Готові списки джерел за темами / UAV ecosystem

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "UAV ecosystem"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "UAV ecosystem"

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Lyu, Xin, Xiaobing Li, Dongliang Dang, Huashun Dou, Kai Wang, and Anru Lou. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Remote Sensing in Grassland Ecosystem Monitoring: A Systematic Review." Remote Sensing 14, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14051096.

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Анотація:
In recent years, the application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing in grassland ecosystem monitoring has increased, and the application directions have diversified. However, there have been few research reviews specifically for grassland ecosystems at present. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically and comprehensively summarize the application of UAV remote sensing in grassland ecosystem monitoring. In this paper, we first analyzed the application trend of UAV remote sensing in grassland ecosystem monitoring and introduced common UAV platforms and remote sensing sensors. Then, the application scenarios of UAV remote sensing in grassland ecosystem monitoring were reviewed from five aspects: grassland vegetation monitoring, grassland animal surveys, soil physical and chemical monitoring, grassland degradation monitoring and environmental disturbance monitoring. Finally, the current limitations and future development directions were summarized. The results will be helpful to improve the understanding of the application scenarios of UAV remote sensing in grassland ecosystem monitoring and to provide a scientific reference for ecological remote sensing research.
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Díaz-Delgado, Ricardo, and Sander Mücher. "Editorial of Special Issue “Drones for Biodiversity Conservation and Ecological Monitoring”." Drones 3, no. 2 (June 7, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones3020047.

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Анотація:
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have already become an affordable and cost-efficient tool to quickly map a targeted area for many emerging applications in the arena of Ecological Monitoring and Biodiversity Conservation. Managers, owners, companies and scientists are using professional drones equipped with high-resolution visible, multispectral or thermal cameras to assess the state of ecosystems, the effect of disturbances, or the dynamics and changes of biological communities inter alia. It is now a defining time to assess the use of drones for these types of applications over natural areas and protected areas. UAV missions are increasing but most of them are just testing its applicability. It is time now to move to frequent revisiting missions, aiding in the retrieval of important biophysical parameters in ecosystems or mapping species distributions. This Special Issue is aimed at collecting UAV applications contributing to a better understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem status, threats, changes and trends. Submissions were welcomed from purely scientific missions to operational management missions, evidencing the enhancement of knowledge in: Essential biodiversity variables and ecosystem services mapping; ecological integrity parameters mapping; long-term ecological monitoring based on UAVs; mapping of alien species spread and distribution; upscaling ecological variables from drone to satellite images: methods and approaches; rapid risk and disturbance assessment using drones, ecosystem structure and processes assessment by using UAVs, mapping threats, vulnerability and conservation issues of biological communities and species; mapping of phenological and temporal trends and habitat mapping; monitoring and reporting of conservation status.
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Budianti, Noviana, Masaaki Naramoto, and Atsuhiro Iio. "Drone-Sensed and Sap Flux-Derived Leaf Phenology in a Cool Temperate Deciduous Forest: A Tree-Level Comparison of 17 Species." Remote Sensing 14, no. 10 (May 23, 2022): 2505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14102505.

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Анотація:
Understanding the relationship between leaf phenology and physiological properties has important implications for improving ecosystem models of biogeochemical cycling. However, previous studies have investigated such relationships only at the ecosystem level, limiting the biological interpretation and application of the observed relationships due to the complex vegetation structure of forest ecosystems. Additionally, studies focusing on transpiration are generally limited compared to those on photosynthesis. Thus, we investigated the relationship between stem sap flux density (SFD) and crown leaf phenology at the individual tree level using the heat dissipation method, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based observation, and ground-based visual observation across 17 species in a cool temperate forest in Japan, and assessed the potential of UAV-derived phenological metrics to track individual tree-level sap flow phenology. We computed five leaf phenological metrics (four from UAV imagery and one from ground observations) and evaluated the consistency of seasonality between the phenological metrics and SFD using Bayesian modelling. Although seasonal trajectories of the leaf phenological metrics differed markedly among the species, the daytime total SFD (SFDday) estimated by the phenological metrics was significantly correlated with the measured ones across the species, irrespective of the type of metric. Crown leaf cover derived from ground observations (CLCground) showed the highest ability to predict SFDday, suggesting that the seasonality of leaf amount rather than leaf color plays a predominant role in sap flow phenology in this ecosystem. Among the UAV metrics, Hue had a superior ability to predict SFDday compared with the other metrics because it showed seasonality similar to CLCground. However, all leaf phenological metrics showed earlier spring increases than did sap flow in more than half of the individuals. Our study revealed that UAV metrics could be used as predictors of sap flow phenology for deciduous species in cool, temperate forests. However, for a more accurate prediction, phenological metrics representing the spring development of sap flow must be explored.
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4

Ayub, Ayub Sugara, Feri Nugroho, An Nisa Nurul Suci, and Ari Anggoro. "Utilization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Technology for Mapping Mangrove Ecosystem." Journal of Sylva Indonesiana 4, no. 02 (August 30, 2021): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jsi.v4i02.6149.

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Анотація:
Technological developments, especially in remote sensing in mangrove mapping are growing. One of them is the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) as a vehicle for capturing aerial photo data. This study aims to map the mangrove ecosystem in order to find out spatial information with UAV technology and to identify mangrove species, distribution, and associations. The ground survey was conducted on 02 until 04 May 2019 in North of Lancang Island, Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta Province. The mangrove data collection was carried out in four stations with marking, tracking the mangrove area and drone flights for taking aerial photo data. Based on the research, it was found that the mangroves were in good condition with an area of around 4 hectares, consisting of Rhizophora mucronata. However, there is a lot of waste around the mangrove ecosystem, especially inorganic waste in the form of plastic. Where the presence of garbage can cover the roots of the mangrove so that it can affect respiration and cause death in mangroves. The application of UAV technology that is integrated with GIS in mangrove ecosystem mapping is expected to be an alternative in extracting mangrove databases for future coastal ecosystem management.
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Yan, Wanqian, Haiyan Guan, Lin Cao, Yongtao Yu, Sha Gao, and JianYong Lu. "An Automated Hierarchical Approach for Three-Dimensional Segmentation of Single Trees Using UAV LiDAR Data." Remote Sensing 10, no. 12 (December 10, 2018): 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10121999.

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Анотація:
Forests play a key role in terrestrial ecosystems, and the variables extracted from single trees can be used in various fields and applications for evaluating forest production and assessing forest ecosystem services. In this study, we developed an automated hierarchical single-tree segmentation approach based on the high density three-dimensional (3D) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) point clouds. First, this approach obtains normalized non-ground UAV points in data preprocessing; then, a voxel-based mean shift algorithm is used to roughly classify the non-ground UAV points into well-detected and under-segmentation clusters. Moreover, potential tree apices for each under-segmentation cluster are obtained with regard to profile shape curves and finally input to the normalized cut segmentation (NCut) algorithm to segment iteratively the under-segmentation cluster into single trees. We evaluated the proposed method using datasets acquired by a Velodyne 16E LiDAR system mounted on a multi-rotor UAV. The results showed that the proposed method achieves the average correctness, completeness, and overall accuracy of 0.90, 0.88, and 0.89, respectively, in delineating single trees. Comparative analysis demonstrated that our method provided a promising solution to reliable and robust segmentation of single trees from UAV LiDAR data with high point cloud density.
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6

Siewert, Matthias B., and Johan Olofsson. "Scale-dependency of Arctic ecosystem properties revealed by UAV." Environmental Research Letters 15, no. 9 (August 24, 2020): 094030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aba20b.

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Moreira, Miguel, Fábio Azevedo, André Ferreira, Dário Pedro, João Matos-Carvalho, Álvaro Ramos, Rui Loureiro, and Luís Campos. "Precision Landing for Low-Maintenance Remote Operations with UAVs." Drones 5, no. 4 (September 24, 2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones5040103.

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Анотація:
This work proposes a fully integrated ecosystem composed of three main components with a complex goal: to implement an autonomous system with a UAV requiring little to no maintenance and capable of flying autonomously. For this goal, was developed an autonomous UAV, an online platform capable of its management and a landing platform to enclose and charge the UAV after flights. Furthermore, a precision landing algorithm ensures no need for human intervention for long-term operations.
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Canisius, Francis, Shusen Wang, Holly Croft, Sylvain G. Leblanc, Hazen A. J. Russell, Jing Chen, and Rong Wang. "A UAV-Based Sensor System for Measuring Land Surface Albedo: Tested over a Boreal Peatland Ecosystem." Drones 3, no. 1 (March 16, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones3010027.

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Анотація:
A multiple sensor payload for a multi-rotor based UAV platform was developed and tested for measuring land surface albedo and spectral measurements at user-defined spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions. The system includes a Matrice 600 UAV with an RGB camera and a set of four downward pointing radiation sensors including a pyranometer, quantum sensor, and VIS and NIR spectrometers, measuring surface reflected radiation. A companion ground unit consisting of a second set of identical sensors simultaneously measure downwelling radiation. The reflected and downwelling radiation measured by the four sensors are used for calculating albedo for the total shortwave broadband, visible band and any narrowband at a 1.5 nm spectral resolution within the range of 350–1100 nm. The UAV-derived albedo was compared with those derived from Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 satellite observations. Results show the agreement between total shortwave albedo from UAV pyranometer and Landsat 8 (R2 = 0.73) and Sentinel-2 (R2 = 0.68). Further, total shortwave albedo was estimated from spectral measurements and compared with the satellite-derived albedo. This UAV-based sensor system promises to provide high-resolution multi-sensors data acquisition. It also provides maximal flexibility for data collection at low cost with minimal atmosphere influence, minimal site disturbance, flexibility in measurement planning, and ease of access to study sites (e.g., wetlands) in contrast with traditional data collection methods.
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Erdelj, Milan, Borey Uk, David Konam, and Enrico Natalizio. "From the Eye of the Storm: An IoT Ecosystem Made of Sensors, Smartphones and UAVs." Sensors 18, no. 11 (November 7, 2018): 3814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113814.

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Анотація:
The development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) along with the ubiquity of Internet of Things (IoT) enables the creation of systems that, leveraging 5G enhancements, can provide real-time multimedia communications and data streaming. However, the usage of the UAVs introduces new constraints, such as unstable network communications and security pitfalls. In this work, the experience of implementing a system architecture for data and multimedia transmission using a multi-UAV system is presented. The system aims at creating an IoT ecosystem to bridge UAVs and other types of devices, such as smartphones and sensors, while coping with the fallback in an unstable communication environment. Furthermore, this work proposes a detailed description of a system architecture designed for remote drone fleet control. The proposed system provides an efficient, reliable and secure system for multi-UAV remote control that will offer the on-demand usage of available sensors, smartphones and unmanned vehicle infrastructure.
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Gonzalez Musso, Romina F., Facundo J. Oddi, Matías G. Goldenberg, and Lucas A. Garibaldi. "Applying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to map shrubland structural attributes in northern Patagonia, Argentina." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 50, no. 7 (July 2020): 615–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0440.

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Анотація:
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained attention for forestry applications in recent years. These technologies provide ultrahigh-resolution spatial data for detailed mapping of forest structure, among other forestry applications. UAVs have mainly been tested in high-value timber stands, but little is known about their performance in other woody ecosystems such as shrublands that also provide key ecosystem services. Field measurements in shrublands are time-consuming, so UAVs could be used instead to provide data for shrubland management and conservation. We tested whether UAVs could map common structural attributes in shrublands of northern Patagonia. We specifically evaluated the capability of UAV point clouds for mapping (i) canopy height, (ii) stand density, (iii) basal area, and (iv) volume. The agreement with the field measurements was satisfactory (R2 was up to 0.95 and relative root mean square error (rRMSE) ranged between 12% and 39%) and comparable with those found for coniferous forests in similar studies. This study is a first attempt to characterize the structure of Patagonian shrublands using UAV data. Despite the challenges and methodological aspects that need to be solved, our results encourage the use of UAVs in these types of ecosystems.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "UAV ecosystem"

1

Волков, Ілля Андрійович. "Метод побудови програмного забезпечення безпілотного вантажного літального апарату". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2021. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/46836.

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Анотація:
Дана дисертація розглядає один з можливих способів автоматизації процесу кур’єрської доставки - доставку посилок кінцевому отримувачу за допомогою безпілотних апаратів, які б могли виконувати такі завдання у дуже короткий час, незалежно від завантаженості доріг та систем громадського транспорту. Така система дозволяє суттєво знизити час доставки вантажу кінцевому користувачу, зменшити обсяг інфраструктури, необхідної для підтримки її працездатності та скоротити кількість обслуговуючого персоналу. Також повна автоматизація процесу доставки дозволяє знизити вплив людського фактору на якість обслуговування. На даний момент вже реалізовано кілька таких систем, проте жодна з них не є повністю безпечною та не відповідає всім вимогам до системи автоматичної кур’єрської доставки. Також жодна з цих розробок не має архітектури, що повністю покриває функціонал екосистеми безпілотного літального апарату. Також в даній роботі була досліджена низка готових архітектурних рішень, призначених для побудови аналогічного програмного забезпечення, взятих зі схожих наукових досліджень. Проте жодна з них також не відповідає всім поставленим вимогам до даного програмного забезпечення, або має суттєві недоліки, що перешкоджає її програмній реалізації, впровадженню або застосуванню на практиці. У зв’язку з усіма вище переліченими факторами було прийняте рішення про розробку власної архітектури для реалізації програмного комплексу екосистеми вантажного безпілотного літального апарату. А для підтвердження працездатності цієї архітектури і доведення її ефективності було розроблене відповідне програмне забезпечення із застосуванням запропонованого методу розробки. Метою даного наукового дослідження є розробка методу побудови програмного забезпечення екосистеми вантажного безпілотного літального апарату, такого, що покращить та удосконалить існуючі підходи до програмування БПЛА як з точки зору процесу їх впровадження, так і з точки зору використання кінцевого продукту. Основні задачі, які були виконані під час проведення даного дослідження: ˗ вивчення і аналіз готових впроваджених програмних продуктів-аналогів з метою виявлення їх основних переваг та недоліків; ˗ вивчення і аналіз аналогічних наукових досліджень з метою дослідження шляхів вирішення основних задач побудови програмного забезпечення БПЛА; ˗ створення власного методу побудови програмного забезпечення вантажного БПЛА, враховуючи результати попереднього дослідження предметної області; ˗ написання програмного забезпечення на основі даного методу, аналіз його основних переваг та недоліків, та доведення його ефективності. Об’єктом даного наукового дослідження є архітектура програмного забезпечення екосистеми вантажного БПЛА та підходи до реалізації даної архітектури. Предметом дослідження є методи та способи побудови програмного забезпечення екосистеми вантажного БПЛА. Під час проведення даного дослідження був використаний метод systematic mapping study (систематичний огляд літератури) для вивчення і аналізу предметної області даного дослідження з текстових джерел інформації та метод case study (метод ситуативного аналізу) для аналізу розробленого методу побудови програмного забезпечення. Наукова новизна отриманого методу побудови програмного забезпечення полягає у тому, що в ньому вперше БПЛА розглядається як актор екосистеми безпілотних літальних апаратів і вперше для цієї екосистеми була розроблена архітектура програмного забезпечення. Також вперше було введене саме поняття екосистеми безпілотних літальних апаратів. Практичне значення отриманих результатів полягає у тому, що був розроблений простий, ефективний та комплексний підхід до вирішення задачі з побудови програмного забезпечення вантажного БПЛА, який досить легко може бути застосований для вирішення комерційних задач із адресної доставки малогабаритних вантажів. Результати цього дослідження були представлені на VІ Всеукраїнській науково-практичній конференції молодих вчених та студентів «Інформаційні системи та технології управління» (ІСТУ-2021). Дана дисертація складається з реферату, вступу, основної частини що поділяється на 4 розділи, висновків та додатків що включають в себе лістинг програмного коду та графічні матеріали. Основна частина даної роботи містить 105 сторінок, 28 рисунків, 18 таблиць та 19 посилань.
This dissertation considers one of the possible ways to automate the courier delivery process - delivery of parcels to the final recipient using unmanned aerial vehicles, which could perform such tasks in a very short time, regardless of the congestion of roads and public transport systems. This system can significantly reduce the time of delivery of goods to the end user, reduce the amount of infrastructure needed to maintain its efficiency and reduce the number of service personnel. Also, full automation of the delivery process reduces the impact of the human factor on the quality of service. Currently, several such systems have been implemented, but none of them is completely secure and does not meet all the requirements for an automatic courier system. Also, none of these developments has an architecture that fully covers the functionality of the unmanned aerial vehicle ecosystem. Also in this work, a number of ready-made architectural solutions designed to build similar software, taken from similar research. However, none of them also meets all the requirements for this software, or has significant shortcomings that prevent its software implementation, implementation or application in practice. In connection with all the above factors, it was decided to develop its own architecture for the implementation of the software package of the ecosystem of cargo unmanned aerial vehicles. And to confirm the efficiency of this architecture and prove its effectiveness, appropriate software was developed using the proposed method of development. The purpose of this research is to develop a method for building software ecosystems of unmanned aerial vehicles, one that will improve and enhance existing approaches to UAV programming both in terms of the process of their implementation and in terms of use of the final product. The main tasks that were performed during this study: ˗ study and analysis of ready-implemented software products-analogues in order to identify their main advantages and disadvantages; ˗ study and analysis of similar research to explore ways to solve the main problems of building UAV software; ˗ creation of own method of construction of the software of the cargo UAV, taking into account results of preliminary research of subject area; ˗ writing software based on this method, analyzing its main advantages and disadvantages, and proving its effectiveness. The object of this research is the software architecture of the cargo UAV ecosystem and approaches to the implementation of this architecture. The subject of the research is the methods and ways of building the software of the cargo UAV ecosystem. During this study, the method of systematic mapping study was used to study and analyze the subject area of this study from textual sources of information and the method of case study to analyze the developed method of software construction. The scientific novelty of the obtained method of software construction is that for the first time the UAV is considered as an actor in the ecosystem of unmanned aerial vehicles and for the first time a software architecture was developed for this ecosystem. Also, for the first time, the very concept of the unmanned aerial vehicle ecosystem was introduced. The practical significance of the obtained results is that a simple, effective and comprehensive approach for solving the problem of building a UAV software was developed, which can easily be used to solve commercial problems of targeted delivery of small cargo. The results of this study were presented at the VI All-Ukrainian scientificpractical conference of young scientists and students "Information Systems and Control Technologies" (ISCT-2021). This dissertation consists of an abstract, introduction, main part divided into 4 sections, conclusions and appendices that include a list of program code and graphics. The main part of this work contains 105 pages, 28 figures, 18 tables and 19 references.
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2

Rose, Kevin C. "CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF VARIATION IN UV TRANSPARENCY FOR FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1304107334.

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3

Díaz, Guerra Laura. "Climate change and Mediterranean ecosystems: plant and soil responses to UV radiation and water availability before and after a perturbation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457150.

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Анотація:
Taking into account the expected changes in solar UV levels, precipitation and fire regime in the Mediterranean basin, the main goal of this thesis was to evaluate the effects of UV radiation (UV-A and UV-B) and diminished water availability on the biochemical, morphological, physiological and growth 2/2 traits of common Mediterranean resprouter species (Arbutus unedo and Quercus suber), as well as on C and N pools of a Mediterranean shrubland, before and after a perturbation. As main results, responses of A. unedo plants to enhanced UV-B were mainly addressed to the reinforcement of the antioxidant machinery, while Q. suber augmented UV-screening capacity to face UV-B enhancement. At ecosystem level, UV-A and UV-B had opposite effects on soil processes related to C and N cycles, and these effects were often emphasized under reduced precipitation. In addition, the responses observed in plants and soil were different before and after the perturbation
Considerando los cambios esperados en los niveles de UV solar, precipitación y régimen de incendios en la región mediterránea, esta tesis evalúa los posibles efectos de la radiación UV (UV-A y UV-B) y la disminución de la disponibilidad hídrica sobre parámetros bioquímicos, morfológicos, fisiológicos y de crecimiento de especies rebrotadoras mediterráneas (Arbutus unedo y Quercus suber), así como sobre los niveles de C y N de un matorral mediterráneo, antes y después de una perturbación. Como resultados principales, A. unedo respondió al aumento en UV-B reforzando la maquinaria antioxidante, mientras que Q. suber aumentó su capacidad para bloquear esta radiación. En el ecosistema, la UV-A y la UV-B tuvieron efectos opuestos sobre procesos del suelo relacionados con los ciclos del C y el N, efectos que fueron enfatizados por una disminución de la precipitación. Además, las respuestas observadas en plantas y suelo fueron diferentes antes y después de la perturbación
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Marinho, Osmarina Alves. "Effect of UV-B radiation on plant litter decomposition in a tropical ecosystem on the north coast of the State of Sao Paulo, southeast Brazil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-02052018-181849/.

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The solar radiation in general and UV radiation in particular has been recognized to stimulate plant litter decomposition through photochemical mineralization of photosensitive organic molecules, such as lignin, facilitating microbial decomposition, with great relevance role in dryland ecosystems where microbial activity is low, however little is known about how photodegradation could influence other ecosystems without moisture limitations and under what conditions may be favored, therefore the mechanisms has not yet been established. Decomposition in tropical ecosystem is a complex process and can be induced by a number of environmental factors with certain differences when compared to arid and semi-arid ecosystems. To assess the mechanisms underlying UV-B photodegradation, we designed a 300 days field experiment at a tropical ecosystem with high levels of annual precipitation and exposure litter to three levels of radiation combined with a biocide treatment. Results show that the removal of UV-B radiation decelerated plant litter decomposition during the later stage compared to litter exposure to full sun, however shaded litter had similar mass loss compared to litter exposed to full sun. Furthermore, differences in the decay constant among radiation treatments due to UV-B effect is independent of lignin loss. Overall, our study suggest that UV-B contributes to the plant litter decomposition through carbon losses, however, had no effect on nitrogen, neither lignin nor cellulose loss. However, more studies are needed in order to investigate the positive and negative effects of UV exposure on microbial activity in tropical ecosystems.
A radiação solar em geral e a radiação ultravioleta (UV) em particular têm sido reconhecida por estimular a decomposição da serapilheira através da mineralização fotoquímica de moléculas fotossensíveis, como a lignina, facilitando a decomposição microbiana, com um papel de grande relevância em ecossistemas áridos onde a atividade microbiana é baixa, no entanto pouco se sabe como a fotodegradação pode influenciar outros ecossistemas como por exemplo os mais úmidos e sob quais condições a fotodegradação é favorecida, portanto os mecanismos ainda não foram estabelecidos. Decomposição em ecossistemas tropicais é um processo complexo e pode ser influenciado por vários fatores ambientais e com certas diferenças quando comparada com ecossistemas áridos e semiáridos. Para avaliar os mecanismos subjacentes à fotodegradação via radiação UV-B, um experimento de campo de 300 dias foi estabelecido em um ecossistema tropical com alto índice de precipitação anual onde a serapilheira foi exposta a três níveis de radiações diferentes, combinada com um tratamento com biocida. Resultados mostram que a remoção da radiação UV-B desacelerou a decomposição da serapilheira durante o último estágio do experimento comparado com a serapilheira exposta a radiação ambiente, no entanto a serapilheira quando sombreada teve perda de massa similar à exposta a radiação ambiente. Além disso, diferenças na taxa de decaimento entre os tratamentos de radiação devido ao efeito da radiação UV-B foram independentes da perda de lignina. No geral, nosso estudo sugere que a radiação UV-B contribui com a decomposição da serapilheira através da perda de carbono, no entanto não teve efeito na perda de massa de nitrogênio, lignina e celulose. Portanto, mais estudos são necessários para investigar o efeito positivo e negativo da exposição à radiação UV-B na atividade microbiana e na decomposição da serapilheira em ecossistemas tropicais.
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Ekelund, Nord Niklas. "Fate of four pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems : Investigating the role of UV- light and animal assimilation as dissipation factors." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-111300.

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Pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment are of concern due to its possible negative consequences for non-target species. Pharmaceuticals can be found in many parts of the environment and especially in the effluent from sewage treatment plants where pharmaceuticals can be found in significant quantities. Therefore it is important to acquire knowledge of the fate of these pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. In this study two experimental ponds, one was covered by a tarp to avoid degradation by UV-light, were spiked with ~400 ng/l of diclofenac, diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine and trimethoprim. Water samples were taken regularly during 224 days. Animals from the uncovered pond was sampled weekly for the first 66 days. The aim was to investigate the degradation rate, the importance of UV-light for degradation and the uptake of pharmaceuticals by animals. The results showed that diclofenac and hydroxyzine had the fastest degradation rate and degraded to under 10 ng/l within 14 days and had the shortest calculated half-life of ~5 and ~10 days, respectively. Trimethoprim and diphenhydramine were more recalcitrant towards degradation and still had concentrations at 18 ng/l and ~8 ng/l respectively after 128 days and had half-life of ~23 and 24~days respectively. There were no significant difference between degradation rate between the pond covered with a tarp and the one which received UV-light. Only diphenhydramine and hydroxyzine were assimilated into the sampled animals. This study shows the different behavior of pharmaceuticals concerning their degradation rate and their ability to accumulate into animals.
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Connelly, Sandra J. "Effects of Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR) Induced DNA Damage and Other Ecological Determinants on cryptosporidium Parvum, Giardia Lamblia, and Daphnia spp. in Freshwater Ecosystems." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1196353326.

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Nahon, Sarah. "Contribution à l’étude de l'impact du stress radiatif ultraviolet sur les communautés benthiques de Méditerranée Nord Occidentale : importance des effets directs et des relations trophiques." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066598.

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Dans le contexte général du changement global et du développement durable, il apparaît indispensable d’apprécier le risque qu’encourent les écosystèmes côtiers sous l’effet d’une augmentation du flux des radiations UVB. L‘objectif général de cette thèse est de contribuer à la caractérisation et à la quantification des effets du rayonnement UV sur les invertébrés benthiques de Méditerranée. La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à l’étude de l’impact direct du rayonnement UV sur la reproduction et le développement précoce des invertébrés benthiques à cycle de vie bentho-pélagique. L’exposition des gamètes engendre un retard de la segmentation des oeufs et peu d’embryons atteignent le stade pluteus. L’intégrité de l’ADN nucléaire des spermatozoïdes et des ovocytes est degradée. L’examen en microscopie électronique à transmission des spermatozoïdes indiquent que les radiations UVB peuvent entraîner des altérations structurelles. La seconde partie de la thèse est consacrée aux effets et aux conséquences du rayonnement UV sur les interactions trophiques. L'exposition aux UV dimine la teneur en acides gras polyinsaturés des sources alimentaires induisant la diminution de la croissance et du développement des consommateurs. Tous les invertébrés benthiques collectés dans le milieu contiennent des quantités importantes d’acides aminés de types mycosporines. Les animaux possèdent une diversité plus grande que celle de leurs sources de nourriture, ce qui suggère l’existence de voie de conversion métabolique secondaire dans les tissus des animaux
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Törnroth, Suzanna. "Using vernacular design to alleviate inequalities in socio-spatial access: A case study of Dubai’s park provision." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-65968.

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This thesis focuses on park planning in Dubai, and how current differences in their socio-spatial access can be alleviated by using regional-vernacular design principles. The thesis uses a mixed method approach that begins with the analysis of parks across the entire city to understand their current access and distribution, and then narrows down to focusing on four micro-case studies,which will serve as sites where improvements could be made. These improvements are inspiredby vernacular design and planning and aim to improve current access. All work originates fromthe author unless otherwise cited.
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Nguyen, Phuong Thanh. "Study of the aquatic dissolved organic matter from the Seine River catchment (France) by optical spectroscopy combined to asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0154/document.

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Le but principal de cette thèse était d'étudier les caractéristiques de la matière organique dissoute (MOD) dans le bassin versant de la Seine. Ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre du programme de recherche PIREN-Seine. Les travaux présentés ici visaient plus particulièrement à identifier les sources de MOD et à suivre son évolution dans les zones d’étude. L’analyse des propriétés optiques (UV-Visible, fluorescence) de la MOD, couplée aux traitements PARAFAC et ACP, a permis de discriminer différentes sources de MOD et de mettre en évidence des variations spatio-temporelles de ses propriétés. L’axe Seine, en aval de Paris, a notamment été caractérisé par l'activité biologique la plus forte. La MOD du bassin de l’Oise a montré des caractéristiques plus "humiques", tandis que le bassin de la Marne a été caractérisé par un troisième type spécifique de MOD. Il a d’autre part été mis en évidence la présence de MODs spécifiques dans chaque zone pour les échantillons prélevés en périodes d’étiage, alors qu’une distribution homogène des composants a été obtenue pour l’ensemble des échantillons prélevés en période de crue.Le rôle environnemental des colloïdes naturels étant étroitement lié à leur taille, il a d’autre part été développé une technique analytique/séparative originale pour l’étude de ce matériel complexe, un fractionnement par couplage flux/force avec flux asymétrique (AF4). Le fractionnement par AF4 des échantillons a confirmé la variabilité spatio-temporelle en composition et en taille de la MOD d'un site de prélèvement à un autre et a permis de distinguer différentes sources de MOD colloïdale confirmant les résultats de l’étude de ses propriétés optiques
The main goal of this thesis was to investigate the characteristics of dissolvedorganic matter (DOM) within the Seine River catchment in the Northern part of France. ThisPhD thesis was performed within the framework of the PIREN-Seine research program. Theapplication of UV/visible absorbance and EEM fluorescence spectroscopy combined toPARAFAC and PCA analyses allowed us to identify different sources of DOM andhighlighted spatial and temporal variations of DOM properties. The Seine River wascharacterized by the strongest biological activity. DOM from the Oise basin seemed to havemore "humic" characteristics, while the Marne basin was characterized by a third specifictype of DOM. For samples collected during low-water periods, the distributions of the 7components determined by PARAFAC treatment varied between the studied sub-basins,highlighting different organic materials in each zone. A homogeneous distribution of thecomponents was obtained for the samples collected in period of flood.Then, a semi-quantitative asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) methodology wasdeveloped to fractionate DOM. The following optimized parameters were determined: across-flow rate of 2 ml min-1 during the focus step with a focusing time of 2 min and anexponential gradient of cross-flow from 3.5 to 0.2 ml min-1 during the elution step. Thefluorescence properties of various size-based fractions of DOM were evaluated by applyingthe optimized AF4 methodology to fractionate 13 samples, selected from the three sub-basins.The fluorescence properties of these fractions were analysed, allowing us to discriminatebetween the terrestrial or autochthonous origin of DOM
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"Vegetation Controls on Erosion, Soil Organic Carbon Pools, and Soil Nitrogen Pools in a Dryland Ecosystem." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.51607.

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abstract: Drylands (arid and semi-arid grassland ecosystems) cover about 40% of the Earth's surface and support over 40% of the human population, most of which is in emerging economies. Human development of drylands leads to topsoil loss, and over the last 160 years, woody plants have encroached on drylands, both of which have implications for maintaining soil viability. Understanding the spatial variability in erosion and soil organic carbon and total nitrogen under varying geomorphic and biotic forcing in drylands is therefore of paramount importance. This study focuses on how two plants, palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla, nitrogen-fixing) and jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis, non-nitrogen fixing), affect sediment transport and soil organic carbon and total nitrogen pools in a dryland environment north of Phoenix, Arizona. Bulk samples were systematically collected from the top 10 cm of soil in twelve catenae to control for the existence and type of plants, location to canopy (sub- or intercanopy, up- or downslope), aspect, and distance from the divide. Samples were measured for soil organic carbon and total nitrogen and an unmanned aerial system-derived digital elevation map of the field site was created for spatial analysis. A subset of the samples was measured for the short-lived isotopes 137Cs and 210Pbex, which serve as proxy erosion rates. Erosional soils were found to have less organic carbon and total nitrogen than depositional soils. There were clear differences in the data between the two plant types: jojoba catenae had higher short-lived isotope activity, lower carbon and nitrogen, and smaller canopies than those of palo verde, suggesting lower erosion rates and nutrient contributions from jojoba plants. This research quantifies the importance of biota on influencing hillslope and soil dynamics in a semi-arid field site in central AZ and finishes with a discussion on the global implications for soil sustainability.
Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Geological Sciences 2018
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Книги з теми "UAV ecosystem"

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Brönmark, Christer, and Lars-Anders Hansson. Biodiversity and Environmental Threats. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198713593.003.0006.

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The last chapter of Lakes and Ponds deals with how human activities affect the natural ecosystems and their function through eutrophication, contamination, acidification, brownification and increases in UV radiation, and how such anthropogenic disturbances may affect biodiversity and the ability of organisms to utilize a specific habitat. In addition, the chapter addresses novel environmental threats, such as global climate change and effects from our everyday chemicals, such as contraceptives, nanoparticles and antidepressant drugs. However, also possibilities and signs of improvement are discussed, providing hope for coming generations.
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Частини книг з теми "UAV ecosystem"

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Wang, Qing, Xiaodong Zhang, Yao Wang, Guanzhou Chen, and Fan Dan. "The Design and Development of Object-Oriented UAV Image Change Detection System." In Geo-Informatics in Resource Management and Sustainable Ecosystem, 33–42. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45025-9_4.

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Mishra, Rohit Kumar, Sanjesh Tiwari, and Sheo Mohan Prasad. "Interaction of UV-B with the Terrestrial Ecosystem." In UV-B Radiation, 65–74. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119143611.ch4.

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Srinivasa Rao, A. "A Study on Micro Women Entrepreneurs in UAE." In Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), 449–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75913-5_16.

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Yang, Qiangrong, and Meiling Wang. "Study on GIS’s Application in Driving in the Unstructured Environment for UGV." In Geo-Informatics in Resource Management and Sustainable Ecosystem, 553–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41908-9_56.

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Tosserams, Marcel, Erwin Magendans, and Jelte Rozema. "Differential effects of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation on plant species of a dune grassland ecosystem." In UV-B and Biosphere, 266–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5718-6_24.

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Rozema, J., G. M. Lenssen, J. W. M. van de Staaij, M. Tosserams, A. J. Visser, and R. A. Broekman. "Effects of UV-B radiation on terrestrial plants and ecosystems: interaction with CO2 enrichment." In UV-B and Biosphere, 182–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5718-6_17.

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Gwynn-Jones, D., J. A. Lee, and T. V. Callaghan. "Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation and elevated carbon dioxide concentrations on a sub-arctic forest heath ecosystem." In UV-B and Biosphere, 242–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5718-6_22.

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Olszyk, David M. "UV-B and the Irrigated Rice Ecosystem: Effects and Modeling Research." In Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere, 351. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78884-0_52.

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Sullivan, Joe H. "Effects of increasing UV-B radiation and atmospheric CO2 on photosynthesis and growth: implications for terrestrial ecosystems." In UV-B and Biosphere, 194–206. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5718-6_18.

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Paul, Nigel D., Sharima Rasanayagam, Sandra A. Moody, Paul E. Hatcher, and Peter G. Ayres. "The role of interactions between trophic levels in determining the effects of UV-B on terrestrial ecosystems." In UV-B and Biosphere, 296–308. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5718-6_26.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "UAV ecosystem"

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Khakhim, Nurul, Muh Aris Marfai, Arief Wicaksono, Wahyu Lazuardi, Zulfikri Isnaen, and Taufik Walinono. "UAV mapping for Mangrove ecosystem management in the coastal area of special region Yogyakarta." In Sixth International Symposium on LAPAN-IPB Satellite, edited by Tien Dat Pham, Kasturi D. Kanniah, Kohei Arai, Gay Jane P. Perez, Yudi Setiawan, Lilik B. Prasetyo, and Yuji Murayama. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2541392.

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Grasso, Christian, and Giovanni Schembra. "Design of a UAV-Based Videosurveillance System with Tactile Internet Constraints in a 5G Ecosystem." In 2018 4th IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization and Workshops (NetSoft). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/netsoft.2018.8460024.

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Samberg, Andre, Taras Kazantsev, Fevzi Ametov, Viktor Shevchenko, Oksana Bondarenko, Mykhailo Furier, and Valerii Iakovenko. "COTS UAV-borne multispectral system for vegetation monitoring." In Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology, edited by Christopher M. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2501859.

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Potnuru, Chaitanyam, Balaji Narayanan, Landon Ries, Brice Floyd, Kevin Tu, and Neil Hausmann. "UAV-based scoring for iron chlorosis in soybean." In Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology XXIII, edited by Christopher M. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2604520.

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Toulios, Leonidas, Nicholas Dercas, Emmanouil Psomiadis, Antonis Kavvadias, Maroulio Chanioti, and Alexandros Tsitouras. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) data analysis for fertilization dose assessment." In Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology, edited by Christopher M. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2278152.

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Fernandez-Gallego, Jose A., Shawn C. Kefauver, Samir Kerfal, and José Luis Araus. "Comparative canopy cover estimation using RGB images from UAV and ground." In Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology, edited by Christopher M. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2501531.

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Govedarica, Miro, Gordana Jakovljevic, and Flor Álvarez Taboada. "Flood risk assessment based on LiDAR and UAV points clouds and DEM." In Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology, edited by Christopher M. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2513278.

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Jenerowicz, Agnieszka, Katarzyna Siok, Malgorzata Woroszkiewicz, and Agata Orych. "The fusion of satellite and UAV data: simulation of high spatial resolution band." In Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology, edited by Christopher M. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2278669.

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Kalatzis, Nikos, Marios Avgeris, Dimitris Dechouniotis, Konstantinos Papadakis-Vlachopapadopoulos, Ioanna Roussaki, and Symeon Papavassiliou. "Edge Computing in IoT Ecosystems for UAV-Enabled Early Fire Detection." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smartcomp.2018.00080.

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Chen, Maosi, Weitao Shang, Zhiqiang Gao, and Xiaopeng Jiang. "The extraction of wetland vegetation information based on UAV remote sensing images." In Remote Sensing and Modeling of Ecosystems for Sustainability XV, edited by Wei Gao, Ni-Bin Chang, and Jinnian Wang. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2319152.

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Звіти організацій з теми "UAV ecosystem"

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Lasko, Kristofer, and Sean Griffin. Monitoring Ecological Restoration with Imagery Tools (MERIT) : Python-based decision support tools integrated into ArcGIS for satellite and UAS image processing, analysis, and classification. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40262.

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Monitoring the impacts of ecosystem restoration strategies requires both short-term and long-term land surface monitoring. The combined use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and satellite imagery enable effective landscape and natural resource management. However, processing, analyzing, and creating derivative imagery products can be time consuming, manually intensive, and cost prohibitive. In order to provide fast, accurate, and standardized UAS and satellite imagery processing, we have developed a suite of easy-to-use tools integrated into the graphical user interface (GUI) of ArcMap and ArcGIS Pro as well as open-source solutions using NodeOpenDroneMap. We built the Monitoring Ecological Restoration with Imagery Tools (MERIT) using Python and leveraging third-party libraries and open-source software capabilities typically unavailable within ArcGIS. MERIT will save US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) districts significant time in data acquisition, processing, and analysis by allowing a user to move from image acquisition and preprocessing to a final output for decision-making with one application. Although we designed MERIT for use in wetlands research, many tools have regional or global relevancy for a variety of environmental monitoring initiatives.
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Kennedy, Alan, Andrew McQueen, Mark Ballentine, Brianna Fernando, Lauren May, Jonna Boyda, Christopher Williams, and Michael Bortner. Sustainable harmful algal bloom mitigation by 3D printed photocatalytic oxidation devices (3D-PODs). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43980.

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The impacts of Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB), often caused by cyanobacteria (Figure 1), on water resources are increasing. Innovative solutions for treatment of HABs and their associated toxins are needed to mitigate these impacts and decrease risks without introducing persistent legacy contaminants that cause collateral ecosystem impacts. This technical note (TN) identifies novel opportunities enabled by Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, to produce high surface area advanced material composites to rapidly prototype sustainable environmental solutions for aquatic nuisance species control. This innovative research explores deployment of 3D-printable polymer composite structures containing nano-scale photocatalysts for targeted open water treatment of HABs that are customizable to the site-of-concern and also retrievable, reusable, and sustainable. The approach developed to control cyanobacteria HAB events has the potential to augment or replace broadcast, non-specific chemical controls that otherwise put non-target species and ecological resources at long-term risk. It can also augment existing UV-treatment HAB treatment control measures. The expected research outcome is a novel, effective, and sustainable HAB management tool for the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and resource managers to deploy in their HAB rapid response programs. The research will provide a framework for scale-up into other manufacturing methods (e.g., injection molding) to produce the devices in bulk (quickly and efficiently). Research for this project title “Mitigation of Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins using 3D Printed Photocatalytic Materials (FY21-23)” was sponsored by the US Army Engineer Research Development Center’s (ERDC) Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program (ANSRP).
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