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Статті в журналах з теми "Transports urbains – Performances":
1
Egmont, Patrick van, Peter Nijkamp, and Gabriella Vindigni. "Analyse comparative des performances des systèmes de transports collectifs urbains en Europe." Revue internationale des sciences sociales 176, no. 2 (2003): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/riss.176.0261.
2
Lima, Fernando Tadeu de Araujo, Nuno Montenegro, Rodrigo Cury Paraízo, and José Ripper Kós. "Citymetrics: sistema (para)métrico para análise e otimização de configurações urbanas | Citymetrics: A (para)metric system for the analysis and optimization of urban configurations." Oculum Ensaios 16, no. 2 (May 29, 2019): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.24220/2318-0919v16n2a4163.
Анотація:
Este artigo apresenta e avalia a implementação de CityMetrics: um sistema computacional que articula métricas de avaliação de desempenho a recursos e funcionalidades algorítmico‑paramétricas, de maneira a permitir analisar e otimizar diferentes aspectos relativos ao grau de eficiência e as possibilidades de operação de configurações geométricas e algébricas de uma área urbana. Assim, este artigo aborda o uso de recursos computacionais e ferramentas algorítmicas elaboradas para mensurar a performance de áreas urbanas, sob a perspectiva de princípios objetivamente mensuráveis do Desenvolvimento Orientado pelo Transporte Sustentável, um modelo de desenvolvimento urbano que visa a cidades mais autônomas e mais sustentáveis. A presente pesquisa visa a verificar como atributos mensuráveis, geométricos e algébricos (e, portanto, programáveis) podem ser utilizados em um modelo computacional que utiliza métodos de otimização para dar suporte a tomada de decisão no processo de projetos urbanos.
3
Poole Fuller, Esteban. "La Autoridad de Transporte Urbano (ATU) para Lima y Callao: análisis comparativo de su diseño institucional con las autoridades de transporte público de Madrid y Santiago de Chile desde la perspectiva de la gobernanza = The Urban Transport Authority for Lima and Callao: comparative analysis of its institutional design with Madrid and Santiago de Chile public transit authorities from a governance perspective." Territorios en formación, no. 14 (December 30, 2018): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/tf.2019.14.3894.
Анотація:
ResumenEl presente estudio analiza, desde la perspectiva de la gobernanza, el diseño institucional de la Autoridad de Transporte Urbano para Lima y Callao (ATU) creada en 2018, a fin de determinar en qué medida lasactuaciones de dicha entidad propiciarán el establecimiento de un modelo de movilidad urbana sostenible en la capital peruana. Se analiza un conjunto de aspectos del diseño institucional de la ATU y se plantea un estudio comparativo de dichas variables con respecto al Consorcio Regional de Transportes de Madrid (CRTM) y el Directorio de Transporte Público Metropolitano (DTPM) de Santiago de Chile. El estudio concluye que, si bien la creación de la ATU contribuirá a reducir la fragmentación existente en la gobernanza de la movilidad urbana del área metropolitana de Lima y Callao, el diseño institucional de la entidad presenta limitaciones que pueden dificultar que la actuación de la misma resulte eficaz en cuanto a contribuir a la implantación de un modelo de movilidad urbana sostenible. Se destaca, entre los ajustes necesarios al modelo institucional de la ATU, la necesidad de articular las actuaciones de dicha entidad con la regulación de los usos del suelo.AbstractThis study analyses, from the perspective of governance, the institutional design of the Urban Transport Authority for Lima and Callao (ATU by its acronym in Spanish), established in 2018, in order to determine to what extent the performance of this agency may favour the establishment of a model of sustainable urban mobility in the Peruvian capital. A set of aspects of the institutional design of the ATU is analysed and a comparative study of those variables is proposed with regard to the Regional Consortium of Transport of Madrid (CRTM by its acronym in Spanish) and the Directory of Metropolitan Public Transport (DTPM by its acronym in Spanish) of Santiago de Chile. The study concludes that, although the creation of the ATU will contribute to reduce the existing fragmentation in the governance of urban mobility in the metropolitan area of Lima and Callao, the institutional design of the entity presents limitations that may hinder the effectiveness of its intervention with regard to implementing a sustainable urban mobility model. The paper stresses out, among the needed adjustments to the institutional model of the ATU, the need to articulate the actions of this entity with land use regulation.
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Silva, Fander de Oliveira, and William Rodrigues Ferreira. "A LOGÍSTICA URBANA NA PRODUÇÃO DO ESPAÇO." Revista Cerrados 16, no. 01 (March 13, 2020): 159–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22238/rc2448269220181601159182.
Анотація:
Atualmente, embora o conceito de produção extrapole a materialidade, a categoria central que o tem fundamentado é a reprodução do modo de vida, sendo o trabalho um fator de extrema importância na condução das práticas de territorialização e desterritorilização, deslocando os fixos, fluxos e suas relações espaciais, ao passo que lhe escapa a reprodução do espaço e do capital. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender as relações do espaço geográfico, do território e das redes de transportes na proposta da Logística, chegando ao ponto de partida da Geografia dos Transportes caracterizado por análises dos sistemas de transporte que redundam na contribuição para as transformações territoriais nos seus eixos cardeais: a produção, reprodução, estruturação e reestruturação. Nesse contexto, a atuação do Poder Público e do empresariado no território brasileiro tem se pautado cada vez mais na racionalidade e na eficácia dos fluxos materiais, de modo que a moderna Logística surge como uma questão-chave para o desenvolvimento. Em uma macroeconomia em que a velocidade e as especificidades do produto têm vasta relevância, bem como a capacidade de conjugar o tempo, distribuir espaços de produção e abastecimento no quadro da cadeia de suprimentos (supply chains), percebe-se que a Logística evolui, tornando-se alicerce central na geração de vantagens competitivas.
Palavras-chave: Logística Urbana. Produção do Espaço. Geografia dos Transportes. Uberlândia.
URBAN LOGISTICS IN THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, although the concept of production goes beyond materiality, the central category that supports it is the reproduction of the way of life, with work being a factor of extreme importance in the conduct of territorialization and deterritorilization practices, displacing the fixed, flows and their Spatial relations, while it escapes the reproduction of space and capital. The purpose of this paper is to understand the relationships between geographic space, territory and transport networks in the Logistics proposal, reaching the point of departure of Transport Geography characterized by analyzes of transport systems that contribute to the transformations In the cardinal axes: production, reproduction, structuring and restructuring. In this context, the performance of the Public Power and business in the Brazilian territory has been increasingly based on the rationality and effectiveness of material flows, so that modern Logistics emerges as a key issue for development. In a macroeconomy in which product speeds and specificities have great relevance, as well as the ability to combine time, distribute production and supply spaces within the supply chain, it is noticed that Logistics evolves, Becoming central to the generation of competitive advantages.
Key-words: Urban Logistics. Production of Space. Geography of Transportation. Uberlandia.
LA LOGÍSTICA URBANA EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DEL ESPACIO
RESUMEN
En la actualidad, aunque el concepto de producción extrapole la materialidad, la categoría central que lo ha fundamentado es la reproducción del modo de vida, siendo el trabajo un factor de extrema importancia en la conducción de las prácticas de territorialización y desterritorilización, desplazando los fijos, flujos y sus relaciones espaciales, mientras que le escapa la reproducción del espacio y del capital. De esta forma, este trabajo tiene por objetivo comprender las relaciones del espacio geográfico, del territorio y de las redes de transporte en la propuesta de la Logística, llegando al punto de partida de la Geografía de los Transportes caracterizado por análisis de los sistemas de transporte que redundan en la contribución a las transformaciones territoriales en sus ejes cardenales: la producción, reproducción, estructuración y reestructuración. En este contexto, la actuación del Poder Público y del empresariado en el territorio brasileño se ha guiado cada vez más en la racionalidad y la eficacia de los flujos materiales, de modo que la moderna Logística surge como una cuestión clave para el desarrollo. En una macroeconomía en la que la velocidad y las especificidades del producto tienen una gran relevancia, así como la capacidad de conjugar el tiempo, distribuir espacios de producción y abastecimiento en la cadena de suministros, se percibe que la Logística evoluciona, convirtiéndose en el fundamento central en la generación de ventajas competitivas.
Palabras clave: Logística Urbana. Producción del espacio. Geografía de los Transportes. Uberlandia.
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Saidla, Karl, Anne Préfontaine, Carole Clavier, and Renaud Crespin. "Le transport actif à Ottawa (Canada) face à des obstacles politiques tenaces." Lien social et Politiques, no. 78 (April 5, 2017): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039344ar.
Анотація:
Le développement du transport actif (TA), c’est-à-dire des déplacements utilitaires incluant la marche, le cyclisme et l’utilisation des transports en commun, est une stratégie utilisée par les villes pour stimuler l’activité physique. Ottawa est un exemple remarquable de succès à cet égard considérant les taux de TA dans le contexte nord-américain. Cependant, la pratique du TA y est plutôt faible si on la compare à celle des résidents des villes internationales les plus performantes, suggérant que cette difficulté à accroître les taux de TA pourrait être associée au contexte socioculturel nord-américain. En appliquant le cadre des coalitions de cause, cette étude met en lumière l’importance d’une catégorie d’obstacles politiques tenaces qui nuisent aux efforts de promotion à long terme du TA à Ottawa. Des entrevues individuelles ont été menées auprès de 21 experts en TA basés à Ottawa. Ces données ont été complétées par une revue de la littérature. La recherche démontre que les défis que pose le contexte socioculturel nord-américain et le système politique dans lequel la ville s’insère représentent de sérieux obstacles à la promotion du TA. Considérées dans une perspective de promotion de la santé en milieu urbain, ces conclusions suggèrent que les tenants de la santé publique devraient diriger leurs efforts d’influence dans des domaines qui ne sont pas traditionnellement les leurs, soit la fiscalité municipale et les cultures professionnelles et les pratiques des domaines des transports et de l’aménagement urbain.
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Teixeira, Sérgio, Silvestre Torre, Marlene Vieira, and Luís Chá Chá. "Gestão Financeira Eficiente dos Transportes Urbanos – Um estudo de caso." e3 5 (November 4, 2020): 036–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29073/e3.v5i1.167.
Анотація:
A instabilidade dos mercados e tendências da atividade turística trazem desafios aos gestores das empresas que atuam no sector. Como preparar-se da melhor forma para a conjuntura económica, de modo a que as empresas consigam gerar lucro com os instrumentos financeiros e recursos ao dispor. Este trabalho procura efetuar uma análise às peças financeiras, medir através de rácios a performance de uma empresa de transportes da Região e, por intermédio da revisão bibliográfica, analisar o impacto duma gestão eficiente na empresa. Os resultados alcançados permitiram concluir que a empresa Horários do Funchal Transportes Públicos SA tem percorrido um caminho para o equilíbrio financeiro.
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Comtois, Claude, and Brian Slack. "Terminaux de transport et grande région urbaine [L'intégration de Hong Kong dans les performances de la Chine]." Perspectives chinoises 58, no. 1 (2000): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/perch.2000.2479.
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Ly, Cheikh, B. Fall, Brahima Camara, and C. M. Ndiaye. "Le transport hippomobile urbain au Sénégal - Situation et importance économique dans la ville de Thiès." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 51, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9643.
Анотація:
Cette étude décrit la situation et analyse l'importance économique de la traction hippomobile urbaine et périurbaine au Sénégal, à partir du cas de la ville de Thiès. Cent attelages (64 fiacres et 36 charrettes) ont été choisis au hasard et leurs cochers ont été interrogés. Les données collectées ont concerné les cochers et les chevaux, les caractéristiques et la gestion des attelages et enfin les résultats économiques (coûts, recettes et gains). Pour un travail de six jours par semaine, les fiacres et les charrettes ont généré pour le propriétaire de l'attelage un gain monétaire net quotidien moyen équivalent respectivement à 61% (2 202 francs CFA) et 66% (2 779 FCFA) de leur chiffre d'affaires quotidien respectif (3 600 et 4 200 FCFA). Les charrettes sont apparues légèrement plus rentables car leurs tarifs étaient plus élevés. L'importance économique du cheval est illustrée et des recommandations sont proposées pour améliorer ses performances et sa participation à l'économie nationale.
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Crobeddu, E., and S. Bennis. "Modèle de lessivage des matières en suspension en milieu urbain." Revue des sciences de l'eau 20, no. 1 (April 5, 2007): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/014906ar.
Анотація:
Résumé Le présent travail porte sur le développement et la validation du modèle conceptuel RQSM (Runoff Quality Simulation Model). Le modèle RQSM a pour objectif de simuler le lessivage des matières en suspension. Le modèle RQSM considère que l’accumulation est infinie sur les surfaces perméables et imperméables. Il utilise l’énergie cinétique des précipitations pour décrire la mise en suspension des particules solides. Il modélise le transport des matières en suspension à l’aide de la théorie des systèmes linéaires. Les charges de matière en suspension mesurées durant 22 événements pluvieux enregistrés à l’exutoire du sous-bassin (1) de l’arrondissement de Verdun au Canada et à l’exutoire de trois sous-bassins de la ville de Champaign aux États‑Unis ont servi à valider le modèle RQSM. Les charges de matière en suspension simulées par le modèle RQSM ont été comparées aux charges mesurées et aux charges simulées par le modèle de « rating curve » et par le modèle de lessivage exponentiel du logiciel SWMM. Les charges simulées à l’aide du modèle RQSM étaient comparables aux charges mesurées. De plus, la performance du modèle RQSM a été jugée équivalente à celle des modèles exponentiel et « rating curve ». Une analyse de sensibilité menée sur le modèle RQSM a mis en lumière l’influence de chaque paramètre sur la charge simulée.
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Filipe, Luis N., and Rosário Macário. "Elementos para a configuração de um sistema de informação para a gestão da mobilidade urbana." TRANSPORTES 19, no. 3 (July 2, 2011): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/transportes.v19i3.534.
Анотація:
<p><strong>Resumo</strong>: O presente trabalho pretende definir um modelo conceptual para estruturar a informação destinada a um Sistema de Informação para gerir o Sistema de Mobilidade Urbana, ao nível táctico, pelas entidades competentes. Para tal, será feito um enquadramento teórico relativo ao uso da informação na gestão e aos sistemas destinados a facilitar esse uso. Serão também definidos os conceitos de “Sistema de Mobilidade Urbana” e de “Autoridade Metropolitana de Transportes” e determinadas as principais funções inerentes a essa gestão. Com base nas funções determinadas, serão identificados os elementos de informação necessários para a gestão do Sistema de Mobilidade Urbana e proposta a estruturação dos mesmos. Para elaboração dos objetivos propostos recorreu-se a análise bibliográfica e à recolha de informação junto de algumas entidades, que prestaram informação bastante relevante para o efeito. Finalmente, serão apresentadas algumas conclusões sobre o trabalho efetuado.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: sistemas de informação, sistema de mobilidade urbana, monitoração, indicadores de desempenho<br /><br /><strong>Abstract</strong>: The objective of this work is to define a conceptual model to organize the information for an Information System to support the management of the Urban Mobility System, at the tactical level, by the competent authorities. To achieve this, a theoretical framework is conceived, regarding both the use of information in the management process, and the systems intended for that use. The concepts of “Urban Mobility System” and “Metropolitan Transport Authority” are also defined, and the main functions necessary for that management are determined. Based on those functions, the main information elements for managing the Urban Mobility System are defined, and an arrangement of such elements is proposed. For accomplishing the aforementioned objectives a literature review was carried out, as well as contacts were established with some transport authorities, which provided relevant information on the issues being studied. Finally, some conclusions are presented at the end of the document.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: information systems, urban mobility system, monitoring, performance indicators.<br /><br /></p>
Дисертації з теми "Transports urbains – Performances":
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Adjeroud, Heythem. "La coexistence des services institutionnels et artisanaux de transport collectif à Mila (Algérie) : Approche par la géosimulation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024MON30003.
Анотація:
Face aux défis socioéconomiques et environnementaux du XXIe siècle, l'optimisation des systèmes de transport urbain constitue une préoccupation majeure pour les autorités publiques à l'échelle mondiale.Cette thèse qui s’inscrit dans le contexte des villes moyennes algériennes, cherche à traiter la question de la performance d’un système de transport urbain où coexistent deux services de transport collectif :- Un réseau public institutionnel, structurellement organisé- Un réseau privé artisanal, auto-organisé. Ce travail portant sur Mila, ville moyenne du nord-est algérien, repose sur une enquête de terrain menée auprès de 923 usagers, des entretiens avec les acteurs locaux, et une modélisation multi-agents. Son objectif est d'évaluer la performance du réseau de transport urbain de la ville et de mesurer la capacité de sa configuration mixte, conciliant des services publics et privés, à répondre aux besoins en mobilité exprimés par les habitants.En analysant les résultats de l'enquête et des simulations, cette thèse décrypte les modes et les logiques de fonctionnement des deux composantes du système, ainsi que leurs relations de concurrence et de complémentarité, de façon à permettre une meilleure compréhension de la problématique, ouvrant la voie à des propositions d'amélioration visant l’optimisation du système et le renforcement de sa performanceIn the face of the socio-economic and environmental challenges of the 21st century, the optimization of urban transport systems is a major concern for public authorities globally.Situated within the context of Algerian medium-sized cities, this thesis aims to address the performance of an urban transport system where two forms of collective transport services coexist:- An institutional, structurally organized public network- An artisanal self-organized private networkFocused on Mila, a medium-sized city in northeastern Algeria, this work is grounded in a field survey involving 923 users, interviews with local stakeholders, and multi-agent modeling. Its objective is to assess the performance of the city's urban transport network and measure the capacity of its mixed configuration, reconciling public and private services, to meet the mobility needs expressed by residents.By analyzing the survey results and the simulations, this thesis decrypts the modes and operating logics of the two components of the system, as well as their competitive and complementary relationships, aiming to provide a better understanding of the issue. This paves the way for improvement proposals aimed at optimizing the system and enhancing its performance
2
Roy, William. "Réglementation, gouvernance et performance des services publics de transport collectif urbain." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00186987.
Анотація:
Le projet thématique de cette thèse est l'identification des modes de gouvernance pouvant favoriser l'émergence de meilleures performances dans la fourniture des services publics de transport urbain. Il s'agit de réunir et d'appliquer aux transports urbains, les questionnements relatifs aux mesures de la performance des services publics d'une part, et ceux portant sur la gouvernance (réglementation et contractualisation principalement) des marchés "défaillants" d'autre part.
3
Enriquez, Bilbao Nidia Marisol 1978. "Avaliação de desempenho do sistema BRT da cidade de Lima utilizando o auxílio multicritério à decisão." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258030.
Анотація:
Orientador: Maria Lucia GalvesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: As cidades necessitam de sistemas de transporte eficientes, tanto para a movimentação de bens quanto de pessoas e para a realização das atividades fundamentais. O transporte caracteriza-se, portanto, como uma das atividades principais para o atendimento das necessidades de crescimento dos centros urbanos. Uma das opções adotadas para o transporte público urbano é o sistema BRT (Bus Rapid Transit), que consegue atender a necessidades de transporte com baixo custo de implantação, provocando impactos positivos em sua área de influência. Diante disso, sistemas BRT foram implantados em muitas cidades no mundo, o que torna a avaliação de desempenho deste modo de transporte uma necessidade atual e de grande importância para o desenvolvimento adequado dos centros urbanos. O objetivo do presente trabalho é o de avaliar o desempenho do sistema BRT da cidade de Lima, no Peru, especificamente Corredor Segregado de Alta Capacidade (COSAC I). Para tanto, foi adotada a metodologia de auxílio multicritério à decisão, que leva em conta tanto as variáveis quantitativas como as qualitativas na avaliação. Esta metodologia foi aplicada de forma abrangente, considerando não apenas os interesses do usuário, mas também os impactos que esse sistema provoca no meio urbano. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram conhecer os pontos de vista e as necessidades dos atores, assim como o desempenho geral do sistema e o desempenho local para cada atributo
Abstract: Cities need efficient transport systems, both for the movement of goods and people as to the realization of the fundamental activities. Therefore transport is characterized as one of the main activities to meet the growing needs of urban centers. One of the options adopted for urban public transport is the BRT (Bus Rapid Transit), which can meet the transportation needs with low cost of deployment, causing positive impacts in its area of influence. Therefore, BRT systems have been deployed in many cities in the world, which makes the performance evaluation of the transport mode a current need and of great importance for the proper development of urban centers. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the BRT system of the city of Lima, Peru, specifically the Segregated Corridor of High Capacity (COSAC I). For this purpose, the methodology adopted was multicriteria decision aid, which takes into account both qualitative and quantitative variables in evaluating. This methodology was applied comprehensively, considering not only the user's interests, but also the impact that this system causes the urban environment. The results enabled us to know the views and needs of stakeholders, and the general performance of the system and the local performance for each attribute
Mestrado
Transportes
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
4
Roy, William Bonnafous Alain. "Réglementation, gouvernance et performance des services publics de transport collectif urbain." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/roy_w.
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Janjevic, Milena. "Urban freight consolidation platforms as a means of decreasing costs and enhancing performance of urban logistics chains within the framework of a market economy: Application to Brussels-Capital." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/232373.
Анотація:
Les centres de consolidation urbaine sont une mesure populaire dans la logistique urbaine visant à rationaliser les trajets liés aux livraisons en ville. Cependant, bien que les avantages environnementaux de ce type de dispositifs ont été largement abordés et documentés, un nombre important de cas d’implémentation n’ont pas parvenu à atteindre une participation suffisante et démontrer un modèle de fonctionnement viable. Les principaux obstacles liés à leur mise en œuvre relèvent des préoccupations financières et de l’acceptation de la part des acteurs de la logistique urbaine. Par conséquent, le succès de ces schémas logistiques est souvent conditionné par un fort soutien réglementaire et financier des pouvoirs publics. Récemment, de nouveaux types de modèles d'exploitation des centres de consolidation urbaine, proposant une gamme d'activités à valeur ajoutée, sont apparus, permettant une meilleure intégration de ces plateformes dans la chaîne d'approvisionnement. En outre, un grand nombre d'expériences récentes se concentrent sur la consolidation de fret à petite échelle, ce qui permet un assouplissement des besoins en ressources matérielles et humaines. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier le potentiel des plates-formes de consolidation de fret urbaines de diminuer les coûts et d'améliorer les performances des chaînes logistiques urbaines. En particulier, la thèse traitera des facteurs qui influent sur la viabilité de ces schémas logistiques dans le cadre d'une économie de marché.La thèse est structurée autour de trois questions de recherche qui portent sur (1) la viabilité du modèle traditionnel du centre de consolidation urbain basé sur les activités de transbordement et de consolidation, (2) les impacts des mesures qui visent à soutenir la mise en œuvre des schémas de consolidation et le niveau d’approbation des acteurs de la logistique urbaine qui en découle, (3) l’impact des nouvelles approches dans le domaine de plates-formes de consolidation de marchandises en ville et en particulier des nouveaux modèles d’exploitation de centres de consolidation urbains et des plates-formes de micro-consolidation. En abordant ces aspects, la thèse démontre que le modèle du centre de consolidation urbain traditionnel peut présenter une alternative viable, mais que le succès de ces schémas logistiques est soumis à un grand nombre de conditions qui sont difficiles à satisfaire en pratique. La thèse identifie les mesures d'accompagnement qui peuvent à la fois accroître la participation dans le schéma de consolidation et l'acceptation des acteurs, ainsi que celles qui rencontrent une réponse plus mitigée de la part des acteurs. Enfin, la thèse identifie les avantages potentiels des nouveaux modèles d’exploitation de centres de consolidation ainsi que les avantages de la consolidation à petite échelle.Urban consolidation centres are a popular measure in city logistics, which aims at rationalizing delivery trips in an urban area. However, although their environmental benefits have been extensively addressed and documented, many of the implementation cases fail to reach sufficient participation and demonstrate a viable business model. Some of the main barriers linked to their implementation are the financial concerns and the stakeholder acceptance. Consequently, the success of these schemes has often been subject to a strong regulatory and financial support from public authorities. Recently, new forms of urban consolidation centre operating models offering a range of value-added activities have appeared, allowing a better integration of these facilities in the overall supply chain. Furthermore, a large number of recent experiments focus on small-scale freight consolidation, relaxing the requirements for material and human resources. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the potential of urban freight consolidation platforms to decrease the costs and improve the performance of urban logistics chains. In particular, the thesis will address factors that influence the viability of these schemes in a framework of market economy.The thesis is structured around three research questions that address (1) the viability of the traditional urban consolidation centre model based on transhipment and consolidation activities (2) the impact of market-based accompanying measures for urban consolidation centre project implementation and the resulting level of stakeholder support and (3) the impact of new approaches in urban freight consolidation platforms and in particular those of new urban consolidation centres operating models and micro-consolidation platforms. By tackling these aspects, the thesis demonstrates that the traditional urban consolidation centre model can present a viable alternative but that the success of the scheme is subject to a large number of requirements that are often difficult to meet in practice. The thesis highlights accompanying measures that can both increase the expected participation in the consolidation scheme as well as the stakeholder acceptance of the scheme, and those that meet a less positive stakeholder response. Finally, the thesis identifies the potential benefits of new operating models of urban consolidation centres and of small-scale consolidation.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
6
Amaral, Miguel. "Modes d'organisation et performances : le cas du transport public urbain en Europe." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010070.
Анотація:
Cette thèse vise à contribuer à l'analyse de l'effet des choix organisationnels sur la performance des services publics locaux. Pour cela, nous nous intéressons au cas du transport public urbain en Europe. Ce secteur connaît depuis vingt ans des évolutions organisationnelles importantes, qui ont donné une vigueur particulière au débat sur la performance relative des pratiques organisationnelles. Les contributions de cette thèse sont les suivantes: d’une part, nous mobilisons une une base de données portant sur les réseaux français afin de montrer que les choix des autorités locales en matière de mode de gestion sont à la fois influencés par des facteurs économiques et non monétaires. Cela contraste avec les explications habituellement données, qui avancent les variables politiques comme seuls facteurs déterminants. D'autre part, nous montrons empiriquement que la capacité d'expertise des autorités locales est un déterminant clé de la performance des contrats de délégation. En troisième lieu, nous comparons les modèles d'organisation londonien et français des appels d'offres.
7
Kolosz, Ben William. "Assessing the sustainability performance of inter-urban intelligent transport." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5502/.
Анотація:
The implementation of ITS to increase the efficiency of saturated highways has become increasingly prevalent. It is a high level objective for many international governments and operators that highways should be managed in a way that is both sustainable i.e. environmental, social and economically sound and supportive of a Low-Carbon-Energy Future. Some clarity is therefore needed to understand how Intelligent Transport Systems perform within the constraints of that objective. This thesis describes the development of performance criteria that reflect the contributions of Information Communication Technology (ICT) emissions, vehicle emissions and the embedded carbon within the physical transport infrastructure that typically comprises three types of Intelligent Transport System. Active Traffic Management, Intelligent Speed Adaptation and the Automated Highway System are a collection of systems designed to transform the road network into a highly efficient and congestion free transport solution and all possess varying levels of uncertainty in terms of sustainability performance. The performance criteria form part of a new framework methodology ‘EnvFUSION’ (Environmental Fusion for ITS) outlined here. An attributional LCA and c-LCA (consequential lifecycle assessment) are both undertaken which forms part of a data fusion process using data from various sources. The models forecast improvements for the three ITS technologies in-line with social acceptability, economic profitability and major carbon reduction scenarios up to 2050 on one of the UK's most congested highways. Analytical Hierarchy Process and Dempster-Shafer theory are used to weight criteria which form part of an Intelligent Transport Sustainability Index. Overall performance is then synthesized. Results indicate that there will be a substantial increase in socio-economic and emissions benefits, provided that the policies are in place and targets are reached which would otherwise delay their realisation. To conclude, an integrated strategic performance management framework is proposed which performs socio-technical comparisons of four key performance areas between ITS schemes in order to identify energy and emission hotspots.
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Ilic, Milena, and Marie Svensson. "Interesting Key Performance Index (KPI) to compare before and after the introduction of urban distribution centre." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139029.
Анотація:
Linköpings kommun ska införa samordnad varudistribution för transporter till kommunens verksamheter. I nuläget går kommunens transporter direkt från leverantörerna till kommunens verksamheter. Med samordnad varudistribution kommer kommunens gods att anlända till en samlastningscentral där godset samlastas och körs ut till de kommunala verksamheterna. Förhoppningen är att detta ska ge en minskning av koldioxidutsläpp, partikelutsläpp, godshantering vid verksamheterna och minskad tung trafik vid kommunens verksamheter. För att kunna utvärdera resultatet av samordnad varudistribution krävs att transportpåverkan innan ett införande kan mätas och jämföras med dess påverkan efter ett införande. För att dessa mätningar ska kunna jämföras krävs att mätningarna genomförs på samma sätt före och efter införandet. Det finns en osäkerhet kring hur detta skulle kunna mätas. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilka nyckeltal som är intressanta att mäta före och efter ett införande av samordnad varudistribution. Många städer har svårigheter gällande trafikstockningar och miljöfarliga utsläpp som leder till negativa effekter för både människor och miljön. Godstrafiken behövs för att transportera gods från fabriker till slutkunder men påverkar både växthuseffekten och stadsmiljö genom miljöfarliga utsläpp, buller och trafikolyckor. En samlastningscentral minskar bland annat på de negativa externa effekterna av godstransporter i städerna. Intervjuer har genomförts för att undersöka hur andra verksamheter som infört samordnad varudistribution gått tillväga och vad de fått för resultat. Det framkom att det var svårigheter med att få fram transportdata före införandet och att transportsituationen är väldigt komplex. Genom att verksamheterna har mer information om sina godstransporter underlättar det för dem att planera och styra över dem. En ökad positiv miljöeffekt för staden skulle kunna nås om fler verksamheter använde sig av samlastning.
9
Guimarães, Vanessa de Almeida. "Avaliação do desempenho sustentável das alternativas de transporte urbano de passageiros." Volta Redonda, 2016. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/5963.
Анотація:
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Tradicionalmente, a avaliação de desempenho do setor de transportes direciona seu foco ao aspecto econômico, nem sempre considerando as dimensões ambientais e sociais. Entretanto, em função da possível extensão e magnitude dos impactos decorrentes da atividade de transporte, esta avaliação deveria ser feita considerando critérios de sustentabilidade. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor e aplicar um método que possibilite a avaliação conjunta das dimensões que compõem o conceito de sustentabilidade. A aplicação foi feita para avaliar o desempenho das alternativas de transporte urbano de passageiros disponíveis no trecho Rio-Niterói. Verificou-se que a utilização de valores pontuais (e/ou médios) dos indicadores (e/ou medidas) para avaliar o desempenho das alternativas de transporte pode conduzir o gestor (público ou privado) a decisões inadequadas, pois deixa de levar em conta as incertezas associadas a cada indicador (e/ou medida) de sustentabilidade. Mesmo a análise de cenários não é capaz de mapear as possibilidades de ocorrência, deixando dúvidas sobre qual alternativa tem a maior probabilidade de registrar um maior nível de sustentabilidade sustentável. Dessa forma, aplicou-se a Simulação de Monte Carlo a fim de verificar quais os possíveis desempenhos registrados pelas alternativas bem como suas probabilidades de ocorrência. Notou-se, por exemplo, que embora o ônibus tenha apresentado um melhor desempenho no cenário referencial, é a barca quem tem a maior probabilidade de registrar performances consideradas adequadas. Além disso, apesar da literatura sobre mobilidade sustentável incentivar a substituição do transporte individual pelo coletivo, o automóvel a etanol demonstrou que poderia apresentar, com baixa probabilidade, o melhor desempenho dentre todas as alternativas. Destaca-se, também, que o automóvel a gasolina, opção mais utilizada no trecho em estudo, embora tenha maior probabilidade de ter desempenhos superiores à motocicleta, registrou o pior índice de sustentabilidade possível entre todas as alternativas. Por fim, foi possível observar que a medida que mais influencia o desempenho das alternativas de transporte individual é o custo, enquanto a mais relevante para as alternativas coletivas é o tempo de viagem. Esta constatação pode auxiliar o gestor na decisão sobre que ações deveriam ser tomadas para aprimorar o desempenho do sistema de transporte, tornando-o mais sustentável. Dessa forma, verifica-se que o método proposto pode ser considerado útil apoio a decisão, auxiliando no direcionamento das políticas governamentais no setor de transporte e no gerenciamento das empresas operadoras.
Traditionally, the performance assessment in transport sector is focused in the economic aspect, not always considering environmental and social dimensions. Although, due to the possible extent and magnitude of the impacts related to transport activities, this assessment should be done considering sustainability criteria. Therefore, this study aims to propose and apply a method that allows the joint evaluation of the dimensions that compose the sustainability concept. The application evaluates the performance of the urban passenger transport alternatives available in Rio-Niterói route. We verified that the use of specific (and/or average) values of the indicators (and/or measures) to assess the performance of the transport alternatives can lead the managers (public and privates) to inappropriate decisions, because do not consider the uncertainty associated to each indicator (and/or measure) of sustainability. Even the scenario analysis is not able to map the probabilities of occurrence, leaving doubts about which alternative is more likely to have a higher level of sustainability. Thereby, we applied the Monte Carlo Simulation in order to verify the possible performance of each alternative as well as its probability of occurrence. We noted that, for instance, although the bus had the best performance in the reference scenario, the ferry is the alternative with higher probability of reaching the performances considered adequate. Besides, despite the literature of sustainable mobility encourages the replacement of the individual transport to the collective, the car by ethanol demonstrated that could reach, with low probability, the best performance among all the alternatives. We also highlight that the car by gasoline, alternative used the most in the route under assessment, is more likely to have better performance levels than motorcycle. Nevertheless, the car had the worst performance level, among all the alternatives. Lastly, we found that the "cost" is the measure that most influence the performance of individual alternatives while "time of travel" is the most relevant to the collective ones. These findings could help managers to decide on what actions should be taken to improve the performance of the transport system, making it more sustainable. Therefore, the proposed method could be considered useful in the decision support, assisting in the leading of government policies in the transport sector and in the management of the operating companies.
10
Costa, Alvaro Fernando de Oliveira. "Organisational form and performance of urban public transport in Western European cities." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1996. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7339.
Анотація:
In recent years, many Western European urban public transport systems have undergone major reorganisation, including London (1985), Madrid (1985), Manchester (1986), Zurich (1990), Antwerp (1991), Copenhagen (1991), Athens (1992,1993), Gothenburg (1993) and Hamburg (1996). Other cities are also about to implement reorganisationsin their public transports ystems. Despite this, and with the exception of the British case, relatively little attention has been paid in the literature to the determinants and effects of these changes. Nevertheless, economics has benefited from individual contributions from people involved in these reorganisations. The aim of this thesis is to address two main weaknessesin the existing literature on the organisationo f urban public transport. Firstly, there is a distinct shortage of studies integrating different experiences in terms of forms of organisation.a nd their important features. Hence, emphasisi n this thesis is placed on examining structural changes in urban public transport, using a broad typology of organisations, and to explore related changes in the conduct and performance of public transport systems. A second weakness of the literature is the lack of detailed evaluations of the link between forms of organisation and the performance of transport operators. The evaluation of this link is carried out making use of case studies of Metro de Madrid and London Underground. The key objective of this thesis is to explore the existence of a link between organisation of the urban public transport markets and the performance of transport operators. Ile empirical analysis supports the hypothesis that reorganisations induce changes in performance levels. Additionally, in the cases of Metro de Madrid and London Underground, efficiency and effectiveness values emerge as positively correlated which is contrary to evidence presented in previous work.
Книги з теми "Transports urbains – Performances":
1
Bernard, Thiry, and Tulkens Henry, eds. La Performance économique des sociétés belges de transports urbains. [Bruxelles]: CIRIEC, 1988.
2
Fielding, Gordon J. Managing public transit strategically: A comprehensive approach to strengthening service and monitoring performance. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1987.
3
Gangappa, K. Performance of urban passenger road transport service: A study of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. Delhi: Delta Pub. House, 1996.
4
Pellerin, Guy. Méthodes d'évaluation de la performance à l'usage des organismes publics de transport du Québec: Inventaire des statistiques, exploitation et finances, 1980-1986. [Québec]: Gouvernement du Québec, Ministère des transports, 1989.
5
Kesselring, Sven, Kevin Hannam, Peter Peters, and Aslak Aamot Kjaerulff. Envisioning Networked Urban Mobilities: Art, Performances, Impacts. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
6
Kesselring, Sven, Kevin Hannam, Peter Peters, and Aslak Aamot Kjaerulff. Envisioning Networked Urban Mobilities: Art, Performances, Impacts. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
7
Bruun, Eric. Better Public Transit Systems: Analyzing Investments and Performance. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
8
Bruun, Eric. Better Public Transit Systems: Analyzing Investments and Performance. Amer Planning Assn, 2007.
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Kesselring, Sven, Kevin Hannam, Peter Peters, and Aslak Kjaerulff. Envisioning Networked Urban Mobilities: Art, Creativity, Performance. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
10
Álvaro Fernando de Oliveira Costa. Organisational form and performance of urban public transport in Western European cities. 1996.
Частини книг з теми "Transports urbains – Performances":
1
Behrends, Sönke. "Factors Influencing the Performance of Urban Consolidation Schemes." In Commercial Transport, 351–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21266-1_23.
2
Brilon, Werner. "State of the Art of Roundabout Performance for Promoting of Urban Safety." In Transport and Safety, 147–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1115-5_8.
3
Mastrolonardo, Luciana. "The Urban Riverfront Greenway: A Linear Attractor for Sustainable Urban Development." In The Urban Book Series, 557–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29515-7_50.
Анотація:
AbstractThe strategy for sustainable mobility of December 2020 by the European Commission defines the alignment of the transport sector with the European Green Deal, for a 90% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions related to transport by 2050. This involves linear infrastructure of sustainable mobility in our cities. The research has a focus on strategies to increase sustainable travel, with a view to improving the quality of public space and reducing the weight of heavy transport. A coordinated planning directs actions toward mitigation tools and sharing of public spaces through necessarily systemic interventions, which identify a common scenario, involving increased use of city greenways connected with urban node. Working on the level of cycling in Pescara case study (IT) means to act to a systemic approach involving different kind of action on infrastructure and on active participation of inhabitants. Among all a focus was developed on the urban greenway on the riverfront, crossing stretches of great environmental and landscape quality with its seven kilometers, which potentially could connect peripherals part of the cities, currently in a state of semi-abandonment. The Biciplan guidelines, meeting the objective by a project involving youth activism, could help achieve sustainability objectives and improve environmental performance, starting from its integrated enhancement, developing the axis in an urban sense, reconnecting the city and improving the peripheral mobility of the city. The consequence of coordinated planning and directing actions toward mitigation tools are followed in the reduction of emissions at the local level, contributing to proximity of travel.
4
Nsamzinshuti, A., M. Janjevic, N. Rigo, and A. B. Ndiaye. "Short Supply Chains as a Viable Alternative for the Distribution of Food in Urban Areas? Investigation of the Performance of Several Distribution Schemes." In Sustainable Freight Transport, 99–119. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62917-9_7.
5
Corben, Bruce. "Urban Road Design and Keeping Down Speed." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 903–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_35.
Анотація:
AbstractThis chapter examines the opportunities available to a range of professions that directly or indirectly influence urban settings, to achieve Vision Zero safety outcomes. Starting with how we want our urban areas to be, the chapter examines options to eliminate the systemic risk of deaths and serious injuries on urban roads from three separate but related viewpoints; managing the threats to life and health posed by the energy embedded within the road transport system, the potential for crashes to occur and the exposure of those who use the system to severe injury risk from crashes. In urban settings, it is sometimes possible to eliminate or minimize vehicular traffic on selected roads and streets but, in general, it is either impractical or undesirable to do so. By physically separating vehicles from other vehicles, and from highly vulnerable road users, we risk creating the types of cities and towns that do not support our high level aspirations of highly liveable and healthy societies, with sustainable and equitable urban transport systems. Where physical separation is not viable, it becomes necessary to manage transport system energy to ensure risk remains below the levels we set for Vision Zero outcomes – no one being killed or seriously injured. The main focus of this chapter therefore is on the means by which we can manage kinetic energy, primarily through compatible combinations of infrastructure design and speed limit setting, to protect all who use urban roads. Vehicle technology and structural design are important considerations for system performance as a whole.
6
Corben, Bruce. "Urban Road Design and Keeping Down Speed." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_35-1.
Анотація:
AbstractThis chapter examines the opportunities available to a range of professions that directly or indirectly influence urban settings, to achieve Vision Zero safety outcomes. Starting with how we want our urban areas to be, the chapter examines options to eliminate the systemic risk of deaths and serious injuries on urban roads from three separate but related viewpoints; managing the threats to life and health posed by the energy embedded within the road transport system, the potential for crashes to occur and the exposure of those who use the system to severe injury risk from crashes. In urban settings, it is sometimes possible to eliminate or minimize vehicular traffic on selected roads and streets but, in general, it is either impractical or undesirable to do so. By physically separating vehicles from other vehicles, and from highly vulnerable road users, we risk creating the types of cities and towns that do not support our high level aspirations of highly liveable and healthy societies, with sustainable and equitable urban transport systems. Where physical separation is not viable, it becomes necessary to manage transport system energy to ensure risk remains below the levels we set for Vision Zero outcomes – no one being killed or seriously injured. The main focus of this chapter therefore is on the means by which we can manage kinetic energy, primarily through compatible combinations of infrastructure design and speed limit setting, to protect all who use urban roads. Vehicle technology and structural design are important considerations for system performance as a whole.
7
Rødseth, Ørnulf Jan, Dag Atle Nesheim, Agathe Rialland, and Even Ambros Holte. "The Societal Impacts of Autonomous Ships: The Norwegian Perspective." In Autonomous Vessels in Maritime Affairs, 357–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24740-8_18.
Анотація:
AbstractIt is often assumed that the driving force behind autonomous ship discussions is reduction in crew cost or societal concerns like improved maritime safety due to reduction in human errors, better working conditions for crew in land-based control centers, or sustainability goals achieved through higher efficiency and lower emissions. But in assessing actual projects that are underway other factors also stand out. For the container ship Yara Birkeland, for example, the major drivers were reduction in local truck transport through urban areas and the realizing of a completely green electric transport. For ASKO cargo ferries, improved reliability of their inter-warehouse transport was a significant additional factor. This chapter will discuss possible societal benefits and potential drawbacks of autonomous ships, as presented in literature as well as from our own research particularly from the European Union (EU) projects Advanced, Efficient and Green Intermodal Systems (AEGIS) and Autonomous Shipping Initiative for European Waters (AUTOSHIP), and the Norwegian project “Smartere Transport”. The focus is on cargo transport, but some concerns for passenger transport will also be explored. The analysis is mostly qualitative, but some quantitative key performance indicators (KPI) will be proposed. The perspective is mainly Norwegian, a society with a high living standard and a sparsely populated nation, where advanced ship technology is a necessary part of life and in general positively regarded. Nevertheless, many of the observations are deemed highly applicable to other countries and regions.
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Wang, Fengyuan, Xiaoting Chen, Lu Wang, Shiyuan Yan, and Fuquan Pan. "The Effect of the Urban Bus Stop on Human-Machine Characteristics in Public Transport." In Advances in Human Error, Reliability, Resilience, and Performance, 323–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60645-3_32.
9
Khayat, Arwa, Mohamed Kassab, Marion Berbineau, Mohamed Amine Abid, and Abdelfettah Belghith. "LTE Based Communication System for Urban Guided-Transport: A QoS Performance Study." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 197–210. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37974-1_16.
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Wu, Yanbin, Ken Kihara, Yuji Takeda, Toshihisa Sato, Motoyuki Akamatsu, and Satoshi Kitazaki. "The Relationship Between Drowsiness Level and Takeover Performance in Automated Driving." In HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Systems. Driving Behavior, Urban and Smart Mobility, 125–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50537-0_11.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Transports urbains – Performances":
1
Raicu, S., D. Costescu, and S. Burciu. "The evaluation of road safety performances in urban areas." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut140371.
2
Di Febbraro, A., and N. Sacco. "On performance sensitivity of urban transportation networks." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut080101.
3
Saraf, R. R., S. S. Thipse, and P. K. Saxena. "Experimental performance analysis of LPG four wheeler engines." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2007. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut070481.
4
Bullock, D. M., and C. M. Day. "Performance measures for managing urban traffic signal systems." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut090161.
5
Onatere, J. O., C. Nwagboso, and P. Georgakis. "Performance indicators for urban transport development in Nigeria." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut140461.
6
Al-Haji, G. "Integrated system for monitoring road safety performance in cities." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut110401.
7
Carrigan, C. E., and M. H. Ray. "A proposed performance-based highway design process: incorporating safety considerations." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut110441.
8
D’Souza, K. A., and S. K. Maheshwari. "Improving performance of public transit buses by minimizing driver distraction." In Urban Transport 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut120251.
9
Fancello, G., B. Uccheddu, and P. Fadda. "The performance of an urban road system using Data Envelope Analysis." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut130061.
10
Gousios, S., N. Garber, and Q. Lin. "Simulation based validation of time to collision as a safety performance surrogate." In URBAN TRANSPORT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ut090571.
Звіти організацій з теми "Transports urbains – Performances":
1
Al Hosain, Nourah, and Alma Alhussaini. Evaluating Access to Riyadh’s Planned Public Transport System Using Geospatial Analysis. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-dp10.
Анотація:
The King Abdulaziz Project for Public Transport in Riyadh city is one of the world’s largest urban transit systems being developed. The project aims to meet the demands of the city’s growing urban population while reducing traffic congestion, heavy private car dependence and air pollution. The performance of any public transport system largely depends on its accessibility. Therefore, this study evaluates the populations’ access to Riyadh’s public transport stations using network analysis tools based on geographic information systems.
2
Bhattarai, Rabin, Yufan Zhang, and Owen Yao. Evaluation of Net-free Erosion Control Blankets. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/23-026.
Анотація:
Erosion control blankets (ECBs) protect soil from being detached and transported by raindrops and subsequential overland runoff while assisting in vegetation growth. ECBs have several characteristics, for example, thickness, mass per unit area, tensile strength, elongation, water absorption, etc. However, the impact of these characteristics on the performance in mitigating erosion has yet to be well understood. To better understand the interactions of ECB properties with the detachment and transport of sediment, field tests were conducted at the Erosion Control Research and Training Center at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Various ECBs, including net-free ECBs and bionet ECBs, were tested on a 3H:1V hillslope under a 30-minute simulated rainfall event (2 in./hr). The soil used on the testing plot was silty clay loam. To investigate ECB effectiveness, total runoff volume, runoff start/end time, peak runoff rate, and sediment yield were monitored during each test. The results showed that water absorption played a big role in enhancing the performance of ECBs. The materials absorbed a large amount of water at the beginning and then acted as a wet film to cover the hillslope, reducing soil erosion by the overland flow when the soil was saturated. This wet film continued to reduce soil detachment, although it probably did not help with runoff reduction after saturation. Among the blankets tested, Profile F4 Netless was the most degradable and lightest one. North American Green DS75 had the most cost efficiency with $0.4 /sq. yd. There was no big difference in the installation method.
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Durán Ortiz, Mario R., and Fernanda Magalhães. Low Carbon Cities: Curitiba and Brasilia. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006890.
Анотація:
This paper addresses the following general questions: What kind of consumption patterns (e.g., land, carbon footprint, traveling) are generated by the more compact and traditional structure of Curitiba vis-à-vis the modernist urban sprawl of Brasilia?; What kind of urban and transport policies and actions can help these cities to become less resource and carbon intensive?; and, what can city or metropolitan governments do to help cities achieve these goals? The paper will show how the carbon footprints of Curitiba and Brasilia - in regard to land use distribution and transportation - are reflected in their motorized and fuel consumption rates and will suggest what can be done in policy terms to improve the cities' performances in terms of carbon and resource efficiency. The central premise is that the shape of a city affects its energy patterns, and that there is a relationship between its urban form, block structure, size, density, and land use with its travel behavior, split transportation modes, and carbon footprint. This paper was presented at the 45th ISOCARP International Congress held in Porto, Portugal on October 18th-22nd, 2009.
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Nimesh, Vikas, Bhaskar Natarjan, Saddam Hussain, and K. N. Hemanth Kumar. CATALYSING THE MARKET TRANSFORMATION OF ELECTRIC 2-WHEELER INSIGHTS FROM CONSUMERS AND STAKEHOLDERS. Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62576/aeee2w.
Анотація:
Electric two-wheelers (E2Ws) are becoming increasingly popular as an eco-friendly mode of transport. They provide a convenient and efficient option for short-distance travel, particularly in urban areas. However, the widespread adoption of E2Ws in India still faces several challenges. In order to address these issues, the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE) and International Copper Association India (ICA India) have teamed up to identify the key barriers hindering the adoption of electric two-wheelers in the market. The joint research project aims to identify effective pathways for a market transformation for E2Ws in India and promote the widespread adoption of E2Ws as a sustainable and efficient mode of transport. The goal of the study is to facilitate the increased adoption of E2Ws in India by examining the perspectives of various stakeholders, including consumers, fleet operators, financial institutions, dealerships, and service centers. The study was conducted in three zones - North Zone (Delhi, Lucknow), West Zone (Mumbai, Jaipur, Ahmedabad, Rajkot), and South Zone (Bangalore, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, Chennai). The study collected 1159 responses from both E2W users and internal combustion engine (ICE) users across India, as well as E2W dealers, in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the E2W market across the country. The survey results revealed key insights about the prevalence of E2W users, their awareness of ICE options, and their willingness to adopt more eco-friendly modes of transport. The report covers key aspects of E2Ws, including purchase, charging, performance, aftersales, safety, retrofitting, etc. Chapter 1 introduces the E2W ecosystem and sets the background and need for the study. Chapter 2 details the scope and methodology adopted for the research. Various barriers and motivating factors and their role in attracting or deterring consumers from or towards EV adoption, like charging practices, usage behaviour, ownership cost, purchase experience, etc., were delved into. The chapter also details the respondents’ profiles and the surveying techniques incorporated for the study, i.e., face-toface interviews with E2W users and In-person qualitative discussions with the E2W dealers. It was found that the younger generations had an equal propensity towards both ICE and E2Ws. Also, the average income of EV owners was found to be higher than the average income of ICE two-wheelers. Chapter 3 discusses the findings and key insights from the consumer survey. It examines the key perceptions of customers regarding E2W and ICE vehicles and their purchase and usage practices. The chapter discusses important current and future triggers and barriers to EV adoption. Access to charging stations, Safety concerns, high upfront costs, long charging times, etc., were found to be the major deterrents towards EV adoption. Chapter 4 presents the key insights from the dealer consultation and discusses the various obstacles, including warranty and battery replacement costs, low margins, the lack of supplier credit facilities, battery backup, the high price of E2Ws, and low speed. These obstacles impede their ability to sell electric vehicles and compete with other types of vehicle dealers. Nonetheless, as the EV market grows and develops, manufacturers and dealers will be able to overcome these obstacles and establish a more sustainable and competitive EV industry. Chapter 4 presents the key insights from the dealer consultation and discusses the various obstacles dealers face, including warranty and battery replacement costs, low margins, the lack of supplier credit facilities, battery backup, the high price of E2Ws, and low speed. These obstacles impede their ability to sell electric vehicles and compete with other types of vehicle dealers. Nonetheless, as the EV market grows and develops, manufacturers and dealers will be able to overcome these obstacles and establish a more sustainable and competitive EV industry. Chapter 5 provides recommendations to address the different barriers to E2W adoption in India, like high upfront costs of E2W, charging stations, safety issues, battery issues, etc. The whitepaper provides recommendations to address the challenges and barriers hindering the adoption of E2Ws in India. These recommendations cover various topics such as consumer perceptions, demand incentives, and product-related issues like servicing, safety, and performance. To encourage ix the wider adoption of E2Ws, the whitepaper proposes several measures, including improving the availability of charging infrastructure, regular maintenance of charging points, and investment support to charging and swapping players. Additionally, partnering with financial institutions to offer affordable loans is recommended to make E2Ws more accessible to consumers. These measures are critical to overcoming the challenges faced by E2W users and promoting the adoption of ecofriendly transport options in India. To achieve the target of increasing energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions by 33-35% by 2030, as set by the Indian government, it is crucial for the various stakeholders in the electric vehicle ecosystem to implement the strategies outlined in the whitepaper. The aim is to accelerate the adoption of E2Ws and support the government in achieving its goals.