Дисертації з теми "Travail en horaires décalés"
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Simonneaux, Marine. "Évaluation de l’impact de la perturbation du rythme circadien sur la fonction de reproduction des mammifères femelles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ096.
Повний текст джерелаIn female mammals, optimal fertility relies on the synchronization of neuroendocrine and behavioral events regulating reproductive function. To this end, the circadian timing system, entrained by the light-dark cycle, sets the pace for the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Therefore, irregular light-dark cycles, such as those experienced in shift work, can disrupt reproductive function and compromise fertility, especially in women. This research aimed to assess the effects of circadian disruption on female reproductive function and investigate the underlying neuroendocrine mechanisms. In female mice, exposure to a light-based shift work model led to a major desynchronization of the preovulatory LH surge, which persisted for several weeks. This disruption was associated with altered transmission of daily signals from the master circadian clock to kisspeptin neurons, which regulate LH secretion. Additionally, reproductive outcomes in mice were affected, though without any major impact on offspring development
Demeer, Geneviève. "Analyse de l'absence chez le personnel soignant : comparaison : horaires de jour - horaires de nuit." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2M207.
Повний текст джерелаJohansson, Anja. "La détermination du temps de travail effectif /." Paris : LGDJ, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409387773.
Повний текст джерелаBrochard, Catherine. "Les salariés des temps atypiques de travail : leurs motivations et leurs expériences." Nancy 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN21028.
Повний текст джерелаThe new types of work schedules are modifying the life-styles of wage-earners. Their impact varies according to whether they have been chosen or whether they are compulsory. Three types of work schedules are being analyzed in this study: - desynchronized work schedules (week and work, night work, shift work) ; - reduced work schedules (part-time, half time) ; - flexible work schedules. Wage-earners who have accepted or chosen their new work-schedule describe their new life style in a positive way. The family (and especially children) benefit from the change in life style; sometimes, it is even the very reason for the change of work schedule (reduced work time). The new work-schedule, however, are to problems which the "non-volunteers" (i. E. Wage-earners who have experienced a compulsory change of their work schedules) heavily emphasize. The experience of a new life style goes along with a new mastery of the several types of time in everyday life (work time, family time, free time. . . )
Daugareilh, Isabelle. "La durée et l'aménagement du temps de travail : approche en droit comparé du travail." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D015.
Повний текст джерелаDuration of working hours: factor affectig in which work is performed, characteristic of subordinate labour. Law relating to duration of work based principaly but not exclusively on protection of employees. Workers' demands througthout history for reduction in working hours aimed at increasing leisure time and jos sharing. Legislation allowing derogations permitting working hours to be increased temporarily and excetionally, to meet needs to various occupations. Adjustement of working hours enables rational management of manpower with reference to production needs. Laws regulating adjustements in hours of work accept variations for individual workers and for entire workforces, provided collective bargaining agreements allows this. Legislation now just one method of regulating hours of work. Uncertain and vague implementation of idea of social order. Unprecedented normative power and responsability for partners in social contract who may conclude agreements on hours of work, constituting departure for general role. Industrial sector alone has power duty to ensure coherence of collective bargaining rules. Adjustement of hours of work means end of myth and dogma (autonomy of individual will versus legal rules), enabling experiment with law making process : historical compromise between different conceptions of employment contratc (based on civil law or state intervention)
Diop, Mayemouna. "La flexibilité de l'emploi en droit du travail français et sénégalais." Grenoble 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE21036.
Повний текст джерелаFLEXIBILITY IN EMPLOYEMENT HAS BEEN DESCRIBED AS THE ABILITY OF FIRMS TO REACT RAPIDLY TO THE DEMANDS OF THE MARKET OR AS AN INTERNAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AIMING AT RATIONALIZATION. IT COVERS PRACTICES AND VARIOUS REQUIREMENTS WHICH HAVE NOT THE SAME AIM. IT MAY BE ACHIEVED BY MEASURES TO RELAX LEGAL OR CONVENTIONAL REGULATIONS IN ORDER TO LOOSEN RESTRICTIONS, FACILITATE THE USE OF PARTICULAR TYPES OF WORK OR THE PLANNING OF JOBS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT FUTURE REQUIREMENTS, OR PROFESSIONNAL TRAINING. WE HAVE POINTED OUT SOME DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS RELATING EITHER TO THE LENGTH OF THE WORK CONTRACT, WHETHER FULL OR PART TIME AND THE ABILITY OF THE EMPLOYEE TO WORK FOR SEVERAL EMPLOYERS. FOR A LONG TIME, ONE HAS BEEN CONSIDERING FULL TIME PERMANENT EMPLOYEMENT WITH NO LIMITATIONS OF LENGTH, IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES LIKE FRANCE AS WILL AS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES SUCH AS SENEGAL. WHEREAS THE USUAL LABOUR MANAGEMENT RELATION BINDS THE EMPLOYEE TO THE EMPLOYER FOR AN UNDETERMINATE length OF TIME AND MAKES IT COMPULSARY FOR THE EMPLOYEE TO BE IN THE FIRM'S PREMICES, IN THE CONTEXT OF FLEXIBLE EMPLOYEMENT, THE STRATEGY OF THE FIRM IS TO EMPLOY A CHORE OF PERMANENT WORKERS AND IN ADDITION, TEMPORARY EMPLOYEES. THE TEMPORARY EMPLOYEES CONSTITUTE A RESERVE OF MANPOWER, ALLOWING THE FIRM TO MODIFY RAPIDLY THE AMOUNT OF ITS EMPLOYEES, ACCORDING TO ITS NEEDS WITHOUT SUPPORTING THE COST OF A LARGE PERMANENT WORK FORCE. THE NEED TO ADAPT THE SIZE OF THE WORK FORCE AND ITS SKILLS IN ORDER TO REACH THE TARGETS OF THE FIRM HAS BROUGHT ABOUT A FLEXIBILITY IN THE USE OF WORK FORCE AND, CONSEQUENTLY, IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
Hellström, Hans. "Struktur, aktör eller kultur ? : arbetstidspolitik i det industrialiserade Sverige /." Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37017790z.
Повний текст джерелаPartouche, Ariane. "Planification d'horaires de travail : méthodologie, modélisation et résolution à l'aide de la programmation linéaire en nombres entiers et de la programmation par contraintes." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090007.
Повний текст джерелаIsidorsson, Tommy. "Striden om tiden : arbetstidens utveckling i Sverige under 100 år i ett internationellt perspektiv /." Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409522781.
Повний текст джерелаMigan, Jacques. "Le traitement juridique des conditions de travail : le temps de travail dans les pays de l’Afrique noire francophone." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100178.
Повний текст джерелаOur work deals with the juridical processing of working time in the French speaking countries of black Africa. This theme was chosen because the steps taken for its alteration have always been considered in the legal, statutory and contractual text as being a full part of the problem of working environment. Up to a recent time, labor law in some African countries was based on the 15 December 1952 legislation. But from 1960, the African lawmakers have tried to replace the 1952 code by new codes. These latters went over again the 1952 code dispositions about working time without any significant improvement. So, a narrow relation does exist between the 15 December 1952 legislation and the new codes which were inspired by the French law. Must we let the African legislations elaborate upon the basis of the French system or on the contrary, must we bring some amendments including on fundamental points? To answer that alternative, we have first of all compared the different sets of regulation about working time problem in the African countries. Our second part is devoted to the "de facto" situation. And we have concluded by the fact that the 1952 code has not been elaborated in view of the African economic and social situation but of the French one. Therefore, a deep gap between the African regulations on working time and their real application appears. The problem of working time in Africa requires a more careful thought both in their economic and social consequences
Folgringer-Foucault, Sylvie. "L'aménagement du temps de travail : contribution aux rapports entre individuel et collectif." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100068.
Повний текст джерелаThe management of the working-time takes different forms, individual or collective (part-time; flexi-time, over-time, shift-time) which allow a possible fluctuation. This field has been regulated by different legislations which obey to various logics. It proves the wishes of the state to decentralize the power to create the norms, the interaction between law and collective bargaining, and shows a tendancy to promote theatypical forms of work. The decision to manage differently the working-time can be one-sided, semi-collective or collective. The one-sided decision still is very important, even if theorically, the jurisprudential rules allow a possible refusal of the wage-earner. The qualification and the juridical effects of the semi-collective decision are not certain. The collective decision (accepted by the unions) takes place more often in companies and becomes derogatory to the legal rules. Because of the negative conventional results we have studied, it seems that a better representativy of the unions who sign this kind of contracts should be required. More garanties about the level and the terme of this collective decision should be taken
Farbos, Bruno. "Sensibilité à la somnolence des personnels affectés en horaires postés : rôle des différences individuelles." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05S020.
Повний текст джерелаErnst, Stähli Michèle. "La flexibilité du temps de travail : entre autonomie et contraintes : une étude de cas en Suisse." Marne-la-Vallée, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129517.
Повний текст джерелаBy looking at how a new regulation is translated into everyday practices, this dissertation explores through a specific case study the degree of autonomy gained by wage-earners with the introduction of flexible working schedules. The guiding hypothesis is that by introducing procedural rules, flexitime opens the space for more daily negotiations, therefore reinforcing the effects of power relations inherent to employment relationships. The goal is to understand, through a sociological approach, how employees experience a form of working time that transfers responsibility for time management to them, and how they integrate work-related constraints with their life outside the workplace. The first part of the dissertation sets up the context of the case study. It offers a definition of flexibility by situating it in the broader history of work time, as well as in relation to various organizational forms and cultural transformations. An international literature review and a focus on the Swiss case are offered. In the second part, the focus is narrowed to a specific Swiss firm specialized in mail-order, where a system of individualized management of annual work time has been introduced. By combining a quantitative and qualitative approach, it is possible to analyze determinants of the practices internal to the firm and determinants related to employees themselves, as well as the way in which employees articulate these two orders of constraints. The results show that the implementation of flexible working time is not affecting daily negotiation practices so much as it is creating a set of informal rules. The autonomy of wage-earners is expressed first and foremost through their capacity to produce, negotiate, and legitimate these rules. The intraindividual level has proven to be central for the social regulation of flexible working time. It is not so much a question of legitimation, but rather the process of institutionalization nurtured by the energy invested by wage-earners in their personal quest for a compromise between their various roles, identities, and aspirations. It is this individualized regulation that is ensuring the success of the system under study
Gauthier, Christine, and Christine Gauthier. "Déterminants et significations des conduites d'hypertravail : une approche psychosociale et systémique- le cas des travailleurs et des travailleuses des secteurs du multimédia et des services informatiques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26738.
Повний текст джерелаTableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2015-2016
Loin de la réduction pressentie du temps de travail et de l’émergence d’une société des loisirs, est plutôt observé, depuis une trentaine d’années, un accroissement du temps consacré au travail pour les travailleurs les plus qualifiés, au Québec comme dans la plupart des sociétés occidentales (Burke et Cooper, 2008; Lapointe, 2005; Lee, 2007). Dans un contexte où les « arrangements temporels » (Thoemmes, 2000) tendent à s’individualiser de façon à mieux prendre en compte les réalités et les besoins des salariés et salariées tout comme ceux des organisations, cette thèse interroge le caractère « volontaire » des conduites d’hypertravail observées chez les travailleurs et les travailleuses des secteurs des services informatiques et du multimédia. Elle s’attarde plus particulièrement aux processus psychosociaux qui sous-tendent la construction de ces conduites. Inscrite au sein d’une approche psychosociale et systémique, notre recherche articule une théorie qui met en résonance les fonctionnements individuel et organisationnel, soutenue par le modèle du Système psychique organisationnel (Aubert et de Gaulejac, 1991), et une théorie de la socialisation plurielle et active, soutenue par le modèle du Système des activités (Baubion-Broye et Hajjar, 1998; Curie, 2000). Opérationnalisée selon une grille articulée autour de cinq niveaux d’analyse (intra-individuel, interpersonnel, positionnel, idéologique et de la tâche et de l’organisation du travail), nous avons mené 34 entretiens biographiques (26 hommes et 8 femmes) auprès de salariés et salariées des secteurs des services informatiques et du multimédia. Les résultats mettent en évidence trois types de processus menant à l’adoption de conduites d’hypertravail ; un cas-type qui illustre un processus de renforcement d’une identité professionnelle de « grand travailleur » ; un cas-type qui rend compte d’un processus de suraffiliation organisationnelle et d’assujettissement de la vie hors-travail; et un cas-type qui expose le maintien d’une conduite d’hypertravail défensive, dans un contexte de mise à l’épreuve organisationnelle. Au final, les résonances particulières observées entre ces niveaux et facteurs nous amènent à souligner l’intérêt de mieux comprendre l’hypertravail en prenant en compte les significations que les individus donnent à leurs conduites, à partir d’un regard diachronique et synchronique. Nous discutons également du caractère dynamique et évolutif de la relation individu-collectif-organisation et du rôle différencié des organisations et des collectifs de travail dans la construction des conduites d’hypertravail. Nous relevons enfin certaines implications des nouvelles pratiques et normes de temps de travail observées dans ces organisations, favorables au développement et au maintien de l’hypertravail. Mots-clés : temps de travail, longues heures de travail, conduites d’hypertravail, articulation travail-vie personnelle, socialisation plurielle et active, domination au travail.
Loin de la réduction pressentie du temps de travail et de l’émergence d’une société des loisirs, est plutôt observé, depuis une trentaine d’années, un accroissement du temps consacré au travail pour les travailleurs les plus qualifiés, au Québec comme dans la plupart des sociétés occidentales (Burke et Cooper, 2008; Lapointe, 2005; Lee, 2007). Dans un contexte où les « arrangements temporels » (Thoemmes, 2000) tendent à s’individualiser de façon à mieux prendre en compte les réalités et les besoins des salariés et salariées tout comme ceux des organisations, cette thèse interroge le caractère « volontaire » des conduites d’hypertravail observées chez les travailleurs et les travailleuses des secteurs des services informatiques et du multimédia. Elle s’attarde plus particulièrement aux processus psychosociaux qui sous-tendent la construction de ces conduites. Inscrite au sein d’une approche psychosociale et systémique, notre recherche articule une théorie qui met en résonance les fonctionnements individuel et organisationnel, soutenue par le modèle du Système psychique organisationnel (Aubert et de Gaulejac, 1991), et une théorie de la socialisation plurielle et active, soutenue par le modèle du Système des activités (Baubion-Broye et Hajjar, 1998; Curie, 2000). Opérationnalisée selon une grille articulée autour de cinq niveaux d’analyse (intra-individuel, interpersonnel, positionnel, idéologique et de la tâche et de l’organisation du travail), nous avons mené 34 entretiens biographiques (26 hommes et 8 femmes) auprès de salariés et salariées des secteurs des services informatiques et du multimédia. Les résultats mettent en évidence trois types de processus menant à l’adoption de conduites d’hypertravail ; un cas-type qui illustre un processus de renforcement d’une identité professionnelle de « grand travailleur » ; un cas-type qui rend compte d’un processus de suraffiliation organisationnelle et d’assujettissement de la vie hors-travail; et un cas-type qui expose le maintien d’une conduite d’hypertravail défensive, dans un contexte de mise à l’épreuve organisationnelle. Au final, les résonances particulières observées entre ces niveaux et facteurs nous amènent à souligner l’intérêt de mieux comprendre l’hypertravail en prenant en compte les significations que les individus donnent à leurs conduites, à partir d’un regard diachronique et synchronique. Nous discutons également du caractère dynamique et évolutif de la relation individu-collectif-organisation et du rôle différencié des organisations et des collectifs de travail dans la construction des conduites d’hypertravail. Nous relevons enfin certaines implications des nouvelles pratiques et normes de temps de travail observées dans ces organisations, favorables au développement et au maintien de l’hypertravail. Mots-clés : temps de travail, longues heures de travail, conduites d’hypertravail, articulation travail-vie personnelle, socialisation plurielle et active, domination au travail.
Far from the anticipated decrease in working time and the emergence of a leisure society, we have instead noted, over the last 30 or so years, an increase in the time devoted to work by the most qualified workers, both in Quebec and in most other Western societies (Burke and Cooper, 2008; Lapointe, 2005; Lee, 2007). In a context where “temporal arrangements” (Thoemmes, 2000) tend to be individualized in order to better take into account the realities and needs of both employees and organizations, this thesis questions the “voluntary” nature of patterns of overwork observed among workers in the data processing and multimedia sectors. It focuses in particular on the psychosocial processes underlying the construction of these behavior patterns. As part of a psychosocial and systemic approach, our research is structured around a theory that resonates with individual and organizational operations, supported by the Psychic organizational system model (Aubert and de Gaulejac, 1991), and a theory of a plural and active socialization, based on the Activities system model (Baubion-Broye and Hajjar, 1998; Curie, 2000). Operationalized according to a grid structured around five levels of analysis (intra-individual, interpersonal, positional, ideological, and task and organization of work), we conducted 34 biographical interviews (26 men and 8 women) among workers from the data processing and multimedia sectors. The results highlight three types of processes leading to the adoption of “hyperwork behaviour”: a case study illustrating a process of reinforcing a professional and “super worker” identity; a case study outlining a process of organizational hyper-affiliation and the subjugation of life outside work; and a case study describing sustained defensive overwork behavior, in a context of organizational trial. Lastly, the particular resonances observed among the levels and factors lead us to underline the importance of better understanding overwork by taking into account, from a diachronic and synchronic perspective, the meanings that individuals give to their behavior. We will also discuss the dynamic and evolving nature of the individual-collective-organizational relationship and of the differentiated role of organizations and work collectives in the construction of hyperwork behaviour. We conclude by highlighting certain implications of new work-time practices and norms that help develop and maintain hyperwork behaviour observed in these organizations. Keywords : working time; overwork; hyperwork behaviour; work/non-work articulation; plural and active socialization, domination at work.
Far from the anticipated decrease in working time and the emergence of a leisure society, we have instead noted, over the last 30 or so years, an increase in the time devoted to work by the most qualified workers, both in Quebec and in most other Western societies (Burke and Cooper, 2008; Lapointe, 2005; Lee, 2007). In a context where “temporal arrangements” (Thoemmes, 2000) tend to be individualized in order to better take into account the realities and needs of both employees and organizations, this thesis questions the “voluntary” nature of patterns of overwork observed among workers in the data processing and multimedia sectors. It focuses in particular on the psychosocial processes underlying the construction of these behavior patterns. As part of a psychosocial and systemic approach, our research is structured around a theory that resonates with individual and organizational operations, supported by the Psychic organizational system model (Aubert and de Gaulejac, 1991), and a theory of a plural and active socialization, based on the Activities system model (Baubion-Broye and Hajjar, 1998; Curie, 2000). Operationalized according to a grid structured around five levels of analysis (intra-individual, interpersonal, positional, ideological, and task and organization of work), we conducted 34 biographical interviews (26 men and 8 women) among workers from the data processing and multimedia sectors. The results highlight three types of processes leading to the adoption of “hyperwork behaviour”: a case study illustrating a process of reinforcing a professional and “super worker” identity; a case study outlining a process of organizational hyper-affiliation and the subjugation of life outside work; and a case study describing sustained defensive overwork behavior, in a context of organizational trial. Lastly, the particular resonances observed among the levels and factors lead us to underline the importance of better understanding overwork by taking into account, from a diachronic and synchronic perspective, the meanings that individuals give to their behavior. We will also discuss the dynamic and evolving nature of the individual-collective-organizational relationship and of the differentiated role of organizations and work collectives in the construction of hyperwork behaviour. We conclude by highlighting certain implications of new work-time practices and norms that help develop and maintain hyperwork behaviour observed in these organizations. Keywords : working time; overwork; hyperwork behaviour; work/non-work articulation; plural and active socialization, domination at work.
Mallard, Philippe Béraud Jean-Marc. "Le temps, facteur de structuration et de diversification du rapport de travail." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/mallard_p.
Повний текст джерелаSanséau, Pierre-Yves. "Aménagement-réduction du temps de travail et conditions de vie au travail et hors travail : analyse de l'introduction des horaires élargis de travail dans les services commerciaux chez France Telecom." Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO33022.
Повний текст джерелаDupaigne, Martial. "La dynamique de court terme de l'offre : une contribution à l'analyse de l'intensité d'utilisation des facteurs." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010007.
Повний текст джерелаAngeloff, Tania. "Le travail à temps partiel : question de temps ou redéfinition des représentations et du statut du travail des femmes ?" Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081668.
Повний текст джерелаBuzón, Cantera Ivo Erasmo. "La confection de horaires de travail des médecins d'urgence résolue à l'aide de la recherche avec tabous." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60888.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMallard, Philippe. "Le temps, facteur de structuration et de diversification du rapport de travail." Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/mallard_p.
Повний текст джерелаTime can affect labour relations in many ways both as a value on its own, and as a condition of other values settled by social law. Beyond the question of labour time as a juridical definition, its extension by the way of legal or conventionary assimilations and its proof, the element of time appears in many cases : it is the classic criterion for the measure of work ; it determines certain specific regulations such as overtime and part-time employment ; it can be a subject of negociation or exchange in collective bargaining ; it can be used in a collective or an individual way, depending on the kinds of employees or the tasks performed. . . The study of the criterion of time enables us to explain the characteristic obligations of the labour contract, then to give a part of the definition of this contract, and to present all the forms the labour relation can take due to the use of the criterion of time by the parties of the labour contract, the social partners or the legislator
Esquirol, Yolande. "Travail posté et syndrome métabolique." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU30285.
Повний текст джерелаThe multifactorial characteristics of cardiovascular diseases have led to efforts to identify and prevent risk factors for cardiovascular disease for the last four decades. While some of these factors are well established, others are only suspected. However, despite advances in therapeutic care, the cardiovascular risk might remain only of the leading causes of death in the 2030s, which raises the question of the existence of unknown or lesser known factors. Some occupational factors are now discussed in relation with the CVD. Among them, the organization of work schedules (shift work) is becoming more and more important in present society. The goal of this work is to contribute to answer to the following questions: the shift work impact, does it directly and independently of other cardiovascular risk factors? Does it occur as a cofactor on risk factors of cardiovascular disease such as established hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, or more generally on metabolic syndrome? What are the mechanisms involved? First, we have conducted a bibliography survey on the impact of shift work and cardiovascular risk, and then we have proposed a cross-sectional study incorporating many confounding factors on a targeted population (3x8). One hundred and ninety height 198 subjects (100 shift workers and 98 days workers) of a plant of the South-west in France have been involved. Social, professional and behavioral factors (food, tobacco, physical activity), anthropometric, clinical and biological data (specifically focused on lipid metabolism) were analyzed in relation to shift work. The metabolic syndrome has been studied according to several referenced definitions. Several indices of insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity were integrated. The analysis indicates that shift work is an explicative factor of the metabolic syndrome, taking into account a wide range of confounding factors. The shift work is mainly illustrated by hypertriglyceridaemia, hypoHDLémie, the raise of free fatty acids and lower blood glucose levels compared to day workers. Shift workers have a higher response of pancreas beta cells with a greater decrease in insulin sensitivity only registered with the index most recently proposed: the DISSE index. Shift work brings an additive effect on metabolic syndrome and more particularly the alteration of lipid metabolism and its effects on pancreas. Disturbance of circadian rhythms could be largely involved
Icard, Julien. "Analyse économique et droit du travail." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010317.
Повний текст джерелаCourbier, Sonia. "Du travail à temps partiel contraint au temps choisi : au-delà de l'expérience hollandaise." Grenoble 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE21026.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Bris Valérie. "La continuité des activités de production dans des systèmes postés discontinus : approche ergonomique des activités de relève de poste de l'encadrement de proximité." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20084.
Повний текст джерелаThis research is in line with the thematic of shift work schedules and their adjustment, specifically regarding the work activity carried out to assure the work continuity. Shift changeovers correspond to the periods during which a team replaces another in a shift work system. When the production is of a manufacture type, the changeovers are crucial for the good use of the means of production, for an appropriate realisation of the work, and for the insurance of the production continuity despite delay, cost, quality and security constraints. This thesis aim is to observe the line management changeover activities in an intermittent shift work situation which alternates between changeovers with or without meetings, and to highlight the different processes in use that contribute to the support and insurance of the industrial operations continuity. The changeover issue is tackled at the same time as a full-fledged object of study and as a mean of study of the used processes. The results were obtained from an ergonomic work analysis of aircraft final assembly-line supervisors. These results show that the line management changeover's importance is not yet sufficiently acknowledged; that the encounters facilitate information sharing both quantitatively and qualitatively for the mutual adjustement of representations; that the changeover activities are interlinked with line management activities; and finally that the development of the transmission content is situated and opportunist. At the end of this research work, the three-phase model of shift changeovers is discussed from the point of view of line management activity and solution principles are proposed. Thus is mentioned the fact that changeover processes are smothered in the line management continuous activity, and that to consider changeover as a limited moment of the global shift work process is reductive
Croteau, Jessica. "Perceptions et influences des habitudes alimentaires dans les premières années d'un travail atypique : une étude qualitative." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69485.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this dissertation is (1) to examine the perception that shift workers have of the influence of physiological, psychological, psychophysiological and socioenvironmental aspects on their eating habits in the first years of shift work schedule, (2) identify barriers perceived to have healthy habits, including healthy eating habits, by shift workers with atypical working hours and (3) identify factors perceived to facilitate the adoption of healthy habits, including healthy eating habits, by shift workers with atypical work schedule. The following question will be answered: What meaning do healthcare workers give to their eating habits in the early years of shift work schedule? Nine (N = 9) shift workers who have worked on atypical working schedule for less than 6 years and who are between 23 and 33 years old took part in semi-structured individual interviews. An inductive thematic qualitative analysis of the participants' discourse was performed using QDA miner lite software. The results indicate that familial and social contexts, seasons, as well as sleep are the main themes that influence the construction of the meaning of eating habits for shift workers in the first years of their practice. An important interrelation between the physical, psychological, psychophysiological and socioenvironmental elements seems to exist and complexifies the construction of meaning for shift workers. The participants' speech highlights the difficulties that may arise in connection with their social relationships, seasons and their sleep, but also how these elements may have made life easier in some cases. Factors such as being in a relationship with a partner who also works on an atypical working schedule and having a more stable and less busy schedule also seem to lead to greater well-being in the first years of this type of work for some participants.
Pavageau, Pierre. "Au-delà des horaires, le poids du travail sur la santé des travailleurs postés : étude ergonomique auprès des personnels de surveillance des établissements pénitentiaires." Paris, CNAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CNAM0505.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of our study is to compare the effects of three different forms of organization (traditional 9 to 5 hours, shifts of 6 hours and shifts of 12 hours). The study is based on eleven french prisons, using partcularly the prison guard staff. Complementary means of investigation including a questionnaire, a systematic analysis of work done and a statistical treatment were used to try to evaluate the difference between the effect of the working hours and that of the actual work on the mental and physical health of staff. THe staff who worked shifts of 12 hours had more positive results than the staff who worked 6 hour shifts. This was particulary due to the advantages of this type of shift (12 hours) had for their private and social lives. At the same time certain signs of tiredness do not allow us to conclusively favour this type of working rhythm. Beyond the work rhythm, the actual work content is also an important influence on the health of the workers
Si, Moussa Azzedine. "Les enseignants du second degre : pour une revalorisation par le temps de travail." Dijon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993DIJOE002.
Повний текст джерелаBecause of the number of teachers and students involved in the secondary school is the main compenent of educational system. Concerning supply of education, especially teachers, some problems occure : deterioration of work's conditions, care of workers, prestigeless. . . We think that it's possible to reduce these problems by a revaluation of teacher's work time. First, there are many relations between this work time and teacher's career components. Recruit teachers depends on how many hours are made by everyone. Concerning initial and professionnal training, we must suppose that training has a positive effect on teaching effiency. The relation is more easy to obtain with wages : it depends directly of the amount of work, in the general case of economics. In education, the analysie of teacher's work time showes the organisation of learning time. For teacher's obligations, we have noticed significative variations in class hours. But it is necessary to realize an evaluation of all the teacher's work time, by a microeconomic and empirical analysis. At least, all teacher have different "time's budgets", so different that it could be irrational to unknow it. To improve teacher efficiency, the introduction of "objective" values in the definition of work's time is recommanded
Katou-Kouami, Ako. "Étude critique du droit togolais des conditions de travail." Bordeaux 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR40019.
Повний текст джерелаOur study demonstrates that conditions of work to the togo are bad. This situation explains first by a regular and legislative default. Then, one observes a reticence of some workers and especially of the majority of employers to apply collective and individual protection norm. Finally, one notes a political will absence in social matter. One observes it easily through the inexistence of social laws. To that are added the thim budget of functioning allocated to loaded institutions to control the application of measures destined for reduce professional risks, and the quasi permanent concern of public authorities to prevent union organizations to express on the question of work conditions
Mirochnitchenko, Katia. "Le temps de travail dans la métallurgie : configuration de branche, stratégie des acteurs et coordination des entreprises." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX24003.
Повний текст джерелаSimon, Tarek. "Impact du chronotype sur les paramètres du sommeil en fonction de l'horaire de travail." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26002.
Повний текст джерелаLe présent mémoire vise à évaluer l’association entre le chronotype et les difficultés de sommeil en lien avec l’horaire de travail. À cette fin, 116 travailleurs du réseau de la santé de la ville de Québec ont complété le questionnaire de chronotype de Horne et Ostberg (MEQ; 1976) en plus de remplir quotidiennement un agenda du sommeil sur une période de 2 semaines. Les participants ont été comparés selon leur horaire de travail (travailleurs de jour n = 43; travailleurs de nuit n = 73) et selon leur chronotype (du matin n = 37; neutre n = 59; du soir n = 20) pour déterminer les effets indépendants et interactifs de ces variables sur la durée du sommeil durant la période de sommeil principale, la durée du sommeil sur une période de 24 heures et la somnolence après le travail. Tel que postulé initialement, les résultats indiquent que le chronotype et l’horaire de travail ont un effet sur la période de sommeil principale, mais pas sur le sommeil au cours de 24 heures, de sorte que les travailleurs de nuit ont une période de sommeil principale qui est significativement plus courte que celle des travailleurs de jour. De plus, le raccourcissement de la période de sommeil principale après le travail de nuit semble principalement observable chez les travailleurs avec un chronotype du matin ou un chronotype neutre, un patron de résultats qui concorde avec les connaissances actuelles sur le rythme circadien et qui corrobore plusieurs études antérieures. Le fait que tous les travailleurs ont obtenu une durée du sommeil équivalente sur une période de 24 heures suggère qu’il est possible de compenser pour une période de sommeil principale écourtée, en prenant des siestes. Ainsi, les résultats obtenus dans le présent mémoire mettent en évidence l’importance des siestes chez les travailleurs de nuit, surtout ceux et celles avec une prédisposition matinale. Enfin, l’absence de différence entre les groupes quant au niveau de somnolence après le travail suggère que la somnolence excessive n’est pas un problème qui se limite au travail de nuit.
Charles-Pauvers, Brigitte. "Implication organisationnelle et relation d'emploi flexible." Nantes, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NANT4016.
Повний текст джерелаStemming from the contradiction between the search for employees' organizational commitment and an ever-increasing employment flexibility, this thesis consists in analysing the influence of employment relations on organizational commitment. A state-of-the-art review of employment flexibility, as well as affective and continuance commitment, is carried out. Based on a mail questionnaire, an empirical, inductive approach leads to a comparative analysis of affective and continuance commitment of employees belonging to five french companies. On the one hand, results from previous research papers using organizational commitment scales (mowday, porter and steers's ocq; allen and meyer's affective and continuance commitment scales) combined with findings obtained from the 600 questionnaires collected were jointly assessed from a methodological viewpoint. On the other hand, this work gives a theoretical and practical insight into the organizational commitment profiles of flexible (part-time, short term and temporary workers) and permanent workers. The combined influence of work relation types with working conditions and practices in human resources management is studied more precisely : the influence of working schedules, the choice thereof, of management styles, and satisfaction with supervisors and co-workers is given special attention
Tirilly, Ghislaine. "Ajustement du rythme veille-sommeil et de la vigilance aux horaires fractionnés en mer : influence des facteurs circadiens et sociaux." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20038.
Повний текст джерелаThe present research examines the effects of fragmented work schedules on sleep/wake patterns and alertness at sea. This question is related to the general problem of adaptation of the sleep/wake cycle and alertness to atypical schedules. The study provides a comprehensive view on the effects of real crew activity and social organization on those variables. To assess the extent of the problem, two observational field studies were undertaken: 1) oceanographic crew members (scientists, technicians and officers) working on a 12h cycle (4-on/8-off watchkeeping) across 3 weeks; 2) fishermen working on a 3-4 hour cycle across 11 days. In both maritime environments, crew members rated their subjective alertness (VAS). Sleep logs were assessed for each crew member, and actigraphy data were collected from a representative sub-sample of each watch type. Observations were conducted throughout the oceanographic trip, and for two days at the beginning, the middle and the end of the trip on the fishing boat. In the oceanographic vessel, several strategies were observed depending on watch schedules and socializing at meal times. Sleep patterns were characterized by a biphasic distribution of sleep, and delay in sleep onset. Fishermen showed a quasi-polyphasic sleep (4 sleep episodes at least) imposed by fishing activities. Both operations showed a reduction in total duration of sleep in 24h. Despite the sleep fragmentation and reduction, the circadian fluctuations in alertness were maintained and an important decrease was observed in both operations. A pronounced dip in the afternoon indicates the presence of a 12h component of alertness. Results suggest that, even though sleep is fragmented, the circadian control of subjective alertness continues. Nevertheless, sustained physical activity and social influences play an important role on the level of alertness and the stabilization of circadian rhythmicity. From the results of this study, recommendations have been developed to reduce the potential impact of fragmented work/rest schedules on efficiency at sea
Devetter, François-Xavier. "L'économie de la disponibilité temporelle au travail : la convention fordiste et ses remises en cause." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50374-2001-27.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMarchand, Steeve. "L'effet de fatigue chez les travailleurs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26604/26604.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMerle, Karine. "Les facteurs clés de succès à la mise en oeuvre d'une politique d'A. R. T. T. Pour les cadres." Lyon 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO33013.
Повний текст джерелаBarrois, Amandine. "La journée de travail : organisation, valorisation et inégalités sociales." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL12011/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims at understanding how the working day is organized and how this daily organization of working time reveals deep social inequalities between workers, particularly between men and women. The numerous works that have studied working time in recent decades have generally favored the weekly framework as analysis angle. These works have also studied specific periods, such as night work and Sunday work. Although the trend is to estimate the working time over a framework of ever wider reference, the day yet appears to be a more precise and more original framework to assess the effects of diversification of work habits observed during the last forty years. The analysis of daily work schedules enables us to understand the difficulties people experience, particularly in terms of articulation of time. Quantitative investigations from the Working Conditions survey (DARES), including the construction of indicators and different statistical tools allow us to describe and analyze the daily organization of working time but also show the social issues forming around the workday. This latter is at the heart of inequality between workers (men and women ; parents and non-parents ; professional categories). Indeed, the capacity to attend work, to control one’s time and to make oneself available certain hours is at stake. The valuation of the time given by the workers, the ability to recognize, in other words to pay, the time spent available to the employer, but also to recognize the difficulty of the temporal organization of work and schedules which deviate from the norm are also at stake
Girier-Timsit, Marianne. "Le décompte du temps de travail." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA100024.
Повний текст джерелаAccording to some legal professionals, the counting of working hours has had its day. Managers would not “count their time”, the counting would be linked to the “civilization of the factory”, and more structurally, time would no longer be a relevant standard for measuring work. To counter these doubts, it is a question of affirming, on the contrary, the permanent usefulness of counting working time. The question of the importance of counting working time is closely linked to that of the role and place of working time. Firstly, in a negative sense, these questions relating to the counting of working time arise mainly from the questioning of time as a tool for measuring and limiting work. On the contrary, it is by affirming the permanence of time to be able and to fulfill such functions that the interest and importance of counting working time are revealed. Whether measuring or limiting work, time can only fulfill these functions if it is counted. In other words, it is the counting of working time which allows time to fulfill its functions of measuring and limiting work. The interest in counting working time is revealed in the light of the generic function of time as a unit of conversion. Time indeed constitutes an objective and universal unit of conversion, whether it is a question of determining the employee's commitment, of determining and quantifying the salary, of protecting by a minimum hourly wage, or of guaranteeing the protection of the health and time of freedom. However, these functions of measuring and limiting work are intrinsically linked to the nature of the employment contract, defined and characterized by the subordination of the employee to the employer. Questioning the importance of counting working time will consist of questioning the relationship it has with the existence, formation and construction of the employment contract as characterized by subordination. In this study, we seek to identify the challenges of counting working hours, the ways of proceeding, the difficulties encountered and the solutions provided. To determine whether the counting of working hours is a condition of the employment contract, it is first necessary to examine to what extent the counting of working hours proves useful with regard to labor law. It is a question of affirming the need to carry out a count of working time, which arises from a multitude of statements in the service of which the count of working time intervenes. To assess whether positive law meets this need, it is then necessary to evaluate the obligation to count working time, and to see how this obligation is understood, addressed and imposed by labor law. It emerges that the counting of working hours is a consubstantial element of the idea of employment and a structuring element of labor law. And it remains such, even if it is attacked today. Labor law therefore strives to impose the counting of working hours. This is one of its essential dimensions. Moreover, even when it opens breaches in the boundaries of working time, as with the daily rate, it does not succeed in completely abstracting itself from the need for counting, and even hourly counting. Counting resists everywhere, since it must resist, since it is the essence of subordination and therefore the essence of the salaried employment relationship
De, Wekker Lisvia. "Le nombre élevé d’heures de travail perturbe-t-il le rôle parental chez les parents d’enfants de 2-5 ans ?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30776/30776.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between working hours and parental role, for preschooler’s families who participated in the NLSCY, 2004-2005. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used. Parenting role was assessed using a validated scale. Multivariate regression models were computed, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Effect modifications of several factors were examined. RESULTS: Long working hours was not associated with lower score for parental role, compared to regular working schedule. However, part time work (<30/week) was associated with higher score (+0.8, p=0.03). A modifying effect of the parent’s gender was found. For women, long working hours were associated with a higher parental role score, but not for men (p interaction =0.07). CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that part-time work might have a beneficial effect on parental role. However, the study also suggests that women who work long working hours per week also have higher parental score.
Munch, Emmanuel. "Mais pourquoi arrivent-ils tous à la même heure ? : le paradoxe de l’heure de pointe et des horaires de travail flexibles : enquête sociologique auprès de cadres franciliens." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1009/document.
Повний текст джерелаAt the core of city life, work hours set the rhythm of daily activities and movement. We are therefore investigating the possibility of staggering the start of the work day in order to reduce congestion at morning rush hour. Suggestions typically put forward are based on considerations of a tactical nature: it is companies’ schedules which dictate that workers all commute at the same time. Thus, one proposed solution is to promote flexible work schedules. But our observations call this idea into question: in Île-de-France, as far as public transportation is concerned, flexible work scheduling actually magnifies the number of commuters who arrive at work during rush hour. This paradoxical observation makes it necessary to change the way we usually think of the rush hour phenomenon. Before trying to solve peak congestions problems, we need to understand the underlying reasons on which an individual’s work schedule choices are based. Why does a worker with flexible work hours commute during rush hour? Our research adopts a comprehensive approach and focuses on daily scheduling demands. It relies on the results of a survey (3202 respondents) and interviews (29). Respondents and interviewees are executives from the Plaine Saint-Denis area. To describe temporal strategies that explain voluntary commuting during peak hours, we organize our hypotheses along three dimensions :(I) There remain coupling constraints (school hours, meeting hours) which force workers with flexible hours to go to work during peak hours. (II) Workers with flexible hours and fewer coupling constraints prefer (late afternoon leisure, activities with family and friends) to arrive before or during the rush hour. (III) There are social norms regarding work hours (ideal of the disciplined worker or the dedicated executive) that limit flexibility by frowning on those who arrive overly late at the office. Confirmation of these hypotheses opens the way to a renewed reading of the rush hour phenomenon in the age of flexibility: individualized (work) hours do not result in desynchronized (work) schedules. In conclusion, it is by revealing the organic intricacy of work synchronisation that our thesis generates operational recommendations for reducing congestion at peak hours
Dahmen, Sana. "Approches de résolution pour la construction d'horaires de travail avec partage de ressources." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30182.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation addresses the personalized multi-day shift scheduling problem in a multidepartment context. In this context, the organisation is divided into a set of departments. Each department specializes in performing a specific function and has its own human resources. The staff demand in each department fluctuates throughout the day. An increase in demand in some departments may be accompanied by a decrease in others. Thus, the employees working in over-covered and possessing the skills required can be transferred to under-covered departments . This dissertation’s first objective is to adequately define the multi-department context and establish a generic set of work and transfer rules that are appropriate for the problem. The operating environments considered are highly flexible. The problem we focus on takes into account multiple aspects of real-life applications and involves a high level of integration of several steps from the decision-making process. These steps are: the shift scheduling, the line of work construction, the staff assignment and the department assignment. The problem consists in specifying, for each employee, daily work start times and durations in each working day as well as the composition of working periods in terms of departments. The sequence of shifts assigned to the same employee during the planning horizon must meet some work regulations. This problem becomes harder when multi-skill employees can work in different departments during the same shift. In order to develop a decision support tool to assist the multi-department organisations, we propose optimisation approaches based on linear integer programming and decomposition techniques. To model the problem, a classical approach consists of generating all feasible explicit schedules. A set covering model is used to select the optimal set of schedules satisfying a given set of regulations and covering the workforce demand. This conventional approach is not a viable alternative to solve the problem because of its large size. Therefore, we develop mainly three modelling approaches to reduce the size of the problem. The first approach enumerates all possible explicit shifts and links implicitly between them. Most of the papers interested in multi-department context impose full-day transfers. We introduce a new option more flexible that uses the concept of working blocks. A block is a set of consecutive periods worked in the same department during the shift. The employee can therefore start or finish the shift with a transfer block...
Kreeft, Daniel, and Daniel Kreeft. "Development and implementation of a computer-aided method for planning resident shifts in a hospital." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23011.
Повний текст джерелаCe mémoire propose une formulation pour le problème de confection d'horaire pour résidents, un problème peu étudiée dans la litérature. Les services hospitaliers mentionnés dans ce mémoire sont le service de pédiatrie du CHUL (Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval) et le service des urgences de l'Hôpital Enfant-Jésus à Québec. La contribution principale de ce mémoîre est la proposition d'un cadre d'analyse pour l’analyse de techniques manuelles utilisées dans des problèmes de confection d'horaires, souvent décrits comme des problèmes d'optimisation très complexes. Nous montrons qu'il est possible d'utiliser des techniques manuelles pour établir un ensemble réduit de contraintes sur lequel la recherche d’optimisation va se focaliser. Les techniques utilisées peuvent varier d’un horaire à l’autre et vont déterminer la qualité finale de l’horaire. La qualité d’un horaire est influencée par les choix qu’un planificateur fait dans l’utilisation de techniques spécifiques; cette technique reflète alors la perception du planificateur de la notion qualité de l’horaire. Le cadre d’analyse montre qu'un planificateur est capable de sélectionner un ensemble réduit de contraintes, lui permettant d’obtenir des horaires de très bonne qualité. Le fait que l'approche du planificateur est efficace devient clair lorsque ses horaires sont comparés aux solutions heuristiques. Pour ce faire, nous avons transposées les techniques manuelles en un algorithme afin de comparer les résultats avec les solutions manuelles. Mots clés: Confection d’horaires, Confection d’horaires pour résidents, Creation manuelle d’horaires, Heuristiques de confection d’horaires, Méthodes de recherche locale
This thesis provides a problem formulation for the resident scheduling problem, a problem on which very little research has been done. The hospital departments mentioned in this thesis are the paediatrics department of the CHUL (Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval) and the emergency department of the Hôpital Enfant-Jésus in Québec City. The main contribution of this thesis is the proposal of a framework for the analysis of manual techniques used in scheduling problems, often described as highly constrained optimisation problems. We show that it is possible to use manual scheduling techniques to establish a reduced set of constraints to focus the search on. The techniques used can differ from one schedule type to another and will determine the quality of the final solution. Since a scheduler manually makes the schedule, the techniques used reflect the scheduler’s notion of schedule quality. The framework shows that a scheduler is capable of selecting a reduced set of constraints, producing manual schedules that often are of very high quality. The fact that a scheduler’s approach is efficient becomes clear when his schedules are compared to heuristics solutions. We therefore translated the manual techniques into an algorithm so that the scheduler’s notion of schedule quality was used for the local search and show the results that were obtained. Key words: Timetable scheduling, Resident scheduling, Manual scheduling, Heuristic schedule generation, Local search methods
This thesis provides a problem formulation for the resident scheduling problem, a problem on which very little research has been done. The hospital departments mentioned in this thesis are the paediatrics department of the CHUL (Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval) and the emergency department of the Hôpital Enfant-Jésus in Québec City. The main contribution of this thesis is the proposal of a framework for the analysis of manual techniques used in scheduling problems, often described as highly constrained optimisation problems. We show that it is possible to use manual scheduling techniques to establish a reduced set of constraints to focus the search on. The techniques used can differ from one schedule type to another and will determine the quality of the final solution. Since a scheduler manually makes the schedule, the techniques used reflect the scheduler’s notion of schedule quality. The framework shows that a scheduler is capable of selecting a reduced set of constraints, producing manual schedules that often are of very high quality. The fact that a scheduler’s approach is efficient becomes clear when his schedules are compared to heuristics solutions. We therefore translated the manual techniques into an algorithm so that the scheduler’s notion of schedule quality was used for the local search and show the results that were obtained. Key words: Timetable scheduling, Resident scheduling, Manual scheduling, Heuristic schedule generation, Local search methods
Velasco-Gonzalez, Lucy Esther. "Rythmes et temporalités dans les organisations : effets des rythmes de travail (cas des horaires classiques et atypiques) sur les représentations, attitudes et comportements dans les organisations." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR2027.
Повний текст джерелаTo study the effects of the changeable entity: the kind or the used hour management on the working time constitutes one or our gals. If we refer to our hypothesis, the feeling or mastering time is linked with the kind or the implemented working hours. Thus, the salaried who respect traditional working hours feel mastering time, where as the orher ones practising unusual working hours do not feel it. The later apply cognitive strategies in order to make the restreints triggered by the used wording time more rational. Methodology: the survey carried by the means of a list of questions gave 522 good answers. The interviewed salaried worked according to traditional or unusual working hours and had either a clerical work or a company job. Main results: the kind or the contraints of the working hours positively depends on the caracteristics of the used working hours. * The representation of the working hours in terms of contraints mirrors the feeling of the incapacity to master the working hours. After having identified the salaried who master the working hours and those who do not, we have explained how the later develop rational strategies (whit an internal or external cause) (in a short term or in prospect) in order to rationalize and accept more easily the contraints of the working hours. To entail the feeling of mastering working hours, it needs the interaction of three main factors: relationship, management, opportunity for action. These three conditions remain present together for the salaried practising traditional working hours. We have explained how the three dimensional notion of the mastering of the working time could provide the salaried with the feeling of a reestablished balance in the management of his full time. There fore, the representations of work and working hours (do) depend on the practised working hours. These representations refer to: a) as for the working time: either an aspect of saving working time or a social-relation aspect. B) as for the job: either on aspect of professional fulfillment and involvement spread to the socio-professional field in the entreprise (salaried whit traditional working hours) or an aspect of a denial of professional fulfillment (salaried whit unusual working hours)
El, Byaz Ranya. "Construction et évaluation de calendriers de livraison pour la livraison à domicile." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31155.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, home delivery services have become more and more requested in order to respond to the needs of customers seeking to receive their products as quickly as possible and at a reasonable cost. Home delivery companies have di erent ways of offering time windows to their customers. Some, such as discount banners, aim to provide transportation solutions at minimal cost. These companies offer very little exibility to their customers regarding delivery terms. That's why, some customers could shop at other retailers who offer better service. Other companies offer customers more exibility by providing a wide range of time windows where their delivery could take place. This way of doing things inevitably entails additional costs, since drivers will make deliveries to their zones several times a week. These costs will then be transferred to the sales prices of the company. These two examples are two extreme methods for scheduling deliveries. One prioritizes costs at the expense of customer satisfaction. The second is doing the opposite by focusing more on customer satisfaction at the cost of higher transportation costs. This thesis has as objective to propose new techniques to offer a compromise between these two ends. These techniques will aim to offer many choices to customers while trying to keep shipping costs low. Our resolution scheme is done in two stages: 1. We will use heuristics to generate delivery schedules, 2. We will simulate customer arrivals from which we will calculate different values to measure customer satisfaction with transportation costs. The results will be interpreted in a way that looks at all technical aspects and compares satisfaction with transportation costs. Keywords: Home delivery, customer satisfaction, vehicle routing problem, time windows offer.
Cara, Gilbert. "La gestion par les flux dans les systèmes industriels : le cas du secteur informatique à travers l'étude de l'entreprise IBM." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON10017.
Повний текст джерелаKilic, Sinem. "Analyse des perceptions d'équilibre travail-hors-travail et leurs effets sur la satisfaction au travail et l'intention de recours aux pratiques d'harmonisation en France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010030.
Повний текст джерелаThe balance between personal and professional life is a recurring theme in our societies as well as the spillover phenomena, as well work on the personal life and the personal life on work, were seized by HR managers. As such, operational solutions have been proposed through, the researchers admit that family-friendly practices auch as flexible hours, childcare services on site, company conciergeries etc. However, these practices being relatively undeveloped in France so we can ask on which basis can they be implemented, and especially what their real role on employees’ work-life balance? This question requires an examination of perceptions of work-life balance and its possible effects on job satisfaction. A research model integrating perceptions of work-life balance, intentions to use harmonization practices, and job satisfaction, we. proposed. ln support of an empirical study on two samples of 210 and 224 French employees in the private sector, we have shown that these practices are considered as a real measure supporting work-life balance, and may be, in this sense, a lever for job satisfaction. It also appears that these practices and balance itself are subject to different assessments according to employees' profiles, and finally, while the these practices are in favor of work-life balance, the work-life balance may be a determinant of job satisfaction
Lepinteur, Anthony. "Temps de travail au sein des ménages, normes légales sur le marché du travail et bien-être subjectif." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E040.
Повний текст джерелаThe present thesis contributes to the literature by exploring how relative working time within households and changes in legal norms on the labour market are linked to subjective wellbeing. Bydoing so, this thesis matches the objectives of the Economics of Wellbeing in that it both considers subjective wellbeing as a subject of study per se and a tool for economic analyses. The first part ofthis thesis examines how relative working time in household affects subjective wellbeing. Chapter 1 demonstrates that being simultaneously overemployed may translate into higher wellbeing of both couple members. Chapter 2 shows that women working more than their husbands are likely to experience wellbeing losses. However, this Chapter is innovative in that it demonstrates that these losses in utility are not caused by violation of gender norms but because of the unfairness of the time allocation within household. The second part of this thesis adopts a different perspective sinceit takes subjective wellbeing as a tool to perform welfare analysis of labor market reforms. Chapter3 estimates the impact of working time reductions implemented in Portugal and France at the end ofthe 1990’s and concludes that workers experienced increases in job and leisure satisfaction. Chapter4 evaluates the impact of the increase in the Delalande tax in 1999. This tax aimed at keeping older workers in the labor force. Then, this Chapter shows that perceived job security of older workers increased thanks to the higher Delalande tax but this has been done at the cost of lower perceived job security of their younger colleagues
Giasson, Guylaine. "Le type d'horaires de travail et la détresse psychologique chez le personnel soignant." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24384/24384.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGanault, Jeanne. "L'autonomie temporelle et ses usages : un révélateur des inégalités sociales devant le temps." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. https://theses.hal.science/tel-03898523.
Повний текст джерелаDifferences in how working people use their time depending on their social characteristics (namely, class and gender), are well documented. What remains unclear is how much autonomy they have to spend their time as they see fit, and how their autonomy might change their relationship to time. This work aims at redefining time autonomy in paid work as a multidimensional construct, and reintroducing it into time use analysis for the wage-earner population. Using both quantitative data from the French Time Use Survey and Working Conditions Surveys, and qualitative interviews, I look into how time autonomy shapes the way people spend their time, and the way they think about time. I define time autonomy as the range of freedoms workers get (or lack) in shaping their work time, and I identify eight types of temporal autonomy, from "'absolute' constraints" to "'absolute' autonomy", that reveal inequalities in terms of social class, gender and work context. These types of autonomy are associated with different paid and unpaid work schedules : more autonomous men are more likely to work and value long hours in paid work, and more autonomous women are more likely to dedicate more time to unpaid work. The gender-segregated nature of autonomous workers' schedules is in part explained by an anticipatory selection of (some) women in autonomous occupations. This selection is not available to everyone : workers who are more constrained in their daily schedules are also more likely to have had limited options throughout their life course, yet I find they are less likely to express any desire to change their situation in the present or in the future, as they attempt to "make autonomy of necessity"
Vivian, Lara. "Essays on hours worked, time allocation and their implications for labour market outcomes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0707.
Повний текст джерелаEarnings inequality and job polarization have increased in a number of countries during the last decades, raising concerns of fairness and fostering debates on the implications for redistributive policies. This thesis asks two main questions. The first concerns the relevance of hours worked and their dispersion for earnings inequality, while the second question investigates the role of female labour supply in explaining the increase in job polarization. The first chapter uses data for the USA, the UK, Germany, and France and examines how earnings inequality is affected by the dispersion of working hours. The main result of this exercise is that hours dispersion can account for over a third of earnings inequality in some countries and that the relevance of the correlation between wages and working hours has been growing over time. The second chapter builds on the results of the previous one and explores the forces behind the upward trend of the correlation between wages and working hours. We find that greater aggregate output volatility and stricter labour market regulation tend to reduce the elasticity, while a greater trade share in an industry raises it. Finally, the third chapter investigates the relevance of female employment for job polarization in Germany. The analysis focuses on the role of high-skilled females in the evolution of a market for home production substitutes and finds that when top-employed females work more hours, low-skilled women are more likely to be employed
Martinez-Garcia, Esteban. "Les disponibilités de temps dans la construction des normes temporelles de travail." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210684.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sciences du travail
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished