Дисертації з теми "Uncertainty treatment"
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McGowan, Stacey Elizabeth. "Incorporating range uncertainty into proton therapy treatment planning." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/248787.
Повний текст джерелаDurbach, Ian N. "The treatment of uncertainty in multicriteria decision making." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15424.
Повний текст джерелаThe nature of human decision making dictates that a decision must often be considered under conditions of uncertainty. Decisions may be influenced by uncertain future events, doubts regarding the precision of inputs, doubts as to what the decision maker considers important, and many other forms of uncertainty. The multicriteria decision models that are designed to facilitate and aid decision making must therefore consider these uncertainties if they are to be effective. In this thesis, we consider the treatment of uncertainty in multicriteria decision making (MCDM), with a specific view to investigating the types of uncertainty that are most relevant to MCDM, [and] how the uncertainties identified as relevant may be treated by various different MCDM methodologies.
Strez, Henryk Andrzej Leon. "The treatment of uncertainty in construction price modelling." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27115.
Повний текст джерелаTowler, Erin L. "Characterizing and incorporating uncertainty in water quality and treatment." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1439443.
Повний текст джерелаVrugt, Jasper Alexander. "Towards improved treatment of parameter uncertainty in hydrologic modeling." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/77207.
Повний текст джерелаLiu, Xiaohui. "Probability-related treatment of uncertainty in knowledge-based systems." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1002.
Повний текст джерелаGecchele, Gregorio. "Transportation data analysis. Advances in data mining and uncertainty treatment." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/7448.
Повний текст джерелаNello studio dei sistemi di trasporto l’acquisizione e l’utilizzo di informazioni corrette e aggiornate sullo stato dei sistemi rappresentano da sempre elementi di centrale importanza per la produzione di analisi adeguate ed affidabili. Sfortunatamente in molti ambiti applicativi le informazioni disponibili per le analisi sono invece spesso carenti o di bassa qualità, e il loro utilizzo si traduce in risultati affetti da elevata incertezza e talvolta di dubbia validità. I processi di evoluzione tecnologica che interessano campi quali l’informatica, l’elettronica e le telecomunicazioni stanno rendendo progressivamente più semplice e conveniente l’acquisizione di rilevanti quantità di dati di interesse per le analisi trasportistiche, sia tradizionalmente raccolti per studi trasportistici (ad esempio dati di traffico rilevati su tronchi stradali) sia non direttamente connessi ad un uso trasportistico (ad esempio segnali Bluetooth e GPS provenienti da dispositivi di telefonia mobile). Tuttavia in molti casi l’ampia disponibilità di dati, soprattutto nel secondo caso, non si traduce in immediata spendibilità applicativa. I dati sono infatti spesso disomogenei dal punto di vista informativo, caratterizzati da una qualità non necessariamente elevata e spesso richiedono onerosi processi di verifica e validazione. In questi particolari contesti l’applicazione di tecniche di Data Mining può dimostrarsi una soluzione indubbiamente vantaggiosa. Esse infatti, per loro intrinseca natura, rendono possibile la gestione efficace di grandi quantità di dati e la produzione di risultati sempre più robusti all’aumentare delle dimensioni della base di dati disponibile. Sulla base di queste considerazioni questo lavoro di tesi si è concentrato in primo luogo su un’attenta revisione delle più consolidate tecniche di Data Mining, individuando gli ambiti applicativi, nel campo dei trasporti, in cui esse possono rappresentare dei validi strumenti di analisi. Con il termine Data Mining si fa riferimento al processo di estrazione dell’informazione presente in un certo insieme di dati, finalizzato ad individuare relazioni “nascoste” nei dati stessi o comunque a sintetizzare in modalità nuove la visione su di essi. Esso rappresenta una parte di un più ampio processo di estrazione della conoscenza, che inizia con un’accurata selezione e trasformazione dei dati disponibili (come detto i dati sottoposti a “mining” sono spesso raccolti con altri obiettivi) e si conclude con un’attenta interpretazione e valutazione dei risultati. Uno schema di classificazione generalmente accettato suddivide le tecniche di Data Mining in sei categorie in rapporto alla funzione considerata: stima (reti neurali, modelli di regressione, alberi decisionali), previsione (reti neurali, alberi decisionali), classificazione (k-nearest neighbour, alberi decisionali, reti neurali), raggruppamento (tecniche di clustering, Self-Organising-Maps), associazione (regole di associazione) e descrizione (regole di associazione, clustering, alberi decisionali). Nel presentare un quadro d’insieme dell’ampia letteratura esistente in materia, uno specifico rilievo è stato dato alle più consolidate tecniche di classificazione, raggruppamento e associazione, in quanto maggiormente impiegate nei diversi contesti applicativi. Successivamente è stato tracciato uno stato dell’arte per ciò che attiene le applicazioni in ambito trasportistico. In tal senso la revisione dei lavori prodotti ha evidenziato la notevole flessibilità d’uso di queste tecniche e la loro crescente diffusione applicativa. Molti sono infatti i filoni di ricerca che hanno beneficiato di queste tecniche innovative; tra questi nel lavoro di tesi si sono evidenziati alcuni tra i più interessanti: la previsione a breve termine dei flussi di traffico da dati storici o in real-time (traffic forecasting), l’identificazione e la quantificazione dei fattori che influenzano i fenomeni di incidentalità, l’analisi di sistemi di gestione delle pavimentazioni stradali e di sistemi di monitoraggio del traffico. La seconda parte della tesi si è invece focalizzata su un’applicazione delle tecniche di Data Mining allo studio del funzionamento di un sistema viario, attraverso una revisione critica della Procedura FHWA (Federal Highway Administration) per il monitoraggio del traffico stradale. La scelta di questo filone di ricerca è data dal fatto che la raccolta di informazioni sui volumi di traffico è un aspetto rilevante nell’attività di pianificazione dei trasporti (ambito stradale), quale componente significativa del processo conoscitivo. D’altra parte i costi legati alla gestione dei sistemi di monitoraggio, sia per attrezzature che per personale, richiedono una crescente attenzione alla loro progettazione, al fine di ottenere la massima qualità dei risultati. Negli Stati Uniti la FHWA definisce periodicamente alcune linee guida per migliorare questi aspetti attraverso la Traffic Monitoring Guide (2001) e ha raggiunto progressivamente un ruolo di riferimento per altre agenzie dello stesso tipo in altre parti del mondo, Italia compresa. Tale procedura è basata sull’uso congiunto di rilievi di diversa durata (rilievi in continuo con strumenti fissi e rilievi di breve durata con apparecchiature portatili) ed è finalizzata principalmente alla stima del Traffico Giornaliero Medio Annuo (Annual Average Daily Traffic, AADT). L’analisi della letteratura esistente ha individuato la lacuna principale della procedura FHWA nella determinazione dei gruppi tipologici di strade sulla base dei profili temporali di traffico e nell’assegnazione delle sezioni monitorate con rilievi di breve durata a questi gruppi. L’approccio elaborato si è pertanto posto l’obiettivo di migliorare la procedura relativamente a questi due aspetti rilevanti. Per trattare l’esistenza di situazioni di incerta attribuzione di una sezione stradale ad un certo gruppo tipologico, specie quando non è semplice fornire una chiara definizione in termini trasportistici (ad esempio strada “pendolare” o “turistica”), sono state adottate tecniche di Fuzzy Clustering, garantendo un’opportuna trattazione formale del problema. Per quanto concerne il secondo aspetto, le sezioni non monitorate in continuo vengono inserite nel gruppo tipologico più simile rispetto ai profili temporali di traffico osservati. Per effettuare l’assegnazione di queste sezioni ai gruppi tipologici, l’approccio proposto ha utilizzato una Rete Neurale Artificiale, opportunamente progettata per mantenere l’incertezza presente nella fase di creazione dei gruppi fino alla fine del processo. L’output della rete è infatti rappresentato dall’insieme delle probabilità di appartenenza del rilievo di breve durata ai diversi gruppi tipologici ed è interpretato utilizzando la teoria di Dempster-Shafer. Le misure di incertezza associate all’output (indici di non-specificità e discordanza) permettono di descrivere sinteticamente la qualità dell’informazione disponibile. L’approccio proposto è stato implementato considerando i dati di monitoraggio provenienti dal programma SITRA (Sistema Informativo TRAsporti) della Provincia di Venezia. Rispetto all’ambito applicativo di interesse è stata verificata la validità dell’approccio, confrontando i risultati ottenuti nella stima dell’AADT con precedenti approcci proposti in letteratura. L’analisi comparativa dei risultati ha permesso di rilevare una migliore accuratezza delle stime e soprattutto la possibilità, assente nei precedenti approcci, di evidenziare eventuali carenze informative (dovute all’esiguo numero di dati) e la necessità di procedere con ulteriori rilievi di traffico. I risultati positivi ottenuti in questa fase sperimentale hanno permesso di avviare il progetto per la realizzazione di uno strumento software di immediata spendibilità applicativa
In the study of transportation systems, the collection and the use of correct information of the state of the system represent a central point for the development of reliable and proper analyses. Unfortunately in many application fields information is generally obtained using limited, scarce and low-quality data and their use produces results affected by high uncertainty and in some cases low validity. Technological evolution processes which interest different fields, including Information Technology, electronics and telecommunications make easier and less expensive the collection of large amount of data which can be used in transportation analyses. These data include traditional information gathered in transportation studies (e.g. traffic volumes in a given road section) and new kind of data, not directly connected to transportation needs (i.e. Bluetooth and GPS data from mobile phones). However in many cases, in particular for the latter case, this large amount of data cannot be directly applied to transportation problems. Generally there are low-quality, non-homogeneous data, which need time consuming verification and validation process to be used. Data Mining techniques can represent an effective solution to treat data in these particular contexts since they are designed to manage large amount of data producing results whose quality increases as the amount of data increases. Based on these facts, this thesis first presents a review of the most well-established Data Mining techniques, identifying application contexts in transportation field for which they can represent useful analysis tools. Data mining can be defined as the process of exploration and analysis which aims to discover meaningful patterns and ‘’hidden’’ rules in the set of data under analysis. Data Mining could be considered a step of a more general Knowledge Discovery in Databases Process, which begins with selection, pre-processing and transformation of data (“mined” data are generally collected for reasons different from the analysis) and is completed with the interpretation and evaluation of results. A classification scheme generally accepted identifies six categories of DM techniques, which are related to the objective one would achieve from the analysis: estimation (neural networks, regression models, decision trees), prediction (neural networks, decision trees), classification (k-nearest neighbor, decision trees, neural networks), clustering (clustering techniques, Self-Organizing-Maps), affinity grouping or association (association rules) and profiling (association rules). In the review of the wide literature concerning Data Mining methods, particular attention has been devoted to the well-established technique of clustering, classification and association, since they are the most applied in different application contexts. The literature review process has been further extended to Data Mining applications in the transportation field. This review highlights the great flexibility of use of these techniques and the increasing number of applications. Many research topics have taken advantages of these innovative tools and some of them are presented due to their interest: short-term traffic flow forecasting from historical and real-time data, identification and quantification of factor risks in accident analysis, analysis of pavement management systems and traffic monitoring systems. The second part of the thesis has focused on the application of Data Mining techniques to road system analysis, through a critical review of U.S. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) traffic monitoring approach. The choice of this topic is due to the fact that traffic monitoring activities represent a relevant aspect of highway planning activities, as a part of the knowledge process. However data collection activities produce relevant management costs, both for equipment and personnel, therefore monitoring programs need to be designed with attention to obtain the maximum quality of results. In the U.S.A., the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides guidance for improving these aspects by way of its Traffic Monitoring Guide (TMG) (FHWA, 2001), which has a reference role for other similar agencies in the world. The FHWA procedure is based on two types of counts (short duration counts taken with portable traffic counters and continuous counts taken with fixed counters) and has the main objective of determine the Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT). Critical review of literature on this topic has pointed out that the most critical aspects of this procedure are the definition of road groups based on traffic flow patterns and the assignment of a section to a road group using short counts. The proposed approach has been designed to solve both issues. The first issue is related to situations for which road section could belong to more than one road group, and the groups cannot be easily defined in transportation terms, (e.g. “commuter road”, “recreational road”). The proposed approach introduces Fuzzy Clustering techniques, which adopt an analytical framework consistent with this kind of uncertainty. Concerning the second issue, road sections monitored with short counts are assigned to the road group with more similar traffic patterns. In the proposed approach an Artificial Neural Network is implemented to assign short counts to roads groups. The Neural network is specifically designed to maintain the uncertainty related to the definition of road groups until the end of the estimation process. In fact the output of the Neural Network are the probabilities that the a specific short counts belongs to the road groups. These probabilities are interpreted using the Dempster-Shafer theory; measures of uncertainty related to the output (indices of non-specificity and discord) provide an assessment of the quality of information in a synthetic manner. The proposed approach have been implement on a case study, using traffic data from SITRA (Sistema Informativo TRAsporti) monitoring program of the Province of Venice. In this specific context the approach has been validated and the results obtained (AADT estimates) from the proposed method have been compared with those obtained by two approaches proposed in previous studies. The comparative analysis highlights that the proposed approach increases the accuracy of estimates and gives indication of the quality of assignment (depending on sample size) and suggests the need for additional data collection. The positive results obtained in the experimental phase of the research have led to the design of a software tool to be used in next future in real world applications.
XXIV Ciclo
1983
Tyler, David Keith. "Improved estimation of uncertainty in flow measurement at sewage treatment works." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409476.
Повний текст джерелаGrabaskas, David. "Efficient Approaches to the Treatment of Uncertainty in Satisfying Regulatory Limits." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345464067.
Повний текст джерелаNiculescu, Mihai. "Towards a Unified Treatment of Risk and Uncertainty in Choice Research." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1249493228.
Повний текст джерелаBooth, Jeremy T. "Modelling the impact of treatment uncertainties in radiotherapy." Adelaide, S.A, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb7255.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаErickson, Julie Reed. "Coping with uncertainty for parents of ill infants." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184426.
Повний текст джерелаGross, Thomas Peter. "Treatment of uncertainty effects in an integrated analysis methodology for rocket vehicles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46438.
Повний текст джерелаPereda, Sebastián Diego de. "Methods for the treatment of uncertainty in dynamical systems: Application to diabetes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/54121.
Повний текст джерела[ES] Los pacientes que sufren de diabetes tipo 1 no son capaces de secretar insulina, por lo que tienen que administrársela externamente. La investigación actual se centra en el desarrollo de un páncreas artificial, un sistema de control que administre automáticamente la insulina en función de las necesidades del paciente. El trabajo que aquí se presenta tiene como objetivo mejorar la eficiencia y la seguridad de los algoritmos de control para el páncreas artificial. Los modelos de glucosa-insulina tratan de emular la administración externa de la insulina, la absorción de carbohidratos y la influencia de ambos en la concentración de glucosa en sangre. El problema es que estos procesos son infinitamente complejos y se caracterizan por su alta variabilidad. Los modelos matemáticos utilizados suelen ser una versión simplificada que no incluye toda la variabilidad del proceso y, por lo tanto, no coinciden con la realidad. Esta deficiencia de los modelos puede subsanarse considerando inciertos sus parámetros y las condiciones iniciales, de manera que se desconoce su valor exacto pero sí podemos englobarlos en ciertos intervalos que comprendan toda la variabilidad del proceso considerado. Cuando los valores de los parámetros y de las condiciones iniciales son conocidos, existe, por lo general, un único comportamiento posible. Sin embargo, si están delimitados por intervalos se obtiene un conjunto de posibles soluciones. En este caso, interesa obtener una envoltura de las soluciones que garantice la inclusión de todos los comportamientos posibles. Una técnica habitual que facilita el cómputo de esta envoltura es el análisis de la monotonicidad del sistema. Sin embargo, si el sistema no es totalmente monótono la envoltura obtenida estará sobrestimada. En esta tesis se han desarrollado varios métodos para reducir, o incluso eliminar, la sobrestimación en el cálculo de envolturas, al tiempo que se satisface la garantía de inclusión. Otro inconveniente con el que nos encontramos durante el uso de un páncreas artificial es que solo es posible medir en tiempo real, con cierto ruido en la medida, la glucosa subcutánea. El resto de los estados del sistema son desconocidos, pero podrían ser estimados a partir de este conjunto limitado de mediciones con ruido utilizando observadores de estado, como el Filtro de Kalman. Un ejemplo detallado se muestra al final de la tesis, donde se estima en tiempo real la concentración de insulina en plasma en función de la comida ingerida y de mediciones periódicas de la glucosa subcutánea con ayuda de un Filtro de Kalman Extendido.
[CAT] Els pacients que pateixen de diabetis tipus 1 no són capaços de secretar insulina, motiu pel qual han d'administrar-se-la externament. La investigació actual es centra en el desenvolupament d'un pàncrees artificial, un sistema de control que administre automàticament la insulina en funció de les necessitats del pacient. El treball que ací es presenta té com a objectiu millorar l'eficiència i la seguretat dels algorismes de control per al pàncrees artificial. Els models de glucosa-insulina tracten d'emular l'administració externa de la insulina, l'absorció de carbohidrats i la influència d'ambdós factors en la concentració de glucosa en sang. El problema és que estos processos són infinitament complexos i es caracteritzen per la seua alta variabilitat. Els models matemàtics emprats solen ser una versió simplificada que no inclou tota la variabilitat del procés i, per tant, no coincideixen amb la realitat. Esta deficiència dels models pot esmenar-se considerant incerts els seus paràmetres i les condicions inicials, de manera que es desconeix el seu valor exacte però sí podem englobar-los en certs intervals que comprenguen tota la variabilitat del procés considerat. Quan els valors dels paràmetres i de les condicions inicials són coneguts, existeix, en general, un únic comportament possible. No obstant, si estan delimitats per intervals s'obté un conjunt de possibles solucions. En este cas, interessa obtindre un embolcall de les solucions que assegure la inclusió de tots els comportaments possibles. Una tècnica habitual que facilita el còmput d'este embolcall és l'anàlisi de la monotonicitat del sistema. No obstant, si el sistema no és totalment monòton l'embolcall obtingut estarà sobreestimat. En esta tesi s'han desenvolupat diversos mètodes per a reduir, o fins i tot eliminar, la sobreestimació en el càlcul dels embolcalls, al temps que se satisfà la garantia d'inclusió. Altre inconvenient amb què ens trobem durant l'ús d'un pàncrees artificial és que només és possible mesurar en temps real, amb cert soroll en la mesura, la glucosa subcutània. La resta dels estats del sistema són desconeguts, però podrien ser estimats a partir d'este conjunt limitat de mesures amb soroll utilitzant observadors d'estat, com el Filtre de Kalman. Un exemple detallat es mostra al final de la tesi, on s'estima en temps real la concentració d'insulina en plasma en funció del menjar ingerit i de les mesures periòdiques de la glucosa subcutània amb ajuda d'un Filtre de Kalman Estés.
Pereda Sebastián, DD. (2015). Methods for the treatment of uncertainty in dynamical systems: Application to diabetes [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/54121
TESIS
Alyaseri, Isam. "QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PROCEDURE FOR UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS IN LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF WASTEWATER SOLIDS TREATMENT PROCESSES." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/795.
Повний текст джерелаChung, Gunhui. "Water Supply System Management Design and Optimization under Uncertainty." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195506.
Повний текст джерелаBailey, Mark A(Mark Alexander) 1970. "Improved techniques for the treatment of uncertainty in physically-based models of catchment water balance." Monash University, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8271.
Повний текст джерелаKlein, Zeggelink William Franciscus Agatha. "Quantitative evaluation of uncertainty in the radiological assessment of breast tumor extent effect on treatment /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/45003.
Повний текст джерелаDangla, Vincent. "Robust design of acoustic treatment for nacelle noise reduction using computational aeroacoustics and uncertainty quantification." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC2024.
Повний текст джерелаIn modern turbofan engines, fan noise is one of the main noise sources due to the constant increasing of engines bypass ratio for fuel burn reduction purposes. As fan noise is characterized by broadband and tonal components, acoustic liners are introduced for their effectiveness in mitigating both components through dissipation effects that are tunable by modifying the liner geometry. Simulations issued from prediction numerical tools are thus extensively used for their tuning, since experiments cannot be considered for obvious costs reasons. As the design of liner systems is frozen in early stages of an aircraft development, it exists a non-negligible variability on its operating environment. This variability directly impacts the design of liners by inducing large discrepencies on the quantities used for its numerical design. Moreover, each time these quantities are updated due to the increased maturity of the aircraft program, lined surfaces are to be reoptimized. The updating phase thus represents important costs in terms of computational time, which could be avoided by accounting for such a variability in preliminary phases of the liner design. This is the main problematic of the present work. As this external variability directly impacts the liner environment, the computational modeling of the liner acoustic performance is uncertain. In order to quantify and account for such an uncertain nature, a robust design of the liner is carried out, by quantifying the overall uncertainty that lies within the liner design computational process. The state-of-the-art computational aeroacoustic model of nacelle liners performance is an industrial numerical code, Actran/TM, which therefore has to be extensively studied so as to exhibit the principle components that are subject to the overall uncertainty. A stochastic modeling of uncertainties is then introduced and grafted on the computational model. It allows for simulating the previously mentioned external variability, by accounting for the uncertainty that lies within the model (modeling errors and model parameters errors), through parametric and nonparametric probabilistic approaches of uncertainties. Then, the propagation of uncertainties in the system is analyzed using the computational model and the Monte Carlo stochastic solver. The acoustic response is then random and the quantification of uncertainties consists in estimating statistics, such as confidence regions associated with a certain confidence level of quantities of interest. From these statistical information, the robustness of a given liner design towards a simulated variability on its performance model can be defined, in addition to the state-of-the-art liner acoustic performance. This information then allows for knowing the propensity of a given liner design to maintain its nominal performance when its environment is changing in a predefined range of variation accounted for by the level of uncertainty imposed on the stochastic model. Then, making a compromise between performance and robustness, the best liner design can be chosen
Merrill, Steven J. "A system dynamics approach for the development of a patient-specific protocol for radioiodine treatment of Graves' Disease." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/260/.
Повний текст джерелаOpen access. "This protocol is the basis of an ongoing pilot study in conjunction with Cooley Dickinson Hospital, Northampton, MA."--P. vii. Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-121).
Gibson, Josephine Mary Evelyn. "Reducing uncertainty : an exploratory study of people's treatment decisions after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2007. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/6560/.
Повний текст джерелаHockett, Keri Ann. "The effects of a comprehensive post-treatment recovery program for breast cancer survivors." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001256.
Повний текст джерелаIlevbare, Imohiosen Michael. "An investigation into the treatment of uncertainty and risk in roadmapping : a framework and a practical process." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/245140.
Повний текст джерелаMinnery, John Gerard William. "Quantifying uncertainty in pathogen removal, membrane integrity monitoring and health consequences in the treatment of drinking water." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12524.
Повний текст джерелаWe used Monte Carlo and Probability Bounds Analysis, to examine uncertainty in removal of oocysts of Cryptosporidium and viruses in membranes used to treat drinking water. In chapter 2, we examined variability and uncertainty in the determination of parameters used in pressure-based direct integrity tests of hollow fiber micro- and ultra-filtration membranes. We found that variability and model uncertainty related to the contact angle may result in defect size resolution that is greater than 3 micrometers. This implies that the test is not always compliant with Environmental Protection Agency requirements established to detect defects large enough to allow the passage of oocysts of Cryptosporidium. Chapter 3 analyzes the decline in pathogen removal from commercial hollow fiber membranes given that fibers will break and that breakage may not be detected and therefore may accumulate. The analysis used reported fiber breakage rates and simple models to determine the flow rate of unfiltered water through broken fibers given hydraulic configurations and operating conditions. We determined that the initial decline in [oo]cyst removal from one broken fiber per membrane is large. Thereafter the decline is gradual. We found the effect of hydraulic differences between manufacturers were small, as was the effect of differences in initial removal in a new membrane. The decline in virus removal on the lower boundary is gradual. We conclude that a qualitative examination of the potential rate of decline in pathogen removal given the resolution of both direct and indirect integrity monitoring should inform policy on awarding pathogen removal. In Chapter 4, we applied Quantitative Microbial Risk Analysis (QMRA) to examine the probability of infection by Cryptosporidium given that fibers may break on a daily basis. This later examination uses an uncertainty analysis of the levels of oocysts in source water bin classifications. The probability of fiber breakage increases the probability of infection, by up to a factor of 10 in the most contaminated waters, whereas the increased risk in less contaminated waters is negligible. This is the first application of Probability Bounds Analysis in a QMRA to determine the health risk of undetected fiber breakage. These results may inform policy on the frequency and resolution of integrity monitoring.
Scheingraber, Christoph [Verfasser], and Heiner [Akademischer Betreuer] Igel. "Efficient treatment and quantification of uncertainty in probabilistic seismic hazard and risk analysis / Christoph Scheingraber ; Betreuer: Heiner Igel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1179075986/34.
Повний текст джерелаMazanec, Susan Rose. "Psychosocial Adjustment During the Post-Radiation Treatment Transition." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1246547016.
Повний текст джерелаDadds, Nicholas Andrew. "Risk-based treatment of uncertainty in trade space exploration : application via Monte Carlo simulation on a manned, mini-submersible model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118660.
Повний текст джерелаThesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2018.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 87-88).
In design, modeling and simulation are commonly used to answer questions of interest as it is both inefficient and expensive to physically build and evaluate numerous possibilities. Any modeling effort aims to build the simplest model while capturing the real-world trends appropriately. When modeling highly complex systems or pushing technological bounds, variables in the model will possess elements of uncertainty. In a trade space approach, different design combinations may exhibit different uncertainty profiles. Omitting uncertainties in the modeling effort can bias design combinations in the overall trade space in terms of capability and cost as well as misrepresent the value of tradeoffs between designs. Therefore, if the uncertainties are not represented, the decision-maker is accepting an unknown level of risk when selecting a design. This thesis proposes that uncertainty in early stage design is not well represented, despite its playing a major role in a system's ultimate success. This research explicitly accounts for uncertainty in model inputs via probability distributions instead of simply applying "best estimate" deterministic values. These distributions are sampled via Monte Carlo simulation to generate uncertainty profiles for different design combinations, thereby increasing the validity of the model outputs. This approach for capturing the implications of uncertainty in early stage design allows for a more accurate representation of design risk. Ultimately, the deterministic design points in the trade space are quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated against the design points incorporating uncertainty. Understanding that model outputs can only ever be as good as model inputs, the exploration of the effect of uncertainty on the design trade space is important. An example of Trade Space Exploration for the conceptual design of a manned, mini-submersible is used to demonstrate an approach for quantifying and visualizing uncertainty to inform decision-making. This case study suggests that visualizing risk at the system level in a typical performance versus cost context is valuable.
by Nicholas Andrew Dadds.
Nav. E.
S.M.
Fabianski, Caroline Julie Cecile. "Complex partnership for the delivery of Urban Rail Infrastructure Project (URIP) : how culture matters for the treatment of risk and uncertainty." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10040111/.
Повний текст джерелаMuhammad, Ruqiah. "A new dynamic model for non-viral multi-treatment gene delivery systems for bone regeneration: parameter extraction, estimation, and sensitivity." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6996.
Повний текст джерелаAgic, Haris. "Hope Rites : An Ethnographic Study of Mechanical Help-Heart Implantation Treatment." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Hälsa och samhälle, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-76158.
Повний текст джерелаAvhandlingen fokuserar på de kulturella aspekterna av den medicinska teknologin som används vid behandling av svår hjärtsvikt. Samtidigt som ny medicinsk teknologi som mekaniska hjälphjärtan räddar liv för den även med sig ovisshet och nya utmaningar som ofta är svåra att förutse. Baserat på nio månaders etnografiskt fältarbete vid ett universitetssjukhus i Sverige undersöks hur denna ovisshet och dessa utmaningar hanteras av medicinskt personal och patienter. I avhandlingen behandlas också sambanden mellan medicinska praktiker och de lokalt delade uppfattningarna om livshotande kroniska sjukdomar, den mänskliga kroppen och teknologins roll. Utifrån diskussioner inom antropologin om ’helande ritualer’ analyseras i avhandlingen de sociala och kulturella aspekterna av behandling med mekaniskt hjälphjärta. Studien visar att genom de rituella aspekterna av denna behandling, genereras och upprätthålls hoppet som en dygd. Den nya medicinska teknologins möjligheter rättfärdigas på så sätt som ett kulturellt accepterat sätt att hantera ovissheten vid svår hjärtsvikt och behandling med mekaniskt hjälphjärta. Även vid lyckade behandlingar, då patienternas liv räddas, blir de trots allt inte riktigt ’botade’ utan förblir bundna till den medicinska världen. Detta nya levnadssätt karakteriseras av en paradoxal och livslång balansgång mellan ovisshet och hopp.
Hadjimichael, Antonia. "Decision-support for adaptive and sustainable urban wastewater system management in the face of uncertainty." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/482080.
Повний текст джерелаEn el marc de desenvolupament sostenible, els gestors dels sistemes de sanejament han d’incloure factors socials, econòmics, tècnics i ambientals durant la presa de decisions. Donada l’elevada complexitat en la presa de decisions, la incertesa relacionada amb aquests factors pot esdevenir rellevant i per tant s’ha d’incorporar de forma adequada. La incertesa està present no només en la forma d’interpretar el sistema sinó també en el seu comportament natural i canviant. Necessitem processos de decisió que siguin adaptatiu i iteratiu per tal d’assegurar que el sistemes de sanejament mantenen la seva eficàcia durant la seva vida útil. Tot i que existeixen en la bibliografia alguns marcs d’ajuda a la presa de decisions cap d’ells inclou de forma efectiva tots aquests aspectes. Per tant, necessitem disposar d’un marc que ajudi en la gestió dels sistemes de sanejament sota el paradigma de gestió adaptativa al mateix temps que consideri aspectes de sostenibilitat i incertesa de diferent origen. Aquest és l’objectiu principal d’aquest treball, conjuntament amb dos aplicacions de demostració.
Holmes, Monique Colette. "No Worries - It's Just Not That Easy!: Investigation and Treatment of Worry and Generalised Anxiety Disorder in Children." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367586.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Psychology (PhD ClinPsych)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
Full Text
Flores, Alsina Xavier. "Conceptual design of wastewater treatment plants using multiple objectives." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7799.
Повний текст джерелаEl segon bloc engloba tècniques d'anàlisi de sensibilitat, optimització preliminar multiobjectiu i extracció de coneixement per donar suport al disseny conceptual d'EDAR, seleccionant la millor alternativa un cop s'han identificat decisions crítiques. Les decisions crítiques són aquelles en les que s'ha de seleccionar entre alternatives que compleixen de forma similar els objectius de disseny però amb diferents implicacions pel que respecte a la futura estructura i operació de la planta. Aquest tipus d'anàlisi proporciona una visió més àmplia de l'espai de disseny i permet identificar direccions desitjables (o indesitjables) cap on el procés de disseny pot derivar. El tercer bloc de la tesi proporciona l'anàlisi multivariant de les matrius multicriteri obtingudes durant l'avaluació de les alternatives de disseny. Específicament, les tècniques utilitzades en aquest treball de recerca engloben: 1) anàlisi de conglomerats, 2) anàlisi de components principals/anàlisi factorial i 3) anàlisi discriminant. Com a resultat és possible un millor accés a les dades per realitzar la selecció de les alternatives, proporcionant més informació per a una avaluació mes efectiva, i finalment incrementant el coneixement del procés d'avaluació de les alternatives de disseny generades. En el quart i últim bloc desenvolupat en aquesta tesi, les diferents alternatives de disseny són avaluades amb incertesa. L'objectiu d'aquest bloc és el d'estudiar el canvi en la presa de decisions quan una alternativa és avaluada incloent o no incertesa en els paràmetres dels models que descriuen el seu comportament. La incertesa en el paràmetres del model s'introdueix a partir de funcions de probabilitat. Desprès es porten a terme simulacions Monte Carlo, on d'aquestes distribucions se n'extrauen números aleatoris que es subsisteixen pels paràmetres del model i permeten estudiar com la incertesa es propaga a través del model. Així és possible analitzar la variació en l'acompliment global dels objectius de disseny per a cada una de les alternatives, quines són les contribucions en aquesta variació que hi tenen els aspectes ambientals, legals, econòmics i tècnics, i finalment el canvi en la selecció d'alternatives quan hi ha una variació de la importància relativa dels objectius de disseny. En comparació amb les aproximacions tradicionals de disseny, el mètode desenvolupat en aquesta tesi adreça problemes de disseny/redisseny tenint en compte múltiples objectius i múltiples criteris. Al mateix temps, el procés de presa de decisions mostra de forma objectiva, transparent i sistemàtica el perquè una alternativa és seleccionada en front de les altres, proporcionant l'opció que més bé acompleix els objectius marcats, mostrant els punts forts i febles, les principals correlacions entre objectius i alternatives, i finalment tenint en compte la possible incertesa inherent en els paràmetres del model que es fan servir durant les anàlisis. Les possibilitats del mètode desenvolupat es demostren en aquesta tesi a partir de diferents casos d'estudi: selecció del tipus d'eliminació biològica de nitrogen (cas d'estudi # 1), optimització d'una estratègia de control (cas d'estudi # 2), redisseny d'una planta per aconseguir eliminació simultània de carboni, nitrogen i fòsfor (cas d'estudi # 3) i finalment anàlisi d'estratègies control a nivell de planta (casos d'estudi # 4 i # 5).
The implementation of EU Directive 91/271/EEC concerning urban wastewater treatment promoted the construction of new facilities and the introduction of nutrient removal technologies in areas designated as sensitive. The need to build at a rapid pace imposed economically sound approaches for the design of the new infrastructures and the retrofit of the existing ones. These studies relied exclusively on the use of heuristic knowledge and numerical correlations generated from simplified activated sludge models. Hence, some of the resulting wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were characterized by a lack of robustness and flexibility, bad controller performance, frequent microbiology-related solids separation problems in the secondary settler, high operating and maintenance costs and/or partial nutrient removal, which made their performance far from optimal. Most of these problems arose because of inadequate design, making the scientific community aware of the crucial importance of the conceptual design stage. Thus, these traditional design approaches should turn into more complex assessment methods in order to conduct integrated assessments taking into account a multiplicity of objectives an hence ensuring a correct plant performance. Despite the importance of this fact only a few methods in the literature addressed the systematic evaluation of conceptual WWTP design alternatives using multiple objectives. Yet, the decisions made during this stage are of paramount importance in determining the future plant structure and operation. The main objective pursued in this thesis targets the development of a systematic conceptual design method for WWTP using multiple objectives, which supports decision making when selecting the most desirable option amongst several generated alternatives. This research work contributes with a modular and evolutionary approach combining techniques from different disciplines such as: a hierarchical decision approach, multicriteria decision analysis, preliminary multiobjective optimization using sensitivity functions, knowledge extraction and data mining techniques, multivariate statistical techniques and uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo simulations. This is accomplished by dividing the design method into 4 different blocks: (1) hierarchical generation and multicriteria evaluation of the design alternatives, (2) analysis of critical decisions, (3) multivariate analysis and, finally, (4) uncertainty analysis. The first block of the proposed method, supports the conceptual design of WWTP combining a hierarchical decision approach with multicriteria analysis. The hierarchical decision approach breaks down the conceptual design into a number of issues that are easier to analyze and to evaluate while the multicriteria analysis allows the inclusion of different objectives at the same time. Hence, the number of alternatives to evaluate is reduced while the future WWTP design and operation is greatly influenced by environmental, technical, economical and legal aspects. Also, the inclusion of a sensitivity analysis facilitates the study of the variation of the generated alternatives with respect to the relative importance of the objectives. The second block, analysis of critical decisions, is tackled with sensitivity analysis, preliminary multiobjective optimization and knowledge extraction to assist the designer during the selection of the best alternative amongst the most promising alternatives i.e. options with a similar overall degree of satisfaction of the design objectives but with completely different implications for the future plant design and operation. The analysis provides a wider picture of the possible design space and allows the identification of desirable (or undesirable) WWTP design directions in advance.
The third block of the proposed method, involves the application of multivariate statistical techniques to mine the complex multicriteria matrixes obtained during the evaluation of WWTP alternatives. Specifically, the techniques used in this research work are i) cluster analysis, ii) principal component/factor analysis, and iii) discriminant analysis. As a result, there is a significant improvement in the accessibility of the information needed for effective evaluation of WWTP alternatives, yielding more knowledge than the current evaluation methods to finally enhance the comprehension of the whole evaluation process. In the fourth and last block, uncertainty analysis of the different alternatives is further applied. The objective of this tool is to support the decision making when uncertainty on the model parameters used to carry out the analysis of the WWTP alternatives is either included or not. The uncertainty in the model parameters is introduced, i.e input uncertainty, characterising it by probability distributions. Next, Monte Carlo simulations are run to see how those input uncertainties are propagated through the model and affect the different outcomes. Thus, it is possible to study the variation of the overall degree of satisfaction of the design objectives, the contributions of the different objectives in the overall variance to finally analyze the influence of the relative importance of the design objectives during the selection of the alternatives. Thus, in comparison with the traditional approaches the conceptual design method developed in this thesis addresses design/redesign problems with respect to multiple objectives and multiple performance measures. Also, it includes a more reliable decision procedure that shows in a systematic, objective and transparent fashion the rationale way a certain alternative is selected and not the others. The decision procedure provides to the designer/decision maker with the alternative that best fulfils the defined objectives, showing its main advantages and weaknesses, the different correlations between the alternatives and evaluation criteria and dealing with the uncertainty prevailing in some of the model parameters used during the analysis. A number of case studies, selection of biological nitrogen removal process (case study #1), optimization of the setpoints in two control loops (case study #2), redesign to achieve simultaneous organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal (case study #3) and evaluation of control strategies at plant wide level (case studies #4 and #5), are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the conceptual design method.
Oberdabernig, Doris Anita. "Revisiting the Effects of IMF Programs on Poverty and Inequality." Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.033.
Повний текст джерелаCroquet, Nicolas A. J. "Formal and substantive covergence between the European Court of Human Rights and the ad hoc International Criminal Tribunals in the treatment of implied external limits upon defence rights : towards global legal uncertainty in the use of generic and specific." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539950.
Повний текст джерелаZalachori, Ioanna. "Prévisions hydrologiques d’ensemble : développements pour améliorer la qualité des prévisions et estimer leur utilité." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AGPT0032/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe last decade has seen the emergence of streamflow probabilistic forecasting as the most suitable approach to anticipate risks and provide warnings for public safety and property protection. However, beyond the gains in security, the added‐value of probabilistic information also translates into economic benefits or an optimal management of water resources for economic activities that depend on it.In streamflow forecasting, the uncertainty associated with rainfall predictions from numerical weather prediction models plays an important role. To go beyond the limits of classical predictability, meteorological services developed ensemble prediction systems, which are generated on the basis of perturbations of the initial conditions of the models and stochastic variations in their parameterization. Equally probable scenarios of the evolution of the atmosphere are proposed for forecasting horizons up to 10‐15 days.The integration of weather ensemble predictions in the hydrological forecasting chain is an interesting approach to produce probabilistic streamflow forecasts and quantify the total predictive uncertainty in hydrology. Last and final summary in the thesis
Oberdabernig, Doris Anita. "Revisiting the Effects of IMF Programs on Poverty and Inequality." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2012. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3609/3/wp144.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSeries: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
Alfaro-García, Víctor G. "Business Innovation: measurement, treatment and decision making in uncertain environments." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/441735.
Повний текст джерелаEs generalmente aceptado que la innovación es una fuente de competitividad para las empresas y para las naciones. El impacto de las actividades de innovación sobre los resultados de las empresas va desde el efecto sobre las ventas y la cuota del mercado hasta la mejora de la productividad y la eficiencia operacional. Los principales beneficios a nivel de nación se distinguen por el incremento de la competencia sectorial, lo cual eleva el rendimiento total de los factores productivos, así como el derrame del nuevo saber-hacer, que permea de forma sistémica las redes empresariales. Es notorio que alrededor del concepto de innovación se encuentran elementos tales como progreso económico, éxito empresarial, solución de problemas, etc. Por lo tanto, identificar las implicaciones que las actividades innovadoras suponen al rendimiento de las empresas es relevante, ya que abre camino para asistir un aspecto clave entorno a la innovación: determinar de forma sistemática qué recursos, de aquellos destinados a gestionar el cambio continuo dentro de las empresas es justificable, y más aún, cuáles de ellos han impactado mayormente a los objetivos y metas de la organización. La fórmula para conocer éste aspecto clave resulta de cierta forma lógica y previamente estudiado por varios autores. Consiste en recopilar información del éxito o fracaso empresarial documentado en estudios especializados en factores determinantes de innovación, a continuación, generar una lista con las características y elementos más relevantes y frecuentes, finalmente aplicar un sistema de puntuación con las mejores prácticas encontradas, sin embargo, tal método se enfrenta a retos complejos como lo es la heterogénea terminología, disimiles puntos de vista alrededor de la innovación y desemejantes definiciones del concepto. Así pues, una correcta evaluación, cuantificación y comparación de las competencias innovadoras de las organizaciones es complejo ya que no existe una tendencia única o principal para evaluar la medida la innovación. Motivados por acortar la brecha científica encontrada en la literatura, presentamos nuestra propuesta, que se centra en la aplicación de técnicas para el tratamiento de la información en la incertidumbre destinadas a apoyar la toma de decisiones hacia la gestión de la innovación y el cambio continuo en la empresa.
Karakaya, Yusuf. "Étude des performances d'un système d'imageur proton dans le cadre de l'approche faisceau à faisceau." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAE009/document.
Повний текст джерелаCalibration of computed tomography image in relative stopping power is a source of uncertainties for the proton therapy treatment planning. Proton imaging could directly obtain stopping powers or equivalent water thicknesses and control uncertainties in the treatment planning. In the context of a new pencil beam approach, this work aims to characterize and optimize the performances of a proton tomography system consisting of a tracker and a range meter. Beam position and width obtained with the tracker and the range meter response matrix modelling by Monte Carlo simulation combined with the unfolding method of the residual Bragg curve enable to reconstruct the water equivalent thickness for each beam. The evaluation of the reconstructed images quality shows that images are artefact free and the proton range is estimated with 0.7% of accurancy by using the unfolding method. This thesis demonstrates the feasibility of such an imaging system
David, Paul. "Le traitement de l'incertitude dans le contentieux des produits de santé défectueux." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB218.
Повний текст джерелаAt a time when healthcare-product litigation is attaining record heights, the implementation into French law of the special liability regime for defective products, which derives from the European Council Directive of 25 July 1985, has led to the emergence of several grey areas of uncertainty which have a direct impact on the outcome of claims for compensation. Areas of material uncertainty have, for the most part, been effectively dealt with through the combined application of case law and the intervention of the legislator. While classic legal tools such as presumption and alternative causality provide a means to resolve a non-negligible part of these uncertainties, judges have also endeavoured to develop new tools, such as risk/utility test and market-share liability. Still, although the development of these legal tools - better suited as they are to the specific features of healthcare products - provide an effective solution to resolving areas of material uncertainty, the treatment of scientific uncertainty, which is based on presumptions of fact, does not always provide satisfactory solutions. The study of the legal treatment of uncertainty in healthcare-product litigation provides a means to assess the benefits but also the limitations of certain tools that are now available to judges but which at times prove inadequate. Intervention on the part of the legislator, while at the same time taking into account the specific features of healthcare products, could lead to the development of a suitable compensation system that could afford relief when litigation fails
Barbosa, Marcel Dupret Lopes. "Estudo da interferência nuclear coulombiana nos isótopos de germânio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-09122013-095720/.
Повний текст джерелаThe analysis of the isospin character of the 2 POT.+ IND.1 excitation in the ANTPOT.70,72,74 Ge nuclei, with 28 MeV ANTPOT.6 Li, was applied to the inelastic scattering in the coulomb nuclear interference (CNI) region. The CNI measurements in the exitation of collective states with light isoscalar projectiles are powerful tools to evidence structure changes in nuclei chains, allowing tests of nuclear models. In this method the simultaneous extraction of the charge and mass deformation parameters, minimizes the uncertainties in the ratio of charge B(El) to mass B(ISl) trasition reduced probabilities, wich are important indicators of the nuclear collectivity. The present analysis was developed in the framework of the distorted wave Born approximation within a deformed optical potential approach (DWBA-DOMP), using a set of global optical model parameters. Excellent quality fits of the predictions to the experimental angular distributions, employing the Gauss iterative method, were obtained. The correlated parameters delta IND.N (nuclear deformation length) and C = delta IND.C/delta IND.N (ratio of charge to nuclear deformation lenghts), and their uncertainties extracted in the least squares method, were validated by statistical tests. The B(IS2) values for germanium isotopes, not previously reported, were determined in the analysis and revealed a structure change not evidenced by the B(E2) values. The isoscalar transition reduced probability raises when the neutron number increases, showing in the ANTPOT.74 Ge an abrupt enhancement. Nevertheless, the eletric transition reduced probability grows smoothly. This behavior was detected following the experimental extracted C parameters, indicating in the heavier isotope a predominance of neutrons in the first quadrupolar excitation. The ANTPOT.70,72 Ge isotopes, on the other hand, displayed equivalent and homogeneous contributions of protoons and neutrons. New information on mass and charge contributions for the 0 POT.+ IND.1 -> 2 POT.+ IND.1 transition, in the germanium isotopes, is now available for future theoretical interpretation.
Gimeno, Melià Vicent Pau. "Environmental and socio-economical assessment of measures to reduce pharmaceuticals in rivers." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667011.
Повний текст джерелаEls fàrmacs són substàncies contaminants de l'aigua que han mostrat efectes perjudicials en organismes aquàtics a concentracions baixes. Alguns països estan començant a planificar i implementar mesures (millores en les EDARs i control de les fonts de la contaminació) per reduir les concentracions de fàrmacs en rius. Els responsables en la presa de decisions utilitzen models per a estimar concentracions de fàrmacs i per a avaluar mesures orientades a reduir aquestes concentracions. Malgrat això, encara existeix molta incertesa en les predictions, la qual cosa compromet la presa de decisions. A més, es requereix desenvolupar eines per optimitzar els costos que se'n deriven. Existeix poca informació científica sobre l'efectivitat de les mesures de control de les fonts per a la reducció de concentracions de fàrmacs en rius. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és proporcionar eines de modelització als responsables en la presa de decisions per avaluar mesures incloent incerteses en tot el procés de presa de decisions
Pruefe, Jenny Maria. "Seeking certainty in an uncertain world : psychosocial aspects of renal replacement therapies in children and adolescents." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607822.
Повний текст джерелаGodo, Pla Lluís. "Design and implementation of an environmental decision support system for the control and management of drinking water treatment plants." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670140.
Повний текст джерелаLes estacions de tractament d’aigua potable (ETAPs) han de fer front a reptes significatius deguts a la pressió antropocèntrica i al canvi climàtic. Per a abordar-los, els gestors de les ETAPs han d’ajustar les unitats de tractament. En el present trebal, s’ha desenvolupat un sistema d’ajut a la decisió (EDSS) per respondre als reptes operacionals principals de dos casos d’estudi reals: les ETAPs del Llobregat i del Ter. Concretament, s’han desenvolupats models basats en el coneixement expert i les dades de procés per fer front al control del procés de pre-oxidació, la formació de subproductes de la desinfecció (DBPs) i per supervisar la seguretat microbiològica de l’aigua produïda. Les diferents eines resultants d’aquesta tesi s’han integrat en un sistema d’ajut a la decisió i han estat validades a escala industrial
Santana, dos santos Elizabeth. "Contribution of the Missense and Non-Coding BRCA1/2 Variants for the Hereditary Predisposition and Response to Treatment of Breast and Ovarian Cancers Assessment of the Functional Impact of Germline BRCA1/2 Variants Located in Non- Coding Regions in Families with Breast and/or Ovarian Cancer Predisposition Non-Coding Variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes: Potential Impact on Breast and Ovarian Cancer Predisposition." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS027.
Повний текст джерелаOvarian and breast cancers are currently defined by the main pathways involved in the tumorigenesis. In hereditary breast/ovarian cancers (HBOC), tumors with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PV) present an impairment of DNA repair by homologous recombination (HR). For many years, BRCA1/2 PV were only searched on germline DNA. Currently, this information is also searched at tumor level to personalize treatment. Even so, the reason of the inactivation of this pathway remains uncertain for most cases, even in the presence of HR deficient signature.Gathered evidence indicates that protein inactivating PV may not be the only mechanism of HR dysfunction. In this context, the main objective of this thesis is to identify alternative mechanisms of HR inactivation to improve both: genetic counseling and therapeutic response. For this purpose, we have attempted to contribute to non-coding and missense (other than premature stop codon) BRCA1/2 variant classification and searched for new biomarkers of therapeutic response to DNA damage agents in other HR genes.We identified germline variants in key transcriptional regulatory elements of BRCA1 and BRCA2, and demonstrated that part of them were functionally active and had additional arguments suggesting pathogenicity. We also explored molecular features of breast and ovarian tumors from BRCA1 variant carriers and observed a predominance of loss of the wild-type allele. Conforming to this evidence, we propose to incorporate LOH information, into the multifactorial model for BRCA1 variant classification. Finally, besides the enrichment of BRCA1/2 germline and somatic PV, we described alternative mechanisms of HR inactivation in a OC population presenting optimal response to platinum-based chemotherapy, including BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation and also mutations in other genes of HR pathway
Matos, José António Silva de Carvalho Campos e. "Uncertainty treatment in civil engineering numerical models." Master's thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/12439.
Повний текст джерелаMatos, José António Silva de Carvalho Campos e. "Uncertainty treatment in civil engineering numerical models." Dissertação, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/12439.
Повний текст джерелаPolidori, David Charles. "A probabilistic treatment of uncertainty in nonlinear dynamical systems." Thesis, 1998. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/8123/1/eerl9709.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, computationally efficient approximate methods are developed for analyzing uncertain dynamical systems. Uncertainties in both the excitation and the modeling are considered and examples are presented illustrating the accuracy of the proposed approximations.
For nonlinear systems under uncertain excitation, methods are developed to approximate the stationary probability density function and statistical quantities of interest. The methods are based on approximating solutions to the Fokker-Planck equation for the system and differ from traditional methods in which approximate solutions to stochastic differential equations are found. The new methods require little computational effort and examples are presented for which the accuracy of the proposed approximations compare favorably to results obtained by existing methods. The most significant improvements are made in approximating quantities related to the extreme values of the response, such as expected outcrossing rates, which are crucial for evaluating the reliability of the system.
Laplace's method of asymptotic approximation is applied to approximate the probability integrals which arise when analyzing systems with modeling uncertainty. The asymptotic approximation reduces the problem of evaluating a multidimensional integral to solving a minimization problem and the results become asymptotically exact as the uncertainty in the modeling goes to zero. The method is found to provide good approximations for the moments and outcrossing rates for systems with uncertain parameters under stochastic excitation, even when there is a large amount of uncertainty in the parameters. The method is also applied to classical reliability integrals, providing approximations in both the transformed (independently, normally distributed) variables and the original variables. In the transformed variables, the asymptotic approximation yields a very simple formula for approximating the value of SORM integrals. In many cases, it may be computationally expensive to transform the variables, and an approximation is also developed in the original variables. Examples are presented illustrating the accuracy of the approximations and results are compared with existing approximations.
Doby, Troy Alvin. "Optimization of wastewater treatment design under uncertainty and variability." 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03312004-160827/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPAN, JING-YUAN, and 潘景元. "The treatment of uncertainty in expert systems using fuzzy logic." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56031789497096000097.
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