Дисертації з теми "Travail en Ligne"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Travail en Ligne".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Leclerc, Annabelle. "Le travail social en troisième ligne psychiatrique : la perception des travailleurs sociaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27882.
This qualitative study aims to extend the knowledge about social work in third line (i.e., hospital-based and specialized) psychiatric services. The outlook of social workers is central in our study as we asked these professionals about the meaning of their duties at work. Interviews were conducted with mental health social workers from the Mental Health Institute of Quebec City. From April to June 2015, 10 social workers were interviewed. They answered a semi-structured questionnaire divided in two sections: (1) social work practice in third line psychiatry; and (2) a practice narrative centered on an actual clinical example. Thematic content analysis based on a codification table with predetermined and emerging categories was conducted. Results and discussion: The central theme of our analysis pertains to the notion of linking, which is viewed as central to social work practices: ties created, preserved, or re-established by social workers, and involving users, families, other practitioners, and other various partners. Social workers enact various roles in third line psychiatric settings. Significantly, the way their role is understood in interdisciplinary teams influences the continuity of the collaboration itself, as well as the achievement of the goals established with clients. The case-centered practice narratives underline that clinical management in third line psychiatric settings need interventions from different collaborators and demand the use of new intervention approaches. Constructive and effective collaborations along with the addition of families in complex interventions provide great support in the realization of the users’ intervention plan or discharge plan. For social workers, the diverse forms of clinical supports, training accessibility and work flexibility facilitate their tasks. Keywords: social work, hospital practice, mental health, psychiatry.
Domange, Romain. "Critères ergonomiques d'une modification de ligne de conditionnement." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P008.
Tordo, Frédéric. "Subjectivation, intersubjectivité et travail du lien dans le jeu vidéo de rôle en ligne massivement multijoueur." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100155/document.
Video games propose a new form of subjectivity concerning action in motion, which motor appears in fantasy organization. Auto-empathy will deploy: process by which a subject puts himself instead of the other-in-self, producing an internalized view of self in order to represent his subjective world. The mediation of self-empathy process in virtual worlds will allow the subject to identify with the figure that represents him in the virtual worlds, so that his attention and empathy for this figure are turned indirectly towards himself. This second stage of virtual empathy for a self-figure, which we call self-empathy mediated by an avatar or virtual self-empathy, favors in a third time the development of empathy for oneself. Finally, in a fourth step in the multi-player online role-playing games, the development of a new form of intersubjective relationship work is favored: differentiating rather than sexual, engaging the action in proto-conversations rather than emotions between players and emerging from fantasy domain, the other player being always represented by the subject before being seen creates between players a desire for intersubjectivity through which the desire for a meeting in the real world of another player by putting in a fantasy in which imaginary representations are turned into figuration, also imaginary, of a real subject behind another avatar
Bassagou, Dikagma. "EXOLINE : Dispositif instrumenté pour analyser les interactions en apprentissage collaboratif en ligne." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I074.
This study concerns a mechanism that could make it possible to analyse students' motivation and autonomy in the absence of human regulation in distance education. Indeed, in the literature, motivation and autonomy have an implication in the drop-out of learners in e-learning situations. To analyze these factors, some researchers use questionnaires on an ad hoc basis and others use digital traces produced by TEL (Technology Enhanced Learning). In most of these studies, the intervention of a tutor to regulate learning activity is important. The objective of this research is to identify students who can follow a teacher from a distance with the best chances of success. To do this, we have designed a system that combines the use of questionnaires and digital learning traces. This system contains a platform called "Exoline" that supports a pedagogical scenario that alternates individual work and collaborative activities in seven steps. Collaborative activities are regulated by a voting system (I like/dislike) of the platform and individual work corresponds to phases of editorial contribution by each learner member of a group. To collect data on collaboration and learning dynamics, we conducted an experiment with 794 students from Kara University with a participation rate of 40.55%. We then applied different statistical methods to the data (questionnaires and traces) from the experiment to identify and study the relationships between learning, motivation and autonomy. Our study highlighted, beyond the initial motivation, the role of the dynamics of maintaining motivation throughout the learning process. The level of progression (number of steps performed) by the learner in our Exoline device has proven to be an interesting indicator of learning performance. In other words, the study shows that most students who drop out do so at the beginning of the course. On a more contextual level, our study also shows how the socioeconomic environment influences the educational path of students, particularly in Togo
pillet, lauriane Epron Benoît. "Réorganisation des ressources et services documentaires en ligne du SCD de l'Université de Picardie Jules verne dossier d'aide à la décision /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque-numerique/document-2014.
Texte intégral. Résumé en français et en anglais. Bibliogr. f. 49-51. Index.
Sarfati, François. "Du côté des vainqueurs : identité professionnelle, rapport au travail et à l'emploi des salariè-e-s du courtage en ligne." Paris, CNAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CNAM0500.
What connection is there between objective organization of labor and definition of an identity? How can a professional environment construct itself in the shadow of a socially valorized group? The article attempts to answer this question by studying the one-linebrokerage sector. While the work of employees looking after client relations is effectively organized like that a call center, they recreate a social environment reminiscent of the market floor. Once again we find Merton's classic opposition between membership group and reference group. The frequent references tov the traditional stock exchange stand in contrast to membership in the client-relations group. This these employees create a marginal identity for themselves, in the sense that they belong, without totally belonging, to the world of finance, and search for a status linked to the prestigious activities of the sector (financial advice and risk mamagement)
SABRY, MAHMOUD. "Contribution a l'etude de l'automatisation d'une ligne d'assemblage de boites de vitesses : analyse de la ligne existante et etude de faisabilite de certaines fonctions." Caen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CAEN2006.
Moricot, Caroline. "Des avions et des hommes : socio-anthropologie des pilotes de ligne face à l'automatisation des avions." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010641.
The object of this thesis is to study the way in which airline-pilots have appropriated glasscockpit aircrafts during the first year following their coming into service in the big french air companies. Its theoretical purpose is, with the help of the concept of appropriation, to understand how men, faced with a situation new to them, build a new representation of the technical object, of their work and of themselves, in a context in which automation is more present everyday and in which security is a necessity. Beside apprenticeship, adaptation or training, appropriation is a process which is not determined beforehand, and the success of which can never be told in advance. From this process springs a form of collective efficiency of men at work ; it is often little visible but our hypothesis is that it affects the performance and the safety of the large technical systems. Thinking over the appropriation process means that one has to pay particular attention to the way in which the relation between men and machines is built up day after day and also the way this relation alters. How can an unknown environment become familiar little by little and upon what is this familiarity built, which are the significant stages of this process and how does it start? Among the results of this research-work we found out (which might seems paradoxal or at least unexpected) that this intensification of automatic devices in the glass-cockpit aircrafts makes the presence of men even more necessary. Furthermore, because of the automatic devices, this presence of men is even more demanding, though on many ways these automatic devices dont make this presence easy. This thesis is based on the results of a field work combining the methods of anthropology (in situ observations in aircraft-cockpits as well as interviews) and those of sociology (survey by means of a questionnaire to which 800 pilots answered)
Lu, Yu. "Etude du volume de travail des robots : enveloppe, atteignabilite." Paris, ENSAM, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENAM0002.
Arkhipov, Dmitrii. "Planification socio-responsable du travail dans les chaînes de montage d'aéronefs : comment satisfaire à la fois objectifs ergonomiques et économiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30107.
In this thesis, the scheduling problem of tasks in aircraft assembly lines is studied. These production lines are mainly manual and paced. Since the failure of delivery on time may result in significant penalties for the manufacturer, it is crucial to meet the schedule at each workstation taking into account both economic and ergonomic criteria. This scheduling problem can be considered as a generalized Resource-Constraints Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP). Firstly, we review the existing ergonomic methods that can be used to evaluate the physical workload in production lines and examine their applicability to the context of aircraft assembly lines with long takt times. On the basis of this evaluation, we develop mathematical models to be introduced in considered RCPSP problems in order to take into account the ergonomic impact on the operators. Taking into consideration these ergonomic constraints, the original industrial problem is modeled as a RCPSP with special constraints and objectives integrating both economic and ergonomic aspects. Several formulations with multi-skilled operators, resources with time-dependent capacities, constraints on ergonomic factors and multi-mode tasks ordered by precedence relations with time lags are considered. Constraint Programming and Integer Linear Programming models are developed for these formulations. In order to enhance the solution procedures, novel constraint propagation techniques are proposed and implemented. A new algorithm for lower bound calculation is developed as well. The efficiency of presented models and methods are validated through numerical experiments
Largier, Céline. "Le travail de la reprise discursive dans un genre émergent : les forums de débat de la presse allemande et française en ligne." Paris 3, 2005. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01485761.
The present work is a comparative analysis of discussion groups in German and French online press. By studying the use of discourse repetition, it aims at outlining the specific intertextuality of what may be considered as a discourse genre that is both cross-linguistic and cross-cultural. This study is based on conversation analysis and discourse analysis. These tools are used with the double purpose to describe the functioning of " discussion groups " as communication devices and to highlight the existence of a framework that requests the locutors to produce an opinion discourse and also an argumentative discourse. The main focus of attention is put on forms of discourse repetition and the functions that discourse repetition fulfils: the analysis of this discourse practice shows regularities. This may be partly explained by the functioning of the communication device and partly explained by the fact that discourse repetition is indeed a defining characteristic of this emerging genre
Amar, Véronique. "Mise en oeuvre d'outils de travail collaboratif à la Caisse d'Epargne Rhône-Alpes Lyon étude préalable à la mise en place d'un workflow et mise en ligne de la documentation du système d'information /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessid/rsamar.pdf.
Feno, Remiel. "Analyse et évaluation de la reconfiguration d'une ligne de production : application à l'assemblage en tôlerie automobile." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0057/document.
In order to introduce a new product in an existing plant, several decisions concerning possible changes in the production system have to be made. These changes are more frequent and require to reconfigure the system as often as needed. It represents a disruption during the system life cycle. Several solutions are assessed in terms of investment cost, reconfiguration time, quality and flexibility of the production system at the preliminary phases of the project. The objectives are multiple and sometimes conflicting. That makes difficult to reach a consensus in the assessment of solutions. Moreover, it is difficult to have a shared vision of the impact of changes on the initial configuration of a production line. The decisions made during this phase have a significant impact on the other project phases (development, integration, start of production). In order to improve these decisions, this thesis proposes first, to study the reconfiguration process of a production line in order to identify solutions and their impacts on the initial system configuration, then after, we identify and organize the relevant performance criteria to assess solutions with a multi-criteria based approach in the early phases of the project. Finally, we develop a factory digital review process to detect problems earlier and validate the solutions adopted at several project milestones
Comby, Georges. "Aide au séquencement des produits sur une ligne de fabrication multi-modèles : respect des règles de séquencement et lissage de la charge de travail." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0144.
Sequencing products (arranging products in chronological assembling order) on Mixed-Model Assembly Lines (M. M. A. L. ) enables to face with products diversity: production can be feasible or not, due to sequencing rules (succession constraints), and production cost depends on the sequence, particularly the cost due to smoothing flow of work for each resource. To take into account simultaneously different objectives, a modular architecture based on simulation and optimization is proposed for sequencing. A prototype has enabled to prove its feasibility: succession constraints and work flow smoothing can be done simultaneously by sequencing. Moreover, a data conceptual model integrating all data needed by sequencing is proposed and favors the integration of our system in the enterprise information system. Optimization must chose a partial (goal chasing methods) or global (random access changes of the sequence: neighborhood) sequence of products valued by simulation, thanks to a cost function. To compute this cost function, sequencing rules are gathered into different types of rules: keep a constant speed in assembling some products; respect production ratios or directional production ratios for other products; sequence some products in a given position, as near as possible to this position, in the beginning or at the end of the sequence; minimize set-up costs by grouping some products. Each type of rule is modelled by two measures: constructive measure for goal chasing methods, and valuing measure for optimization by neighborhood. To smooth resource flow of work, paced assembly lines are modelled in the case of mono- and multi-stations resources. For multi-station resources, the proposed model enables to compute release and due dates for jobs: these dates are then used by an algorithm to infer for each resource the workload curve which smoothes its working rate (robustness) and assures that pre-emptive jobs scheduling will exists
HAJHOUJ, MOUAMD. "Programmation hors ligne : emulation des composants d'une cellule robotisee." Paris, ENSAM, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENAM0005.
Larios, Rosillo Victor. "Stratégies en ligne pour une qualité de service satisfaisante dans un système de réalité virtuelle répartie." Compiègne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001COMP1335.
Haddad, Samir. "Modèle d'évaluation des performances d'une ligne de production d'une séquence de N produits distincts sur M machines avec (M-1) stocks tampons." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29402/29402.pdf.
Penilla, Frédérique. "Learning a foreign language with collaborative web-based task : processes and performances." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL019.
Within language teaching and learning, tasks have been advocated for use as they are thought to set up ideal conditions for language acquisition to occur. With the emergence of the Internet in the last decade, and the deployment of technology in schools, Web-based tasks, referred to as Computer-assisted Language Learning (CALL) are being used by an increasing number of teachers. The purpose of the present research was to identify the impact of Web-based tasks both on the learning process and the learners’ performances. Three intact classes from French high schools, consisting of learners of English as a foreign language, completed a Web-based task. The product of the different stages of its completion and the corresponding video recordings were the database for this study. Attitude questionnaires and cultural awareness tests were also collected and analyzed. In doing so, issues of attitudes and motivation as well as learner competence and language proficiency were examined. These were documented in different experimental settings, including in turn ICT and/or collaboration. The results suggest tasks, whether Web-based or not, do not hinder language production and, in fact, learners respond favourably to them, especially when working collaboratively. Further, the study shows that collaboration has measurable positive effects on the learners' attitudes, processes and performances. These include : positive outcomes in relation to the learners' persistence of effort; their involvement with the task; their understanding of the task's implicit demands ; their quality of writing ; the products they ultimately produce ; and the processing of higher-order skills. Yet the findings also suggest that these benefits are somehow diminished when technology is used, although this in turn is affected by the learners' familiarity with the tasks and their levels of technological literacy. Even so, these results raise the question of how Web-based tasks can be best implemented in language classrooms, and suggest that further research is still required in this area
Malcorps, Sylvain. "La fabrique collective du contenu d'information et des segments de consommateurs par les mesures de l'audience en ligne: Le cas des relations entre journalistes en ligne et marketeurs dans l'enjeu de captation de l'intention sur Internet." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/315561/5/Contrat.pdf.
Doctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Benoit, Jean. "De la communauté d'apprentissage à la communauté de pratique en ligne, une réflexion prospective et la construction d'un modèle de design polyvalent pour des fins d'apprentissage ou de travail." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0011/MQ56728.pdf.
Nicol-Clavet, Noémie. "La pratique infirmière en groupe de médecine de famille dans le cadre du Plan Alzheimer Québec." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11567.
Inghilterra, Xavier. "L’apprenance collective entre pairs à l’aune du modèle transmissif : Impact des dispositifs de partage social sur les communautés d’apprentissage en ligne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUL0002.
This research is interested in the effects led by the digital devices plans of social sharing on the pratices of collaboration, communication and mediation of students in context of distance learning. The goal is the understand the origin of the collaborative process of collective apprenance which is illustrated in the communities of apprenticeship outside the academic institution. A netnographic observation is conducted whith Bachelor and Master's degree in a private training center ; our corpus is made of 1405 messages taken in the forums of the institutional platform and on Facebook or Google +. We assume the information and communication sociotechnical devices participate in the horizontalisation of student's practices. We highlight the paradox of these learning communities which are, unwittingly, in a process of social domination by having choosing a priori a decentralized structure
Kennel, Sophie. "Pratiques et compétences informationnelles des étudiants dans les espaces de formation en ligne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG018/document.
Crossing studies on college academic achievement, information literacy and digital culture, the proposed case study questions the relationship between distance learning and students information practices and information literacy. An initial survey has identified academic and sociological profiles of students who are enrolled in a program offered by the University of Strasbourg to help them succeed in their curricula. Other surveys and tests were conducted to know the information practices of these students in online learning contexts and evaluate their skills entering and exiting the program. The results show that our population does not fit the profile of student failure. Moreover, our conclusions support our hypothesis about poverty information practices in e-learning and lack of expert skills in this area despite several courses followed by these students
Oliveira, Vieira Estela Aparecida. "De la construction identitaire du tuteur comme co-construction : analyse de l’activité professionnelle à partir de la plateforme en ligne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3037/document.
The thesis is based essentially on the work activity of the tutor to better understand the co-construction of professional identity. This activity, which is not recognized as a profession, but as a function that uses highly sophisticated skills. Standards of this function are provided by the institution, but as it is not a recognized profession, it is not regulated. There is a prescribed work, based on predetermined competencies. But when tutors and tutees face reality, with a route to do in real activity, how this process is developed? What is the influence of the actual work activity in the co-construction of tutor's professional identity? This study was developed in order to better understand professional identity. The methodology was structured into 3 steps: documentary analysis about work prescribed by the Àgora program - all the tutors of the course of specialization in primary health care in the family; analysis of the content of the forum of 13 and 5 tutors; the interview of explanation conducted with 5 tutors. At the end of this study, it was found that the identity of the tutor is linked to various elements, values, culture, education, experience. And that there isn't a way of acting, but many manners to interact that will change according to the choices and tools that the tutor has. So, the tutor must master a set of skills that will support his choices depending on the moment and interfaces into play
No Brasil os primeiros registros de educação a distância remontam o início do século XX. De lá para cá foram muitos os projetos e leis que tramitaram no Senado com o intuito de melhor estruturar essa atividade de ensino. No entanto, um dos pontos importantes nesse processo ainda é clarear o papel do tutor. Isto não é uma tarefa muito simples, dada a complexidade do seu papel, as mudanças no cenário histórico cultural e os avanços das tecnologias da informação e comunicação. O impacto dessas mudanças na educação pode ser percebido de muitas maneiras, do número de informações acessíveis e abertas a todos até a exclusão social, de regiões e indivíduos desfavorecidos, provocada por longas distâncias geográficas e sociais. Com esse olhar, em 2006, o governo Brasileiro fortaleceu a proposta de acesso a uma formação superior e desenvolvimento social a partir da educação a distância, sancionando leis e fomentando o acesso de toda a população brasileira. Com esse processo a figura do tutor toma corpo no cenário nacional. Sem ser reconhecida, a tutoria é normalmente relegada a uma atividade secundária. Como o tutor poderá visar uma melhor estruturação de suas tarefas prescritas para responder a necessidade do tutorado? Quais são os limites dessa relação pedagógica? O trabalho prescrito é baseado em competencias pré-estabelecidas. Mas quando tutores e tutorados são confrontados com a realidade, com um percurso a ser feito, em uma atividade real como este processo se desenvolve? Qual a influência da atividade real de trabalho na co-construção da identidade profissioanal do tutor? Este estudo foi elaborado com o intuito de melhor compreender a identidade profissional a partir das interfaces : tutorado, conteúdo, contexto sócio histórico, politico, econômico, institucional, seus pares e ele mesmo. Nós partimos da hipótese de que o tutor desenvolve suas competências didático-pedagógicas e educativas a partir de sua experiência no exercício da tutoria na plataforma. Para isso ele conta, em certos casos, com uma transferência de competências vindas de outras experiências profissionais e de ensino. Mas na experiência online, ele deve desenvolver outras competências de ensino baseadas em marcadores linguísticos que constituem indicadores que lhe permitem estruturar e adaptar a mediação à aprendizagem do tutorado. E este processo contribui para co-construir a sua identidade profissional. A metodologia foi estruturada em 4 etapas: análise documental; análise do trabalho prescrito pelo programa Àgora à todos tutores do curso de especialização em atenção básica em saúde da família; análise do conteúdo do fórum de 13 tutores, a partir do qual foram estruturadas as perguntas para a etapa seguinte; e entrevista de explicitação realizada com cinco tutores. Todas essas etapas foram acompanhadas de revisão sistemática da literatura, com o intuito de compreender a atividade do tutor e compreender os elementos que constituem sua identidade profissional. No final deste estudo foi possível constatar que a identidade do tutor é ligada a vários elementos, valores, cultura, formação, experiência. Mas que não há uma maneira de atuação, mas sim várias maneiras de interagir que variam conforme as escolhas e ferramentas que o tutor possui. Também a maneira pela qual o tutor realiza sua mediação é baseada na forma como o tutorado interage e se posiciona na plataforma. Assim o tutor deve 222 dominar um conjunto de competências que o apoiarão em suas escolhas dependendo do momento e das interfaces em jogo
Remon, Denis. "Description et analyse des modèles d’entraînement utilisés dans la grande industrie estrienne par le cadre de première ligne pour favoriser l’adaptation des jeunes et nouveaux employés sans spécialisation à leur poste de travail." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9205.
Inghilterra, Xavier. "L’apprenance collective entre pairs à l’aune du modèle transmissif : Impact des dispositifs de partage social sur les communautés d’apprentissage en ligne." Thesis, Toulon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUL0002/document.
This research is interested in the effects led by the digital devices plans of social sharing on the pratices of collaboration, communication and mediation of students in context of distance learning. The goal is the understand the origin of the collaborative process of collective apprenance which is illustrated in the communities of apprenticeship outside the academic institution. A netnographic observation is conducted whith Bachelor and Master's degree in a private training center ; our corpus is made of 1405 messages taken in the forums of the institutional platform and on Facebook or Google +. We assume the information and communication sociotechnical devices participate in the horizontalisation of student's practices. We highlight the paradox of these learning communities which are, unwittingly, in a process of social domination by having choosing a priori a decentralized structure
Belletti, Chiara. "Empirical essays on information asymmetries on digital platforms." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAT017.
This thesis studies issues related to information asymmetry in digital markets. It aims at understanding the behavior of economic agents when standard reputation tools, such as ratings and reviews, may fall short.The first chapter investigates the impact of end-of-game concerns on the effectiveness of reputation systems as monitoring tools in digital markets. Using data from Airbnb, the chapter examines the effort decisions of hosts anticipating their exit due to non-compliance with a short-term rental regulation in the City of Los Angeles. With a Difference-in-Differences and Event Study approach, we compare how listing's effort-related ratings changed, compared to ratings on location, after the regulation announcement and during its implementation. The findings reveal a statistically significant decrease in effort-related ratings during the hosts' final periods, highlighting the limitations of reputation systems in addressing moral hazard within a finite game.The second and third chapters of this thesis study firm and worker behavior on a commercial crowd-working platform characterized by anonymity and limited employer-employee interactions.The second chapter provides descriptive insights into how crowd-working platforms are used for outsourcing AI-related tasks, particularly focusing on data training. The study begins by providing context on the platform under study and unveiling a recent growing demand for crowd-sourced data work. The chapter also examines how firms ensure tasks' execution quality through worker selection, wage setting, and monitoring. A regression framework allows for the identification of specific factors that distinguish demand for data work from other tasks. The higher targeting of demand towards predefined groups of contributors based on experience or geographic location, along with a larger rejection probability for data annotation tasks, underscores the importance of quality execution for firms outsourcing in this domain.The final chapter explores a Principal-Agent problem arising from monetary incentives, affecting the quality of the execution of data annotation tasks on crowd-sourced platforms. This problem cannot be adequately addressed with a reduced form approach. It stems from firms infrequently monitoring the quality of work, fostering moral hazard by the workers. A structural model assesses the equilibrium demand and supply of effort, revealing that metrics relying on observed task rejection underestimate quality. The study suggests a more accurate back-of-the-envelope correction based on a firm's own monitoring rate and simulates counterfactual incentive schemes. The simulation exercises reveal that a wage penalty for workers with rejected tasks could induce higher effort, increase platform revenue, require less monitoring, and enhance the potential of the platform. An alternative approach, although more costly for the platform, to encourage effort and reduce the likelihood of overlooking poor quality, implies providing subsidies for firms' monitoring efforts
Prost, Magali. "Les échanges entre professionnels de l'éducation : entre soutien psychologique et acquisition de connaissances sur la pratique." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure des telecommunications - ENST, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790685.
Gaona, Jorge. "Elaboración de un sistema de evaluación en línea como proceso de formación de profesores de matemáticas." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC089/document.
This research is part of the problem of integrating technology into the process of teaching and learning mathematics. Particularly, this work aims to study the impact of the participation of teachers in the design of tasks that make up an online assessment system in mathematics, specifically in this thesis are studied tasks on polynomial functions. When we speak of impact, this refers in two senses: impact on the use of resources and on the epistemic value of the resources created by teachers. From the methodological point of view, this thesis is part of a qualitative work complemented by some quantitative analyses. In order to study the impact on the use of the platform's resources, a comparison was made according to the roles of the teachers (designers and users), based on the data generated by the platform and complemented by analysis of the class register and interviews with the designer teachers. It can be concluded that there are no differences in the use of resources on a campus if there are designers and users, whereas when on a campus there are only users the participation of students on the platform is much lower. The Mathematical Workspaces (MTS) were used as a theoretical framework to characterize the epistemic value of platform tasks. After observing certain phenomena in the set of tasks of the platform, using the same theoretical framework, the usual tasks of the professors designers were characterized to finally make a comparison between the potential ETM of the platform and the suitable ETM of the professors. The platform tasks on polynomial functions, the class records of the design teachers were used as data sources to characterize the usual tasks and explanatory interviews to understand the reasons for certain teacher choices. It was concluded that certain phenomena observed in the tasks of the platforms are due to the instrumental dimension and the limitations of the software, especially those linked to graphics. However, there are other phenomena that are mainly influenced by the suitable ETM. This work also gives rise to suggestions for improvement to enrich the resources of the platform and to make the suitable ETM of the teachers evolve on the basis of a didactic accompaniment. It was concluded that certain phenomena observed in the tasks of the platforms are due to the instrumental dimension and limitations of software, especially those linked to graphics. However, there are other phenomena that are mainly influenced by the suitable ETM.This work also gives rise to suggestions for improvement to enrich the resources of the platform and to make the suitable MTE of the teachers evolve from a didactic accompaniment
Esta investigación se inscribe en la problemática de la integración de tecnología en los proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Particularmente, este trabajo tiene por objetivo estudiar el impacto de la participación de profesores en el diseño de las tareas que conforman un sistema de evaluación en línea en matemáticas, específicamente en esta tesis se estudian las tareas sobre funciones polinómicas. Cuando se habla de impacto, esto se refiere en dos sentidos: impacto en la utilización de los recursos y sobre el valor epistémico de los recursos creados por los profesores.Desde el punto de vista metodológico, esta tesis se inscribe en un trabajo de tipo cualitativo complementados con algunos análisis cuantitativos.Para estudiar el impacto en la utilización de los recursos de la plataforma se hizo una comparación según los roles de los profesores (diseñadores y utilizadores) a partir de los datos generados por la plataforma et complementados con análisis del registro de clases y de entrevistas a los profesores diseñadores. Se puede concluir que no hay diferencias en la utilización de los recursos en un campus si hay diseñadores y utilizadores, en cambio, cuando en un campus hay sólo utilizadores la participación de los estudiantes en la plataforma es mucho más baja.Para caracterizar el valor epistémico de las tareas de la plataformas se utilizó como marco teórico los Espacios de Trabajo Matemático (ETM). Después de observar ciertos fenómenos en el conjunto de tareas de la plataforma, utilizando el mismo marco teórico, se caracterizaron las tareas habituales de los profesores diseñadores para finalmente hacer una comparación entre el ETM potencial de la plataforma y el ETM idóneo de los profesores. Se utilizaron como fuentes de datos las tareas de la plataforma sobre funciones polinómicas, los registros de clases de los profesores diseñadores para caracterizar alas tareas habituales y entrevistas de explicitación para comprender las razones de ciertas elecciones de los profesores.Se concluyó que ciertos fenómenos observados en las tareas de la plataformas son debido a la dimensión instrumental y las limitaciones de los programas informáticos, sobretodo los ligados a los gráficos. Sin embargo, hay otros fenómenos que son influenciados principalmente por el ETM idóneo.De este trabajo se desprenden también pistas de mejora para enriquecer los recursos de la plataforma et para hacer evolucionar el ETM idóneo de los profesores a partir de un acompañamiento didáctico
Duponnois, Romain. "Contribution à l’identification de situations dangereuses et à leurs détections par l’analyse des dérives de l’équipement de production. Application à une ligne d'assemblage automatisée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0028.
In a work situation on an automated assembly machine, technical drifts during operation can lead to machine malfunctions. These malfunctions can lead the operator supervising the machine to adapt and react to reduce the effect of these technical drifts on the rest of the working situation. To respond to these malfunctions, the operator may place himself in a hazardous situation.In this context, this manuscript contributes therefore to prevent work accidents on machines. The major contribution of this thesis is methodological. The aim of the proposed method, named Working Situation Health Monitoring (WSHM), is to define a working situation’s health indicator that will enable the monitoring of the appearance of these potentially hazardous situations, from data generated by the machines. To define this indicator, we suggest identifying these potentially hazardous situations by analyzing the potential drifts of the work situation. These drifts can be technical (drifts of product characteristics, drifts of the product flow characteristics, and/or drift of the machine health) and/or from interactions between the operator, the machine and/or the products.To support this identification, we suggest modeling the work situation as a whole by representing it as a system. This modeling allows capitalizing the information on the studied work situation in a unique data model based on a pattern (working situation’s reference model). The contribution of this work has been tested on a case study (an automated assembly machine for educational purposes) in order to prove its feasibility
Horman, Judith. "Une exploration de l'interaction sociale en ligne lors de la réalisation d'activités d'apprentissage collaboratif dans deux espaces interactifs : un site internet et des wikis." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22468/22468.pdf.
This qualitative research study explores online social interaction in the context of an undergraduate university course. Eight students were interviewed. Their testimonies were analysed from five criticals incidents : the difficulty to get peers’ collaboration ; the difficulty to understand expectations associated with the tasks to be performed ; the difficulty to co-construct a text while using a wiki (an Internet technology) ; the obligation to give a feedback on peers’ productions and the textual form of this feedback. The results are compared to a review of the literature according to three perspectives of online social interaction associated with collaborative learning tasks : 1) studies on obstacles to participation ; 2) studies on limits associated with computer mediated communication (CMC) ; studies on virtual teams performances. This study highlights the presence of relational stakes of reciprocity and trust among peers that could be increased by CMC. From the limits of the present study we suggest a few questions for futures investigations.
Plonquet, Matthieu. "Three essays on using Nudges in business firms." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E062.
In this work, we use the Nudge approach to solve behavioral problems that business firms may have to face. In the first chapter, we start by exposing some issues that the classical economic approach struggles with, before presenting the Nudge approach and why we believe it is relevant to the problems that businesses still face today. In the second chapter, we change the formulations of the invitations to participate to web surveys, using Nudge principles, in order to improve participation rate. Most Nudges increase the proportion of individuals giving their e-mail address, but only those that acknowledge the respondent's effort increase participation rate. In the third chapter, we use the Nudge approach's teachings to improve the measurement of job satisfaction. We measure the satisfaction of interns every month during their internships with a very short survey, and compare it to a lengthy survey administered at the end of the internship. We find that satisfaction during the first month of the internship is highly correlated with final satisfaction, which makes it possible to detect potential problems very early. In the final chapter, we use Nudges to improve productivity by making a simple task more playful, a process called “gamification”. Nudges generate the same increase in productivity as the monetary incentives, without the added cost of the latter. Moreover, unless monetary incentives are implemented at the same time, Nudges increase intrinsic motivation. We conclude our work with practical advice for decision-makers who want to try Nudging
Bottega, Carla Garcia. "Clínica do trabalho no sistema único de saúde : linha de cuidado em saúde mental do trabalhador e da trabalhadora." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/141121.
A saúde do trabalhador e especificamente a saúde mental relacionada ao trabalho são a base de discussão dessa tese. Seu objetivo foi o de construir propostas para uma clínica em saúde mental e trabalho para os serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e, para tanto foi organizado roteiro de entrevista e utilizado o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), de forma complementar. Foram realizadas entrevistas com 24 trabalhadores e trabalhadoras atendidos no Ambulatório de Doenças do Trabalho do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (ADT/HCPA). Além disso, buscou-se identificar o adoecimento em saúde mental relacionado ao trabalho na atualidade; compreender como as formas de gestão influenciam o adoecimento nos ambientes de trabalho na atualidade e propor outras possibilidades para a atenção à saúde mental dos trabalhadores e das trabalhadoras atendidos no SUS. A utilização da Clínica Psicodinâmica do Trabalho permitiu a compreensão da situação de sofrimento/adoecimento psíquico relacionado ao trabalho, destacando-se na maioria dos casos, a violência psicológica sofrida no ambiente laboral como desencadeante para o atual adoecimento. Apenas 10 desses trabalhadores entrevistados são acompanhados por profissional de saúde mental, nem sempre com periodicidade, apenas 01 em serviço do SUS, mas 20 fazem uso de medicação psiquiátrica. Com o relato das histórias vividas no trabalho e de seu adoecimento, os trabalhadores e as trabalhadoras solicitavam escuta ao seu sofrimento e a possibilidade de atendimento por profissionais que pudessem compreender o que haviam sofrido ou estavam vivendo no momento. Nesse sentido, pensar a Clínica do Trabalho no SUS, mobiliza não apenas a elaboração do sofrimento/adoecimento dos trabalhadores, mas colabora no avanço da implantação do que está preconizado na Política Nacional de Saúde do Trabalhador e Trabalhadora, o que significa lançar um olhar para a rede de saúde e os serviços que potencialmente podem realizar atendimento em saúde mental e trabalho, entendendo os processos de modulações, metamorfoses e transformações que tem ocorrido na organização do trabalho, e consequentemente nas relações de trabalho desenvolvidas. A construção de uma Linha de Cuidado (LC) em Saúde Mental do Trabalhador pode ser então a expressão da Clínica do Trabalho no SUS e deve estar inserida na rede de saúde já existente desde que sejam construídas possibilidades para essa inserção. Entende-se que a LC deve estar na discussão da implantação da política pública nacional como uma possibilidade de atendimento para os trabalhadores e as trabalhadoras.
Workers health, and more specifically, mental health related to work, is the basis of the discussion of this thesis. The main goal was to set up proposals for a workers mental health clinic within the Sistema Unico de Saude (SUS), that is, the Brazilian Universal Health Care System. For that, an interview guide was organized and the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used as a complement. Interviews were performed with 24 workers, male and female, that were receiving care at the Hospital de Clinicas of Porto Alegre, Brazil, at the Workers Disease Unit. Moreover, it was intended to identify mental health illness as related to work in today’s world; to understand how management influence ailment in the work place today, and to propose different ways of attending to the workers mental health who receive treatment in the SUS. The use of the Psychodynamic Workers Clinic allowed for a better understanding of the psychological suffering/illness related to work, and, for the majority of the cases, it was highlighted the psychological violence experienced in the work premises as what was the beginning of the current illness. Only 10 of these interviewed workers receive mental health care, though not always periodically, only 01 within SUS services, but 20 use psychiatric medications. With the life portrayals of the work related stories and their ailment, workers requested their sorrows be heard and the possibility of getting treated by professionals that could understand what they had gone through or were going through at the moment. In this sense, to think of a Workers Clinic in the SUS system, mobilizes not only the formulation of the suffering/ailment of the workers, but also helps in the advancement of the implementation of recommendations in the National Policies of Workers Health, which means taking a look at the health services that can potentially provide mental health and care to workers, understanding the processes of modulation, metamorphosis and transformations that have been taking place in the work place, and consequently understanding the work relations developed thereafter. The elaboration of a Line of Care (LC) for the Workers Mental Health can be the expression of the Workers Clinic at SUS and needs to be inserted in the health system already existing as long as possibilities for this insertion are constructed. It is understood that the LC needs to be in the discussion in the implementation of the national public policies as a possibility of treatment for the workers.
Pilet, Julia. "Parcours d'enseignement différencié appuyés sur un diagnostic en algèbre élémentaire à la fin de la scolarité obligatoire : modélisation, implémentation dans une plateforme en ligne et évaluation." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00784039.
Fakhfakh, Fatma. "De l'étude de terrain (à l'l.P.E.l.S. et la F.S.S.) à la scénarisation des évaluations d'un cours de FOU scientifique et technique, mis en ligne sur la plateforme Moodle 2.4 de l'U.V.T. conçu pour les étudiants de première année des cycles préparatoires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0116.
At the close of the new researches in didactics at university (French on university objectives and Remote Teaching) and educational reforms targeting the development of learners' level in French inside and outside French departments (Project of updating of French and in French in higher education),scientific and technical French in departments of preliminary courses is an interesting field of study. First-year students-those who passed the baccalaureate- need to know about their university aims in French so as to target the content of apprenticeship programmes and evaluation. Further to a conception of a system of reference of abilities of scientific and technical French (inspired from the principles of Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) and an online lesson of scientific and technical French on MOODLE 2.4 of Tunis Virtual University, we undertake in this thesis to design the models of apprenticeship assessments appropriate to our context. The 2014 investigations in Preparatory Institute for engineering Studies de Sfax and Faculty of Sciences of Sfax (with students of the four branches, French module instructors and the first-year subjects ’instructors) have led us to envisage the idea of the contextualization of apprenticeship portfolio and a model of linguistic certification (Study Diploma in French Language of B1 level) from which we get the conception of brief /summary assessments
Fakhfakh, Fatma. "De l'étude de terrain (à l'l.P.E.l.S. et la F.S.S.) à la scénarisation des évaluations d'un cours de FOU scientifique et technique, mis en ligne sur la plateforme Moodle 2.4 de l'U.V.T. conçu pour les étudiants de première année des cycles préparatoires." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0116/document.
At the close of the new researches in didactics at university (French on university objectives and Remote Teaching) and educational reforms targeting the development of learners' level in French inside and outside French departments (Project of updating of French and in French in higher education),scientific and technical French in departments of preliminary courses is an interesting field of study. First-year students-those who passed the baccalaureate- need to know about their university aims in French so as to target the content of apprenticeship programmes and evaluation. Further to a conception of a system of reference of abilities of scientific and technical French (inspired from the principles of Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) and an online lesson of scientific and technical French on MOODLE 2.4 of Tunis Virtual University, we undertake in this thesis to design the models of apprenticeship assessments appropriate to our context. The 2014 investigations in Preparatory Institute for engineering Studies de Sfax and Faculty of Sciences of Sfax (with students of the four branches, French module instructors and the first-year subjects ’instructors) have led us to envisage the idea of the contextualization of apprenticeship portfolio and a model of linguistic certification (Study Diploma in French Language of B1 level) from which we get the conception of brief /summary assessments
Chérif, Asma. "Modèles de contrôle d'accès pour les applications collaboratives." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0217.
The importance of collaborative systems in real-world applications has grown significantly over the recent years. The majority of new applications are designed in a distributed fashion to meet collaborative work requirements. Among these applications, we focus on Real-Time Collaborative Editors (RCE) that provide computer support for modifying simultaneously shared documents, such as articles, wiki pages and programming source code by dispersed users. Although such applications are more and more used into many fields, the lack of an adequate access control concept is still limiting their full potential. In fact, controlling access in a decentralized fashion for such systems is a challenging problem, as they need dynamic access changes and low latency access to shared documents. In this thesis, we propose a generic access control model based on replicating the shared document and its authorization policy at the local memory of each user. We consider the propagation of authorizations and their interactions. We propose a optimistic approach to enforce access control in existing collaborative editing solutions in the sense that a user can temporarily violate the access control policy. To enforce the policy, we resort to the selective undo approach in order to eliminate the effect of illegal document updates. Since, the safe undo is an open issue in collaborative applications. We investigate a theoretical study of the undo problem and propose a generic solution for selectively undoing operations. Finally, we apply our framework on a collaboration prototype and measure its performance in the distributed grid GRID?5000 to highlight the scalability of our solution
REVERET, BELIARD MARIE-CHRISTINE. "Conditions de travail et etat de sante de 60 agents constructeurs de lignes telephoniques." Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA3013.
Dinu, Razvan. "Web Agents : towards online hybrid multi-agent systems." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20126/document.
Multi-agent systems have been used in a wide range of applications from computer-based simulations and mobile robots to agent-oriented programming and intelligent systems in real environments. However, the largest environment in which software agents can interact is, without any doubt, the World Wide Web and ever since its birth agents have been used in various applications such as search engines, e-commerce, and most recently the semantic web. However, agents have yet to be used on the Web in a way that leverages the full power of artificial intelligence and multi-agent systems, which have the potential of making life much easier for humans. This thesis investigates how this can be changed, and how agents can be brought to the core of the online experience in the sense that we want people to talk and interact with agents instead of "just using yet another application or website". We analyze what makes it hard to develop intelligent agents on the web and we propose a web agent model (WAM) inspired by recent results in multi-agent systems. Nowadays, a simple conceptual model is the key for widespread adoption of new technologies and this is why we have chosen the MASQ meta-model as the basis for our approach, which provides the best compromise in terms of simplicity of concepts, generality and applicability to the web. Since until now the model was introduced only in an informal way, we also provide a clear formalization of the MASQ meta-model.Next, we identify the three main challenges that need to be addressed when building web agents: integration of bodies, web semantics and user friendliness. We focus our attention on the first two and we propose a set of principles to guide the development of what we call strong web agents. Finally, we validate our proposal through the implementation of an award winning platform called Kleenk. Our work is just a step towards fulfilling the vision of having intelligent web agents mediate the interaction with the increasingly complex World Wide Web
Gourde, Marie-Andrée. "L'effet d'une formation interprofessionnelle pour une pratique en collaboration centrée sur la personne sur la modification des attitudes des étudiants de trois différentes disciplines en contexte de soins et de services de première ligne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28127/28127.pdf.
Rosset, Nicole. "Des Conditions de travail aux conditions du travail le cas des lignes de montage dans l'industrie des cars et bus /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600777w.
Cho, Ju-Eun. "Impact de l'internet sur le cinéma : avec des exemples de trois pays : la France, les Etats-Unis et la Corée du Sud." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080002.
Since the nineties, the spread of the internet and its devices has enabled many producers, distributors and moviegoers to change their attitudes towards movies. Our work has focused on demonstrating that the technical characteristics of the internet like the easy access, the hypertextuality and the interactivity can explain the changes noticed in the activities linked to the cinematographic field and the film itself.Although the reception of the internet by the public is extraordinarily fast, the market share of online film is still not really significant. Nevertheless, the growth of the digital generation and the simplification of techniques encourage us to believe in the potential of the internet.The distribution sector is the most influenced by the internet. The increased competition and the evolution of media chronology were inevitable. Despite the threat of easy piracy and the formation of the internal network of mega-media, it seems obvious that the internet will be a useful channel for independent films.Concerning the production area, all stages become participatory. The interaction between filmmakers and the audience and between the future audience and the works created new modes of movies as multi-stories movie, game movies, relay movies and movies with subsidiary texts.Glimpsed with the evocation of the technical features of the internet, the production and the distribution and the viewing of films are influenced by the internet in the sense of a popularization – which can result in public participation – and of immediacy. These two main effects were not synonym with a radical change in the area but, according to us, with a significant transformation in the cinematographic field
Kovacevic, Jovana. "Plateformes d'innovation ouverte (PIO) : la dynamique des discussions orientées innovation dans le Web Community Management." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED069.
In the context of closed inbound innovation, as a form of open innovation practice, the quality of coordination among employees takes an important place. Innovative ideas can appear at any moment of the numerous formal and informal conversations. Concept generation is a key moment of upstream innovation processes. Thanks to internal web-platforms, in many organizations employees are integrated within the innovation processes and often, community discussions are organized on-line. We carry an empirical exploration by analyzing on-line, innovation-oriented, web community discussions that we have had the opportunity to co-animate throughout collaboration with a consulting firm. The innovation-oriented online discussions were launched in the context of an online community of employees to allow its members to go beyond daily discussions and further explore one trend or opportunity for the group. In this dissertation, we explore the dynamic of online collaborative concept generation at ideation stage. Therefore, we present three sets of results: firstly, we describe the general conversational dynamics of online innovation-oriented discussions, secondly contextualized community management practices, then the collaborative dynamics of concept generation. Finally, we try to establish a general framework enabling the analysis of an online innovation-oriented conversation. This research leads us to further discuss the links between open innovation platforms and the innovation organization
Koné, Malik. "Collaviz : un prototype pour la détection et la visualisation de la dynamique collective dans les forums des MOOC." Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA1029.
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have seen their numbers increase significantly since the democratization of the Internet. In addition, recently with the COVID-19 pandemic, the trend has intensified. If communication devices such as discussion forums are an integral part of the learning activities of MOOCs, there is still a lack of tools allowing instructors and researchers to guide and finely analyze the learning that takes place there. Dashboards summarizing students' activites are regularly offered to instructors, but they do not allow them to understand collective activities in the forums. From a socio-constructivist point of view, the exchanges and interactions sought by instructors in forums are essential for learning (Stephens, 2014). So far, studies have analyzed interactions in two ways: semantically but on a small scale or statistically and on a large scale but ignoring the quality of the interactions. The scientific contribution of this thesis relates to the proposal of an interactive detection approach of collective activities which takes into account their temporal, semantic and social dimensions. We seek to answer the problem of detecting and observing the collective dynamics that take place in MOOC forums. By collective dynamic, we mean all the qualitative and quantitative interactions of learners in the forums and their temporal changes. We want to allow instructors to intervene to encourage these activities favorable to learning. We rely on studies (Boroujeni 2017, Dascalu 2017) which propose to combine statistical analysis of interactions and automatic language processing to study the flow of information in forums. But, unlike previous studies, our approach is not limited to global or individual-centered analysis. We propose a method of designing indicators and dashboards allowing changes of scales and customization of views in order to support instructors and researchers in their task of detecting, observing and analyzing collective dynamics. To support our approach, we set up questionnaires and conducted semi-structured interviews with the instructors. As for the evaluation of the first indicators built at each iteration of our approach, we used various data sources and formats: Coursera (CSV), Hangout (JSON), Moodle (SQL)
Enmer, Abdallah. "Contribution à l'étude de l'équilibrage des lignes d'assemblage." Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0065.
One of the problems we faced in assembly line design or reconfiguration is to assign tasks workstations such that the workload for each one is the same. This is a crucial problem since the performance of the line is linked to its balancing quality. So, the aim of this thesis is twofold : since the problem is rare in the French literature, chapter one and two, establish a state-of-the-art on the assembly line balancing problem (ALB) by comprehensively review, update the literature up to date (define the problem, terminology, generalization/extension, related sequencing/scheduling problems) list and analyze the methodological techniques, while chapter three, explain the heuristics methods and an interactive one designed to solve the ALB problem and chapter four first, report on a computational experiment designed to assess the efficacy of proposed methods against others from literature and second, describes the software package based on theses methods. The later which is interactive, user-friendly and informative will be a valuable aid (decision aid , training, learning) for both experienced users and inexperienced ones in the ALB domain. The user can -choose a problem to solve (literature, randomly generated, enter from keyboard) - choose a method to run (from literature, designed) - update data (cycle time, processing times) - and, of course, uses all traditional data base management functions
Cho, Ju-eun. "Impact de l'internet sur le cinéma : avec des exemples de trois pays : la France, les Etats-Unis et la Corée du Sud." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080002.
Since the nineties, the spread of the internet and its devices has enabled many producers, distributors and moviegoers to change their attitudes towards movies. Our work has focused on demonstrating that the technical characteristics of the internet like the easy access, the hypertextuality and the interactivity can explain the changes noticed in the activities linked to the cinematographic field and the film itself.Although the reception of the internet by the public is extraordinarily fast, the market share of online film is still not really significant. Nevertheless, the growth of the digital generation and the simplification of techniques encourage us to believe in the potential of the internet.The distribution sector is the most influenced by the internet. The increased competition and the evolution of media chronology were inevitable. Despite the threat of easy piracy and the formation of the internal network of mega-media, it seems obvious that the internet will be a useful channel for independent films.Concerning the production area, all stages become participatory. The interaction between filmmakers and the audience and between the future audience and the works created new modes of movies as multi-stories movie, game movies, relay movies and movies with subsidiary texts.Glimpsed with the evocation of the technical features of the internet, the production and the distribution and the viewing of films are influenced by the internet in the sense of a popularization – which can result in public participation – and of immediacy. These two main effects were not synonym with a radical change in the area but, according to us, with a significant transformation in the cinematographic field
Jonsson, Inger. "Linodlare, väverskor och köpmän : linne som handelsvara och försörjningsmöjlighet i det tidiga 1800-talets Hälsingland /." Uppsala : Stockholm : Uppsala univ. ; Almqvist och Wiksell (distributör), 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35740527h.
Chérif, Asma. "Modèles de contrôle d'accès pour les applications collaboratives." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0217/document.
The importance of collaborative systems in real-world applications has grown significantly over the recent years. The majority of new applications are designed in a distributed fashion to meet collaborative work requirements. Among these applications, we focus on Real-Time Collaborative Editors (RCE) that provide computer support for modifying simultaneously shared documents, such as articles, wiki pages and programming source code by dispersed users. Although such applications are more and more used into many fields, the lack of an adequate access control concept is still limiting their full potential. In fact, controlling access in a decentralized fashion for such systems is a challenging problem, as they need dynamic access changes and low latency access to shared documents. In this thesis, we propose a generic access control model based on replicating the shared document and its authorization policy at the local memory of each user. We consider the propagation of authorizations and their interactions. We propose a optimistic approach to enforce access control in existing collaborative editing solutions in the sense that a user can temporarily violate the access control policy. To enforce the policy, we resort to the selective undo approach in order to eliminate the effect of illegal document updates. Since, the safe undo is an open issue in collaborative applications. We investigate a theoretical study of the undo problem and propose a generic solution for selectively undoing operations. Finally, we apply our framework on a collaboration prototype and measure its performance in the distributed grid GRID?5000 to highlight the scalability of our solution
Yvars, Pierre-Alain. "Poste de travail du roboticien pour l'étude, la simulation et la reconfiguration des lignes de production flexibles dans l'industrie manufacturière : application aux lignes d'assemblage robotisées d'un grand groupe industriel." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10127.
Dal, Cason Davide. "The thin line between bystanders and interveners: Factors explaining people reactions in case of workplace bullying." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/267195.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished