Дисертації: "Urban areas, urban planning"

1

Ho, Chiu-fan, and 何超凡. "Planning of market complexes in urban areas." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257781.

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2

Ho, Chiu-fan. "Planning of market complexes in urban areas /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13117555.

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3

Nicoson, Jeff. "Urban pedestrian corridors : derivation of effective design criteria for successful urban pedestrian life." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1259751.

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This study presents a comprehensive overview of pedestrian mall design and associated criteria. The pedestrian has, over time, been removed as the most dominant form of street life by automated and mass transportation. Cities are attempting to solve this dilemma. Several cities have renovated lengths of street to pedestrian malls in the hopes of drawing people back to the downtown environment. Detailed looks at selected case studies provide several relevant criteria including programmed activities, the need for some form of vehicular access and large retail diversity. The criteria were utilized in the design of a pedestrian corridor in downtown Louisville, Kentucky, in conjunction with the renovation of the Louisville Galleria. Two site designs were performed based upon the criteria to provide multiple solutions for the selected site. While the solutions presented represent the work of one individual, others may have a very different approach to the same problem.
Department of Landscape Architecture

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4

Holzer, Katie Ann. "Amphibian-Human Coexistence in Urban Areas." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3646306.

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Pristine landscapes are decreasing throughout the world, and many of Earth's species can no longer survive exclusively in the remaining small and isolated reserves. At the same time, urban landscapes are increasing, and can serve as potential habitat for many wildlife species. Amphibians are facing striking global declines and are particularly impacted by urban development as they often reside in areas attractive for human settlements such as flat, productive lowland areas with abundant fresh water. My dissertation aims to increase understanding of amphibian use of these landscapes and how management and planning can adapt to benefit their persistence. I conducted observational studies of amphibians and associated habitat features in two very difference landscapes and constructed experimental ponds to examine relationships between a native frog, a common pollutant, and common urban wetland plants. One observational study was in Portland, Oregon where formerly abundant wetlands have been destroyed and altered while many have also been restored or created. The other was throughout the relatively understudied urban and agricultural centers of Vietnam where biodiversity and human population growth are high. In both Portland and Vietnam I found that most regionally occurring native amphibians were breeding within city landscapes and in human-constructed water bodies. A common pollutant, nitrate, was strongly negatively associated with amphibians in Portland. In a mesocosm experiment I found that correlated contaminants are likely driving the pattern. In both Portland and Vietnam, presence of aquatic vegetation and amount of surrounding upland habitat were highly influential for native amphibians. Aquatic vegetation can take many forms, and in urban areas is often dominated by introduced species. I conducted experimental ponds studies to examine the relationship between a native frog and common native and introduced aquatic plant species. I found that the frog preferred and performed better in introduced reed canary grass than any other plants offered. This demonstrates that introduced plants are not universally detrimental to native wildlife species, and that management of these plants should consider the potential negative effects of control actions, especially in urban areas where restoration to a former pristine state is unlikely. Urban areas do not have to be devoid of diverse native amphibian communities, and instead should be viewed as potential habitat for conservation and environmental education. Amphibian use of human-constructed ponds, potted ornamental plants, and introduced reed canary grass demonstrates the adaptability of many species and the need for an integrated view of conservation that includes non-pristine areas. Using the information from this dissertation, city planners and managers can maintain and improve human-dominated landscapes to benefit native amphibians and promote their continued coexistence with humans in these areas.

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5

Tan, Mime, and 陳美美. "Assimilation of urban street into urban green space system." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4500979X.

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6

Donadon, Edilene Teresinha. ""Terrain Vagues" : um estudo das areas urbanas obsoletas, baldias ou derrelitas em Campinas." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258203.

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Orientador: Denio Munia Benfatti
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T17:26:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Donadon_EdileneTeresinha_M.pdf: 101040246 bytes, checksum: 305f8b4033778055b7b5aadbf1b2ee1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Terrain Vagues são os lugares esquecidos na cidade, mas, de forma contraditória, repletos de memória do passado incidindo sobre o presente. Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar se o conceito estabelecido por Ignasi de Solà-Morales, denominado como Terrain Vague, aplica-se às áreas abandonadas e obsoletas na cidade de Campinas-SP. A pesquisa localiza essas áreas ao longo dos rios, das estradas de ferro desativadas, das áreas industriais obsoletas, que descrevam uma situação de abandono, de forte memória de lugar e de possibilidades múltiplas e originais. No estudo de campo, foram identificadas e analisadas as áreas quanto ao seu tipo e à sua formação: linhas férreas e pátios de ferrovias abandonados ou subutilizados; mudança ou deslocamento de áreas e lotes industriais - friche industrielle; margens de córregos com ocupações incompletas ou que se caracterizam como franjas de outras ocupações. Desse modo, o trabalho intenta revelar, através de um conjunto de documentos e sua análise, a potencialidade e a singularidade dos terrain vagues e a sua importância para a cidade, em termos quantitativos e qualitativos. Pretendese, assim, evidenciar a necessidade de uma abordagem mais completa dessas áreas antes de sua total ocupação, ocupação esta que vem ocorrendo de maneira desordenada nas últimas décadas.
Abstract: Terrain Vagues are the forgotten places in the city, but in conflict, full of memories of the past on the present. This work verifies whether the established concept by Ignasi de Solà-Morales, called as "Terrain vague", who analyses the European contemporary cities, can be applied to the abandoned and derelicts areas in Campinas to describe a situation of abandonment, of a strong memory of place, and multiple and even original possibilities. The areas were identified and analyzed according to its type and origin: Railways and its courtyards abandoned or underused; change or displacement of the industrial areas or lands - "Friche Industrielle", uncompleted projects - stream bank with uncompleted settlements or areas which are characterized as "fringe" of other occupations. Eventually, aims to reveal, through a set of documents and its analysis, the potentiality and the uniqueness of the Terrain Vagues in Campinas. That means bringing to light what they represent to the city - quantitatively and qualitatively. Furthermore it intent to emphasize the need for a more complete approach of these areas before its occupation, that has been happening in a disordered way in recent decades.
Mestrado
Arquitetura e Construção
Mestre em Engenharia Civil

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7

Younes, Bassem Mohammed. "The effectiveness of new road schemes in urban areas." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46623.

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8

Cheuk, Hau-kwan Elsa. "Recreation planning in urban fringe park within metropolitan area /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13117488.

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9

Ode, Åsa. "Visual aspects in urban woodland management and planning /." Alnarp : Dept. of Landscape Planning, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/a380.pdf.

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10

Phillips, Peter M. "Land use planning in urban areas : towards an ecosystems approach." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2014. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23533.

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Urbanisation - the demographic transition from rural to urban - can pose challenges for urban areas by increasing pressure on urban ecosystem services. In meeting these challenges, urban planning and design is increasingly looking towards techniques that work with rather than against nature. Despite this, the impact of urban land use/management on urban ecosystem services is currently little understood and urban land use planning stakeholders have limited means by which to assess the impacts of their decisions on urban ecosystem services. The overarching aim of this thesis therefore is to understand, develop, trial and evaluate new approaches to urban planning that can operationalise key aspects of the ecosystems approach. The interdisciplinary research approach adopted had three main stages: 1) review, assessment and synthesis of technical evidence to inform the development of principles and technical guidance for ecosystems approach based urban land use planning; 2) development a nd trialling of new tools, models and guidance for considering ecosystem services in urban planning; and 3) evaluation of new tools, models and guidance. The research methods used are document review, rapid evidence assessment (REA), action research and semi-structured interviews. Geographic information system (GIS) technology has been used to integrate qualitative data from the evidence assessment with existing spatial datasets to develop new spatial models for urban land use planning. This thesis has demonstrated how existing technical principles and theories from discrete natural science and social science disciplines (e.g. planning, landscape ecology and hydrology) can be combined with existing spatial datasets to produce tools, models and guidance for ecosystems approach based urban land use planning. In this regard, a new approach to urban planning has been developed comprising the following elements: 1) a suite of ecosystems approach guiding principles; 2) three new spatial models to prioritise land use/management intervention for specific urban ecosystem services; and 3) supporting technical guidance.

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11

Barbosa, Ricardo Victor Rodrigues. "Áreas verdes e qualidade térmica em ambientes urbanos: estudos em microclimas de Macéio (AL)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-03062006-142516/.

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O processo de crescimento da cidade, caracterizado pela substituição da cobertura natural do solo pelo ambiente construído, ocasiona profundas transformações ambientais, modificando os ecossistemas existentes e alterando os padrões de percepção do habitante. Notável transformação também ocorre no aspecto climático, devido à alteração das propriedades iniciais do clima. Esse fator, ao ser ignorado pelo processo de pensar a cidade, compromete a qualidade ambiental urbana. A partir desse cenário, a presente investigação analisou a influência das áreas verdes no comportamento térmico de ambientes urbanos e elegeu a cidade de Maceió-AL como ecossistema de estudo. Nesse sentido, estudou-se, de forma experimental, nove unidades amostrais urbanas distribuídas ao longo de um transcecto, por meio de monitoramento dos valores higrotérmicos em cada ambiente. A análise foi realizada no período de inverno, em escala de abordagem microclimática, no qual foram tomados três dias típicos experimentais, identificados por meio da abordagem dinâmica do comportamento climático. Constatou-se, portanto, que a vegetação presente nas áreas verdes condiciona a criação de ambientes termicamente favoráveis à saúde, habitabilidade e uso dos espaços urbanos - variáveis da qualidade ambiental -, expressos por meio dos resultados de temperatura e umidade do ar obtidos na investigação experimental.
The city growth is characterized by the change of the natural covering of the ground for the built environment. It causes deep ambient transformations that modifies existing ecosystems and also the standards of perception of the inhabitant. Notable transformation occurs in the climatic aspect due to alteration of the initial properties of the climate as well. This factor when ignored for the process of urban planning it compromises the environmental urban quality. From that situation, the present inquiry has analyzed the influence of the green areas in the thermal urban environment behavior which elected Maceió city as ecosystem of the study. According to that, nine located urban units were studied experimentally throughout an axis, through the register of air temperature and air humidity in each environment. The analysis was carried through winter season, in microclimatic scale, where three typical experimental days had been studied, identified through by the dynamic approach of the climate. Of this form, it was evidenced that the present vegetation in the green areas creates environments with temperature of air favorable to the health, habitability and use of changeable the urban spaces [ambient quality aspects]. It was identified for the results registered in the experimental inquiry.

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12

Cheung, Ping-kuen Peter. "Analysis of development potential of underground development in urban areas." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2579906x.

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13

Sellers-Garcia, Oliver. "Regulating new construction in historic areas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37862.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-109).
This study is an examination of how the restrictiveness of different design regulations impacts the process of new construction in historic areas. The North End, South End, and Back Bay neighborhoods of Boston were identified as historic areas that possessed increasingly restrictive design regulations, and within each neighborhood, two recent new buildings were selected as case studies. Each pair of cases represented a project that had undergone either an easy or difficult approval process under the district's design regulations. Using relevant statutes, interviews with regulators, reviewers, and architects, and the official documentation produced during the approval process, histories for each of the new buildings were compiled and compared. The results of this comparison suggest that, counter to the hypothesis, there is not a direct relationship between the restrictiveness of the regulation and certain variables such as historicism, inflexibility, and contextualism. In many ways, the new construction processes that occur in the North End and Back Bay, the least and most restrictive regulatory environments, respectively, resemble each other much more than they resemble the process that takes place in the South End, which is moderately restrictive.
(cont.) Various factors lead to the prevalence of historicist design in the South End, while there is an unexpectedly high probability that new designs in the North End and Back Bay will depart from traditional historic architectural norms. These unexpected results are attributed to the discretion and authority exercised by the individuals administering design review.
by Oliver Sellers-Garcia.
M.C.P.

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14

Cheung, Ping-kuen Peter, and 張秉權. "Analysis of development potential of underground development in urban areas." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980144.

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15

Russel, Immit Mojiol Andy. "Ecological landuse planning and sustainable management of urban and sub-urban green areas in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015497066&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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16

Gan, Guo, and 甘果. "Urban vintage: revitalization of cultural andhistorical area in urban center." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47542603.

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The urban renewal is the inevitable product during the urban development process. Chongqing has been carrying out a serious of reconstruction and urban revitalization during these years, and the SHI-BA-TI area is included in the process. SHI-BA-TI area is one of the most famous sight-spots of Chongqing which represents the traditional culture spirit of the city. So that the high-valuable culture features of the site should be reserved in the reconstruction project and expressed in new way with creative method. The concept of my design is reserving the “old core and skin” while adding in the “new core and skin”. This reconstruction design achieved the objective that reserving the historic and cultural core of the site while adding some urban public functions upon the site, which makes the site correspond to the land value of the city center and help with enhancing the status and image of the city center.
published_or_final_version
Architecture
Master
Master of Landscape Architecture

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17

Fiore, Gaston A. "A robust motion planning approach for autonomous driving in urban areas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45291.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-167).
This thesis presents an improved sampling-based motion planning algorithm, Robust RRT, that is designed specifically for large robotic vehicles and uncertain, dynamic environments. Five main extensions have been made to the original RRT algorithm to improve performance in this type of applications. The closed-loop system is used for state propagation, enabling easy handling of complex, nonlinear, and unstable dynamics. The environment structure is exploited during the sampling process, increasing the probability that a given sample will be reachable. Efficient heuristics are employed in the expansion of the tree and a risk penalty is incorporated to capture uncertainty in the environment and keep the vehicle a safe distance away from hazards. The safety of the vehicle is guaranteed with the assumption of no unexpected changes in the environment, which is achieved by requiring that every trajectory sent for execution ends in a state with the vehicle stopped. Finally, risk evaluation follows a lazy evaluation strategy, allowing the algorithm to spend most of the computation time in the expansion step. The effectiveness of the Robust RRT algorithm for planning in an urban environment is demonstrated through numerous simulated scenarios and real data corresponding to its implementation in MIT's robotic vehicle that competed in the DARPA Urban Challenge.
by Gaston A. Fiore.
S.M.

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18

Sorensen, Andre Bryan. "Land readjustment, urban planning and urban sprawl in the Tokyo metropolitan area." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286593.

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19

王應秋 and Ying-chau Wong. "Residential area planning for the elderly in the old, urban areas of Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31256843.

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20

Wong, Ying-chau. "Residential area planning for the elderly in the old, urban areas of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25940235.

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21

Chen, Lih Horng. "Land use control in residential areas in Taiwan." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292486.

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22

Ho, Bo-wan. "Environmental protection and management through urban planning in old urban areas of Hong Kong : a case study of Central and Western /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14014890.

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23

Corwin, Charles S. "Impacts of professional sports stadium development projects on urban areas." Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8523.

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Master of Regional and Community Planning
Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Jae Hong Kim
Professional sports stadium development projects are major civic endeavors, and city officials and sports franchises often promise stadiums will generate significant gains in the regional economy. This study examines the effectiveness of stadium development in inducing economic development and urban revitalization by conducting a secondary data analysis, and case study of PNC Park and Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Consistent with prior empirical studies, the secondary data analysis shows that stadium projects do not always produce significant regional economic benefits. A close investigation of the two stadium projects in the North Shore neighborhood of Pittsburgh, however, finds substantially positive effects on investment and physical development at the district level. The present research suggests that stadium developments can be a more powerful urban redevelopment catalyst when consideration is given to four essential factors – location, design, institutional structure, and history and timing.

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24

Najaf, Pooya. "A macro-level analysis of traffic and pedestrian safety in urban areas." Thesis, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10245444.

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The main objective of this research is to examine the effect of city-level urban characteristic, such as urban form and trip generation factors, on traffic safety in general and pedestrian safety in particular. For this purpose, the information for 100 major Urban Areas (UAs) in the United States in 2010 is studied. Factor analysis is applied to construct latent variables from multiple observed variables to measure and describe urban form, macro-level trip generation, citywide transportation network features and traffic safety. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is then used to investigate how city-level urban form and trip generation affect traffic safety directly and indirectly (through mediators of transportation network features).

Based on the statistical analysis, it is found that encouraging the use of non-driving transportation modes and controlling traffic congestion, as significant mediators, are effective policies to increase overall traffic safety and pedestrian safety, respectively. In this regard, urban areas with a more even spatial distribution of job-housing balance (more polycentricity), more uniform spatial distribution of different social classes, higher urban density (less sprawl), and more connectivity in their transportation network (more accessibility) have the safest urban form designs.

Moreover, mixed land-use designs with provided local access to services and amenities, food and beverage centers, and religious organizations, followed by strict pedestrian safety standards for neighborhoods are the safest type of land use designs in urban areas. In addition, regulating the off-peak hours allowed time for heavy vehicles and changing the work schedule of workers who do not reside in the urban area can also help city planners to increase traffic safety.

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25

Yildirim, Sibel. "Critical Evaluation Of Adjacent Areas Concept From Urban Growth Perspective In Turkish Urban Planning: The Case Of Ankara." Thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609533/index.pdf.

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The effects of expansion of cities on the fringe area are still the common problems of several countries as well as Turkey. The main problem stemming from rapid urban growth was described as urban sprawl that has been used as waste of land, time, and natural resources. Although sprawl becomes usually unplanned, uncontrolled, and uncoordinated, it can be claimed that some local and national government policies triggers the urban sprawl by creating planned areas more than required. The growth management policies are utilized to provide a responsible balance between development and the infrastructure needed to manage the impacts of development and to control urban sprawl. Four types of urban containment techniques have been used in several countries to control urban sprawl according to fundamental purposes of where to grow and where not to grow. These are greenbelt, urban growth boundary, urban service area and adjacent area. The main objective of this thesis is to investigate the impacts of urban growth on physical development of metropolitan cities and to critically evaluate the raison d'
ê
tre and changing meaning of adjacent areas concept in Turkish urban planning experience in a historical context. Ankara planning experiences are examined as a case study to what extent adjacent area is a functional and effective tool to control sprawl.

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26

Martínez, Campos Ricardo. "Housing abandonment in Mexican metropolitan areas : analyzing planning strategies to reduce housing abandonment in the Metro Area of Guadalajara." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111410.

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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 102-107).
This thesis examines the potential impact and limitations that current metropolitan efforts on urban planning in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara could have in reducing the high rates of housing abandonment the city currently faces. Previous efforts to reduce housing abandonment in the city have not delivered the expected results, and the metropolitan government of Guadalajara has laid out a new Metropolitan Urban Development Plan (POTmet) that seeks to rethink housing allocation and reduce home abandonment. In this document I analyze POTmet's housing allocation and abandonment strategies through interviews with key stakeholders involved in the elaboration process of the plan. I create a narrative around these interviews to understand how stakeholders' interests translate into the final strategy outlined in the POTmet. Later, I contrast these findings with previous efforts to reduce housing abandonment in Guadalajara and with the factors that are currently understood as determinants of the abandonment problem. I discuss what the success and limitations of the POTmet could be in reducing housing abandonment and conclude that, while the POTmet successfully brings together key stakeholders that could work together to reduce home abandonment, previous interests that have driven the abandonment problem in the city are still present in the new proposal. The POTmet also fails to target important contributing factors of abandonment, diminishing its potential for success. I discuss these findings and propose new lines of research and action that the City of Guadalajara can take to achieve its objectives to reduce housing abandonment.
by Ricardo Martínez Campos.
M.C.P.

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27

Cheuk, Hau-kwan Elsa, and 卓巧坤. "Recreation planning in urban fringe park within metropolitan area." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3125777X.

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28

葉威琪 and Wai-ki Yip. "Perception in walking network: a new approachto urban street redevelopment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47544661.

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29

Diko, Stephen K. "Barriers to Urban Greenspace Planning in the Kumasi Metropolis: Implications and Hints for Climate Change Interventions in Ghana’s Urban Areas." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1563527687449757.

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30

Li, Ying. "The assessment, planning and design of small public spaces in urban areas." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2016. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/18091/.

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Jane Jacobs wrote (1989, p. 92), of four similar squares near City Hall in Philadelphia, that only Rittenhouse Square was ‘beloved and successful’. Her explanation was its diversity of pedestrian generators. Other theorists, including Hillier (1999) and Gehl (2010), have given equally confident explanations of why some spaces are more popular than others. Small urban public open spaces (POS) are a problem in China as well as in the west. But POS in China tend to have different origins and to be used in different ways. This was an aspect of the research. In China there were few POS before the 20th century and a great many have been made since 1978. My research set out to develop and test a systematic assessment method which could be used (1) to test theories about POS use and use intensity (2) to assess the character and quality of individual POS in urban areas. In addition to published data, the assessment method uses criteria drawn from theorists and includes assessments of use intensity made by the researcher. The assessment method was tested on 100 small urban POS in London and Tianjin. It was found that the best theories for predicting use intensity were those which grew from empirical research, rather than from armchair theorizing. Further investigation revealed that although no one criterion has universal validity, but that particular criteria can be used to explain the popularity of particular POS. The assessment method could therefore be used to help with the problems that: (1) in China, most POS are surprisingly unpopular (2) in Europe, some POS are less popular than expected. Use intensity is the main criterion used to indicate popularity but it is recognized that other indicators (e.g. questionnaires) could be used.

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31

Renaud, Thomas. "Management Planning for Combined Sewer Systems in Urban Areas under Climate Change." Digital WPI, 2012. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/575.

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Management of urban stormwater is becoming increasingly difficult due to an anticipated increase in precipitation and extreme storm events that are expected under climate change. The goal of this research is to develop an approach that effectively accounts for the uncertain conditions that may occur under climate change and to develop best management practices to manage stormwater in urban areas. This presentation focuses on management of stormwater and combined sewage in Worcester, MA, where approximately four square miles of the downtown area is serviced by a combined sewer system. The EPA Stormwater Management Model was used to determine the impacts of storms on the urban environment for future conditions. This model was used to simulate discharges of selected design storms associated with a range of climate change scenarios. Various design storms were simulated in SWMM for 2010, 2040, and 2070 under high, moderate, and low climate change scenarios. Alternative best management practices were assessed in terms of specific metrics that included flood volumes and combined sewer overflow volumes through the Worcester sewer system. Cost evaluations were used to identify appropriate best management strategies for managing the combined sewer system under future scenarios. A design cost approach and net benefits approach were used to analyze different options for managing stormwater under climate change. Both of these approaches utilize the concept of risk analyze to determine expected values of both costs and benefits for different options under different climate change scenarios. Results for the design cost approach indicate that providing upstream underground storage in select locations throughout the Worcester combined sewer system is the most cost-effective strategy. In addition, increased pumping capacity at the Quinsigamond Avenue Combined Sewer Overflow Storage and Treatment Facility (QCSOSTF) should be included for this option. However, it was determined that only select upstream storage is the most beneficial option under the net benefits approach as increased pumping capacity at the QCSOSTF was determined to be too costly due to the additional costs of CSO treatment required at the facility. The Worcester case study provides an ideal context for assessing the relative advantages of full treatment at the wastewater treatment facility, limited treatment at a centralized CSO treatment facility, decentralized storage options, and low impact stormwater controls. It also allows for an assessment of decision making methods for controlling flows and loads from the Worcester system. Comparisons between Worcester and other case studies provide a foundation for understanding how stormwater and combined sewer systems can be managed given climate change uncertainty.

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32

Dorrance, Richard Adams 1951. "National recreation areas: Landscape planning for outdoor recreation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291979.

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This thesis is an examination of National Recreation Areas managed by the National Park Service, the Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management. It is exploratory in nature and seeks to illustrate their history, how well they are working today, and prospects for the decade of the 1990's. Included is information about the history, benefits, and trends of federal provision of outdoor recreation opportunities. Also included is a section on planning theory and conceptual frameworks--the concept of Multiple-Use, and the theory of Transactive Planning, as developed by John Friedmann. Managers of thirty-six of thirty-seven existing national recreation areas were interviewed by telephone concerning area attributes, the designation process, public support, enabling legislation, impacts of designation, and management mechanisms. A second research effort consisted of the creation of a computer database that serves as an index to the enabling legislation of all thirty-seven areas.

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33

Jia, Zheng M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Cyclone shelters and cyclone resilient design in coastal areas of Bangladesh." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77834.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-210).
Bangladesh is one of those countries that are most vulnerable to tropical cyclones. In recent decades, cyclone mitigations by the Government of Bangladesh and international organizations have greatly increased the coastal communities' resistance to cyclones. This thesis focuses on cyclone shelter programs, one of the most important cyclone mitigating measures. Although cyclone shelters have proven to be effective, they are currently not adequate, which requires more research and development for a more resilient future. This thesis has five chapters: an introduction that defines the problem, a broad review of settlement history and hazards in coastal Bangladesh, a planning chapter that zooms in on the issues at five spatial scales, followed by a design chapter that zooms out from proposals for improving shelter site planning to a more comprehensive analysis of the spatial network of shelters, and larger-scale coastal environmental planning and policy. The conclusion highlights the main contributions of this research: 1) developing a multi-scale integrative approach; 2) expanding the range of choice for structural cyclone mitigations; and 3) addressing environmental and cultural diversity and specificity in physical planning and design. This research can contribute to the improvement of cyclone shelters in Bangladesh and so as to make a successful program even more successful. Keywords: Bangladesh, cyclone shelters, flood hazards, mitigation, disaster resilient design
by Zheng Jia.
M.C.P.

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34

Kumar, Chitra M. 1977. "GIS methods for screening potential environmental justice areas in New England." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68384.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-85).
Over the past decade scholars, scientists, and community advocates have argued that minority and low-income communities have been exposed to disproportionate amounts of hazardous pollution as a result of systematic biases in policy making and discriminatory market forces. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is an important tool used to assist regulatory agencies in identifying these potentially vulnerable or "potential environmental justice" areas so that programmatic decision-making can incorporate EJ concerns. Yet, few studies have documented or evaluated methodologies for EJ-GIS analyses utilized by public agencies. This paper explores various methodologies that approximate where communities at risk of disproportionate burden may be with respect to the unique character and composition of New England. Specific variables explored are race/ethnicity, poverty, and population density. For each variable a scale and threshold/reference value is determined; also, the possibility of establishing a ranking system was contemplated. The importance of investigating spatial clustering and integrating variables into combined criteria was also discussed. This research began with the problem being framed. Then, a survey of the literature and public institutions was done to identify relevant practices and state-of-the-art technology in environmental justice analysis. Next, a process was designed to develop and select an appropriate methodology. This process included meeting systematically with members of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency New England GIS team and Mapping Workgroup of the Environmental Justice Council to discuss and compare various methods of analysis. Based on research results, recommendations were made to the EPA New England regional office on how to improve their demographic mapping system. These recommendations are hoped to be adopted by EPA New England and introduced in a desktop GIS tool by the end of 2002.
by Chitra M. Kumar.
M.C.P.

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35

Feldman, Eric E. (Eric Evans) 1973. "From linear spaces to linear places : recycling rail corridors in urban areas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65992.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-102).
To date, the reuse of abandoned railroad rights-of-way has occurred primarily in suburban and rural areas. However, a new generation of urban rail corridor conversions appears to be underway. More urban in more places than prior rail-to-trail projects, the next generation of rail corridor conversions reflects a broader and more complex notion of rail-to-trail projects. These urban projects are more likely to begin with goals and assumptions that look beyond the traditional emphasis on recreation and commuting. They also tend to be more sensitive to changing contexts along a single right-of-way, can serve as focal points or catalysts for other development efforts and involve a wide range of actors and funding sources. The unique opportunities and challenges of disused urban rail corridors suggest the need for new ways of designing and interpreting urban linear space, as well as the need for an expanded technical and financial resource base to support these efforts. This thesis pursues multiple objectives. Chapter 2 reflects on the basic characteristics of urban rail corridors, the linear attributes that make them desirable for reuse and the potential challenges of working in a linear landscape. The second part of this chapter describes the history and evolution of rail corridor conversions as a planning and urban design concept and surveys relevant literature on the subject. Chapter 3 considers existing urban rail-to-trail precedents and describes the most recent generation of urban rail-to-trail projects, drawing on the experience of five ongoing rail-to-trail conversion projects in Boston, Gainesville, Minneapolis, New York City and the District of Columbia. It identifies six typologies for thinking about urban rail-to-trail projects and highlights specific issues encountered in the planning and design of such projects. Chapter 4 contains a more detailed case study of efforts to convert the New Haven, Connecticut segment of the Farmington Canal rail corridor into a greenway. Chapter 5 concludes with a set of guiding principles and action items for future work in this area, as well as proposed directions for further research.
by Eric E. Feldman.
M.C.P.

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36

Wong, Kam-fung Cindy. "Urban recreation planning in Hong Kong : a case study of Sai Ying Pun and Sheung Wan /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13814084.

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37

Minaki, Mônica. "As praças públicas de Araçatuba/SP : análise de um indicador da qualidade ambiental urbana /." Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96767.

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Orientador: Margarete Cristiane de Costa Trindade Amorim
Banca: Encarnita Salas Martin
Banca: Yuri Tavares Rocha
Resumo: A remoção da cobertura vegetal é um efeito negativo, promovido pela ocupação de um ambiente natural. Em geral, no processo de edificação e ocupação das cidades, sobressaem-se os referenciais arquitetônicos, que se materializam em empreendimentos, resultando no máximo aproveitamento do solo urbano. Nesse sentido, as áreas verdes assumem papel fundamental na reestruturação e reorganização das cidades, já que desempenham importante função na regeneração do meio ambiente frente à urbanização e às perspectivas ambientais. Portanto, propõe-se, neste estudo, a análise da distribuição espacial das praças públicas de Araçatuba e a avaliação dos aspectos referentes ao conteúdo paisagístico e de infra-estrutura, a fim de compreender o papel que desempenham na qualidade ambiental urbana. A cidade, considerada de porte médio (com 169.254 habitantes, segundo o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística IBGE 2000), possui 145 praças públicas. Foi necessária a organização e realização de trabalho de campo, que teve como objetivo levantar subsídios para a caracterização de cada praça pública identificada. A partir das informações obtidas em campo, foram elaborados dois tipos de cadastros. O primeiro Cadastro Quantitativo teve como principal objetivo identificar e determinar o número de praças públicas.
Abstract: The removal of the vegetation cover is a negative effect promoted by the occupation of a natural environment. In general, in the process of urban occupation and building, the architectonic referential excels, provoking the maximum utilization of the urban land. In this way, the green areas take on a fundamental role in the reconstruction and reorganization of the cities, as they assume an important function in the regeneration of the environment towards the urbanization and ambient perspectives. So, this work proposes an analysis of the spatial distribution of the public squares of Araçatuba and the evaluation of the aspects related to the landscape contents and infra-structure, in order to understand the role of the public squares in the quality of the urban ambient. The city, considered a medium-sized one (with 169,254 inhabitants, according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics IBGE 2000), has 145 public squares. It was necessary the organization and realization of a field work, whose aim was to arise subsidies for the characterization of all squares.
Mestre

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38

Carroll, John. "Coastal superquarries in Scotland : critical issues of development in remote coastal areas." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370036.

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39

Gjelsten, Craig A. "Homeland security planning for urban area schools." Thesis, Registration and login required, 2008. https://www.hsdl.org/homesec/docs/theses/08Mar_Gjelsten.pdf&code=0b11819a26de4946f5547907991d6aad.

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40

Schrank, David Lynn. "Identification of the relationship between economic and land use characteristics and urban mobility at the macroscopic level in Texas urban areas." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1245.

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Traffic congestion continues to be a growing problem for cities of all sizes in the United States. Transportation agencies in urban areas are facing the difficult challenges of providing an efficient and reliable transportation system for residents and businesses despite ever-diminishing resources. Agencies in these areas need the capability of determining the future benefits of transportation investments so they can communicate this information to the public. This capability is difficult for many agencies, especially some of the smaller ones, who may not have the resources to make these analyses without turning to expensive long-range models. This research uses readily available socio-economic, land use, and traffic congestion data from many of the Texas urban areas to create prediction models to estimate future traffic congestion levels. Many of the transportation agencies that could utilize this tool do not have the resources to deal with large complex databases. Thus, basic information such as income, employment, single family residences, or commercial properties, to name a few, is used to create the predictions models. Results from this research show that traffic congestion prediction models can be created from socio-economic and land use data. These models were created for eighteen individual Texas urban areas and several combinations of areas. Transportation agencies could use the results of this research to estimate future congestion in their respective areas.

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41

Orta, Ortiz Maria Susana. "Scaling Nature-based Solutions in Urban Areas: Assessment Methods and Insights for Planning and Design." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/355525.

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Nature-based solutions, through the protection, restoration, management, and creation of new and novel urban ecosystems and the provision of ecosystem services, constitute a promising option for pursuing urban sustainability. Despite the scientific evidence of numerous environmental, social, and economic benefits, pilot projects remain the dominant implementation mechanism of NbS in urban contexts. Considering this, the EU policy and scientific community promote scaling NbS, that is, their systematic integration in urban planning and other decision-making processes to impact more people over a longer time frame. This thesis addresses three main scaling mechanisms that can contribute to mainstream NbS in urban areas: the application of NbS in multiple contexts (scaling out), changes in planning regime (scaling up), and new thinking and values (scaling deep). The first part of the thesis assessed the three scaling mechanisms through a qualitative content analysis of policy and planning documents in a real-life Spanish multilevel planning and governance context. Several scaling patterns were identified, upon which planning characteristics that hinder signs of progress on the scaling out, scaling up, and scaling deep of NbS, as well as opportunities, emerged. The rest of the thesis focused on the key challenges of the scaling-out mechanism. The implementation of multiple NbS was simulated stepwise for the case study of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, and curves of cumulative impacts were quantified in terms of ES supply and beneficiaries. The non-linear relationships between NbS implementation and impacts served to discuss critical issues for planning NbS scaling-out strategies. The last study of the thesis investigated the design of specific NbS at the local scale for urban stormwater management, considered a determinant issue for ensuring the adaptability and efficiency of scaled-out NbS. A review of the scientific literature identified a broad set of design variables, related impacts on runoff mitigation and stormwater treatment, and assessment indicators. By critically analyzing the relationship between design variables and impacts, the thesis drew some NbS design recommendations for practitioners. The thesis concluded by providing several insights for the NbS planning and design that can facilitate pursuing scaling goals in urban areas. Finally, further research opportunities emerged concerning assessment methods in various urban contexts and how actions across governance levels and sectors, the role of actors’ coalitions, and co-production/co-learning of knowledge can aid in supporting the flourishment of NbS in cities.

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42

Benedikt, Eva Kjarvalsdottir. "Income generation activities for women in developing areas : a micro-planning model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/71393.

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43

Ho, Bo-wan, and 何寶雲. "Environmental protection and management through urban planning in old urban areas of Hong Kong: a case study ofCentral and Western." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43893557.

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44

Leitão, Sylvia Ramos. "Inclusão do excluído? Política de mobilidade e dinâmica do mercado de terras na expansão da Curitiba metrópole." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16139/tde-12112010-104233/.

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Em Curitiba, a metrópole segmentada formou-se à sombra das sucessivas ideologias de planejamento urbano - a Curitiba planejada do transporte coletivo e a Curitiba reificada pela qualidade de vida, sob o valor maior do pertencimento à Capital Ecológica do país. As alterações recentes na estrutura intra-urbana da Curitiba Metrópole oriundas da expansão do capital e da extensão dos meios de consumo coletivo à periferia conurbada, lá impactaram profundamente os valores de uso da terra urbana, produzindo assim novas tipologias de localizações no território. A tese a ser aqui demonstrada é a de que a lógica da expansão urbana na Curitiba metrópole transformou-se ao longo das duas últimas décadas. O primeiro movimento de expansão veio atrelado à valorização imobiliária do centro em direção à periferia, expulsando a população de mais baixa renda para cada vez mais longe, um processo de periferização imposto pela lógica classista centro-periferia, responsável pela segmentação da metrópole. O segundo movimento advém da política de mobilidade de caráter inclusivo, com a extensão da rede integrada de transporte à periferia segmentada - a RIT metropolitana. O maior impacto daí decorrente foi o da mobilidade social das classes de mais baixa renda, dado o incremento da renda propiciado pelos movimentos pendulares do cidadão metropolitano ao emprego no centro da metrópole. O terceiro movimento de expansão se deu por uma lógica de inclusão do excluído, lógica essa peculiar à Curitiba Metrópole, da qual resulta o acesso à metrópole pelo cidadão metropolitano anteriormente excluído. Da acessibilidade urbana vem a possibilidade de permanência do cidadão metropolitano na nova localização produzida, que nada mais é, do que o bairro popular agora conectado a todos os pontos da Curitiba Metrópole. Por meio da pesquisa empírica, constatou-se que o maior número de localizações produzidas nos últimos quinze anos no cone leste da Curitiba Metrópole, referia-se à lógica de inclusão do excluído, o que veio a revelar um fenômeno - o da tendência de homogeneização dos preços da terra pela homogeneização da acessibilidade urbana. Em última instância, a lógica da inclusão do excluído vem legitimar, portanto, as ideologias da qualidade de vida e do pertencimento à Curitiba planejada.
In Curitiba, the segmented metropolis was formed by the shade of successive ideologies of urban planning the Planned Curitiba of the collective transport and the Re-stayed Curitiba by the quality of life, under the bigger value of the belonging to the Ecological Capital of the country. The recent alterations in the Curitiba Metropoliss intra-urban structure derived from the expansion of the capital and the extension of the ways of collective consumption to the conurbationed periphery, deeply impacted the values of the use of its urban land, thus producing new localizations typologies in the territory. The thesis here demonstrated is that the logic of the urban expansion in Curitiba metropolis was changed along the two last decades. The first movement of expansion came hitched up to the real state valuation from the downtown in direction to the periphery, banishing the population of lower income more and more far away, a periphery process imposed by the downtown-peripheral classist logical, responsible for the segmentation of the metropolis. The second movement comes from the mobility politics of inclusive character, with the extension of the integrated net of transport to the segmented periphery - the RIT metropolitan. The biggest impact resulting from this was the social mobility of lower income classes by the income increment proposed by the pendulum movements of the metropolitan citizen to the employment in the downtown of the metropolis. The third movement of expansion happened by a inclusion of the excluded one logical, logical peculiar to the Curitiba Metropolis from which results the access to the metropolis by the previously excluded metropolitan citizen. From the urban accessibility comes the possibility of permanence of the metropolitan citizen in the new produced localization, that is nothing more than the popular quarter now connected to all the points of the Curitiba Metropolis. By the empirical research was evidenced that the biggest number of localizations produced in the last fifteen years in the east cone of the Curitiba Metropolis, mentioned to the inclusion of the excluded one logical which came to reveal a phenomenon - the homogenization trend of the land prices by the urban accessibility homogenization. Lastly, the inclusion of the excluded one logical comes to legitimize, therefore, the ideologies of the quality of life and the belonging to Planned Curitiba.

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45

Zanetti, Valdir Zonta. "Planos e projetos ausentes: desafios e perspectivas da requalificação das áreas centrais de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16131/tde-30012007-143941/.

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Este trabalho investiga o papel dos planos e projetos urbanos elaborados para a estruturação do processo de (re)qualificação da Região Central da cidade-metropolitana de São Paulo, no período entre 1970 e 2000, e examina quais seriam os desafios presentes e futuros. A partir da avaliação do quadro institucional do planejamento urbano na cidade de São Paulo e das experiências realizadas em algumas grandes cidades mundiais como Rio de Janeiro, Boston, Berlim e Barcelona, visando à atualização e qualificação urbana, observa-se, no caso paulistano, a existência de vazios institucionais e organizacionais que, em grande parte, explicam a ausência de implementação de projetos urbanos na (re)qualificação de suas áreas centrais. Para a superação desta ausência de prática efetiva são recomendados três encaminhamentos: a) complementação do ordenamento institucional do planejamento urbano, nos âmbitos nacional, metropolitano e municipal; b) implantação de um sistema organizacional, político e administrativo, baseado em unidades territoriais menores que o distrito; e c) a montagem de um plano estratégico para coordenar o processo de reabilitação e renovação das antigas centralidades e bairros centrais. Na última parte do trabalho é apresentada uma proposta para a montagem de um plano estratégico para a Área Central de São Paulo, constituído por três ensaios projetuais, considerados prioritários para estruturar e ordenar o processo de requalificação urbana no médio e longo prazos: 1) Santa Ifigênia - Luz; 2) Praça da Bandeira e entorno; e 3) Parque Dom Pedro II - Brás. Estes ensaios procuram exemplificar quais e que tipos de projetos urbanos têm estado ausentes em São Paulo.
This work investigates the role of the plans and urban projects elaborated for the structuring of the (re)qualification process of the Central Region of the metropolitan-city of São Paulo in the period between 1970-2000, and examines which would be its presente and future challenges. Based on the evaluation of the institutional scenario of the urban planning in the city of São Paulo, and on experiences carried through in some large cities of the word, like Rio de Janeiro, Boston, Berlin and Barcelona, and aiming at urban updating and rehabilitation, we note, in the case of São Pauo, the existence of institutional and organizational blanks which, to a great extent, explains the absence of implementation of urban projects in the re(qualification) of its central areas. To overcome this absence of an effective practice, three procedures are recommended: a) complementing the urban planning institutional ordering at national, metropolitan and local levels; b) establishment of an organizational, political and administrative system, based on territorial units smaller than districts; c) the setting up of a strategic plan to coordinate the process of rehabilitation and renewal of old urban centers and central districts. In the last part of this work a proposal is presented for the setting up of a strategic plan for the Central Area of São Paulo, consisting of three project essays considered as priorities in the structuring and ordering of the process of urban revitalization at medium and long terms: 1) Santa Ifigênia - Luz; 2) Praça da Bandeira and surroundings; and 3) Parque Dom Pedro II - Brás. These essays aim at exemplifying which and what type of urban projects are lacking in São Paulo.

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46

Hung, Hoang Vinh. "Integration of disaster risk management and urban planning for resilient communities : policy implications for the riverside urban areas of Hanoi." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/137091.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(地球環境学)
甲第13254号
地環博第20号
新制||地環||4(附属図書館)
UT51-2007-H527
京都大学大学院地球環境学舎地球環境学専攻
(主査)教授小林正美, 助教授 SHAW Rajib Kumar, 教授嘉門雅史
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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47

Jordan, Reed (Reed K. ). "The Dutch Urban Areas Act : a black liberation perspective on the policy of exclusion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118207.

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Анотація:

Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2018.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 90-93).
The Dutch Urban Areas Special Measures Act is a national policy in the Netherlands intended to improve the quality of life in distressed neighborhoods. The Act allows a municipality to designate neighborhoods where the municipality can alter the demographic composition through a housing permit system that regulates access to homes. Cities are allowed to deny permits for residence and therefore exclude in-moving people who do not have an income from work or who have certain police records. What began as a policy experiment in the City of Rotterdam animated by a far-right anti-immigrant movement, the Act is now an institutionalized policy accessible to any city in the Netherlands. In this thesis I present two key missing perspectives on the Dutch Urban Areas Act: how other Dutch cities are using the Act after its origins in Rotterdam and how to understand the Act through analytical frameworks around race. With these perspectives on the Dutch Urban Area Act I present two distinct arguments. The first is that the Dutch Urban Areas Act's diffusion to cities outside of Rotterdam is in conflict with its own statuary basis. Through a complete reassessment of the Acts social and political origins in Rotterdam, my second core argument is that the Dutch Urban Areas Act was conceived to be a spatial policy of racial exclusion. The foundations of the Urban Areas Act, as developed in Rotterdam in the early 2000s, are the same ideas of controlling the movement of a racialized group of people as expressed by state sanctioned segregation policies found historically in the United States and South Africa.
by Reed Jordan.
M.C.P.

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48

Marshall, Timothy Charles. "Local planning in inner city residential areas : studies of Leeds and Manchester 1966-1986." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1990. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/a1f4f945-18ae-419f-86c9-b3bd423f7058/1.

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A new phase of local planning began in the 1970s in the major English cities, as redevelopment of older residential areas began to give way to rehabilitation. This phase has not been intensively studied in the planning literature. This study seeks to assess the contribution of local planning to the processes of renewal in these inner residential areas, with a special interest in arrangements which may give residents of these areas better control over the outcomes. The research examines the factors which conditioned the approach to local planning in each city and each neighbourhood, with case studies of two neighbourhoods in Leeds and two in Manchester. At the citywide level Manchester council's form of Labour politics is seen as generally discouraging the use of local planning frameworks, with the retention of a more centralised council administration. Analysis of the joint operation of a wide range of factors is emphasised as necessary to understand the kinds of local planning adopted and the effects these had. In particular the variation present within each neighbourhood and in each case or episode is seen as significant in influencing local planning processes and outcomes. After 1974 there was less likelihood of even informal area frameworks being used, and greater tendencies towards ad hoc planning decisions on individual cases. It is concluded that extensive changes are needed to make local planning more responsive: changes particularly in the overall resourcing and programming context in which local planning operates, and in the procedures used within planning, above all those for involving local interests and in the way municipal administration is organised. The housing renewal system introduced in 1990 (with Renewal Areas) might, if suitably applied, help to facilitate such a form of more responsive local planning.

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49

Muvhali, Peter Sonndi. "Using sensor web technologies to help predict and monitor floods in urban areas." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5590.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
Since flooding is worldwide one of the most common natural disasters, a number of flood prediction and monitoring approaches have been used. A lot of research has been conducted on the prediction and monitoring of floods by using hydrological models. The problem is that current hydrological models do not offer Disaster Management officials or township residents with timely data and information. In South Africa, possible flood warnings are usually communicated by Disaster Management officials using traditional approaches such as loudspeakers, radio and Television (TV). Making calls to warn residents about the possible occurrence of floods by using such means are, however, neither sufficient nor effective. As the result of improved communication, sensor, software and computing capabilities, the use of sensor networks and sensor web for predicting and monitoring environment have been considered in recent years. In order for sensor data such as sensor measurements, sensor descriptions and alerts to be integrated, the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) introduced the Sensor Web enablement (SWE) standards and suggested different specifications with respect to the geospatial sensor web. The first implementation of the sensor web framework is available. In this research, the results of using the sensor web technologies for predicting and monitoring floods in the urban areas are presented. The aim of this research project is to illustrate how the sensor web technology can help in the prediction and monitoring of floods in the urban areas, particularly in the Alexandra Township (Greater Johannesburg) which has experienced floods each and every year. The focus of this research is on the incorporation of the sensor data into the sensor web technology. The data used as input to sensor web and the hydrological model was historical rainfall data from the South African Weather Service (SAWS). Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) free data from the internet was also used in this research.

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Sahin, Savas Zafer. "Politics Of Urban Planning In Ankara Between 1985 And 2005." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608337/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyzes the inherent informal political relations embedded in urban planning process in the city of Ankara between 1985 and 2005. It has been argued that, urban planning process is -by nature- a political process and micro level political interactions in urban political sphere can be observed by looking at it. The urban planning process, as a political process interacts with existing political mobilization mechanisms and their spatial reflections. Such an interaction may cause emergence of informal political networks interested in derivation of urban land rent. The emergence, sustenance and persistence of these networks are related with the opportunities and legitimization potential of urban planning process. For the verification of hypothesis of the research the city of Ankara was taken as the subject of case study. A methodology consisting of a two phase research is devised to analyze the nature and the dynamics of these networks In the first phase a conventional statistical analysis the research universe consisting of all the all urban development plans and modifications realized in Ankara between 1985 and 2005 was realized. Then, in the second phase based on the patterns explored in the research universe, a specific example of urban planning process was chosen, which represents the patterns of the research universe. This example, Ç
ayyolu 907 Parcel, then subjected to social network analysis. The results of the research has shown that, when the structure of the local political structure changes altogether as a result of for example local elections, the structure of existing informal political networks and the way they exploit urban land rent changes. In these periods the number of urban development plans and urban development plan modifications increase, while the size of the area covered by these plans tends to decrease and mostly confined to prospective areas in central business district and residential areas. Yet, by the time passes, new and diverse political relations are established congruent with the existing political mobilization mechanisms. This time, although the number of plans decreases, the size of the area covered by plans increase and mostly, vacant land in the fringe of the urban macro form become the target of these networks. Although these networks involve a hierarchy in it, extensive brokerage and patron client relations sustain them.

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Дисертації з теми "Urban areas, urban planning"

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