A detailed hydraulic modelling has been undertaken with rainwater tanks and rain gardens (individually and in combination) for the wet year 2010. It was observed that rainwater tanks (individually) could lead to a maximum reduction in SSO volume by 33% when compared to the base case overflow volume of 23 ML. A higher reduction in SSO volume up to a maximum of 45% was observed when rain gardens were implemented in conjunction with rainwater tanks. Such an analysis will benefit the urban water authorities to develop sustainable WSUD based mitigation strategies for controlling SSOs in their sewer system. Thus, the study will be beneficial for the community and the environment.

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Книги з теми "Urban Retrofit Design"

Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings, Communities, and Urban Centers. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2016-0-02074-0.

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Krarti, Moncef. Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings, Communities, and Urban Centers. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2018.

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Krarti, Moncef. Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings, Communities, and Urban Centers. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2018.

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Частини книг з теми "Urban Retrofit Design"

Gupta, Rajat, and Matt Gregg. "Local Energy Mapping Using Publicly Available Data for Urban Energy Retrofit." In Building Information Modelling, Building Performance, Design and Smart Construction, 207–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50346-2_15.

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Matandirotya, Newton R., Dirk P. Cilliers, Roelof P. Burger, Christian Pauw, and Stuart J. Piketh. "Risks of Indoor Overheating in Low-Cost Dwellings on the South African Lowveld." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1583–600. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_123.

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AbstractThe South African Lowveld is a region of land that lies between 150 and 2000 m above sea level. In summer the region is characterized by the maximum mean daily ambient temperature of 32 °C. The purpose of the study was to characterize indoor thermal environments in low-cost residential dwellings during summer seasons as climate is changing. Indoor and ambient air temperature measurements were performed at a 30-min temporal resolution using Thermochron iButtons in the settlement of Agincourt. 58 free running low-cost residential dwellings were sampled over the summer seasons of 2016 and 2017. Complementary ambient air temperature data were sourced from the South African Weather Service (SAWS). Data were transformed into hourly means for further analysis. It was found that hourly maximum mean indoor temperatures ranged between 27 °C (daytime) and 23 °C (nighttime) for both living rooms and bedrooms in summer 2016 while in 2017, maximum mean indoor temperatures ranged between 29 °C (daytime) and 26 °C (nighttime) in living rooms and bedrooms. Pearson correlations showed a positive association between indoor and ambient temperatures ranging between r = 0.40 (daytime) and r = 0.90 (nighttime). The association is weak to moderate during daytime because occupants apply other ventilation practices that reduce the relationship between indoor and ambient temperatures. The close association between nighttime ambient and indoor temperature can also be attributed to the effect of urban heat island as nighttime ambient temperature remain elevated; thus, influencing indoor temperatures also remain high. These findings highlight the potential threat posed by a rise in temperatures for low-cost residential dwellings occupants due to climate change. Furthermore, the high level of sensitiveness of dwellings to ambient temperature changes also indicates housing envelopes that have poor thermal resistance to withstand the Lowveld region’s harsh extreme heat conditions, especially during summer. The study findings suggest that a potential risk of indoor overheating exists in low-cost dwellings on the South African Lowveld as the frequency and intensity of heat waves rise. There is therefore a need to develop immediate housing adaptation interventions that mitigate against the projected ambient temperature rise for example through thermal insulation retrofits on the existing housing stock and passive housing designs for new housing stock.

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Krarti, Moncef. "Integrated Design and Retrofit of Buildings." In Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings, Communities, and Urban Centers, 313–84. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-849869-9.00006-5.

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Charles, Suzanne Lanyi, and Richard B. Peiser. "Inner-Ring Suburban Retrofit and Neighborhood Change in the Post-Suburban Era." In The New Companion to Urban Design, 297–309. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203731932-30.

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Krarti, Moncef. "Integrated Design of Communities." In Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings, Communities, and Urban Centers, 385–470. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-849869-9.00007-7.

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Krarti, Moncef. "Integrated Design of Energy Efficient Cities." In Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings, Communities, and Urban Centers, 471–545. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-849869-9.00008-9.

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"Methodological Proposal for the Optimization of Energy Retrofit Strategies in Urban Planning." In International Conference on Green Buildings and Optimization Design (GBOD 2012), 153–62. ASME Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.860137_ch20.

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Klimowicz, Joanna. "Chosen Case Studies of nZEB Retrofit Buildings." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 209–27. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4105-9.ch009.

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The reasons why the buildings are named intelligent and the cities are called smart arise from the requirement to achieve effective use of natural resources while maintaining at least current standard of living when faced with global climatic changes and growing scarcity of resources. Now, energy efficient and environmentally friendly urban solutions tend to concentrate on the possibilities of upgrade of already existing buildings that form the majority of the contemporary urbanized landscape. Due to the increasing human population, our world is undergoing rapid urban development. This state overlaps with climate changes and growing scarcity of resources, which has a high impact on the ongoing transformation of our built environment. Many of those issues are mirrored by European legislation, especially in Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, which makes nearly zero-energy buildings a standard by 2020. Many of the technologies are already available. nZEB renovation process will be a challenge for parties involved in the design and construction process.

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Krarti, Moncef. "Introduction." In Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings, Communities, and Urban Centers, 1–43. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-849869-9.00001-6.

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Krarti, Moncef. "Advanced Building Energy Efficiency Systems." In Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings, Communities, and Urban Centers, 45–115. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-849869-9.00002-8.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Urban Retrofit Design"

"Improving Walkability, Livability, and Safety Through Urban Street Retrofit Design." In 6th Annual International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering (ACE 2018). Global Science and Technology Forum, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2301-394x_ace18.145.

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Nadel, Barbara A. "Transit Security and Public Safety: Practical Strategies for Design and Retrofit of Rail Transit Stations against Terrorist Threats." In World Urban Transit Conference 2010. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-6396-8_plenary6.

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Kaundinya, Ashwin, Sriyan Garapati, Rathin Shah, Swapnil Ghugal, and Ravindra Shah. "Development and validation of powertrain controls for a compact non plug-in hybrid platform for single cylinder engines-DVI." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-adm-048.

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Objective In developing economies, 2 & 3-wheelers comprise the bulk of the total vehicle fleet. The new push for complete fleet electrification is also hampered by inadequate infrastructure and availability of electricity, making this a segment that could easily and quickly benefit from hybridization. DVI consists of a newly designed compact crankshaft mounted motor-generator unit, with an intelligent control algorithm eliminating the need for a decoupling/clutch mechanism between the electrical drive and crankshaft. A compact high power battery pack provides boost power through the motor on demand, and recuperates energy during deceleration. This allows the system to compliment the engine torque, allowing for operation of the engine in more efficient regions of its performance map. Along with the associated benefits of a non-plug-in hybrid vehicle (significant fuel savings in urban cycles, better performance, reduced vehicular emissions, etc.), the system significantly improves drivability and is a practical emission free engine performance upgrade. The system has also been designed keeping in mind the possibility of a retrofit solution for in-use vehicles. The objective of this work is to showcase the virtual development of the said system consisting of hardware, software and control strategy. Methodology • Motivation & Introduction of the concept • Benchmarking of control strategy & development • Development of plant model & System sizing • SIL simulation, testing and results Results In this paper, we will present the benchmark study, control system design & development, MIL & SIL simulation, and virtual deployment and testing of the hybrid concept on a 2-wheeler. With simulation results showing on average a 15% improvement in fuel economy with a significant increase in low range torque, the system is a promising solution for performance upgradation even as a retrofit solution. Uniqueness • Developing the technology as a performance upgrade rather than just a CO2 & emission reduction system for better market acceptance • Improvement in drivability through Start/Stop, take off and Creep functionality • Minimal modification and altercations to existing ICE and control make it flexible. • System designed such that learning curve for operation is minimal with no additional drive controls. • Clutch-less cost engineered solution • Control strategy for various operating conditions

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Lucas, William C. "Design of Integrated Bioretention-Infiltration Systems for Urban Retrofits." In International Low Impact Development Conference 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41009(333)5.

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Lucas, William C. "Design of Integrated Bioinfiltration-Detention Urban Retrofits with Continuous Simulation Methods." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)101.

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Porto, Mattheus Souza, Angela de Moura Ferreira Danilevicz, and Ruane Fernandes de Magalhães. "Atributos resilientes de sistemas de transporte urbano." In III SIMPÓSIO NACIONAL DE GESTÃO E ENGENHARIA URBANA [SINGEURB 2021]. Antac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46421/singeurb.v3i00.920.

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A infraestrutura urbana de transportes, embora detenha centralidade no usufruto do direito de mobilidade pela população, é responsável por emissões de gases do efeito estufa, poluição do ar e congestionamentos. Ademais, a adequada provisão de serviços urbanos é fundamental para lidar com mudanças climáticas e crescimento populacional em cidades, as quais buscam adotar abordagens de planejamento considerando tanto sustentabilidade quanto resiliência para seu desenvolvimento sustentável. Ainda assim, poucos são os projetos de sistemas de transporte sustentáveis concebidos levando em conta seus impactos sobre a resiliência urbana. Neste contexto, o objetivo da dissertação de mestrado é a construção de um método de avaliação de resiliência urbana a ser aplicado em projetos de implementação e retrofit de sistemas sustentáveis de transporte em cidades. O método da pesquisa adota estratégia de Design Science Research e divide-se em 9 etapas compreendidas em coleta de informações, desenvolvimento e aplicação do método de avaliação. Atualmente, são realizadas atividades de revisão de literatura quanto à influência de sistemas de transporte na resiliência urbana. Ao decorrer da pesquisa, a principal contribuição esperada é o de guiar investimentos a serem realizados sobre a infraestrutura de transportes, considerando tanto a sustentabilidade quanto a resiliência na escala urbana.

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Kappanna, Hemanth, Marc C. Besch, Daniel K. Carder, Mridul Gautam, Adewale Oshinuga, and Matt Miyasato. "Development of an Advanced Retrofit Aftertreatment System Targeting Toxic Air Contaminants and Particulate Matter Emissions From HD-CNG Engines." In ASME 2010 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2010-35131.

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Increasing urban pollution levels have led to the imposition of evermore stringent emissions regulations on heavy-duty engines used in transit buses. This has made compressed natural gas (CNG) a promising fuel for reducing emissions, particularly particulate matter (PM) from heavy-duty transit buses. Indeed, research studies performed at West Virginia University (WVU) and elsewhere have shown that pre-2010 compliant natural gas engines emit an order of magnitude lower PM emissions, on a mass basis, when compared to diesel engines without any exhaust aftertreatment devices. However, on a number basis, particle emissions in the nanoparticulate range were an order of magnitude higher for natural gas fueled buses than their diesel counterparts. There exists a significant number of pre-2007 CNG powered buses in transit agencies in the US and elsewhere in the world. Therefore, an exhaust aftertreatment device was designed and developed by WVU, in association with Lubrizol, to retrofit urban transit buses powered by MY2000 Cummins Westport C8.3G+ heavy-duty CNG engines, and effectively reduce Toxic Air Contaminants (TAC) and PM (mass and number count) exhaust emissions. The speciation results showed that the new exhaust aftertreatment device reduced emissions of metallic elements such as iron, zinc, nonmetallic minerals such as calcium, phosphorus and sulfur derived from lube oil additives to non-detectable levels, which otherwise could contribute to an increase in number count of nanoparticles. The carbonyl compounds were reduced effectively by the oxidation catalyst to levels below what were found in the dilution air. Also, hydrocarbons identified as TAC’s by California Air Resource Board (CARB) [1] were reduced to non-detectable levels. This ultimately reduced the number of nanoparticles to levels equal to that found in the dilution air.

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Therkelsen, Peter, Josh Mauzey, Vince McDonell, and Scott Samuelsen. "Evaluation of a Low Emission Gas Turbine Operated on Hydrogen." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90725.

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The ever increasing strain on traditional centralized power generation and distribution systems has led to an increase in the use of distributed generation (DG) technologies. DG technologies are commonly found in urban areas that are sensitive to criteria pollutants, and as a result, they are subject to increasingly stringent emission regulations. Paralleling the growth of installed DG is the ever-increasing interest in hydrogen as an alternative fuel to natural gas. As a hydrogen infrastructure is developed, a desire to use this new fuel for DG applications will evolve. Microturbine generators (MTGs) are one example of DG technology that has emerged in this paradigm and are the technology of interest in the present work. To evaluate the potential role for hydrogen fired MTGs in this paradigm, understanding of what emission levels can be expected from such a system is needed The current study retrofits a natural gas fired MTG for operation on hydrogen and characterizes the resulting operability and emissions performance. The results of implementing design changes to improve emissions performance while maintaining stability and safety of the MTG when operating on hydrogen fuel are presented. The results also show improved stability limits which are utilized to help attain lower emissions of NOx. Further optimization is needed to achieve the NOx levels necessary to meet current regulations.

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Sheikh, Imran Ahmed, Omid Khandel, Mohamed Soliman, Jennifer S. Haase, and Priyank Jaiswal. "An Integrated Framework for Seismic Risk Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Based on Structural Health Monitoring." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0403.

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<p>In recent years, several locations in the United States have been experiencing a significant increase in seismicity that has been attributed to oil and gas production. As oil and natural gas production in the United States continues to increase, it is expected that the seismic hazard in these locations will continue to experience a corresponding upsurge. However, many urban structures in these locations are not designed to withstand these increasing levels of seismicity. Accordingly, it is crucial to develop methodologies that can help us quantify the seismic performance of these structures, establish their risk levels, and identify optimal retrofit strategies that will enhance the seismic resilience of these structures. In this context, structural health monitoring (SHM) plays an important role in understanding the seismic performance of structures. SHM can be used, in conjunction with finite element modelling, to provide a realistic representation of the structural performance during a seismic event. In this paper, a framework for seismic risk assessment of reinforced concrete buildings based on SHM is presented. The framework combines nonlinear finite element modeling and SHM data to establish the seismic fragility profile of the structure. The approach is illustrated on a multi- story reinforced concrete structure located on the Oklahoma State University Campus.</p>

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Звіти організацій з теми "Urban Retrofit Design"

Tadi, Massimo. New Lynn – Auckland IMM Case Study. Unitec ePress, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/book.062.

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Integrated Modification Methodology (IMM) has already been applied in established metropolitan contexts, such as Porto Maravilha in Rio de Janeiro, the neighbourhood of Shahrak-e Golestan in Tehran, and Block 39 in New Belgrade. When Unitec Institute of Technology’s Associate Professor of Urban Design Dushko Bogunovich came up with the idea of a comparative analysis of two sprawling metropolitan contexts – Auckland and Milan – he and Massimo Tadi, Director of the IMMdesignlab in Milan and Associate Professor at the School of Architectural Engineering at the Politecnico di Milano, decided to apply IMM to a sample area of low-density suburban Auckland. The project presented in this book was developed in a joint international design workshop organised by Politecnico di Milano, IMMdesignlab and Unitec Institute of Technology. The workshop was held at Politecnico di Milano, Polo Territoriale di Lecco (Italy), from 25–29 May 2015, and the team, comprising 14 international students from different design disciplines, was coordinated by Tadi and Bogunovich, assisted by engineers Hadi Mohammad Zadeh and Frederico Zaniol (IMMdesignlab). The outcomes of the workshop were then further developed by IMMdesignlab to demonstrate how, by adopting IMM, it is possible to retrofit, renovate and reactivate an inefficient and energy consuming neighbourhood into a more integrated and sustainable one.

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