Дисертації з теми "U.S. BANK STRESS"

Xenobiotic biotransformation process and its capacity is crucial for xenobiotic chemicals elimination that may cause damage toward cell structures. The effectiveness of the enzymes included in this process depends on the gene variants that encodes them. The aim of this work was to compare certain polymorphisms of selected genes between cases and control groups. Studied polymorphisms were null genotypes of the glutathione S-transferase gene M1 and T1 and the insertion of TA dinucleotide in the promotor region of UDP-glucuronosyl transferase 1A1. The number of cases group was six included patients with colorectal, lung, prostate, breast, pancreatic and head and neck cancer. Total number of analysed individuals was 1 118 for cancer cases and 470 for healthy controls. The control group was divided into two groups, the first one was called general and the second one was called special included healthy individuals with no cancer history in their closest family members. Gilbert syndrome (GS) is caused by homozygous insertion of the TA dinucleotide in the TATA box of the gene UGT1A1 and it causes elevated bilirubin levels. Bilirubin is a potent antioxidant in human body, so the aim was to attest its protective effect toward cancer. We expected lower frequency of GS as a protective factor in the cases groups compared with controls. This hypothesis was confirmed in the breast cancer group (GS frequency 10,0 %) and pancreatic cancer group (GS frequency 11,1 %). In the general and special control groups the frequency of GS was 16,0 % and 15,4 % respectively. Although the other case groups show lower frequency of GS, the results weren´t statistically significant. Null GSTM1 genotype was observed with 50,4 % frequency in the general control groups and with 55,3 % frequency in the special control group. Neither the one of the cases groups hasn´t showed significantly lower percentage of null genotype. Despite expectation we observed statistically significant lower frequency of null genotype in the group of lung and pancreatic cancer group (37,4 % and 39,3 % respectively). According to this study, we can say that the lack of glutathione S-transferase M1 activity is not a risk factor for cancer development. Null genotype of GSTT1 wasn´t identified in both control groups at all. In case groups of breast and prostate cancer, there was only one individual carrying the null GSTT1 genotype. Statistically significant higher frequency of this polymorphism was observed in patients with colorectal cancer (9,7 %), lung cancer (17,2 %), pancreatic cancer (3,0 %) and head and neck cancer (15,9 %). In these groups the lack of glutathion S-transferase T1 activity might be considered as risk factor for cancer development. Nevertheless, for further verification it needs to take more investigation in this field, especially enlarge the number of patient in the case groups of head and neck, lung and pancreatic cancer.

Variables predicting the effects of surgery in patients with low back pain Abstract The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes the knowledge about pain and its types, especially chronic pain. Than we focus on low back pain and currently used approaches in the treatment of this syndrome. In this work we summarize the influence of central sensitization and adverse life experineces and posttraumatic stress disorder on pain (especially low back pain). In the practical part, we investigated the effect of central sensitization and adverse life events and posttraumatic stress disroder on the effect of spinal surgery in low back region. The results were obtained using Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), PTSD Cecklist dor DSM-5 (PCL- 5) a Life Event Checklist (LEC-5 Standard), Short Form 36 Helth Survey Questionnaire (SF- 36), NASS Lumbar Spine Questionnaire. The obtained data were statistically evaluated and processed. Higher scores of CSI and LEC-5 (more adverse life events) were both statistically significantly correlated with worse low back surgery outcomes. At the same time, a statistically significant relationship between PCL-5 (checklist of PTSD symptoms) and CSI was confirmed. Keywords Pain, central sensitization, adverse life experiences, adverse life events, PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder,...

The submitted thesis deals with coping strategies for people treated with depressive disorders. It deals with the context of the experience of depression and the choice of coping strategies. The aim of this work is to find out whether there is a difference in the selection and use of coping strategies in people diagnosed with depression compared to non-psychiatric population. In the literary review, attention is paid to the depressive disorder, its description and symptoms. Other topics are the definition and theories of stress, followed by the stress management strategies. The empirical part has quantitative research using a questionnaire survey. SVF-78 and BDI-II questionnaires were used as methodological tools. The aim of the practical part was to find out whether there is a difference in the use of coping strategies in people with a diagnosis of depression compared to the general population and if so, what defensive strategies are prevalent or, on the contrary, are used statistically less. Research has demonstrated the specifics of using coping strategies in people with a diagnosis of depression. People with a diagnosis of depression frequently use significantly more negative coping strategies. There was no difference in use between the two groups in the search for a social support strategy...

in English: This diploma thesis is focused on parents coping with the burden of having children with autism spectrum disorder. It's goal is to analyze parent's strategy to cope with such burden in relation to taking care of a child with autistic spectrum disorder. Thesis is constructed as an emprical qualitativeresearch which also involves quantitative data. Data were acquired via half - structured interviews with parents of children with autism spectrum disorder.Furthermore, a questionnaire SVF 78 "Strategy of stress management" was used and filled out by the parents. The data were subsequently qualitatively analyzed and interpreted using content analysis. Finally, a comparison to specialized literature was performed. The text of the thesis itself is composed of three parts. First part includes theoretical solutions that are based on both Czech and foreign literature concerned with autism theory and coping with stress of parents bringing up an autistic child. Second part is focusing on the methodology and data analysis procedure. The final third part is dedicated to the interpretation of interviews and discussion results, combined with results of available literature research. The benefit of this diploma thesis is discovery of what helps to parents of autistic children to cope with the stress...

Title: Experiance with joga for tennis coaches Objectives of work: The aim of my thesis is to analyze the possitive effects of yoga on the mental and physical health of tennis players. The data is gained by quality data collection methods. The secondary objective is, on the basis of information obtained from short interviews with coaches, to create a theoretical model of categorization. Method: In this thesis we used the method of interview and narrative interview. The data collected from the interviews, was used to create a theoretical model of categorization. A method of narrative interview with elements of the interview was used as a key method of collecting data from selected subjects. Results: Following numerous interviews with various subjets including coaches and trainers, I have come to the conclution, that yoga has a positive effect on the mental and physical health of tennis players. The main effects of yoga include: increased confidence and concentration on the court, accelerated healing, reduced pain in the spine (notibly in lumbar region), therefore increasing the flexibility of joints and improving the performance of players. In terms of categorization on the effects of yoga, both in mental and physical health of tennis players, I classified the effects into two major categories: the...

The aim of the thesis is to specify the stress coping strategies used by people with psychotic disorder and afterwards to find out the way of using these strategies is affected psychiatric rehabilitation. The thesis is structured in two parts. The theoretical part is particularly devoted to the theme of stress, coping strategies, psychotic disorder and psychiatric rehabilitation. In the practical part, there are mediated the answers to hypotheses and research questions with the assistance of the analysis of the data. The methods of research are the questionnaire SVF 78 and the semi-structured interview. The research group was formed by clients of Fokus civil association in South Bohemian region and the leader social worker.

1. Abstract Pheochromocytoma/ paraganglioma (FEO/PGL) may be developed on the basis of an inherited genetic mutation of different genes. They are associated with a high risk of developing of secondary hypertension, organ damage and metastatic disease that can be fatal. The aim was to focus on the possibility of genetic testing in patients with FEO/PGL, especially in patients with malignant tumors. The issue FEO/PGL, however, concerns not only the examination and assessment of risks arising therefrom, as well as other therapies and monitoring, including appropriate recommendations for clinical practice. We demonstrated a 20% incidence of cardiovascular (CV) complications before determining the final diagnosis of FEO/PGL, mainly arrhythmic, followed by complications of myocardial ischemia and accentuate atherosclerosis. Elevated levels of vitamin C and decreased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) following the successful removal of the tumor demonstrated reduction of oxidative stress postoperatively. We found that early postoperative testing of levels of plasma metanephrines to confirm the success of surgical removal of FEO/PGL is already possible, since there was no significant correlation between plasma levels of metanephrines and postoperative examination interval. Distribution of frequency of metastatic...

The thesis deals with problems of burnout among special educators working in special primary schools with students with multiple disabilities. There are defined basic concepts in the theoretical part of the work - burn-out syndrome, its symptoms, causes and stages of development. Separate chapters are devoted to the diagnosis of burn-out syndrome and prevention. Furthermore, the concept of a special educator and a multiple disability is explained in the theoretical section and a special primary school is described here. The practical part focuses on quantitative research into burn-out syndrome in two selected groups - special educators in special primary schools and teachers in ordinary primary schools. The results of the investigation are then compared with each other.

The thesis deals with problems of burnout among special educators working in special primary schools with students with multiple disabilities. There are defined basic concepts in the theoretical part of the work - burn-out syndrome, its symptoms, causes and stages of development. Separate chapters are devoted to the diagnosis of burn-out syndrome and prevention. Furthermore, the concept of a special educator and a multiple disability is explained in the theoretical section and a special primary school is described here. The practical part focuses on quantitative research into burn-out syndrome in two selected groups - special educators in special primary schools and teachers in ordinary primary schools. The results of the investigation are then compared with each other.

Badania przedstawione w niniejszej pracy były finansowane z grantu Narodowego Centrum Nauki, N 304 280840, przyznanego J. R. E. Taylorowi.
W niniejszej rozprawie testowałem hipotezę, że stres oksydacyjny, uwidaczniający się w oksydacyjnych uszkodzeniach tkanek, jest bezpośrednim fizjologicznym kosztem rozrodu. Obiektem badań były samice nornicy rudej Myodes glareolus. W pierwszym eksperymencie samice mogły urodzić jeden lub dwa naturalne mioty. Miałem także osobniki nie rozmnażające się. Oznaczyłem uszkodzenia oksydacyjne lipidów i białek w różnych tkankach. Wbrew oczekiwaniom, uszkodzenia te albo nie różniły się między samicami z grup reprodukcyjnych, albo były niższe u samic rozmnażających się. W drugim eksperymencie różnicowałem więc wysiłek samic poprzez dodawanie dwóch młodych do oryginalnego miotu lub zmniejszałem go do dwóch młodych w kolejnych czterech miotach rodzonych przez samice. Wbrew przewidywaniom uszkodzenia u samic rozmnażających się nie różniły się od uszkodzeń samic nie rozmnażanych lub były od nich niższe. Takie same oznaczenia uszkodzeń oksydacyjnych, wykonałem u samic nornicy bezpośrednio po odłowieniu z naturalnego środowiska, przed i po okresie rozrodu. Ogólnie samice po reprodukcji najczęściej albo się nie różniły pod względem poziomu stresu oksydacyjnego od osobników przed reprodukcją, albo poziom ten był nawet niższy. Podsumowując moje wyniki falsyfikują hipotezę, że stres oksydacyjny jest mechanizmem odpowiedzialnym za powstawanie kompromisów pomiędzy aktualnym inwestowaniem energii w rozród a przeżywalnością i przyszłym sukcesem reprodukcyjnym.
I tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress is the proximate mechanism of reproduction costs, using bank vole Myodes glareolus as a model species. In the first experiment, the oxidative damage to lipids and proteins was measured in breeding females after rearing one and two litters, and in non-breeding females. Surprisingly, the level of oxidative damage did not differ between females from different reproductive treatments or was lower in breeding than in non-breeding females. In the sceond experiment, I experimentally manipulated the reproductive effort of females from selected and control lines by reducing or enlarging the original litter size in four consecutive litters. The level of oxidative damage to tissues in breeding voles did not differ from non-breeding individuals or was even lower. I also measured the level of the same oxidative stress markers in bank vole females from a free-living population. In general, females afterreproduction did not differ in the level of oxidative stress form females before reproduction, and in a few cases the level was even lower. In summary, my results undermine the hypothesis that oxidative stress is the key proximate mechanism underlying the trade-off between the current investment in reproduction and future survival or reproductive success.
Wydział Biologiczno-Chemiczny.

This thesis Stress in mothers on parental leave in connection with the risk of job loss deals with the issues of stress and unemployment phenomenon, as well as on the topic of employment of women, pregnant women and mothers, also on equal opportunities for women and men in the labor market, the systems of social security and on topics related to the return of mothers after maternity leave to the labor market. This work consists of two main parts - the theoretical and the research (empirical). The theoretical part deals with the above-mentioned problems and issues. The empirical part is focused on the research and descriptions of its results, where quantitative methods of data collection were use. For the purpose of this work the main target is a group of mothers on maternity leave. The data from respondents were collected using a questionnaire method. Collected data was then quantified using descriptive statistics. Two research questions and three hypotheses in total were defined. Hypotheses were statistically tested using statistical methods - ANOVA. The total number of 320 questionnaires from the target group was collected. To achieve the validity of the collected data and homogeneity of the sample, data collection was aimed exclusively at women, i.e. mothers on maternity leave from only the South Region. Aim of the work was to determine which group of mothers on parental leave more is more stressed mothers with a strong economic background or mothers with less strong economic background. Using a Likert scale was measured the extent of stress in mothers, who are not assured of having their job after returning from maternity leave. Using the above mentioned scale also was measured the stress in mothers on parental leave regarding their return to job and related duties, or finding a completely new job. Related to the results and testing, in the first hypothesis testing we found that mothers who do not receive any social security benefits, are more stressed than those mothers who receive benefits. Second hypothesis testing showed that mothers living with partners are less stressed than mothers who do not live with a partner. The third hypothesis testing found out that mothers on maternity leave, who are not assured of having their jobs after the maternity leave, are more stressed than mothers who have such certainty. From the results of the collected data was found out that most respondents are women aged twenty-five to thirty years, and women from thirty-one to thirty-five years. Mostly with the secondary school education (with graduation) and with university education. A large number of women working full-time and women cohabiting with a partner. A large majority of those mothers receives social security benefits. Also, a large number of women planned a combined parental leave with three years of geting the social security benefits. A considerable part of the interviewed mothers but also answered that along with the parental leave they do not have any another job. The results also showed that almost 80 % of respondents were not working at a leader position. Over 60 % of respondents are currently on parental leave with a child, a smaller part of the respondents with a second or third child. An interesting result is the fact that almost a half of respondents is planning another motherhood and nearly 60 % of them plan the second motherhood following the first one. The results of this research may lead to a consideration on the facts determined. For example, why most of the women do not work in a leader position despite their education. Or if women do really have such strong economic background to be able to continue with another parental leave. This work may help the women themselves, whether those planning to be a mother, expecting a child or having it already. Work can be as a basis or a handbook with an overview of the benefits of social security systems.

The aim of the current project is to evaluate SVF-78 questionnaire in terms of its usability when working with individuals with a psychotic disorder. Moreover, the project's focus lies on the differentiation of positive and negative coping strategies. The obtained data from SVF- 78 questionnaire were collected together with WHOQOL-100 from people diagnosed with psychosis and quantitative methodology; concretely correlations were used for its analysis. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used for a comparison of a group with psychotic disorder and a control group. This was an exploratory study which aimed to bring empirical knowledge for further research in this area. This overall goal was reached due to a denial of many null hypotheses. Due to the results, it is possible to focus on particular aspects of coping within SVF-78 questionnaire and their connection to the quality of life of an individual with psychotic disorder.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are major public health problems. It is important to be able to identify those at high risk of adverse outcome, CKD progression and associated cardiovascular disease. The aim of the thesis was to study novel promising biomarkers, their relationship to kidney function, chronic inflammation and/or cardiovascular risk - placental growth factor (PlGF), pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), calcium binding protein S100A12 or extracellular newly identified RAGE binding protein (EN-RAGE), and high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1) in patients with renal diseases including CKD, haemodialysis (HD), AKI patients, and healthy controls for comparison. First study revealed that PlGF is elevated in patients with decreased renal function. Second study demonstrated the association of MMP-2 and PAPP-A with proteinuria in patients with CKD. Moreover, serum MMP-2, MMP-9 and PAPP-A levels significantly differed in patients with various nephropathies. EN-RAGE levels are not elevated in patients with CKD, but are related to inflammatory status. PAPP-A, EN-RAGE and HMGB-1 levels are significantly elevated, but sRAGE and PlGF...

(in English): The aim of the work was to perform in-depth analysis of M2KO mice both at baseline and upon a challenge with a cold stress and to explore the role of opposing receptors (i.e. adrenoceptors) in adaptation to lacking M2-receptors in the heart. We have performed receptor binding studies, study of receptor gene expression, echocardiography, telemetric monitoring of heart rate, body temperature and activity, heart rate variability and biorhythm analysis, analysis of heart rate response to the application of drugs (carbachol, atropine, isoprenaline, propranolol), assessment of adenylyl cyclase and NO synthase activity, measurement of catecholamine blood concentration and gene expression of catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes. We have found that the disruption of M2-receptor gene caused a compensatory decrease of cardiostimulatory β1-adrenoceptors and β2-adrenoceptors with corresponding down-regulation of the gene expression, M3-receptors were down-regulated as well. Missing M2-receptors were functionally replaced by the main cardioinhibitory β3-adrenoceptors that were up-regulated, not by cardioinhibitory M4-receptors. β3-adrenoceptors were found to signal through adenylyl cyclase instead of NO synthase. All these changes were found in the left ventricle only, so heterologous regulation is...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of oxidative stress (OS) marker s in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) to the severity of lung disease, nutritional status and systemic antioxidants and inflammatory markers, as well as to short - and medium - term development of pulmonary function and nutritional status, and finally to assess the response to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Methods: CF patients were examined in a stable phase of the disease during routine outpatient controls. EBC was collected using E C oScreen device (J aeger) in CF patients and in control group members. Nitrites and nitrates and 8 - isoprostane were examined using liquid chromatography and competitive enzyme immunoanalysis, respectively, in EBC as OS markers. Demographic data including the dominant pathogen of airway colonization and ICS treatment were recorded in CF patients. Lung function tests, chest X-ray s, nutritional statuses and systemic antioxidants and inflammatory markers were also examined using standard methods. The values of OS markers in EBC in patients with CF were compared with the control group and correlated to clinical parameters. Lung function tests and nutritional status es in CF patients were examined in one, three and five years intervals...

7 ABSTRACT The occurrence of enthesopathies is associated with muscle insertion sites and physical activities. The aim of this work is focused on two basic target areas. In the methodical section, I tested two methods of enthesopathy evaluation (Crubézy, 1988; Villotte, 2006) and I monitored the influence of age and physical stress on the incidence of enthesopathies in a documented skeletal collection from Greece. The main aim was then the evaluation of enthesopathies in the Great Moravian population from the settlement agglomeration Mikulčice-Valy (9th -10th century) using the selected method and the subsequent interpretation of the results attained, taking into consideration the archaeological facts relating to the given locality. Based on the observed degrees of concordance between the repeated evaluations, I used Villotte's method (2006) for final evaluation. I proved the correlation between the prevalence of enthesopathies and age in individuals from a recently documented skeletal collection. I was unable to demonstrate the influence of physical activity on the incidence of enthesopathies. This is apparently due to the small number of individuals with manual and non-manual occupations. In individuals from the Mikulčice settlement agglomeration, I recorded a demonstrable difference between individual...