Статті в журналах: "Transport standards"

1

Horvath, Eszter, and Adam Torok. "Development of road transport emission standards." Production Engineering Archives 7/2 (April 2015): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30657/pea.2015.07.02.

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2

Trowbridge, Stephen. "High-Speed Ethernet Transport [Standards Topics]." IEEE Communications Magazine 45, no. 12 (December 2007): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2007.4395376.

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3

Carter, Tim. "Fitness Standards for the Transport Industries." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 94, no. 10 (October 2001): 534–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107680109401014.

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4

Milosavljevic, Nada, Jelena Simicevic, and Goran Maletic. "VEHICLE PARKING STANDARDS AS A SUPPORT TO SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT SYSTEM: BELGRADE CASE STUDY / AUTOMOBILIŲ AIKŠTELIŲ STANDARTAI KAIP DARNIOS TRANSPORTO SISTEMOS PALAIKYMO PRIEMONĖ: BELGRADO ATVEJIS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 380–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2010.24.

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Vehicle parking standards are related exclusively to parking in connection with: planning, construction, development and/or extension and change of use of the existing developments. On the other hand, vehicle parking standards are the key measure for managing the level of traffic and they should be an integral part of the urban transport policy. This would allow the parking standards to be applied also to the land use management in accordance with accessibility to the urban zones by means of travel other than by car. This implies that in the course of producing vehicle parking standards the level of parking restrictions is to be defined depending on the Public Transport Accessibility Level. If Public Transport Accessibility Level of a zone the subject development belongs to is high, the number of parking spaces to be provided is restricted and customers are encouraged to shift to alternative transport modes. Thus defined parking standards assist in the development of sustainable transport system. This paper will present the methodology for calculation of parking standards depending on the accessibility of the zone the subject development is located within. Santrauka Transporto priemonių stovėjimo vietų standartai numato naujų automobilių aikštelių planavimą ir statybą, esamų statinių išplėtimą ar pakeitimą. Kita vertus, automobilių aikštelių standartai yra pagrindinė priemonė, padedanti valdyti transporto srauto lygi. Jie tūretų būti neatsiejami nuo miesto transporto politikos. Tai leistų įvairias miesto zonas vykti ne automobiliais. Tai reiškia, kad automobilių aikštelių apribojimai turi būti suderinti su miesto viešojo transporto sistema. Jei viešojo transporto prieinamumo lygis konkrečioje miesto zonoje yra aukštas, automobiliu aikšteliu skaičius turi būti ribojamas, o miestiečiai turi būti skatinami naudotis alternatyviomis transporto rūšimis. Taip automobilių aikštelių standartai padeda pletoti darnia transporto sistema. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiama automobilių aikštelių skaičiavimo metodologija, įvertinanti atskirų miesto zonų pasiekiamumą.

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5

Karpenko, Mykola, and Marijonas Bogdevičius. "INVESTIGATION INTO THE HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESSES OF FITTING CONNECTIONS FOR DETERMINING PRESSURE LOSSES OF TRANSPORT HYDRAULIC DRIVE." Transport 35, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12335.

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The article presents the findings of theoretical and experimental research on hydraulic processes occurring in the hydraulic drives of transport machines. The paper analyses the influence of hydrodynamic processes on the flow characteristics of fluid considering different hydraulic fitting connections. The performed analysis is based on numerical simulations using Navier–Stokes equations for the velocity field. The dynamics of fluid flow in the hydraulic system has been investigated taking into account the main parameters like system flow rate in the range of 5 to 100 L/min, the diameter of the pipeline making 1/2” and fitting standards DKOL, ORFS, BSP and JIS. As a result, pressure drop, power losses, resistance and flow coefficients at different fitting connections have been obtained. The article compares the provided results with the findings given employing the calculation method for the standard of equivalent length fitting. To simulate fluid flow, a mesh independence study and turbulence calculations have been performed. Simulation results have been examined conducting physical experiments on measuring pressure losses. Each experimental research includes three measurements of connections bearing in mind each fitting standard.

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6

Novikova, Alla, Mykola Velisevich, and Olga Pospishna. "DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT QUALITY CRITERIAS OF PUBLIC PASSENGER TRANSPORT SERVICE ACORDING TO THE EUROPEAN UNION EXPERIENCE." Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny 1, no. 265 (March 25, 2021): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2021-1-265-2-11.

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The article outlines possible ways to solve the scientific and applied problem of defining and measuring the quality criteria of public passenger transport services, taking into account the European Union experience. The main method of achievment this goal is the development and implementation national standards for defining quality criteria for passenger transport services and their measurement systems. They are based on identical translations two European standards: EN 15140:2006 and EN 13816:2002. Standarts provide the definition eight main criterias of service quality and three main methods of measuring these criterias. The paper presents examples of measuring certain criterias. These standards are intended for using by all modes of land transport (road, rail, urban electric and subway). The relevant parts of these standards have be used during designing appropriate systems for a particular mode of transport, The basic scheme of actions concerning management of quality of services of public passenger transport is developed. Extended examples of methods for measuring the quality of public passenger transport services are provided. The practical significance of the results are: national quality standards will be allowed; clear rules of framework agreements the public procurement procedure for transport services are established; the quality of transport services will improved. This is especially important in the context of the administrative-territorial reform Ukraine, when the bus route network changes. Keywords: measurement of service quality, public passenger transport, satisfaction of consumer needs, standarts, passenger transport services.

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7

Festag, Andreas. "Cooperative intelligent transport systems standards in europe." IEEE Communications Magazine 52, no. 12 (December 2014): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2014.6979970.

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8

Vasin, Ljubislav. "Quality standards and quality of transport services." Vojnotehni?ki glasnik 60, no. 2 (2012): 306–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg1202306v.

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9

张, 好智. "Adaptability Analysis on Urban Public Transport Standards." Open Journal of Transportation Technologies 03, no. 01 (2014): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ojtt.2014.31002.

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10

Clark, Laurel, and John Eaves. "Developing Standards for the Optical Transport Network." Optics and Photonics News 9, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.9.2.000018.

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11

Rim, Gwang-Nam, and Chol-Ju An. "Impact of Transport Infrastructure on Living Standards: Evidence from the Chinese Provinces Directly Affected by the "One Belt, One Road" Initiative." Business Perspective Review 4, no. 1 (August 2, 2022): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.38157/bpr.v4i1.431.

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Purpose: This paper discusses the impact of transport infrastructure on living standards in the Chinese provinces directly affected by the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. Methods: The impact of transport infrastructures such as railways and highways on people’s living standards, more specifically, the household consumption level in the Chinese provinces directly affected by the "One Belt, One Road" was analyzed based on data from 2008 to 2017 from National Bureau of Statistics of China and some databases related to the "One Belt, One Road". Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression were applied for analysis. Results: a)The living standards are not improved in proportion to the development level of railways and highways due to influences of various factors on living standards, b) the development level of transport infrastructure does not have enough impact on reducing the gap in living standards between urban and rural areas in the Chinese provinces under study, c) the development level of transport infrastructure has a relatively more significant impact on living standards in coastal provinces than inland provinces under study, and d) in the future, the measures to develop the transport infrastructure may provably contribute to achieving targets for enhancing the living standards under the realization of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. Implications: To enhance the living standard, the management of investment in transport infrastructure as well as other factors, such as employment, income distribution, supply of goods and services, price level, etc. affecting people’s living standard ought to be improved in line with the features of a given region.

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12

Kosmin, V. V. "Levels of automation and design standards in transport." Transport Technician: Education and Practice 3, no. 4 (December 2, 2022): 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2022.4.410-416.

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The existing scheme of classification of transport routes (railways and roads) depending on the intensity of the traffic load — flows of vehicles and speeds of their movement — is shown. It is noted that there are no universal classifications of transport routes at the global level within the same transport mode. There are national, regional and network-based pathway classification systems. Due to the development of digital traffic management systems in transport, classifications of lines of transport depending on the level of automation of the rolling stock have started to appear. The classifications adopted in the Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation for the main modes of transport — land (railways, roads), water (maritime and river transport) — considered. Bearing in mind the railway transport of the Russian Federation, the set of basic concepts adopted in the Provisional National Standard of the Russian Federation given the levels of automation in the control system of railway rolling stock in automatic and remote modes, predetermining the requirements for railway infrastructure — structures and devices, respectively. A similar situation found in the classification system for smart roads proposed by the International Road Congress Association. A conclusion on the need to revise the normative documentation for the design of construction (reconstruction) of communication lines to include a calculated level of automation formulated.

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13

Matuška, Jaroslav. "THE METHODOLOGY FOR DESIGNING ACCESSIBLE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION: THE CZECH EXPERIENCE." TRANSPORT 25, no. 2 (June 30, 2010): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.27.

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This is an attempt to ensure an effective process for creating a barrier‐free environment. It is necessary, within the scope of the methodological procedure, to analyse the whole system, search for critical areas and eliminate or prevent them when applying basic and specific properties of the previously defined elementary items. An essential pre‐condition for creating an accessible built environment for everyone is knowledge of effective legislation and technical standards and successful application by all responsible persons.

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14

Mladenovič, Luka, and Aljaž Plevnik. "Parking Standards, an Overlooked Tool in Transport Policy." Prostor 27, no. 2 (58) (December 23, 2019): 322–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31522/p.27.2(58).11.

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Rad predstavlja rezultate studije o standardima parkiranja provedene između stručnjaka uključenih u razvoj prostornih planova općina te daje pregled standarda parkiranja u više od 50 općina u Sloveniji. Unatoč činjenici da je problem parkirnih površina u gradovima velik izazov na koji treba odgovoriti, ova studija pokazuje da stručnjaci još uvijek nemaju dovoljno razvijenu svijest o načinima rješavanja tih problema.

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15

Green, L. "The Industry Commitment to Global Transport Safety Standards." Packaging, Transport, Storage & Security of Radioactive Material 15, no. 3-4 (March 2004): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174650904775295630.

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16

Feofilova, A. A., and O. Yu Bulatova. "TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDS IN INTELLIGENT ROAD AND TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE." Транспорт наука техника управление, no. 6 (2022): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36535/0236-1914-2022-06-8.

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17

Karpycheva, E. V. "Application of Documentation Standards." World of Transport and Transportation 17, no. 2 (September 13, 2019): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2019-17-2-198-204.

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The article deals with the problems of development and application of international and national state standards for records management, suggests interpretation of the concepts of «standardization» and «standard», depicts the state system and the interstate standardization system.The requirements that are set in the field of records management, procedures and rules of clerical work and maintenance of organizational and administrative documentation at state, municipal. corporate levels are presented. The article argues that some procedures within Russian transport companies should be updated.

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18

Domotenko, L. V., T. P. Morozova, A. P. Shepelin, and A. Yu Mironov. "Efficiency of bacteriological transport media quality control." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 66, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-6-374-378.

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The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of quality control of transport environments in accordance with the requirements of domestic and international standards using aerobic and optional anaerobic microorganisms. The results of a comparative assessment of the survival of 10 strains of aerobic and optional anaerobic microorganisms after storage in the semi-liquid transport environment of Ames for 24 and 48 hours at temperatures (4-8)0 C and (20-25)0 C in accordance with the requirements of domestic and international standards are presented. The methodology described in ICC 4.2.2316 causes a number of technical difficulties leading to non-reproducible results. The survival rate of microorganisms in semi-liquid transport environments under ISO 11133-2016 is of high quality. The quantitative assessment is based on two Swab Elution and Roll Plate methods recommended by the CLSI M40-A2 standard.

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19

Study Group on International Transp. "Summary of the 20th Transport Safety Standards Committee (TRANSSC20)." Japanese Journal of Health Physics 45, no. 3 (2010): 298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5453/jhps.45.298.

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20

Study Group on International Transp. "Summary of the 19th Transport Safety Standards Committee (TRANSSC)." Japanese Journal of Health Physics 45, no. 1 (2010): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5453/jhps.45.82.

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21

Study Group on International Transp. "Summary of the 21st Transport Safety Standards Committee (TRANSSC21)." Japanese Journal of Health Physics 46, no. 1 (2011): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5453/jhps.46.83.

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22

Wey, Jun Shan, and Junwen Zhang. "Passive Optical Networks for 5G Transport: Technology and Standards." Journal of Lightwave Technology 37, no. 12 (June 15, 2019): 2830–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2018.2856828.

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23

Panozzo, G., and G. Cortella. "Standards for transport of perishable goods are still adequate?" Trends in Food Science & Technology 19, no. 8 (August 2008): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2008.03.007.

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24

Vingrys, Algis J., and Barry L. Cole. "ORIGINS OF COLOUR VISION STANDARDS WITHIN THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY." Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 6, no. 4 (October 1986): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.1986.tb01155.x.

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25

Vingrys, Algis J., and Barry L. Cole. "Are colour vision standards justified for the transport industry?" Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 8, no. 3 (July 1988): 257–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.1988.tb01056.x.

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26

Urciuoli, Luca. "The risk of standards proliferation – An analysis of differences between private and public transport standards." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 116 (October 2018): 591–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2018.06.028.

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27

Herawati, Herawati. "Konsep Standar Halte dan Hentian Angkutan Perdesaan." Warta Penelitian Perhubungan 24, no. 6 (May 14, 2019): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/warlit.v24i6.1038.

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Rural transportation system is far behind when compared with urban transportation which resulted in decrease of rural transport demand. Therefore, for increasing the rural transport demand is needed a standards and concepts of rural transport for improving transport services both in infrastructure and facilities. Bus stop for rural transport is One of the support facilities that no avilable. This standar involves a specific standard for rural transport. The study was conducted in Jember and District Kalianda. The method used in this study is a qualitative and quantitative analysis. Analyses were performed using standard guidelines stop I stops of public transport which will be further developed a standard stop for rural transport. The analysis is based on the major facilities and supporting public transport standards issued by the Directorate General of Land Transportation can not be met properly. In other hands, planning of bus stop is appropriate but layout of bus stops at the intersection is outside the specified minimum standards. To obtain the size of the standard concept of bus stop (length: 3m-5meter ), location of bus stops that have noticed the condition of the land use and supporting facilities of bus stop such as pedestrian markings should be provided.Keywords: rural, bus stop, rural transport Sistem transportasi perdesaan memang jauh ketinggalan jika dibanding dengan transportasi perkotaan yang berakibat pada kurang diminatinya angkutan perdesaan. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu standar-standar dan konsep peningkatan pelayanan angkutan perdesan baik dari sisi prasarana dan sarana maupun dari kompenen utama dan komponen penunjang. Salah satu fasilitas pendukung yang belum ada standarnya adalah halte dan tempat hentian untuk angkutan perdesaan. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu standar khusus untuk angkutan perdesaan. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten ]ember dan Kabupaten Kalianda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa fasilitas utama dan penunjang sesuai standar angkutan umum yang dikeluarkan oleh Ditjen Perhubungan Darat tidak dapat terpenuhi dengan baik sedangkan dari sisi perencanaan sudah sesuai kecuali letak halte dengan persimpangan masih diluar standar minimum yang telah ditentukan. Untuk konsep standar halte diperoleh ukuran halte (panjang 5 meter-3meter), lokasi halte yang telah memperhatikan kondisi tata guna lahan dan fasilitas pendukung halte seperti marka penyeberang jalan harus disediakan.Kata Kunci : perdesaan, halte, angkutan perdesaan

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28

Hu, Bo Hua, and Wan Zheng Ai. "Analysis of China's Inland Navigation Standards." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 2811–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.2811.

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The development of waterway transport is supported strongly by China's inland navigation standards, but there are deficiencies in inland navigation standards. The inadequacies of China's inland navigation standards are analyzed in this paper, and suggestions for improving standards are put forward, this paper provides a reference to the amendment of inland navigation standards.

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29

Cvelihárová, D., and A. Pauliková. "Water efficiency management systems for transport drinking water supply." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 900, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/900/1/012005.

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Abstract The quantity of management systems standards (MSSs) is increasing every year. Standards are significantly associated with common requirements and differences for many providers of services as well as for manufactures. The drinking water supply management system is certainly one of the important services. The aim of this article is to introduce a basic application of management system (MS) using visual management. The standard applied in a model, defined as a complex solitaire or “singlet”, is the Water Efficiency Management Systems (WEMS) standard. Visualised model is built by creating clusters using a software program designated for Small World Networks. This phase is preceded by the compilation of Excel spreadsheets, where requirements are divided into common and specific ones. The resulting cluster of selected areas includes the context of organizations that provide services, considering the common and specific requirements of interesting parties, managing their leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation and improvement. It could be very useful to extend the cluster by another standard depending on the needs of the drinking water supplier and the transport piping systems at the site. This approach to management systems intensively clarifies managerial decision-making processes related to the implementation of the WEMS.

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30

Jagodzińska, Natalia. "APPLICATION OF FOOD SAFETY SYSTEMS IN THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego. Ekonomika Transportu i Logistyka 71 (November 10, 2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5731.

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The purpose of the publication is to demonstrate the application of food safety management systems in the transport industry. Identify the food safety management standards and their choice and use in the area of food transport. Indication of food safety management standards and their choice and application in the area of food transport. A set of standards slightly different from each other and their use in the transport industry will be presented. The summary will highlight the benefits of the implementation and certification of the management system in the transport company. The benefits of the implementation and certification of the management system in the transport company will be presented.

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31

Gailienė, Inesa, Martynas Gedaminskas, and Alfredas Laurinavičius. "APPROACH TO RATIONAL CALCULATION OF SUPERELEVATION IN DUAL GAUGE TRACK." Transport 33, no. 3 (July 10, 2018): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2018.1577.

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One of the technical possibilities to solve a gauge crossing is to install a dual gauge. This solution has several advantages and disadvantages discussed in this paper. Lack of experience of maintenance and lack of standards for the design of dual track are among the most important disadvantages. The wheel and rail interface on track curves is more difficult than in straight sections. Therefore, the subject of the present article is a geometrical parameter of dual gauge track, i.e., the rail superelevation, which has an impact on the wheel–rail interaction at curves and influences the value of uncompensated acceleration, occurring when a train passes a curve, and, consequently, the intensity of rail wear. The objective of the present article is to analyse the features of dual gauge track and the superelevation calculation methodology considered, to present the approach to rational calculation of superelevation for dual gauge track of Šeštokai–Mockava (Lithuania–Poland) using several calculation versions as well as to make recommendations for the calculation of superelevation.

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32

Shao, She Gang, Yi Shen, and Yan Gang Yang. "Study on Standard System for Environmental Protection in Highway and Water Transportation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 1231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.1231.

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Based on the analysis of the field and characteristics of environmental protection in highway and water transportation, the fields of the standardization of environmental protection in highway and water transportation were defined into the environmental protection supervision, environmental protection in traffic planning, infrastructure facility construction and maintenance, passenger and freight transport, and the standard system was positioned as the level of specific trade standards system, including basic and specific standards. By analyzing the intersection among existing standard systems in China and characteristic of highway and water transportation, part of standards of standard system for national environmental protection, engineering construction of highway and water transportation, inland river shipping were used relative standards of standard system for environmental protection in highway and water transportation, and standards for pollution control of shipping were included standards system for environmental protection in highway and water transportation.

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O, Melnichenko, Sorochynska O, and Kulbovskyi I. "IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ON OCCUPATION SAFETY AND RISK MANAGEMENT AND WAYS TO IMPROVE THEM IN TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES." National Transport University Bulletin 1, no. 48 (2021): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2021-1-48-217-222.

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The article investigates the ways and means of improving and perfecting the state of labor protection at transport enterprises of Ukraine through the implementation of international standards for risk management and occupational safety. A detailed analysis of international standards for occupational safety, and their main benefits that improve the health and safety of enterprises. The object of research is international standards on occupational safety and risk management. The purpose of the work is to analyze the implementation and use of international standards on occupational safety and risk management at Ukrainian transport enterprises. Research methods - analytical. Quality management of labor protection at enterprises is one of the priority areas of transport enterprises in order to reduce occupational injuries and improve working conditions. In order to effectively manage labor protection in transport enterprises, the authors of the article propose the introduction of international standards in the field of occupational safety and risk management in Ukraine. Examining the chosen topic, it was found that in many works that devoted to the application of international standards on occupational safety was not a generalization of all regulations and standards on labor protection and risk management in the enterprise. The main directions for the implementation of international standards for occupational safety and risk management in transport enterprises of Ukraine are proposed. The results of research can be recommended for implementation in the management system of labor protection at transport enterprises of Ukraine. KEY WORDS: INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY, SAFE WORKING CONDITIONS, RISK ASSESSMENT, IMPROVING OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY CONDITIONS, MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

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34

Dat, Pham Tien, Atsushi Kanno, Naokatsu Yamamoto, and Tetsuya Kawanishi. "5G transport networks: the need for new technologies and standards." IEEE Communications Magazine 54, no. 9 (September 2016): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7565268.

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35

Hartenstein, M. "Industry standards for RAM transport: big plus in global village." Packaging, Transport, Storage & Security of Radioactive Material 24, no. 2 (December 2013): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1746510913y.0000000035.

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36

Hao, Han, Zongwei Liu, and Fuquan Zhao. "An overview of energy efficiency standards in China's transport sector." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 67 (January 2017): 246–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.08.044.

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37

Edwards, Kelly, Kevin Collopy, and Robert Smith. "Abstract 5: Ground Transport: Critical Care Standards by Program Types." Air Medical Journal 35, no. 4 (July 2016): 205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amj.2016.04.021.

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38

WINGERT, WILLIS A. "Setting Standards for Critical Care Transport: Fitz-Gibbonsʼ Law Revisited". International Anesthesiology Clinics 25, № 2 (1987): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004311-198702520-00009.

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39

Rudan, Igor, Vlado Frančić, Marko Valčić, and Matthew Sumner. "EARLY DETECTION OF VESSEL COLLISION SITUATIONS IN A VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICES AREA." Transport 35, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11464.

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This study presents enhanced collision detection model in a Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) area. The proposed detection method of collision situations is based on the assumption that VTS station is provided with passage plans of all the vessels in a monitored area. By using an early detection model for prediction of possible collision situations, VTS stations could switch from the area-monitoring concept to the passage-monitoring system. An early detection model of collision risks in a VTS area uses vessels’ dynamic characteristics as inputs (vessels’ position, course over ground and speed), and delivers prediction of their future positions as output. In order to achieve the desired accuracy, the model takes into the account the intended course alterations and the impending environmental loads. The model is able to provide the outputs as early as the passage plans are submitted to a VTS monitored area. Hence, when discussing model’s capability for early detection of collision situations, improved VTS operating standards could be developed in order to achieve safer passages through enhanced collision avoidance strategies. Simulation results clearly show the advantages of the proposed model as a decision support tool for a VTS operator when combining passage plans with the analysis of environmental loads.

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40

Rogalski, Grzegorz, and Dariusz Pyza. "Organization of transport of dangerous goods road transport." WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering 120 (March 1, 2018): 341–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4787.

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The article presents selected problems of organization of dangerous goods transport. The transport of dangerous goods in accordance with safety regulations and standards guarantees not only the minimization of hazards resulting from the transport of hazardous materials, but also its full effectiveness. Selection of the type of packaging and means of transport depending on the threats posed by a specific dangerous product, it affects the safety of transport and the external environment. In this sense, the article presents the characteristics of legal acts related to the transport of hazardous materials, the conditions of safe transport and the obligations of participants in the transport process.

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41

Kiela, Karolis, Vaidotas Barzdenas, Marijan Jurgo, Vytautas Macaitis, Justas Rafanavicius, Aleksandr Vasjanov, Leonid Kladovscikov, and Romualdas Navickas. "Review of V2X–IoT Standards and Frameworks for ITS Applications." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 23, 2020): 4314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124314.

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The intelligent transport system (ITS) has become one of the most globally researched topics with a lot of investment and development resources being dedicated into it due to its foreseen impact on the economic growth of the transport sector. Currently there are two main vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies, whose primary application is focused on ITS, backed up by the key players of various automotive, telecommunication and transport industries: dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) and cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X), respectively based on IEEE 802.11p and 3GPP LTE/5G NR. While DSRC already has deployments, C-V2X is expected to see larger scale trails and deployments in 2020. In this work, the authors provide insight and review into two main V2X technologies, DSRC and C-V2X, their core parameters, shortcomings and limitations, and explore the need for integration of IoT-based technologies into modern ITS solutions. A comprehensive overview and analysis of currently commercially available V2X products, their sub-blocks and features is provided.

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42

Jagelcak, Juraj, Jan Vrabel, and Michael Nieuwesteeg. "Draft for Revision of the Standards EN 12640 and EN 12641 Regarding the Securing of Cargo on Road Means of Transport." LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics 8, no. 2 (November 1, 2017): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/logi-2017-0015.

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Abstract Since 2014, work regarding the revision of the Standard EN 12642 “Securing of cargo on road vehicles - Body structure of commercial vehicles - Minimum requirements” has been done, which is known for users of CODE XL certified swap bodies. Based on the negotiations on the above-mentioned standard, requirements for the revision of other standards for the cargo securing emerged. Currently, Expert group CEN TC 119 WG 7 is working on these standards. This paper discusses about the standards revision regarding the cargo securing.

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43

Krason, W., and T. Niezgoda. "FE numerical tests of railway wagon for intermodal transport according to PN-EU standards." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 843–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2014-0093.

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Abstract A special wagon, presented in the paper, can be used for intermodal transport of various types of vehicles. It enables transport of vehicles of 36 tons mass and height of 4m on the GB1 clearance height. An innovative wagon is equipped with a frame-support with marginal parts mounted on standard biaxial bogies and the central part lowered with a rotatable loading platform. The rotating part of wagon acts as a kind of platform, allowing truck to move through it during load/unload. During railway operation, this rotating platform is to become an integrated part of the wagon; the tailboards of the rotating part will be connected to the over-bogie part with the special locks. A unique concept of the wagon structure forced a design approach which was rather unusual for the rail industry. Since the design team aimed at very challenging demands of GB1 envelope and usage of standard bogies, the layout of the wagon had to be thoroughly examined in terms of its overall stiffness. Every major design change had to be simulated in order to accurately predict its influence on the whole wagon structure. FE analysis was used for numerical tests of such a wagon structure in different configurations. The calculations were carried out on the basis of PN-EN standards. Selected results of numerical tests of the prototype version of a such wagon for intermodal transports were presented in the paper.

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44

Latyshev, A. P., R. I. Alibekov, P. V. Klishin, V. V. Shulgin, V. N. Konoplev, and V. D. Sekerin. "Development of new gas engines that meet Euro-5 standards for medium duty trucks based on ZIL V-engine." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 9, no. 3-5 (October 10, 2015): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67010.

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The paper is devoted to development of new gas engines that meet Euro-5 standards for ecologi- cal safety of transport with the possibility of their use in medium duty trucks for urban transporta- tion, small buses, as well as for urban municipal vehicles with low noise levels. The prototype for development of engines was adopted 8-cylinder petrol engine ZIL-508400 with multiport fuel injec-tion.

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45

Gharehgozli, Amir, Henk de Vries, and Stephan Decrauw. "The role of standardisation in European intermodal transportation." Maritime Business Review 4, no. 2 (June 17, 2019): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-09-2018-0038.

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PurposeThis paper aims to study the function of standardisation in intermodal transport. It identifies where standardisation helps to improve intermodal transport, who is active in intermodal transport standardisation, what types of standards are needed and what the decision-making process and implementation of standards should be like to positively influence the performance of intermodal transportation.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical study is designed to carry out this research project. The empirical study starts with a review of the organisations that are responsible for standardisation and intermodal transport, together with the standards that they have developed, and are developing, so far. It continues with analysing the topics where standardisation helps to improve the performance of intermodal transport. The analysis is based on 12 interviews, followed by desk research, to validate the respondents’ statements.FindingsThe results show that intermodal transportation should be distinguished in continental and maritime transport, which require different standards. In maritime transport, the hardware aspects of the system are highly standardised. However, further standardisation of information exchange offers potential to improve the quality of transport. For continental transport, challenges appear in the heterogeneity of infrastructure and loading units used in Europe. For both systems, openness and consensus are main requirements for the development of successful standards.Originality/valueStandards facilitate interoperability, quality and safety of intermodal transportation, which leads to better performance. This has drawn little attention in the literature. This study addresses this gap and focuses on Europe.

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46

Spirin, I. V., and V. M. Belyaev. "CONTENT OF TRANSPORT ACCESSIBILITY CONCEPT." World of Transport and Transportation 16, no. 5 (October 28, 2018): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2018-16-5-3.

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For the English full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version).ABSTRACT The semantics and essence of the concept of «transport accessibility», its use in featured works and legal acts of the Russian legislation are considered. The main aspects of transport accessibility (accessibility of territories, objects of transport infrastructure, vehicles, transportation services) are identified. Qualitative characteristics that should be reflected in the standards of transport service are established. The definition of «accessibility of public urban transport services» is proposed as property of a city’s transport system to allow an unlimited range of individuals to travel and to carry permitted hand luggage and baggage in accordance with the terms of a public transportation contract for a passenger and with the conditions of a transport license issued to a carrier, mandatory legal requirements for the carrier, as well as with standards and rules accepted and declared by the carrier. Keywords: transport, accessibility, sustainable development, service quality, terminology, concept content.

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47

Grafkina, M. V., E. V. Sotnikova, E. Y. Sviridova, A. N. Shirokova, and A. I. Fedorina. "Environmental aspects of commercial transport transfer to higher fuel standards in Moscow." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 8, no. 2-3 (May 20, 2014): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67540.

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Environmental monitoring of air quality near highways of Moscow was conducted. The estimation of the level of air pollution was given and its dependence on road traffic was set. There were analyzed the prospects for transfer of city freight transport to higher environmental standards. Recommendations for reducing the impact of transport on the urban environment are given.

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48

Chaubet, Allan, George Henrique de Oliveira, Gustavo Valeira, and Cristiano Akamine. "Practical tests with MMT and ROUTE/DASH on the transport layer of ATSC 3.0." SET INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BROADCAST ENGINEERING 2020, no. 6 (August 1, 2020): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18580/setijbe.2020.5.

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The development of new technologies allowed television systems to evolve over time. For the transport layer, the Movie Pictures Expert Group (MPEG) developed several standards to deliver multimedia content, including the MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS), which has been widely explored for years. However, it was developed before the spread of the internet, which led to the interest in a new standard that could fulfill the needs from a connected world. One of these standards is the MPEG Multimedia Transport (MMT), which has inherited some features from the MPEG-2 TS, adapting them to be compatible with the Internet Protocol (IP). The broadband systems also needed a new standard compatible with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), resulting in the development of the MPEG-Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH). To deliver DASH on broadcast channels, it was combined with the Real-time Object delivery over Unidirectional Transport (ROUTE) protocol. The Advanced Television Systems Committee 3.0 (ATSC 3.0) adopted many technologies to attend the requirements for the next generation of television systems, including both MMT and ROUTE/DASH. This paper presents a historic background of these delivery methods, as well as a brief technical review, focusing on a practical setup to test the methods mentioned, analyzing the differences and similarities of their properties.

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Huang, Wencheng, Bin Shuai, and Yong Shen. "USING GROWTH CURVES MODEL TO ANALYSE THE PROSPECTS OF CHINA–PAKISTAN OIL AND LNG TRANSPORTATION CORRIDOR." Transport 37, no. 1 (May 2, 2022): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2022.16851.

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In order to analysing the oil and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) import and consumption changing trends, the Occurrence Period (OP), Growth Period (GP) and Maturation Period (MP) of oil and LNG import and consumption in China, and studying how the oil and LNG import and consumption changing trends influence the development of China–Pakistan oil and LNG transportation corridor (CPOLTC), in this paper we apply a Growth Curve Model (GCM) based approach to solve the problems mentioned above. First, the Chinese oil and LNG import and consumption changing trends are analysed by applying the GCM. The results show that oil and LNG consumption and import belong to the GP because of the fast industrialization and urbanization development, so the oil and LNG import and consumption demand will increase fast; Then, the External Dependence (ED) is applied to describe the oil and LNG consumption dependence degree in China, the results show that import will remain high ED value, especially for the oil import (over 70%), which means the security of the energy supply chain still remains the central idea of Chin’s energy policies. Finally, the challenges and key issues of CPOLTC is analysed. Challenges are: domestic political struggles and institutional defects in Pakistan make the CPOLTC projects lacking of implementation, security along the corridor, influence and competition from external forces, impacts of western project culture, the comprehensive projects establishment ability in Pakistan, etc. The key issues are: Value Engineering (VE) researches for projects, Chinese element such as project construction, management, standards and specifications, assessment of the projects’ life cycle and so on.

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50

Girich, M. G., and A. Saule. "INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IMPACT ON THE REGULATION OF NATIONAL TAXI AGGREGATOR MARKETS." International Trade and Trade Policy, no. 2 (June 23, 2020): 146–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2020-2-146-161.

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The development of the sharing economy has affected the change in the passenger transportation market, as online platforms for taxi services have appeared. For example, Uber Technologies plays a significant role in the market, which in 2017 won first place in the top 10 startups of the sharing economy. Currently, there are many problems that arise with the regulation of online taxi platforms. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, together with the International Transport Forum, is conducting a study of the law enforcement practices of countries regarding the regulation of online taxi platforms (or taxi aggregators), in particular, the problems of deploying the online platform for the transport of passengers and baggage by passenger taxi as a regular online platform or as a transport provider, and licensing problems for such online platforms, problems of control over obtaining permission directly by the driver, problems of vehicle safety of control over the drivers, ensure quality of service, traffic security problems and etc.

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