Готові списки джерел за темами / Ultrasounds assisted extraction

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ultrasounds assisted extraction"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 25 січня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Ultrasounds assisted extraction"

Berkani, Farida, Maria Luísa Serralheiro, Farid Dahmoune, Malik Mahdjoub, Nabil Kadri, Sofiane Dairi, Sabiha Achat, et al. "Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam. plant treatment by ultrasounds and microwaves to improve antioxidants yield and quality: An overview." North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 5, no. 12 (July 17, 2021): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.5.11.53-68.

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The purpose of this review is to compile the literature published about different aspects of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) use and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) applied on jujube worldwide and to compare the results on the antioxidant activity obtained for each extraction method. As a result of the increased consumers demand for natural products, as well as for those of agro-food, nutraceutical, cosmetic industries, and green extraction techniques are nowadays trending to be potential alternatives that can improve antioxidant yield and its quality from an economical and environmental point of view by reducing time, energy, and solvent consumption. Ultrasounds and microwaves are widely used methods in the extraction of active principles due to their cavitation and dipolar rotation effect, respectively. These two techniques provide efficiency of extraction while minimizing the time and preserving the quality of the food matrix, overcoming the disadvantages of conventional techniques characterized by their consumption of large quantities of solvents and providing a sparse quantity of extraction. Jujube, a shrub with a high antioxidant potential, which can be affected by various extraction conditions can be the target of UAE and MAE to increase the antioxidant extraction yield. Exploiting the beneficial properties such as the antioxidant activity can lead to an industrialization process, replacing therefor synthetic antioxidants with natural compounds. These can also help in the development of new nutraceuticals and can be used, for instance, in agro-food industries as preservatives. Keywords : Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), antioxidants, Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam plant.

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Dumitrascu, L., I. Aprodu, and N. Stanciuc. "Optimization of phytochemicals extraction from cornelian cherries using ultrasounds assisted extraction." Journal of Biotechnology 305 (November 2019): S47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.168.

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Jović, Ozren, Iva Habinovec, Nives Galić, and Marijan Andrašec. "Maceration of Extra Virgin Olive Oil with Common Aromatic Plants Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction: An UV-Vis Spectroscopic Investigation." Journal of Spectroscopy 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7510647.

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Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), garden sage (Salvia officinalis), summer savory (Satureja hortensis), laurel (Laurus nobilis), and other aromatic plants were put in olive oil and exposed to ultrasounds for different duration. Filtrated oils were dissolved in cyclohexane, and UV-Vis measurements were carried out. Absorbance values corresponding to chlorophylls, carotenoids, flavonoids (370 nm), and polyphenols (around 300 nm) were measured. In addition, for some samples, total phenols were determined using Folin-Denis reagent and compared with the similar maceration procedure in water solvent (instead of olive oil). Maceration without ultrasound in olive oil for each plant was also compared with ultrasound-assisted extraction. The results show that significant amount of aromatic content can be extracted in olive oil by applying ultrasounds for only few minutes, especially for Salvia officinalis powder. The use of UV-Vis measurements is simple but enough to examine the extent of phenol content extraction through such maceration procedure.

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Mróz, Marika, Edyta Malinowska-Pańczyk, Agnieszka Bartoszek, and Barbara Kusznierewicz. "Comparative Study on Assisted Solvent Extraction Techniques for the Extraction of Biologically Active Compounds from Sideritis raeseri and Sideritis scardica." Molecules 28, no. 10 (May 20, 2023): 4207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104207.

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The plants in the Sideritis genus are postulated to exhibit several important medicinal properties due to their unique chemical composition. To isolate the targeted phytochemical compounds, the selection of a suitable extraction method is of primary importance. In this work, a comparative study on the phytochemical profiles of various Sideritis raeseri and Sideritis scardica extracts has been carried out. An untargeted metabolomics approach based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry was applied to investigate the metabolic differences between extracts obtained by conventional extraction and extractions assisted by microwaves, ultrasounds and high pressure. Additionally, the influence of extraction solvents on HPLC antioxidant profiles obtained following the derivatization of analytes with ABTS reagent was evaluated. A total of 102 metabolites have been putatively identified. The major secondary metabolites groups were classified as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenylethanoid glycosides and phenolic acids. The main antioxidants in the extracts were isoscutellarein and hypolaetin derivatives as well as verbascoside and chlorogenic acid. The results showed that 70% ethanol was the most effective extractant for different classes of phytochemicals including antioxidants. In addition, extraction supported with microwaves, ultrasounds or high pressure improved the overall recovery of metabolites by about 3 times compared to the conventional extraction method.

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Fu, Lipei, Guicai Zhang, Jijiang Ge, Kaili Liao, Yanfeng He, Xiang Wang, and Haitao Li. "Study on dual-frequency ultrasounds assisted surfactant extraction of oil sands." Fuel Processing Technology 167 (December 2017): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.06.020.

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Kaderides, Kyriakos, Lygeri Papaoikonomou, Melania Serafim, and Athanasia M. Goula. "Microwave-assisted extraction of phenolics from pomegranate peels: Optimization, kinetics, and comparison with ultrasounds extraction." Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification 137 (March 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2019.01.006.

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Noore, Shaba, Navin Kumar Rastogi, Colm O’Donnell, and Brijesh Tiwari. "Novel Bioactive Extraction and Nano-Encapsulation." Encyclopedia 1, no. 3 (July 26, 2021): 632–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1030052.

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An extraction technology works on the principle of two consecutive steps that involves mixture of solute with solvent and the movement of soluble compounds from the cell into the solvent and its consequent diffusion and extraction. The conventional extraction techniques are mostly based on the use of mild/high temperatures (50–90 °C) that can cause thermal degradation, are dependent on the mass transfer rate, being reflected on long extraction times, high costs, low extraction efficiency, with consequent low extraction yields. Due to these disadvantages, it is of interest to develop non-thermal extraction methods, such as microwave, ultrasounds, supercritical fluids (mostly using carbon dioxide, SC-CO2), and high hydrostatic pressure-assisted extractions which works on the phenomena of minimum heat exposure with reduced processing time, thereby minimizing the loss of bioactive compounds during extraction. Further, to improve the stability of these extracted compounds, nano-encapsulation is required. Nano-encapsulation is a process which forms a thin layer of protection against environmental degradation and retains the nutritional and functional qualities of bioactive compounds in nano-scale level capsules by employing fats, starches, dextrins, alginates, protein and lipid materials as encapsulation materials.

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Gharibzahedi, Seyed Mohammad Taghi, and Zeynep Altintas. "Ultrasound-Assisted Alcoholic Extraction of Lesser Mealworm Larvae Oil: Process Optimization, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Energy Consumption." Antioxidants 11, no. 10 (September 28, 2022): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11101943.

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The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil from lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus L.) larvae powders (LMLPs) using ethanol/isopropanol as the superior solvent was optimized. The evaluation of time (9.89–35.11 min), solvent-to-LMLPs (2.39–27.61 v/w), and temperature (16.36–83.64 °C) showed that the highest extraction efficiency (EE, 88.08%) and in vitro antioxidant activity (IVAA) of reducing power (0.651), and DPPH free-radical scavenging capacity (70.79%) were achieved at 22.5 v/w solvent-to-LMLPs and 70 °C for 22.64 min. Optimal ultrasound conditions significantly improved the EE than n-hexane extraction (60.09%) by reducing the electric energy consumption by ~18.5 times from 0.637 to 0.035 kWh/g. The oil diffusivity in ethanol-isopropanol during the UAE (0.97 × 10−9 m2/s) was much better than that of n-hexane (5.07 × 10−11 m2/s). The microstructural images confirmed the high efficiency of ethanol-isopropanol in the presence of ultrasounds to remove oil flakes from the internal and external surfaces of LMLPs. The improved IVAA was significantly associated with the total phenolic (4.306 mg GAE/g, r = 0.991) and carotenoid (0.778 mg/g, r = 0.937) contents (p < 0.01). Although there was no significant difference in the fatty acid profile between the two extracted oils, ethanol-isopropanol under sonication acceptably improved oxidative stability with lower peroxides, conjugated dienes and trienes, and free fatty acids.

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Baiano, Antonietta, Roberto Romaniello, Ferruccio Giametta, and Anna Fiore. "Optimization of Process Variables for the Sustainable Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Chicory and Fennel By-Products." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (March 25, 2023): 4191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074191.

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The production of minimally processed vegetables generates large amounts of by-products whose concentrations in bioactive compounds is comparable to those of the edible part. The aim of this work was the optimization of sustainable processes for the extraction of phenolic compounds from chicory and fennel by-products using water as solvent. The results were compared with those obtained through a conventional extraction performed with a 70% ethanol aqueous solution as extraction solvent. The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extractions (MAE) were established by developing two Box–Behnken designs, respectively, a four-factor, three-level design and a three-factor, three-level design. A quadratic polynomial model was useful in optimizing both the ultrasonic (R2 0.8473 for chicory and R2 0.9208 for fennel) and microwave (R2 0.9145 for chicory and R2 0.7836 for fennel) extraction of bioactive compounds as well as the antioxidant activity of extract (R2 0.8638 for chicory and R2 0.9238 for fennel treated with ultrasounds; R2 0.9796 for chicory and R2 0.7486 for fennel submitted to MAE). The UAE conditions able to maximize the total phenolic concentrations were: 10 g/100 mL, 55 °C, t: 60 min, 72 W for chicory (9.07 mg gallic acid/g dm) and 15 g/100 mL, 45 °C, t: 40 min, 120 W for fennel (6.64 mg gallic acid/g dm). Concerning MAE, the highest phenolic concentrations were obtained applying 7.5 g/100 mL; 2 min; 350 W for chicory (8.23 mg gallic acid/g dm); 7.5 g/100 mL; 3 min; 160 W for fennel (6.73 mg gallic acid/g dm). Compared to conventional solvent extraction, UAE and MAE allowed the obtainment of (a) chicory extracts richer in phenolic compounds (+48% and +34%, respectively), in less time (4-fold and 90-fold reduction, respectively) and (b) fennel, extracts with slightly lower amount of phenolics (−11.7% and −10.5%, respectively) but halving the extraction time (UAE) or reducing it to 60-fold (MAE).

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Ultrasounds assisted extraction"

Belghith, Yosra. "Eco-extraction de biomolécules à haute valeur ajoutée à partir de grignons d’olive." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Avignon, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023AVIG0119.

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Le grignon d’olive est le coproduit principal généré par le procédé d’extraction de l’huile d’olive. Bien que délétère pour l’environnement, le grignon d’olive est une source potentielle de molécules naturelles bénéfiques pour la santé humaine. Une partie de nos travaux a été consacrée à la caractérisation d’un extrait éthanolique de grignon d’olive. L’analyse par UPLC/MS nous a permis d’identifier 59 métabolites secondaires dont les plus abondants sont l’hydroxytyrosol, le tyrosol, l’oleuropéine aglycone, l’oléoside, l’acide caféique et l’acide pcoumarique. Des tests biologiques ont montré que l’extrait éthanolique était doté d’activité antioxydante, antidiabétique et analgésique. Une deuxième partie s’est focalisée sur l’optimisation des rendements d’extraction des polyphénols du grignon d’olive à l’aide de technologies d’extraction éco-responsables. Ces travaux nous ont amené à conclure que les conditions optimales d’extraction ont été obtenues pour un ratio de (60/40) (EtOH/H2O) à l’aide du procédé d’extraction accélérée par solvant. Dans une dernière partie, une nouvelle approche a été développée visant l’optimisation de l’extraction des composés phénoliques en considérant des huiles végétales comme solvant d’extraction. Basé sur un plan factoriel complet à trois facteurs (type d’huile, température et technique d’extraction), nous avons pu montrer que les conditions optimales de l’extraction des polyphénols du grignon étaient l’extraction assistée par ultrasons dans l’huile d’olive à 65°C
Olive pomace is the main by-product generated through olive oil extraction. Although toxic to the environment, olive pomace is an important source of natural products beneficial to human health. Part of our work focuses on an ethanolic extract of pomace. UPLC/MSanalyses allowed us to identify 59 secondary metabolites, the most abundant of which are hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein aglycone, oléoside, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid. In addition, biological tests have shown that the ethanolic extract has antioxidant, anti-diabetic and analgesic activities. A second part based on the optimization of polyphenol extraction yields from olive pomace was carried out. This work led us to conclude that 60:40 EtOH: H2O was the best extraction solvent ratio and that “accelerated solvent extraction” was the best extraction process. In the last part, a new approach was developed to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds using vegetable oils as extraction solvent. Based on a complete factorial design with three factors (type of oil, temperature and extraction technique), we have concluded that the optimal conditions for the extraction of polyphenols from pomace are as follows: extraction with olive oil at 65°C using ultrasound-assisted extraction

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Duhayon, Christophe. "Copper solvent extraction by ultrasound-assisted emulsification." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210155.

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The goal of this research is to improve an extractive metallurgy process based

on solvent extraction. This process should fit the exploitation of small local

copper-rich deposits. In these conditions, the plant has to be as compact as

possible in order to be easily transported from one location to a subsequent

one. Improved extraction kinetics could ensure a high throughput of the

plant despite its compactness. In addition, the extraction reagent should

not be damaging for the environnement. On this basis, we propose to use

ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction. The main idea is to increase the

extraction kinetics by forming an emulsion in place of a dispersion thanks to

the intense cavitation produced by ultrasound. The benefit of this method

is to improve the copper extraction kinetics by increasing the interfacial

surface area and decreasing the width of the diffusion layer. We studied the

implementation of an highly branched decanoic acid (known as Versatic-

10®acid) as a copper extraction reagent dispersed in kerosene.

Emulsification is monitored through the Sauter diameter of the organic

phase droplets in aqueous phase. This diameter is measured during pulsed

and continuous ultrasound irradiation via a static light scattering technique.

The phenomenon of emulsification of our system by ultrasound is effective,

and the emulsification process carried out in the pulsed ultrasound mode is

at least as efficient as the emulsification obtained under continuous mode.

No improvement of emulsification is observed beyond a threshold time of

the ultrasound impulse. This may be attributed to a competition between

disruption and coalescence. The use of mechanical stirring combined with

pulsed ultrasound allows to control the droplet size distribution.

In presence of ultrasound, the extraction kinetics of Versatic-10 acid is

multiplied by a factor ten, and therefore reached a value similar to the kinetics

observed without ultrasound with an industrial extractant such as

LIX-860I®(Cognis). Extraction kinetics measurements are carried out by

monitoring the copper ion concentration in the aqueous phase with an electrochemical

cell.

We conclude that ultrasound-assisted emulsification can be implemented

under certain conditions. Emulsification is a first step, and the following

destabilization step has to be studied. The device using ultrasound-assisted

emulsification should be followed by an efficient settling-coalescing device. A

possible solution would be to promote emulsion destabilization by increasing

the ionic strength with an addition of MgSO4, a salt that is not extracted

by the extraction reagent in the considered range of pH.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Ozcan, Evren. "Ultrasound Assisted Extraction Of Phenolics From Grape Pomace." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606908/index.pdf.

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Grape pomace is a by-product of wineries. It is one of the most potent antioxidant sources due to its high phenolic content. In this thesis study, ultrasound assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from Merlot grape pomace has been studied. The effects of sonication time, subsequent extraction time in shaking water bath at 45°
C and composition of the solvent on extraction efficiency and recovery of phenolics were studied by response surface methodology. Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method was used to analyze effects of process parameters on the total phenolic content of the extracts. The best recovery (47.2 mg gallic acid equivalents of total phenolics per g of dried grape pomace) was obtained using 30 % aqueous ethanol and applying 6 minutes of sonication followed by 12 minutes of shaking in water bath at 45°
C.

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Melikoglu, Mehmet. "Ultrasound Assisted Extraction Of Lipids And Antioxidants From Wheat Germ." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605799/index.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis work was to extract lipids and antioxidants from wheat germ using an ultrasonic bath. Alternative solvents: Ethanol, isopropanol and acetone were used for the extraction purposes and for the fat content determination hexane was used. Alternative solvents dissolve wax, phospholipids and some other proteins because of their polar nature which increased the yield. Since waxes and some proteins can be added to the soaps and creams which were made from carrier oils, obtaining these substances together with the oil in the extract was very useful. For isopropanol a linear relation was found between the extract ratio and ultrasonication time. The highest extract ratios were achieved with ethanol. For 30 minutes of ultrasonication 0.10 g extract / g germ was obtained. After the extraction in order to enhance the phase separation between the solid phase (germ and other solids) and the extract phase, combinations of centrifugation, storage in the refrigerator and decantation were tested. The technique involving storage the extracts in the refrigerator for 24 hours and centrifugation at 2800 rpm for 20 minutes gave the second highest yield but the best phase separation. Ethanol extracts from both roasted and nonroasted wheat germs were characterized in terms of their total polyphenol contents. For non roasted wheat germs total polyphenol contents of 200 mg gallic acid / L solution and for roasted wheat germs an average of 170 mg gallic acid / L solution were obtained for 30 minutes of ultrasonic extraction. For nonroasted wheat germs weak but significant linear relations were found between total polyphenol contents of the extracts and ultrasonication time.

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Latheef, Mohsin Bin. "Pulsed ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction of oil from soybeans and microalgae." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107890.

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The two biological oils used in this study come from two distinctly different sources; soybeans and microalgae. Yet, both are economically important due to the similarities in their nutritional and industrial value. Besides being the top sources for health-promoting polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), both oils are becoming increasingly important in the production of biodiesel (through transesterification). The microalgal species chosen for the current study was Nannochloropsis oculata, a small marine microalga known for its unusually high lipid content. Conventionally, soybean and microalgal oils are extracted using the organic solvents n-hexane and chloroform-methanol (CM), respectively. However, both solvents have several drawback associated with them; n-hexane is highly volatile and flammable, while CM poses high toxicity and safety concerns (due to the presence of chloroform). The alternative solvent mixture of hexane-isopropanol (HIP), as a result of its better safety and efficiency qualities, has been used as the primary solvent in this study. Ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction or UASE has recently become popular as a novel alternative to traditional standalone solvent extraction, offering numerous advantages such as shorter treatment times, simpler sample preparation and higher efficiency. Hence, pulsed UASE with HIP (3:2 v/v) as solvent was the principal technique investigated in this study. Ultrasonic processing was carried out using an immersed probe (or sonotorode) resonating at a maximum amplitude of 124 µm. Two parameters related to UASE were studied; resonance amplitude and effective treatment time. The oil yields (assessed gravimetrically) and fatty acid profiles (from GC) of the extracted oils were analysed. The study showed that pulsed UASE resulted in high extraction efficiency (upto 19.92% oil yield was obtained for soybeans and upto 69.53% oil was extracted from N. oculata). Both amplitude and treatment time were found to have significant effects on oil yield. However, the study also showed that high resonance amplitude and treatment time did not necessarily produce high yields. For soybeans, the oil extracted by pulsed UASE was found to be comparable in fatty acid composition to that extracted by traditional methods such as Soxhlet and room temperature shaking. In contrast, the extracted microalgal oil had a superior PUFA profile compared to these two traditional methods.
Dans cette étude, deux huiles de sources très différentes sont utilisées; les graines de soja et les microalgues. Chacune de ces huiles possèdent un intérêt économique important en raison de sa valeur nutritive et industrielle. Elles sont connues pour être une des principales sources en acides gras polyinsaturés (AGPI), et deviennent de plus en plus utilisées dans la production de biodiesel (par transestérification). L'espèce de microalgues choisie pour l'étude était Nannochloropsis oculata, une petite microalgue marine connue pour sa teneur en lipides anormalement élevés. Traditionnellement, les huiles de soja et de microalgues sont extraites en utilisant respectivement, les solvants n-hexane et le chloroforme-méthanol (CM). Toutefois, ces deux solvants ont plusieurs inconvénients; le n-hexane est très volatil et inflammable, tandis que le CM possède une toxicité élevée et des problèmes de sécurité (en raison de la présence de chloroforme). Un solvant alternatif, l'hexane-isopropanol (HIP), a donc été utilisé comme solvant principal dans cette étude en raison de sa moins grande nocivité et de son efficacité. L'extraction assistée par ultrason avec solvant ou EAUS est de plus en plus utilisée comme nouvelle alternative à l'extraction par solvant traditionnelle, offrant de nombreux avantages tels qu'un temps de traitement plus court, une préparation de l'échantillon plus simple et une meilleure efficacité. Ainsi, la principale technique utilisée dans cette étude a été la technique EAUS avec HIP (3:2 v/v) comme solvant. Le traitement par ultrasons a été réalisée en utilisant une sonde immergée (ou sonotorode) résonnant à une amplitude maximale de 124 µm. Deux paramètres ont été étudiés; l'amplitude de résonance et la durée de traitement. Les rendements en huile (évaluée par gravimétrie) et la composition en acides gras (par CG) des huiles extraites ont été analysées. L'étude a montré que l'EAUS abouti à des taux d'extraction élevés (jusqu'à 19.92% de rendement en huile pour les graines de soja et jusqu'à 69.53% d'huile extraite à partir de N. oculata). L'amplitude et la durée de traitement ont tous deux des effets significatifs sur le rendement en huile. Cependant, l'étude a également montré qu'une amplitude de résonance et un temps de traitement élevé ne donnent pas nécessairement un fort rendement. Pour les graines de soja, la composition en acide gras de l'huile extraite par EAUS est comparable à celle extraite par des méthodes traditionnelles telles que Soxhlet et l'extraction par agitation à température ambiante. En revanche, l'huile extraite des microalgues a une teneur en AGPI plus élevé par rapport à ces deux méthodes traditionnelles.

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Yu, Dajun. "Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction of protein hydrolysates from brewer's spent grain." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97875.

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Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the most abundant by-product of the brewing industry and its main application is limited to low-value cattle feed. Since BSG contains 20 to 25% of proteins, it has the potential to provide a new protein source to the food industry. In this research, an ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction was designed to extract protein hydrolysates from BSG. Original BSG and ultrasound pretreated BSG were hydrolyzed under different enzyme (Alcalase) loadings and incubation times. Centrifugation was applied to separate solubilized proteins from insoluble BSG residue. When the enzyme loading increased from 1 to 40 uL /g BSG, the solubilized proteins increased from 34% to 64.8%. The application of ultrasound further increased the solubilized proteins from 64.8% to 69.8%. Solubilized proteins from ultrasound pretreated BSG was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that from the original BSG. Particle size distribution analysis showed that the application of ultrasound pretreatment reduced the BSG particle size from 331.2 to 215.7 um. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the BSG particle surface was partially ruptured by the ultrasound pretreatment. These two phenomena might have contributed to the increased protein separation efficiency with ultrasound pretreatment. The solubility (pH 1.0 to 11.0) of protein hydrolysate increased by the application of ultrasound and the ultrasound did not lead to the change of the amino acid composition of the separated protein hydrolysates. Based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profile, the protein was degraded to peptides which had molecular weights lower than 15 kDa. The color of the separated protein hydrolysates by enzymatic hydrolysis was brighter and lighter than the original BSG. The application of ultrasound did not affect the color of the separated protein hydrolysates. Overall, the ultrasound pretreatment prior to enzymatic hydrolysis enhanced the extraction of proteins from BSG in terms of higher protein separation efficiency, lower enzyme loadings, and reduced incubation time. This study developed a novel and green method to effectively extract value-added protein hydrolysates from the low-value food processing byproducts.
MSLFS

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Gelmez, Nilufer. "Ultrasound Assisted And Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Of Antioxidants From Roasted Wheat Germ." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609364/index.pdf.

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Анотація:

This study covers the extraction of antioxidants from wheat germ
which is the byproduct of the flour-milling industry and a rich source of antioxidants
with Ultrasound Assisted (UAE) and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SC-CO2) extractions. Extraction conditions were ultrasonication time (1&ndash
11 min), temperature (20&ndash
60°
C) and ethanol level (5&ndash
95%) for UAE, and pressure (148&ndash
602 bar), temperature (40&ndash
60°
C) and time (10&ndash
60 min) for SC-CO2 extraction. The extraction conditions were optimized based on yield (%), total phenolic contents (TPC, mg GAE/g extract) and antioxidant activities (AA, mg scavenged DPPH&
#729
/g extract) of the extracts, using Central Composite Rotatable Design. Total tocopherol contents (TTC) of the extracts were determined, as well. UAE (at 60°
C) with low ethanol level (~5-30%) and short times (1-3 min) provided protein rich extracts with high yield, medium TPC and AA. On the other hand, with high ethanol level (~90%) and long times (6-11 min), waxy structured extracts with low yield but high TPC and AA were obtained. SC-CO2 extraction at 442 bar, 40º
C and 48 min. enabled almost 100% recovery of wheat germ oil (9% yield) but TPC and AA of the extracts were low. On the contrary, the extracts obtained at lower pressures (~150bar) and shorter times (~10 min) at 50-60º
C had high TPC and AA since the oil yield was low. However, TPC and AA of these extracts were only half of those extracted by UAE. Maximum tocopherol (7.142 mg tocopherol/g extract) extraction was achieved at 240 bar, 56º
C for 20 min. Both of the methods extracted high amounts of tocopherols from roasted wheat germ (SC-CO2 extraction
0.31 mg tocopherol/g germ, UAE
0.33 mg tocopherol/g germ) but TTC of the extracts obtained by SC-CO2 extraction was superior compared to 1.170 mg tocopherol/g extract obtained by UAE at 9 min, 58º
C and 95% ethanol level. All these extracts with different characteristics have potential uses in cosmetic and food industry depending on the targeted specific application.

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Markevicius, Gediminas. "Pressure Variation Assisted Fiber Extraction and Development of High Performance Natural Fiber Composites and Nanocomposites." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/117.

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It is believed, that due to the large surface areas provided by the nano scale materials, various composite properties could be enhanced when such particles are incorporated into a polymer matrix. There is also a trend of utilizing natural resources or reusing and recycling materials that are already available for the fabrication of the new composite materials. Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer on the planet, and therefore it is not surprising to be of interest for composite fabrication. Basic structures of cellulose, comprised of long polysaccharide chains, are the building blocks of cellulose nano fibers. Nano fibers are further bound into micro fibrils and macro fibers. Theoretically pure cellulose nano fibers have tremendous strengths, and therefore are some of the most sought after nano particles. The fiber extraction however is a complex task. The ultrasound, which creates pressure variation in the medium, was employed to extract nano-size cellulose particles from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The length and the intensity of the cavitations were evaluated. Electron microscopy studies revealed that cellulose nanoparticles were successfully obtained from the MCC after ultrasound treatment of just 30 minutes. Structure of the fractionated cellulose was also analyzed with the help of X-ray diffraction, and its thermal properties were evaluated with the help of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Ultrasound treatment performed on the wheat straw, kenaf, and miscanthus particles altered fiber structure as a result of the cavitation. The micro fibers were generated from these materials after they were subjected to NaOH treatment followed by the ultrasound processing. The potential of larger than nano-sized natural fibers to be used for composite fabrication was also explored. The agricultural byproducts, such as wheat or rice straw, as well as other fast growing crops as miscanthus or kenaf, are comprised of three basic polymers. Just like in wood the polymers are: cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. When subjected to elevated pressures and temperatures, we are able to get access to some of these natural polymers and use them as a matrix material for composite fabrication. Therefore, fabrication of composite materials without addition of synthetic polymers is possible. Thermal and mechanical properties of such composites are evaluated with the help of electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and flexural strength measurements. The chemical changes in the composites are also probed with the help of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Various additives introduced into composite materials provide different properties. The addition of small amounts of synthetic polymers further enhances the properties of natural fiber composites and do not require high fabrication pressures. Calcium sulfite crystals, which are one of the coal combustion products, were combined with the natural fibers and recycled HDPE polymer to form wood substitute composites. The introduction of these additives resulted in composites with the properties similar to those of the natural wood. Coal combustion products, often used in composite material fabrication, contain mercury which may be rereleased during composite fabrication. Mercury behavior under composite fabrication conditions, such as elevated pressures and temperatures were evaluated. Sulfite rich scrubber material, generated during the flue gas desulphurization process was the main target of the study. It was observed that the release of the mercury is highly dependent on the composite fabrication pressure as well as the temperature.

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Pacetta, Cosmo Fernando. "Estudo de diferentes metodologias para a obtenção de extratos de folhas de oliveira (Olea europaea) contendo oleuropeína." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74132/tde-05052014-135759/.

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A oleuropeína é o mais abundante biofenol presente nas folhas de oliveira (Olea Europaea), com importantes funções antimicrobiana e antioxidante. Estudos visando à obtenção deste composto têm sido conduzidos, porém, muitos deles utilizam solventes tóxicos e métodos caros. A presente dissertação teve por objetivo estudar diferentes metodologias para a obtenção de extratos de folhas de oliva contendo quantidades significativas de oleuropeína. Os extratos foram obtidos a partir de folhas de oliva micronizadas, com ou sem pré-tratamento para redução do teor de clorofila, submetidas a contatos simples ou múltiplos com diferentes solventes, como dietil éter, clorofórmio, acetona, etanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, água e soluções hidroalcoólicas com diferentes concentrações. O contato das folhas micronizadas com os solventes foi promovido pelos seguintes métodos: agitação manual em temperatura ambiente, agitação mecânica a 50 ºC, ultrassom ou uma combinação desses dois últimos, totalizando 38 experimentos, sendo que em 17 destes os extratos foram produzidos na forma líquida e 21 na forma sólida. Os resultados mostraram que, de maneira geral, a etapa prévia de redução do teor da clorofila (realizada através de sucessivos contatos com hexano, diclorometano ou ainda, com CO2 supercrítico) não foi vantajosa, devido à elevada quantidade de solventes utilizados em relação às quantidades de extratos obtidos. Nestes experimentos, a maior concentração de oleuropeína, 1,88%, foi detectada no procedimento em que as folhas micronizadas foram previamente umedecidas com etanol e limpas com CO2 supercrítico, e posteriormente colocadas em contato com a mistura etanol e água, na proporção 1:1, utilizando o ultrassom combinado com a agitação mecânica como método de extração. Nos experimentos finais do trabalho, foi estudada ainda a adição de ácidos orgânicos (cítrico ou acético), juntamente com os solventes hidroalcoólicos (diferentes teores de água) no momento da extração da oleuropeína em banho de ultrassom, utilizando amostras que não foram previamente tratadas para remoção da clorofila. A combinação do ácido acético com a solução etanólica contendo 30 % de água resultou em um extrato com 2,17 % de oleuropeína, em apenas 1 contato com o solvente. Quando três contatos foram utilizados, nestas mesmas condições, o teor de oleuropeína aumentou para 4,8 %, maior do que alguns valores encontrados na literatura, utilizando o mesmo método de extração, indicando que processo ainda pode ser otimizado, utilizando técnicas simples e solventes que não agridam o meio ambiente.
Oleuropein is the most abundant biofenol present in olive leaves (Olea europaea), presenting important antioxidant and antimicrobial functions. Studies focusing on obtaining this compound have been conducted; however, many of them use toxic solvents and expensive methods. The present work aimed to study different methodologies for obtaining extracts from olive leaves containing significant amounts of oleuropein. The extracts were obtained from micronized olive leaves, with or without pretreatment for reducing the chlorophyll content, submitted to single and multiple contacts with different solvents such as diethyl ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2 -propanol, water and hydroalcoholic solutions at different concentrations. The contact between the micronized leaves and the solvents was promoted by the following methods: manual shaking at room temperature, mechanical agitation at 50 °C, ultrasound or a combination of these last two methods, totaling 38 experiments, from which in 17 of them the extracts were produced in the liquid form, and in 21 in the solid form (as a powder). The results show that, in general, previous step of reducing the content of chlorophyll (performed by successive contacts with hexane, dichloromethane or with supercritical CO2) was not advantageous due to the high amount of solvent used in relation to amounts of extracts. In these experiments, the highest concentration of oleuropein, 1.88 % was detected in the procedure in which the micronized leaves were previously soaked with ethanol and cleaned with supercritical CO2 and then placed in contact with the mixture of ethanol and water in the proportion 1:1, using ultrasound combined with mechanical agitation as extraction method. In the last experiments of the work, the addition of organic acids (citric or acetic acid) together with hydroalcoholic solvents (different water contents) in the extraction of oleuropein in ultrasound was studied, using samples that have not previously been treated for removal of chlorophyll. The combination of acetic acid to the ethanolic solution containing 30 % of water resulted in an extract with 2.17 % of oleuropein, with only one contact to the solvent. When three contacts were used, under the same conditions, the oleuropein content increased to 4.8 %, larger than some values found in the literature, using the same extraction method, indicating that the process can be further optimized using simple techniques and solvents that do not harm the environment.

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Dary, Chhavarath. "Mise au point des espèces du genre Stephania au Cambodge : études systématique, phytochimique et pharmacologique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5502/document.

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L’objectif de la thèse est une mise au point des espèces de Stephania répertoriées au Cambodge par l’étude systématique, phytochimique et pharmacologique. Du point de vue systématique, les travaux ont permis de répertorier sept espèces et deux variétés de Stephania au Cambodge : S. cambodica, S. japonica var. discolor et var. timoriensis, S. oblata, S. pierrei, S. rotunda (espèce-type), S. suberosa, et S. venosa. La clef de détermination établie lors de ce travail de thèse permet d’identifier ces espèces. D’après les résultats phylogénétiques, seul S. pierrei est monophylétique, ce qui représente moins de 10% des espèces de Stephania. L’étude chimique de cinq espèces a été réalisée par des méthodes chromatographiques (CLHP, UCLHP) et des méthodes spectroscopiques. Différents alcaloïdes ont été proposés comme marqueurs : la palmatine, la roémérine et la tétrahydropalmatine pour S. cambodica et S. rotunda, la cépharanthine, la tétrahydropalmatine et la xylopinine pour S. suberosa, la cépharanthine pour S. pierrei, la crébanine, et la tétrahydropalmatine pour S. venosa. Neuf alcaloïdes ont été isolés à partir du tubercule de S. cambodica, dont un nouveau composé dénommé «angkorwatine ». Une méthode d’éco-extraction des alcaloïdes assistée par ultrasons a été mise au point et optimisée par un plan d’expérience pour cette espèce. Une méthode analytique par UCLHP a été développée et validée pour le contrôle qualité de S. cambodica. Les résultats montrent que les extraits hydroéthanoliques obtenus par macération à partir du tubercule de S. suberosa, S. venosa et S. rotunda présentent une activité anti-inflammatoire importante (in vitro) avec un ratio anti-inflammatoire élevé
The thesis aims to provide update on species of the genus Stephania recorded in Cambodia by systematic, phytochemical and pharmacological studies.The systematic study allowed to list seven species and two varieties of Stephania in Cambodia: S. cambodica, S. japonica var. discolor and var. timoriensis, S. oblata, S. pierrei, S. rotunda (type species), S. suberosa and S. venosa. The presence of S. japonica var. timoriensis and S. oblata is reported for the first time in Cambodia. According to the phylogenetic results, only S. pierrei is monophyletic, which represents less than 10% of species in the genus Stephania. Chemical studies on the tubers of five species were carried out using chromatographic methods (HPLC, UHPLC) and spectroscopic methods. Different isolated alkaloids have been proposed as markers: palmatine, roemerine and tetrahydropalmatine for S. cambodica and S. rotunda, cepharanthine, tetrahydropalmatine, and xylopinine for S. suberosa, cepharanthine for S. pierrei, crebanine, and tetrahydropalmatine for S. venosa. Nine alkaloids belonging to five classes were isolated from the tuber of S. cambodica and a new compound namely "angkorwatine" was described. Ultrasound assisted extraction of alkaloids was developed and optimized by Design of Experiment for this species. This innovative extraction is a good alternative to conventional methods. An analytical UHPLC method was developed and validated for the quality control of S. cambodica. Results show that hydroethanolic extracts obtained by maceration of S. suberosa, S. rotunda and S. venosa exhibit significant anti-inflammatory activity with high anti-inflammatory ratio (selectivity index)

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Частини книг з теми "Ultrasounds assisted extraction"

Pingret, Daniella, Anne-Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier, and Farid Chemat. "CHAPTER 3. Ultrasound‐assisted Extraction." In Green Chemistry Series, 89–112. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849737579-00089.

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Jambrak, Anet Režek, Marinela Nutrizio, Daniella Pingret, Anne-Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier, and Farid Chemat. "Chapter 3. Ultrasound-assisted Extraction." In Green Chemistry Series, 117–43. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839165894-00117.

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Sirozi, Muhamad Ikmal, Noor Hasyierah Mohd Salleh, Zarina Zakaria, Norhidayah Abd Aziz, Siti Aminah Mohd Hassan, and Mohd Amin Zainal Abidin. "Protein Extraction of Momordica Charantia Seed Assisted by Ultrasound Extraction." In Green Energy and Technology, 351–58. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1695-5_30.

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Goswami, Manab Jyoti, Utpal Dutta, and Dwipen Kakati. "Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for Food, Pharmacy, and Biotech Industries." In Bioactive Extraction and Application in Food and Nutraceutical Industries, 103–28. New York, NY: Springer US, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3601-5_5.

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Lin, Cherng-Yuan, Li-Wei Chen, and Bo-Yu Lin. "Microalgae Lipid Extraction Methods and the Fuel Characteristics of Isochrysis galbana by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction." In Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Ultrasound, 141–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9624-8_5.

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Mason, T. J., and M. Vinatoru. "Ultrasonically Assisted Extraction in Food Processing and the Challenges of Integrating Ultrasound into the Food Industry." In Ultrasound in Food Processing, 329–53. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118964156.ch12.

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Saini, Anuradha, Divyani Panwar, Parmjit S. Panesar, and Anjineyulu Kothakota. "Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of High Value Compounds from Agro-Industrial Byproducts." In Valorization of Agro-Industrial Byproducts, 49–72. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003125679-4.

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Duc, Le Anh. "Designing, Manufacturing and Testing an Ultrasound-Assisted Essential Oil Extraction Machine." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 303–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99666-6_46.

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Pulipaka, Shankaraiah, Ashish Suttee, M. Ravi Kumar, Kalakotla Shanker, Ramesh Kasarla, and Swamy Kasarla. "Development of an Innovative Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technique to Optimize Extraction on Phytoconstituents and Compared Conventional Extraction Method." In Techno-societal 2022, 127–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34644-6_14.

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Schneider, Caitlin, Julian Guerrero, Christopher Nguan, Robert Rohling, and Septimiu Salcudean. "Intra-operative “Pick-Up” Ultrasound for Robot Assisted Surgery with Vessel Extraction and Registration: A Feasibility Study." In Information Processing in Computer-Assisted Interventions, 122–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21504-9_12.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ultrasounds assisted extraction"

Nisya, Alinda Fitrotun, Rochmadi Rochmadi, and Arief Budiman. "Ultrasound assisted extraction of microalgae Spirulina sp." In THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF INDONESIAN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021: Enhancing Innovations and Applications of Chemical Engineering for Accelerating Sustainable Development Goals. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0112300.

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Lamsal, Buddhi, and Md Mahfuzur Rahman. "Conventional and novel technologies for extraction of protein and their impact on structure and functionality as ingredient." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/dhxf1174.

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Proteins possess their techno-functionalities by virtues of their state of being, i.e., their molecular makeup and structure, which in turn, is affected by the technologies employed to extract them from the matrices they belong to. This is true for both plant proteins and cell-based proteins. While pH-modulated solubility based aqueous extraction, followed by isolation, is the overwhelming method for plant protein preparations, other technologies, for example dry fractionation (separation based on density, air drag or electrostatic charges), enzyme-, microwave-, ultrasound-, pulsed electric energy- and high pressure-assisted extraction, subcritical water, reverse micelles extraction, and aqueous two-phase systems extraction have been researched for better yields and functionality. Physical separation or dry fractionation preserves the molecular structure and protein possesses better techno-functional and sensory properties than conventional alkaline and acid-based methods. However, dry fractionation can produce only protein concentrate, not isolate. Although alkaline and acid-based methods can prepare to isolate efficiently, subsequent acid precipitation and drying methods form insoluble aggregates and enhance oxidation, which in turn, affect solubility and related functional properties as well as contribute to off-flavor. This presentation will summarize such technologies for extraction, potential for sustainability and their impact on protein's structure and techno-functionalities such as solubility, foaming/emulsion, gelation etc. It will also present authors' recent research on ultrasound-assisted extraction of soy protein and changes in major isolate structure/ function.

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Yahya, Nur Azzanizawaty, Roswanira Abdul Wahab, Therese Lim Shuh Xine, and Mariani Abdul Hamid. "Ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols from pineapple skin." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOSCIENCES AND MEDICAL ENGINEERING (ICBME2019): Towards innovative research and cross-disciplinary collaborations. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5125506.

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Zhai, Zhanliang, Lin Tang, Xiaohui Liu, Xin Gao, and Jingjing Jia. "Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Process of Polysaccharides from Okra Assisted By Response Surface Methodology." In 2015 International Conference on Advanced Manufacturing and Industrial Application. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icamia-15.2015.38.

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Mienis, Esther, and Imogen Foubert. "Effect of ultrasound disruption on lipid extraction from Nannochloropsis sp." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/kvad7452.

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Photoautotrophic microalgae are a novel source of biomass rich in lipids containing nutritionally interesting n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA). However, microalgae incorporated into foods as whole biomass may lead to limited n-3 LC-PUFA uptake by the human body. Incorporation of microalgal oil instead of whole biomass is an interesting alternative. The extraction efficiency of these lipids can be enhanced by adding a cell disruption step during lipid extraction. Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) to enhance lipid recovery from microalgae has been covered in recent literature. UAE is used to speed up lipid extraction for analytical purposes or for industrially applicable lipid extraction of microalgae. In addition, the ultrasonication and lipid extraction by organic solvents of microalgal biomass has been performed in different set-ups: simultaneous ultrasonication and lipid extraction or ultrasonication and subsequent lipid extraction, ultrasonication of wet biomass or dry biomass. Often, no reference method is included to which the lipid extraction efficiency using UAE is compared and the total lipid content of the biomass is not always specified making it impossible to calculate the extraction efficiency. Therefore, the effectiveness of this cell disruption technique for industrial microalgae processing has not consistently been proven in literature. This study investigates the effect of UAE of Nannochloropsis sp. biomass on the lipid extraction efficiency and the lipid quality, expressed as free fatty acid content and peroxide value. The effect of UAE on wet and dry biomass in the absence or presence of organic solvents is compared. The effect of the solvent system, ultrasonication power and ultrasonication time is studied.The results show that the lipid extraction efficiency increases after UAE. The presence of some solvent systems leads to higher lipid extraction efficiency when UAE is performed on dry biomass compared to wet biomass while for other solvent systems, this is reversed.

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Fadhilah, Farah, Ismiarni Komala, and Yuni Anggraeni. "Extraction of Pectin from Breadnut (Artocarpus altilis Fosberg.) using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE)." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Health Science, ICHS 2020, 26-27 October 2020, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.26-10-2020.2311318.

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"Ultrasound-assisted Extraction as a Potential Method to Enhanced Extraction of Bioactive Compound." In 3rd International Conference Eco-Innovation in Science, Engineering, and Technology. Galaxy Science, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/nstp.2022.2729.

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Carmen, Apostol Laura, Ghinea Cristina, Prisacaru Ancuta Elena, and Albu Eufrosina. "Extraction of Active Compounds from Armoracia rusticana Using Maceration and Ultrasound Assisted Extraction." In 2022 E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ehb55594.2022.9991577.

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Nursanto, Eduardus, Kevin Leonardo, and Wegik Prasetyo. "Antioxidant Extraction of Dragon Scale Ferns (Pyrrosia piloselloides) With Ultrasound – Assisted Extraction Method." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Engineering, Infrastructure and Development, ICO-SEID 2022, 23-24 November 2022, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.23-11-2022.2338884.

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Istiningrum, Reni Banowati, Febria Lutfi Udin Pamungkas, Sri Juari Santosa, and Nuryono. "Ultrasound-assisted extraction of magnetic material from natural iron sand." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICSAS2020). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0030725.

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