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Статті в журналах з теми "Tunnelling and underground project"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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1

Yazdani-Chamzini, Abdolreza. "PROPOSING A NEW METHODOLOGY BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC FOR TUNNELLING RISK ASSESSMENT." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 20, no. 1 (March 10, 2014): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2013.843583.

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Анотація:

Tunnels are artificial underground spaces that provide a capacity for particular goals such as storage, under-ground transportation, mine development, power and water treatment plants, civil defence. This shows that the tunnel construction is a key activity in developing infrastructure projects. In many situations, tunnelling projects find themselves involved in the situations where unexpected conditions threaten the continuity of the project. Such situations can arise from the prior knowledge limited by the underground unknown conditions. Therefore, a risk analysis that can take into account the uncertainties associated with the underground projects is needed to assess the existing risks and prioritize them for further protective measures and decisions in order to reduce, mitigate and/or even eliminate the risks involved in the project. For this reason, this paper proposes a risk assessment model based on the concepts of fuzzy set theory to evaluate risk events during the tunnel construction operations. To show the effectiveness of the proposed model, the results of the model are compared with those of the conventional risk assessment. The results demonstrate that the fuzzy inference system has a great potential to accurately model such problems.

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2

Vu, Ngan Minh. "Stability analysis when tunnelling in soft soil condition in Hochiminh city." Journal of Mining and Earth Sciences 63, no. 3a (July 31, 2022): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46326/jmes.2022.63(3a).05.

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The rapid development in the economy and the urban population in cities in Vietnam in recent years leads to dramatic growth in traffic congestion, noise and air pollution, and environmental degradation. Urban underground infrastructure thus becomes an inevitable solution since the surface space becomes too expensive and restricted in spite of the high cost of tunnel construction. However, tunnelling in deltaic urban areas, in particular in the cases of Mekong Delta and Red River Delta areas, often faces to difficulties of soft soil conditions and the existence of important historical buildings on the surface. The first metro line constructed in Vietnam from Ben Thanh to Suoi Tien, which is located under crowded areas of Hochiminh city, was tunnelled in such conditions. This paper presents a back analysis for the stability of the tunnelling process in the project. The minimum support pressures is estimated by using the wedge model proposed by Jancsecz, S., & Steiner, W. (1994). Meanwhile, the maximum support pressure is estimated by the blow-out model proposed by Vu et al. (2016). Based on these results, the range of support pressures recommended for the Earth Pressure Balance Tunnel Boring Machine in the Hochiminh Metro Line No.1 project soft soil conditions is derived and compared to in situ support pressures obtained from the monitoring data in this tunnelling project. The study result shows a good agreement between the support pressures obtained from stability analysis models and the monitoring data from the construction site. Based on this back analysis, some recommendations are proposed with the purpose of successful construction in the next tunnelling projects in Hochiminh city.

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3

Cao, Rui Lang, Shao Hui He, Fang Wang, and Fa Lin Qi. "Stability Analysis of Large Underground Station Based on Coupled Fluid-Solid Theorem." Advanced Materials Research 748 (August 2013): 1104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.748.1104.

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Tunnelling may disturb the intrinsic balance of a stratum, and result in accidents like caving or gushing. In order to assess the security of underground station project, numerical analysis for the stability of surrounding rock was done with fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in three dimensions (FLAC3D), Multiple factors were considered, including surrounding rock classes, tunnel depths, groundwater tables, construction methods and initial supporting systems. According to the results of principal stresses, displacements, plastic zones, pore pressure distribution and the mechanical characters of supporting system including anchors and shotcrete, the seepage mechanism of underground station has been discussed. The pore pressure distribution of deep-buried tunnel was studied as well. The study results can provide a theoretical basis for the design of tunnel and underground works in aquifer strata.

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4

Fu, Yong, Jun Hu, Jia Liu, Shengbin Hu, Yunhui Yuan, and Hui Zeng. "Finite Element Analysis of Natural Thawing Heat Transfer of Artificial Frozen Soil in Shield-Driven Tunnelling." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (August 31, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2769064.

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The technology of artificial horizontal freezing method is increasingly being used in the soil reinforcement of urban underground projects such as shield-driven tunnelling. Compared with the freezing process, the thawing process is more complicated, and the thawing behavior of artificial frozen soil surrounding shield-driven tunnels has not been well investigated in both the academic and industrial domains. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the natural thawing heat transfer behavior of artificial horizontal frozen soil in shield-driven tunnelling using a three-dimensional finite element method. The finite element modelling is based on the horizontal freezing reinforcement project of Chating Station to Jiqingmen Station Tunnel in the Nanjing Metro Line 2. Validation between finite element results and site measured results is firstly conducted. The natural thawing temperature field contours as well as the radial and longitudinal distributions of natural thawing temperature in the frozen soil surrounding the tunnel are then explicitly examined. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis of influencing factors such as the thermal conductivity, latent heat of phase change, ambient temperature inside tunnel, freezing time, and original ground temperature is carried out. The results and findings of this study may enrich the current limited database and enable a better understanding of natural thawing heat transfer behavior of artificial frozen soil in shield-driven tunnelling.

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5

Chang, Xue Sen. "Underground Tunnel Development Survey of Shield Tunnelling Machine." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 1111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.1111.

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In this paper, the technology based on site investigation adequately, through reading, analysis and comprehensive vast literature of shield lining segments, installed spelling were analyzed, and the conclusion that some valuable conclusions. Summarizes the construction process of shield technology, and introduces the earth pressure balance type shield construction machine structure and working principle. Shield technology is with modern transportation, underground engineering, mining, water conservancy projects and municipal construction needs and developed advanced tunnel construction technology. With China's urban underground transportation facilities, the quickening of the process of shield technology has become the hotspot of domestic engineering.

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6

Méndez, Fidencio. "Aguamilpa underground penstocks — excavation phase." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 4 (August 1, 1994): 585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l94-060.

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The Aguamilpa hydroelectric project is one of a number of hydroelectric schemes currently being constructed along the course of the Santiago River in western Mexico. Aguamilpa, with a total cost of $750 million U.S., is a 960 MW installation scheduled for operation by October 1993. As the most important plant in the complex, Aguamilpa qualifies as one of the more spectacular engineering construction jobs of the decade in Mexico. The facility is composed of a complex set of tunnels, including the underground penstocks, the powerhouse and surge chamber caverns, the tailrace tunnel, and temporary tunnels. In the initial design, most of the tunnelling work was to have been of a permanent nature. However, as the date of completion was brought forward, it became necessary to open up more working faces and as such a number of temporary tunnels were started. This paper presents the sequences of underground penstocks excavation, the construction methods developed, and the equipment employed. Also, the complex patterns of tunnels that were drilled initially for access and to facilitate later excavation of the underground penstocks are described. Key words: tunnels, underground penstocks, powerhouse, construction methods.

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7

Choudhary, NInad. "Analysing the Effect of Tunnel Construction on Existing Structure by Using Analytical and Numerical Method." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3961–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37104.

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Underground construction in urban areas is a challenging work to carry out and includes a lot of factors to be considered. In varying geological conditions, it becomes very difficult as there are various faults and fracture, so it requires a proper investigation to be done before starting of the project. The aim of this report is to determine the effects of tunneling on existing structures and tunnel surrounding due to tunnelling work, like crack in structure, vibrations caused to the above structure and ground settlement. To identify the movements caused and giving a solution by using the RS2 software and deciding the best suitable method for Construction of tunnel.

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8

Heunecke, Otto, and Wolfgang Liebl. "Accuracy and reliability of gyro measurements at today’s tunnelling projects." Journal of Applied Geodesy 12, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jag-2017-0035.

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Abstract Gyro theodolites – briefly gyros – allow the orientation transfer from a reference line to another line without need for a connecting geodetic network. They are routinely used for orientation control of networks in tunnelling projects. This is currently the only way to stabilize accuracy and reliability in tunnelling networks and is indispensable with respect of today’s requirements for excavation and breakthrough accuracy. In order to archive a reliable assessment of correctness, the measuring method has to be planned in a way that systematic influences in the determination of an underground directional angle are minimized. For this purpose, the principle of differential measurements is used for an azimuth determination both in terms of time as well as in space. All required corrections and reductions must be considered correctly to obtain the directional angle of interest with a measurement uncertainty less than 1 mgon ($\stackrel{\wedge }{=}3.{3^{\prime\prime }}$). Some accuracy considerations obtained from own experiences are discussed to state whether the specified standard deviations of the used gyros according to DIN 18723-7 can be confirmed.

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9

Ayasrah, Mo'men, Hongsheng Qiu, Xiedong Zhang, and Mohammad Daddow. "Prediction of Ground Settlement Induced by Slurry Shield Tunnelling in Granular Soils." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 2273–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091617.

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Underground structures play an important role in achieving the requirements of rapid urban development such as tunnels, parking garages, facilities, etc. To achieve what is needed, new transportation methods have been proposed to solve traffic congestion problems by using of high-speed railway and subway tunnels. One of the issues in urban spaces due to tunnel excavation is considerable surface settlements that also induce problems for surface structures. There are a variety of published relationships concerned with field measurements and theoretical approaches to evaluating the amount of the maximum surface settlement value due to tunneling. This paper studies the ground surface settlement caused by the Greater Cairo Metro – Line 3 - Phase-1. This project was constructed by a slurry shield Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM). Therefore, this work consists of two parts. The first part presents the details of the project and monitoring results field and laboratory geotechnical investigations in order to determine the soil properties. The second part is to the comparison between the field measurements and theoretical approaches for surface settlement due to tunneling construction. At the end of the works, the results show that the more convenient methods which approach the field measurements, and the major transverse settlement occurs within the area about 2.6 times the diameter of the tunnel excavation. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091617 Full Text: PDF

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10

Ruwanpura, J. Y., S. M. AbouRizk, and M. Allouche. "Analytical methods to reduce uncertainty in tunnel construction projects." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 31, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l03-105.

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This paper presents a method to quantify uncertainty using simulation techniques and approximate geotechnical methods. Unknown soil conditions are major contributors to uncertainty in any underground construction project. Soil conditions are unknown because generally soil samples taken from vertical boreholes show only the soils present in the discrete borehole locations. The soil profiles between the boreholes therefore contribute to project uncertainty, and construction practitioners must make assumptions about these soil profiles for construction planning and scheduling purposes. Analytical and simulation methods are presented to accurately predict soil profiles between boreholes and reduce uncertainty in a "rough and ready" fashion. These methods use existing borehole data to create an analytical model for soil prediction, which is then incorporated with a process interaction simulation model of the construction project using special purpose simulation concepts and advanced geotechnical characterization techniques. The application of these methods to an Edmonton tunnel construction project is also detailed. Construction engineers or managers can use these simulation methods to strengthen the geological data obtained for the construction project.Key words: borehole data, construction, risk, soil families, soil profiles, soil transitions, special purpose simulation, tunnelling, uncertainty.

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11

Maleki, Zeynab, Hadi Farhadian, and Arash Nikvar-Hassani. "Geological hazards in tunnelling: the example of Gelas water conveyance tunnel, Iran." Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 54, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): qjegh2019–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2019-114.

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The characterization of geological hazards is of great importance in underground space and, in particular, tunnelling projects because it plays a crucial part in the selection of the tunnel route, the type and characteristics of excavation, and the technology adopted. It is also a fundamental stage in the design and construction of tunnelling-related structures. Tunnelling projects encounter various geological hazards, including those associated with the ground conditions, the groundwater level and the in situ stress regime. The aim of this study was to identify the probable hazards affecting the alignment of the Gelas water conveyance tunnel in Iran and the magnitude of risk in various sections along the tunnel route. Following a literature review of the geological hazards found in tunnelling projects with similar geological conditions, several potentially hazardous parameters were identified for assessment, including squeezing and groundwater inflow. The geotechnical characteristics of the rock masses were evaluated based on laboratory and field investigations to assess the geological hazards along the tunnel route. Seven sections along the tunnel route were selected to study the squeezing and water inflow hazards and their degree of occurrence using various previously reported techniques. Empirical, semi-empirical and theoretical–analytical methods were used to assess the squeezing potential. Analytical methods were applied to the prediction of groundwater inflow and then site groundwater rating and tunnel inflow classification methods were adopted to classify the route of the tunnel from the perspective of the groundwater inflow hazard. The results indicated that areas where faults and crush zones are located are highly susceptible to groundwater in-rush and squeezing.

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12

Mikaeil, Reza, Sina Shaffiee Haghshenas, Yakob Shirvand, Mehdi Valizadeh Hasanluy, and Vali Roshanaei. "Risk Assessment of Geological Hazards in a Tunneling Project Using Harmony Search Algorithm (Case Study: Ardabil-Mianeh Railway Tunnel)." Civil Engineering Journal 2, no. 10 (October 30, 2016): 546–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2016-00000057.

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During the design and implementation of underground constructions, the risk assessment and management of geological hazards are important due to the hazards such as the water inflow, collision with crushed fault zones, squeezing and instability around excavation zones. In the present research, it is attempted to study and assess the risk of geological hazards in 378+021 km of the route of Ardabil-Mianeh railway tunnel using the harmony search algorithm (HSA). In the first section of research, after studying structural and geological characteristics during 24 sections of the excavation route, the risk relating to geological hazards including the tunnel instability, squeezing, water inflow and swelling was assessed in three separate classes using HSA. In order to study the accuracy of results, geological hazards recorded during the implementation of excavation operations were used. Studies obtained from the comparison of observed and predicted results indicate the high accuracy of HSA in the assessment and prediction of geological risks in the tunnelling project.

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13

Purnell, C. J. "Development and management of a radon assessment strategy suitable for underground railway tunnelling projects." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 108, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/nch035.

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14

Rahim, A., T. M. Nasae, Z. Hareyani, T. F. K. Ngoroyemoto, I. Hasim, M. F. Sapawie, and H. Hussin. "Evaluation of The Effect of Rock Joints on the Stability of Underground Tunnels." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1071, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1071/1/012006.

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Abstract To facilitate the water supply to the main cities in Malaysia such as Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya and Cyberjaya, Pahang Selangor Raw Water Transfer Tunnel project is constructed in 2015. Facility tunnel of 44.6 km length with 5.2 m diameter are being constructed to transfer water from Karak to Hulu Langat. Granitic rock with dominant intrusive zones in various range of I until V were observed in the studied tunnel length. This tunnel has crossed sheared zone that categorized into fair, poor, and very poor rock classes with moderate to heavily jointed rock. At NATM-1, the discontinuities like joints that is close and far from the fault are one of the most important which caused to instability of the tunnel and reduced the performance of tunnel performance. In this paper, the joint orientation, overburden and distributions of discontinuities (joints and faults) into the tunnel were evaluated. These data were then simulated using discrete fracture networks with the direction of tunnelling excavation in the tunnel. Movement of blocks in the tunnel roof and wall is possible due to the creation of more intersection points in the critical zone. It also highlights how minor features, such as step-over joints in rock mass, can have a significant impact on instability.

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15

Trigle, Christina. "Successfully managing Covid-19 on tunnelling operations for the Thames Tideway Tunnel, UK." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering 175, no. 5 (May 2022): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jcien.21.00166.

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The Covid-19 pandemic had a huge impact on the way the UK population lived and worked during 2020. This paper explores the challenges faced while boring the west section of the Thames Tideway Tunnel in London, UK, with particular focus on the first national lockdown that began in March 2020. It discusses how the reduction in personnel triggered closure of the site, the technical challenge of safely stopping a tunnel boring machine for extended periods of time and the practical difficulties of creating a Covid-safe environment in a challenging space. This case study can be used to inform other underground construction projects coping with coronavirus.

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16

Koohsari, Ali, Roohollah Kalatehjari, Sayfoddin Moosazadeh, Mohsen Hajihassani, and Bao Van. "A Critical Investigation on the Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability of EPB Machines: A Case Study." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (November 6, 2022): 11245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111245.

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Tunnelling is a vital geotechnical engineering feature of underground transportation systems that is potentially hazardous if not properly investigated, studied, planned, and executed. A reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) analysis is one of the main practical techniques in machinery-based projects to recognize the failure and repair rates of machines during or after their operations. RAM analysis of mechanized tunneling can help to manage the project safety and cost, and improve the availability and performance of the machine. There are several methods to obtain and predict the RAM of a system, including the Markov chain simulation and other statistical methods; however, the result of the analysis can be affected by the selected method. This paper presents the results of a critical investigation on the RAM of the Earth pressure balance machines (EPBMs) used in developing an urban metro project in Isfahan, Iran. The five kilometer length of the first line of the Isfahan metro project was excavated using EPBMs over four years. After overhauling the EPBMs and making some minor changes, excavation of the second line started, and to date, about 1.2 km has been excavated by the refurbished machines. In the present study, a RAM analysis has been applied to electrical, mechanical, and cutter head subsystems of the EPBMs in Lines 1 and 2 of the Isfahan metro project over an 18- and 7-month period of machine operation, respectively. The results show that the estimated availability, A(t), determined by the Markov method, is closer to reality but cannot be propagated to reliability R(t) and maintainability M(t) analysis. It was also revealed that by predicting the required maintenance and proper planning, the overall availability of the EPBM was improved from 45% in Line 1 to 61% in Line 2. The outcomes of this study can be used in the future planning of urban tunneling projects to estimate machine, staff, and logistic performance with the least possible error, and appropriately arrange the factors involved in the system.

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17

Mohit, Sadegh, Mahsa Ahmadian Nezhad Monfared, Chao Kang, and Alireza Bayat. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM HAND TUNNELING AND PILOT TUBE METHOD UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION METHODS." Journal of Green Building 12, no. 4 (November 2017): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.12.4.54.

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The negative effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, such as climate change and global warming, have become major environmental concerns, especially for the construction industry, which is the third-highest source of GHG emissions among industrialized countries. Presently, underground utility projects are considered one of the most common types of construction, primarily due to aging infrastructure across North America and the subsequent rehabilitation of old pipelines and installation of new pipelines and facilities. Given the increasing demand being placed on the industry, the need to study airborne emissions associated with different underground construction technologies has risen, which will be helpful in selecting the most sustainable underground construction methods. This study investigates pollutant emission from two common trenchless methods used in underground construction, hand tunneling and pilot-tube method (PTM), through their varying GHG footprint sources and emissions measured by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This paper analyzes a case from Edmonton, Canada, in which both PTM and hand tunneling were used by comparing the suggested indexes, including HC, CO, NOx, PM, CO2, and SO2. In this case study, both methods were used in the installation of a new 68-cm diameter (27 in.) clay sewer line with an overburden depth of 12.9 m (42 ft) and length of 60 m (197 ft). Results indicated that the amount of airborne emissions was reduced between 17% and 36% through the use of PTM compared to the traditional hand tunnelling method.

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18

Schneeberger, Raphael, Miguel de La Varga, Daniel Egli, Alfons Berger, Florian Kober, Florian Wellmann, and Marco Herwegh. "Methods and uncertainty estimations of 3-D structural modelling in crystalline rocks: a case study." Solid Earth 8, no. 5 (September 28, 2017): 987–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-8-987-2017.

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Abstract. Exhumed basement rocks are often dissected by faults, the latter controlling physical parameters such as rock strength, porosity, or permeability. Knowledge on the three-dimensional (3-D) geometry of the fault pattern and its continuation with depth is therefore of paramount importance for applied geology projects (e.g. tunnelling, nuclear waste disposal) in crystalline bedrock. The central Aar massif (Central Switzerland) serves as a study area where we investigate the 3-D geometry of the Alpine fault pattern by means of both surface (fieldwork and remote sensing) and underground ground (mapping of the Grimsel Test Site) information. The fault zone pattern consists of planar steep major faults (kilometre scale) interconnected with secondary relay faults (hectometre scale). Starting with surface data, we present a workflow for structural 3-D modelling of the primary faults based on a comparison of three extrapolation approaches based on (a) field data, (b) Delaunay triangulation, and (c) a best-fitting moment of inertia analysis. The quality of these surface-data-based 3-D models is then tested with respect to the fit of the predictions with the underground appearance of faults. All three extrapolation approaches result in a close fit ( > 10 %) when compared with underground rock laboratory mapping. Subsequently, we performed a statistical interpolation based on Bayesian inference in order to validate and further constrain the uncertainty of the extrapolation approaches. This comparison indicates that fieldwork at the surface is key for accurately constraining the geometry of the fault pattern and enabling a proper extrapolation of major faults towards depth. Considerable uncertainties, however, persist with respect to smaller-sized secondary structures because of their limited spatial extensions and unknown reoccurrence intervals.

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19

Li, Dong, and Junfei Zhang. "Rockburst Monitoring in Deep Coalmines with Protective Coal Panels Using Integrated Microseismic and Computed Tomography Methods." Shock and Vibration 2020 (August 26, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8831351.

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In deep coalmines, longwall panels are subject to high static initial geostress andhigh dynamic stress caused by mining and tunnelling activities. Under the action of high static and dynamic stress, rockburst hazards are very likely to occur. To reduce rockburst risks, protective panels are commonly applied in deep coalmines. However, stress concentration in the protective coal panel often causes rockburst hazards in the gateway of the next longwall panel pending mining. To reduce such type of rockburst, this study firstly proposes a mathematic model to analyse the overall static stress distribution in the protective panel based on the mining practice in Longyun coalmine, Shandong Province, China. To evaluate the stress concentration caused by geological defects in the protective panel, a new rockburst evaluation index is proposed based on the computed tomography (CT) method. Finally, the extent of dynamic stress evolution caused by different working face advancing velocities is determined by microseismic monitoring. Results show that the areas with higher rockburst evaluation indexes are highly associated with the areas with large-energy microseismic events, indicating that the static stress concentration can be accurately identified by the CT method. A medium advancing velocity (4.0 m/s) is recommend during mining the longwall panel, which can ensure mining safety and improve mining productivity simultaneously. The integrated microseismic and CT monitoring methods can be used in other underground projects to guarantee construction safety and productivity.

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20

Gong, Chenjie, Mingfeng Lei, and Xianda Shen. "Advanced Underground Space Technology." Applied Sciences 12, no. 19 (September 25, 2022): 9613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199613.

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The Special Issue titled “Advanced Underground Space Technology” was launched with an invitation to authors from all over the world to address state-of-the-art challenging topics in tunnelling and underground space technology [...]

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21

Skalla, Gerald M. "Russia Wharf Tunnelling Project." Geomechanik und Tunnelbau 1, no. 5 (October 2008): 486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/geot.200800038.

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22

Maynard, Sally, Wendy Jones, Ashleigh Filtness, Alistair Gibb, and Roger Haslam. "Going underground: Fatigue and sleepiness in tunnelling operations." Applied Ergonomics 90 (January 2021): 103237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103237.

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23

Bewick, E. Robert. "Underground railways/tunnelling and the effects on buildings." Structural Survey 10, no. 1 (January 1992): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630809210031708.

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24

YOSHIKAWA, Tadao. "Shield Machine and Soil Grain Composition for Underground Tunnelling." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 34, no. 2 (1997): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.34.113.

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25

Grandori, Carlo. "Tunnelling and underground construction in the twenty-first century." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 2, no. 2 (January 1987): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0886-7798(87)90008-3.

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26

Kaliampakos, D., A. Benardos, A. Mavrikos, and G. Panagiotopoulos. "The Underground Atlas Project." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 55 (May 2016): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.03.009.

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27

Marinos, P. V. "GEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF ROCK MASSES IN UNDERGROUND EXCAVATIONS." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 3 (January 24, 2017): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11300.

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Анотація:

The paper deals with the engineering geological behaviour of rock masses in underground excavations. In general, the application of the well-known classification systems has the drawback of not displaying necessary information concerning the behaviour of rock masses, especially the weak ones, in tunnelling. Consequently, there are many cases in which the geological “identity” of the geomaterial is lost since it is not involved in the analysis. In that way it is possible that its special characteristics are mislaid. Within this framework, a system for assessing the failure type mechanisms of the rockmass (i.e. deformation due to overstressing, overbrakes or wedge failure, “chimney” type failure, ravelling ground) for unsupported tunnel-section is presented. These parameters, used for this system, are the structure of the rockmass, the intact rock strength and the overburden thickness. The experience gained by the recent tunnelling construction in the Greek territory, under particularly difficult geological conditions, provided excellent and numerous data for this study.

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28

Mosca, R., P. Giribone, M. Schenone, and M. Bringiotti. "Tunnelling-Underground Drilling Systems:Technical/Economic Evaluation Through Hierarchical Factorial Design." International Journal of Modelling and Simulation 14, no. 2 (January 1994): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02286203.1994.11760213.

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29

Cazzuffi, Daniele, Domenico Gioffrè, and Andrea Luciani. "Geosynthetics in tunnels and underground structures applications." E3S Web of Conferences 368 (2023): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202336801005.

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Анотація:

Waterproofing systems of tunnels is of crucial importance for the long-term effectiveness of the underground works and for the possible impact on the surrounding environment. In conventional tunnelling, polymeric geomembranes are nowadays used with fluid barrier function, while nonwoven geotextiles and geonets are commonly employed with mechanical protection and drainage functions. After some descriptions of the main requirements of the geosynthetics used in tunnels and underground structures, the durability aspects of the materials forming the waterproofing systems are briefly outlined.

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30

Civitarese, Osvaldo. "The ANDES Underground Laboratory Project." Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings 267-269 (October 2015): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2015.10.133.

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31

Khoreshok, Alexey, Leonid Mametyev, Valery Nesterov, Aleksandre Tsekhin, and Andrey Borisov. "Unitized Attachment Points of a Disk Tool for the Working Bodies of Shearers and Tunnelling Machines." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929703008.

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Анотація:

An important task in the technological process of a mining enterprise is preparatory mine working performance, as effective operation of an entire mining complex depends on rate and quality of drilling. Therefore, the main factor affecting the performance of the process of underground mining is the correspondence of design and operating parameters of the working bodies of tunnelling machines to mining and geological conditions. The underground mining operations showed that rocks with a strength f ≤ 10 and high abrasiveness are to be destroyed with disc tools, providing higher strength, wear-resistant parameter and low dust formation in comparison with cutters. The usage of disk tools on the working bodies of tunnelling machines of selective action is a poorly studied task and requires special research of the questions of destruction, crushing and loading of rocks at reverse working modes. It has been established that researches aimed at design development of an attachment point of a disk tool for arrow-type working bodies of a tunnelling machines is an urgent scientific task. The original technical solutions for the design of the attachment points of disc and cutter tools are proposed to improve the processes of cutting of working bodies in the face massif, dust suppression, sealing and mounting-dismounting operations at the operation of shearers and tunnelling machines.

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32

Massimo-Kaiser, Ines, Hans Exenberger, Sabine Hruschka, Frédéric Heil, and Matthias Flora. "Streamlining Tunnelling Projects through BIM." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 12, 2022): 11433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811433.

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Currently, most academic discourse looking at the advantages of Building Information Modelling (BIM) is kept very general. This article evaluates how the use of BIM affects social and economic aspects of seven different tunneling projects. The analysis is based on internal project documentation and on-site visits, resulting in the authors subjective perception. Due to a confidentiality policy given by ongoing projects, the official documentation is anonymised. On one hand, the social analysis considers teamwork aspects. On the other hand, the economic assessment considers the optimised use of resources. The conclusion shows that the correct and complete implementation of all methods and tools from BIM increase social and economic sustainability, optimising project delivery in tunneling. As a result, among other things, on par communication, teambuilding, and mutual appreciation contribute to an increased social sustainability. Economic sustainability is directly associated with resulting short distances within the team and easy communication and coordination. Consequently, this leads to faster problem solving and a streamlined project execution.

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33

Ortigao, J. AR, R. Kochen, M. M. Farias, and A. P. Assis. "Tunnelling in Brasília porous clay." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 33, no. 4 (August 20, 1996): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t96-082-304.

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Анотація:

The Brasília underground transportation system comprises 6.5 km of shallow tunnel excavated in a soft red soil known as porous clay that overlies harder residual soils. The tunnel diameter is 9.6 m. Settlement observations indicated that surface settlements were two to three fold the initially predicted value, although no indication of excavation instability was observed. Settlements reached, at one section, 500 mm without failure. Another striking feature was settlement amplification between the top of the excavation and the surface by a factor that averaged 1.2 but reached up to 4. This occured because of the collapsible nature of the porous clay, which presented a considerable reduction of volume as the tunnel face advanced. This paper describes tunnel design, construction, and instrumentation; and summarizes geology and soil properties from in situ and laboratory tests. Field measurements of settlements and horizontal displacements are described and analysed. The main cause of the large settlements was collapse of the porous clay structure. Key words: tunnelling, porous clay, settlements, collapse.

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34

Wei, Hong Hu, and Yan Bao. "Attitude Measurement for Underground Self-Walking Tunneling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 1749–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.1749.

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Self-walking tunneling is at present the most advanced technology to underground pipeline construction. One of the difficulties is orientation measuring technology, that involves if tunneling can keep along with designed line. There is no mature method for self-walking tunnelling. This paper, based on the eleventh five-year plan national science and technology subject, comprehensive utilization of total station and rangefinder and combination with the characteristics of the tunneller, researches a set of practical and low cost measurement method. The application shows that the method meets with the need of orientation measurement to curve tunneling.

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35

Fang, Yihai, Jelena Ninic, Günther Meschke, Markus König, and Qianbing Zhang. "Forward: Information modelling of tunnelling and underground infrastructure: Technology and applications." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 116 (October 2021): 104067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2021.104067.

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36

Gao, Min, Zhengzhao Liang, Shanpo Jia, Yingchun Li, and Xuexiang Yang. "An equivalent anchoring method for anisotropic rock masses in underground tunnelling." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 85 (March 2019): 294–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2018.12.017.

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37

Goel, R. K. "Status of tunnelling and underground construction activities and technologies in India." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 16, no. 2 (April 2001): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0886-7798(01)00035-9.

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38

Karliński, Jacek, Eugeniusz Rusiński, and Tadeusz Lewandowski. "New generation automated drilling machine for tunnelling and underground mining work." Automation in Construction 17, no. 3 (March 2008): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2007.05.007.

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39

Chan, Lucas Kwan Lok, and Alan Kwok Lun Kwong. "Geotechnical risks, mitigation measures and performance of tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunnels for the Tuen Mun – Chek Lap Kok Link Project, Hong Kong." Special Issue with Awarded and Shortlisted Papers from the HKIE Outstanding Paper Award for Young Engineers/Researchers 2019 26, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33430/v26n4thie-2019-0017.

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Анотація:

The Tuen Mun – Chek Lap Kok Link (TM-CLKL) project implemented latest innovation designs and ground improvement techniques in large slurry tunnel boring machines (TBM) tunnelling for constructing the sub-sea TBM tunnel in Hong Kong. Face stability, ground settlement, blow out, water ingress and ovalisation are always the major geotechnical risks for TBM tunnelling in the industry. This paper summarises the design considerations in terms of ground improvement and special arrangements of TBM tunnelling to mitigate the geotechnical risks and the improvement of the overall performance of TBM tunnelling under the TM-CLKL project. Field monitoring data such as surface settlement, ovalisation of segmental lining and ground improvement technique such as barrettes are presented.

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40

Sterling, Ray, and Jian Zhao. "Editorial 2015 – Celebrating 40 years of Underground Space and 30 years of Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 50 (August 2015): A1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2015.07.017.

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41

Kuwahara, S. "Overview of the ITA tunnelling project summary reports." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 5, no. 3 (January 1990): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0886-7798(90)90005-5.

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42

Flint, G. R., and W. Foreman. "Bentonite tunnelling for the Greater Cairo wastewater project." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 7, no. 1 (January 1992): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0886-7798(92)90112-u.

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43

Mohamad Ismail, Mohd Ashraf, Siao Phin Lim, and Wui Wenn Tay. "Finite Element Analysis of Tunnelling Induced Deformation towards Pile Foundation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (October 2015): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.28.

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Анотація:

The demand of surface area increases rapidly in the urban areas due to the increase in populations. This leads to the shortage of surface area for development in the future. Underground development is one of the solutions to solve the problems, such as the tunnel constructed underground, to provide new spaces for the development without claiming valuable spaces on the surface. Since construction of tunnel might influence the integrity of above ground structures, it is important to evaluate the impact of tunneling towards adjacent building foundation. This paper presents the numerical analysis of pile-tunnel interaction under greenfield condition for the optimization of tunnel distance, position and size relative to pile. Parametric study concerning the pile-tunnel interaction was concluded to assess the differential stress around the tunnel, ground settlement bending moment and axial force acting on pile. Pile-tunnel interaction was found directly proportional to the tunnel diameter and inversely proportional to pile-tunnel distance. The maximum surface settlement was observed at the tunnel with diameter of 1.5 times diameter (d). The highest pile bending moment and axial forces was observed at pile-tunnel distance equal to 1d.

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44

Samanta, B. K. "Underground Mining Project Equipment Selection Model." International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology 44, no. 1 (February 25, 2017): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22312803/ijctt-v44p110.

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45

Panthi, Krishna Kanta. "Underground Space for Infrastructure Development and Engineering Geological Challenges in Tunneling in the Himalayas." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 1 (February 24, 2008): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v1i0.890.

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Анотація:

Being topographically steep and consisting of many rivers originating from the glaciers of the Himalaya, Nepal is gifted in water resources. As a developing country, Nepal needs to accelerate to develop its crucial infrastructures for the economic prosperity of the nation. This is achievable by developing the enormous hydropower potential available, making short and efficient roads through the steep mountain topography, extracting mines for various purposes, and providing cost effective solutions for the storage facilities. These developments are not possible unless tunnels and underground caverns are used. Due to tectonic activity, however, the rock mass in Nepal and across the Himalayan region is somewhat different in their engineering behaviour. These differences in mechanical behaviour are mainly caused by a high degree of folding, faulting, shearing, fracturing and deep weathering. As a result, severe instability problems associated with this complex geological setup have to be faced during tunnelling. This is the major challenge to be addressed in a scientific manner in order to make tunnel option more cost effective, feasible and safer. This paper delineates the possible areas where tunnels and underground caverns are needed and may play an important role in the socio-economic development of the nation, discusses the major geological challenges faced while tunnelling, and briefly describes methodologies to be used for analysing geological uncertainties. Key words: Himalayan geology, tunnelling, Nepal Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment Vol. I, Issue No. 1 (2007) pp. 43-49

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46

Panagiotopoulos, George, Dimitris Kaliampakos, Andreas Benardos, and Athanassios Mavrikos. "The Underground Atlas Project: Can We Really Crowdsource the Underground Space?" Procedia Engineering 165 (2016): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.795.

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47

Sonoda, T., H. Hagiwara, H. Osaki, T. Noguchi, and M. Nakamura. "Construction of underground space by a new shield tunnelling method: Spiral tunnelling and ramification of multi-circular face shield." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 7, no. 4 (October 1992): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0886-7798(92)90065-p.

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48

Shaffiee Haghshenas, Sina, Sami Shaffiee Haghshenas, Milad Barmal, and Niloofar Farzan. "Utilization of Soft Computing for Risk Assessment of a Tunneling Project Using Geological Units." Civil Engineering Journal 2, no. 7 (July 30, 2016): 358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2016-00000040.

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Анотація:

Soft computing is one of the most efficient tools for analysing risk taking in civil engineering projects. Therefore, in this paper, using Fuzzy C-means (FCM) technique as one of the most efficient and important classification methods in the area of soft computing, risk in the tunnelling project was evaluated and analysed. For this reason, considering three mechanical and physical parameters influencing the design and execution of the tunnelling project including overburden (H), internal friction angle (Phi) and cohesion (C), geological units were classified along the project's route. The present study has been conducted on the third section of Ghomrud tunnel as one of the greatest tunnelling projects in the centre of Iran. Results obtained from the evaluation of geological units along the tunnelling project's route after the validation of drilling rate index’s results show the appropriate evaluation of the project’s risk through fuzzy clustering technique.

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49

Carli, Carla De, and Peroni Rodrigo de Lemos. "Project optimization." Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 68, no. 1 (March 2015): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0370-44672015680018.

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Анотація:

A mineral deposit can be exploited by underground methods or by open pit methods, defined according to their characteristics, especially in relation to depth and geometry of the ore body and the economic feasibility of the methods. However, there are cases in which the alternative that represents the best return for the project is the application of combined methods, i.e., the open pit followed by underground mining. In these situations, the major difficulty is the definition of the transition point of methods, seeking to maximize the net present value of the project and the use of mineral resources. The premature suspension of activities in the open pit, as well as advancing beyond the optimum depth, can derail the implementation of the combination of methods, so it is important to analyze the project not only individually but also in an integrated way.

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50

Patrucco, Mario, Enrico Pira, Salvatore Pentimalli, Rebecca Nebbia, and Achille Sorlini. "Anti-Collision Systems in Tunneling to Improve Effectiveness and Safety in a System-Quality Approach: A Review of the State of the Art." Infrastructures 6, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6030042.

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Tunnelling and underground construction operations are often characterized by critical safety issues mainly due to poor visibility and blind spots around large vehicles and equipment. This can lead to collisions between vehicles or between vehicles and pedestrians or structural elements, causing accidents and fatalities. To improve the OS&H conditions, it is important to investigate the possible introduction of innovative techniques and technologies to reduce the occurrences and consequences of shared spaces (spaces used by both vehicles and pedestrians). For this reason, research was conducted to investigate the possible use of different technologies of anti-collision systems in tunnelling operations. First, to achieve this goal, an extensive review of the literature was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA statement to select the current techniques and technologies used by general anti-collision systems in civil and mining construction sites. Then, the operating principles, the relative advantages and disadvantages, combinations, and costs were examined for each of these. Eight types of systems and many examples of applications of anti-collision systems in underground environments were identified as a result of the analysis of the literature. Generally, it was noted that the anti-collision techniques available have found limited application in the excavation sites of underground civil works up to the present day, though the improvement in terms of safety and efficiency would be considerable.

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