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1
NISHIAKI, Yoshihiro. "The Late Halafian Lithic Industry of Tell Kashkashok I, the Upper Khabur, Syria." Orient 53 (September 30, 2018): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5356/orient.53.1.
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2
Deckers, Katleen, and Simone Riehl. "Fluvial environmental contexts for archaeological sites in the Upper Khabur basin (northeastern Syria)." Quaternary Research 67, no. 3 (May 2007): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2006.11.005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractToday the eastern tributaries of the Upper Khabur run dry during the summer and the landscape is devoid of trees. This picture is misleading when we try to understand archaeological sites within their former environmental context. Interdisciplinary geomorphological, archaeobotanical and ostracod research on a sequence from the Wadi Jaghjagh indicates that relatively stable, perennial flow velocities occurred during the mid 4th to mid-3rd millennium BC. Evidence was found for a gallery forest and swamp belt along the Jaghjagh during the mid-4th millennium BC. Oak park woodland was present within the region in the 3rd millennium BC and probably up to at least the 3rd century AD. Shortly after 2500 BC, Jaghjagh stream velocities probably decreased or the stream bed had changed its location. Later deposits, possibly dating to the 5th century BC, indicate similar, rather stable flow of the Jaghjagh. More recently however, about ca. AD 900 or afterwards, a flashflood-like regime occurred, which may relate to deforestation. The Wadi Khanzir sediment archives reflect the flashy intermittent regime of this stream, like it still is today, with flashflood evidence dating to the first half of the Holocene and probably dating to approximately AD 400 or later. Along the Jarrah, topsoil was eroded and redeposited by the wadi sometime between 1300 and 600 BC. This may have been caused by the intensive resettlement program of this region around 800 BC. Between about 600 and 300 BC 1.5 m of clay was deposited on the plain.
3
Deckers, Katleen, and Simone Riehl. "Resource Exploitation of the Upper Khabur Basin (NE Syria) during the 3rd Millennium BC." Paléorient 34, no. 2 (2008): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/paleo.2008.5261.
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4
D’Agostino, Anacleto. "The Assyrian–Aramaean interaction in the Upper Khabur: the archaeological evidence from Tell Barri iron age layers." Syria, no. 86 (November 1, 2009): 17–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/syria.507.
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5
Nishiaki, Yoshihiro A., and Marie Le Mière. "The oldest pottery Neolithic of Upper Mesopotamia : New evidence from Tell Seker al-Aheimar, the Khabur, northeast Syria." Paléorient 31, no. 2 (2005): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/paleo.2005.5125.
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6
Portillo, Marta, Seiji Kadowaki, Yoshihiro Nishiaki, and Rosa M. Albert. "Early Neolithic household behavior at Tell Seker al-Aheimar (Upper Khabur, Syria): a comparison to ethnoarchaeological study of phytoliths and dung spherulites." Journal of Archaeological Science 42 (February 2014): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2013.10.038.
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7
Restelli, Francesca Balossi. "The local Late Chalcolithic (LC3) occupation at Zeytinli Bahçe (Birecik, Şanli-Urfa): the ceramic production." Anatolian Studies 56 (December 2006): 17–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066154600000739.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractExcavations and ceramic finds of the Late Chalcolithic 3 (3,700–3,500 BC) from the site of Zeytinli Bahçe, on the Turkish Euphrates, are published and discussed, with particular attention to modes of manufacture in the phase which immediately precedes the introduction of the fast wheel and mass production (middle and late Uruk). In this period, alternative modes of manufacture (coil, mould, wheel) are probable indices of experimentations in response to ever increasing economic and social needs. Ceramic classes and types are also analysed with the aim of understanding inter-regional relations in the period preceding the arrival of Uruk influence. Together with Hacınebi, Zeytinli Bahçe provides important data on Late Chalcolithic developments in the Turkish Euphrates region south of the Taurus. These help distinguish single cultural horizons, but also identify large networks of communication right down to the Iraqi Tigris. Relations of the middle Euphrates area appear to be biased eastwards, towards the Khabur river, whilst direct contacts with the regions north of the Taurus seem absent. However, indirect chronological correlations are made possible by an overview of the general distribution of ceramic typologies in the whole upper Mesopotamia and Taurus regions during the Late Chalcolithic period.
8
Al-jubori, Falah H. Khalaf, Akram K. Youkhana, Srood F. Naqshabandi, and Dyana A. Bayz. "BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION OF PALEOZOIC ROCKS IN NORTHERN AND WESTREN IRAQ." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 3 (May 26, 2020): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i3.2020.163.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Paleozoic rocks outcropped in northern Iraq (Ora, Chia Zairi section) are biostratigraphically investigated for their microfossils content. Benthonic foraminifera and algal genera characterize the upper part of the section while palynomorphs (Miospores & Acritarchs) dominated the lower part the section which is consist of clastic sediments. The study also include the stratigraphic succession of the section and its correlation to the subsurface sections penetrated in oil and water wells drilled in the western desert of Iraq in order to determine the regional distribution of the economically important formations, either as reservoir or as source rocks for hydrocarbons. Index palynomorphs including many types of Acritarch genera are identified in the Khabour Formation indicate lower Ordovician time (Tremadocian? Arenigian –Llanvirnian: age) The Perispik Formation has been found barren of any type of microfossils and is composed of red clastic rocks.
Pollen and Spores are recorded from the "Ore Group" (Kaista, Ora and Harur Formations ) indicate that these rocks are of Upper Devonian – Lower Carboniferous (Famennian – Tournaisian age ) .A Large number of foraminifera and Algal genera are identified in the Chiazairi rocks,these genera and species are indicated the Upper Permian rocks of Thuringian age.
The stratigraphic succession of the Paleozoic section studied in northern Iraq indicate that there is a stratigraphic break represents by missing of the Ga'ara Formation (late Carboniferous –early Permian) and Akkas Formation (Silurian) and the upper part of the Khabour Formation (Upper Ordovician).
9
AL- Hadidy, Dr Aboosh H. "Deliverability of Gas condensate "sandstone reservoir"Khabour Fm. Akkas Field,western Iraq." Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies 2, no. 3 (May 5, 2021): 243–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v2i3.58.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Khabour Fm. (ordovicain) presents a prospective target for exploration and developiment, as it certains "Gas Condensate" light gravity, low sulfur oil, and sweet gas as proven by Akkas field, in the western desert of Iraq .
Gas- condensate project is in depth,hot,low permeability reservoir in the upper K1,K3,K5 sandstone members ,it's well known that the deliverability of gas-condensate wells can be improved by the formation of acondensate bank once a bottomhole pressure drope below the dewpoint.
Improving deliverability can be improved by use the techniques as,Fracturing andchemical treatment.
The Khabour formation total thickness is 1913m,represntaed by elastic series mainly shaly intercalated with sandstone beds in the lower part and by well developed sandstone beds in the upper part, In Akk-1 which is subdivided into eight members according to sand /shale ratio, the need for accurate estimate for reservoir properties of these member extends to the whole life cycle of a reservoir; detailed
simulation and planning of future production which including for discovery , appraisal , planning , development and production from Akkas field.
10
Abdul-majeed, Yousif Najeeb, Ahmad Abdullah Ramadhan, and Ahmed Jubiar Mahmood. "Petrophysical Properties and Well Log Interpretations of Tertiary Reservoir in Khabaz Oil Field / Northern Iraq." Journal of Engineering 26, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2020.06.02.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study is interpretation well logs to determine Petrophysical properties of tertiary reservoir in Khabaz oil field using IP software (V.3.5). The study consisted of seven wells which distributed in Khabaz oilfield. Tertiary reservoir composed from mainly several reservoir units. These units are : Jeribe, Unit (A), Unit (A'), Unit (B), Unit (BE), Unit (E),the Unit (B) considers best reservoir unit because it has good Petrophysical properties (low water saturation and high porous media ) with high existence of hydrocarbon in this unit. Several well logging tools such as Neutron, Density, and Sonic log were used to identify total porosity, secondary porosity, and effective porosity in tertiary reservoir. For Lithological identification for tertiary reservoir units using (NPHI-RHOB) cross plot composed of dolomitic-limestone and mineralogical identification using (M/N) cross plot consist of calcite and dolomite. Shale content was estimated less than (8%) for all wells in Khabaz field. CPI results were applied for all wells in Khabaz field which be clarified movable oil concentration in specific units are: Unit (B), Unit (A') , small interval of Jeribe formation , and upper part of Unit (EB).
11
Sabea, Husam, Jalal A. Al-Sudani, and Omar Al-Fatlawi. "Geological Model of the Khabour Reservoir for Studying the Gas Condensate Blockage Effect on Gas Production, Akkas Gas Field, Western Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 55, no. 1C (March 31, 2022): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.1c.7ms-2022-03-26.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Khabour reservoir, Ordovician, Lower Paleozoic, Akkas gas field which is considered one of the main sandstone reservoirs in the west of Iraq. Researchers face difficulties in recognizing sandstone reservoirs since they are virtually always tight and heterogeneous. This paper is associated with the geological modeling of a gas-bearing reservoir that containing condensate appears while production when bottom hole pressure declines below the dew point. By defining the lithology and evaluating the petrophysical parameters of this complicated reservoir, a geological model for the reservoir is being built by using CMG BUILDER software (GEM tool) to create a static model. The petrophysical properties of a reservoir were computed using the notion of hydraulic units, and there are a number of basic steps to building a geological model, beginning with the creation of a single well model and then moving on to the distribution of properties. Depending on the variance in petrophysical parameters, the reservoirs were separated into seven zones. The Ordovician Formation (Khabour Formation) is penetrated by well Akk-1, which is included in the single well geological model to focus on studying the impact of gas condensate on gas production. The prediction of gas condensate wells production will strongly depend on oil banking evaluation and modeling. For this reason, well Akk-1 was chosen to build the model. Upper and lower sandstone units characterized as the most important due to containing of gas. The cost and risk to develop these reservoirs under severe conditions of pressure and temperature highlight the need to be able to confidently predict the recovery of gas and liquid drop-outs from Khabour reservoirs so, it is so necessary to predict the cost of this step in another paper
12
Orešić, Danijel, and Georgos Bahnan. "Promjene režima otjecanja tekućica u gornjem dijelu poriječja Habura u sjeveroistočnoj Siriji u drugoj polovici XX. st. – dio I: godišnji protoci." Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin 67, no. 01 (July 2005): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21861/hgg.2005.67.01.03.
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13
Orešić, Danijel, and Georgos Bahnan. "Promjene režima otjecanja tekućica u gornjem dijelu poriječja Habura u sjeveroistočnoj Siriji u drugoj polovici XX. stoljeća - dio II. srednji mjesečni protoci." Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin 67, no. 02 (January 2006): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21861/hgg.2005.67.02.04.
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14
Mahdi, Hayder, Manal Shakir Al-Kubaisi, and Samir Nouri Al-Jawad. "Microfacies Analysis and Diagenetic Assessment of the Late Oligocene- Early Miocene Succession in Khabaz Oilfield, Northern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 55, no. 1D (April 30, 2022): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.1d.6ms-2022-04-22.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Jeribe and Azkand formations, which were deposited during Late Oligocene-Early Miocene are a major reservoir interval in the Khabaz oilfield where it is, for the most part, a carbonate reservoir. The study area is located in the north of Iraq within the Foothill Zone. Through the thin-section examination for Azkand/Anah carbonates in the Khabaz oil field (Kz-3, Kz-4, Kz-10, and Kz-43), the petrographic and microfacies have been studied, which show six major carbonate microfacies, each of them is representing a distinctive deposition environment, and these are: restricted and semi-restricted for the Jeribe Formation, and semi-restricted, back reef, reef, fore reef, shallow open marine and slope for Azkand and Anah formations. There are several types of diagenetic processes; some of these processes enhance the porosity and the other reduces it. Porosity reduction by: Cementation (Isopachous, meniscus, syntaxial calcite, Drusy calcite, botryoidal, blocky calcite), Recrystallization; Compaction and late stage of dolomitization. This appeared near the upper and lower contact of the Jeribe Formation and in the lower part of the Azkand Formation. While the porosity enhancement which represented by depositional process (primary porosity) and dissolution (secondary porosity), in addition to the early and middle stage of dolomitization. This appeared in the middle part of the Jeribe Formation and the upper part of Azkand.
15
Al-Hadidy, Aboosh H. "Paleozoic stratigraphic lexicon and hydrocarbon habitat of Iraq." GeoArabia 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 63–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia120163.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT The crystalline Proterozoic Basement does not crop out in Iraq, but is interpreted from seismic and geophysical potential data to range in depth from about 6–10 km in western Iraq, to 12–15 km in the Zagros Mountains, in eastern Iraq. The Cambrian and Lower Ordovician sedimentary successions of Jordan and Saudi Arabia (including the Middle Cambrian Burj carbonates) are interpreted to extend into Iraq based on seismic data and regional correlations. The entire Paleozoic succssion is about 3–4 km thick. The Ordovician-Permian succession in Iraq consists of ten formations that are here described in a lexicon format. For each formation, the type and reference sections in outcrop or/and subsurface are reviewed (as defined by the original authors or herein), and further documented by including subsurface data (electrical logs and biostratigraphic studies). The Ordovician-Permian formations (and their members) are here placed chronostratigraphically according to the “Geological Time Scale GTS 2004” (and standard global Ordovician stages) and the Arabian Plate sequence stratigraphic framework. The ten formations are: (1) the Early?, Middle and Late Ordovician Khabour Formation (with from base-up seven informal members K7 to K1); (2) the Silurian Akkas Formation (with the proposed lower Hoseiba and upper Qaim members); (3 and 4) the Late Devonian Pirispiki Red Beds Formation and enclosed Chalki Volcanics; (5) the Late Devonian (Famennian) and early Carboniferous (early Tournaisian) Kaista Formation; (6) the Carboniferous (Tournaisian) Ora Formation; (7) the Carboniferous (Tournaisian-Visean) Harur Limestone Formation; (8) the Visean-Serpukhovian Raha Formation (proposed here); (9) the late Carboniferous-early Middle Permian Ga’ara Formation; and (10) the late Middle and Late Permian Chia Zairi Formation (in outcrop consisting from base-up of the informal Dariri, Satina Anhydrite and Zinnar members). The Late Devonian-early Carboniferous succession, comprising the Pirispiki, Chalki, Kaista, Ora, Harur and Raha formations, is here proposed to comprise the Khleisia Group. The Paleozoic succession of Iraq is hydrocarbon-prospective in the western part of the country, and particularly in the Western Desert near Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Syria. The source-rock component of the petroleum system consists of several potential organic-rich shales including the regionally widespread Silurian Akkas “hot shale”. In the Akkas-1 well, two hot shale units have a combined thickness of 61 m (210 ft) and total organic carbon (TOC) values that reach 16.6%. Several reservoirs and seals present exploration targets in the Western Desert of Iraq. In the Akkas field, light (specific gravity of 42° API), sweet oil and gas (no H2S) were discovered in 1993 in the Akkas and Khabour formations, respectively. The Akkas reservoir occurs in the upper Qaim Member of the Silurian Akkas Formation and consists of sandstones that have a porosity of 6.5% and permeability of 0.2 mD. The Khabour reservoir occurs in the Upper Ordovician K1–K4 members and consists of sandstones with a fracture porosity of up to 7.6% and permeability of 0.13 mD. In North Iraq the carbonates of the Permian Chia Zairi and Triassic Mirga Mir formations correlate to gas reservoirs in the Khuff Formation of Arabia and the Dalan and Kangan formations of Iran, and may therefore be prospective. Southern Iraq, along the Kuwait and Saudi Arabian border, may also be prospective; however, no wells have been drilled into the deep Paleozoic succession in this vast region.
16
Saeed, Mohammad A. "Effect of Upper Zab River Confluence Point on The Quality Characteristics of Tigris River Water." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.16.2.09.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Many sources play a significant role in changing the Tigris river water quality within Iraqi territory, such as the river’s tributaries receiving points, impounding like Mosul dam, the residential settlements as Mosul city, and the untreated discharge of agricultural activities. The First river tributary is Khabbor which confluences the Tigris River at Feshkhaboor village, near the Iraqi-Turkish borders. The second one is Upper Zab which meeting the river at Mishraq, 45 Km south of Mosul. Upper Zab Tributary is characterized by high discharges rates, and high pollution content. The study aim to evaluate its effect on the Tigris river water quality. The Study revealed that the Upper Zab river has buffering capacity that polishes or enhances the Tigris river water characteristics, with an adverse effect for the others. For example, the values increased by 6% for pH, 56% for Dissolved oxygen, and 134.5% for alkalinity, Whereas the other characteristics decreased by 27.7% for electrical conductivity, 23.6% for total solids, 40% for suspended solids,16.5% for calcium ion, 20% for chloride, 33% for sulfate, 50% for chemical oxygen demand, and 6% for biological oxygen demand.
17
Aqrawi, Adnan A. M. "Paleozoic Stratigraphy and Petroleum Systems of the Western and Southwestern Deserts of Iraq." GeoArabia 3, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 229–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia0302229.
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ABSTRACT A stratigraphic scheme for the Paleozoic of the Southwestern Desert of Iraq is proposed based upon the review of recently published data from several deep wells in the western part of the country and from outcrops in other regions in Iraq. The main formations are described in terms of facies distribution, probable age, regional thickness, and correlations with the well-reported Paleozoic successions of the adjacent countries (e.g. Jordan and Saudi Arabia), as well as with the Thrust Zone of North Iraq. The Paleozoic depositional and tectonic evolution of the Western and Southwestern Deserts of Iraq, particularly during Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian, shows marked similarity to those of eastern Jordan and northern Saudi Arabia. However, local lithological variations, which are due to Late Paleozoic Hercynian tectonics, characterize the Upper Paleozoic sequences. The Lower Silurian marine “hot” shale, 65 meters thick in the Akkas-1 well in the Western Desert, is believed to be the main Paleozoic source rock in the Western and Southwestern Deserts. Additional potential source rocks in this region could be the black shales of the Ordovician Khabour Formation, the Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous Ora Shale Formation, and the lower shaly beds of the Upper Permian Chia Zairi Formation. The main target reservoirs are of Ordovician, Silurian, Carboniferous and Permian ages. Similar reservoirs have recently been reported for the Western Desert of Iraq, eastern Jordan and northern Saudi Arabia. In addition, two main regional seals (Lower Silurian shales and Permian evaporites) of northeastern Arabia extend over most of the Southwestern Desert, together with several other local seals. These considerations render the unexplored Paleozoic Southwestern Desert of Iraq prospective.
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MIRZOEV, A. S. "INSTITUTION OF DEPARTURE FOR SERVICE AND MERCENARY PRACTICES AS A PART OF THE MILITARY CULTURE OF CIRCASSIANS." Kavkazologiya, no. 1 (2021): 26–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2021-1-26-66.
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The article examines the traditional institutions of military culture of the Circassians – military departure and departure for service. Departure for service was part of the universal system of replenishment of the ruling class of the feudal powers of Europe and Asia, into which the Circassian aristocracy had long been deeply integrated. This was favored by a well-deserved reputation in the military sphere, a highly effective and perfect system of military education, as well as the cultivation of the knightly idea and its components such as loyalty to the suzerain, nobility, aristocratic etiquette "uerk khabze". Departure for service was a purely feudal institution, with the appropriate completion within the framework of vassal-suzerain contractual relations. Departure for service was characteristic of the upper strata of the Circassian aristocracy; for all other classes of Circassian society, military otkhodnik (mercenary) was characteristic. The latter did not imply the conclusion of contractual relations, the establishment of vassal-suzerain relations and correspondingly – incorporation into the ruling class of the host countries. Departure for service and mercenary practices were among the basic and most characteristic institutions of the military culture of the Circassians. For a long time these institutions have played a significant role in the life of Circassian society, and their study has not only scientific and educational, but also practical value. The study of the institutions of military culture can contribute to the understanding of the historical-political and socio-economic processes that took place in the Central and Northwestern Caucasus during the Late Medieval and Early Modern Times.
19
Khosla, Ashu, and Sunil Bajpai. "Dinosaur fossil records from India and their palaeobiogeographic implications: an overview." Journal of Palaeosciences 70, no. (1-2) (September 10, 2021): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.2021.15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The complex palaeogeographic history of India involving a gradual transition from Gondwana to Laurasia with an intervening phase of prolonged physical isolation, and the biotic signatures of this complex history as preserved in India’s Mesozoic fossil record are of much current interest and continue to be debated. Seen in this context, the fossil record of dinosaurs from India provides a unique opportunity to study their diversity and palaeobiogeographic distribution in time and space. The Indian fossil record, as currently documented, is patchy and restricted mainly to three intervals of the Mesozoic era: Late Triassic, Early/Middle Jurassic and Late Cretaceous. The Late Triassic–Jurassic record, representing a Pangean setting, is known primarily from the Gondwana formations of Pranhita–Godavari (P–G) Valley in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, although sporadic Jurassic occurrences are also known from Kutch (Gujarat) and Rajasthan. The earliest Late Triassic dinosaur fauna of India comes from the rhynchosaur–dominated Lower Maleri Formation of Carnian age. Known from fragmentary and isolated specimens, the Late Triassic dinosaur fauna is currently represented by the sole species Alwalkeria maleriensis, which is possibly a basal saurischian with uncertain relationships. A slightly younger dinosaur fauna from the archosaur–dominated Upper Maleri Formation of late Norian–earliest Rhaetian age consists of a more diverse assemblage including the two named basal sauropodomorphs (Nambalia roychowdhurii and Jaklapallisaurus asymmetrica). In contrast to the Late Triassic, the Early Jurassic record of Indian dinosaurs described from the Upper Dharmaram and Lower Kota formations of P–G Valley, is far more abundant, diverse and based on more nearly complete material that is currently referred to four named taxa of stem sauropodomorphs or basal sauropods (Lamplughsaura dharmaramensis, Pradhania gracilis, Kotasaurus yamanpalliensis, Barapasaurus tagorei) plus an ornithischian (Ankylosauria). Kotasaurus, one of the earliest known sauropods, is more primitive than Barapasaurus and shared numerous plesiomorphic characteristics with prosauropods. Together, the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic sauropods dinosaurs of India document the early radiation of this group. Amongst the other important records of Jurassic dinosaurs in India is the oldest known camarasauromorph sauropod whose identification is based on a metacarpal, a first pedal paw and a fibula from the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian) strata of Khadir Island, Kutch. Fragmentary postcranial skeletal material of an unidentified Middle Jurassic dinosaurs is also known from Kuar Bet (Patcham Island) in the Rann of Kutch and the Jumara area of Kutch Mainland.Post–Gondwana, the Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of India occur in a different geodynamic setting in which the Indian Plate, as traditionally considered, was a northward drifting island continent in the middle of the Indian Ocean. Apart from the solitary record of a Cenomanian–Turonian sauropod from Nimar Sandstone, Cretaceous dinosaurs from India are documented mainly by skeletal remains and eggs/eggshells from the Maastrichtian infratrappean (=Lameta Formation) and intertrappean deposits in the Deccan Volcanic Province of eastern, western and central peninsular India, and from broadly coeval Kallamedu Formation of Cauvery Basin, southern India. Skeletal remains of the Lameta dinosaurs belong to two major groups, titanosaur sauropods and abelisaurid theropods, plus a possible ankylosaur, whereas the Cauvery records include fragmentary titanosaur bones and a solitary tooth of a troodontid theropod. Apart from bones and teeth, a number of dinosaur egg–bearing nesting sites are also known to occur in the Lameta Formation of east–central and western India, extending for more than 1,000 km across the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra. Close phylogenetic relations of the Lameta titanosaurs and theropods with corresponding taxa from the Maastrichtian of Madagascar (Vahiny, Majungasaurus) and the rare occurrence of Laurasian elements such as a troodontid, pose interesting palaeobiogeographic problems in the context of India’s supposed oceanic isolation, especially after its separation from Madagascar at ~ 88 Ma.
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Koliński, Rafał. "The Upper Khabur Region in the Second Part of the Third Millennium BC." Altorientalische Forschungen 34, no. 2 (January 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/aofo.2007.0012.
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Kolinski, Rafal. "The Upper Khabur Region in the Second Part of the Third Millennium BC." Altorientalische Forschungen 34, no. 1-2 (January 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/aofo.2007.34.12.346.
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Venanzi, Alessia. "«All Aram» and «Upper and Lower Aram»: what the Sefire Inscription suggests us about the Aramaean ethnicity." BAF-Online: Proceedings of the Berner Altorientalisches Forum 1 (January 16, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.22012/baf.2016.07.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Aramaeans are always presented as an “undifferentiated group present from the Lower Khabur to the Mount Lebanon” (Sader 1992), without any ethnic affiliation. The construction of their identity may be given by two opposite viewpoints: their own perspective (internal view) and that perceived by other populations (external view). We will show this through the notion of “all Aram” in the Sefire inscription, and by looking at some passages from Assyrian records and the Bible. The first document is the longest Aramaic inscription (about 200 lines) found 25 km from Aleppo in 1930 and dated to the 8th century. It is a treaty stipulated between the unknown king of KTK, Bargaʼ yah and the king of Arpad Matiʻel. The other inscriptions concern, in particular, the records of Shalmaneser III and Tiglath-pileser III who occupied the Aramaean territories in the 9th-8th centuries, and some letters from Nippur.
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Nishiaki, Yoshihiro. "The Pre-Pottery Neolithic Water-well at Tell Seker al-Aheimar, Upper Mesopotamia: The Social Contexts of its Construction and Management." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, April 29, 2021, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2021.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The water-well recovered from a Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) level in Tell Seker al-Aheimar, Northeast Syria, represents the oldest well thus far known in Upper Mesopotamia. It demonstrates that the construction of water-wells was a wide-spread practice among the PPNB communities across Cyprus, the Mediterranean coast, and now a far inland region of Upper Mesopotamia. This article provides detailed data on the water-well’s excavation and its stratigraphy, morphology, spatial positioning in the settlement, dating, and associated artefacts. An important implication of these data is that the construction and use of this well involved community activities that may have included rituals. Further, its location close to the Khabur River suggests that the well was not constructed to merely obtain fresh water; its major purpose could have been to guarantee the procurement of non-polluted water as this was an increasing concern among the developing Neolithic villages. On the whole, the water-well of Tell Seker al-Aheimar gives us important insights that develop our understanding of the Neolithisation processes of the region, notably the ‘domestication of water’.
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KİBAROĞLU, G. Mustafa. "Archaeometric Analysis of Early Bronze Age Dark Rimmed Orange Bowl Ware (DROB Ware) from the Upper Khabur (NE-Syria) and The Upper Tigris Valley (SE-Anatolia)." Arkeoloji Dergisi, May 6, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51493/egearkeoloji.857928.
Повний текст джерела
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Abdullah, Ali M., and Ali M. Al-Rahim. "Structural interpretation of 2D seismic reflection data of the Khabour Formation in the Upper West Euphrates, western Iraq." Iraqi Journal of Science, January 30, 2022, 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2022.63.1.20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The seismic reflection method has a primary role in petroleum exploration. This research is a structural interpretation study of the 2D seismic reflection survey carried out in the Upper West Euphrates (Khan Al-Baghdadi area), which is located in the western part of Iraq, Al-Anbar governorate. The two objectives of this research are to interpret Base Akkas/Top Khabour reflector and to define potential hydrocarbon traps in the surveyed area. Based on the synthetic seismogram of Akk_3 well near the study area, the Akkas/Top Khabour reflector was identified on the seismic section. Also, the Silurian Akkas Hot_shale reflector was identified and followed up, which represents the source and seal rocks of the Paleozoic petroleum system in the Western Desert of Iraq. Time, velocity, depth, and isopach maps were drawn for Base Akkas/Top Khabour reflector and showed the presence of two anticline structures trending east-west and located on the west side of the study area. The first is termed as (A), represented by Tulul structure, and the second is termed as (B). The maps show the increase in time toward the eastern side of the study area. The general slope of the reflectors is toward the southeast of the study area, while the increase of the thickness of the Formation is gradual to the southwest as well as the northwest of the study area. The study area was affected by three transversal faults. Generally, the faults have northeast-southwest trends. The Ordovician Khabour sands are the primary reservoir in the study area. They are interpreted to be present throughout Akkas Field as gas/condensate accumulation located 100 km to the west of the study area.