Дисертації з теми "Travail précaire – Sociologie"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-33 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Travail précaire – Sociologie".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Charles, Charlène. "Un travail social précaire ? Travail atypique et dégradation des conditions d'exercice dans le secteur socio-éducatif." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC164.
The purpose of my thesis is to assess the consequences of the rapidly expanding use of private companies, e.g. temporary employment agencies, in an area – child welfare – that hitherto had always been not-for-profit. Confronted with the externalisation and outsourcing of public services, the thesis proposes a joint analysis of the transformations of social work and the new forms of employment. In child welfare centres, the hiring of less-well-trained personnel on lower pay, or the recruitment of temp workers, freelancers or staff on short-term contracts, reveals a number of contradictions about the true nature of social work consisting, for one thing, in limiting the precarious situation of beneficiaries. Based on a four-year ethnographic survey comprising interviews with persons ranging from child welfare staff to managers and heads of social structures, combined with the observations made as a specialised child educator in two child welfare centres, this research examines the phenomenon of the casualization of employment affecting in tandem, but not symmetrically, both the children in need of support and social workers. At the crossroads of the sociology of social work, employment and social relations, the thesis presents, 1) the new ways of managing employment that are taking root as part of a general reconfiguration of social policies and 2), an analysis of the work of social services seen through the prism of the new forms of employment referred to above
Paul, Sébastien. "Travail et vie précaire : typologie des difficultés d'insertion des jeunes sans qualification." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00816441.
Pilmis, Olivier. "L'organisation de marchés incertains : sociologie économique des mondes de la pige et de l'art dramatique." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0110.
The purpose of the thesis is to examine market organization processes in a context of high-Ievel uncertainty and ambiguities on the nature of exchanged goods. Such "uncertain" markets are said to have brought the idealtype of fordist labor exchange to an end and replaced it by brief and fleeting relations with multiple employers. The cases of French "intermittent" actors and free-lance journalists are here investigated in order to question this hypothesis. Economic sociology provides tools to carry out the analysis of these professional worlds. Eventually, the examination of markets through the lens of exchange relationships is proved relevant. These relations first reflect market structures. The attempts to perform their social constructions, with various outcomes in these worlds, reveals patterns of segmentation-related market organizations. Temporalities of exchange relations may also be understood with reference to the position employers hold in a system of linked markets and to the degree of confusion regarding the nature of exchanged goods -either labour or products. Exchange relations also shape markets. Especially, uncertain markets host at least two relations regimes and the more individuals are committed in recurrent relationships, the more competitive constraints loosen: predictability and organizations are then brought into individual activity. By blurring the boundaries between organizations and markets and making their structure more complex, the existence of such an expected relations regime also raises questions about the very market structures and complicates the design of market segmentation
Brugière, Fabien. "Sous les avions, la “piste” : sociologie des ouvriers de l’assistance aéroportuaire confrontés à la modernisation du travail." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100171.
This research aims at analyzing, based on the case of the ramp handling workers on Paris airports, the process of work rationalization which transforms work and employment regulations in two, apparently opposed, directions:1/ a deregulating motion, initiated by air transport liberalization policies, fragments the market structures through outsourcing ground handling services and destabilizes professional groups. The progress of insecure employment and competitive workforce management within ramp handling firms divides the work group and undermine its informal regulations. 2/ a regulatory fallout, first defined by the increase of the managerial control on work on security issues, to ensure risk prevention and workers discipline, and on industrial issues, to implement just in time production and quality management. Informal agreements and loyalties are formed between workers and supervisors to compensate work intensification and job insecurity. New models of solidarities at work of ethnic, generational and positional natures emerged in the context of the decline of the traditional professional culture. We will then defend the following argument: in the liberalized and outsourced sector of ground handling services, the management of the workforce evolved towards a higher degree of competition between employees reflecting the market pressure. So as to prevent the counter-productive effects of this human resources model and to ensure good service quality to the airline companies, managers redefine a more constraining set of work rules based on individual responsibility. Within this context, ramp agents manage to hold on at work by means of psychological defenses, ethnic bonding and informal loyalties with the supervisory staff, but at the price of individual sufferings and the fragmentation of the work group and its regulations
Caveng, Rémy. "Un salariat libéral : les vacataires des instituts de sondages : sociologie d'un marché du travail dérégulé." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0073.
Many of the employees of institutes of surveys are under fixed term contracts but contract instability doesn't means employment instability. On the contrary, logics tending to the stabilization. Implicit and asymmetrical contracts are set up between the temporary contractors and their managers. For temporary employees, the best way to strengthen their position is to acquire various competences in order to increase their employability. Although stressful and demanding, because it implies a permanent investment the status of the temporary employee makes it possible to control one's commitments and to set up priorities between the different times of everyday life. Nevertheless, depending on the assets and the social paths of the agents, we can distinguish different degrees of adjustments, and social uses of this status that are more or less successful because the very low involvement into the pollster's work and the management of such a career imply specific qualities
Cardon, Vincent. "Une vie à l'affiche : sociologie du vieillissement en emploi des artistes interprètes." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0026.
In this dissertation, the professional ageing of performing artists is analysed as a biographical process initiated till the very first steps on the labour market. The spectacular inter-individual inequalities of success observed in those worlds could suggest the professional trajectories on this external labour market are basically unstructured. On the contrary, I show that those project-based careers obey strong regularities. The demonstration relies on a scale variation implying the analyse of the labour market, of the social protection system and of the organization of production in those worlds and on the use of quantitative (longitudinal) methods, crossed with more than 75 interviews, and the ethnographic observation of the role of talent agents and casting directors in the structuring of the feature film labour market. A particular focus is made on the retirement issue. I aim to analyse the implications of the lack of articulation between the retirement system artists pertain and their derogatory unemployment system that is used by them as a flexicurity device. The case of performing artists is a good methodological entry on the long term consequences of stabilized precariousness
Kornig, Cathel. "La fidélisation des intérimaires permanents : une stabiblité négociée." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0070.
Temporary work appeared in France in the 1950s and developed in an exponential manner. In its establishment in a French setting, this type of employment is characterized as the 'epitime of precariousness'. 'Temporary' workers compound instability with relation to work, to career and to employer. However, 20 % of temporary employees wish to remain in temporary employment. Why does this minority choose precariousness ? The analysis of the interaction between the strategies of employers and the working conditions of temporary employees highlights a differential management of interim employees. Two types coexist : mass intern employees and individualized interim employees. The interests of companies and permanent temporary employees forge a particular employment relationship which makes it possible to explain this choice by the interim employee and to reconsider the bond hitherto established between precariousness of employment and short term contracts
Bauvet, Sébastien. "L'emploi de l'insécurité : fonctions sociales et expériences professionnelles des travailleurs de la sécurité privée en France." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0085.
Focusing on the joint analysis of security trends and the casualization of labor and employment, this thesis studies an increasingly visible but yet still little known professional group: private security workers. In exploring the symbolic and material construction of the group, it shows a paradox between rising power of the sector and the lack of recognition of employees. This is explained by the poor public perception of this type of position, and the consequences of outsourcing to maximize the economic and social benefit for employers and contractors to the detriment of job security and the valorization of the work of employees. There is also evidence that recruitment is essentially based on default orientation and the urgency of securing work. The prior experience of social ruptures and the conditions of "social insecurity" here feed a disposition to accept great responsibilities and to face "civil insecurity" : this is an essential aspect of the meaning of working in insecurity. Recruiting in the vulnerable categories of society (in terms of social and/or ethno-national background), the group does not tend to form workers' collectives. The struggle against uncertainty and the search for recognition occurs at the margins of the security ideology, through the mobilization of resources acquired in previous employment or education. Thus, the plasticity of the manner in which the private security workers' group handles its functions corresponds to the implicit features of the intensification of societies of control
Brugière, Fabien. "Sous les avions, la “piste” : sociologie des ouvriers de l’assistance aéroportuaire confrontés à la modernisation du travail." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100171.
This research aims at analyzing, based on the case of the ramp handling workers on Paris airports, the process of work rationalization which transforms work and employment regulations in two, apparently opposed, directions:1/ a deregulating motion, initiated by air transport liberalization policies, fragments the market structures through outsourcing ground handling services and destabilizes professional groups. The progress of insecure employment and competitive workforce management within ramp handling firms divides the work group and undermine its informal regulations. 2/ a regulatory fallout, first defined by the increase of the managerial control on work on security issues, to ensure risk prevention and workers discipline, and on industrial issues, to implement just in time production and quality management. Informal agreements and loyalties are formed between workers and supervisors to compensate work intensification and job insecurity. New models of solidarities at work of ethnic, generational and positional natures emerged in the context of the decline of the traditional professional culture. We will then defend the following argument: in the liberalized and outsourced sector of ground handling services, the management of the workforce evolved towards a higher degree of competition between employees reflecting the market pressure. So as to prevent the counter-productive effects of this human resources model and to ensure good service quality to the airline companies, managers redefine a more constraining set of work rules based on individual responsibility. Within this context, ramp agents manage to hold on at work by means of psychological defenses, ethnic bonding and informal loyalties with the supervisory staff, but at the price of individual sufferings and the fragmentation of the work group and its regulations
Bouchareb, Rachid. "Statut au travail infériorisé et conflictualité salariale: des employé-e-s de boutiques en France en Belgique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210604.
Titre en Anglais
Inferiorized work status and “salarial” conflict. Store employees in France and Belgium
RESUMÉ DE LA THÈSE EN ANGLAIS
Our dissertation aimed at showing the links between the strengthening of the establishment of hierarchy at work and the modes of resistance to a subaltern status. We studied a constantly renewing working space in France and Belgium: retail trade stores (ready-to-wear). Sociology works on the increasing lack of job security rarely investigated the work relations in these particular types of structures, in which the limited number of employees is a deciding characteristic, in particular young women. The passage from an independent trade to a rationalized « mass stores » trade lead to a transformation of the framing conditions. There has been a change from the small boss to the salaried manager. This new and invisible relation to the employer leads to a renewal of the modes of domination now based more on the market competition justifying a temporal and space flexibility, and permanent. The comparative observation of the situations of employees in France and Belgium allowed us to shed light on shared social processes of resistance to the store discipline, which take different shapes depending on the experience and the modes of reciprocal exchange at work. The development of the conflict process ensues from two dynamics of socialization ;one is an individual one that leads to a capacity to claim rights ;and one is an intersubjective, producing a representation of possible social act to the precarious status.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Mensitieri, Giulia. ""La chance d'être là" : le travail dans la mode entre glamour et précarité." Doctoral thesis, EHESS, Paris, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/265409.
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Mensitieri, Giulia. ""La chance d'être là" : le travail dans la mode entre glamour et précarité." Doctoral thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0703.
This thesis explores forms of precarity in contemporary capitalism trhough an examination of the fashion world. Through an ethnographic study mong "immaterial" workers in Paris and Brussels (stylists, models, photographers, designers, jopurnalists, makeup artists, and so on), I explore the fashion system by analyzing global circulation of imaginaries, products and workers, as well as productions of subjectivities and the modes of subjugation that are proper to this industry. The restructuring of capitalism of the last half century has made fashion "the dream", namely the ideal projection of capitalist imaginaries, but also a desirable perspective for the subjectivities that capitalism itself produces. The thesis demonstratets that in fashion, imaginary and material production are closely intertwined. In addition, the economies of fashion are based on the rule that the most valued professional services are the least remunerated. The prestige and the symbolic power conferred by the fact of "being there", in fashion, are inseparable from a certain degree of domination and precarity. Going beyond the imaginaries of exceptionality showcased by fashion, it appears from the investigation that the workers themselves combine entrepreneurial spitrit, acceptance and normalisation of domination, and precarity. As in many other sectors of neoliberal production, subjectivity is used in fashion both for the creative component of the work, as well as for managing one's body, emotions, and relationships
Snape, Marine. "Une insertion par le jobbing ? : du travail de plateforme aux usages sociaux d'un petit boulot." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023EHES0103.
This thesis delves into the world of peer-to-peer service platforms, commonly known as "jobbing", with a specific focus on Jobbycat, a company that promotes independent work within the social and solidarity economy sector.Our research is built on the premise that to truly understand why individuals engage in platform-based activities, it's crucial to examine both individual journeys and the organizational context. Platform work is often perceived as a form of "odd jobs" or temporary employment, characterized by its unpredictability, short-term nature, and modest income. However, the jobbers we've had the opportunity to interact with convey a positive narrative about these activities, highlighting the flexibility, independence, and spirit of collaboration that they offer. To explore the role of these platforms in shaping work dynamics and the way participants perceive work, we've adopted a three-part, case-by-case approach.The first part of our thesis delves into the various interpretations of the term jobbing and outlines the methodology we've employed, emphasizing the unique aspects of our case and our approach to fieldwork. This section illustrates how the diversity of sectors and services associated with jobbing presents not only practical challenges for researchers but also fosters the use of intentionally vague and all-encompassing definitions of what constitutes jobbing. This flexibility allows participants to draw on a range of theoretical frameworks and attract a broader base of involvement. Diverse justifications offered by these platforms serve to expand the boundaries of work, effectively legitimizing sporadic and often overlooked tasks as legitimate sources of income.The second part of our study is grounded in observations made within the platform itself and spotlights the tangible work undertaken by Jobbycat's employees. It also delves into how the consent of participants is cultivated and structured within the organization. This section underscores the platform's knack for valuing task-specific work by integrating the status of "micro-entrepreneurs" into an integration process. This is achieved by promoting a brand of social and solidarity-based platform capitalism, which we analyze as a way to disguise market relationship under a "social and solidarity" fashion, that blend autonomy and control. Additionally, this section underscores how this platform fits into the broader trend of privatizing job placement and integration.The third part of our thesis relies on roughly forty biographical interviews conducted with jobbers. These interviews shed light on the participants' perceptions and experiences through the lens of three forms of jobbing: accumulation, disruption, and exclusion. It also underscores the professional expectations that arise from this activity while highlighting the gender and class disparities that persist. Our study reveals that engagement in jobbing is motivated by a yearning for daily independence, all while underscoring the crucial role of salaried employment in jobbers' life journeys. This role influences them to engage, persevere, or ultimately step away from the world of jobbing. Our ethnographic inquiry led us to meet individuals who wear multiple hats, plural workers for whom participating in platform activities adds to pre-existing income, jobs or employment status. To elucidate these diverse mechanisms, we propose broadening the concept of pluri-activity in favor of the concept of plural work.In conclusion, our work casts light on how platform participants, jobbers, and institutions embrace this model in an era of increasingly intricate individual journeys, the blending of multiple jobs, and the intertwining of various employment statuses, all within the grey areas of employment and work
Veilleux, Dominic. "Éducation et emploi : de l'inégalité à l'égalité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30148/30148.pdf.
Summa, Romano. "Une nouvelle littérature du travail en Italie au XXIe siècle : un engagement pour une éthique de la terre et des relations humaines »." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30082.
Our thesis explores the connection between literary creation and work in the 2000’s. It is a very topical research field: the last few years have been full of books focused on the professional world; that’s why critics spoke of “a new work literature in Italy”, after the “Italian industrial literature” of the Fifties and the Sixties. It deals with literary works describing realistically the socio-economic transformations of our time: the aggressive neo-capitalist economy, imposed on the entire world which threatens to get rid of the cultural differences; the technological revolution, which has drastically reduced time and cost of production, provoking further an increase in the unemployment rate; newly poor try to dissolve into the developed countries and, in some cases, they are victims of new forms of discrimination and slavery; in the job market reign precariousness and flexibility, so the current workers are affected by an abiding feeling of risk. At the same time, the activities of some companies are having a worrying effect on the natural environment. Contemporary writers have denounced that these mutations are on the basis of widespread overproduction logic in our society that endangers the environment and human rights. They then develop innovative forms of hybrid writings, through which they aim to establish a new ethic of the earth and human relations
Doré, Antoine. "Le métier d’auteur dramatique : travail créateur, carrières, marché des textes." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0079.
The thesis considers and explores dramatic writing as a profession belonging both to the creative writing and performing arts sectors rather than as a literary genre, nor as a mere cultural practice. Despite the complexity characterising the skills range of playwrights, studying their creative process reveals common practices and shared methodologies. The study of individual careers shows that besides writing, the majority of French playwrights also work as stage directors, actors and/or have another professional activity providing them with an income more regular than copyright fees and royalties. Therefore when evaluating the level of integration of the playwright as a professional into the art worlds, it is key to recognise the importance of recognition over income. This work attempts to identify the regulation modes and underlying logics in plays selection process by the publishers, by the reading committees and by the main segments of theatre production market (subsidised theatres, independent theatre companies, commercial theatres, non professional groups). This research is based on a series of 150 personal interviews with playwrights and professionals based in France and in Europe as well as on the constitution and statistical analysis of several demographic and economic databases (SACD database, Electre database, Didascalies database, reading committees directory)
Laalai, Fériel. "Nouvelle économie et contrôle de l'emploi: l'inspection du travail face à la conciliation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210463.
Dés lors, conçu pour les grandes industries, le droit du travail a pu croître et embellir pendant les trente Glorieuses, porté par une croissance économique sans précédent et structuré sur le modèle de la révolution industrielle, l’univers du travail s’étant trouvé modifié en profondeur.
Seulement, ce bon vieux temps est révolu :actuellement les entreprises se restructurent profondément et un fort courant d’internationalisation des marchés et de mutations techniques et technologiques ont ébranlé les acquits sociaux :Ainsi, précarité, contrat de sous-traitance, externalisation de la main d’œuvre sont désormais les contraintes majeures qu’il faut prendre en compte pour déterminer les relations de travail.
Au cœur de ses déconvenues se trouve l’inspection du travail et les lois organisant les relations professionnelles qui ne peuvent se définir que par rapport à une réalité, laquelle dépend des intérêts des employés et de la régulation des mécanismes du marché.
Dans cette perspective, l’amélioration du sort des hommes au travail apparait ainsi comme un effet naturel de la croissance économique et de l’application effective de cette législation sociale.
Partant de ce constat, c’est d’une réflexion portant sur le lien existant entre le développement progressif du droit du travail et le concept de contrôle et de conciliation dont il sera question dans le cadre de notre thèse.
En effet, face à la régulation des rapports sociaux, principalement dans les rapports entre employeurs et salariés, l’inspection du travail en Tunisie, s’est forgé progressivement une identité forte de considération car débordant le domaine de la protection ouvrière au sens étroit du terme, son rôle qui puise sa source dans le caractère généraliste de cette institution, va en dépasser la structure. Elle ne peut pas ne pas toucher à l’application concrète de la règle, et par conséquent au rôle de l’inspecteur du travail, acteur clé de l’exécution de ses lois.
A ses missions traditionnelles, 1'exigence de la paix sociale en Tunisie ajoutait celle, toute nouvelle, de rapprocher les parties sur le terrain, en essayant de convertir au droit les plus sceptiques et de hâter l’intégration du syndicat dans la stratégie de développement.
Avec un effort de consolidation de quelques années, plus précisément depuis 1976, l’inspection tunisienne du travail intervient dans un champ particulier dans le domaine de conciliation.
Cette institution deviendra l’un des rouages essentiels de la pacification sociale. Tel un coupe-circuit empêchant la solidarité base de la paix sociale de disjoncter, elle sera tout à la fois le reflet des insuffisances des pouvoirs publics et celui des revendications ouvrières.
Chose étrange, 1'Inspection ne trouvera pourtant que fort peu d'appui hors de son sein, comme si la nature même de sa mission sociale 1'exposait sans défense aux critiques les plus virulentes.
Les nombreux problèmes et dysfonctionnement que connaît actuellement l’inspection du travail, certains sont fort anciens, notamment ceux liés à l’insuffisance de moyens face à l’élargissement des prérogatives, aux réalités rencontrées surtout que ces fonctions sont indissociables de l’action de l’Inspection du travail et d’autres problèmes de fond lié à un dysfonctionnement organisationnel ou un malaise latent inhérent selon certains à l’évolution des missions de l’inspection du travail. Dans cette perspective le problème s’accentue davantage puisque la définition du champ d’intervention de l’inspection du travail, de son rôle bascule entre deux fonctions.
La première fonction est le contrôle qui témoigne plutôt, d'une conception généraliste la seconde concerne la conciliation exprimant une extension des missions et caractérise 1'essor autour d’un consensus que l’Etat veut imprimer sur les relations du travail. Cependant, si le rôle de l’inspecteur du travail avait acquis une crédibilité certaine par ses attributions de contrôleur en lui permettant de préserver sa légitimité institutionnelle, la situation est tout autre aujourd’hui :l’histoire se renouvelle et on va reprocher à l’inspecteur de porter une vision de la société étriquée et plutôt traditionnelle.
Ainsi, l’étendue des prérogatives confiées à l’inspecteur dans la conciliation et le conseil le place dans une position stratégique car ne se limitant plus à normaliser les dispositifs des relations professionnelles ou à promouvoir les démarches globales de contrôle, mais plutôt à accompagner et à anticiper les évolutions des relations professionnelles.
L'examen du fonctionnement de l’inspection du travail, avec la prise en compte des caractéristiques du métier de l’inspecteur du travail et de sa composition, nous permettra de mettre l’accent sur le degré d’adaptation et d’efficacité de cette institution, caractérisant fondamentalement le rôle que l’Etat entend jouer dans la régulation des rapports sociaux et principalement dans les rapports entre employeurs et salariés.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sciences du travail
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Chauvin, Sébastien. "Intérim industriel et mouvements de journaliers à Chicago." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0094.
Participant observation of Chicago-area light industrial staffing agencies emphasizes several functions of these institutions including: allowing employers to hire unauthorized migrants without assuming legal risk, keeping a permanent pool of available workers through their spatial retention, and transporting an ethnically subaltern workforce from the inner city neighborhoods where they live to the suburbs where many factories have settled. The economic stake is then less the employment relationship's casualness in itself than the control over working class mobility throughout the unskilled labor market. The existence of informal carriers by permanent day laborers within client factories points to a paternalistic pattern of workforce mobilization and retention. The social movements created to improve the industry are themselves part and parcel of a broader process of institutional intermediation of the unskilled labor market in the United States
Roux, Nicolas. "Un emploi discontinu soutenable ? Trajectoires sociales de saisonniers agricoles et d'artistes du spectacle." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1143/document.
The sociological analysis of the precariousness fluctuates between disaffiliation risk and alternative to the dominant employment norm. In order to contribute to the debate, this thesis captures this ambivalence by developing an original issue: the “sustainability” of discontinuous employment, in both meaning of what is bearable and what is defensible. The contrasting cases of agricultural seasonal workers and performing artists are compared by means of a biographical and longitudinal survey tracking down their social trajectories. The first part rebuilds the space of possibilities structuring the objective paths of the respondents. On one side, a flexible and relatively invisible agricultural wage-earners keeps theseasonal workers, mainly from the working class, in a precariousness-poverty condition. On the other side, the artists,mainly from the middle and superior classes, politically gather for the defense of the intermittence of the performing arts, implying the possibility of autonomous wages. Then, this disparity is increased when considering the subjective paths. The second part shows how the agricultural employment becomes sustainable as adaptation to the necessity. The discontinuity allows to distance work and to refocus expectations on domestic space and local territory. Conversely, the unsustainability wins when permanent contract reduces the possibility to get away of a job jeopardizing health (condition unsustainability) or when agricultural employment is a consequence of a downgrade (position unsustainability). Finally, the third part illustrate, on the contrary, how performing artists are characterized by a rejection of the social finitude. The artist and intermittent life remains sustainable as long as the pursuit of autonomy in a job, synonym for singularity andvocation, is not jeopardized by a commitment as a surinvestment (condition unsustainability) or a default of specific capital (position unsustainability). The contrasted paths of agricultural seasonal workers and performing artists finallyquestion the thesis of a “precariat” with common conditions and political vision
Jouffe, Yves. "Précaires mais mobiles : tactiques de mobilité des travailleurs précaires flexibles et nouveaux services de mobilité." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00167732.
30 entretiens avec de tels précaires flexibles révèlent que leurs degrés de précarité et de flexibilité discriminent leurs solutions de déplacement, leurs tactiques de programmation de la mobilité, et leurs stratégies d'accessibilité. Quatre tactiques idéal-typiques sont ainsi identifiées : suffisant prévenant, désinvolte avisé, virtuose assuré, conformiste contrarié.
Deux grands types de stratégies opposent également les peu et les très flexibles : l'enfant dépendant et le parent aliéné sont à la fois peu flexibles, ancrés territorialement, inscrits dans une généalogie familiale, et attachés aux valeurs de leurs employeurs ; l'artisan autonome (compagnon, impétrant ou résistant) manifeste au contraire une capacité de mobilité à la fois quotidienne, résidentielle et professionnelle, tendue vers l'émancipation familiale.
Cette analyse permet d'identifier les ressources, matérielles, cognitives et symboliques, qui structurent les choix de mobilité. La disposition d'un logement autonome et décent apparaît alors comme le seul élément externe susceptible de déterminer l'élaboration de stratégies de changement professionnel et résidentiel ainsi qu'une grande flexibilité.
Pour faire face aux défis de la société flexible, les plus précaires auraient ainsi avant tout besoin d'un logement décent et autonome plutôt que d'outils ou de compétences de mobilité.
Glazer-Allard, Jean-Daniel. "Les représentations du travail des jeunes salariés d'agence de location de personnel." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26925.
Plantard, Guillaume. "Etre jeune adulte diplômé et allocataire du Revenu de Solidarité Active (RSA) : des modes et des trajectoires de vie, en périphérie du salariat, entre tensions et négociations." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG021/document.
This thesis analyzes the lived tensions and negotiations conducted on a daily basis by young graduates, taking into account their training program and the use of RSA. Starting with interviews and stories, research focuses on socio-biographical process, with their many identities and relational transformations. A typology of lifestyles was first constructed to describe the multiple uses of RSA practiced daily. An analysis of the course in the device was then used to grasp the ways in which these young renegotiating uses RSA with their entourage and the professionals responsible for the accompaniment of the beneficiaries. Finally, this thesis shows that the use of RSA represents a significant social experience for young graduates, out of higher education and faced with job insecurity, particularly in the way they live their social transitions to adulthood
Jounin, Nicolas. "Loyautés incertaines : les travailleurs du bâtiment entre discrimination et précarité." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00182439.
Jounin, Nicolas. "Loyautés incertaines : les travailleurs du bâtiment entre discrimination et précarité." Phd thesis, Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA070009.
This research aims at analysing how much work is weighed down with contradictions based on the case of the buiding trade of Paris: 1) Work as a good, 2 ) however it remains impossible to voew work as a regular. The purely contractual dimension of the wage earning always comes with the granting of a status, even an implicit one. That status sets the labour force supply, the quality of work as well as the loyalty of workers. Nevertheless, the status granted to workers in the building trade is not even. On the contrary, whereas general guarantees of wage earning are reduced, the status of workers varies. They are locally reinvented arid due to personal bonds, and sometimes they are linked to ethnicity. Therefore, the means according to which a worker "disappears" or "appears" as a person must be connected to the conditions of production, which leads to the present argument: the building sector has to avoid the counterproductive risks due to the merchandization of work, where the supply of the labour force relies only on discipline (field supervision, employiiigntjtatuses, unemployment, residence conditions. . . ) It gives rise to different forms of protections which are exceptional, local and Informal and lead to loyalties way beyond the work contract. These protections appear out of individual allegiances ethnic, preferences and racist discriminations (valorizing some individuals implies depreciating others). The path between one protection to the other is ensured by co-option recruitment
Rodriguez, Blanco Maricel. "Du barrage au guichet. Naissance et transformation des mouvements de chômeurs en Argentine (1990 – 2015)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH117.
This thesis discusses the Piquetero movement in Argentina and its successive transformations during the 2000s into an extensive network of service provider organizations throughout the territory from a sociohistorical and ethnographic perspective. This movement was born out of the collective actions of the unemployed and precarious workers in the late 1990s against the effects of "neoliberal" reforms, and takes its name from one of their preferred modes of protest, the roadblock or picket. Since its beginnings, the Piquetero movement has been the subject of a double treatment by the State, between repression and recovery in the context of the establishment of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs. In this new configuration of targeted public action, it is now up to the State to delegate the distribution of social assistance to a network of organizations, given their territorial proximity to the underprivileged populations. However, this thesis shows that this fuzzy wicket role, which tends to introduce in one way or another the competition amid the organizations, has thus quickly contributed to fragment the piquetero space, and produces ambivalent effects on the practices and the trajectories of the participants. The thesis is based on mixed methods, qualitative and quantitative, from a large 40-month field survey conducted between 2000 and 2015 in two Argentinian provinces. On the one hand, through an ethnography and in-depth biographical interviews with leaders, delegates and grassroots activists (N=104), we observed the interactions between these different categories. A prosopography of the leaders (N=76) allowed us, on the other hand, from the statistical methods of factor analysis (ACM) and hierarchical classification (CAH), to report on the structuring of this space of organizations. In the first part, the thesis focuses – with the support of archives and interviews – on the conditions of the gradual crystallization of a social movement into a space of organizations. We sought here to understand the context, the stakes and the means of action of this protest movement, relating its inscription to the evolution since the beginning of the XXth century of the relations between State, political parties and unions. The second part of our thesis is devoted to the analysis of activist practices and forms of supervision within organizations. The opening of the black box of the organizations thus reveals to what extent their internal functioning results from the capacity of a set of intermediaries to carry out a work of representation, mobilization and management of resources among working classes particularly willing to engage in the long term. The statistical examination of the trajectories of leaders also informed us about the resources that were necessary to occupy such a position and also about the effects of their engagement to their individual trajectories. Finally, a third part serves to apprehend associative practices within organizations. Restoring the recruiting logics and the profiles of the recruits has shown in the long term both the conditions of the commitment of these unemployed and precarious workers and the effects on their trajectories. The observation of practices, especially during assemblies, shows the principles of supervision stretched between activism and entrepreneurship which weighed on the participants. If this fraction of precarious people testifies within the working classes of forms of mobilization and resistance particularly exemplary, they also tend to deploy modes of accommodation to organizations, differentiated according to their socialization, and the volume and nature of their resources
Noiseux, Yanick. "État, syndicalisme et travail atypique au Québec : une sociologie des absences et des émergences." Thèse, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1861/1/D1742.pdf.
Parinaud, Benjamin. "La participation syndicale des travailleurs dans un contexte de précarité de l’emploi." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22239.
Coget, Léa. "L’autonomie au travail : étude de cas des livreur·euse·s de la gig-économie à Montréal." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25161.
This dissertation focuses on the work experience of platform-based delivery workers through the lens of autonomy. It appears highly paradoxical that digital platforms, while celebrating the emancipatory value of autonomy, simultaneously undermine all its chances of effective realization by workers, by multiplying direct or indirect sources of control. To address this paradox, we question workers’ reception of the discourse on autonomy held by digital platforms and attempt to identify their personal interpretation of autonomy, in order to understand the conditions under which autonomy at work can be exercised. By adopting a broad conception of autonomy, we integrate the individual and collective scales in order to weave threads between the relationship to work and collective action as part of a reflection on the dynamics of mobilization. Based on a corpus of 16 interviews conducted with platform delivery workers in Montreal, we are developing an analysis that attempts to distinguish between aspirations and concrete practices of autonomy, both at the individual and collective levels, by focusing on the obstacles to their realization. At the end of this analysis, we highlight the fact that autonomy appears to be an issue in the social relations of production, which is in constant tension with its dialectical opposite, namely, control. What then emerges appears to be a "grey zone of autonomy".
O'Brady, Sean. "Negotiating insecurity? : a comparative study of collective bargaining in retail food in Canada, Germany, Sweden and the United States." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21603.
Purenne, Jonathan. "Processus de la retraite et carrière atypique au Canada." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21583.
Boivin, Louise. "Régulation juridique du travail, pouvoir stratégique et précarisation des emplois dans les réseaux : trois études de cas sur les réseaux de services d’aide à domicile au Québec." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10556.
The increasing trend towards organizing the production of goods and services into networks as a result of the quest for flexibility in the face of fierce economic competition raises critical issues for industrial relations. Our thesis examines the precarization of jobs in the externalized segments of production networks. It is based on three case studies focusing on the networks of public and private homecare services in Quebec. Critical law studies have shown that labour law, based on the model of the integrated firm and the binary employment relationship, fails to identify as employers some organizations whose action nevertheless has a decisive impact on working conditions in these networks. Our thesis thus aimed to shed light on the empirical reality of the power relations prevailing throughout the networks and their effects, using an interdisciplinary analytical model that integrates the legal and sociological dimensions. Results indicate that the legal employer of workers – most of them women – employed by private service providers integrated into the networks is most often an employment agency, a social economy enterprise or the individual using the homecare services. This employer is rarely identified as being among the public organizations which, under the aegis of state, exercise predominant power over these networks. The gap between the legal regulation of labour and the empirical reality of intra-network power leads to a precarization of the social protection and working conditions of these women workers. Thus, the weak protection of their rights to collective representation and collective bargaining facilitates the imposition of “just-in-time permanent availability”, combining lean management logic with domestic work logic, and leads to a gendered and racialized deskilling of their jobs compared to the situation prevailing in the public sector. Our study nevertheless shows that some innovative practices involving reticular collective action – in particular practices implemented by local associations of disabled persons using the services and by a union of female agency workers – have had an influence on these power dynamics.
Michaud, Jonathan. "L’action collective chez les travailleuses et les travailleurs précaires : étude comparative des dynamiques en milieux syndiqués." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20340.
Thirot, Myriam. "Parcours de précarisation du travail : aménagements, ruptures, circularités." Thèse, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4634/1/D2209.pdf.