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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Tratti callous-unemotional"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

Оновлено: 11 березня 2023

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Дисертації з теми "Tratti callous-unemotional"

Head, Sarah Elizabeth. "Parental influences on children's callous-unemotional traits." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2272.

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Research into offending behaviour has, in recent years, turned to investigating the pathways that may lead a person to offend. One of the major developments in this area is the recognition that the presence of high levels of callous-unemotional traits may delineate a particular subgroup of children that are at particular risk of becoming career offenders. The present study examined the relationships between children’s levels of callous-unemotional traits and a number of parental variables. 125 children (at initial assessment) from low decile schools and their caregivers took part in this study. The results indicated that several aspects of parenting (frequency and consistency of discipline, monitoring/supervision, involvement with children, positive parenting, and parental empathy) showed associations with callous-unemotional traits. These results both supported existing literature in this area, and highlighted important areas that need to be considered when planning and implementing interventions for antisocial youth.

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Clark, Julia E. "Positive Parenting, Conduct Problems, and Callous-Unemotional Traits." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2015. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2063.

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The current study tested the association of both positive and negative aspects of parenting with callous-unemotional (CU) traits and conduct problems. Caregivers of 92 kindergarteners were recruited to complete a series of survey measures. Overall, parent-report of negative parenting practices was not associated with teacher report of conduct problems. However, parent report of positive parenting practices (i.e., warmth, positive reinforcement, positive communication and cooperation) was negatively associated with conduct problems and CU traits. Interactions between positive parenting variables and CU traits in their association with conduct problems indicated that positive reinforcement related more strongly to lower levels of conduct problem behavior for youth with high levels of CU traits. However, positive communication and cooperation related more strongly to conduct problems for youth with lower levels of CU traits. These associations suggest that parenting may play a role in the development of CU traits and conduct problems.

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Gostisha, Andrew. "Neuroendocrine Function of Female Youth with Callous-Unemotional Traits." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/460.

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Callous-unemotional (CU) traits have been shown to designate a particular subgroup of antisocial youth that are particularly violent, recidivistic, and more likely to continue offending in adulthood. Disordered neuroendocrine function may be a mechanism for the development of CU traits. We examined whether altered stress responsivity served as a mechanism linking stress exposure and the expression of CU traits. Participants were 15 incarcerated adolescent girls with CU traits. Measures of CU traits, stress exposure, and salivary cortisol were collected. Results revealed girls with CU traits had higher morning levels of cortisol, an intact cortisol awakening response (CAR), and flatter diurnal rhythms. Results indicated the type of stressor being measured and time since stressor onset are crucial to the interpretation of neuroendocrine function. We also found support for a neurobiological model for the development of CU traits drawing on the Adaptive Calibration Model. Implications of the study and directions for further research are discussed.

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Kemp, Lindsay. "The Relationship Between Extinction Learning Processes and Callous Unemotional Traits." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28875.

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Callous Unemotional (CU) traits are an informative clinical construct, identifying individuals at risk of conduct disorder and treatment resistance. This thesis examines associative processes that may underlie this resistance. Specifically, extinction learning processes, which allow individuals to maintain expectations that match the outcomes of their behaviour. It is often assumed that there is an established link between CU traits and deficient associative learning of this kind. However, a systematic review of the current literature, described in this thesis, reveals that the evidence for this relationship is not consistent. This finding indicated the need for a study of this correlation using a well powered experimental methodology. As a result, six studies were carried out to develop a computer-based task able to measure extinction learning in large samples from the general population, with CU traits assessed using the Inventory of Callous Unemotional Traits (ICU). Findings from this series included repeated observations of CU trait associated extinction deficits. They also provided unique data on whether CU traits affect the relapse of extinguished behaviour. Furthermore, an unanticipated effect of cultural factors was observed. In consideration of these findings, observed parameters were utilised in the design of a large-scale confirmatory study with over 700 participants. This study also investigated the role of cultural variables in the structure and external validity of the ICU, as well as its association with extinction learning. This thesis therefore provides useful data on the relationship between CU traits and extinction learning, as well as on the cross- cultural validity of the ICU, representing a significant contribution to our understanding of the aetiology and phenotypic characteristics of CU traits.

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Baker, Rosalind Helen. "Callous-unemotional traits and emotion processing in typically developing youths." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7413/.

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The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether callous unemotional (CU) traits in typically developing children and adolescents show similar associations with behavioural and neural responses as seen in clinical and forensic populations. Three investigations, presented in Chapters 3-5, focussed on the behavioural and neural correlates of emotion recognition and processing. An exploration of the behavioural recognition of the six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, anger, disgust, and surprise) indicated negative correlations between levels of CU traits and accurate recognition of sadness and disgust (Chapter 3). Based on an examination of neural correlates of emotion recognition during a subliminal emotion processing task, which included angry and fearful faces, it was concluded that activation levels in the bilateral amygdala and insula during fear processing, but not anger processing, were negatively correlated with CU traits (Chapter 4). Finally, based on an investigation of the structural integrity in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus (UF), which is a white matter tract reported to be relevant in psychopathy, it was concluded that fractional anisotropy in the right UF was negatively associated with CU traits, but only in youths aged 16-18 years (Chapter 5). These investigations produced novel findings and advanced the understanding of the dimensional nature of CU traits in typically developing youths.

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Longman, Thea Pearse. "Parental Attributions, Callous-Unemotional Traits and Early Chidhood Conduct Problems." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13884.

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Childhood conduct problems (CP) are associated with significant impairment and disruption for the individual and their environment, and account for the greatest cost to psychological services of all childhood psychopathologies. It is now well established that the most chronic and severe patterns of antisocial behaviour are initiated early in life. Harsh and coercive discipline has been identified as one of the strongest risk factors for the development of early CP. Across a range of psychopathologies, parental causal attributions have been found to contribute to these negative parenting practices. In spite of growing evidence regarding the importance of parental attributions, no research has examined attributions in relation to CU traits. High callous-unemotional (CU) traits represent a risk pathway for particularly severe CP among children with early-onset antisocial behaviours. A meta-analysis of studies examining CU traits in children prior to five years of age demonstrated a significant positive relationship between CU traits and conduct problem severity, in the order of a large effect size. Research is needed to understand the contributions of parenting risk processes to early childhood conduct problems and CU traits. The aim of the current study was to examine parental attributions concerning conduct problems and CU traits among parents of children referred for conduct problems in early childhood. Eighty parents and their children participated in the research project. Participation required the completion of a number of questionnaires measuring parental attributions, negative parenting, parent depression, child temperament and child behaviour. Observational data of interactions between the parent and child were also coded to assess the emotional quality of the parent child relationship. Hypotheses concerning associations between parental attributions, parental responses and conduct problems were partially supported. CP severity was associated with internal attributions, negative affective responses and overreactive discipline. While internal and controllable attributions were associated with parent negative affect, no significant interactions were found between parental attributions and parental responses in the prediction of CP. Hypotheses concerning associations between parental attributions, parental responses and CU traits were not supported. CU traits were not associated with any parenting variable. It was found however, that parent generated negative attributions were associated with harsher parenting towards CU traits. The finding that parent generated negative attributions were higher for CP than CU traits was consistent with the suggestion that a child’s age may be a protective factor against negative attributions towards CU traits. The results of the current study suggest that while parental attributions may not play an important role in the development of early childhood CP and CU traits, they may influence how parents respond to particular child behaviours. Hence, exploring parents’ causal reasoning for child behaviour may provide important insights into dysfunctional parenting processes. The thesis highlights that the presence of CU traits is a marker for particularly severe conduct problems beginning in early childhood, and that greater understanding is needed of the parent child dynamics that shape early developmental trajectories associated with CU traits.

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Hawes, David Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "The treatment of conduct problems in children with callous-unemotional traits." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Psychology, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20660.

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The aim of this study was to determine the impact of callous-unemotional (CU) traits on treatment outcomes and processes in a 10-week behavioural parent training intervention with young boys referred for conduct problems (n=55, mean age 6.29 years). The study represents the first investigation of this risk factor in an early intervention trial, and extends the body of research examining the predictive utility of childhood CU traits in relation to subsequent antisocial behaviour. As predicted, CU traits were associated with greater conduct problems at pre-treatment, and these traits were related to poor treatment outcomes at 6-month follow-up even when controlling for baseline conduct problem severity. Consistent with the low levels of fearful inhibitions characteristic of the CU temperament, the behaviour of boys with high CU traits was less responsive to time-out discipline than that of boys without CU traits. Boys with high levels of CU traits also reacted with less affect to this discipline. The effects of CU traits on treatment outcomes and processes were not related to differences in treatment implementation by parents. These findings provide evidence that conduct problems in boys with CU traits are less responsive to changes in parenting processes than those of boys without these traits, and present important implications for the role of child temperament in the treatment of conduct problems.

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Panckhurst, Simon Joseph. "Do callous-unemotional traits and aggression predict later disruptive school behaviours?" Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5191.

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The current study obtained teacher and parent ratings of callous unemotional (CU) traits and aggression of 118 low socio economic middle school children at Time 1 and investigated the extent to which these variables individually and combined were able to predict school disruptive behaviours as by rated their teachers in Time 2 using multiple regression. Other Time 2 school variables were also assessed for their ability to add to the predictive model using stepwise hierarchical regression. The results showed both aggression and CU traits were predictive, but that CU traits did not explain additional variance over and above aggression. Two school variables were found to also explain additional variance over and above aggression at a statistically significant level. The first, that subtracted the total number of antisocial peers from total number of prosocial peers, was a stronger predictor than antisocial peers. The second, caregiver’s involvement in assisting their child with school homework, was assumed to represent parental support. Interpretations, limitations and areas for future research are discussed.

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Thornton, Laura C. "Adolescents with Callous Unemotional Traits and their Roles in Group Crime." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1559.

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The present study examined the relationship between callous-unemotional (CU) traits and self-reported leadership characteristics during group crimes among 614 first-time offenders participating in a large multi-site study. Resistance to peer influence (RPI) and self-esteem (SE) were hypothesized to mediate the relationship between CU traits and leadership during group crime. The results indicated that youth with CU traits were more likely to commit crimes with others. Further, although youth with CU traits reported they came up with the idea for crimes and were leaders during group crimes, these relationships were not mediated by RPI and SE. Future research on youth with CU traits characteristics during group crimes is recommended and implications for tailored treatments of this population are discussed.

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Golmaryami, Farrah N. "The Romantic Relationships of Young Adults with Elevated Callous-Unemotional Traits." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2255.

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Callous-unemotional (CU) traits, an affective component of psychopathy, are associated with problematic outcomes in social relationships in adolescents. However, their association with problematic romantic relationships in young adults has not been the focus of research. In a community sample of 216 college students (167 females) between the ages of 18 to 50, the current study examined the association between CU traits and several important romantic relationship outcomes. Results indicated that CU traits showed positive associations with dominance and partner’s perceived submissiveness, but negative associations with relationship satisfaction, even after controlling for impulsivity and antisocial behavior. On the other hand, antisocial behavior showed unique positive associations with short-term mating, psychological aggression towards partner, and partner’s perceived CU traits, even after controlling for CU traits. Further, results indicated that CU traits, impulsivity, and antisocial behavior showed positive associations with physical aggression towards partner. However, once these variables were entered in a multiple regression model simultaneously, none of these associations remained significant, suggesting it is the shared variance across these three variables that accounts for physical aggression. Implications for research and treatment are discussed.

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Більше джерел

Книги з теми "Tratti callous-unemotional"

Kimonis, Eva R., and Georgette E. Fleming. Disruptive and Conduct Disorders, Delinquency. Edited by Thomas H. Ollendick, Susan W. White, and Bradley A. White. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190634841.013.27.

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Disruptive and conduct disorders, comprising oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder, are characterized by behaviors that violate the rights of others or bring the individual into significant conflict with societal norms or authority figures. These disorders are highly prevalent, emerge early in childhood, and are associated with profound disability and societal burden. Given the heterogeneity in presentation and outcomes of youth with disruptive and conduct disorders, attempts have been made to identify more homogeneous subgroups. Notably, children displaying callous–unemotional traits (e.g., lack of empathy, remorse/guilt) represent a distinct group with severe, aggressive, and chronic conduct problems. To identify this and other important clinical considerations, it is imperative that conduct problem assessment is effective and comprehensive. Assessment findings should inform implementation of evidence-based treatment tailored to the child’s and family’s individual needs. Additional clinical considerations and recommendations for the next frontiers of research into disruptive and conduct disorders are discussed.

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Частини книг з теми "Tratti callous-unemotional"

White, Stuart F., and Paul J. Frick. "Callous-Unemotional Traits." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 369–75. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_77.

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White, Stuart F., and Paul J. Frick. "Callous-Unemotional Traits." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_77-2.

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White, Stuart F., and Paul J. Frick. "Callous-Unemotional Traits." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 528–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33228-4_77.

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Ray, James V., and Tina D. Wall Myers. "Callous–unemotional traits." In Routledge International Handbook of Psychopathy and Crime, 80–94. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge international handbooks: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315111476-6.

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von Tetzchner, Stephen. "Callous-Unemotional Traits and Psychopathy." In Typical and Atypical Child and Adolescent Development 6, 141–45. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003292531-27.

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Alshukri, Sophie, Kerry Lewis, and Luna C. Muñoz Centifanti. "Callous-Unemotional Traits and Empathy." In Clinical Forensic Psychology, 127–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80882-2_7.

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Frick, Paul J., and Tina D. Wall Myers. "Conduct Disorder and Callous-Unemotional Traits." In The Wiley Handbook of Disruptive and Impulse-Control Disorders, 37–54. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119092254.ch3.

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Fleming, Georgette E., and Eva R. Kimonis. "PCIT for Children with Callous-Unemotional Traits." In Handbook of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, 19–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97698-3_2.

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Sesso, Gianluca, and Annarita Milone. "Conduct Disorder, Empathy, and Callous-Unemotional Traits." In Handbook of Anger, Aggression, and Violence, 1–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98711-4_28-1.

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Marsee, Monica A., and Paul J. Frick. "Callous-unemotional traits and aggression in youth." In Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology., 137–56. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/12129-007.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Tratti callous-unemotional"

Mahadevan, Y., and W. Mandy. "15 Exploring the prevalence of callous-unemotional traits in children and adolescents with asd and their association and significance in relation to conduct problems." In Great Ormond Street Hospital Conference. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-084620.44.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Tratti callous-unemotional"

Genetic and environmental influences on callous-unemotional traits vary with age. ACAMH, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.12675.

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