Дисертації з теми "Urban Air Mobility (UAM)"
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Persson, Daniel. "Passenger Flight Experience of Urban Air Mobility." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Observationell astrofysik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-399699.
Повний текст джерелаTarafdar, Sayantan. "Urban Air Mobility (UAM) Landing Site Feasibility Analysis: A Multi-Attribute Decision Making Approach." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104355.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
This thesis aims at the landing sites for the Urban Air Mobility (UAM) concept for commuting passengers in Northern California (17 counties), Southern California (9 counties), and Dallas-Fort Worth (12 counties) region. The aircraft for this service is designed to be an all-electric advanced multi-rotor aircraft with autonomous navigational and Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) capabilities. The commuting trips considered is focused on passengers traveling to work from home and back. This thesis presents the land area requirements of these landing sites, which are calculated from the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Advisory Circular 150/5390-2C using ground-taxi configuration for a typical representative aircraft of an equivalent rotor diameter (RD) of 43 feet. The landing sites are then split into smaller sites and consolidated into larger sites. This thesis also presents a list of plots of land located within the 0.5 statute-mile boundaries of the landing sites for relocation. This entire analysis is based on the availability of land from the Zillow Transaction and Assessment Dataset (ZTRAX). The results presented in this thesis are for 75 and 200 landing sites set in the study area for a passenger Cost-Per-Mile (CPM) of $1.2 and $1.8, respectively. The results show how the availability of land changes for different CPM for a set of landing sites and affects the splitting, consolidation, and relocation of landing sites for each region. In the end, the thesis presents conclusions and recommendations unique to each region.
Vascik, Parker D. (Parker Denys Neff). "Systems analysis of urban air mobility operational scaling." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/128057.
Повний текст джерелаThesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020
Cataloged from the PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 195-205).
Urban air mobility (UAM) refers to a set of vehicles and operational concepts that provide on-demand or scheduled air transportation services for passengers and cargo within a metropolitan area. Prior UAM systems based on helicopters or small aircraft did not achieve sustained, large-scale adoption. The goals of this thesis are: to identify the principal scaling constraints of UAM, to discern how the severity of these constraints varies with different implementation locations and operational concepts, and to assess the feasibility of large-scale UAM services in the United States subject to these constraints. Seven potential scaling constraints are identified through exploratory case studies of UAM operations in three U.S. cities. Of these constraints, the development of takeoff and landing areas (TOLAs) and the provision of air traffic control (ATC) services are proposed as principal near-term constraints and selected for detailed analysis.
The development of high-throughput, small-footprint TOLAs to enable UAM scaling in urban areas is evaluated as a multicommodity flow problem. TOLA design and aircraft performance attributes that enhance throughput per footprint are determined through tradespace analysis. TOLA throughput is found to be highly dependent on attributes of ATC, namely controller workload and separation minima. Estimates of maximum aircraft throughput capacity are developed for representative inner-city UAM TOLAs of various physical designs. The development of procedurally segregated airspace cutouts for UAM flight is shown to be a promising strategy to enable high-volume UAM operations within terminal airspace. Furthermore, four flight procedures are proposed to support UAM access to commercial airports under both instrument flight rules (IFR) and visual flight rules (VFR). Lastly, the magnitude of ATC restrictions on the scale of UAM operations is evaluated in the 34 largest U.S. metropolitan areas.
The degree to which ATC may constrain UAM scale is found to vary widely between these metropolitan areas potentially inhibiting service to over 75% of the population in the most restricted city but less than 15% in the least restricted city. The development of airspace cutouts for VFR UAM operations reduces this variation and increases population coverage from 65% to 80% in the median U.S. metropolitan area.
by Parker D. Vascik.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Zanotti, Nicolas. "Analisi comparativa delle prestazioni per velivoli per Urban Air Mobility." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25520/.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Zelin M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Smartphone-based mobility mapping and Perceived Air Quality evaluation in Beijing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104986.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 117-119).
Recently, the rapid development of smartphone technologies has brought new opportunities for the citizen travel survey. Based on a survey performed using a smartphone app, Moves, in Beijing, China, this thesis discusses the survey design and implementation process as well as the mobility analysis methods. The survey was launched in January 2016. This thesis is based on data from 258 subjects. The air quality is monitored through several objective measures. However, citizens' subjective feelings have rarely been investigated. This thesis develops the Perceived Air Quality (PAQ) measure that captures the sensory reactions to air pollution. The PAQ data are collected through questionnaires, which are part of the travel survey. A strong correlation is found between daily average PAQ and AQI, indicating that the PAQ could become a meaningful indicator for air quality. However, the strong correlation only exists in the aggregated level. Finally, the thesis evaluates the association between travel behavior and air quality. Travel behavior is measured by number of trips, number of non-motorized trips, percentage of non-motorized trips, total distance traveled and total travel time. The air quality is measured by AQI and PAQ. The Random Effect regression models show that the association between travel behavior and air quality is pretty weak. It indicates that currently not many Beijing residents are taking air quality as a crucial factor when making travel decisions.
by Zelin Li.
M.C.P.
Brunelli, Matteo. "Nuovi scenari di trasporto: la sfida dell'Urban Air Mobility." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Знайти повний текст джерелаÅgren, Tove. "Turbulence Modeling in Urban Air Mobility Applications : Modellering av en avstämbar laser med smal linjebredd." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276424.
Повний текст джерелаEn konceptuell metod för att modellera turbulens för rotordrivna fordon i urbana flygförhållanden utvecklades. Metoden baserades på existerande parametriska Control Equivalent Turbulence Input (CETI) modeller. I sin ursprungliga form utgörs CETI-modellens utsignal av styrsignaler med syfte att replikera fordonets rörelserespons som om det opererade i turbulenta förhållanden. Följaktligen så är en CETI-modell direkt bunden till ett specifikt fordon och att extrahera en modell kräver tillgång till relevant flygdata i turbulens. Syftet med den nya modellen var att finna ADE (Atmospheric Disturbance Equivalent)-utsignaler som vore tillämpbara till en bredare klass av rotordrivna fordon. De ekvivalenta komponenterna för ett turbulent hastighetsfält erhölls genom linjärkombinationer av utdata från en CETI-modell. Utdatan genererades genom att filtrera vitt gaussiskt brus genom överföringsfunktionerna som utgör den ursprungliga CETI-modellen. En preliminär utvärdering av den föreslagna modelleringsmetoden utfördes genom att simulera rörelsesvaret hos ett multi-rotorfordon under låghöjd och låghastighetsförhållanden. Det betraktade fordonet var ett NASA-referensfordon designat för tillämpningar inom Urban Air Mobility, specifikt en elektrisk quadrotor för en passagerare. Som referensram jämfördes resultaten med de som genererades genom konventionella teoretiska turbulensmodeller, här Von Karman-modellen. De preliminära resultaten visar lovande indikationer att en empirisk turbulensmodell med den föreslagna metoden är gångbar. För att uppfylla de slutliga målen bör modellen förfinas och valideras ytterligare genom pilotutvärdering.
Rohlik, Lucas, and Sebastian Stasch. "Analyzing the acceptance of Air Taxis from a potential user perspective : Extending the Technology Acceptance Model towards an Urban Air Mobility Acceptance Model (UAMAM)." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43927.
Повний текст джерелаRodríguez, Rey Daniel. "Evaluating the impact of urban mobility policies on the air quality levels of Barcelona by means of an integrated modelling system." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/674001.
Повний текст джерелаLa persistente acumulación de altos valores de NO2 presenta serios problemas de salud. Esto ocurre con frecuencia en grandes zonas urbanas con altas densidades de tráfico. En Barcelona, con una de las mayores densidades de vehículos de Europa, las dos estaciones monitoreo de calidad del aire de tráfico exceden de forma continuada los valores limite establecidos por la 2008/50/EC Ambient Air Quality Directive. Para reducir las emisiones de tráfico Barcelona esta aplicando una serie de restricciones al tráfico con el propósito de renovar y reducir la cantidad de vehículos circulante. Estas medidas incluyen la reducción de espacio al vehículo privado en áreas específicas o en corredores de la ciudad (Supermanzanas o urbanismo táctico) y la implementación de una Zona de Bajas Emisiones (ZBE) que restringe la entrada a los vehículos mas contaminantes. Para cuantificar y evaluar el nivel de eficacia de las restricciones mencionadas, la modelización de calidad del aire se presenta como una herramienta necesaria para complementar la información dada por las estaciones de monitoreo de calidad del aire. Esta tesis evalúa el impacto que las diferentes restricciones tienen en los valores de emisión de NOx y de concentración de NO2 en Barcelona. Para ello, hemos desarrollado un sistema de calidad del aire compuesto por el simulador de tráfico VISUM, el modelo de emisiones HERMESv3 y el modelo de dispersión urbana CALIOPE-Urban, que integra el sistema mesoescalar de calidad del aire CALIOPE y el sistema Gaussiano de dispersión R-LINE. En la tesis se detalla el acoplamiento y el proceso de calibración y validación del sistema de tráfico-emisiones. A continuación, se realiza un estudio de sensibilidad valorando diferentes aproximaciones de variables de alta incertidumbre para la estimación de emisiones tales como la composición vehicular, la implementación del transporte público, el efecto de la temperatura o la consideración de fuentes PM no provenientes del gas de escape. También exploramos las limitaciones del sistema macroscópico desarrollado comparándolo con un sistema de alto detalle compuesto por el simulador micro Aimsun Next y el modelo de emisiones vehiculares PHEMLight. Finalmente, explicamos el acoplamiento del sistema tráfico-emisiones con el sistema de calidad del aire mesoescalar CALIOPE y el urbano CALIOPE-Urban que usamos para evaluar las restricciones de tráfico antes mencionadas en Barcelona y observar sus efectos en las rutas de tráfico, emisiones y concentración a una resolución de 20 metros. Los resultados muestran que las únicas medidas con una reducción global de emisiones NOx son las que consideran la ZBE o una reducción de demanda del -25%. La combinación de todas las estrategias con la reducción de demanda muestra las mayores reducciones en NOx (-30%) mientras que si la demanda se mantiene constante las reducciones observadas son del -13%. Las estrategias que se limitan a restringir el espacio del vehículo muestran reducciones negligibles (+0.1%), aunque generan importantes gradientes a nivel de calle que pueden llegar al +/-17% en NOx. El impacto en los valores de concentración de NO2 sigue los mismos patrones que las emisiones. Los escenarios que comprenden la ZBE y la reducción de demanda del -25% muestran las mayores reducciones (-5 a -10 y -10 a -20 ug/m3 de NO2). La consideración de las medidas que únicamente limitan el espacio al vehículo muestran reducciones de NO2 de +/-5 ug/m3 debido a la redistribución de rutas de tráfico. Concluimos que las reducciones obtenidas son insuficientes para asegurar valores de calidad del aire conforme a los límites de la UE, y están muy lejos de llegar a los nuevos valores guía de la OMS. Las restricciones aplicadas deben ir acompañadas por un mayor descenso del total de vehículos circulantes que podría conseguirse, por ejemplo, mediante la aplicación de un peaje de congestión o la implementación de zonas de cero emisiones, similares a las que se están desplegando actualmente en la ciudad de Londres
Enginyeria ambiental
Multerer, Thomas [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Vossiek, and Georg [Gutachter] Fischer. "Development of a spectrum-efficient OFDM MIMO radar for future urban air mobility applications / Thomas Multerer ; Gutachter: Georg Fischer ; Betreuer: Martin Vossiek." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215343213/34.
Повний текст джерелаRiley, Troy M. "Aeroacoustics and Fluid Dynamics Investigation of Open and Ducted Rotors." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1627667464605408.
Повний текст джерелаHoldren, Matthew C. "Capability Study of Lattice Frame Materials for Use as Recuperative Heat Exchangers in Aircraft Systems." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1554463168699054.
Повний текст джерелаRothfeld, Raoul Leander [Verfasser], Constantinos [Akademischer Betreuer] Antoniou, Kay W. [Gutachter] Axhausen, and Constantinos [Gutachter] Antoniou. "Agent-based Modelling and Simulation of Urban Air Mobility Operation : An Evaluation of Travel Times and Transport Performance / Raoul Leander Rothfeld ; Gutachter: Kay W. Axhausen, Constantinos Antoniou ; Betreuer: Constantinos Antoniou." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1238374212/34.
Повний текст джерелаWilley, Landon Clark. "A Systems-Level Approach to the Design, Evaluation, and Optimization of Electrified Transportation Networks Using Agent-Based Modeling." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8532.
Повний текст джерелаNakhli, Abdelghani. "La mobilité urbaine à Marrakech : enjeux et perspectives." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30007/document.
Повний текст джерелаTo drive and to walk in Marrakesh is very demanding. Main issues concerns mobility, parking and public transport. The global approach on urban transportation also concerns the freely flowing, the safety of the users, the quality of life as well as the sound and air pollutions. Therefore, urban mobility is a current and a future issue in the city of Marrakesh. Moreover, the concept of urban mobility is a relevant indicator of the urban policy of a city. How do the unhabitants daily move in their city? More precisely, who moves and what are the reasons that lead people to move? What is the frequency of these moves and what is the price to pay for moving? Five millions of daily trips are counted in Marrakesh. These daily trips share out like this way: 60% are on-foot trips, 21% are two-wheels trips, 15% are car trips and 4% are public transport trips. The paradox consists in this sharing already causes problems of traffic jam and insecurity of the roads. How Marrakech has led to this point? What kind of measures have been chosen to improve urban mobility in Marrakesh? Are there other suggestions that could make the parking, the driving and the transportation to get better?
Rego, Padraig. "Bikesharing as an intervention: Does it increase cycling? : A controlled interrupted time series study from Helsinki, Finland." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396564.
Повний текст джерелаBertero, Christophe. "Perception de l'environnement urbain à l'aide d'une flotte de capteurs sur des vélos : application à la pollution de l'air." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30321.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis takes place in the context of "smart cities", where the information processing improves the quality of life. It studies the perception of the environment and especially the perception of air pollution in the city using sensors on bikes. The first chapter introduces the technical and scientific challenges in terms of information collection and modeling applied to aerology. The second chapter presents the design of a fleet of mobile instruments for measuring air pollution. We characterize the shape of the sensor network needed for modeling, on the one hand using the literature and on the other hand using a simulation. The third chapter deals with the development of such an instrument. We have built our instrument around a semiconductor metal oxide micro-sensor (MOx sensor) of NO2 and CO, the MiCS-4514, and evaluated its performance in controlled environments. The fourth chapter presents the two deployments of this instrument in the city of Toulouse in France, first with a bicycle rental association and then with bikers from our laboratory, and the dataset collected. Finally, we estimate the pollution levels in NO2 and CO in the city
Prazeres, Duarte Mota Poseiro Rodrigues. "Clustering the Portuguese population regarding adoption and intention to use UAM." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/24056.
Повний текст джерелаCom a crescente utilização dos transportes públicos, os meios que existem atualmente tornam-se insuficientes e incapazes de satisfazer as necessidades da população, surgindo a urgência de desenvolver um novo meio de mobilidade. Recorrendo ao investimento em tecnologias como a automatização, surge um conceito que envolve circulação no espaço aéreo das cidades, Mobilidade Aérea Urbana, que pode ser utilizada para transporte tanto de passageiros como de mercadorias, e demonstra ser uma opção mais sustentável para responder às necessidades de mobilidade dos cidadãos. O presente estudo procura apurar na população portuguesa, que grupos estarão mais recetivos a abraçar esta nova forma de mobilidade, através dos níveis de aceitação e intenção de uso dos veículos aéreos. A recolha de dados é feita recorrendo a um inquérito online, onde inquiridos são apresentados a vários fatores que podem impactar na forma como estes podem vir a aceitar ou utilizar a tecnologia quando esta for implementada, fatores determinantes como segurança, hábitos de mobilidade, o impacto ambiental, ou possíveis benefícios ou desvantagens da sua aplicação. O inquérito foi distribuído em Portugal e foram obtidas 485 respostas, os dados recolhidos foram aplicados de forma a desenvolver uma análise de clusters, antecedida de uma análise de componentes principais para garantir uma divisão dos grupos mais concreta, e também análises não paramétricas. Este estudo pretende entender que grupos, dentro da população portuguesa, estarão mais abertos a receber a UAM como um meio de transporte fiável e que fatores são determinantes para a aceitação desta tecnologia.
Theis, Felix. "Urban air mobility : how automotive companies view the market." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/34722.
Повний текст джерелаNo século XXI, as áreas urbanas são caracterizadas por estradas congestionadas e má qualidade do ar devido às emissões de CO2. A infraestrutura de transporte atual está a atingir os seus limites e os especialistas acreditam que a mobilidade aérea urbana poderia vir a melhorar o tráfego e preservar o meio ambiente. Os táxis aéreos elétricos, que podem transportar duas a cinco pessoas e operam quase sem emissões, podem ser um meio para que tal aconteça. Além de pequenas startups de aviação, algumas empresas automóveis têm também interesse em entrar no mercado. Esta dissertação revelou que empresas de mobilidade aérea urbana e empresas automóveis têm interesse em colaborar umas com as outras de forma a explorar sinergias e moldar o futuro da mobilidade. Já existem algumas colaborações esporádicas, que provavelmente aumentarão no futuro, de acordo com as entrevistas conduzidas com especialistas. Em particular, haverá uma oportunidade no desenvolvimento conjunto de estratégias de vendas / branding ou plataformas de mobilidade digital. Adicionalmente, uma análise de cenários mostrou que o cenário mais provável para a mobilidade aérea urbana em 5 – 10 anos será caracterizado por uma adoção moderada do novo serviço de transporte de passageiros. Muitos obstáculos regulatórios e uma baixa aceitação do público irão complicar a entrada no mercado. No entanto, os especialistas estavam convencidos que os táxis aéreos elétricos acabarão eventualmente por entrar no mercado e revolucionar a mobilidade urbana, reduzir o congestionamento e preservar o meio ambiente
Delgado, Gonzalez Carlos Javier. "Rooftop-place suitability analysis for urban air mobility Hubs: A GIS and neural network approach." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/93642.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, constant overpopulation and urban expansion in cities worldwide have led to several transport-related challenges. Traffic congestion, long commuting, parking difficulties, automobile dependence, high infrastructure maintenance costs, poor public transportation, and loss of public space are some of the problems that afflict major metropolitan areas. Trying to provide a solution for the future inner-city transportation, several companies have worked in recent years to design aircraft prototypes that base their technology on current UAVs. Therefore, vehicles with electrical Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) technology are rapidly emerging so that they can be included in the Urban Air Mobility (UAM) system. For this to become a reality, space agencies, governments and academics are generating concepts and recommendations to be considered a safe means of transportation for citizens. However, one of the most relevant points for this future implementation is the suitable location of the potential UAM hubs within the metropolitan areas. Since although UAM vehicles can take advantage of infrastructure such as roofs of buildings to clear and land, several criteria must be considered to find the ideal location. As a solution, this thesis seeks to carry out an integral rooftop-place suitability analysis by involving both the essential variables of the urban ecosystem and the adequate rooftop surfaces for UAM operability. The study area selected for this research is Manhattan (New York, U.S), which is the most densely populated metropolitan area of one of the megacities in the world. The applied methodology has an unsupervised-data-driving and GIS-based approach, which is covered in three sections. The first part is responsible for analyzing the suitability of place when evaluating spatial patterns given by the application of Self-Organizing Maps on the urban ecosystem variables attached to the city census blocks. The second part is based on the development of an algorithm in Python for both the evaluation of the flatness of the roof surfaces and the definition of the UAM platform type suitable for its settlement. The final stage performs a combined analysis of the suitability indexes generated for the development of UAM hubs. Results reflect that 16% of the roofs in the study area have high integral suitability for the development of UAM hubs, where UAVs platforms and Vertistops (small size platforms) are the types that can be the most settled in Manhattan. The reproducibility self-assessment of this research when considering Nüst et al. [45] criteria (https://osf.io/j97zp/) is: 2, 1, 2, 1, 1 (input data, preprocessing, methods, computational environment, results). GitHub repository code is available in https://github.com/carlosjdelgadonovaims/rooftop-place_suitability_analysis_for_Urban_Air_Mobility_hubs
Juma, Alexandre Sadik Vieira. "Impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in urban mobility and air pollution in Lisbon, Portugal." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/23881.
Повний текст джерелаO presente trabalho relata os impactos na mobilidade urbana e qualidade do ar em Lisboa, Portugal, como consequência das restrições impostas para conter a transmissão do vírus SARS-CoV-2, causador da doença COVID-19, onde durante o primeiro período de emergência nacional (18-03-2020 a 03-05-2020) as reduções acentuadas nas atividades antropogénicas, nomeadamente o tráfego rodoviário, resultaram na redução generalizada das concentrações dos principais poluentes atmosféricos medidos nas seis estações de monitorização da qualidade do ar em Lisboa quando comparados ao período homólogo de 2013-2019, sendo o 𝑁𝑂2 o poluente atmosférico mais impactado com uma redução média de 54.35% nas estações de tráfego e 28.62% nas estações de fundo. Uma exceção a esta tendência foi o aumento observado na concentração de 𝑂3 de 12.89% nas estações de tráfego potencialmente devido a mudanças na relação 𝑁𝑂𝑥:COV e redução da ação de redução de 𝑂3 por reação com 𝑁𝑂 como resultado da redução acentuada da concentração de 𝑁𝑂𝑥 nas zonas habitualmente mais poluídas da cidade. Este fenómeno reforça a necessidade de medidas que mitiguem o aumento da poluição de 𝑂3 no âmbito do plano de melhoria da qualidade do ar de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo que visa a redução das concentrações de 𝑁𝑂2, nomeadamente medidas específicas de gestão de COV. O indicador de mobilidade da Google para o comércio local em Lisboa foi identificado como a atividade antropogénica mais relevante com uma correlação moderada e positiva com a concentração 𝑁𝑂2 (r=+0.54). A velocidade média do vento foi identificada como a atividade natural mais relevante com uma correlação moderada e negativa com a concentração 𝑁𝑂2 (r=-0.53). Foi treinada uma ML pipeline para prever a concentração 𝑁𝑂2 que teve como entradas os dados de atividade antropogénica, meteorológica e qualidade do ar desde Março/2020 a Março/2021, obtendo 𝑅2=0.925 no conjunto de teste. A análise de importância dos atributos identificam as variáveis antropogénicas como responsáveis por 41.19% da concentração 𝑁𝑂2 enquanto que as variáveis naturais respondem por 58.81%.
"Differential exposure of the urban population to vehicular air pollution in Hong Kong." 2011. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894774.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-108).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.viii
LIST OF TABLES --- p.x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.xi
Chapter Chapter One - --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Hong Kong as a Case Study --- p.4
Chapter 1.3 --- Research Objectives --- p.6
Chapter 1.4 --- Significance of the Research --- p.7
Chapter Chapter Two - --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.9
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.9
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Origin of environmental justice --- p.9
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Concept --- p.10
Chapter 2.2 --- Review of environmental inequality studies --- p.12
Chapter 2.2.1 --- The siting of hazardous waste treatment storage or disposal facilities --- p.12
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Release of toxics from industries and facilities --- p.13
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Population exposure to noise and air pollution --- p.15
Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Noise --- p.15
Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Air pollution --- p.16
Chapter 2.2.4 --- Dissimilarity of the findings --- p.20
Chapter 2.3 --- Research methodology --- p.21
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Environmental indicators and parameters --- p.21
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Pollution exposure assessment method --- p.22
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Choice of socioeconomic indicators --- p.24
Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Demographic and socioeconomic indicators --- p.24
Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Source of socioeconomic data --- p.26
Chapter 2.3.4 --- Study unit --- p.26
Chapter 2.3.5 --- Analytical methods --- p.29
Chapter 2.4 --- Factors contributing to inequality --- p.29
Chapter 2.5 --- Summary --- p.31
Chapter Chapter Three - --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.33
Chapter 3.1 --- Research Framework --- p.33
Chapter 3.2 --- Study Unit and Sampling Strategy --- p.34
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Study unit used in other studies --- p.35
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Study unit --- p.35
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Sampling Method --- p.37
Chapter 3.3 --- Air pollution exposure assessment --- p.39
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Assessment method --- p.40
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Calculation of emission inventory --- p.42
Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Emission factors estimated by EMFAC-HK model --- p.42
Chapter 3.3.2.2 --- Vehicular emission inventory --- p.44
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Simulation by air pollution dispersion model --- p.44
Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- IMMISnet Model --- p.44
Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- Data requirement of MMISn e t Model --- p.45
Chapter 3.3.3.3 --- Output ofIMMISnet Model --- p.49
Chapter 3.4 --- Population socioeconomic indicators --- p.51
Chapter 3.5 --- Analytical method --- p.53
Chapter 3.6 --- Summary --- p.53
Chapter Chapter Four - --- FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION --- p.55
Chapter 4.1 --- Pollution Exposure Assessment --- p.55
Chapter 4.2 --- The differential exposure of different age and SDI groups --- p.60
Chapter 4.2.1 --- The selection of socioeconomic indicators --- p.60
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Decile analysis --- p.64
Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Differential exposure based on age groups --- p.64
Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Differential exposure based on SDI groups --- p.71
Chapter 4.3 --- Regression Analysis --- p.75
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Pearson's correlation analysis --- p.75
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Stepwise regression analysis --- p.81
Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.87
Chapter Chapter Five - --- CONCLUSION --- p.90
Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.90
Chapter 5.2 --- Summary of Findings --- p.90
Chapter 5.3 --- Limitation of the study --- p.92
Chapter 5.4 --- Recommendations for further study --- p.93
APPENDIX --- p.94
REFERENCES --- p.101
Ferreira, Tomás Lencastre Megre. "The uptake of unmanned aerial vehicles in the urban environment." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21165.
Повний текст джерелаOs actuais sistemas de mobilidade do mundo são frequentemente ineficientes e insustentáveis, pelo que surge a necessidade de novos sistemas de forma a satisfazer as necessidades de mobilidade. Esta procura deu o impulso à indústria para investir em novas tecnologias, tais como sistemas autónomos que permitem a condução autónoma de veículos. Neste contexto, surgiu o conceito de Mobilidade Aérea Urbana (MAU), um termo utilizado para serviços de mobilidade aérea de curta distância, a pedido, automatizados, de passageiros ou de transporte de carga. Este estudo apresenta a fase de introdução do planeamento estratégico para a era da mobilidade aérea urbana centrada na aceitação e intenção de utilizar este novo meio de transporte por parte dos cidadãos. Um inquérito foi concebido para captar a percepção dos cidadãos e potenciais utilizadores sobre aspectos como segurança, bem-estar da sociedade (incluindo qualidade de vida, impactos sociais), hábitos de condução e de mobilidade, eventuais benefícios e qual o seu impacto na aceitação e na intenção de utilizar estes sistemas. A aceitação dos cidadãos e potenciais utilizadores (considerados como dois grupos diferentes) é também analisada em termos das suas potenciais utilizações (por exemplo, emergências de saúde, lazer). O inquérito foi distribuito em Portugal e foram recolhidas 391 respostas. Os dados recolhidos foram analisados através da análise de correlação, ANOVA e análises não paramétricas. Esta dissertação introduz um quadro de análise para a introdução de veículos aéreos. Este estudo revela quais são os principais factores que têm impacto nos cidadãos e que devem ser considerados pelos intervenientes.
Hieu, Vu Van. "Application of geographic information system and modelling in health impact assessment for urban road mobility in Vietnam." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/14504.
Повний текст джерелаHormann, Gregor. "Introducing eVTOLs in Germany : an analysis of factors affecting the adoption among shared mobility concepts." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/35511.
Повний текст джерелаSendo um novo conceito de mobilidade partilhada que visa contrariar o aumento da população e o congestionamento nas zonas urbanas, a Urban Air Mobility (UAM) planeia utilizar o espaço aéreo não congestionado para transportar viajantes através de táxis voadores. A sua introdução envolve vários aspetos inovadores, que podem causar atitudes acolhedoras, bem como aversivas, entre os potenciais utilizadores. Consequentemente, o objetivo desta tese visa identificar os atributos que afetam a adoção dos viajantes. Deste modo, a influência de vários fatores relacionados com o transporte, comportamentais, e socioeconómicos, será examinada através da realização de investigação qualitativa e quantitativa. Análises distintas dos principais determinantes para táxis aéreos pilotados manualmente (PFT), e de voo autónomo (AFT), permitem compreender o impacto das variáveis sobre os respetivos conceitos. Os resultados indicam que o tempo de viagem de ambos os conceitos afetam positivamente os viajantes, enquanto que o custo de viagem previsto constitui um obstáculo para uma potencial adoção. O tempo de espera destaca-se como tendo efeitos opostos sobre os conceitos. Entre as variáveis comportamentais, tanto a segurança como a limpeza influenciaram a probabilidade de utilização. Além disso, verificou-se que os inquiridos com um nível de educação e afinidade tecnológica mais elevado têm maior probabilidade de adotar a UAM como meio de transporte substituto, enquanto que os indivíduos masculinos demonstram um interesse significativamente maior na adoção de AFTs do que os indivíduos femininos. Com base nos resultados, várias implicações administrativas poderiam ser deduzidas, com o objetivo de apoiar empresas a entrar no mercado alemão.
Miguel, Bárbara Pires. "Uma abordagem holística ao conceito de "smart city" com recurso a mapas cognitivos Fuzzy." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/17818.
Повний текст джерелаThe world’s rapidly growing population is an issue to be taken seriously. Its consequences could be dramatic if the required steps are not taken. Concerns about this problem have led to the creation of “smart” cities, which promote improvements in citizens’ quality of life through a combination of new technologies and environmentally sustainable practices. For these cities to be truly “smart”, they need to be evaluated in order to understand the areas in which interventions are necessary to make these cities economically stable and environmentally sustainable. Thus, this study proposed the use of fuzzy cognitive maps to analyze the dynamics behind smart cities’ components. Grounded in intensive group meetings with a panel of experts in different dimensions of these cities, the method applied produced a well-informed, process-oriented framework that contains the characteristics and/or components that should be assessed in this type of city. This result facilitates an improved understanding of smart cities’ cause-and-effect relationships and better strategic planning by urban planners and city administrators. The implications, advantages, and limitations of the proposed framework are also presented.