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Статті в журналах з теми "Two body pion decay"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

BOITO, DIOGO R., BRUNO EL-BENNICH, BENOÎT LOISEAU та OLIVIER LEITNER. "RESONANCES AND WEAK INTERACTIONS IN D+→ π+π−π+ DECAYS". International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, № 09 (жовтень 2007): 2876–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301307008628.

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Анотація:

We describe the ππS-wave in D+→ π+π−π+ decays using a unitary model for the ππ Final State Interactions (FSI). The three body decay is treated as a quasi two-body process where, at the weak vertex, the D meson decays into a resonance and a pion. The weak part of the decay amplitude is evaluated using the effective weak Hamiltonian within the factorization approximation.

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2

Estabar, T., and H. Mehraban. "Analysis of four-body decay of D meson." International Journal of Modern Physics A 32, no. 02n03 (January 25, 2017): 1750011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x17500117.

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Анотація:

The aim of this work is to provide a phenomenological analysis of the contribution of [Formula: see text] meson to [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] quasi-three-body decays. Such that the analysis of mentioned four-body decays is summarized into three-body decay and several channels are observed. Based on the factorization approach, hadronic three-body decays receive both resonant and nonresonant contributions. We compute both contributions of three-body decays. As, there are tree, penguin, emission, and emission annihilation diagrams for these decay modes. Our theoretical model for [Formula: see text] decay is based on the QCD factorization to quasi-two body followed by [Formula: see text]-wave. This model for this decay following experimental information which demonstrated two pion interaction in the [Formula: see text]-wave is introduced by the scalar resonance. The theoretical values are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], while the experimental results of them are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Comparing computation analysis values with experimental values show that our results are in agreement with them.

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3

SÁNCHEZ-COLÓN, G., and A. GARCÍA. "SYMMETRY LIMIT PROPERTIES OF DECAY AMPLITUDES WITH MIRROR MATTER ADMIXTURES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 12 (May 10, 2007): 2265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x07036300.

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Анотація:

We extend our previous analysis on the symmetry limit properties of nonleptonic and weak radiative decay amplitudes of hyperons in a scheme of mirror matter admixtures in physical hadrons to include the two-body nonleptonic decays of Ω- and the two-photon and two-pion decays of kaons. We show that the so-called parity-conserving amplitudes predicted for all the decays vanish in the strong flavor SU(3) symmetry limit. We also establish the specific conditions under which the corresponding so-called parity-violating amplitudes vanish in the same limit.

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4

CHAVEZ, CARLOS A., RAY F. COWAN, and W. S. LOCKMAN. "CHARM MESON MIXING: AN EXPERIMENTAL REVIEW." International Journal of Modern Physics A 27, no. 20 (August 6, 2012): 1230019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x12300190.

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Анотація:

We review current experimental results on charm mixing and CP violation. We survey experimental techniques, including time-dependent, time-independent, and quantum-correlated measurements. We review techniques that use a slow pion tag from D*+→π+D0+ c.c. decays and those that do not, and cover two-body and multi-body D0 decay modes. We provide a summary of D-mixing results to date and comment on future experimental prospects at the LHC and other new or planned facilities.

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5

NOGUERA, S. "NON LOCAL LAGRANGIANS: THE PION." International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, no. 01 (January 2007): 97–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021830130700565x.

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Анотація:

We define a family of non local and chirally symmetric low energy lagrangians motivated by theoretical studies on Quantum Chromodynamics. These models lead to quark propagators with non trivial momentum dependencies. We define the formalism for two body bound states and apply it to the pion. We study the coupling of the photon and W bosons with special attention to the implementation of local gauge invariance. We calculate the pion decay constant recovering the Goldberger-Treiman and the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relations. We recover a form of the axial current consistent with PCAC. Finally we study the pion form factor and we construct the operators involved in its parton distribution.

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6

Tang, Liguang. "NEW ERA: STUDY LIGHT HYPERNUCLEI VIA TWO BODY DECAY PION SPECTROSCOPY USING CEBAF BEAM." International Journal of Modern Physics E 19, no. 12 (December 2010): 2638–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301310017204.

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Анотація:

Combined with high precision on two body decay pions and the unique features of hypernuclear electro-production mechanism, a new experiment aims to effectively access the hypernuclear continuum which offers insight on a wide range of light hypernuclei with variety of possible ( Z , A ) combinations via production of hyper-fragments. Precise binding energies of various hypernuclear species allow us to address on most of the leading puzzles and inconsistencies and may lead to new important discoveries and findings.

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7

Deutchman, P. A. "Origins of the energy distribution structure in coherent pion production at intermediate energies." Canadian Journal of Physics 79, no. 8 (August 1, 2001): 1055–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p01-070.

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Анотація:

New calculations have been done that now cover the intermediate energy range from 100 MeV/nucleon to 2.0 GeV/nucleon incident energy for the reaction 12C + 12C [Formula: see text] 12C + 12C (15.11 MeV) +π0, where constructive, coherent Δ-hole states are excited in either nucleus while the companion nucleus is excited to a coherent nucleonhole state describing the spinisospin, giant resonant state at 15.11 MeV. The Δ (1232 MeV) isobar then decays to a nucleon and pion. Theoretical pion energy distributions are calculated and, for the first time, results above 400 MeV/nucleon are shown. A theoretical basis for understanding how the shapes of the pion distributions change as a function of incident energy is described. The fundamental shape of the Δ-production amplitude as a function of momentum transfer is discussed and the effects of the energy-dependent nuclear width are examined. Furthermore, the connection between the origins of the pion distribution to the final pion shapes is made and the importance of the giant resonance in providing an important signature is pointed out. By pushing the calculations above 400 MeV/nucleon, it was discovered that sliding kinematics and kinematic turnarounds occur due to the two-to-three-body sequential nature of the reactions and these effects determine the final structure of the pion distributions at higher incident energies. PACS Nos.: 24.10Cn, 24.30Cz, 25.70-z, 25.80-e

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8

Lähde, T. A., and D. O. Riska. "Pion rescattering in two-pion decay of heavy quarkonia." Nuclear Physics A 707, no. 3-4 (September 2002): 425–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(02)00964-8.

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9

BI, PIN-ZHEN, та JOHANN RAFELSKI. "π0 DECAY AT CRITICAL TEMPERATURE". Modern Physics Letters A 07, № 27 (7 вересня 1992): 2493–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732392003955.

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Анотація:

The influence of temperature on the pion decay constant and the two-photon decay of π0 is considered near the chiral symmetry restoration point. We analyze how the mass and decay width relate to each other and find that the π0 decay width in hot matter is suppressed, provided that the pion mass vanishes at the critical point; it diverges if pion mass remains finite while quark condensate is dissolved at T c .

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10

Lähde, T. A., and D. O. Riska. "Two-pion decay widths of excited charm mesons." Nuclear Physics A 693, no. 3-4 (October 2001): 755–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(01)00917-4.

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11

KREWALD, S., S. SCHNEIDER, A. SIBIRTSEV, J. HAIDENBAUER, and U. G. MEIßNER. "DECAY OF BARYON RESONANCES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 08n09 (April 10, 2005): 1662–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05023141.

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Анотація:

A model for two-pion production in pion-induced reactions including the excitation of baryon resonances is presented and applied to the recent Brookhaven data. The impact of the Θ+(1540) resonance on differential and integrated cross sections for kaon reactions on nuclei is analysed using the Jülich kaon-nucleon model. An upper limit for the width of the pentaquark candidate of 1 MeV results.

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12

Kiang, L. L., T. S. H. Lee, and D. O. Riska. "Two-body pion absorption onHe3at threshold." Physical Review C 50, no. 6 (December 1, 1994): 2703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.50.2703.

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13

CHOUDHURY, S. R., A. ESSAGHOLIAN, and MAMTA. "QUARK MODEL ANALYSIS OF RADIATIVE PION DECAY." International Journal of Modern Physics A 09, no. 02 (January 20, 1994): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x94000078.

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Анотація:

We present a relativistic quark model analysis of radiative pion decay using a systematic application of Low’s bremsstrahlung theorem. Our findings agree reasonably with recent definitive experimental results by the Russian group on the structure-dependent components of the πγA and πγV amplitudes, with the latter agreeing remarkably well with the CVC prediction. Finally we analyze between the quark model calculation and the current algebra prediction and establish the equivalence of the two within the limit of a local πqq interaction.

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14

Alvarez-Ruso, L. "Two-pion decay modes of the (1440) in np→dππ". Nuclear Physics A 684, № 1-4 (березень 2001): 443–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(01)00500-0.

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15

Hérnandez, E., E. Oset, and M. J. Vicente Vacas. "Chiral approach to the two pion decay of the Roper." Nuclear Physics A 721 (June 2003): C575—C578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(03)01126-6.

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16

Deutchman, P. A., J. W. Norbury, and L. W. Townsend. "Total and differential cross sections for pion production via coherent isobar and giant resonance formation in heavy-ion collisions." Canadian Journal of Physics 63, no. 9 (September 1, 1985): 1242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p85-203.

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Анотація:

A quantal many-body formalism is presented that investigates pion production through the coherent formation of a nucleonic isobar in the projectile and its subsequent decay to various pion charge states along with concomitant excitation of the target to a coherent spin–isospin giant resonance via a peripheral collision of relativistic heavy ions. Total cross sections as a function of the incident energy per nucleon and Lorentz-invariant differential cross sections as a function of pion energy and angle are calculated. It is shown that the pion angular distributions, in coincidence with the target giant resonance excitations, might provide a well-defined signature for these coherent processes.

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17

Ciepał, I. "Partial Wave Analysis of HADES Data for Two-Pion Production in Pion-Nucleon Reactions." EPJ Web of Conferences 241 (2020): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024103001.

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Анотація:

Pion beams are important tools to study features of baryonic resonances and their decay channels because resonances are produced in s-channel at fixed mass equal to √s. In 2014 the HADES collaboration has performed systematic measurements in the second resonance region scanning around the mass of the N*(1520). Pion beams at four momenta (0.654, 0.686, 0.738 and 0.787 GeV/c) impinging on polyethylene and carbon targets have been used. With the use of the multichannel Partial Wave Analysis (PWA) the role of the N*(1520) resonance in conjunction with the intermediate ρ-meson production has been studied. Preliminary results at 0.654 GeV/c on exclusive production of two pions (ηπ+π- and pπ-π0) in the final state are presented.

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18

Niskanen, J. A., and A. W. Thomas. "Quasi-two-body pion absorption on helium-3." Physics Letters B 196, no. 3 (October 1987): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(87)90735-0.

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19

Kuraev, E. A., та M. K. Volkov. "Two photon decay and photoproduction of radial excitation of pion π0′". Physics Letters B 682, № 2 (листопад 2009): 212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2009.11.006.

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20

DOBROLIUBOV, M. I. "LOOKING FOR NEW SCALARS IN THE NEUTRAL PION DECAY." Modern Physics Letters A 06, no. 02 (January 20, 1991): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732391000099.

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Анотація:

We found a strong enhancement of the rate of the decay of π0-meson into scalar and pseudoscalar bosons as compared with its decay into two photons. The branching ratio of this mode can be as large as BR(π0→S+P)≃10−6–10−5, which is very interesting from the experimental point of view.

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21

Larin, I., Y. Zhang, A. Gasparian, L. Gan, R. Miskimen, M. Khandaker, D. Dale, et al. "Precision measurement of the neutral pion lifetime." Science 368, no. 6490 (April 30, 2020): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aay6641.

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Анотація:

The explicit breaking of the axial symmetry by quantum fluctuations gives rise to the so-called axial anomaly. This phenomenon is solely responsible for the decay of the neutral pion π0 into two photons (γγ), leading to its unusually short lifetime. We precisely measured the decay width Γ of the π0→ γγ process. The differential cross sections for π0 photoproduction at forward angles were measured on two targets, carbon-12 and silicon-28, yielding Γ(π0→ γγ)=7.798±0.056(stat.)±0.109(syst.) eV, where stat. denotes the statistical uncertainty and syst. the systematic uncertainty. We combined the results of this and an earlier experiment to generate a weighted average of Γ(π0→ γγ)=7.802±0.052(stat.)±0.105(syst.) eV. Our final result has a total uncertainty of 1.50% and confirms the prediction based on the chiral anomaly in quantum chromodynamics.

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22

MORRISON, A. D., та B. A. ROBSON. "2π DECAY OF THE $K^{0}_{L}$ MESON WITHOUT CP VIOLATION". International Journal of Modern Physics E 18, № 09 (жовтень 2009): 1825–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301309013889.

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Анотація:

It is shown that assuming mixed-quark states in hadrons suggests that the two pion decay of the long-lived neutral kaon may be described without CP violation. The rate of this decay relative to the decay into all charged modes is estimated quite accurately in terms of the Cabibbo-mixing angle.

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23

Galeão, A. P., J. A. Castilho Alcarás, and P. Leal Ferreira. "Two-Body Dirac Equation Approach to the Deuteron." International Journal of Modern Physics E 07, no. 01 (February 1998): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021830139800004x.

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Анотація:

The two-body Dirac(Breit) equation with potentials associated to one-boson-exchanges with cutoff masses is solved for the deuteron and its observables calculated. The 16-component wave-function for the Jπ=1+ state contains four independent radial functions which satisfy a system of four coupled differential equations of first order. This system is numerically integrated, from infinity towards the origin, by fixing the value of the deuteron binding energy and imposing appropriate boundary conditions at infinity. For the exchange potential of the pion, a mixture of direct plus derivative couplings to the nucleon is considered. We varied the pion-nucleon coupling constant, and the best results of our calculations agree with the lower values recently determined for this constant.

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24

Kamalov, S. S., L. Tiator, and C. Bennhold. "Two-Body Mechanisms in Pion Photoproduction on the Trinucleon." Physical Review Letters 75, no. 7 (August 14, 1995): 1288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.75.1288.

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25

Bijnens, Johan. "ChPT loops for the lattice: pion mass and decay constant, HVP at finite volume and nn̅-oscillations." EPJ Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 06011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817506011.

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Анотація:

I present higher loop order results for several calculations in Chiral perturbation Theory. 1) Two-loop results at finite volume for hadronic vacuum polarization. 2) A three-loop calculation of the pion mass and decay constant in two-flavour ChPT. For the pion mass all needed auxiliary parameters can be determined from lattice calculations of ππ-scattering. 3) Chiral corrections to neutron-anti-neutron oscillations.

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26

NISHIYAMA, SEIYA, JOÃO DA PROVIDÊNCIA та OSAMU OHNO. "EFFICIENT DESCRIPTION FOR π AND σ MESONS BY RESONATING MEAN-FIELD APPROXIMATION TO TWO-FLAVOR NAMBU-JONA-LASINIO MODEL". International Journal of Modern Physics E 15, № 05 (липень 2006): 1087–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301306004703.

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Анотація:

We have applied the resonating (Res-) mean-field approximation (MFA) to fermion systems with large quantum fluctuations over the usual MFA to a naive Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model involving no current quark mass term. In our approach, as part of the model the normalization volume is kept finite, which plays an important role. This attempt has been quite successful in explaining the pion and sigma-meson masses, but the values of the order parameter for quark condensate and the pion decay constant are too small. This fact suggests us that the Res-MFA including no isospin causes such a problem. To avoid the serious drawback, if we naturally extend the NJL model to include two-flavor degrees of freedom and make an SU(2)f resonating Hartree-Fock (Res-HF) approximation, it is expected that the magnitudes of the order parameter and the pion decay constant are much improved. Using this extended NJL model, they are calculated again and both the numerical values [Formula: see text] and fπ reach good agreements with their experimental ones.

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27

Horsley, R., Y. Nakamura, A. Nobile, P. E. L. Rakow, G. Schierholz, and J. M. Zanotti. "Nucleon axial charge and pion decay constant from two-flavor lattice QCD." Physics Letters B 732 (May 2014): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.03.002.

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28

Chumillas, C., G. Garbarino, A. Parreño та A. Ramos. "Two-pion-exchange in the non-mesonic weak decay of Λ-hypernuclei". Physics Letters B 657, № 4-5 (грудень 2007): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2007.08.094.

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29

Warren, J. T., K. E. O’Hara, and J. P. Wolfe. "Two-body decay of thermalized excitons inCu2O." Physical Review B 61, no. 12 (March 15, 2000): 8215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.61.8215.

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30

Uzikov, Yuriy, та Nurbek Tursunbayev. "Reaction of two pion production pd → pdππ in the resonance region". EPJ Web of Conferences 204 (2019): 08010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920408010.

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Анотація:

The ANKE@COSY data on the reaction of two-pion production in the GeV region are analyzed within the theoretical model by Platonova and Kukulin. The model includes excitation of the dibaryon resonance DIJ = D03(2380) with the spin J = 3 and isospin I = 0 observed by the WASA@COSY in the reaction pn → dπ0π0, and its decay D03 → D12 + π → d + π + π, where D12(2150) is another dibaryon resonance. Distributions on the invariant masses of the final dππ and ππ systems are calculated.

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31

MORITA, KENJI, SHIN MUROYA, and HIROKI NAKAMURA. "COHERENCE OF PION SOURCES FROM MULTI-PION INTERFEROMETRY IN RELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT SPS AND RHIC." International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, no. 07n08 (August 2007): 1826–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301307007064.

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Анотація:

We study degree of coherence of pion sources by making use of two- and three-particle momentum intensity correlation functions in S + Pb , Pb + Pb , and Au + Au collisions at SPS and RHIC. For each system, we calculate a chaotic fraction ε and the number of coherent sources α from the chaoticity λ of the two-pion correlation function and the weight factor ω of the three-pion correlator. We take account of long-lived resonance decay contribution to the λ factor by making a correction with the help of a statistical model. The result gives strong constraints on the source and shows roughly increasing number of coherent sources as multiplicity increases.

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32

Bernicha, A., G. López Castro та J. Pestieau. "S-matrix approach to two-pion production ine+e−annihilation and τ decay". Physical Review D 53, № 7 (1 квітня 1996): 4089–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.53.4089.

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33

Shmatikov, M. "Mechanisms of induced Λ-hyperon decay revisited: Contribution of correlated two-pion exchange". Nuclear Physics A 580, № 4 (грудень 1994): 538–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(94)90780-3.

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34

Baker, M. D., H. D. Knox, and E. Breitenberger. "Cross Sections for Two-Body Sequential Decay Reactions." Nuclear Science and Engineering 96, no. 1 (May 1987): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nse87-a16362.

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35

Yamamoto, Hitoshi. "Inclusive Decay Distributions of Coherent Two-Body States." Physical Review Letters 79, no. 13 (September 29, 1997): 2402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.79.2402.

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36

Maung, Khin Maung, P. A. Deutchman, and R. L. Buvel. "Theoretical shell-model signatures in heavy-ion, coherent pion production." Canadian Journal of Physics 70, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 202–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p92-035.

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Анотація:

A comprehensive summary of a many-body, microscopic, particle–hole formalism is presented that describes coherent, subthreshold, pion production in peripheral, heavy-ion collisions. The formalism uses a new separable model transition interaction that produces Δ-hole states in either the projectile or target nucleus. Shell-model states described by harmonic oscillator functions are used in the calculation of Δ formation and decay and Lorentz-contraction effects of the nucleus not at rest are included. An analytical expression to lowest multipole order for the differential cross section is examined. The sensitivity of the theoretical results to the shell-model states is determined with preliminary shape results compared with data. The effects of higher multipoles are examined with attention paid to the second-order multipole value.

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37

HAO, XUEWEN, та PENGFEI ZHUANG. "MESON COUPLING CONSTANTS IN PION SUPERFLUID AND THE ISOSPIN SYMMETRY BROKEN INFLUENCE THE PROCESS σ → ππ". International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, № 07n08 (серпень 2007): 2295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301307007830.

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Анотація:

We investigate the mixing among σ and π mesons in pion superfluid in the frame of two flavor NJL model. With the calculated σ and π couplings to quarks, we consider the decay process σ → ππ at finite isospin chemical potential.

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38

Bulychjov, S. A., A. E. Kudryavtsev, V. V. Kulikov, M. A. Martemianov, V. E. Tarasov, M. A. Lizunova, W. J. Briscoe, and I. I. Strakovsky. "Neutron Detection in the A2 Collaboration Experiment on Neutral Pion Photo-production on Neutron." KnE Energy 3, no. 1 (April 9, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/ken.v3i1.1722.

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Neutron detection is of crucial importance for the neutral pion photo-production study on a neutron target that now is in progress at MAMI. Two electro-magnetic calorimeters, based on NaI and BaF2 crystals, are used in the A2 experiment. While these calorimeters are optimized for pion decay photon detection, they have a reason able efficiency for neutron detection also. The paper describes the method, which has been used to measure this efficiency using the same data taken for pion photo-production study on deuterium target with tagged photon been of 800 MeV maximal energy. The detection efficiency is a rising function of neutron momentum that reaches 40% near 1 GeV/c.

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39

Ramaty, R., R. J. Murphy, and C. D. Dermer. "Pion-decay radiation and two-phase acceleration in the June 3, 1982 solar flare." Advances in Space Research 6, no. 6 (January 1986): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(86)90128-6.

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40

MA, ERNEST, and GWO-GUANG WONG. "TWO-BODY RADIATIVE GLUINO DECAYS." Modern Physics Letters A 03, no. 16 (November 1988): 1561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732388001860.

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A gluino can decay into a color-singlet neutral fermion [Formula: see text] by radiating off a gluon. We study this process in a minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. A significant branching fraction is possible depending on how much [Formula: see text] overlaps with the Higgs fermion which couples to the t quark and the mass of the t quark itself.

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41

LEBIEDOWICZ, PIOTR, та ANTONI SZCZUREK. "EXCLUSIVE PRODUCTION OF π+π- PAIRS IN PROTON-PROTON AND PROTON-ANTIPROTON COLLISIONS". International Journal of Modern Physics A 26, № 03n04 (10 лютого 2011): 748–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x11052724.

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We report on a detailed investigation of four-body pp → ppπ+π- and [Formula: see text] reactions which constitute an irreducible background to three-body processes pp → ppM, where M is a broad resonance in the π+π- channel, e.g. M = σ, ρ0, f0(980), f2(1275), f0(1500). We include double-diffractive contribution (both pomeron and reggeon exchanges) as well as the pion-pion rescattering contributions. The first process dominates at higher energies and small pion-pion invariant masses while the second becomes important at lower energies and higher pion-pion invariant masses. We compare our results with the experimental data. We make predictions for future experiments at PANDA, RHIC, Tevatron and LHC energies. The two-dimensional distribution in rapidity space of pions (yπ+, yπ-) is particularly interesting. The higher the incident energy, the higher preference for the same-hemisphere emission of pions. The processes considered constitute a sizeable contribution to the total nucleon-nucleon cross section as well as to pion inclusive cross section.

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42

PERKINS, W. A. "EVIDENCE FOR TWO NEUTRAL PIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01c (September 2001): 919–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01008497.

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Experimental results from π-, K-, Σ- capture, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] annihilations in liquid H2 show that the fraction of captures and annihilations from atomic P states is less than 5% in agreement with theoretical expectations. However, an anomalously large fraction from P states by a factor of ten is inferred from the branching ratios for the reactions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at rest in liquid H2 and liquid D2 respectively. One explanation for this inconsistenct is that the reaction [Formula: see text] is occurring from an atomic S state of protnium, which is possible if the two π0's are not identical. It should be noted that a second neutral pion (with different lifetime and decay properties) was observed in antinucleon-nucleon reactions in a 1964 experiment. We describe two experimental tests, one to determine whether [Formula: see text] can occur from an atomic S state, and another to search for the π0π0 decay mode of neutral vector mesons with JPC = 1--.

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43

White, R., M. Breuhaus, R. Konno, S. Ohm, B. Reville та J. A. Hinton. "Gamma-ray and X-ray constraints on non-thermal processes in η Carinae". Astronomy & Astrophysics 635 (березень 2020): A144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937031.

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The binary system η Carinae is a unique laboratory that facilitates the study of particle acceleration to high energies under a wide range of conditions, including extremely high densities around periastron. To date, no consensus has emerged as to the origin of the gigaelectronvolt γ-ray emission in this important system. With a re-analysis of the full Fermi-LAT data set for η Carinae, we show that the spectrum is consistent with a pion decay origin. A single population leptonic model connecting X-ray to γ-ray emission can be ruled out. We revisit our physical model from 2015, based on two acceleration zones associated with the termination shocks in the winds of both stars. We conclude that inverse Compton emission from in-situ accelerated electrons dominates the hard X-ray emission detected with NuSTAR at all phases away from periastron and that pion-decay from shock accelerated protons is the source of γ-ray emission. Very close to periastron there is a pronounced dip in hard X-ray emission, concomitant with the repeated disappearance of the thermal X-ray emission, which we interpret as due to the suppression of significant electron acceleration in the system. Within our model, the residual emission seen by NuSTAR at this phase can be accounted for with secondary electrons produced in interactions of accelerated protons, which agrees with the variation in pion-decay γ-ray emission. Future observations with H.E.S.S., CTA, and NuSTAR should confirm or refute this scenario.

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44

Klinkhamer, F. R. "Lorentz-violating neutral-pion decays in isotropic modified Maxwell theory." Modern Physics Letters A 33, no. 18 (June 14, 2018): 1850104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732318501043.

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We consider an extension of the Standard Model with isotropic non-birefringent Lorentz violation in the photon sector and restrict the discussion to the case of a “fast” photon with a phase velocity larger than the maximum attainable velocity of the quarks and leptons. With our conventions, this case corresponds to a negative Lorentz-violating parameter [Formula: see text] in the action. The decay rate of a neutral pion into two nonstandard photons is calculated as a function of the 3-momentum of the initial pion and the negative Lorentz-violating parameter [Formula: see text] of the final photons.

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45

Orito, S., K. Yoshimura, T. Haga, M. Minowa, and M. Tsuchiaki. "New limits on exotic two-body decay of orthopositronium." Physical Review Letters 63, no. 6 (August 7, 1989): 597–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.63.597.

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46

Roth, M., T. Einfeld, K. H. Gericke, and C. Maul. "Competition between two- and three-body decay of Cl2O." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part C: Solar, Terrestrial & Planetary Science 26, no. 7 (January 2001): 513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1464-1917(01)00039-3.

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47

Winckler, Nicolas, Klaus Blaum, Fritz Bosch, and Yuri A. Litvinov. "Two-body beta decay of stored highly-charged ions." Nuclear Physics A 834, no. 1-4 (March 2010): 432c—435c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2010.01.057.

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48

Winckler, N., F. Bosch, and Y. A. Litvinov. "Two-body beta decay of stored few-electron ions." Hyperfine Interactions 199, no. 1-3 (April 19, 2011): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-011-0305-9.

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49

Shmatikov, M. "Two-pion exchange and the role of closed channels in the induced Λ-hyperon decay". Physics Letters B 322, № 4 (лютий 1994): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(94)91158-4.

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50

Behr, J. A., J. R. A. Pitcairn, D. G. Roberge, M. R. Pearson, C. Höhr, G. Gwinner, D. Ashery, et al. "Ion detection from beta decay and two-body decay experiments with laser-cooled atoms." Hyperfine Interactions 173, no. 1-3 (November 2006): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10751-007-9540-5.

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