Дисертації: "Urban Contexts"

1

Nehl, Marthe. "Urban Curation - An explorative study on understandings, roles and functions of curating practices in urban contexts." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22356.

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Curating practices appear in various fields as a common practice of immaterial labour today. To ‘curate’ is an active verb that suggests ‘doing’ something. Seldom if ever are the implications of curating critically discussed outside the arts, and this provides a reason for this thesis to investigate. What does ‘to curate’ mean, imply or suggest in the urban context? How are urban curatorial practices legitimized and where can they contribute to urban planning? Embedded in contemporary urban challenges and the “state of crisis” often referred to, this paper introduces curating as an emerging cultural practice into this field. A vital part of the discussion this thesis opens up, is where art can become part of urban planning. Noting that the relationship between arts and urban environments is ambivalent, since the arts’ symbolic power is recognized within international competition of cities, it is about the margin between the field of arts and urban development. By laying a groundwork of contemporary curatorial understandings in the arts, the paper gives an overview on the existing notions and practices of ‘urban curation’ and highlights that there are strong positions but no existing definition as such. A look into urban planning theory pinpoints the crucial role of economic growth and its implications for the organization of urban developments under the term neoliberalism, a condition in which festivals replace urban development policies and culture becomes a structuring element. The occurrence of projects as organizational structure dominates and challenges long term developments. This constitutes the framework in which the paper discusses three very different project examples from Hamburg, Liverpool and Vienna for closer analysis. Between preservation and management, arranging and staging curating can alternatively be understood as an epistemology producing new knowledge. By cross-referencing between the arts, where the critical discussion on curating is held, and urban planning and architecture, where curatorial practice is applied, the paper suggests strengthening the critical discourse on the relevance and use of cultural practices in urban studies.

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2

McKay, Mary Ana. "Understanding Refugee Women’s Contexts in Urban Ohio: A Mixed-Methods Approach." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587649882006415.

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3

BERNARDI, MONICA. "Sharing Cities. Governance Models and Collaborative Practices in the Urban Contexts." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/96087.

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The dissertation describes and investigates the collaborative practices and the governance model adopted by cities that choose the sharing and collaborative economy as frontier of experimentation to try to solve some of the main urban challenges in economic, environmental and social terms. The widespread dissemination of ICTs, among the other effects, is generating solutions more open, transparent and participatory, based on sharing and collaboration and voted to savings, money redistribution and socialization. More and more cities are wondering about the potential of the emerging new service models, reflecting on their organizational and cultural weight and on how to integrate them into existing regulatory frameworks without limit or stifle their development. The work starts from an in-depth analysis of the concept of sharing economy, given its innovative nature that makes difficult to find a clearly, established and shared definition. The research highlights its benefits, potentialities, weaknesses and limits trying to offer a better understanding of the phenomenon and an overview of its intrinsic features, what, who and how to share in the city. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of the city context that is better able to embrace this type of alternative economy. The focus is on the smart and slow nature of the so-called sharing cities, on its governance model and on the role of the public administrations, extensively discussed. The third part presents two cases of cities that in a well-shaped way are supporting sharing economy services and platforms and are promoting themselves as sharing cities: Milan in Italy and Seoul in South Korea. These cities adopted two different approaches: in Milan the reflection has emerged spontaneously from the bottom and has found in the public administration an attentive listener and a strong supporter; in Seoul the initial push came from the Mayor and his administration, that launched a wave of innovation that is generating a real ecosystem of sharing. Even if the city are different for culture, features and dimensions, the same rhetoric, labels, epistemic communities and strategies can be detected. The research was conducted adopting specific methodological tools: the analysis of the institutional and scientific materials and of other sources on the topic; the adoption of the participant observation’s approach in the study contexts; the administration of a questionnaire and the tool of the semi-structure interview to the key players of ‘Milan Sharing City’ and ‘Sharing City Seoul’. All these elements allowed retracing the origin of the process, its general framework, current outcomes and future possibilities. The dissertation aims to reconstruct the phenomenon in its constituent factors, given its recent insurgence, the momentum that is gaining and the lack of a mature scientific reflection on the topic. The ICTs penetration, the civil society engagement, the openness of the government, together with the emphasis on social innovation and the growing attention for the social economy, seem to be key ingredients to build a collaborative and sharing city. Local solutions adopted in the two cases study show the importance of the above ingredients and the absence of a “one-fit-all” solution. Instead, it is possible to build customized solutions, starting from the key ingredients, because the phenomenon allows to renegotiate with the local communities alternative governance practices more suitable for the context, and overcome established practices but less efficient.

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4

Mambwe, Kelvin. "Mobility, identity and localization of language in multilingual contexts of urban Lusaka." Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3349.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
This study explores Mobility, Identity and Localization of Language in Multilingual Contexts of Urban Lusaka. By examining data from different sites of language practices of Lusaka urbanites, that include, casual and formal conversations, Zambian popular music, computer mediated discourses and advertisements; the study shows how interlocutors creatively draw on their extended communicative repertoire to make meaning, transform social structures/roles and stylize modern identities. Accordingly, the study consolidates the recent sociolinguistic theoretical position that views language as social practice and privileges speakers as social actors in shaping and recreating language. In this regard, the study foregrounds language as localized social practice and argues against the idea that language is homogenous and a bounded system. In doing so, the study adds to recent sociolinguistic theorizing calling for a paradigm shift to language studies. Therefore, the main research question that the study addresses, relates to how Lusaka urban dwellers achieve their mediated agency, voice and actorhood through linguistic choices during interactions in various social contexts of modern Lusaka. In turn, the question relates to how urbanites use language as localized social practice to maintain, transform and reproduce social structures/roles and identities in modern Lusaka. Owing to the type of data the study collected, a multifaceted methodological and analytical approach was employed for both data collection and analysis. Informed by a descriptive research design, the study used focus group discussions and individual key-informant interviews to collect data from casual and formal conversations. Data from Zambian popular music were purposively sampled from Youtube.com and music CDs. In addition, group/individual interviews with musicians were conducted in order to supplement data collected from music CDs and video sources. Data from online discourses were collected from the Facebook platform and from two Zambian based online news blogs, while data from print advertisements were collected through the capturing of images on billboards around Lusaka city as well as advertisements from newspapers and internet sites. Television and radio advertisements were recorded from the Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation TV and radio channels. All the data collected from these sources were generally analyzed using Conversational Analysis, Facework Negotiation Theory, Multimodal Discourse Analysis and its cognate analytical tools such as Resemiotisation, Semiotic Remediation, Intertextuality, Multivocality and Dialogism. The study shows that message consumption is not a function of isolated semiotic resource but a combination of semiotic material drawn from semiotics that people are familiar with. The study thus argues that social meaning is steeped into social and cultural experiences of the speakers and that any study of language practices in such contexts should take into account the multifaceted nature of human communication. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that given the advancements in communication technology and mobility of semiotic resources across modes which have largely contributed to a reconceptualization of the nature of human language, any study of language in social contexts ought to account for other meaning making semiosis in both methodological and approaches to data collection and analysis, respectively. The study further shows how interactants in late modern settings of Lusaka stylize their multiple identities by dissolving the traditional linguistic boundaries through use of the extended linguistic repertoire. In this vein, the study demonstrates that social identity is a dynamic aspect of social life which is actively negotiated and performed through speakers' linguistic choices. In this respect, the study finds that speakers simultaneously stylize translocal hybrid identities which include urban versus rural, modern versus traditional, African versus Christian (Western fused) as well as gendered ones, through their use of different linguistic choices. Furthermore, the study finds that language borders and domains of language use are permeable. In this regard, the study demonstrates how Lusaka urban speakers use localized language forms to colonize the formal spaces thereby challenging the dominant ideologies about language as a fixed, impermeable and a bounded system. In the process of colonizing formal spaces using localized language forms, the study shows how speakers perform acts of humour, role play, face saving, identity and meaning enhancement. In turn these localized repertoires are drawn upon as resources to accomplish different tasks which would not be accomplished if only a 'single' language were to be used. In this regard, the study views language as a resource that transcends the role of meaning making. In addition, the study shows how, through the use of localized repertoires in formal spaces, speakers transform traditions and modernity into a hybrid space which identifies them as having multiple identities. This demonstrates that speakers in such modern settings use language as a resource to accomplish several things at once. It also highlights speakers’ agency in recreating language as well as transforming their social spaces. The findings of the study entail contributions to recent arguments on language that view it not as an autonomous system but rather as embedded in people’s social interactions. It demonstrates that languages have no clear-cut borders.The study also contributes to methodological and analytical approaches to the study of language in recent times. In addition, the study adds new knowledge to our understanding of identity as a performative act which is actively negotiated for as people interact in different social contexts. This implies that identity is not a fixed thing as traditionally conceived. Ultimately, the study calls for a rethinking of our conception of language and identity considering modernity practices.

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5

Orner, Kevin Daniel. "Removal and Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater in Urban and Rural Contexts." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7880.

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Efforts to remove and recover nutrients from wastewater are motivated by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the National Academy of Engineering Grand Challenges of Engineering. Of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), multiple SDGs relate to managing nutrients in wastewater. SDG 6, which is to “ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all,” contains targets that aim to improve water quality by reducing pollution, halve the amount of untreated wastewater released to the environment, and increase recycling and safe reuse of wastewater (UN, 2017). SDG 2 seeks to improve food security and SDG 12 seeks to sustainably manage natural resources. Similarly, the National Academy of Engineering Grand Challenges of Engineering highlight managing the nitrogen cycle and providing access to clean water (NAE, 2019). Centralized wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have historically been designed to remove nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) and other contaminants prior to discharge. Modern wastewater treatment practices integrate recovery of resources including nutrients, energy, and water. The many available technologies, coupled with competing priorities, can complicate community decision-making on the choice of technology and the scale at which to implement the technology (i.e. building, community, or city), as well as determining how new upstream treatment may affect existing downstream treatment. Technologies that recover energy or manage nutrients such as anaerobic digestion, struvite precipitation, and microbial fuel cells can be implemented at a variety of scales in urban settings and may also be viable for influent types such as agricultural waste. Therefore, the overall goal of this dissertation is to contribute to the achievement of multiple sustainable development goals through the removal and recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from a variety of influents at a variety of scales. One type of decision-making tool that assists in the choice of nutrient management technologies is a House of Quality. I developed a tool based on the House of Quality that integrated multiple priorities at three scales in a sewershed and produced rankings that generally align with current wastewater treatment practice. Accordingly, top-ranked city-scale technologies are those commonly employed (e.g. A2O, oxidation ditch) that use the dissolved organic carbon present in the wastewater to drive denitrification. Similarly, conventional treatment (e.g. flush toilet connected to a sewer) is ranked highest at the building scale because of its easy maintenance, small footprint, and inoffensive aesthetics. However, future trends such as technology development will likely affect the technologies, weightings, and scores and therefore improve the ranking of novel and emerging technologies. This trend may be amplified by the implementation of test beds, which can provide opportunities to improve the technical characteristics of developing technologies while minimizing risk for municipalities. The House of Quality planning tool was utilized in an in silico case study to analyze nutrient management technologies at three scales across the Northwest Regional Water Reclamation Facility sewershed in Hillsborough County, FL. The study demonstrated that employing treatment technologies upstream from the centralized wastewater treatment (i.e. building-scale source separation and community-scale technologies) could reduce nitrogen loading to the mainstream treatment train by over 50%. Sidestream treatment (i.e. the liquid effluent of anaerobic digestion that typically recycles back to the beginning of the mainstream treatment process) has minimal impact in nitrogen reduction, but is effective in reducing phosphorus loading to the mainstream due to high quantities of phosphorus recycling back to the head of the plant. These results can inform decision-makers about which context-specific nutrient management technologies to consider at a variety of scales, and illustrate that sidestream technologies can be the most effective in reducing phosphorus loading while building- and community-scale technologies can be most effective in reducing nitrogen loading to the centralized treatment plant. Struvite precipitation and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can be used in combination to manage nutrients and recover energy in sidestreams of centralized WWTPs. Because the liquid effluent from engineered struvite precipitation often contains high concentrations of total nitrogen, I constructed and demonstrated a fixed-film nitrification reactor and a two-chambered MFC to further reduce total nitrogen and recover energy. The primary benefit of the MFC in the technology demonstrated here is not its ability to produce energy, but rather its ability to remove additional nitrogen through nitritation and denitritation. The sidestream nutrient removal prevents nutrients from returning to mainstream treatment, reducing operational costs. Such improvements to wastewater treatment processes can facilitate the transition to the resource recovery facility of the future by becoming a net-energy producer while also achieving the simultaneous benefits of nutrient recovery/removal and reduced costs associated with mainstream treatment. Nutrients and energy can also be recovered in agricultural settings. In this dissertation I studied an agricultural waste treatment system comprising a small-scale tubular anaerobic digester integrated with a low-cost, locally produced struvite precipitation reactor. This study investigated two digesters that treated swine waste in rural Costa Rica. I also facilitated construction of a pilot-scale struvite precipitation reactor that was built on site using local labor and local materials for approximately $920. Local products such as bittern (magnesium source) and soda ash (base) allowed for the production of struvite, a fertilizer that can replace synthetic fertilizer for rural farmers. Liquid-phase concentrations of PO43–-P and NH4+-N in agricultural wastewater increased by averages of 131% and 116%, respectively, due to release from the swine waste during anaerobic digestion. Despite this increase in liquid-phase concentrations, an average of 25% of total phosphorus and 4% of total nitrogen was removed from the influent swine manure through sedimentation in the digesters. During struvite precipitation, an average of 79% of PO43–-P and 12% of NH4+-N was removed from the waste stream and produced a solid with percentages (mass basis) of Mg, N, P of 9.9%, 2.4%, and 12.8%, respectively, indicating that struvite (MgNH4PO4) was likely formed. The treatment system offers multiple benefits to the local community: improved sanitation, removal of nutrients to prevent eutrophication, recovery of struvite as a fertilizer, and production of a final effluent stream that is suitable quality to be used in aquaculture. These are examples of how, more generally, quantifying nutrient recovery from agricultural waste and understanding recovery mechanisms can facilitate progress toward multiple sustainable development goals by improving sanitation, promoting sustainable management of wastes and natural resources, improving food security, and supporting local ecosystems. Managing nutrients from a variety of influent types at different scales can contribute to the achievement of multiple sustainable development goals. Worldwide trends of population growth and resource depletion highlight the need for models to easily allow decision-makers the ability to understand the fate of nutrients and implement infrastructure accordingly.

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6

Szymanski, Brian. "Defining and Achieving Sense of Place in New Developments in Existing Urban Contexts." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1307322834.

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7

Brits, Andre. "An Urban Sustainability Assessment Framework: Supporting Public Deliberation around Sustainability of Specific Contexts." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366961.

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More than 80% of Australians and over half of the world's population now live in cities. Cities are the engines for the sustainable development of Australia, and are of critical importance for the future of the nation. Because the social, economic, ecological and institutional development of a city are increasingly interwoven, city management has become a complex enterprise. Management of complex systems such as cities requires the use of innovative, sophisticated planning approaches that can assist in monitoring current conditions and projecting future developments. It also requires a well-structured participatory process of creating social support by stakeholders for long-term city visions. This study develops an urban sustainability assessment framework and explores its use with practitioners on a real-world case study in Logan City, Queensland. The framework includes four stages, namely scoping; envisioning; experimenting and assessment and includes the use of system condition indicators, dynamic agent-based modelling and multi-criteria assessment. Within Australia, this study is significant as the first attempt to implement the framework to a metropolitan sub-region at a neighbourhood level and one of the first attempts to adapt UrbanSim for Australian planning practice. The study engaged with the proposition that to support the planning of sustainable cities, we need to study cities as interconnected, complex living systems that require a different set of practices from that used to study cities as a collection of parts that behave in predictable ways based on universal laws. An evolving paradigm that aims to meet this challenge, and applied in this study, is the social ecological system (SES) paradigm. A SES is an ecological system that is linked with and affected by one or more social systems (Anderies, 2003). Because SES differ in nature, and operate at various scales in time and space, an integrated systems approach seems to make sense to analyse the complexity of the interrelated problems and developments that today’s cities face. One such approach is integrated sustainability assessment (ISA).
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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8

ZAMPATTI, DAVIDE. "GAUGING ETHNIC AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN URBAN CONTEXTS: THE CASE OF BRESCIA, ITALY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/634805.

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This dissertation aims to improve our understanding of the link between migrant ethnicity, space and socio-economic inequality. In the last three decades, the migratory pressure in Europe has reached significant levels. The massive flux of different ethnic groups has created significant tensions in many countries, causing widespread political conflicts and is now eroding the credibility of traditional political institutions. Here, we focused on three main issues, i.e., the residential segregation of immigrants, the immigrant’s earnings at the neighbourhood level and the school choice of immigrant families. Our approach has been quantitative and has tried to combine and integrate certain social, economic and geographical factors. The core of our study has been a detailed analysis on a census-style database on the Italian city of Brescia, which permitted us to geolocalise households at a block level. The structure of the dissertation includes four main chapters followed by a conclusion chapter. First presents an extensive literature review that examined various socio-economic aspects of migrations. We first considered housing market discrimination, segregation theories, segregation measurement. Besides we introduced literature on labour market discrimination, social inequality and neighbourhood and network effects. Furthermore, we reviewed second generation problems, education inequality, social cohesion and assimilation theories. The second presents an empirical study on Brescia, one of the most relevant cities in Italy for the share of immigrants. While this context allowed us to reflect on complex forms of segregation in South Europe, we explored segregation in the city. We analysed segregation by aggregate ethnic groups to cover the whole city immigrant population. These aggregates are East Europeans, South Asians, Middle Easterns and North Africans, Sub Saharan Africans, Chinese, East and South East Asians and South Americans. Segregation is particularly strong for South Asians and Chinese communities. The third chapter examines neighbourhood effect on immigrants’ earnings. The chapter considers the economic and social nexus of segregation by estimating neighbourhood effects on immigrants’ earnings within an urban context. For doing this, we linked socio-economic and spatial-demographic characteristics of immigrants by following an “egohood” approach, which jointly considers socialisation and proximity effects. An egohood is an ego-centred circular neighbourhood of given dimension around individual residence. We found that immigrants in areas with high probability to meet co-ethnics had lower earnings; there was no effect for the probability to meet natives. The fourth examines ethnic differentials in school choices in primary school as a determinant of education inequality. Education inequality is crucial in countries receiving considerable levels of migrations. We hypothesised that households choose schools by homophily, i.e. they chose a school with a high percentage of co-ethnics. Furthermore, we hypothesised that and households prefer schools with a high share of high socio economics status-pupils while being constrained by geographical proximity. Households are sensitive to socio-economic status, ethnic composition and home-school distance. However, we also found that choices by second-generation immigrants, i.e., those who were born in Italy, had lower differences with natives, while born abroad children display different choices. The fifth presents conclusions, limitation and future developments of this dissertation. Finally, some chapters reproduce independent research articles. This implies that some repetitions are possible, especially when discussing previous research and presenting the study context.

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9

Blaauw, Christopher. "A comparison of grade 8 to10 urban and peri-urban learners context preferences for mathematical literacy." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7530_1277075131.

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The study explored the comparison of grade 8 to 10 urban and peri-urban learners&rsquo
contexts preferences in mathematical literacy. There is currently a strong emphasis on the use of contexts for school mathematics. This has been also the case for South Africa when grade 10 learners have to make a choice between mathematics and mathematical literacy as one of their compulsory subjects for grade 10. This study focused more on the use of mathematics in real life situations. Data was collected by using questionnaires developed as part of the Relevance of School Mathematics Education (ROSME) project. The questionnaire dealt with contexts preferred by grade 10 learners from urban and peri-urban areas. The data were analysed using non-parametric statistical techniques. The findings radicate that there were contexts highly preferred by learners from both urban and peri-urban areas
least preferred by learners from both areas, highly preferred by learners from periurban areas but not by learners from urban areas and least preferred by learners from urban areas but not by those from peri-urban areas and vice versa. It is recommended that contexts highly preferred by learners should be incorporated in the learning experiences of learners.

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10

Bledsoe, David Allen. "A holistic tent ministry with American volunteers to assist new churches in urban contexts." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.

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11

Kim, Jiwoon. "The notion of buying architecture : a proposition of strategic architecture for urban economic contexts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39300.

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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 84).
How can an urban redevelopment be the best thing that has ever happened to a proposed site and to its residents who have lived there before the development? With lack of appreciation for how re-development projects could affect the existing urban structure and its values at different levels, the projects create new "real estate products" responding to increased land value and expose old residents to new living environments. Eventually, the residents who cannot afford the housing price difference are pushed to move out of their communities or even forcefully evicted. This thesis starts by acknowledging that there is a huge gap understanding of the value of land, communal life, and architecture between development-involved constituencies such as investors (developers), architects, and current residents. With this awareness, and finding an urban site expecting huge development in the Shanghai Warehouse district, this thesis focuses on proposing architectural strategies that are intended to mitigate the extreme gap by providing diverse levels of urban spaces which consumers at different income levels could buy and share in.
by Jiwoon Kim.
M.Arch.

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12

Weidner, Brianna L. "A TALE OF TWO CONTEXTS: MATHEMATICS SELF-EFFICACY DEVELOPMENT AMONG RURAL AND URBAN STUDENTS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/70.

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Self-efficacy, or a belief in one’s ability to complete a task, has been shown to predict student success and persistence. Rural students have a history of lower college enrollment and degree attainment than urban students. However, no studies have compared self-efficacy or its sources across rural and urban groups. The purpose of this study is to examine differences in how rural and urban middle school students develop self-efficacy and self-efficacy for self-regulated learning in the domain of math. Data were collected from 174 rural students and 1743 urban students in grades 6-8 in the southeastern United States. Measurement invariance analyses determined that rural and urban students respond to measures of self-efficacy and its sources similarly, but not identically. Comparison of latent means revealed that rural students reported more vicarious experiences than urban students. However, structural equation modeling showed that rural students relied solely on mastery experience when evaluating their self-efficacy. This differed from urban students who relied on mastery experience, vicarious experience, and negative physiological state when judging their self-efficacy. This study is the first to compare self-efficacy across rural and urban groups and extends research examining self-efficacy and its sources in understudied populations.

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13

Alasaad, Ammar. "Fitting new building forms into historical urban contexts through urban design : lessons from the United Kingdom experience for the case of Damascus." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3303.

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Urban design emerged in the 1980s linked to the trends of urban marketing in which architecture and its outcomes, i.e. new forms of buildings, have become a physical expression of an economic-political process. However, the quality of these forms has varied from the excellent to the awful and many questions have been raised about the merit of such products, particularly in cities with historic urban contexts. Urban design has provided toolkits that have been applied at different stages of the design control process in order to improve the production of contemporary designs in historic urban contexts, focusing on how all buildings, old and new, work with each other to create spaces and a sense of place, which is seen as influencing the quality of life for communities. This thesis investigates the role of the urban design approach in fitting new proposed forms into their historic contexts, by reviewing its application in a selected number of real-life projects in Edinburgh and York, both of which have substantial and sensitive historic urban contexts. This is done through an examination of documentary evidence of the application of urban design tools and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders in the design control process (regulators, developers, designers and a wider range of actors involved in the process). Ultimately, the research proposes, based on the two cities’ experience, some lessons for the city of Damascus in relation to how local planning authorities can improve design quality of proposed new forms into historical urban contexts through applying urban design tools.

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14

Naranjo, Zolotov Mijail. "Determinants of information and communication technologies for the online citizen participation adoption in urban contexts." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666681.

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This thesis contributes to a better understanding of the determinants of e-participation adoption in the urban contexts at individual level. The dissertation first carries out a review of the existing literature following a quantitative approach. Second, we developed three research models grounded in theories as unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), psychological empowerment, social capital, and sense of virtual community. Each model was evaluated in a cross-sectional experiment in two Portuguese cities that have implemented e-participation tools. The analysis of each model and its results are analysed in detail in each of the sections of this dissertation. And finally, we propose two lines for future research, one focused on the citizens satisfaction with e-participation, and the other explores the inclusion of components from social geography.
Esta tesis contribuye a una mejor comprensión de los determinantes de la adopción de la participación electrónica en los contextos urbanos a nivel individual. La disertación primero realiza una revisión de la literatura existente siguiendo un enfoque cuantitativo. En segundo lugar, desarrollamos tres modelos de investigación basados en teorías como teoría unificada de aceptación y uso de tecnología (UTAUT), empoderamiento psicológico, capital social y sentido de comunidad virtual. Cada modelo se evaluó en un experimento transversal en dos ciudades portuguesas que han implementado herramientas de participación electrónica. El análisis de cada modelo y sus resultados se analizan en detalle en cada una de las secciones de esta tesis. Y, finalmente, proponemos dos líneas para futuras investigaciones, una centrada en la satisfacción de los ciudadanos con la participación electrónica y la otra explora la inclusión de componentes de la geografía social.

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15

Szymanski, Brian J. "Can Place Be Created? Cultivating Sense of Place in New Developments Within Existing Urban Contexts." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1276954929.

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16

Carroll-Scott, Amy. "Neighborhood structural characteristics, social processes, and child wellbeing a multilevel study in two urban contexts /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1708983661&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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17

GENTA, CHIARA. "Exploring assessment frameworks and interlinkages analysis for implementing circular economy strategies in European urban contexts." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2971670.

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18

Sahabodien, Raudhiyah. "The real cost of low income settlements: experiences in varied spatial contexts within the same municipal boundary." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22871.

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Introduction: Since 1994, the response to the low income housing backlog in South Africa has been met with the capital grant, targeted at households earning less than R3500 per month. Scholars and policy makers echo the same sentiments that state funded housing and facilities should be located close to economic opportunities and in close proximity to public transportation systems. However, due to the limitations of the grant, low income housing development has been typically been limited to cheap peripheral land where large scale low income housing projects can be rolled out in the form of low density housing developments. In recent years, a growing body of knowledge has found that the provision of state funded housing opportunities on the urban periphery has a significant impact on urban sustainability, particularly the financial sustainability of government. This study aims to add to the body of knowledge pertaining to how the roll out of low income housing in various locations within the same municipal area affects a household's ability to access economic and social opportunities in terms of financial and social costs to the household. Method: The study considers Hessequa Municipality as a case study, with four settlements within the municipality (Slangrivier, Kwanonkuthula, Diepkloof and Melkhoutfontein) used as sub-cases. The four settlements vary greatly in spatial location, population size, history, growth potential and functional role, thus providing a good opportunity to examine the impacts the provision of low income housing by the state within different spatial locations on the lives of households. A case study research approach is applied, using a mix of methods, namely: a review of documents, the mapping of existing facilities, and a survey of 20 households in each of four settlements. Results: The analysis found notable differences between the provision and access to services amongst the four settlements. The study found that that facility provision to low income households varies from settlement to settlement and that a household's perception about whether accessibility to facilities has improved, is relative to the services which households were previously afforded access. It was found that beneficiaries of housing located in close proximity to facilities and employment opportunities incur little or no cost in terms of travelling to facilities. Households with limited access to facilities have to be selective with regard to which member of the household can participate in activities offered in the broader settlement, as otherwise the costs of travel can be very onerous for households. The survey revealed that the opportunity to get a free house far outweighs any inconvenience associated with limited access to social and economic opportunities, with 100% of respondents indicating that they would choose a poorly located free house rather than a rented home in a better location with better access to facilities. In addition, within the context of the four settlements studied, it was found that travel expenses that would ordinarily have been incurred by households travelling to work and school has been found to be carried by employers or subsidised by government, and therefore have less of an impact on household expenditure than I had anticipated. For example, in Slangrivier 50% of the employed are collected for work by their employer and incur no costs for travelling to work. Similarly, the excessive distance travelled to schools, and its consequent burden of cost, is generally not carried by households, as the Department of Education subsidises the transportation of learners to and from school daily. It was found that the use of facilities is influenced by distance, cost, availability and, interestingly, personal preference. Although the provision of facilities across the four settlements is currently uneven, the municipality has created an expectation amongst the public that, over time, facilities will be provided in all settlements, irrespective of their location.

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19

Hammam, Jasmine. "Investigating a Social Entrepreneurial Business Model in India and its Applicability to Wider Contexts." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-277223.

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Social entrepreneurship has grown in popularity since Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in the year 2006. Pollinate Energy is an Australian social business working to improve the lives of the urban poor in India. The purpose of this study is to investigate the portability of the organisation’s business model to other geographical locations, e.g what adjustments might be needed if transferring and implementing the concept in new cities and locations. A qualitative case study approach was conducted by gathering experiences from Bangalore through interviews and secondary sources and field observations from a field study conducted in Hyderabad, India. The results indicate that the local cultural context shapes the structure of the concept. It was found to be easier to establish relationships through products with immediate tangible benefits, which indicates that products are highly context dependent. Therefore, local trials of products are needed for the concept to be effective. Moreover, further investigations of the model would be required if the concept were to be transferred to other geographical locations. The model can generate spin-off effects contributing to development, and can thus be a catalyst for social change.

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20

Fraser, Anne. "Gaelic in primary education : a study of the development of Gaelic bilingual education in urban contexts." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1989. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/667/.

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In August 1985 two small-scale Gaelic Units were opened by Strathclyde and Highland Regional Councils, situated within urban primary schools in Glasgow and Inverness respectively. Their purpose was to develop the use of Gaelic as a medium of education for children to the majority of whom it is not the mother tongue - creating a new, protected and prestigious domain for the language in contexts where its speakers are nowadays scattered and its use almost entirely confined to isolated intra-familial exchange. Evidence suggests that the establishment of these Units has already had political, cultural and educational repercussions far in excess of their direct effect on the lives of the individual city-dwelling families involved. ii. This thesis describes developments in Scottish Gaelic primary-school education during the period 1985-1989, places them in their historical, socio-linguistic and educational contexts, and attempts to extrapolate from the findings some pointers of practical utility for future development. Though due attention is paid to comparative evidence from other countries the central thesis is firmly rooted within Scottish experience, for the following reasons: (a) there has been a general dearth of recorded data relating specifically to Scottish Gaelic education, a situation which must be urgently addressed in support of present initiatives and to facilitate future development; and (b) circumstances have given the researcher access to unusually detailed local evidence, both longitudinal and latitudinal, prior to and during the period under discussion, as will be seen below (iii). iii. Throughout the 1980's the researcher has been personally involved in the promotion of Gaelic in education - observing (and hopefully assisting) is progress from within as activist, teacher and, latterly, education officer. Such pragmatic experience has inevitably amplified the response to available published data, given direction and purpose to the research methods employed, and inspired further lines of enquiry since formally embarking on the research. iv. The researcher trained and gained experience as a secondary school teacher in the 1960's, then, in preparation to embarking upon this study, attended a full-time Primary Conversion Course at Jordanhill College of Education, Glasgow. This provided invaluable theoretic and practical experience of modern methodology and classroom organisation, as did serving a teaching apprenticeship (1985-86) within Sir John Maxwell Primary, Glasgow, host school to the newly opened Gaelic Unit. Throughout 1986-88 (the first two years of the present part-time research) a close relationship was maintained with the Gaelic Unit, including regular service as supply teacher. Working closely with the children during this period allowed observation - informal but in depth (perhaps, one might argue, in greater depth than formal assessment procedures would have allowed) - of children's general progress since the inception of the Unit. It should nevertheless be noted that it is not within the remit of this thesis to assess the educational and/or linguistic success of this or any other Gaelic Unit, except in the most general terms: the close relationship with Sir John Maxwell Gaelic Unit might render objectivity difficult, if not impossible, for the foreseeable future. v. At national level the researcher has gained first-hand experience of almost a decade of Gaelic initiatives as active Patron of Comhairle nan Sgoiltean Araich (the Gaelic Play-group Association) and, since 1988, in the full-time employ of Comunn na G`aidhlig (the official Gaelic language promotion agency) as Education Officer with a national remit covering all aspects of Gaelic education. The relationship with Sir John Maxwell Gaelic Unit has continued, though in less depth, and to it has been added access to similar Gaelic Units throughout Scotland, attendance at national primary Gaelic INSET courses, constant dialogue with parents, teachers, educationists and officials throughout Scotland and beyond, participation in planning-meetings concerned with inter-authority resource production, linguistic and educational philosophy and funding, and in meetings with parents, activists and officials to review present measures and extend their remit. vi. Awareness of the international dimension was heightened and given focus by attendance (1986-87) of Glasgow University's Multicultural Education course and through the ongoing input provided by seminars and conferences on various aspects of education, language and culture - a process which has continued throughout the duration of the research period. vii. Though much of the above experience cannot be used as an explicit source of specified data, its cumulative influence cannot be dismissed as wholly impressionistic or subjective for the purposes of this thesis: it is implicit within case-studies, personal observation and analysis, etc., amplified by published comparative and historical sources where appropriate. Further original evidence has been established using the following methods:vii.i questionnaires: two separately designed and administered questionnaires were circulated and analysed as follows: vii.i.i to Gaelic speakers and learners aged 16+ throughout Scotland, to establish their awareness of recent Gaelic initiatives and their attitudes towards them, and vii.i.ii to the families of all children currently attending Gaelic Primary Units in Scotland, to establish the extent of linguistic usage and exposure in the child's present extra-mural environment.vii.ii interviews: in-depth personal interviews were conducted to establish detailed follow-up to data emerging from questionnaires; findings are both (a) incorporated into the text and (b) separately presented as case studies, both for descriptive and for comparative purposes. Although such data does not pretend to be scientifically controlled it contains much that is of interest, especially taken in conjunction with questionnaire results. Two different types of case-study are presented: vii.ii.i school studies: using classroom observation, in conjunction with the comments of parents and practitioners involved in Gaelic-medium education, to define and illustrate key aspects of representative urban Gaelic Primary Units, contrasting these with observations made in rural situations and in Wales and Northern Ireland andviii.ii family studies: using longitudinal observation, in conjunction with interviews with parents, to describe and illustrate educational affect in terms of the consumer.

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21

Anne, Fraser. "Gaelic in primary education a study of the development of Gaelic bilingual education in urban contexts /." Connect to e-thesis, 1989. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/667/.

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22

Mohammed, Selina A. "The intersectionality of diabetes and the cultural-political contexts of urban American Indians / Selina A. Mohammed." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7302.

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23

Streelasky, Jodi Lyn. "A comparative case study of two urban Aboriginal children's meaning making across home, school, and community contexts." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/33935.

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In the field of early childhood literacy, researchers have begun to investigate the ways contemporary childhoods are being shaped by a range of multimodal communicative practices (Kress, 2003; Lankshear & Knobel, 2003; Marsh, 2003b). The link between children’s use of these practices, many of which are linked to digital technologies and global discourses, and their identity construction, is also being examined in the new millennium. The changing communication systems of the twenty-first century are also influencing the ways urban Aboriginal children make meaning in their worlds, and are impacting Aboriginal children’s identities. Drawing on a sociocultural theory of learning, the purpose of this qualitative comparative case study is to investigate the complexity of the everyday communicative practices utilized by two, six-year-old urban Aboriginal children in and out-of-school, in an attempt to inform the future direction of literacy curricula for young Aboriginal children. Acquiring insight into Aboriginal children’s meaning making is also vital to challenging and replacing long-standing deficit notions held by society and mainstream schools about Aboriginal students’ inferiority and ineducability. This is particularly relevant as the urban Aboriginal student population rises in the province of Saskatchewan. The findings revealed the focal children’s homes to be vibrant, multimodal textual spaces in which the children were supported by their family members as they engaged in a range of communicative practices for multiple purposes. The findings also revealed the link between the dynamic and evolving nature of Indigenous knowledge and the families’ meaning making. Further, the findings showed how the practices valued and promoted in the focal children’s classroom generally reflected traditional and narrow modes of communication, specifically, print-based and teacher-directed practices, and also included superficial, rudimentary aspects of Aboriginal culture. This study offers new suggestions on the ways in which Aboriginal children’s out-of-school communicative practices, specifically those practices linked to digital technology, can be included in early childhood classrooms in culturally-relevant ways.

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24

Rodriguez, Leonard Francisca. "Subjective responses to daylight changes in outdoor scenes: Implementing a dynamic view assessment procedure for urban contexts." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/211250/1/Francisca%20Alejandra_Rodriguez%20Leonard_Thesis.pdf.

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This project investigated the mechanisms underlying well-being outcomes as a function of dynamic environmental attributes in window views. The hypothesis posed that changes within the outdoor visual environment, like those produced by daylight variations across the day, would mediate positive responses toward these views. To test this hypothesis, a mixed methods study was designed, combining post-occupancy evaluation, geometric labeling procedures, and immersive virtual reality techniques. The outcomes of this work lay the foundations of interdisciplinary evaluation, decision-making, and design procedures aimed at sustaining individuals’ well-being in increasingly dense urban environments.

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25

Carroll, Julie-Anne. "My place through my eyes : a social constructionist approach to researching the relationships between socioeconomic living contexts and physical activity." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/27965/1/Julie-Anne_Carroll_Citation.pdf.

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There is a growing evidence-base in the epidemiological literature that demonstrates significant associations between people’s living circumstances – including their place of residence – and their health-related practices and outcomes (Leslie, 2005; Karpati, Bassett, & McCord, 2006; Monden, Van Lenthe, & Mackenbach, 2006; Parkes & Kearns, 2006; Cummins, Curtis, Diez-Roux, & Macintyre, 2007; Turrell, Kavanagh, Draper, & Subramanian, 2007). However, these findings raise questions about the ways in which living places, such as households and neighbourhoods, figure in the pathways connecting people and health (Frolich, Potvin, Chabot, & Corin, 2002; Giles-Corti, 2006; Brown et al, 2006; Diez Roux, 2007). This thesis addressed these questions via a mixed methods investigation of the patterns and processes connecting people, place, and their propensity to be physically active. Specifically, the research in this thesis examines a group of lower-socioeconomic residents who had recently relocated from poorer suburbs to a new urban village with a range of health-related resources. Importantly, the study contrasts their historical relationship with physical activity with their reactions to, and everyday practices in, a new urban setting designed to encourage pedestrian mobility and autonomy. The study applies a phenomenological approach to understanding living contexts based on Berger and Luckman’s (1966) conceptual framework in The Social Construction of Reality. This framework enables a questioning of the concept of context itself, and a treatment of it beyond environmental factors to the processes via which experiences and interactions are made meaningful. This approach makes reference to people’s histories, habituations, and dispositions in an exploration between social contexts and human behaviour. This framework for thinking about context is used to generate an empirical focus on the ways in which this residential group interacts with various living contexts over time to create a particular construction of physical activity in their lives. A methodological approach suited to this thinking was found in Charmaz’s (1996; 2001; 2006) adoption of a social constructionist approach to grounded theory. This approach enabled a focus on people’s own constructions and versions of their experiences through a rigorous inductive method, which provided a systematic strategy for identifying patterns in the data. The findings of the study point to factors such as ‘childhood abuse and neglect’, ‘early homelessness’, ‘fear and mistrust’, ‘staying indoors and keeping to yourself’, ‘conflict and violence’, and ‘feeling fat and ugly’ as contributors to an ongoing core category of ‘identity management’, which mediates the relationship between participants’ living contexts and their physical activity levels. It identifies barriers at the individual, neighbourhood, and broader ecological levels that prevent this residential group from being more physically active, and which contribute to the ways in which they think about, or conceptualise, this health-related behaviour in relationship to their identity and sense of place – both geographic and societal. The challenges of living well and staying active in poorer neighbourhoods and in places where poverty is concentrated were highlighted in detail by participants. Participants’ reactions to the new urban neighbourhood, and the depth of their engagement with the resources present, are revealed in the context of their previous life-experiences with both living places and physical activity. Moreover, an understanding of context as participants’ psychological constructions of various social and living situations based on prior experience, attitudes, and beliefs was formulated with implications for how the relationship between socioeconomic contextual effects on health are studied in the future. More detailed findings are presented in three published papers with implications for health promotion, urban design, and health inequalities research. This thesis makes a substantive, conceptual, and methodological contribution to future research efforts interested in how physical activity is conceptualised and constructed within lower socioeconomic living contexts, and why this is. The data that was collected and analysed for this PhD generates knowledge about the psychosocial processes and mechanisms behind the patterns observed in epidemiological research regarding socioeconomic health inequalities. Further, it highlights the ways in which lower socioeconomic living contexts tend to shape dispositions, attitudes, and lifestyles, ultimately resulting in worse health and life chances for those who occupy them.

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26

Carroll, Julie-Anne. "My place through my eyes : a social constructionist approach to researching the relationships between socioeconomic living contexts and physical activity." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/27965/.

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There is a growing evidence-base in the epidemiological literature that demonstrates significant associations between people’s living circumstances – including their place of residence – and their health-related practices and outcomes (Leslie, 2005; Karpati, Bassett, & McCord, 2006; Monden, Van Lenthe, & Mackenbach, 2006; Parkes & Kearns, 2006; Cummins, Curtis, Diez-Roux, & Macintyre, 2007; Turrell, Kavanagh, Draper, & Subramanian, 2007). However, these findings raise questions about the ways in which living places, such as households and neighbourhoods, figure in the pathways connecting people and health (Frolich, Potvin, Chabot, & Corin, 2002; Giles-Corti, 2006; Brown et al, 2006; Diez Roux, 2007). This thesis addressed these questions via a mixed methods investigation of the patterns and processes connecting people, place, and their propensity to be physically active. Specifically, the research in this thesis examines a group of lower-socioeconomic residents who had recently relocated from poorer suburbs to a new urban village with a range of health-related resources. Importantly, the study contrasts their historical relationship with physical activity with their reactions to, and everyday practices in, a new urban setting designed to encourage pedestrian mobility and autonomy. The study applies a phenomenological approach to understanding living contexts based on Berger and Luckman’s (1966) conceptual framework in The Social Construction of Reality. This framework enables a questioning of the concept of context itself, and a treatment of it beyond environmental factors to the processes via which experiences and interactions are made meaningful. This approach makes reference to people’s histories, habituations, and dispositions in an exploration between social contexts and human behaviour. This framework for thinking about context is used to generate an empirical focus on the ways in which this residential group interacts with various living contexts over time to create a particular construction of physical activity in their lives. A methodological approach suited to this thinking was found in Charmaz’s (1996; 2001; 2006) adoption of a social constructionist approach to grounded theory. This approach enabled a focus on people’s own constructions and versions of their experiences through a rigorous inductive method, which provided a systematic strategy for identifying patterns in the data. The findings of the study point to factors such as ‘childhood abuse and neglect’, ‘early homelessness’, ‘fear and mistrust’, ‘staying indoors and keeping to yourself’, ‘conflict and violence’, and ‘feeling fat and ugly’ as contributors to an ongoing core category of ‘identity management’, which mediates the relationship between participants’ living contexts and their physical activity levels. It identifies barriers at the individual, neighbourhood, and broader ecological levels that prevent this residential group from being more physically active, and which contribute to the ways in which they think about, or conceptualise, this health-related behaviour in relationship to their identity and sense of place – both geographic and societal. The challenges of living well and staying active in poorer neighbourhoods and in places where poverty is concentrated were highlighted in detail by participants. Participants’ reactions to the new urban neighbourhood, and the depth of their engagement with the resources present, are revealed in the context of their previous life-experiences with both living places and physical activity. Moreover, an understanding of context as participants’ psychological constructions of various social and living situations based on prior experience, attitudes, and beliefs was formulated with implications for how the relationship between socioeconomic contextual effects on health are studied in the future. More detailed findings are presented in three published papers with implications for health promotion, urban design, and health inequalities research. This thesis makes a substantive, conceptual, and methodological contribution to future research efforts interested in how physical activity is conceptualised and constructed within lower socioeconomic living contexts, and why this is. The data that was collected and analysed for this PhD generates knowledge about the psychosocial processes and mechanisms behind the patterns observed in epidemiological research regarding socioeconomic health inequalities. Further, it highlights the ways in which lower socioeconomic living contexts tend to shape dispositions, attitudes, and lifestyles, ultimately resulting in worse health and life chances for those who occupy them.

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27

Nadim, Hisham. "Assembling priority development areas in urban contexts : a case study of the Sixth of October new city, Egypt." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/assembling-priority-development-areas-in-urban-contexts-a-case-study-of-the-sixth-of-october-new-city-egypt(1e5b659a-f066-4e9c-9586-200b7cd3df77).html.

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28

Sahin, Mehmet. "Science and mathematics teacher perceptions of their professional teaching environment related to grade level and urban suburban contexts." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1095440893.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 235 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-217).

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MATACENA, RAFFAELE. "Exploring the production side: Small scale food producers and alternative food networks in European urban contexts Raffaele Matacena." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241153.

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L’applicazione di modelli industriali intensivi alla produzione e alla distribuzione degli alimenti e la liberalizzazione degli scambi sui mercati internazionali hanno portato alla costituzione di un mercato globale del cibo ad alta intensità di capitale e fortemente concentrato, in cui evidenti squilibri di potere concedono enormi capacità direzionali e decisionali a un numero ristretto di grandi player internazionali. Ciò ha generato gravi esternalità che hanno provocato un impatto sulla vita umana, sociale ed ecosistemica, rendendo manifesta la necessità di un processo di re-interiorizzazione dei processi economici legati alla produzione, alla distribuzione e al consumo di cibo entro schemi sociali e ambientali in grado di proteggere le risorse (umane, culturali, sociali, economiche ed ecosistemiche) mobilizzate dalla filiera agro-alimentare. In questo quadro critico, assistiamo ormai da alcuni anni alla nascita e al consolidamento di strutture organizzative ‘dal basso’ che mirano alla re-incorporazione (intesa come ‘ri-socializzazione’ e ‘ri-localizzazione’) delle pratiche di produzione, distribuzione e consumo di cibo entro sistemi sostenibili e locali. Si tratta di quelli che nella letteratura internazionale sono denominati alternative food networks (AFNs), ossia schemi organizzativi di filiera alimentare che puntano alla creazione di circuiti corti di ri-valorizzazione delle produzioni locali, tradizionali e sostenibili, con la promessa di potenziare l’accesso a cibi sani, nutrizionalmente adeguati ed eticamente corretti, ed al contempo costruire un’alternativa viabile alle strutture produttiviste e predatorie del capitalismo attuale. Negli ultimi due decenni, un imponente sforzo di ricerca ha permesso la creazione di una robusta letteratura sui fenomeni di ri-localizzazione e sugli alternative food networks. Molte analisi hanno avuto ad oggetto la transizione dei modelli di consumo verso la riscoperta delle produzioni locali o etiche, o altrettanto si sono occupate dei presupposti valoriali, ideologici e relazionali di funzionamento dei network e delle economie alternative, analizzando queste reti in termini di innovazione sociale o driver di sviluppo rurale. Rimane tuttavia relativamente poco esplorata la componente produttiva, ossia l’arcipelago produttivo-imprenditoriale che viene mobilizzato da queste reti e che in esse trova un nuovo centro di gravità. Il mio studio vuole inserirsi proprio in questo solco, e tentare di avanzare la conoscenza del mondo sociale ed economico dei piccoli produttori alimentari che vendono i loro prodotti attraverso i circuiti commerciali stabiliti dagli AFN nella città di Milano e, in un’ottica comparativa, nelle città di Manchester e Lancaster nel Nord Ovest dell’Inghilterra. Attraverso metodi qualitativi, dunque, si cercherà di fornire un’interpretazione della realtà dei produttori ‘alternativi’ nei due territori. L’obiettivo è di mettere in evidenza le loro identità e le loro storie, le loro rappresentazioni dei problemi del sistema alimentare e le strategie per venirne a capo, i requisiti, le logiche e i meccanismi d’azione che definiscono e rendono possibile la partecipazione a un AFN, l’insieme di riferimenti valoriali e ideologici che ispirano la loro azione, le opportunità, i punti critici e gli ostacoli che minacciano il proprio sviluppo personale-imprenditoriale e quello degli AFN stessi. Indagando l’habitus di questo campo emergente e le operazioni dei suoi attori, dunque, si tenterà di oggettivare la presenza e le pratiche dei ‘nuovi’ produttori alimentari e le modalità di ‘demercificazione’ tramite le quali le loro attività sono reintegrate entro un sistema innovativo di relazioni sociali.
The food system crisis and the urgent need to develop a different socio-economic model for the organization of food production and consumption practices are analytical constructs about which a growing scientific consensus is coupled with increasing media attention. The application of intensive industrial models in food production and distribution together with ever growing liberalization of exchanges in international markets have spurred the development of a highly-concentrated and capital-intensive global food market, in which prominent power imbalances grant immense directional and decisional leadership to a restricted number of big international players. This type of food chain management has shown a marked incapacity to satisfy the requirements of sustainability, thus calling for a reform process which aims to re-internalize the economic processes linked to production, distribution and consumption of food within social and environmental frameworks able to protect the (human, cultural, social, economic, and ecosystem) resources which are mobilized by the agri-food chain. In this critical scenario, in the last years we have been witnessing the construction and consolidation of new ‘grassroots’ organizational structures, aiming at re-embedding (through processes of ‘re-socialization’ and ‘re-localization’) food production, distribution and consumption practices within the frame of local and sustainable systems. These initiatives have been labeled as alternative food networks (AFNs): they are food chain organizational schemes setting up and managing short circuits to re-valorize local, traditional and sustainable productions. They are seen as carrying a promise of facilitating access to healthy, nutritionally-adequate and ethically correct foods, while providing an opportunity to revive the local rural fabric by building a viable alternative to the productivist structures of current capitalism and to the predatory relationships inherent in them. In the last two decades, a great effort in research has brought about robust literature on the phenomena of re-localization and on AFNs. Many analysts have focused on the transition of consumption models towards the re-discovery of local or ethical production and others have concentrated on the values, ideologies and relations underlying the building and working of networks and alternative economies. However, the productive component of these networks remains relatively unexplored, i. e. the productive-entrepreneurial archipelago which is mobilized by these networks and which finds in them a new center of gravity. My study aims to occupy this field, and attempts to advance the knowledge of the social and economic world of small food producers selling their products through AFNs-related commercial circuits in and around the city of Milan and, in a comparative perspective, in the cities of Manchester, Lancaster and the whole region of the North-West of England. By employing qualitative methods, then, this thesis tries to provide an interpretation of the reality of ‘alternative' producers in these two cities. The objective is to bring out their identity and their story, their representations of the problems affecting the food system and their personal strategies to cope with them, plus the requirements, logics and mechanisms of action which define the participation to an AFN and make it possible. I tried to analyze the set of values and ideological references inspiring their actions, their opportunities, and the critical points and obstacles which threaten their development and that of the AFNs themselves. By investigating the habitus of this emerging field and the operations of its players, my attempt is to objectify the presence and practices of these ‘new’ food producers, along with the corresponding ‘de-commodification’ modalities with which their activities are re-integrated within an innovative system of social relations.

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30

RIBAS, LEONARDO FELIPE DE OLIVEIRA. "THE ITINERARY CHRISTIAN INITIATION OF ADULT´S FAITH IN URBAN CONTEXTS: FROM THE CONVERSION PASTORAL TO THE INITIATION CATECHIZE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7026@1.

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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Os desafios sócio-culturais e religiosos do contexto urbano hodierno requerem uma revisão teológica da ação pastoral da Igreja católica. A fragmentação do universo religioso brasileiro marca as lógicas de ação e a prática religiosa nos diversos perfis de catolicismo. De um lado, temos o imperativo do subjetivismo; e, de outro, uma pastoral ainda pré-urbana, que se apresentam como desafios para responder às demandas deste contexto. Nossa dissertação busca redescobrir a Iniciação Cristã de Adultos e o seu potencial evangelizador. Partimos da hipótese de que se redescobrirmos o caráter primordial do catecumenato como função essencial da Igreja e, se redescobrirmos uma iniciação e re-iniciação da fé cristã de adultos, pautada em um relacionamento pessoal e permanente, tendo como referência o Reino e a prática da justiça, teremos daí um novo modelo eclesial que poderá revigorar toda a vida da Igreja em nossos tempos. Nossa tese fundamental é que, se não muda a Igreja, não muda a catequese e vice-versa. Somente uma catequese com adultos pode ajudar a fazer nascer uma Igreja adulta. Acreditamos que o Ritual da Iniciação Cristã de Adultos (RICA) é um instrumento privilegiado da Igreja para auxiliar àqueles e àquelas que chegam, ou que retornam, a mergulhar na totalidade do mistério pascal de Cristo, por meio da globalidade da experiência pastoral que envolve (bíblica, litúrgica, comunitária, pastoral e solidária). Por fim, afirmamos que a Igreja é o ambiente definitivo onde este encontro e reencontro com Cristo pode ser realizado.
The sociocultural and religious challenges in our present- day urban context require a theological revision in the Catholic Church`s pastoral action. The fragmentation of the Brazilian religious universe has marked the logic of action and religious practice in different branches of Catholicism. On the one hand, we may find the imperative of subjectivism; on the other hand, a pre-urban pastoral. Both of them are posed as challenges to meet the demands of this context. This dissertation aims at redescovering the adults` Christian initiation and its potential for evangelization. It departs from the principle that if we rediscover the fundamentals of the catecumenate as an essential function of the Church and, if we discover both an initiation and re-initiation of adults` Christian faith based on a permanent personal contact as reference to the Kingdom and justice, we will then have a new ecclesiastic paradigm to revitalize the Catholic Church in our times. The main point in this work is to show that if the Church does not change, the catechism will not change and vice versa. The adult catechize is the only way to help with the rebirth of an adult Church. We also believe that the Rite of Christian Initiation of Adult´s (RCIA) is a privileged instrument of the Church as it helps those who come or return to Live Christ`s Pascal Ministry by means of the pastoral experience it involves − biblical, liturgical, communitarian, pastoral and solidarian. Finally, we can affirm that the Church is definitely the environment where the coming and return to Christ may come true.

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31

Triplett-Stewart, Yolanda M. "Intertextuality, Multiliteracies, and a Double-Edged Sword: Urban Adolescent African American Males’ Perceptions of Enabling Texts, Pedagogies, and Contexts." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429719768.

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32

Currans, Kristina Marie. "Improving Vehicle Trip Generation Estimations for Urban Contexts: A Method Using Household Travel Surveys to Adjust ITE Trip Generation Rates." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/987.

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The purpose of this research is to develop and test a widely available, ready-to-use method for adjusting the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Trip Generation Handbook vehicle trip generation estimates for urban context using regional household travel survey data. The ITE Handbook has become the predominant method for estimating vehicle trips generated by different land uses or establishment, providing a method for data collection and vehicle trip estimation based on the size of the development (e.g. gross square footage, number of employees, number of dwelling units). These estimates are used in traffic impact analysis to assess the amount of impact the development will have on nearby transportation facilities and, the corresponding charges for mitigating the development's negative impacts, with roadway expansions, added turning bays, additional parking or traffic signalization, for example. The Handbook is often criticized, however, for its inability to account for variations in travel modes across urban contexts. For more than fifty years, ITE has collected suburban, vehicle-oriented data on trip generation for automobiles only. Despite the provision of warnings against application in urban areas, local governments continue to require the use of the ITE Handbook across all area-types. By over predicting vehicle traffic to developments in urban developments, developments may be overcharged to mitigate these developments locating in urban environments despite the lower automobile mode shares, discouraging infill development or densification. When ITE's Trip Generation Handbook overestimates the vehicle impact of a development, facilities are also overbuilt for the automobile traffic and diminishing the use of alternative modes. When ITE's TGH underestimates this impact, adjacent facilities may become oversaturated with traffic, pushing cars onto smaller facilities nearby. Currently, there is momentum amongst practitioners to improve these estimation techniques in urban contexts to help support smart growth and better plan for multiple modes. This research developed and tested a method to adjust ITE's Handbook vehicle trip generation estimates for changes in transportation mode shares in more urban contexts using information from household travel surveys. Mode share adjustments provide direct reductions to ITE's Handbook vehicle trip estimations. Household travel survey (HTS) data from three regions were collected: Portland, Oregon; Seattle, Washington; and Baltimore, Maryland. These data were used to estimate the automobile mode share rates across urban context using three different adjustment methodologies: (A) a descriptive table of mode shares across activity density ranges, (B) a binary logistic regression that includes a built environment description of urban context with the best predictive power, and (C) a binary logistic regression that includes a built environment description of urban context with high predictive power and land use policy-sensitivity. Each of these three methods for estimating the automobile mode share across urban context were estimated for each of nine land use categories, resulting in nine descriptive tables (Adjustment A) and eighteen regressions (Adjustments B and C). Additionally, a linear regression was estimated to predict vehicle occupancy rates across urban contexts for each of nine land use categories. 195 independently collected establishment-level vehicle trip generation data were collected in accordance with the ITE Handbook to validate and compare the performance of the three adjustment methods and estimations from the Handbook. Six land use categories (out of the nine estimated) were able to be tested. Out of all of the land uses tested and verified, ITE's Trip Generation Handbook appeared to have more accurate estimations for land uses that included residential condominiums/townhouses (LUC 230), supermarkets (LUC 850) and quality (sit-down) restaurants (LUC 931). Moderate or small improvements were observed when applying urban context adjustments to mid-rise apartments (LUC 223), high-turnover (sit-down) restaurants (LUC 932). The most substantial improvements occurred at high-rise apartments (LUC 222) and condominiums/townhouses (LUC 232), shopping centers (LUC 820), or coffee/donut (LUC 936) or bread/donut/bagel shops (LUC 939) without drive-through windows. The three methods proposed to estimate automobile mode share provides improvements to the Handbook rates for most infill developments in urban environments. For the land uses analyzed, it appeared a descriptive table of mode shares across activity density provided results with comparable improvements to the results from the more sophisticated binary logistic model estimations. Additional independently collected establishment-level data collections representing more land uses, time periods and time of days are necessary to determine how ITE's Handbook performs in other circumstances, including assessing the transferability of the vehicle trip end rates or mode share reductions across regions.

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Sandes, Caroline A. "The conservation and preservation of 'fragmentary' archaeological sites in modern urban contexts : post-war redevelopment in London, Berlin and Beirut." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445345/.

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This research is concerned with the conservation of fragmentary archaeological features in the modem city particularly within the context of the social and architectural trauma associated with post-war redevelopment. This site type is generally represented by building foundations and architectural ruins, stretches of town wall and other such masonry remains that have been conserved in isolation, as opposed to being integrated into later buildings. The research issues that are examined in this thesis are, what were the initial reasons for conserving individual sites, and what function do these sites actually serve once they have been conserved The broader issue of the political, socio-cultural and academic values of conserved fragmentary archaeological remains in the modem city will also be examined. The historic cities of London, Berlin and Beirut offer three very different scenarios of post war redevelopment: London after World War II was victorious Berlin was not, and was subsequently divided between two very different political regimes before being reunited after the Cold War Beirut was also physically and socio-politically divided but as a consequence of fifteen years of civil war. Taken together, the post-war redevelopment in these three cities, and the differing treatment of archaeological remains within that context, provide a broad and contrasting range of the social, political, cultural and academic concerns of conservation since 1945. By examining such archaeological sites during such times of heightened need and greater awareness - this research aims to identify the specific reasoning behind the conservation of such sites in cities generally, and how their values may be best promoted in their conservation and in their display.

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34

Hill, Heather. "A Study of Black Adolescent Females Writing in an Urban Public School." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1482226538261338.

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35

Fastenrath, Sebastian [Verfasser], Boris [Gutachter] Braun, and Diez Javier [Gutachter] Revilla. "Urban Sustainability Transitions in the Building Sector. Insights from contrasting contexts: Freiburg and Brisbane / Sebastian Fastenrath ; Gutachter: Boris Braun, Javier Revilla Diez." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1163728446/34.

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36

LIANG, XIAOXU. "Urban Heritage and ICTs - A Hybrid Research on the Formal and Informal Participatory Management for Cultural Heritage in Chinese Rapid Urbanization Contexts." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2969936.

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37

Velasquez, Eleanor. "Unique island habitats: A comparison of community assembly in marine and terrestrial contexts." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/124649/2/Eleanor%20Velasquez%20Thesis.pdf.

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This project investigated the fundamental principles of the Theory of Island Biogeography. How biodiversity is influenced by habitat age, size, isolation and quality was studied in two little-known ecosystems; pumice-rafted marine communities that travel through the Pacific Ocean and strand on shorelines, and Queensland's critically endangered Melaleuca irbyana forests. This research found that while habitat age, size and isolation were important for species richness; habitat quality, defined by resource availability and climate, was more influential for predicting biodiversity levels. Small pumice stones and small remnant forests can provide the conditions species need to prosper. Therefore, small and isolated habitats are also important to conserve.

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38

Garcia, Ferrari Maria Soledad. "What mediates the impacts of globalisation on urban form and physical infrastructure in specific contexts? Case studies of the River Plate and Oresund." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/126.

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39

Pujiastuti, Sri Indah [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Holodynski. "Socializing moral in preschoolers : a cross-cultural comparison between German and Indonesian preschool teachers in urban contexts / Sri Indah Pujiastuti ; Betreuer: Manfred Holodynski." Münster : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204999805/34.

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40

VRENNA, MAURIZIO. "Design and microalgae. A self-produced system to grow Spirulina for food use." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2895409.

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41

Jasinski, Jenifer Ann. "Contexts, genres and imagination : an examination of the interplay between a teacher's writing instruction and her students' writing behaviors and beliefs in an urban elementary classroom /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487935958847805.

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42

Saleh, Selman Andrea. "Bridging the regional scale and local contexts in the pursuit of sustainable interventions : Three cases along the Mapocho River in Santiago, Chile." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263165.

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Alike many urban rivers, the Mapocho River in Santiago withstands enormous pressures from urban development. In the last decades there has been an increasing interest in the river, opening an opportunity to intervene its riparian areas where land is still available. But there is also the threat that future interventions will continue to be treated in isolation and respond to sectorial interests, hindering the river’s potential in the long run. With this in mind, the research aims to explore a way of understanding local contexts that takes into account both regional and local realities, providing a more holistic basis over which sustainable local interventions could take place in the future. Resilience theory is used as a conceptual framework to understand sustainability in its broad sense, aim at sustainability transformations through cross-scale interactions, and pay attention to the way in which social-ecological dimensions interact. Focusing on three local sites along the river, the analysis first explores priority ecosystem services from a regional perspective and then focuses on dimensions that become apparent at the local scale through site observations. This results in the proposition of a framework that explicitly links dimensions across scales by defining the way in which they interact to put forward what is possible and desirable in the current scenario. Within this interplay, the regional scale determines the influential capacity of the local site in question to alleviate regional sustainability challenges, while providing the relevance and urgency of specific ecosystem services to emerge. The local scale frames the spatial and socio-cultural feasibility to intervene the site, putting forward physical and value dimensions. The analysis of interactions highlights relevant linkages and conflicts that could inform and guide sustainable interventions at the local scale. Findings suggest that a specific ES can sometimes serve as a gateway to pursue synergicefforts between diverging interests, that physical dimensions like spatial delimitation and accessibility can play a key role, and that the consideration of value dimensions can help handle inevitable trade-offs.
Likt många andra urbana floder är Mapocho-floden i Santiago utsatt för omfattande påfrestningar till följd av en urban utveckling. Under de senaste decennierna har dock intresset för floden ökat, vilket har öppnat upp för nya möjligheter att kunna påverka flodens strandområden kring de platser där mark fortfarande finns tillgängligt. Trots detta kvarstår emellertid hotet om att framtida insatser ska fortsätta behandlas isolerat och svara på sektoriella intressen, vilket därmed skulle kunna inverka negativt på flodens potential på längre sikt. Med detta i åtanke syftar denna studie till att utforska sätt att förstå lokala sammanhang som tar hänsyn till både regionala och lokala verkligheter och som därmed kan bidra till en mer holistisk grund för hur lokalthållbara interventioner kan äga rum framöver. I studien används resiliensteorin som ett konceptuellt ramverk för att förstå hållbarhet i dessvida bemärkelse, syfta till hållbarhetsomvandlingar genom interaktiva interaktioner och uppmärksamma hur social-ekologiska dimensioner interagerar. (Hard to understand). I analysen har ett antal prioriterade ekosystemtjänster undersökts ur ett regionalt perspektiv för tre lokalaplatser längst floden och därefter har analyser utförts för de dimensioner som har kunnat identifierats på lokal skala genom platsobservationer. Resultatet av detta arbete har lett fram till ett ramverk tänkt att koppla samman dimensioner mellan skalor genom att definiera hur de interagerar och på så vis synliggöra vilka möjligheter som finns i de aktuellas cenarierna. Inom detta samspel är det den regionala skalan som avgör graden av påverkan de lokala platserna har i rollen att kunna motverka regionala hållbarhetsutmaningar, samtidigt som det blir möjligt att kartlägga specifika ekosystemtjänster som kan vara relevanta och av brådskande karaktär. Den lokala skalan ramar in de rumsliga och sociokulturella möjligheterna att kunna ingripa på platserna genom att lägga fram både fysiska och värdefulla dimensioner. Analysen av dessa interaktioner har således kunnat belysa relevanta kopplingar och konflikter som kan informera och vägleda beslutsfattare kring hur hållbara åtgärder kan genomföras på den lokala skalan. Studiens resultat visar även på att specifika ES ibland kan verka som en brygga för att bedriva synergiska kraftansträngningar mellan divergerande intressen, där fysiska dimensioner likt rumslig avgränsning och tillgänglighet kan spela nyckelroller samt där övervägning av diverse värdedimensioner kan bidra till att hantera oundvikliga trade-offs.

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43

Sacramento, Pedro Nuno Branco. "Novos modos de habitar num contexto urbano consolidado." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12155.

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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura com Especialização em Arquitectura de Interiores, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.
Este trabalho aborda o tema dos novos modos de habitar num contexto urbano consolidado, utilizando o edificado do Hospital de Santo António dos Capuchos como modelo de regeneração urbana. Para esse efeito é aplicado aqui, a partir de uma estratégia de manutenção e reabilitação do edificado existente, um programa híbrido, de modo a proporcionar uma variedade de valências que facilitem e complementem a vida quotidiana dos habitantes da Colina de Santana introduzindo habitação temporária, espaços de trabalho e de recreio. A densificação do centro urbano é assim trabalhada, não só pensando na massa construída mas também através da concepção e desenho de espaços verdes, que, abrindo e conectando este território com a cidade, cria novos fluxos populacionais que impulsionam por sua vez, a regeneração urbana da Colina.
ABSTRACT: This work aims to debate about the new dwelling approaches on an urban consolidated context. For that purpose, it was used the old Santo António dos Capuchos Hospital building, as a model for urban regeneration. Hence, and with a strategy based on a pre-existing building’s maintenance and rehabilitation, a hybrid program was applied here, aiming to create a vast variety of amenities so as to improve and complement Colina de Santana inhabitants’ daily life. The facilities comprehend the introduction of temporary residency, work and leisure spaces. This way we are able to work on the urban center densification,not only through the built mass/aggregate but also through the conception and re-arrangement of the green areas. By creating a new sense of opening of this city area, new population fluxes can be created.

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44

RUBINO, IRENE. "The values and plus values of built heritage resources in the digital economy era. Methodological approaches and multi-perspective analysis on peer-to-peer accommodation systems in urban contexts." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2752657.

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45

Akyelken, Nihan. "Capital and development in social and cultural contexts : an empirical investigation on transport infrastructure development and female labour force in Turkey." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:01b1cb7a-aac9-436f-82c5-eb7ab8db138c.

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Non-economic factors like culture and politics, as well as the socio-economic background, matter significantly in directing economic development endeavours towards social wellbeing. Therefore, the current narrow definition of economic development must be extended to include overall wellbeing. As one of the primary forms of physical capital constituting a regional economy, transport investments have played a significant role in development plans. Given that accessibility to social infrastructure is a basic need, certain levels of infrastructure are essential. How these investments have an impact on different groups of individuals has kept many scholars busy for a long time. However, the economic spillover effects of these investments into female labour markets have remained largely unexplored. Situating the implications of development initiatives, including transport investments, for female labour markets in social and cultural contexts requires an integrated view of the regional economy. Although economic geography and existing development theories provide extensive conceptual models to elucidate the links between transport, labour markets and culture, the methodological implications are obscure; hence, the empirical evidence remains weak. This thesis explores the economic and non-economic dynamics of regional economies to clarify the links between transport infrastructure, labour markets, and social and cultural conditions. In particular, the association between female labour forces and development efforts, in the form of transport infrastructure development, is conceptually and empirically examined. This thesis conducts a case study on Turkey. With the extensive infrastructure investment that has been made since 2002 and the extremely low rates of female labour force participation (around 25%), compared to EU-15 and OECD averages of around 65%, Turkey serves as an illuminating case. Theoretically, the study shows that the focus of transport economics on the economic growth effect of investments is not consistent with current efforts to extend economic development objectives: transport research requires a broader view to assess its development implications. The study demonstrates how the interactions between the economic, physical, political, cultural and socio-economic attributes of regions significantly affect how individuals benefit from the investments. The overarching policy implications of the study are useful for regional development policy with a gender focus: complementary policy interventions in human capital development and the consideration of social and cultural attitudes should strengthen the positive impacts of physical investments on female labour markets.

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46

Natanian, Jonathan [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Auer, Thomas [Gutachter] Auer, Shady [Gutachter] Attia, and Guedi [Gutachter] Capeluto. "Beyond Zero Energy Districts: A Holistic Energy and Environmental Quality Evaluation Workflow for Dense Urban Contexts in Hot Climates / Jonathan Natanian ; Gutachter: Thomas Auer, Shady Attia, Guedi Capeluto ; Betreuer: Thomas Auer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1234149095/34.

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47

Bezerra, Edilane Nunes Régis. "Saúde mental masculina: prevalência e vulnerabilidades aos transtornos mentais comuns nos contextos rural e urbano." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2017. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9066.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Psychic illness, highlighting Common Mental Disorders (CMD), one of bigest issues menking is facing actually, from non-psychotic nature. Those disorders involves a sinals set and related symptoms, mainly, to somatic problems and depressive and anxiety symptons generally related to life conditions and occupational structure. So, our goal is to analyse the vulnerabilities aspects on common mental disorders in Paraíba’s men, comparing urban and rural contexts. There were realized two empiric studies. The first is a quantitative epidemiological research wich its objective was estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders in capital and rural cities’ on men from Paraíba, associated to social economic factors, life style, search for treatment and mental health. In a sample of 432 men (160 linving in capital and 272 living in rural cities), from 21 to 59 years-old age group, were applyed a set of instruments: SRQ-20; Life Style, Acess and Health Atendance, Mental Health and Social-Demographic Questionnaries, which results were evaluated by descriptive statistics, Prevalence ratio, association (chi-square and test t) and multivariate. The CMD prevalence found among men from urban context was 46,3% and 18,4% from rural. It was observed the association between CMD presence and the age group (X2=9,183; p=0,01), with higher prevalence on yougest age group (44%), decreasing during life course (40% on group between 30 and 49 years-old and 15% on group above 50 years-old). The schoolarity association (X2=11,182; p=0,01) points to prevalence increase with schoolarity (basic: 29%; high school: 38%; university: 30%); so, we can deduce, given sample’s low Family income, that suffering can come from Family income increasing abstance after increasing the schoolarity level. At last, there was the association of CMD presence with marital status (X2=11,755; p=0,008), with bigger difference between singles (43%). The second study, qualitative, had as objective to analyse – from the participants description, which vulnerabilities elements (individuals, socials and programmatic) to CMD are presents on men’s lives from cities rurals and urbans. There were 07 men from rural context and 16 from urban context participating, with ages from 21 to 59 years-old, it was utilized individual enterviews analyzed through themactic categorial technique. Thematic categorization allowed obtaining three thematic classes: the first named “Male Suffering Contexts” refered to suffering individual aspects and involved seven analysing categories, a) Symptomatology; b) Main motives to getting ill; c) Illness consequences; d) Selfcare practices; e) Health care; f) Metal Health Care; g) Social support net. In second thematic class, named “Male Psychic Suffering Experiences”, had made refference to suffering social and intersubjetives aspects involved four analysis categories: a) Marital Relations; b) Gender Relations; c) Labor factors which step in metal health; d) Rural and urban everyday. The third thematic class was named “Professionals more sensitive and humanized to male suffering”. The results allowed to conclude, in urban context, that the relation between individual, social and programatic aspects associated to urban violence, finantial issues, unemployment, marital issues, lack of perspective and professional grown, health issues (family and personal), work oveload, social isolation, contrinute to CMD vulnerability situations between men linving on urban context.
O adoecimento psíquico, com destaque para os Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC), é um dos grandes problemas enfrentados na atualidade, de natureza não psicótica, tais transtornos envolvem um conjunto de sinais e sintomas relacionados, principalmente, às queixas somáticas e sintomas depressivos e ansiosos, geralmente associadas às condições de vida e à estrutura ocupacional. Neste sentido, objetiva-se analisar os aspectos de vulnerabilidades aos transtornos mentais comuns em homens paraibanos comparando os contextos urbano e rural. Foram realizados dois Estudos Empíricos. O primeiro trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, epidemiológica, com objetivo de estimar a prevalência dos transtornos mentais comuns em homens da capital e de cidades rurais paraibanas, associados com fatores socioeconômicos, de estilos de vida, busca por atendimento e saúde mental. Para uma amostra de 432 homens (160 residentes na capital e 272 em cidades rurais), na faixa etária de 21 a 59 anos, foi aplicado um conjunto de instrumentos: SRQ-20; Questionários de Estilo de Vida; de Acesso e Atendimento em Saúde; de Saúde Mental; Sócio-demográfico, cujos resultados foram analisados por estatística descritiva, razão de prevalência, de associação (qui-quadrado e test t) e multivariada. A prevalência de TMC encontrada entre os homens do contexto urbano foi de 46,3% e 18,4% no rural. Observou-se associação entre a presença de TMC com a faixa etária (X2=9,183; p=0,01), com maior prevalência na faixa etária mais jovem (44%), diminuindo no decorrer da vida (40% na faixa entre 30 e 49 anos e 15% na faixa acima de 50 anos). A associação com a escolaridade (X2=11,182; p=0,01) aponta o aumento da prevalência juntamente com o aumento da escolaridade (fundamental: 29%; médio: 38%; superior: 30%), podendo-se inferir, dado a baixa renda familiar da amostra, que o sofrimento pode decorrer pela ausência de melhoria na renda após o aumento da escolaridade. Por fim, houve associação da presença de TMC com o estado civil (X2=11,755; p=0,008), com maior diferença entre os solteiros (43%). O segundo estudo, qualitativo, objetivou analisar – a partir do relato dos participantes, quais elementos (individuais, sociais e programáticos) de vulnerabilidades aos TMC estão presentes nas vivências dos homens de cidades rurais e urbana. Participaram 07 homens do contexto rural e 15 do contexto urbano, com idades entre 21 e 59 anos, utilizando-se de entrevistas individuais, analisadas por meio da técnica de análise categorial temática. A categorização temática permitiu a obtenção de três classes temáticas: a primeira intitulada “Contextos de sofrimento masculino” fez referência aos aspectos individuais do sofrimento e envolveu sete categorias de análise, a saber, a) Sintomatologia; b) Principais motivos para o adoecimento; c) Consequências do adoecimento; d) Práticas de autocuidado; e) Cuidado em saúde; f) Cuidado em saúde mental; g) Rede de apoio social. Já a segunda classe temática, intitulada “Vivências de sofrimento psíquico masculino, fez referência aos aspectos sociais e intersubjetivos do sofrimento e envolveu quatro categorias de análise, a) Relações Conjugais; b) Relações de gênero; c) Fatores no trabalho que interferem na saúde psíquica; d) Cotidiano urbano e rural. A terceira classe “Profissionais mais humanizados e sensibilizados ao sofrimento masculino”. Os resultados permitiram concluir que, no contexto urbano, há uma maior prevalência de transtorno mental comum, a relação entre os aspectos individuais, sociais e programáticos, associados à violência urbana, problemas financeiros, desemprego, problemas conjugais, falta de perspectiva e crescimento profissional, problemas de saúde (familiares, pessoal), sobrecarga de trabalho, isolamento social, contribuem para situações de vulnerabilidades aos TMC entre os homens residentes no contexto urbano.

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Björklund, Sanne. "Preschool outdoor environment i the urban context/Förskolans utemiljö i den urbana kontexten." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22898.

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Den förtätade staden ses idag som en självklar del av en hållbar stadsutveckling. Vi lever i en urbaniseringstid och frågor kring hur vi kan skapa en förtätad stad av god kvalitet står högt på agendan. När allt fler människor lever i staden skapas ökad efterfrågan på samhällsservice i staden, som till exempel barnomsorg. I Sverige är det kommunen som ansvarar för att tillgodose medborgarna med denna service. Den svenska förskolan, som är den institution där detta behov till stor del ska tillgodoses, har i sin tur krav på god pedagogisk verksamhet samt en bra miljö för barnen, såväl inne som ute.Den här uppstasen handlar om hur förskolans utemiljö konstrueras i den urbana kontexten. Förskolans utemiljö i staden studeras utifrån de strategier som skapas i och med målsättningar kring både en förtätad stad och en förskola med goda utemiljöer. Genom en kvalitativ analys skapas en komplex bild av alla de strategier som genereras på olika nivåer i den offentliga sektorn, samt hur dessa strategier förhåller sig till varandra.Uppsatsens slutsats landar i hur strategierna påverkas av NPM-influenser och hur gräsrotsbyråkraten väljer att använda sig av sitt handlingsutrymme. Det visar sig också att strategierna verkar skapa en diskrepans mellan de delar som utgör helheten för en bra pedagogisk verksamhet.
The dense city is now seen as a self-evident part of a sustainable urban development. We live in a time of urbanization, and questions about how we can create a dense city of good quality are high on the agenda. As more people live in the city the demand for public services, such as childcare, also increases in the city. In Sweden, the municipality is responsible for meeting the public with this service. The Swedish preschool which is the institution where this needs are supposed to be met, have in turn, their demands on sound pedagogical activity and a good environment for children, both indoors and outdoors.This paper is about how the preschool outdoor environment is created in the urban context. The preschool outdoor environment in the urban context is studied from the strategies created by the goals around both a dense city and a preschool with good outdoor environments. Through a qualitative analysis appears a complex picture of all the strategies that are generated at different levels in the public sector, and how these strategies relate to each other.Conclusion of the essay lands in how the strategies are influenced by NPM and how the grassroots bureaucrat chooses to use its freedom of choice. It also turns out that the strategies seem to create a discrepancy between the spheres that make up the big picture for a good preschool.

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Bigogno, Paula Guedes. "Você é surdo ou ouvinte? etnografia com surdos em Juiz de Fora - MG." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1184.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo a investigação de um grupo de surdos na cidade de Juiz de Fora, que a partir da reivindicação de reconhecimento e inserção social, tem construído uma rede de interações, propondo-se a vivenciar uma “comunidade surda”. Além da particularidade sensorial dessas pessoas e do uso da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras), foi observado um caráter militante, ativista nos discursos sobre surdez, que inclui as noções de identidade, comunidade e cultura. O trabalho de campo foi realizado e encontros diversos promovidos pela Associação dos Surdos de Juiz de Fora (ASJF), tais como palestras e festas. O principal espaço de pesquisa foi o Centro de Educação e Cultura para o Ensino de Libras (CECEL), especialmente nos momentos em que funcionava como um “clube de surdos” (SACKS, 2005).
This text aims to investigate a group of deaf people in Juiz de Fora -MG, Brasil. This group claims to recognition and social inclusion. It has built a network of interactions, proposing to experience a "deaf community". Besides the sensory characteristic of these people and the use of the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras), there was a militant character because of the activist discourses on deafness, including the notions of identity, community and culture. The surch has included several meetings promoted by the Association of the Deaf of Juiz de Fora (ASJF), such as lectures and parties. The main place of research was the Centro de Educação e Cultura para o Ensino de Libras (CECEL), especially at times when it operated as a "deaf club" (SACKS, 2005).

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Barreto, Jonas Mendes. "PRÁXIS MISSIONÁRIA DO METODISMO EM BELO HORIZONTE (1892-1930) DESAFIOS E NOVOS CAMINHOS PASTORAIS PARA OS GRANDES CENTROS URBANOS." Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, 2008. http://tede.metodista.br/jspui/handle/tede/452.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O presente trabalho teve como um de seus objetivos analisar a inserção e a expansão do metodismo em Belo Horizonte MG, na perspectiva da práxis pastoral da Igreja, no período de 1892 a 1930, a fim de demonstrar que esse grupo, que foi o primeiro de natureza protestante a chegar à capital de Minas Gerais, desenvolveu sua ação missionária, caracterizada pela educação e evangelização. Sua inserção se dá num contexto marcado pelos ideais de modernização, inspirados no liberalismo e positivismo, quando profundas transformações na esfera econômica, política, nas concepções urbanístico-arquitetônicas e nos aspectos socioculturais se processavam na sociedade brasileira, especialmente entre o rompimento com o passado colonial e o desejo de modernização identificado na mudança do Império para a República, alterando assim o jeito do Brasil ser nação e apontando novos caminhos de diversidade religiosa. Esse novo momento permitiu ao metodismo construir sua identidade missionária a partir da relação da Igreja com a cidade e a cultura. A pesquisa, ao realçar ênfases missionárias do metodismo histórico e brasileiro, objetiva também resgatar a identidade do metodismo à luz da realidade urbana, entendendo ser essencial para ressignificar a práxis missionária nos dias de hoje. As ênfases do metodismo nascente, tanto na Inglaterra como nos EUA, e brasileiro puderam ajudar a construir uma nova proposta de missão para as grandes metrópoles brasileiras como Belo Horizonte. A construção dessa nova proposta nos contextos urbanos passou pelo redimensionamento de ênfases do metodismo (santificação transformadora, espiritualidade relevante, vocação pública, comunidade solidária), contribuindo na construção de uma pastoral que seja relevante para o contexto urbano.

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Дисертації з теми "Urban Contexts"

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