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1
Kitano, Manabu, Seiya Fukuoka, Naoki Adachi, Tadashi Hisamitsu, and Masataka Sunagawa. "Shoseiryuto Ameliorated TDI-Induced Allergic Rhinitis by Suppressing IL-33 Release from Nasal Epithelial Cells." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 10 (September 29, 2022): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102083.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a major cause of occupational asthma and rhinitis. Shoseiryuto (SST) is one of the traditional herbal medicines (Kampo medicine) and has long been used as a natural medicine for allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma. Recent studies have shown that the expression and release of IL-33, which regulates the TH2 cytokine response in epithelial cells, is an important step in developing the inflammatory response of the nasal mucosa. In this study, we investigated whether SST may ameliorate the TDI-induced AR-related symptoms in rats and inhibit IL-33 release from nasal epithelial cells. An AR rat model was generated by sensitization and induction with TDI. SST was administered during the sensitization period. AR-related symptoms in rats were evaluated, and IL-33 release was measured both in vivo and in vitro. SST suppressed symptoms appearing in TDI-induced AR model rats, such as elevated serum histamine and IL-33 levels in nasal lavage fluid (NLF)/serum, which were suppressed by SST administration. TDI-induced IL-33 release from the nasal epithelial cell nuclei was also observed and suppressed in SST-treated rats and cultured nasal epithelial cells. These results suggest that SST ameliorates the symptoms of TDI-induced AR at least partially by inhibiting IL-33 release from nasal epithelial cells.
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Johnson, Victor J., Michael L. Kashon, Berran Yucesoy, and Michael I. Luster. "Global patterns of gene expression following inhalation of toluene diisocyanate suggest development of allergic rhinitis (37.4)." Journal of Immunology 178, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2007): S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.37.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Rhinitis is often a comorbid and preceding disease in workers afflicted with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) asthma. We hypothesized that TDI rhinitis is driven by an allergic immune response rather than innate inflammation. Global patterns of gene expression were examined via microarray in a murine model of TDI rhinitis and compared to acute nasal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Histological analysis showed extensive inflammation of the nasal mucosa with eosinophils and neutrophils dominating in the TDI and LPS models, respectively. Effector cell recruitment correlated with expression of chemokines directed towards eosinophils in TDI rhinitis and neutrophils in LPS rhinitis. Genes involved in antigen processing/presentation, lymphocyte activation/regulation, cytokine-receptor signaling and humoral immunity were differentially regulated in TDI rhinitis. In contrast, inflammatory, innate immune and defense responses as well as response to pathogens/biotics were over represented in LPS rhinitis. These results indicate that exposure to TDI results in an antigen-driven immune response in the nasal mucosa suggestive of allergic rhinitis. This work was supported in part by an NIEHS IAG (Y1-ES-0001 - Immunotoxicity of Workplace Xenobiotics) The findings and conclusions have not been formally disseminated by NIOSH and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy.
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Smith, Kristina E., Daniel W. Lopez-Hernandez, Alexis Bueno, Rachel A. Rugh-Fraser, Bethany A. Nordberg, Deborah Budding, David A. Hovda, et al. "A-92 Assessing Perceived Workload on the Brief Visual Memory Test in Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, no. 6 (August 30, 2021): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.110.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objective We examined perceived workload as it is related to Brief Visual Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) short-delay and long-delay performance in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and healthy comparison (HC) participants. Method The sample consisted of 39 TBI participants and 54 HC participants. Demographically corrected BVMT-R scores were used to evaluate short-delay and long-delay performances. The perceived workload was measured using the NASA-TLX. Results ANOVA revealed that the HC group outperformed the TBI group on the BVMT-R short-delay and long-delay score, p < 05, η p 2 = 0.05. ANCOVAs controlling for age were used to evaluate NASA-TLX group differences. In regards to the NASA-TLX, TBI participants reported higher levels of physical demand, effort, frustration and overall subjective workload on the BVMT-R short-delay compared to HC participants, p < 05, η p 2 = 0.01–0.09. Furthermore, on the long-delay of the BVMT-R, the NASA-TLX revealed that the TBI group reported higher levels of temporal demand, effort, frustration and overall subjective workload compared to the HC group, p < 0.05, η p 2 = 0.05–0.14. Conclusions Results revealed that TBI participants demonstrated worse BVMT-R performances than HC participants. However, TBI survivors reported higher perceived workload demands compared to the HC group in both short-delay and long-delay of the BVMT-R. Our findings suggest that TBI impacts non-verbal memory performance in both BVMT-R short-delay and long-delay. Also, brain injury may be impacting TBI survivors’ awareness of their non-verbal memory performance. Further work is required to determine what drives the impaired perception of non-verbal memory performance among TBI survivors.
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Stamm, Oskar, Susan Vorwerg, Michele Haink, Kristian Hildebrand, and Ilona Buchem. "Usability and Acceptance of Exergames Using Different Types of Training among Older Hypertensive Patients in a Simulated Mixed Reality." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 11424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211424.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) exergames are promising tools for increasing training motivation. However, the use of exergames with mixed reality (MR) headsets remains under-researched. Older adults with hypertension could also benefit from the increased training adherence associated with MR. Endurance and strength endurance exercises are recommended for this group to lower blood pressure. The aim of the preliminary study (n = 22) was to compare the usability and acceptance of two exergames, which represent two different training types—strength endurance training (SET) and endurance training (ET). The developed exergame prototypes were applied in “simulated MR” using a VR head-mounted display. We examined the following outcomes: usability (TUI), intention to use (TUI), subjective task load (NASA-TLX), frustration (NASA-TLX), and presence (PQ). The results showed that frustration was significantly greater in the ET than in the SET (p = 0.038). Presence was significantly higher in the SET (p = 0.002). No significant differences in usability and acceptance were found in the exergames. The results indicate that usability and acceptance are not related to the type of training when utilizing MR exergames. Whether the results are transferable with a real MR headset must be determined in further research.
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Printza, Athanasia, Marina Boziki, Constantinos Valsamidis, Christos Bakirtzis, Jannis Constantinidis, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, and Stefanos Triaridis. "Smell as a Disease Marker in Multiple Sclerosis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 17 (September 3, 2022): 5215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175215.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Existing data suggest that people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are at an elevated risk for experiencing olfactory impairment. We investigated if smell dysfunction can be used as an MS disease marker. This is a cross-sectional, case–control study. All data were collected prospectively from 171 participants, 115 pwMS and 56 controls (age and sex stratified and matched to the patients), who reported smell, taste, and nasal breathing, and completed the Greek-validated questionnaires for nasal obstruction (NOSE), nasal-symptoms QoL (SNOT-22), and olfaction-associated QoL (QOD). The smell was assessed with the “Sniffin’ sticks” (odor threshold (OT), discrimination (OD), identification (OI) test, and total TDI). We recorded the pwMS disease characteristics (Expanded Disability Status Scale-EDSS, the disease type and duration), cognitive function, emotional status, fatigue, and impact of MS in everyday activities. A TDI < 30.75 (hyposmia) was detected in 30.8% of the patients. The patients’ OD and TDI scores were significantly lower than the controls’ (p = 0.005, and 0.015, respectively). The hyposmia correlated with disease severity and duration. The EDSS score correlated negatively with OD (r = −0.299, p = 0.001) and TDI (r = −0.242, p = 0.01). The disease duration correlated negatively with OD (r = −0.305, p = 0.001, OI (r = −0.253, p = 0.008) and TDI (r = −0.3, p = 0.001). The information processing speed (SDMT) correlated with OD, OT, and TDI (r = 0.302, p = 0.002; r = 0.242, p = 0.016; r = 0.326, p = 0.001). The olfactory function is changing in MS in accordance with disease progression.
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Islam, Zahid. "The Effect of Experience-Based Tangible User Interface on Cognitive Load in Design Education." International Journal of Virtual and Augmented Reality 4, no. 2 (July 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijvar.2020070101.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Inclusion of tangible user interfaces can facilitate learning through contextual experience, interaction with the provided information, and epistemic actions, resulting in effecting learning in design education. The goal of this study is to investigate how tangible user interface (TUI) affects design learning through the cognitive load. Extended reality-based TUI and traditional desktop-based GUI were utilized to deliver the same information to two groups of students. The NASA TLX tool was used to measure students' perceived cognitive load after receiving information through the two modalities. Contemporary design pedagogy, the potential use of XR, design cognition, today's design learners experience-oriented lifestyle were combined to provide a theoretical framework to understand how information delivery modalities affect design learning. The results reveal that the use of XR-based TUIs decreases cognitive load resulting in enhanced experience and effective learning in design studios.
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D, Lopez-Hernandez, Litvin P, Rugh-Fraser R, Cervantes R, Martinez F, Saravia S, Zakarian F, et al. "A-111 The Relationship between Bilingualism and Perceived Workload on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test in Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 35, no. 6 (August 28, 2020): 904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acaa068.111.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objective We evaluated perceived workload (measured by the NASA Task Load Index; NASA-TLX) as related to Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) performances in monolingual and bilingual traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors and healthy comparison participants (HC). Method The sample consisted of 28 TBI survivors (12 monolinguals & 16 bilinguals) and 50 HC (20 monolinguals & 30 bilinguals). SDMT written (SDMT-W) and SDMT oral (SDMT-O) were used to evaluate group differences. Results ANCOVA, controlling for age, revealed that the HC group outperformed the TBI group on SDMT-W, p = .001, and SDMT-O, p = .047. Furthermore, bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on SDMT-W, p = .017. On the NASA-TLX, an interaction emerged on temporal demand rating, p = .023, with TBI bilinguals reporting higher temporal demand on SDMT tasks compared to TBI monolinguals, while the HC monolingual participants reported higher temporal demands ratings compared to HC bilingual participants. Furthermore, monolingual participants showed higher levels of frustration with regard to the SDMT task compared to bilingual participants, p = .029. Conclusion Our data revealed TBI survivors underperformed on both SDMT trials compared to the HC participants. Also, bilingual participants demonstrated better SDMT-W performances compared to monolingual participants. Furthermore, our TBI bilingual sample reported themselves to be more rushed to complete the SDMT compared to monolingual TBI sample, but they were less frustrated. Meanwhile, our HC monolingual sample felt more rushed to complete the SDMT tasks compared to HC bilingual participants, but they were less frustrated. While we observed differences in workload ratings between language groups, it is unclear if language use, and/or other variables are driving these results.
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Pham, Tiffany T., Ellen Lester, Areg Grigorian, Rachel E. Roditi, and Jeffry T. Nahmias. "National Analysis of Risk Factors for Nasal Fractures and Associated Injuries in Trauma." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 12, no. 3 (September 2019): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1677724.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nasal fractures account for up to 58% of facial fractures. However, the literature characterizing associated injuries and risk factors for nasal fractures is sparse and is mostly composed of single-center experiences. This study sought to provide a large descriptive analysis and identify associated injuries and risk factors for nasal fractures in trauma using a national database. A retrospective analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) from 2007 to 2015 was performed. Patients ≥18 years of age with nasal fractures were included. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify predictors for nasal fracture in trauma. Of 5,494,609 trauma patients in the NTDB, 255,533 (4.6%) had a nasal fracture. Most were male (74.8%) with a mean age of 45.6 years. Blunt trauma accounted for 90.5% of fractures, with motor vehicle accident being the most common mechanism (27.5%). Closed fractures occurred in 93.0% of patients. Concomitant injuries included traumatic brain injury (TBI; 56.9%), malar/maxillary fracture (27.9%), and open wound of the face (38.6%) and nose (9.5%). Of all patients, 10.1% underwent closed or open reductions at index hospitalization. The strongest associated injuries with nasal fracture included open wound of the nose (odds ratio [OR]: 8.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.49–8.94, p < 0.001), epistaxis (OR: 5.26, 95% CI: 4.59–6.02, p < 0.001), malar/maxillary fracture (OR: 4.38, 95% CI: 4.30–4.45, p < 0.001), and orbital fracture (OR: 3.99, 95% CI: 3.91–4.06, p < 0.001). Nasal fractures are common traumatic injuries with more than 90% occurring by blunt mechanism and over half suffering from a concomitant TBI. The strongest associated injury with nasal fracture is an open wound of the nose.
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Scharf, Martin B., Michael D. McDannold, Nadia T. Zaretsky, Geoffry T. Hux, Donald E. Brannen, and David V. Berkowitz. "Cyclic Alternating Pattern Sequences in Non-Apneic Snorers with and without Nasal Dilation." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 75, no. 9 (September 1996): 617–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556139607500911.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A study was conducted to polysomnographically evaluate the effects of external nasal dilation on sleep quality in mild snorers by examining the amount of sleep fragmentation and cyclic alternating pattern sequences (CAPS) rates. A two-night, open-label, one-way crossover Polysomnographic evaluation, with and without use of an external nasal dilator, was done at the Tri-State Sleep Disorders Center in Cincinnati, Ohio. Nine snorers, polysomnographically determined to be free of clinically significant levels of obstructive sleep apnea, were studied. CAPS rates with nasal dilation were 28.4% as compared to 37.9% without nasal dilation (p<0.05). We conclude that external nasal dilation reduces arousal instability in snorers without obstructive sleep apnea.
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Abe, Yoshiyuki, Morihiro Irifune, Satoshi Ogino, Ikuo Imamura, Hiroyuki Fukui, Toru Matsunaga, and Hiroshi Wada. "Histamine metabolism in human nasal polyps and TDI sensitized guinea-pig nasal mucous." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 52 (1990): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)55536-6.
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Nuamah, Joseph K., and Younho Seong. "Neural Correspondence to Human Cognition from Analysis to Intuition – Implications of Display Design for Cognition." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601508.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Psychophysiological measures can be used to determine whether a particular display produces a general difference in brain function. Such information might be valuable in efforts to improve usability in display design. In this preliminary study, we aimed to use the electroencephalography (EEG) task load index (TLI), given by the ratio of mean frontal midline theta energy to mean parietal alpha energy, to provide insight into the mental effort required by participants performing intuition-inducing and analysis-inducing tasks. We employed behavioral measures (reaction time and percent correct), and a subjective measure (NASA-Task Load Index) to validate the objective measure (TLI). The results we obtained were consistent with our hypothesis that mental effort required for analysis-inducing tasks would be different from that required for intuition-inducing tasks. Although our sample size was small, we were able to obtain a significant positive correlation between NASA-Task Load Index and TLI.
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Ott, F. M., S. P. S. Yen, and R. B. Somoano. "Review of the NASA Voyager Spacecraft Polycarbonate Capacitor Failure Incident." IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation EI-20, no. 1 (February 1985): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tei.1985.348755.
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Pawana, Sekhar Chandra. "Pewarisan Kepada Anak Tunggal Atas Kematian Kedua Orang Tua." JATIJAJAR LAW REVIEW 1, no. 1 (March 18, 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26753/jlr.v1i1.724.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pembagian harta waris kerap menimbulkan berbagai problematika antar ahli waris, terutama dala hal pewaris memiliki harta yang banyak. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjawab dan menganalisis perbandingan proses pewarisan bagi GS selaku anak tunggal atas kematian kedua orang tua menurut sistem hukum Islam yang berlaku di Indonesia. Metode penelitian normative dengan pendekatan yang digunakan didalam penelitian adalah pendekatan kasus (case approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach) dan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach). KHI sebagai hukum materiil bagi warga negara Indonesia yang beragama Islam. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan pencatatan perkawinan kedua orang tua GS yakni VA dan BA dilakukan ke Kantor Urusan Agama. Kondisi GS yang masih berusia anak tidak cakap hukum untuk melakukan perbuatan hukum. Proses perhitungan waris dengan mencari asal masalah menurut hukum kewarisan Islam yang tertuang dalam KHI belum dapat dilakukan. GS selaku anak sah memiliki hubungan nasab dengan ayahnya. Dalam hal ini kedua kakek dan nenek GS dari BA merupakan wali berdasarkan garis nasab kebapakan yang melekat kepadanya
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Michaud, Alexis, Guillaume Jacques, and Robert L. Rankin. "Historical transfer of nasality between consonantal onset and vowel." Diachronica 29, no. 2 (June 8, 2012): 201–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.29.2.04mic.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Comparative data from several language families show that nasality can be transferred between a syllable-initial consonant cluster and the following vowel. The cases reported to date are summarized, and a new analysis is proposed for a set of Sino-Tibetan data. The evolution appears to go in both directions: from the consonantal onset to the following vowel in Tai-Kadai, Austroasiatic, Sino-Tibetan, Niger-Congo (Kwa) and Indo-European (Celtic), and from the vowel to the preceding consonant in Siouan. However, an examination of the conditions on these changes brings out an asymmetry. In most cases, transfers of nasality take place from a consonantal onset to a following vowel; the instances we found of a regular change in the opposite direction all come from languages where there is one of the following restrictions on nasal sounds: (i) nasal consonants are nonphonemic (contextually predictable), or (ii) the opposition between nasal and oral vowels is neutralized after nasal consonants (in favor of nasal vowels).
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Cervantes, Raymundo, Daniel W. Lopez-Hernandez, Winter Olmos, Amy Bichlmeier, Rachel A. Rugh-Fraser, Tara L. Victor, Raelynn B. Munoz, et al. "A-105 Perceived Workload and Depression on the Rey 15-Item Recall and Recognition Test: The Impact of Ethnicity and Brain Injury." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, no. 6 (August 30, 2021): 1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.123.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Introduction We examined the impact of perceived workload and depressive symptoms on Rey-15 plus recognition (RMT) in ethnic minority participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The sample consisted of 63 healthy comparison [HC: 38 with ethnic minority status (EM) & 25 non-ethnic minority Caucasian (NEM)] participants and 40 persons with TBI (18 EM; 22 NEM). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to measure depressive symptoms (HADS-D) and the NASA-Task Load Index (NASA TLX) to measure perceived workload. Results ANCOVAs revealed that NEM outperformed EM on the RMT, p = 0.000, ηp2 = 0.37. TBI survivors reported higher levels of HADS-D compared to HC participants, p = 0.018, ηp2 = 0.06. Additionally, the EM group reported higher levels of frustration on the RMT compared to NEMs, p = 0.033, ηp2 = 0.05. Interactions emerged for physical demand where NEM participant’s with TBI had higher ratings than EM participants with TBI. For HCs, the EM participants provided higher physical demand ratings than their NEM counterparts, p = 0.029, ηp2 = 0.05. Additionally, a significant relationship between HADS-D and RMT was observed in the healthy NEM participants (r = −0.558, p = 0.004) and NEM participants with TBI (r = −0.288, p = 0.080). Finally, significant relationships between HADS-D and mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, frustration, and overall subjective workload were observed in healthy EM participants, r = 0.342–0.431, p < 0.05. Conclusion Consistent with previous research, TBI survivors reported higher levels of depressive symptoms, which were associated with RMT performances. Overall, our data suggest the relationship between perceived workload, depression, and performance is complex and that investigators should interpret performance validity scores in person with TBI, depression, and/or EM status with great care.
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Marwa, Abdelhafeez, and Ali Elkholi Safaa Mostafa. "Efficacy of olfactory training program in conjunction with nasal steroid irrigation in treating persistent smell loss in COVID-19 patients." Archives of Otolaryngology and Rhinology 8, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 001–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-1759.000144.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Smell loss is a challenging clinical problem. There is still no evidence-based medical intervention to treat patients with persistent smell loss as a result of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim is to analyze the efficacy of treating patients with persistent smell loss due to COVID-19 using olfactory training (OT) combined with nasal steroid irrigation. Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 196 COVID-19 patients with persistent smell loss were recruited. All patients underwent two testing sessions. At the first session, patients were examined by a history taking followed by an Otorhinolaryngological examination including, a thorough nasal endoscopy. In addition, an olfactory performance assessment was performed to assess the severity of smell loss. All patients were then treated with OT and nasal steroid irrigation with budesonide for 12 weeks. The second session includes an olfactory performance assessment to assess if there is an improvement in olfactory function. Results: Patients after treatment showed improvement in overall Threshold-Detection-Identification (TDI) score, odor detection threshold score, odor discrimination score, and odor identification score, which were higher than before treatment. Statistically significant differences before and after treatment results were very pronounced for the overall TDI score (p = 0.014) and odor detection threshold score (p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in odor discrimination (p = 0.08) or odor identification (p = 0.126) scores before and after treatment. Conclusion: The results of this study support the efficacy of the combination of budesonide nasal irrigation and OT in treating persistent smell loss due to COVID-19 infection.
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Abe, Yoshiyuki, Morihiro Irifune, Satoshi Ogino, Toru Matsunaga, Ikuo Imamura, Hiroyuki Fukui, Hiroshi Wada, Makoto Takao, and Yasuki Watanabe. "Effect of Steroid Nasal Spray on TDI-Sensitized Guinea Pigs." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 85, no. 9 (1992): 1493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.85.1493.
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Safitri, Arini. "Pemetaan dan Rancangan Intervensi Untuk Beban Kerja Mental Overload pada Dosen IAIN Palangka Raya." Irsyad : Jurnal Bimbingan, Penyuluhan, Konseling, dan Psikoterapi Islam 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/irsyad.v8i3.2043.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemetaan dan rancangan intervensi untuk beban kerja mental overload pada Dosen IAIN Palangka Raya. Jumlah subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 31 orang yang terdiri dari Dosen PNS dan Non PNS yang memiliki beban kerja dalam melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi minimal dalam satu Tahun Ajaran terakhir (Ganjil 2018/2019 atau Genap 2018/2019) lebih dari 16 Satuan Kredit Semester. Pengukuran beban kerja secara mental atau psikologis dapat diukur salah satunya dengan metode NASA-TLX. Metode NASA-TLX ialah suatu alat ukur yang digunakan dalam mengukur beban kerja mental secara subjektif. Hasil pemetaan beban kerja mental yaitu didapatkan skor rata-rata beban kerja mental sebesar 82 (delapan puluh dua) yang berada pada kategori berat.
This study aims to determine the mapping and intervention design for mental overload workloads at IAIN Palangka Raya lecturers. The number of subjects in this study was 31 people consisting of PNS and Non-PNS lecturers who had a workload in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education in the last one academic year (Odd 2018/2019 or Even 2018/2019) more than 16 Semester Credit Units. One of the mental or psychological measurements of workload is the NASA-TLX method. A NASA-TLX method is a measuring tool used in measuring mental workload subjectively. The mental workload mapping result is that the mental workload average score is 82 (eighty-two), which is in the heavy category.
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Zhenghong Lee and M. S. Berridge. "PET imaging-based evaluation of aerosol drugs and their delivery devices: nasal and pulmonary studies." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 21, no. 10 (October 2002): 1324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2002.806273.
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Muti, Andrea Daniela, Alina Elena Pârvu, Leon Adrian Muti, Remus Moldovan, and Adriana Mureșan. "VITAMIN E EFFECT IN A RAT MODEL OF TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE-INDUCED ASTHMA." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 89, no. 4 (February 15, 2016): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-611.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background and aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate vitamin E effect upon oxidative stress associated with toluene -2, 4-diisocyanate (TDI)-induced asthma in rats.Methods. The five study groups were: control, vehicle, TDI, vehicle+E, TDI+E. TDI animals were sensitized by nasal administration of TDI 10% (5µl/nostril) between days 1-7 and 15-21. Between days 22-28 groups TDI+E and vehicle+E rats received vitamin E (50 mg/kg, i. v.), and control , vehicle and TDI groups received saline solution. On day 29 the rats were challenged by intranasal application of 5% TDI (5 μl/nostril). On day 30 blood, BALF and lung biopsy were harvested. Oxidative stress tests were malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PC), total thiols (tSH), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and reduced glutathione (GSH).Results. TDI sensitization increased oxidative stress systemically, but also locally in the respiratory airways and lung tissue. There was an increase of MDA and PC formation associated with a deficiency of the antioxidant defense reflected by DPPH decreases. There were no differences between systemic and local lung concentrations of oxidized molecules. After vitamin E treatment oxidative stress was reduced mostly due to serum, BALF and lung tissue GSH and DPPH increase.Conclusion. The study showed that in rat TDI-induced asthma there was oxidative stress caused by increased ROS production and antioxidants deficiency, and vitamin E reduced ROS production and improved antioxidant defense.
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Smith, Kristina E., Daniel W. Lopez-Hernandez, Winter Olmos, Pavel Y. Litvin, Bethany A. Nordberg, Sarah Saravia, Tara L. Victor, et al. "A-109 Examining Relationship of Brain Injury, Anxiety and Workload on Trail Making Test Performances." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, no. 6 (August 30, 2021): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.127.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objective Both anxiety and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are both related to poorer Trail Making Test (TMT) performances. TBI survivors exhibit a greater incidence of anxiety in contrast to the general population. We evaluated the relationship between TBI and anxiety on TMT and perceived workload ratings. Method The sample consisted of 39 moderate-to-severe TBI [(21 with normal symptoms of anxiety (NSA) and 18 with abnormal symptoms of anxiety (ASA)] and 51 healthy comparison (HC; 26 NSA and 25 ASA) participants. Results ANCOVA’s, controlling for age, revealed the HC group outperformed the TBI group on TMT part A and TMT part B (TMT-B). An interaction emerged on TMT-B, with TBI-ASA participants outperformed TBI-NSA participants and HC-NSA participants outperformed their counterparts with ASA. Ratings of physical demand and frustration were reported higher in TBI participants compared to the HC participants. Moreover, TBI and anxiety symptoms had interactive effects on NASA-TLX temporal demand and frustration ratings, were TBI-ASA participants reported higher scores in contrast to TBI-NSA. Lastly, an interaction emerged with HC participants with ASA reporting better performances in contrast to HC-NSA. Conclusions As expected, TBI participants did worse on both TMT tasks. Next, we found that TBI-ASA participants impacted their TMT-B performance and their perceived workload (i.e., frustration, temporal demand) more than TBI-NSA participants. In the future, studies with a larger sample size should examine if anxiety influences TMT performance and perceived workload in person with mild TBI.
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McCauley, Michael E., and Anthony M. Cook. "Simulator Sickness Research Program at Nasa-Ames Research Center." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 5 (September 1987): 502–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100504.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The simulator sickness syndrome is receiving increased attention in the simulation community. NASA-Ames Research Center has initiated a program to facilitate the exchange of information on this topic among the tri-services and other interested government organizations. The program objectives are to identify priority research issues, promote efficient research strategies, serve as a repository of information, and disseminate information to simulator users.
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Novotny, Laura A., John D. Clements, and Lauren O. Bakaletz. "Therapeutic Transcutaneous Immunization with a Band-Aid Vaccine Resolves Experimental Otitis Media." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 22, no. 8 (May 27, 2015): 867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00090-15.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACTTranscutaneous immunization (TCI) is a noninvasive strategy to induce protective immune responses. We describe TCI with a band-aid vaccine placed on the postauricular skin to exploit the unique organization of the stratum corneum and to promote the development of immune responses to resolve active experimental otitis media due to nontypeableHaemophilus influenzae(NTHI). This therapeutic immunization strategy induced significantly earlier resolution of middle ear fluid and rapid eradication of both planktonic and mucosal biofilm-resident NTHI within 7 days after receipt of the first immunizing band-aid vaccine. Efficacy was ascribed to the homing of immunogen-bearing cutaneous dendritic cells to the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue, induction of polyfunctional CD4+T cells, and the presence of immunogen-specific IgM and IgG within the middle ear. TCI using band-aid vaccines could expand the use of traditional parenteral preventative vaccines to include treatment of active otitis media, in addition to other diseases of the respiratory tract due to NTHI.
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Zarizal, Suhaili, Chew Chieng Yeo, Ghazali Mohd Faizal, Ching Hoong Chew, Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria, Mazen M. Jamil Al-Obaidi, Nordin Syafinaz Amin, and Mohd Desa Mohd Nasir. "Nasal colonisation, antimicrobial susceptibility and genotypic pattern ofStaphylococcus aureusamong agricultural biotechnology students in Besut, Terengganu, east coast of Malaysia." Tropical Medicine & International Health 23, no. 8 (July 3, 2018): 905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.13090.
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Tsepkolenko, A. "Olfactory dysfunction and olfactory bulb volume in patients with deviated nasal septum." Radiation Diagnostics, Radiation Therapy 12, no. 4 (2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37336/2707-0700-2021-4-1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the study is to demonstrate the possibility and information content of olfactory bulb volume measuring in healthy volunteers and patients with deviated nasal septum, as well as the relationship between the volume of the olfactory bulb and olfactory function. Material and methods. 28 men with deviated nasal septum aged 24 to 35 years (main group) and 21 clinically healthy volunteers, men aged 23 to 33 years (control group) were examined. All patients underwent checkup of the ENT organs and examinations on a 1.5 T MRI machine with 12-channel head coil. The sense of smell was examined using the extended Sniffin Sticks test (SST) (“Buerhard”, Hamburg, Germany) with the definition of 3 parameters: threshold, identification and discrimination. Results. In accordance with the design of the work, threshold, discrimination, identification subtests and MRI examination of the head were performed with the measurement of the olfactory bulb volume of patients in the main group and volunteers in the control group. In all participants in the control group was diagnosed normosmia in accordance with the TDI indicator, and in patients with deviated nasal septum – hyposmia. Olfactory function in patients deviated nasal septum was significantly lower on the narrower side as indicated for odor thresholds, odor recognition, and odor identification (P<0.01). It was found that olfactory bulb volumes are larger on the wider side than on the narrower side (P<0.01). Conclusion. Asymmetry in the size and volume of OB is observed only in patients with deviated nasal septum, it is absent in healthy volunteers. MRI visualization and morphometry of olfactory bulb, in addition to identifying of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses state, are informative in the process of preoperative examination of patients with deviated nasal septum. Olfactory bulb volume definition should be used for personalized diagnosis and quantitative assessment of olfactory dysfunction.
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Rusu, Mugurel C., C. J. Sava, and Mihai D. Stoenescu. "Bilateral pneumatization of middle and superior nasal turbinates." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 123, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2020.123.3.8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The pneumatization of all nasal turbinates is an extremely rare finding. Several previous reports have presented the bilateral superior, middle, and inferior conchæbullosæ. We report the bilateral pneumatization of middle and superior nasal turbinates. The variant was documented in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in all three dimensions. The inferior concha bullosa was a bilaterally moderate subtype of lamellar pneumatization that presented as a conchal recess of the maxillary sinus. The concha bullosa media was bilaterally of the extensive or true type and associated unilaterally with an uncinate bulla. The concha bullosa superior was asymmetrical bilaterally, narrower on the right side, and larger on the left where it was also septated and tri-cameral. The supreme conchæ were rudimentary, as were their pneumatizations. For an accurate anatomic diagnosis of conchæbullosæ in computed tomography, sagittal, coronal, and axial cuts, as well as three-dimensional reconstructions, should be used to ensure adequate planning of functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
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Tunes, Roberto S., Lucas G. Patrocinio, Mikhail Saltychev, Sami P. Moubayed, and Sam P. Most. "Validation of the Portuguese Language Version of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey." Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine 22, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpsam.2019.29015.tun.
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Chen, Ruiyao, and W. Linwood Jones. "Creating a Consistent Multi-Decadal Oceanic TRMM-GPM Brightness Temperature Record with Estimated Calibration Uncertainty." Climate 8, no. 2 (February 10, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8020031.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Precipitation Measurement Missions (PMMs) include two earth satellite missions, namely, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM, 1997–2015) and the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM, 2014-present). To generate a consistent multi-decadal brightness temperature (Tb) record that spans the TRMM and GPM eras, it is highly desirable to perform a comprehensive intercalibration of the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and the GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) Tb measurements. Unfortunately, GMI and TMI share a limited common operational period of only 13 months. Fortunately, the WindSat polarimetric radiometer (2003-present) has been shown to be well calibrated and radiometrically stable relative to TMI for a period of over 5 years. Therefore, this paper describes the use of overlapping WindSat Tb measurements as the calibration bridge to achieve a seamless transfer joining the TMI and GMI Tb time series. Also, the development of the Tb measurement uncertainty estimation model is presented, which incorporates all relevant sources of uncertainty. Afterwards, this model was applied to three intercalibration processes: TMI to GMI, TMI to WindSat, and WindSat to GMI, and results are presented that quantify the corresponding Tb channel measurements biases and associated uncertainties associated with the merged TMI-GMI Tb record. This is an important accomplishment because this study can enable improved future Earth Science and global climate change investigations by making a long-term Tb record with estimated uncertainty available.
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Zhang, Yongbo, Zhuo Wu, Yihui Yang, and Lu Ding. "Trifluorobenzamidine prevents allergic rhinitis by regulating IgE, IL-4 and IL-5 in T-cells." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 19, no. 5 (June 26, 2020): 1023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v19i5.17.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: To investigate the effect of trifluorobenzamidine (TBI) on a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)- induced allergic rhinitis.
Methods: Allergic rhinitis was established in mice via sensitization on days 1, 5 and 14 through intraperitoneal injection of OVA (100 μg) in PBS. On day 15, the mice were subjected to intranasal exposure to OVA (1.5 mg dissolved in PBS). Prior to 10 days of intranasal exposure to OVA, the micewere treated with TBI at doses of 5, 10 and 20 μg/kg. Cytokine levels were determined using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, while cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and caspase-1 activity were assayed with western blotting.
Results: Treatment with TBI significantly (p < 0.05) reduced OVA-mediated increases in nasal rub scores, and decreased serum levels of IgE, TNF-α, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-1β and histamine in mice. It also significantly regulated spleen weight and IL-4 secretion (p < 0.05) in OVAadministered mice. TBI significantly downregulated the expressions of IL-5, IL-13, TNFα, TSLP, IL-1β and IL-6 (p < 0.05). Administration of TBI caused a marked reduction in OVA-mediated increase in caspase-1 activity in mice intranasal tissues, and also significantly reduced OVA-induced excessive production of MIP-2 and ICAM-1 (p < 0.05). Moreover, TBI prevented OVA-induced infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells into intranasal tissues (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: TBI reduces levels of IgE and various pro-inflammatory cytokines in OVA-administered mice. It also regulates Th1:Th2 ratio, inhibited activity of caspase-1, suppressed mast cell/eosinophil infiltration and reduced ICAM-1 and MIP-2 levels. Therefore, TBI possesses inhibitory potential against rhinitis allergy, and thus can potentially be developed as a new treatment strategy for asthma.
Keywords: Trifluorobenzamidine, Anti-inflammation, Allergic rhinitis, Cytokines, Caspase-1, Itching
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Glenn, Gregory M., Tanya Scharton-Kersten, Russell Vassell, Gary R. Matyas, and Carl R. Alving. "Transcutaneous Immunization with Bacterial ADP-Ribosylating Exotoxins as Antigens and Adjuvants." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 1100–1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.3.1100-1106.1999.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a new technique that uses the application of vaccine antigens in a solution on the skin to induce potent antibody responses without systemic or local toxicity. We have previously shown that cholera toxin (CT), a potent adjuvant for oral and nasal immunization, can induce both serum and mucosal immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA and protect against toxin-mediated mucosal disease when administered by the transcutaneous route. Additionally, CT acts as an adjuvant for coadministered antigens such as tetanus and diphtheria toxoids when applied to the skin. CT, a member of the bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxin (bARE) family, is most potent as an adjuvant when the A-B subunits are present and functional. We now show that TCI induces secondary antibody responses to coadministered antigens as well as to CT in response to boosting immunizations. IgG antibodies to coadministered antigens were also found in the stools and lung washes of immunized mice, suggesting that TCI may target mucosal pathogens. Mice immunized by the transcutaneous route with tetanus fragment C and CT developed anti-tetanus toxoid antibodies and were protected against systemic tetanus toxin challenge. We also show that bAREs, similarly organized as A-B subunits, as well as the B subunit of CT alone, induced antibody responses to themselves when given via TCI. Thus, TCI appears to induce potent, protective immune responses to both systemic and mucosal challenge and offers significant potential practical advantages for vaccine delivery.
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Schütz, Laura, Caroline Brendle, Javier Esteban, Sandro M. Krieg, Ulrich Eck, and Nassir Navab. "Usability of Graphical Visualizations on a Tool-Mounted Interface for Spine Surgery." Journal of Imaging 7, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7080159.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Screw placement in the correct angular trajectory is one of the most intricate tasks during spinal fusion surgery. Due to the crucial role of pedicle screw placement for the outcome of the operation, spinal navigation has been introduced into the clinical routine. Despite its positive effects on the precision and safety of the surgical procedure, local separation of the navigation information and the surgical site, combined with intricate visualizations, limit the benefits of the navigation systems. Instead of a tech-driven design, a focus on usability is required in new research approaches to enable advanced and effective visualizations. This work presents a new tool-mounted interface (TMI) for pedicle screw placement. By fixing a TMI onto the surgical instrument, physical de-coupling of the anatomical target and navigation information is resolved. A total of 18 surgeons participated in a usability study comparing the TMI to the state-of-the-art visualization on an external screen. With the usage of the TMI, significant improvements in system usability (Kruskal–Wallis test p < 0.05) were achieved. A significant reduction in mental demand and overall cognitive load, measured using a NASA-TLX (p < 0.05), were observed. Moreover, a general improvement in performance was shown by means of the surgical task time (one-way ANOVA p < 0.001).
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Zhou, Yuyan, Zhong Ni, Yuenan Ni, Binmiao Liang, and Zongan Liang. "Comparison of Actual Performance in the Flow and Fraction of Inspired O2 among Different High-Flow Nasal Cannula Devices: A Bench Study." Canadian Respiratory Journal 2021 (May 4, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6638048.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy has been recommended for use in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with acute respiratory failure and many other clinical conditions. HFNC devices produced by different manufacturers may have varied performance. Whether there is a difference in these devices and the extent of the differences in performance remain unknown. Methods. Four HFNC devices (AIRVO 2, TNI softFlow 50, HUMID-BH, and OH-70C) and a ventilator with an HFNC module (bellavista 1000) were evaluated. The flow was set at 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, and 80 L/min, and the FiO2 was set at 21%, 26%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90%. Then, one side of the cannulas was clipped to simulate the compression, bending, or blocking of the nasal cannulas. The flow and FiO2 of the delivered gas were recorded and compared among settings and devices. Results. The actual-flow and actual-FiO2 delivered by different settings and devices varied. AIRVO 2 had superior performance in flow and FiO2 accuracy. bellavista 1000 and OH-70C had good performance in the accuracy of actual-flows and actual-FiO2, respectively. bellavista 1000 and HUMID-BH had a larger flow range from 10 to 80 L/min, but only bellavista 1000 could provide a stable flow with an excessive resistance up to 60 L/min. TNI softFlow 50 had the best flow compensation and could provide sufficient flow with excessive resistance at 20–50 L/min. Conclusions. The variation in flow, FiO2 settings, and devices could influence the actual-flow and actual-FiO2 delivered. AIRVO 2 and OH-70C showed better FiO2 accuracy. TNI softFlow 50, bellavista 1000, and HUMID-BH could lower the risk of insufficient flow support due to accidental compression or blocking of the cannulas. In addition, ventilators with HFNC modules provided comparable flow and FiO2 and could be an alternative to standalone HFNC devices.
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Whitcroft, K. L., N. Gunder, M. Cuevas, P. Andrews, S. Menzel, A. Haehner, and T. Hummel. "Intranasal sodium citrate in quantitative and qualitative olfactory dysfunction: results from a prospective, controlled trial of prolonged use in 60 patients." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 278, no. 8 (January 20, 2021): 2891–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-06567-7.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objectives We have previously shown that treatment with intranasal sodium citrate may be beneficial in post-infectious olfactory dysfunction. Sodium citrate reduces free intranasal calcium and is, therefore, thought to prevent calcium-mediated feedback inhibition at the level of the olfactory receptor. We aimed to determine whether treatment with a 2-week course of intranasal sodium citrate improves quantitative olfactory function in patients with post-infectious impairment. We also aimed to determine whether sodium citrate is beneficial in treating qualitative olfactory dysfunction. Methods We performed a prospective, controlled study. Patients applied intranasal sodium citrate solution to the right nasal cavity for 2 weeks. The left nasal cavity was untreated and, therefore, acted as an internal control. Monorhinal olfactory function was assessed using the “Sniffin’ Sticks” composite ‘TDI’ score, before and after treatment. The presence of parosmia and phantosmia was also assessed. Results Overall, there was a significant increase in TDI after treatment (using the best of right and left sides). Treatment with sodium citrate did not significantly improve quantitative olfactory function, compared to control. The proportion of patients reporting parosmia did not change significantly after treatment. However, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of patients reporting phantosmia, at the end of the study period. Conclusions Treatment with intranasal sodium citrate for a period of 2 weeks does not appear to improve quantitative olfactory function in patients with post-infectious impairment, compared to control. It may, however, be beneficial in treating phantosmia, which should be further addressed in future work.
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Fisher, Brad L. "Statistical Error Decomposition of Regional-Scale Climatological Precipitation Estimates from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 46, no. 6 (June 1, 2007): 791–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2497.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Monthly rainfall estimates inferred from the NASA Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite contain errors due to discrete temporal sampling and remote spaceborne rain retrievals. This paper develops a regional-scale error model that uses the rain information in the ground data to disentangle the sampling and retrieval errors in the satellite estimate statistically. The proposed method computes a mean rain rate from monthly rainfall statistics for each TRMM rain sensor by subsampling high-resolution ground-based rain data at satellite overpass times. This additional rain-subsampled parameter plays an essential role in the statistical decomposition of the total error distribution into its sampling and retrieval error components. Using the statistical formalism developed in this study, an error analysis was performed on 5 yr of monthly rain estimates produced by the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and precipitation radar (PR) rain sensors aboard TRMM over a quasi 2° × 2° region of the TRMM ground validation (GV) site at Melbourne, Florida. Annual retrieval and sampling error statistics were computed for the TMI and PR using monthly rainfall estimates derived from two independent ground-based sensors: a regional rain gauge network and the Next-Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD). Subsampled ground-based rainfall estimates produced for the radar and the gauges were highly correlated with the TMI and PR rainfall estimates, and both GV sensors produced relatively consistent error estimates. The PR-to-TMI sampling error ratio was equal to about 1.3, which was in close agreement with prelaunch predications, and the TMI-to-PR retrieval error ratio was about 2.0. For the TMI, a seasonally alternating rainfall bias was also observed that was negative during winter and positive during summer.
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Nawi, Mohamad Arif Awang, Nor Farid Mohd Noor, Ramizu Shaari, Ameera Kamal Khaleel, Muhamamd Amirul Mat Lazin, Ibrahim Mohammed Sulaiman, and Mustafa Mamat. "The patterns of facial fractures in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients using ordinal regression: a retrospective study of five years." AIMS Neuroscience 9, no. 3 (2022): 345–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/neuroscience.2022019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<abstract> <p>According to the World Health Organization (WHO), traumatic brain injury (TBI) will mainly contribute to disability and death by 2020. Facial fractures associated with TBI are a significant public health concern worldwide. The main etiological factors are road traffic accidents, violence, and falls. Neurological injury associated with facial fractures has been reported to be as high as 76%. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated facial fracture patterns in patients with a traumatic brain injury in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia and evaluated their associations in our study. Ordinal regression was used to examine the facial fracture patterns in patients with traumatic brain injuries. The confounding variables were controlled using ordinal regression analysis, and probabilities of <italic>p</italic> < 0.1 were considered significant associations. The results found that zygomatic arch fracture −1.141 (95% CI, −2.487 to 0.204, p-value = 0.096), Le Fort II fracture −1.080 (95% CI, −2.138 to −0.022, p-value = 0.045), maxillary bone fracture 2.924 (95% CI, 1.784 to 4.063, p-value .001), nasal bone fracture 4.047 (95% CI, 1.243 to 6.851, p-value = 0.005), and mandibular bone fracture 1.501 (95% CI, 0.711 to 2.291, p-value .001) were the most common facial fracture types associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study provides valuable data for creating prevention plans and gives a chance to discover the epidemiology, prevalence, and connection between TBI and facial fracture.</p> </abstract>
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Deuell, B., L. K. Arruda, M. L. Hayden, M. D. Chapman, and T. A. Platts-Mills. "Trichophyton tonsurans allergen. I. Characterization of a protein that causes immediate but not delayed hypersensitivity." Journal of Immunology 147, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.147.1.96.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Fungal infections of skin or nails are extremely common and often caused by dermatophyte fungi of the genus Trichophyton. These fungi are unusual in that they can give rise to delayed hypersensitivity (DH) or immediate hypersensitivity (IH) responses. Recently, IH to Trichophyton tonsurans has been demonstrated in patients by skin tests, serum IgE antibody test (RAST), and positive nasal and bronchial challenges. To further investigate the immunology of Trichophyton, a 30-kDa T. tonsurans allergen was isolated by gel filtration and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. This protein, Tri t I, gave a single band on SDS-PAGE, and the 30 amino-terminal amino acids have been determined. Among patients with positive IH skin tests, 34 of 48 (71%) had IgG antibody and 26 of 48 (54%) had IgE antibody to Tri t I. Among those who had positive responses to both skin tests and RAST, 22 of 30 (73%) had IgE antibodies to Tri t I; thus, this protein represents a major allergen. Twelve clones of murine IgG mAb antibodies were produced. Two clones, 2F2-F7 and 6B11-C2, were found to define separate epitopes on Tri t I and were used to develop an immunometric assay for the quantitation of Tri t I. Twenty-three of 38 volunteers with a history of athlete's foot were found to have either IH and/or DH to Trichophyton mix and underwent further testing with purified Tri t I. Of the nine found to have IH to the mix, eight were sensitive to Tri t I. Seven of these eight had IgG and IgE antibodies to Tri t I, by Ag-binding RIA, and all were RAST positive to the unpurified extract. An additional 14 had either DH alone (n = 7) or a wheal and flare response followed by DH at 48 h (n = 7). Of these 14 who had DH responses to Trichophyton mix, only one showed DH to an equivalent quantity of purified Tri t I; among this group, none showed IH or serum IgE antibodies and only one had detectable IgG antibody to Tri t I. The results suggest that the majority of subjects with DH to Trichophyton are responding to a protein other than Tri t I and that the wheal that precedes DH reactions is some patients is not associated with IgE antibodies.
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Riva, Giuseppe, Matteo Sensini, Andrea Corvino, Giancarlo Pecorari, and Massimiliano Garzaro. "Smell and Taste Impairment After Total Laryngectomy." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 126, no. 7 (May 16, 2017): 548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489417709794.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective: Aim of this observational study is the evaluation of olfactory and gustatory impairments in laryngectomized long-term survivors compared to control subjects. Correlation between smell and taste alterations, age, and previous adjuvant treatments in laryngectomees was investigated. Methods: Fifty control subjects and 50 patients who underwent total laryngectomy for advanced laryngeal carcinoma were evaluated. All subjects underwent symptoms evaluation, oropharyngeal exam, endoscopic fiberoptic nasal examination, and Taste Strips and Sniffin’ Sticks tests. Results: Hyposmia was reported by all laryngectomees and hypogeusia by 54% of patients. Sniffin’ Sticks and Taste Strips tests demonstrated a statistically significant difference between controls and laryngectomees regarding olfactory threshold, odor discrimination and identification, Threshold Discrimination Identification (TDI) score, and sour, salty, and gustatory Total Taste score ( P < .05). Multivariate analysis for Total Taste score in laryngectomees showed a statistically significant correlation with aging, having an odds ratio of 0.127 for age ≥65 years, but not with TDI score, radiotherapy, and follow-up time, whereas multivariate analysis for TDI score demonstrated no correlation with radiotherapy, age, and follow-up time. Conclusions: Total laryngectomy determines olfactory and gustatory impairments that should be taken into account in clinical practice. Relationships between sensorial alterations, aging, follow-up period, and adjuvant treatments should be further evaluated in prospective studies.
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Nelson, T. Connor, Lee Harrison, and Kristen L. Corbosiero. "Examination of the Expendable Digital Dropsonde–Derived Vertical Velocities from the Tropical Cyclone Intensity (TCI) Experiment." Monthly Weather Review 147, no. 7 (June 11, 2019): 2367–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-18-0414.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The newly developed expendable digital dropsonde (XDD) allows for high spatial and temporal resolution data collection in tropical cyclones (TCs). In 2015, a total of 725 XDDs were launched into Hurricanes Marty (27–28 September), Joaquin (2–5 October), and Patricia (20–23 October) as part of the Tropical Cyclone Intensity (TCI) experiment. These dropsondes were launched from a NASA WB-57 at altitudes above 18 km, capturing the full depth of the TCs to the tropopause. This study documents the vertical velocity distributions observed in TCI using the XDDs and examines the distributions altitudinally, radially, and azimuthally. The strongest mean or median XDD-derived vertical velocities observed during TCI occurred in the upper levels and within the cores of the three TCs. There was little azimuthal signal in the vertical velocity distribution, likely due to sampling asymmetries and noise in the data. Downdrafts were strongest in Joaquin, while updrafts were strongest in Patricia, especially within the eyewall on 23 October. Patricia also had an impressive low-level (<2 km) updraft that exceeded 10 m s−1 associated with a shallow, overturning, radial circulation in the secondary eyewall.
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Škvorc, Željko, Krunoslav Sever, Marko Bačurin, Vanja Zorić, and Lucija Lisica. "Funkcionalna diferencijacija provenijencija hrasta crnike na istočnoj obali Jadranskoga mora." Šumarski list 145, no. 9-10 (October 26, 2021): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31298/sl.145.9-10.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hrast crnika (Quercus ilex L.) je sredozemna vazdazelena vrsta drveća, koja na svom području pridolaska pokazuje veliku morfološku i funkcionalnu varijabilnost. Cilj ovoga rada bio je utvrditi postoji li diferencijacija hrasta crnike na klimatskom gradijentu istočne obale Jadranskoga mora (opisanom s prosječnom godišnjom količinom oborina, prosječnom količinom oborina tijekom ljetnog perioda i klimatskim deficitom vlage) s obzirom na funkcionalne značajke lišća (opisane sa specifičnom lisnom površinom, indeksom relativnog sadržaja ukupnih klorofila u lišću i stopom neto fotosinteze mjerene u lišću). Specifična lisna površina mjerena je na lišću uzorkovanom u tri provenijencije na prirodnom staništu te lišću uzorkovanom u pokusnom nasadu na mladim biljkama porijeklom iz tih istih provenijencija. U pokusnom nasadu mjeren je i indeks relativnog sadržaja ukupnih klorofila i stopa neto fotosinteze. Provenijencija Pula u odnosu na provenijencije Zadar i Bar ima veću specifičnu lisnu površinu te manji indeks relativnog sadržaja ukupnih klorofila i stopu neto fotosinteze. To potvrđuje prilagodbu provenijencije Pula na vlažnije stanište, a provenijencija Zadar i Bar na suše stanište te ujedno ukazuje na funkcionalnu diferencijaciju provenijencija hrasta crnike na istočnoj obali Jadranskoga mora s obzirom na klimatske prilike. Isti obrazac diferencijacije prema specifičnoj lisnoj površini u prirodnim sastojinama i pokusnom nasadu ukazuje na ekotipsku diferencijaciju istraživanih provenijencija. Prema tomu, hrast crnika mogao bi imati značajnu mogućnost funkcionalne prilagodbe na promijenjene klimatske uvjete.
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Dinnes, Carly R., and Karen Hux. "Perceptions About Writing by Adults With Moderate or Severe Traumatic Brain Injury." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 31, no. 2 (March 10, 2022): 838–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_ajslp-21-00212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose: Writing challenges can cause ongoing distress and limit resumption of pre-injury activities following traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, little TBI research or clinical practice addresses written communication. Understanding the writing perceptions and experiences of adults engaged in intensive, inpatient rehabilitation following hospital discharge for TBI is an initial step in addressing this situation. Method: Transcendental phenomenology served to structure this qualitative research. Six adults between 2 and 6 months post-TBI participated in a common experience of writing about a personal memorable event. Standardized test scores and symptom ratings provided descriptive information about participants. Additionally, participants completed the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and NASA Task Load Index and engaged in semistructured interviews to describe writing perceptions and experiences. Results: Data analysis revealed themes and subthemes about writing perceptions, challenges, and support strategies. Participants varied in their perceptions of post-injury writing changes. Test results revealed areas of challenge for all participants, but only half reported awareness of writing changes. Those aware of changes differed from other participants regarding word retrieval, memory, and concentration as well as overall effort expended, frustration, and performance quality. Although all participants relied on writing supports, only one had adjusted multiple writing strategies following injury. Conclusions: Some adults with TBI are aware of writing changes while receiving posthospital, inpatient rehabilitation services, but others deny such changes. This differs from reports concerning later recovery stages, perhaps because few functional writing opportunities arise during rehabilitation. Application of compensatory strategies specific to post-injury writing challenges is unlikely while awareness remains limited.
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El Mufti, Mohammed, Peter P. Plavchan, Howard Isaacson, Bryson L. Cale, Dax L. Feliz, Michael A. Reefe, Coel Hellier, et al. "TOI 560: Two Transiting Planets Orbiting a K Dwarf Validated with iSHELL, PFS, and HIRES RVs." Astronomical Journal 165, no. 1 (December 7, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac9834.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract We validate the presence of a two-planet system orbiting the 0.15–1.4 Gyr K4 dwarf TOI 560 (HD 73583). The system consists of an inner moderately eccentric transiting mini-Neptune (TOI 560 b, P = 6.3980661 − 0.0000097 + 0.0000095 days, e = 0.294 − 0.062 + 0.13 , M = 0.94 − 0.23 + 0.31 M Nep ) initially discovered in the Sector 8 Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission observations, and a transiting mini-Neptune (TOI 560 c, P = 18.8805 − 0.0011 + 0.0024 days, M = 1.32 − 0.32 + 0.29 M Nep ) discovered in the Sector 34 observations, in a rare near-1:3 orbital resonance. We utilize photometric data from TESS Spitzer, and ground-based follow-up observations to confirm the ephemerides and period of the transiting planets, vet false-positive scenarios, and detect the photoeccentric effect for TOI 560 b. We obtain follow-up spectroscopy and corresponding precise radial velocities (RVs) with the iSHELL spectrograph at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility and the HIRES Spectrograph at Keck Observatory to validate the planetary nature of these signals, which we combine with published Planet Finder Spectrograph RVs from the Magellan Observatory. We detect the masses of both planets at >3σ significance. We apply a Gaussian process (GP) model to the TESS light curves to place priors on a chromatic RV GP model to constrain the stellar activity of the TOI 560 host star, and confirm a strong wavelength dependence for the stellar activity demonstrating the ability of near-IR RVs to mitigate stellar activity for young K dwarfs. TOI 560 is a nearby moderately young multiplanet system with two planets suitable for atmospheric characterization with the James Webb Space Telescope and other upcoming missions. In particular, it will undergo six transit pairs separated by <6 hr before 2027 June.
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Freiherr, Greg. "Back to the Sound Barrier." Mechanical Engineering 138, no. 03 (March 1, 2016): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2016-mar-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article explores efforts that are being put into developing a business jet called AS2 and various challenges in developing the same. Aerion’s 12-seat tri-engine AS2, unveiled in spring 2014, is designed to have a range up to 5000 nautical miles; reach 51,000 feet; and cruise at speeds between Mach 1.2 and Mach 1.6. About the time it is ready to fly commercially, possibly as early as 2023, the market could support annual sales of 30 supersonic business jets. NASA and Lockheed Martin have been exploring a variety of options for quieting sonic booms. In its Strategic Implementation Plan, released in 2015, NASA states that ‘the viability of commercial supersonic service depends on permissible supersonic flight over land.’ It is however noted that the success of the next generation of supersonic transport will ultimately come down to economics. Prospective buyers of supersonic business jets will include corporations and ultra-high net worth individuals.
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Stocker, E. F., F. Alquaied, S. Bilanow, Y. Ji, and L. Jones. "TRMM Version 8 Reprocessing Improvements and Incorporation into the GPM Data Suite." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 35, no. 6 (June 2018): 1181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-17-0166.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has always included data reprocessing as a major component of every science mission. A final reprocessing is typically a part of mission closeout (known as phase F). The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) is currently in phase F, and NASA is preparing for the last reprocessing of all the TRMM precipitation data as part of the closeout. This reprocessing includes improvements in calibration of both the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and the TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR). An initial step in the version 8 reprocessing is the improvement of geolocation. The PR calibration is being updated by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) using data collected as part of the calibration of the Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) on the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory. JAXA undertook a major effort to ensure TRMM PR and GPM Ku-band calibration is consistent.A major component of the TRMM version 8 reprocessing is to create consistent retrievals with the GPM version 05 (V05) retrievals. To this end, the TRMM version 8 reprocessing uses retrieval algorithms based on the GPM V05 algorithms. This approach ensures consistent retrievals from December 1997 (the beginning of TRMM) through the current ongoing GPM retrievals. An outcome of this reprocessing is the incorporation of TRMM data products into the GPM data suite. Incorporation also means that GPM file naming conventions and reprocessed TRMM data carry the V05 data product version. This paper describes the TRMM version 8 reprocessing, focusing on the improvements in TMI level 1 products.
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Bhola, Nitin, Anendd Jadhav, Atul Kala, Rahul Deshmukh, Umesh Bhutekar, and G. S. V. Prasad. "Anterior Submandibular Approach for Transmylohyoid Endotracheal Intubation: A Reappraisal with Prospective Study in 206 Cases of Craniomaxillofacial Fractures." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 10, no. 4 (December 2017): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607063.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Despite a paradigm shift in anesthesia and trauma airway management, the craniomaxillofacial fracture (CMF) patients continue to pose a challenge. A prospective study was planned between April 2007 and March 2015 to investigate the safety, efficacy, utility, and complications of anterior submandibular approach for transmylohyoid intubation (TMI) in CMFs using an armored endotracheal tube (ETT). Out of 1,207 maxillofacial trauma cases reported, this study recruited 206 patients (152 males and 54 females) aged between 21 and 60 years. No episode of oxygen desaturation was noted intraoperatively. Mean time to perform TMI was 6 ± 2 minutes. The mean transmylohyoid ETT withdrawal time/disconnection time from ventilator was approximately 1.5 minutes. Accidental partial extubation of ETT was noted in two patients (0.97%), and three patients (1.45%) developed abscess formations at anterior submandibular site which were managed by incision and drainage. The anterior submandibular approach for TMI was successfully used and provided stable airway in all elective CMF surgery cases, where oral or nasal intubations were not indicated/feasible and long-term ventilation support was not required. It permitted simultaneous dental occlusion-guided reduction and fixation of all the facial fractures without interference from the tube during the surgery with unhindered maintenance of the anesthesia and airway. The advantages include easy, swift, efficient, and reliable approach with a small learning curve.
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Jing, Xianwen, Xianglei Huang, Xiuhong Chen, Dong L. Wu, Peter Pilewskie, Odele Coddington, and Erik Richard. "Direct Influence of Solar Spectral Irradiance on the High-Latitude Surface Climate." Journal of Climate 34, no. 10 (May 2021): 4145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0743.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractNot only total solar irradiance (TSI) but also spectral solar irradiance (SSI) matter for our climate. Different surfaces can have different reflectivity for the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR). The recent NASA Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance Sensor (TSIS-1) mission has provided more accurate SSI observations than before. The TSI observed by TSIS-1 differs from the counterpart used by climate models by no more than 1 W m−2. However, the SSI difference in a given VIS (e.g., 0.44–0.63 μm) and NIR (e.g., 0.78–1.24 μm) band can be as large as 4 W m−2 with opposite signs. Using the NCAR CESM2, we study to what extent such different VIS and NIR SSI partitions can affect the simulated climate. Two sets of simulations with identical TSI are carried out, one with SSI partitioning as observed by the TSIS-1 mission and the other with what has been used in the current climate models. Due to different VIS-NIR spectral reflectance contrasts between icy (or snowy) surfaces and open water, the simulation with more SSI in the VIS has less solar absorption by the high-latitude surfaces, ending up with colder polar surface temperature and larger sea ice coverage. The difference is more prominent over the Antarctic than over the Arctic. Our results suggest that, even for the identical TSI, the surface albedo feedback can be triggered by different SSI partition between the VIS and NIR. The results underscore the importance of continuously monitoring SSI and the use of correct SSI in climate simulations.
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Wolff, David B., D. A. Marks, E. Amitai, D. S. Silberstein, B. L. Fisher, A. Tokay, J. Wang, and J. L. Pippitt. "Ground Validation for the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 22, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 365–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech1700.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract An overview of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Ground Validation (GV) Program is presented. This ground validation (GV) program is based at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, and is responsible for processing several TRMM science products for validating space-based rain estimates from the TRMM satellite. These products include gauge rain rates, and radar-estimated rain intensities, type, and accumulations, from four primary validation sites (Kwajalein Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands; Melbourne, Florida; Houston, Texas; and Darwin, Australia). Site descriptions of rain gauge networks and operational weather radar configurations are presented together with the unique processing methodologies employed within the Ground Validation System (GVS) software packages. Rainfall intensity estimates are derived using the Window Probability Matching Method (WPMM) and then integrated over specified time scales. Error statistics from both dependent and independent validation techniques show good agreement between gauge-measured and radar-estimated rainfall. A comparison of the NASA GV products and those developed independently by the University of Washington for a subset of data from the Kwajalein Atoll site also shows good agreement. A comparison of NASA GV rain intensities to satellite retrievals from the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI), precipitation radar (PR), and Combined (COM) algorithms is presented, and it is shown that the GV and satellite estimates agree quite well over the open ocean.
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Ahmadi, Ahmadi, Okol Sri Suharyo, Arimbo Arimbo, and Aab Abdul Wahab. "ALLOCATION OF MARITIME TASK FORCE PERSONNEL UNIFIL CONTINGEN BASED ON ANALYSIS WORK LOADS." JOURNAL ASRO 10, no. 2 (July 22, 2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37875/asro.v10i2.112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The workload of an organization is related to the efficient and effective utilization of human resources so that it can realize the vision, mission and objectives of the organization. Various methods are used to optimize the number of personnel in an organization, so that each task can be completed effectively and efficiently. KRI Diponegoro-365 personnel as the TNI Maritime Task Force, the Garuda Contingent can not be separated from the problems regarding the lack of conformity to workload with the allocation of the number of available personnel. To overcome this, an analysis of workload measurement is needed which can then be used for determine the allocation of the right number of personnel needed in each division. This study uses the measurement of NASA-TLX mental workload and physical workload according to TNI Roles. Both of these methods are then compared between mental and physical burden that occurs. From the results of the comparison, it was found that physical workload is needed in the completion of tasks in each division. After a comparison, then the determination of the allocation of the number of personnel will be carried out using the physical workload approach based on the description of the tasks in each division. The results of the calculation will then show the division that has excess or lack of personnel. The overall results obtained from this study can be concluded that the number of maritime task force personnel using the Diponegoro class KRI is appropriate, but the allocation of personnel in each division needs to adjust to the existing workload.
Keywords: Workload, NASA-TLX (Task Load Index), Number of Military Personnel
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Qulub, Siti Tatmainul, and Ahmad Munif. "Rancangan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Ponorogo Tentang Larangan Perceraian Bagi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Perspektif Hukum Islam." Al-Daulah: Jurnal Hukum dan Perundangan Islam 7, no. 1 (September 19, 2017): 57–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/ad.2017.7.1.57-86.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: Since 2015 the regency of Ponorogo planned to issue a bylaw which prevent indonesian migrant workers who work overseas to divorce. The plan included the prohibition against lawyers to represent migrant workers in divorce cases. The consideration of the bill is the prevalent cases of divorce among migrant workers in the regency. As a regency with a large number of migrant workers, the regulation is expected to mitigate social problems caused by high divorce rate. This is in accordance with the principle of maslahah (welfare) since it will guarantee the protection of family which is one of five basic protection in the concept of maqasid al-shari’ah (the purpose of islamic law). Therefore, the plan should be supported and implemented. In addition, intensive family councelling should be initiated for workers prior and after working overseas.
Abstrak: Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Ponorogo berinisiatif mengeluarkan Peraturan Daerah tentang Larangan Perceraian bagi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) yang berada di luar negeri. Perda tersebut hingga saat ini masih belum disahkan dan ditetapkan, padahal Perda ini telah dibahas dan digodok dari sejak tahun 2015. Inisiasi dari Perda ini berangkat permasalahan tingginya kasus perceraian TKI di Kabupaten Ponorogo, di mana Ponorogo merupakan salah satu pemasok TKI yang besar di Jawa Timur. Dampak negatif dari profesi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia diantaranya adalah perceraian. Dengan mempertimbangkan urgensi dan kemaslahatan yang ditaksirkan dapat meminimalisasi terjadinya perceraian di Ponorogo, sebaiknya Perda tersebut segera disahkan dan ditetapkan agar dampaknya dapat segera dirasakan oleh masyarakat. Hal ini sejalan dengan tujuan hukum Islam yang terumuskan dalam al-kulliyyât al-khamsah, yaitu: hifzh al-dîn, hifzh al-nafs, hifzh al-‘aql, hifzh al-nasab dan hifzh al-mâl. Di samping Perda, perlu peraturan lain tentang tidak diperbolehkannya mewakilkan proses perceraian kepada pengacara untuk meminimalisasi perceraian di Ponorogo. Selain itu, upaya penyuluhan juga perlu dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Daerah bagi TKI, baik pra maupun pasca pemberangkatan TKI ke luar negeri.
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Reefe, Michael A., Rafael Luque, Eric Gaidos, Corey Beard, Peter P. Plavchan, Marion Cointepas, Bryson L. Cale, et al. "A Close-in Puffy Neptune with Hidden Friends: The Enigma of TOI 620." Astronomical Journal 163, no. 6 (May 16, 2022): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac658b.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract We present the validation of a transiting low-density exoplanet orbiting the M2.5 dwarf TOI 620 discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. We utilize photometric data from both TESS and ground-based follow-up observations to validate the ephemerides of the 5.09 day transiting signal and vet false-positive scenarios. High-contrast imaging data are used to resolve the stellar host and exclude stellar companions at separations ≳0.″2. We obtain follow-up spectroscopy and corresponding precise radial velocities (RVs) with multiple precision radial velocity (PRV) spectrographs to confirm the planetary nature of the transiting exoplanet. We calculate a 5σ upper limit of M P < 7.1 M ⊕ and ρ P < 0.74 g cm−3, and we identify a nontransiting 17.7 day candidate. We also find evidence for a substellar (1–20 M J ) companion with a projected separation ≲20 au from a combined analysis of Gaia, adaptive optics imaging, and RVs. With the discovery of this outer companion, we carry out a detailed exploration of the possibilities that TOI 620 b might instead be a circum-secondary planet or a pair of eclipsing binary stars orbiting the host in a hierarchical triple system. We find, under scrutiny, that we can exclude both of these scenarios from the multiwavelength transit photometry, thus validating TOI 620 b as a low-density exoplanet transiting the central star in this system. The low density of TOI 620 b makes it one of the most amenable exoplanets for atmospheric characterization, such as with the James Webb Space Telescope and Ariel, validated or confirmed by the TESS mission to date.
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Akharawatthanakun, Phinnarat. "Contact-Induced Vowel Variation: A Case Study of the Short High Vowels /i/ and /u/ in CVN Syllables in Lue and Khün." MANUSYA 14, no. 2 (2011): 53–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01402004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the variation in the two short high vowels /i/ and /u/ occurring in live syllables ending with final nasal consonants (CVN) in two Southwestern Tai (SWT) dialects: Lue and Khün, respectively spoken in the villages of Nong Bua and Nong Muang in Pa Kha Subdistrict, Tha Wang Pha District, in Nan Province. The data were collected from Lue and Khün language resource persons (LRPs) in three age groups, an elderly group (60 years old and above), a middle-aged group (35–50 years old), and a young group (15–25 years old), with five LRPs in each age group. The data analyzed for this paper come from a total of 30 LRPs (5 LRPs × 3 age groups × 2 SWT dialects).