Дисертації з теми "Transport energy efficiency"
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Stanovskyi, Yevhen. "Energy efficient transport and equipment." Thesis, Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. академіка В. Лазаряна, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9142.
Повний текст джерелаАвтори статті приділяють увагу питанню важливості використання енергоощадного транспорту та обладнання, так як світовий досвід демонструє, що посилення заходів з енергозбереження є найбільш ефективним способом гарантування енергобезпеки країни.
Авторы статьи уделяют внимание важности проблеме использования энергосберегающего транспорта и оборудования, так как мировой опыт демонстрирует, что усиление мер по рациональному использованию энергии является наиболее эффективным способом обеспечения гарантии энергобезопасности страны.
Akena, p'Ojok Robert. "Improving road transport energy efficiency through driver training." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5275/.
Повний текст джерелаKałuża, Andrzej. "Socioeconomic assessment and improvement of energy-efficiency in city rail transport /." Katowice : Komel, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/493090088.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаXylia, Maria. "Is energy efficiency the forgotten key to successful energy policy? : Investigating the Swedish case." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192291.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20160914
Pickering, Jason C. Pickering. "Understanding Coulombic Efficiency Limitations in an Acid-Base Energy Storage System: Mass Transport Through Nafion." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1528397906336044.
Повний текст джерелаPeake, Stephen Robert. "Cross-sector policy research : insights from the UK energy and transport sectors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244626.
Повний текст джерелаKamiya, Norikazu. "Classical Reduction of Quantum Master Equations as Similarity Transformation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199085.
Повний текст джерелаNordström, Erik. "Advanced Modelling and Energy Efficiency Prediction for Road Vehicles." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175358.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Huajun. "Interplay between capacity and energy consumption in C-RAN transport network design." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-204939.
Повний текст джерелаZhou, Jing. "Improving the energy efficiency of high speed rail and life cycle comparison with other modes of transport." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/25066.
Повний текст джерелаAjayi, Adeyemi Kazeem. "New Housing Developments: A Localisation Strategy considering Energy-Efficiency from an Urban Structure and Transport Perspective for the city of Falun." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-34469.
Повний текст джерелаDet finns flera omständigheter när man planerar nya bostadsutvecklingar och de resulterande utmaningarna kräver kritisk analys. Detta examensarbete avhandling har genomförts genom att studera några av de potentiella problemen i fallet med ett projekt i Falun. Fokus ligger på energi- och växthusgaser effektiva strukturer genom att analysera förhållandet mellan transportsystemet och bostadsutveckling som kan bidra till att sänka utsläppars skadlig effekt och för att skapa en bättre livskvalitet och miljö. Huvudmålet ligger på hållbar lokalisering av bostäder och hur transportenergin från resande påverkas, det innefattar hur en kombinering med förtätning av utvecklingen i stadsplaneringen som en åtgärd. Detta, tillsammans med andra övervägda åtgärder för att tillhandahålla lösningar som kan bidra till livbarhet, en grönare miljö och sänka nivåerna av växthusgaser samt användning av energi från transporter. Förtätning är en stor angelägenhet när man planerar framtida infrastruktur och utveckling. Det handlar inte bara om bostäder; täta städer använder mindre energi och ju tätare stad desto mer hållbar kommer den att vara. Betydelsen av transportsystemet i en stadsmiljö är mycket stort på grund av nivån av dess inverkan som en stor energianvändare, specifikt petroleumsproduktförbrukningen. Det är väsentlig att notera vikten av effekten av utsläpp av växthusgaser och energianvändning från transporter på hälsan och välbefinnandet hos stadsinvånare och människorna i allmänhet. Därför är det viktig att sträva mot målet att minska behovet av energianvändning från transporter och sänka transportnivåernas utsläpp av växthusgaser. Falu stads planering är omfattande när det gäller stadsutveclklingen av områden inom och runtom staden. Det finns ett aktuellt förslag till förtätning av centrala områden. Dessutom förstår de också nya stora områden i förorterna vilket kanske var kontraproduktivt från transportsynpunkt. Detta kommer med sannolikhet att leda till fler bilresor, vilket leder till ökad koldioxidutsläpp och bränsleanvändning, vilket i sin tur ökar miljöföroreningarna. Således har syftet med avhandlingen ligger på att undersöka energianvändningen och koldioxidutsläppen i relaterade scenarier. Med syfte att studera de föreslagna av nya bostadsutvecklings potentialerna för att sänka biltrafiken genom en urban strategi åtgärd sasom smart tillväxt, därför är följande forskningsfrågor beaktade: • Förslaget i den detaljerade omfattande planen kommer att leda till transportation som är mer eller mindre energieffektiva än nu för tiden? och är den föreslagna utvecklingen i linje med tidigare empiriska fynd i forsknings litteraturen? • Kan mängden av bilresor sänkas genom att planera för en annan lokalisering strategi för framtida bostadsutveckling i Falun? • Kan den här analys göras grovt med enkla verktyg som är lätta att använda för stadsplanerare eller arkitekter (och inte bara för avancerade GIS-ingenjörer och forskare) En litteraturstudie underlättar reflektion över sådana frågor och ger åtgärder för en strategi som borde kunna lösa situationen för bättre utveckling. vi Denna forskning kommer att har genomförts genom en undersökning av det nya bostadsutvecklingsförslaget, specifkt genom analyser av den antagna transportfrågan inom det pågaende planarat området. Möjliga lösningar kommer bli presenterade, t.ex. för att skapa andra alternativ att sprida bostadssystemet till mer centralt beläget och anslutande områden, förbättra förhållandet mellan det offentliga transportsystemet och den nya bostadsutvecklingen så att de fungerar hand-i-hand. Från det arbete som har gjorts har jag kunnat identifiera disharmonin i de pågående utvecklingsplanerna som en del av eventuella framtida problem, dvs ärendet med en eventuell outnyttjad lösning för luftföroreningar från transportenergi, relaterade frågor och så vidare. En djupintervju med två av Falun stadskontors personal och planerare också öppnar upp vid beslutsfattarnas problem och markanvändningspolitik. Besök på plats ger perspektiv från nuvarande och potentiella ägare som deltog i en improviserad intervju. Emellertid, visade de presenterade resultaten att den helhets- totala energianvändningen blir högre per person från Falun stadens pågående planeringsförslag, men lägre med mitt eget utformade alternativa planeringsscenario. Resultats härleddes genom beräkningar, med hjälp av "Model för beräkning av energi användning och koldioxidutsläpp i olika scenarier'' för att generera scenarier som tar hänsyn till modal split som ses vidare i uppsatsens data, beräkning och resultat kapitel.
Nassiep, Kadri Middlekoop. "An energy efficient mass transportation model for Gauteng / Kadri Middlekoop Nassiep." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8076.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
Huang, Wei-Jie, and Wei-Jie Huang. "Towards Increased Photovoltaic Energy Generation Efficiency and Reliability: Quantum-Scale Spectral Sensitizers in Thin-Film Hybrid Devices and Microcracking in Monocrystalline Si." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623175.
Повний текст джерелаSharif, Atif. "Reliable, congestion aware transport layer protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks." Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/87.
Повний текст джерелаFuentes, Pineda Rosinda. "Triphenylamine-based hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31410.
Повний текст джерелаWallace, Andrew. "Reducing carbon emissions by households : the effects of footprinting and personal allowances." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/2402.
Повний текст джерелаNygren, Johan. "On the impact of noise and energy demand from traffic : An assessment using microscopic modelling." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Marcus Wallenberg Laboratoriet MWL, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292360.
Повний текст джерелаTrafikbuller är en av de största miljöproblemen idag. Invånare i stadsmiljöer är särskilt utsatta, där nära 80 miljoner personer i Europeiska Unionen är utsatta för bullernivåer som överskrider Världshälsoorganisationens (WHO) angivna gränsvärden. Medan de hälso-relaterade effekterna från exponering av buller är på en ohållbar nivå och bör reduceras, så är även tillgänglighet till effektiv transport en nödvändighet. Dessa motstridiga krav på transportnätverket kräver en mer holistisk syn på trafikanalys, för att förstå relationen mellan dessa effekter från trafiken. Detta arbete undersöker de effekter som uppstår från trafiken, såsom bullerexponering, det fordons-specifika energibehovet och tiden i trafiken, för att analysera hållbarhetsaspekter för transporter. I detta arbete används trafiksimuleringsprogrammet SUMO för att erhålla en diskret trafikmodell med individuella fordon, i kombination med den europeiska fordonsbullermodellen IMAGINE som används för att modellera diskreta bullerkällor som tar hänsyn till direktivitet i ljudfältet samt fart- och accelerationsberoende. Den resulterande kostnaden för bullerexponeringen beräknas därefter för ett stort antal mätpunkter i nätverket genom en modell för betalningsvilja (WTP). Detta tillåter en analys av förhållandet mellan kostnad från bullerexponering och energieffektivitet baserat på det fordonsspecifika energibehovet. Ett tidsvarierande trafikflöde läggs på för att analysera effekterna från en varierande trafiktäthet och trängsel på förhållandet mellan de olika egenskaperna. Dessutom expanderas konceptet att allokera den buller-relaterade kostnaden ner till enskilda fordon baserat på deras enskilda bullerbidrag. Detta för att potentiellt kunna allokera en större del av den totala kostnaden till fordon som bidrar särskilt mycket till den totala bullernivån eller till särskilda tidsegment med höga bullernivåer, samt att tillåta en ickelinjär viktfunktion. Dessa allokeringsstrategier ger också möjligheten att allokera en högre kostnad till bullriga fordon, då fordon som bidrar mer till den totala bullernivån kan lättare identifieras. Slutligen analyseras förhållandet mellan trafikegenskaperna utifrån korrelation. Inledande studier visar att korrelationen beror på trafiktätheten och mängden fordonsinteraktion i trafiken.
Giacosa, Matteo. "Carbon dioxide abatement options for heavy-duty vehicles and future vehicle fleet scenarios for Finland, Sweden and Norway." Thesis, KTH, Energisystemanalys, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226144.
Повний текст джерелаOlander, Petra. "Tribology for Greener Combustion Engines : Scuffing in Marine Engines and a Lubricating Boric Acid Fuel Additive." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad materialvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-333430.
Повний текст джерелаMarins, Karin Regina de Casas Castro. "Proposta metodológica para planejamento energético no desenvolvimento de áreas urbanas. O potencial da integração de estratégias e soluções em morfologia e mobilidade urbanas, edifícios, energia e meio ambiente: o caso da operação urbana Água Branca no município de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-09062010-155906/.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of this thesis is the development of a methodology for energy planning in the development of urban areas, in the scale of districts and neighborhoods. The proposed methodology has two main applications as a tool to support strategic planning and decision-making process: studies for the development of new urban areas, districts or neighborhoods, and studies for rehabilitation of urban areas already used. Initially, a conceptual and technical approach was done about the main constraints for urban energy planning, according to the scope considered in this research. In this stage, the interrelationships among these factors and their impact in terms of energy consumption and pollutant emissions were identified and analyzed. The proposed methodology is organized into two main modules: Module 1 - Energy Demand Management, involving aspects of urban morphology, urban mobility and buildings, such as population density and built area, land use, urban blocks and urban canyon geometry, urban transport, road system, vehicle and fuel technologies, passive solutions to environmental comfort and technological replacement of equipment in buildings; and Module 2 - Energy Supply Management, including district and local systems for generating and distributing electricity and steam for heating and cooling purpose, including the use of renewable and waste energy resources. Levels of energy consumption and the total emission of pollutants, including greenhouse gases and local pollutants, result from the Modules 1 and 2. The proposed methodology involves variables and parameters related to the constraints of urban energy planning as well as calculation procedures that integrate and match the urban settings under consideration, as urban morphology, mobility, buildings, power generation and district systems. The procedures were systematized into a set of spreadsheets and charts developed to verify the proposed methodology, visualization support of results and indicators, and later application as a tool for planning of urban areas. The proposed methodology was applied to the Agua Branca Urban Operation study-case, in the city of Sao Paulo, in which the potential of integrating strategies was demonstrated. In thirty-six different situations defined by using the proposed methodology, it was possible to identify not only important quantitative potentials but also the relative contribution of various constraints to the overall result in terms of energy, urban and environmental issues. In addition to the scenarios presented, the proposed methodology allows the configuration of several other options to different urban areas to be developed or rehabilitated, but variables and parameters need to be properly adapted to each situation.
Arruda, Tiago José. "Espalhamento de ondas eletromagnéticas por esferas e cilindros magnéticos: confinamento e transporte de ondas no limite de pequenas partículas e independência da energia armazenada com relação à forma do centro espalhador." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-22122010-103549/.
Повний текст джерелаElectromagnetic scattering by a sphere with arbitrary optical properties and radius, known as the Lorenz-Mie scattering, or by an infinite right circular cylinder can be solved analytically and is widely treated in the approach of dielectric scatterers. In the optical range, both embedding medium and scattering particle have the same magnetic permeability. The absence of magnetism in this spectral range leads to the equivalence between the relative refraction and impedance indices associated with the scatterers. However, in microwave or radio-frequency ranges, ferro- and ferrimagnetic materials can exhibit extremely huge values of magnetic permeability, which reduce the optical impedance in comparison to the corresponding value of relative refraction index. One striking feature associated with the magnetism in the scatterer is that particles smaller than the wavelength (Rayleigh size region) can present large extinction cross sections in despite of their small geometric cross sections. This becomes physically possible the presence of morphology-dependent resonances in the electromagnetic energy within the scatterer even in size parameters region smaller than unity. In particular, we show that this time-averaged electromagnetic energy has, in the weak absorption regime, a simple functional relation with the incident wavelength and the scatterer absorption cross section which does not depend on the shape of the scatterer. In the multiple scattering regime, the energy-transport velocity can be estimated from the time-averaged electromagnetic energy stored in a single scatterer. Thereby, the validity of the universal relation between the internal energy-enhancement factor and the absorption cross section respective to an arbitrary scattering center (in the weak absorption regime) implies that the energy-transport velocity in disordered media can be evaluated in a simple way. From this approximation, we obtain that even in the Rayleigh size region the energy-transport velocity in disordered magnetic media is dramatically reduced, which consequently leads to a reduction of the diffusion coefficient of the photons. The analytical and numerical studies of the time-averaged electromagnetic energy within magnetic isotropic spheres and cylinders irradiated by plane waves are our aim in this Master\'s degree dissertation.
Abboubi, Adil El. "Étude et évaluation de la consommation énergétique d'une balise ferroviaire fondée sur l'ULB et le retournement temporel." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016VALE0009/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn railway signaling, accurate and safe localization of trains is of paramount importance for the safe exploitation of railway networks. Therefore, train odometry has received considerable interest. Usually, train odometers manage different embarked sensors including wheel counters and Doppler radars that compute the position and the speed of the trains. However, as trains move, these proprioceptive sensors accumulate drifts and, as a consequence, train localization accuracy is compromised after several kilometers. In order to fix this drift problem, railway signaling uses beacons installed at ground, on the track, between the rails. Installed every several kilometers, they transmit absolute localization information to trains passing over them thus, bringing back locally the drifts to zero. These beacons constitute major components of railway signaling and also one of the very last equipment installed between the rails. Existing railway beacons are placed on the rails for two main reasons. First of all, since in these conditions the radio link between the train and the beacons remains very short, in the order of a few tens of centimeters, placing the beacons on the rails is very helpful to deliver an accurate local absolute localization to the train. Moreover using this very short radio communication range, while passing over them, trains can supply electrical energy to the beacons by magnetically coupling radiofrequency energy from the train to the beacon. This radiofrequency energy is detected and converted in DC power supply to feed the beacon electronics. This very short range leads to a satisfactory transfer of energy between train and beacon. As indicated previously, beacons can just be position indicators; however, they can also handle communication between grounds and trains using a peer to peer radio link. In this case, communication is only active when the train passes over the beacons, thus, the effective communication time is very short. As another major drawback of this particular implementation between the rails, track maintenance requires disassembling the beacons and then repositioning them safely and accurately
Bibri, Mohamed. "Sustaining ICT for Sustainability : Towards Mainstreaming De–carbonization–oriented Design & Enabling the Energy–Efficient, Low Carbon Economy." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5936.
Повний текст джерела+46 704 35 21 35
Dahlqvist, Johan. "Cavity Purge Flows in High Pressure Turbines." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-218468.
Повний текст джерелаStrömningsmaskinen i dess olika variationer bildar den främsta drivmotorn inom kraftproduktion och flygindustrin. En förbättring av denna väldiga maskinpark har potentialen till betydande inverkan på globala utsläpp. Områden som identifierats kunna dra nytta av vidare forskning är ombandningsprocesser och kylning. Dessa områden är inneboende i stationära gasturbiner och jetmotorer på grund av de heta gaser som används. Kylning uppnås genom injektion av kall luft i kritiska områden och försäkrar därmed säker drift. Kylningen kommer dock till en kostnad. På cykelnivå krävs arbete för att komprimera flödet till korrekt tryck. Dessutom medför injektionen i sig förluster som kan härledas till omblandningsprocessen. Syftet med detta arbete är att samtidigt undersöka de fördelaktiga kylegenskaperna som nackdelarna med inblandning för att på så sätt bestämma den uppoffring som måste göras för en viss kylning. Alla förbättringar tros dock inte behöva föregås av en uppoffring. Om påverkan av kylningen på huvudflödet är välförstådd kan designen justeras för att ta hänsyn till denna förändring och minimera inverkan. Denna metodologi riktar sig mot ett särskilt kylflöde, kavitetsrensningsflödet, som har till uppgift att avlägsna het luft från den kavitet som uppkommer uppströms rotorskivan i ett högtrycksturbinsteg. Studien kretsar kring en turbinprovanläggning som möjliggör detaljerade strömningsmätningar i ett roterande turbinsteg under inverkan av kavitetsrensningsflödet. Högtrycksturbinsteget som används för undersökningen är av låg reaktionsgrad. Här kvantifieras generell prestanda genom mätning av vridmomentet på utgående axel. Flödesfältet kvantifieras med pneumatiska sonder, och kylningsprestandan predikteras genom gaskoncentrationsmätningar. Resultaten visar avvägningen och sambandet mellan turbinverkningsgrad och kylning i kavitet samt huvudkanal. Flödet mäts i detalj, och de effekter som kan förväntas uppkomma då ett turbinsteg utsätts för en viss mängd av kylflödet kvantifieras. De kvantitativa resultaten för det undersökta steget visar på en förlust i verkningsgrad på 1.2 procentenheter för varje procentenhet av kavitetsrensningsflödet i termer om massflödesförhållande. Samtidigt ses kyleffektiviteten öka med 40 procentenheter. Den lokala inverkan på flödesfältet nedströms rotorn för det undersökta steget är 2° i flödesvinken och en ändring på 0.01 i Machnummer för varje procentenhet av kylflödet. Dessa ändringar ses i form av ökad omlänkning och reducerad hastighet nära hubben, och vice versa omkring halva spännvidden. Inverkan av aktuell driftpunkt understryks genom arbetet. Det har också visats att ett läckage som kringgår rotorbladen i vissa kan fall ge fördelaktig kylning i områden nedströms. Denna kombinerade kunskap kan användas för design av turbiner med så låg mängd kylning som möjligt samtidigt som säker drift bibehålls. Den negativa inverkan av den återstående kylningen kan minimeras genom kunskapen om hur flödesfältet påverkas. Genom detta optimeras stegverkningsgraden aerodynamiskt, omblandningsförluster minimeras, och cykeleffekten maximeras genom det minskade kompressionsarbetet till följd av de reducerade kylmängderna. Kombinationen kan ge en betydande förbättring för turbinindustrin och minskade utsläpp.
QC 20171129
Cecone, Eduardo Christiano. "Modelagem energética de sistema de transporte pneumático utilizando planejamento fatorial." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2017.
Знайти повний текст джерелаEm meados da década de 1920 tornou-se comum o emprego de sistemas pneumáticos destinados à movimentação de materiais particulados sólidos. As principais limitações para estas aplicações estão relacionadas a aspectos financeiros, em especial ao elevado consumo energético destes sistemas em comparação a outras tecnologias existentes, porém, a partir dos ganhos relacionados à eficiência energética, é fortemente recomendável considerar o seu emprego como primeira opção, mesmo em aplicações tradicionalmente mecânicas. Levantamento realizado junto à base de dados Elsevier-Scopus em 2017 aplicando-se os termos Pneumatic Conveying + Design of Experiments + Energy Efficiency, objetos deste trabalho, revelou a existência de apenas dois trabalhos publicados no ano de 2012. Assim o trabalho ora apresentado foi motivado pela necessidade de otimização da eficiência energética nestes sistemas e pela oportunidade de avanço da fronteira do conhecimento acerca do assunto evidenciadas pela pesquisa bibliográfica realizada. Fundamentado em técnicas estatísticas de planejamento fatorial e metodologia de superfície de resposta, o trabalho ora apresentado objetivou o estudo da eficiência energética de um sistema alternativo de transporte pneumático, que envolve os conceitos do transporte pneumático em fase densa e em fase diluída. Definido o material empregado no estudo (Alumina), realizaram-se ensaios de caracterização para investigação do seu potencial de fluidização, construiu-se um protótipo do ejetor pressurizado, definiram-se os planejamentos experimentais de dois níveis e composto central, realizaram-se 71 testes para obtenção de dados experimentais e obtiveram-se os modelos matemáticos linear e não linear que aplicados e interpretados, resultaram na superfície de resposta. Concluiu-se que o sistema proposto é capaz de realizar transporte pneumático nas condições do estudo. Observou-se que a eficiência energética do sistema pode ser adequadamente investigada e estudada a partir da metodologia adotada. Obtiveram-se o modelo matemático e a superfície de resposta que, validados, possibilitaram a inferência da eficiência energética do sistema em função da pressão de transporte e do tempo de dosagem de material, bem como a identificação do ponto ótimo de operação respeitadas as condições de contorno do estudo.
Tese ( doutorado)- Universidade Federal do ABC. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia, 2017.
In the mid-1920s it became common to use pneumatic systems for the movement of solid particulates. The main limitations for these applications are related to financial aspects, in particular the high energy consumption of these systems compared to other existing technologies, but, from the gains related to energy efficiency, it is strongly recommended to consider their use as the first option, even in traditionally mechanical applications. A survey carried out with the Elsevier-Scopus database in 2017 applying the terms Pneumatic Conveying + Design of Experiments + Energy Efficiency, objects of this work, revealed the existence of only two works published in the year 2012. Thus, the work presented here was motivated by the need to optimize energy efficiency in these systems and the opportunity to advance the frontier of knowledge about the subject evidenced by the bibliographical research. Based on statistical techniques of factorial planning and response surface methodology, the present study aimed to study the energy efficiency of an alternative pneumatic transport system, which involves the concepts of pneumatic transport in dense phase and in diluted phase. After the determination of the material used in the study (Alumina), characterization tests were carried out to investigate its fluidization potential, a prototype of the pressurized ejector was built, the experimental design of two levels and the central compound were defined, 71 tests to obtain experimental data and obtained the linear and non-linear mathematical models that applied and interpreted, resulted in the response surface. It was concluded that the proposed system is capable of performing pneumatic transport under the conditions of the study. It was observed that the energy efficiency of the system can be adequately investigated and studied from the methodology adopted. The mathematical model and the response surface were obtained, which validated the inference of the energy efficiency of the system as a function of the transport pressure and the material dosing time, as well as the identification of the optimum operating point, respecting the operating conditions.
León, Montiel Roberto de Jesús. "Quantum-based spectroscopy and efficient energy transport with biomolecules." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283108.
Повний текст джерелаPor muchos años, los campos de la óptica cuántica y la biología raramente han compartido un mismo camino. En la óptica cuántica, la mayoría de los conceptos y técnicas desarrolladas a lo largo de los años son válidas sólo en sistemas donde un número pequeño de grados de libertad es considerado y, más importante aún, donde se asume que los sistemas bajo estudio están completamente aislados del medio ambiente que los rodea. Esta situación está muy lejos de lo que podemos encontrar en la naturaleza. Los complejos biológicos son, por definición, sistemas a altas temperaturas, sujetos a fluctuaciones, en los cuales se cree que los fenómenos cuánticos son imposibles de observar. Sin embargo, en años recientes, esta creencia ha sido cuestionada por diferentes trabajos en los que conceptos de mecánica cuántica han sido usados con el objetivo de describir la dinámica de procesos biológicos de gran importancia como, por ejemplo, el transporte de energía en los complejos de captación de luz en sistemas fotosintéticos. El objetivo de esta tesis se divide en dos. Primeramente, investigaremos cómo las ideas y técnicas usadas comunmente en óptica cuántica pueden ser explotadas con el objetivo de desarrollar nuevas técnicas de espectroscopía y, segundo, estudiaremos hasta que punto los fenómenos cuánticos microscópicos pueden influir en el comportamiento del transporte eficiente de energía en sistemas fotosintéticos de captación de luz. Este problema es particularmente relevante, pues el entender los mecanismos fundamentales que permiten un eficiente transporte de energía en sistemas fotosintéticos nos podría conducir al diseño de nuevas tecnologías de captación y recolección de energía como, por ejemplo, celdas solares orgánicas de alta eficiencia.
Banerjee, Utsav. "Energy-efficient protocols and hardware architectures for transport layer security." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111861.
Повний текст джерелаThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 99-104).
The Internet of Things (IoT) has introduced a vision of an Internet where computing and sensing devices are interconnected. Digitally connected devices are encroaching on every aspect of our lives, including our homes, cars, offices, and even our bodies. Researchers estimate that there will be over 50 billion wireless connected devices by 2020 [1]. On one hand, the IoT enables fundamentally new applications, but on the other, these devices are attractive targets for cyber attackers, thus making IoT security a major concern. Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) is considered to be one of the most suited protocols for securing the IoT. However, computation and communication overheads make it very expensive to implement DTLS on resource-constrained IoT sensor nodes. In this work, we profile the energy costs of DTLS version 1.3, using experimental models for cryptographic computations and radio-frequency (RF) communications. Based on this analysis, we propose protocol optimizations that can reduce the overall energy consumption of DTLS up to 45%, while still maintaining the same security strength of the standard DTLS. We discuss energy-efficient architectures for implementing the standard cryptographic primitives AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm) and ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) in hardware. Our hardware can provide more than 2,500 times reduction in energy consumption compared to traditional software implementations. These hardware primitives are integrated with dedicated control and memory to design a DTLS co-processor that can accelerate the complete DTLS state machine in hardware, thus minimizing the energy consumption due to DTLS computations. The proposed DTLS core is integrated with a RISC-V micro-processor to accurately profile these functions, as well as design custom protocols using standalone cryptographic instructions.
by Utsav Banerjee.
S.M.
Pedroso, Guilherme. "Avaliação energética, econômica e socioambiental de alternativas para sistemas de transportes urbanos coletivos a partir do modelo de apoio multicritério à decisão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/106/106131/tde-22022018-171520/.
Повний текст джерелаThis research focuses on decision-making support methods to choice public urban transport modes and analyzes the operational and functional performances of the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Light Rail Transit (LRT) and Monorail systems. A multicriteria decision aided model (MDAM) in complex scenarios is used in the analysis and has as input data the subjective preferences of stakeholders and the objective and subjective performances of the three modalities in relation to a set of five criteria and 22 subcriteria. This system covers the axes of energy efficiency, cost, economic and financial feasibility, travel quality and environmental impacts. Stakeholders selected with profiles of operator, neighbor, user, equipment and service provider and consultant in urban transport assign their preferences, scoring them on a numerical scale from 1 to 9. In order to apply the model in the region of the city of São Paulo, 138 opinions were collected through evaluation forms and interviews conducted in that region. Each of the three modes, once configured to meet the operational and functional requirements of the transport service defined by a common functional unit, has its performances against the same set of criteria and subcriteria scored on a numerical scale. A global index (GI), which defines the priority of each alternative, is obtained by aggregating the preferences and performances according to an additive function. The MDAM model was applied in a case study that has simulated the operation of the three transport modalities in the stretch between the stations Vila Prudente and São Mateus of the Line 15 of the São Paulo Metro, whose general requirements did define the functional unit of the case. Within the limits and assumptions defined for the case study, the calculated global indices indicated the first preference for the Monorail modal, followed, in sequence, by the LRT and BRT.
Ben, Jmaa Chtourou Yomna. "Implémentation temps réel des algorithmes de tri dans les applications de transports intelligents en se basant sur l'outil de synthèse haut niveau HLS." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019VALE0013.
Повний текст джерелаIntelligent transport systems play an important role in minimizing accidents, traffic congestion, and air pollution. Among these systems, we mention the avionics domain, which uses in several cases the sorting algorithms, which are one of the important operations for real-time embedded applications. However, technological evolution is moving towards more and more complex architectures to meet the application requirements. In this respect, designers find their ideal solution in reconfigurable computing, based on heterogeneous CPU / FPGA architectures that house multi-core processors (CPUs) and FPGAs that offer high performance and adaptability to real-time constraints. Of the application. The main objective of my work is to develop hardware implementations of sorting algorithms on the heterogeneous CPU / FPGA architecture by using the high-level synthesis tool to generate the RTL design from the behavioral description. This step requires additional efforts on the part of the designer in order to obtain an efficient hardware implementation by using several optimizations with different use cases: software, optimized and nonoptimized hardware and for several permutations / vectors generated using the generator pf permutation based on Lehmer method. To improve performance, we calculated the runtime, standard deviation and resource number used for sorting algorithms by considering several data sizes ranging from 8 to 4096 items. Finally, we compared the performance of these algorithms. This algorithm will integrate the applications of decision support, planning the flight plan
López, Vizcaíno Jorge [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Krummrich, and Andreas [Gutachter] Kirstädter. "Energy-efficient design of optical transport networks / Jorge López Vizcaíno ; Gutachter: Andreas Kirstädter ; Betreuer: Peter Krummrich." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1130401502/34.
Повний текст джерелаBarbosa, Maísa Ribeiro. "Mobilidade sustentável no Brasil: análise de impactos energéticos do incentivo ao transporte coletivo e da eletrificação de ônibus." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3143/tde-01112018-111915/.
Повний текст джерелаWorldwide, passenger mobility is not only one of the most significant political and technological challenges of the 21st century, but also a sector of high energetic and environmental impact. The present work aims to analyze road passenger transportation from the energy sector perspective. The theoretical basis approaches the dynamics of the mobility sector globally, some of its fundamental concepts and the nexus between transportation, energy consumption and negative externalities. Afterwards, it is conceptualized the Sustainable Mobility approach, and its guidelines for energy efficiency and externality mitigation, among which are Modal Shift (incentivizing the adoption of collective and efficient modes of transport) and vehicle electrification. The chosen work methodology is to simulate in the Global Transport Roadmap Model the energy impact of the following scenarios: 1) EB71: a progressive bus electrification scenario that achieves 71% of the national bus fleet electrified by 2050; 2) MS35: maintaining 35% of bus modal share, despite the historical records of bus-to-car shifts in the country; and 3) EB71.MS35: the combination of the previous strategies in a combined scenario. As a result, the EB71.MS35 scenario shows the highest rates of energy efficiency, energy savings and electricity demand: the projections for 2050 achieve 105TWh in energy savings and 67TWh of electricity demand. The cumulative energy saving from 2020 to 2050 reaches 7,6% of the energy demand for buses and automobiles in the same period. Finally, the simulation results are analyzed, and comments are made regarding limitations of the model, conclusions, and further steps for research.
Dini, Alina L. "Influence of new car buyers' purchase experience on plug-in electric vehicle demand." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116541/1/Alina_Dini_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMadani, Sepideh Sadat. "Investigation of charge transport metal oxides for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/235892/1/Sepideh%2BSadat%2BMadani%2BThesis%282%29.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGalbieri, Rodrigo 1977. "O transporte rodoviário de passageiros no Brasil : estratégias de mitigação do consumo energético e da emissão de CO2." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264173.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: O presente Estudo possui como objetivo principal realizar uma análise quantitativa dos impactos sobre o consumo de combustíveis e das emissões de CO2 de medidas de eficiência energética e aumento no uso de biocombustíveis para o setor de transportes rodoviário brasileiro de passageiros (veículos leves, motocicletas e ônibus) - de forma isolada e conjunta - entre os anos 2010 a 2030. Concomitantemente, visa oferecer uma "cesta" de opções para os tomadores de decisões (esferas políticas) para o setor de transportes brasileiro de passageiros nas áreas de eficiência energética, combustíveis alternativos e medidas de gestão da demanda. A citada "cesta" de opções envolve aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos dessas medidas de mitigação. Para se atingir o objetivo proposto realizou-se uma análise do potencial técnico-econômico de tecnologias relacionadas à mitigação do consumo de combustíveis e das emissões de CO2, no horizonte de tempo 2010 a 2030. Já a metodologia utilizada na análise quantitativa estima a frota de veículos circulantes no Brasil, o consumo de combustíveis e as emissões de CO2 do setor de transportes rodoviário de passageiros adotando uma abordagem bottom-up. Adotou-se, como premissa, que o ano de início da implementação das medidas mitigatórios para os Cenários Alternativos seria 2015. Foi criado um Cenário Tendencial (denominado BAU - Business-as-Usual) e mais 3 grupos de cenários alternativos - modelados com diferentes padrões de aumento de eficiência energética e/ou uso de biocombustíveis (etanol anidro, etanol hidratado e biodiesel), incluindo a conversão da frota de ônibus a óleo Diesel para etanol aditivado. De acordo com os resultados apresentados pelas projeções desse Estudo, mantidas as tendências atuais até o ano de 2030, o crescimento projetado das emissões de CO2 no Cenário BAU, entre os anos de 2010 e 2030, foi de expressivos 120%. Contudo, os resultados das simulações, revelam possibilidades de mitigações das emissões de CO2 entre 5% a 48% para o caso dos cenários propostos, em relação ao Cenário BAU. Os resultados do presente Trabalho permitem intuir que as atuais políticas para promoção do uso de biocombustíveis de primeira geração no Brasil, combinadas com programas de eficiência energética veicular, incluindo hibridização, formam uma estratégia robusta de mitigação. Tais estratégias se mostram factíveis às questões envolvendo a problemática e tênue relação entre ("produção" e uso de) energia e meio ambiente, principalmente no que se refere ao uso do solo (desmatamentos e produção de alimentos). Apesar de não ter sido quantificado, em virtude das limitações do modelo escolhido, medidas de gerenciamento da demanda por transporte devem fazer parte das políticas públicas na área de transporte, pois o potencial de mitigação dessas medidas, conforme os exemplos analisados são substanciais
Abstract: The present thesis has, as the mains goal, to provide a quantitative analysis of the impacts on fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of energy efficiency measures and increased use of biofuels for the Brazilian road transport passenger sector (light vehicles, motorcycles and buses) - separately and together - between the years 2010 and 2030. Concomitantly, it aims to provide a "basket" of options to policymakers in the areas of energy efficiency, alternative fuels and demand management measures. The aforementioned "basket" of options involves qualitative and quantitative aspects of these mitigation measures. To achieve the proposed objectives, it was performed an analysis of the technical and economic potential for the mitigation technologies related to fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, considering the timeline from 2010 to 2030. It's opportune to mention that the methodology used in the quantitative analysis estimates the fleet of vehicles circulating in Brazil, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions from the transportation sector by road by adopting a bottom-up approach, as recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - IPCC The results of this work indicate that current policies for promoting the use of first generation biofuels in Brazil, combined with vehicular energy efficiency programs, including hybridization, form a robust mitigation strategy. Such strategies appeared feasible to issues involving the problematic and tenuous relationship between ("production" and use of) energy and the environment, particularly with regard to land use (deforestation and food production, mainly). Despite not being quantified, due to limitations of the choose model, demand management measures should be part of public policies in the area of transportation. After all, the potential for mitigation measures, such as the analyzed examples, are substantial. In fact, the results of the simulations reveal possibilities of CO2 emission mitigation among 5% to 48% for the case of the proposed sceneries, in relation to the business as usual scenario
Mestrado
Planejamento de Sistemas Energeticos
Doutor em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos
FARIAS, Fabrício de Souza. "Designing cost-efficient transport solutions for fixed and mobile broadband access network." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/7956.
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CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Esta tese se concentra na avaliação técnico econômica de soluções de transporte para acesso banda larga fixa e móvel. Para futuras redes de acesso móvel, propõem-se arquiteturas de backhaul usando fibra e microondas baseado no desenvolvimento de redes de acesso wireless verde e infraestruturas legadas de backhaul baseada em cobre para migração Brownfield, ou seja, usando infraestrutura existente até o limite de capacidade suportada, enquanto para redes de banda larga fixa são propostas implantações de proteção baseadas em esquemas híbridos, ou seja, fiber+wireless. As principais contribuições desta tese estão relacionadas ao campo de pesquisa do custo total de investimento em infraestrutura de transporte banda larga. Em termos de custo total de investimento, são propostos dois conjuntos de modelos para avaliar as despesas de capital e de operação, CAPEX e OPEX respectivamente, de operadoras de redes de acesso banda larga fixa e móvel. Primeiramente, para banda larga móvel, é apresentado um conjunto de modelos condensado em uma metodologia geral que visa fornecer: previsão de tráfego, implantação de rede sem fio, implantação de backhaul móvel e avaliação do custo total. É mostrado que o backhaul baseado em fibra considerando acesso sem fio verde é a opção mais eficiente em termos de energia. Além disso, Brownfield mostra que o backhaul baseado em cobre ainda pode desempenhar um grande papel se utilizado até a exaustão de sua capacidade e reduz drasticamente os custos de investimentos em infraestrutura. Adicionalmente, são apresentadas as principais diferenças de custos e valores de energia entre redes de acesso sem fio verde e Brownfield. Finalmente, para banda larga fixa, é proposta uma metodologia baseada em dimensionamento de rede, custos associados à falha e avaliação do custo total por assinante. Os modelos são utilizados para avaliar cinco modelos que representam diferentes esquemas de proteção para arquiteturas de banda larga fixa. Esta pesquisa revela os benefícios econômicos do uso de esquema de proteção híbrido baseado em arquitetura fiber+wireless comparado com a opção de proteção baseada totalmente em fibra e é também apresentada uma análise de sensibilidade para provar que o investimento adicional em CAPEX para proteger a infraestrutura pode ser recuperado em alguns anos através da economia em OPEX.
This thesis undertakes a techno-economic evaluation of transport solutions for fixed and mobile broadband access. In the case of future mobile access networks, it is proposed to make use of backhaul architectures using fiber and microwave applied to Greenfield deployments and a copper-legacy backhaul infrastructure based on Brownfield migration, i.e. finding a way of using a legacy infrastructure to its full capacity. At the same time, protection deployments based on fiber-wireless schemes are recommended for future fixed broadband. The main contribution made by this thesis is to carry out a research investigation into the total investment cost of the broadband transport infrastructure. This will be determined by employing two sets of models to assess the capital and operational expenditures, (CAPEX and OPEX respectively), of mobile and fixed broadband access network operators. First, this involves a set of models for mobile broadband that are summarized in a general methodology that aims at providing: traffic forecasting, wireless deployment, mobile backhaul deployment and total cost assessment. It was found that, fiber-based backhaul through a Greenfield deployment is the most energy-efficient option. Furthermore, Brownfield reveals that copper-based backhaul can still play a key role if used up to its full capacity and sharply reduces the investment costs in infrastructure. Additionally, there is an examination of the main differences in cost and energy values between Greenfield and Brownfield. Finally, a methodology is employed for fixed broadband based on network dimensioning, failure costs and an assessment of the total cost of ownership. The models are used to assess five architectures that represent different protection schemes for fixed broadband. This research shows the economic benefits of using a hybrid protection scheme based on fiber-wireless architecture rather than fiber-based protection options and a sensitivity analysis is conducted to show that the extra CAPEX invested to protect the infrastructure might be recovered through the OPEX after a number of years. The results obtained in the thesis should be useful for network operators to plan both their fixed and mobile broadband access network infrastructure in the future.
Barhemmati, Rajab Nastaran. "Thermal Transport Properties Enhancement of Phase Change Material by Using Boron Nitride Nanomaterials for Efficient Thermal Management." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1752408/.
Повний текст джерелаSilva, Rui Manuel Ramos da. "Soluções sustentáveis no transporte vertical. A travagem regenerativa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10346.
Повний текст джерелаA procura pela eficiência energética tornou-se uma responsabilidade de todos. Seja por questões ambientais, pelo escasseio de combustíveis fósseis, por cumprimento de legislações, pela procura de competitividade ou apenas pela busca de poupança é notória a insistência na utilização racional de energia, na poupança energética e na consciencialização ambiental. As empresas tentam a todo o custo encontrar soluções para fazer face a este problema e assim se manterem competitivas. Porém, a ideia de um produto inovador por si só não é suficiente para lançá-lo com sucesso no mercado existindo um trabalho importante a ser realizado antecedentemente. A presente tese tem como primeiro objetivo focar a Análise de Valor e o Teste de Conceito como duas metodologias chave para o desenvolvimento de um produto/inovação em colaboração com o cliente, de modo a satisfazer as suas necessidades pelo custo mais baixo. A inovação escolhida foi a travagem regenerativa associada ao transporte vertical permitindo a geração de energia com injeção de potência na rede contribuindo assim para a eficiência energética nos edifícios. O segundo objetivo passa por determinar a existência ou não de regeneração de energia, em que condições e quantidades tal acontece sendo para isso realizados testes práticos numa instalação real.
The energy efficiency demand has become a shared responsibility. Whether for the environmental issues, the fossil fuels extinction, the laws compliance, the competitiveness search or just for the energy saving target, it is notorious the insistence on the rational use of energy, on the energy saving and on the environmental awareness. The companies try at all costs to find solutions to tackle this problem and to remain competitive. But just an innovative product idea is not enough to throw it successfully in the market and there is a significant work to be done antecedently. The first target of this thesis is to focus the Value Analysis and Concept Testing as two key methodologies for the product/innovation development in collaboration with the client to satisfy their needs at lower cost. The chosen innovation was the regenerative braking associated to the vertical transport allowing the power generation with power injection to the electric network contributing to the energy efficiency in buildings. The second objective is to determine the energy regeneration existence or not, on what conditions and quantities it happens. For that purpose it were made practical tests in a real installation.
Santos, Vitor Luiz Rigoti dos. "Análise experimental dos processos de transferência de calor aplicados à concentração solar." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2008. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6243.
Повний текст джерелаCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Having in mind the necessity to pump heavy crude oil from notoriously sunny regions of Brazil (northern Brazil regions general speaking or northern Espirito Santo state specifically), the utilization of solar radiation appears as an alternative thermal source to heat on-shore pipelines and storage tanks. The present work exhibits the basic steps to project, design, construction and test of a parabolic solar concentrator prototype, as well as shows experimental results gotten from the activities developed by the whole project and points out some possibilities to enhance the system for future operations. Here, the main objective is to increase heat transfer to a tube installed on parabolic focus (absorber tube). Using distinct configurations for the absorbers tubes, the work fluid is heated and analysis are prosecuted over collected data aiming to reach the main goal, which is to study the pressure drop reduction by viscosity decreasing of heavy oils flow using solar energy collected by a parabolic concentrator.
Tendo em vista a necessidade de transportar óleos pesados produzidos em regiões notoriamente ensolaradas do Brasil (tais como o norte do estado do Espírito Santo e estados da região Nordeste), o aproveitamento da radiação solar incidente como fonte de energia térmica alternativa para aquecimento de oleodutos e tanques de armazenamento terrestres (on-shore) surge como uma solução para a redução da perda de carga induzida no escoamento através da redução da viscosidade do fluido. O presente trabalho apresenta de modo sucinto as etapas de dimensionamento, projeto, construção e teste de um protótipo de concentrador solar parabólico, bem como os resultados experimentais obtidos durante as atividades do projeto como um todo, além de apontar também novas possibilidades de melhoria do sistema para futuras operações. A principal proposta deste trabalho é a otimização do tubo absorvedor do concentrador solar, a fim de aumentar o aproveitamento da radiação incidente. Utilizando configurações distintas de tubos absorvedores instalados sobre o foco do concentrador solar parabólico experimental, o fluido de trabalho é aquecido e, de posse dos dados coletados nos experimentos são feitas as devidas análises para alcançar o objetivo do projeto principal, que é obter uma forma de redução da perda de carga em escoamentos de óleos pesados utilizando a energia solar coletada por um concentrador parabólico.
Le, Roux Daniël Francois. "Investigation, development and testing of a low cost Solar Heat Barrow (SHB) and purifier / D.F. le Roux." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/204.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (M.Ing. (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
Genet, Benjamin. "On monitoring methods and load modeling to improve voltage stability assessment efficiency." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210258.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is the improvement of the voltage stability assessment efficiency. Two orientations are studied: the monitoring methods and the load modeling.
The purpose of the monitoring methods is to evaluate the voltage stability using only measurements and without running simulations.
The first approach considered is local. The parameters of the Thevenin equivalent seen from a load bus are assessed thanks to a stream of local voltage and current measurements. Several issues are investigated using measurements coming from complete time-domain simulations. The applicability of this approach is questioned.
The second approach is global and uses measurements acquired by a Wide-Area Measurement System (WAMS). An original approach with a certain prediction capability is proposed, along with intuitive visualizations that allow to understand the deterioration process leading to the collapse.
The load modeling quality is certainly the weak point of the voltage security assessment tools which run simulations to predict the stability of the power system depending on different evolutions. Appropriate load models with accurate parameters lead to a direct improvement of the prediction precision.
An innovative procedure starting from data of long measurement campaigns is proposed to automatically evaluate the parameters of static and dynamic load models. Real measurements taken in the Belgian power system are used to validate this approach.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Nasr, Sarah. "Optimisation d’un réseau ferroviaire à l’aide de solutions smart-grids." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC026/document.
Повний текст джерелаIncreasing energy efficiency is nowadays a requirement in all technical fields. The reduction of global consumption, thus carbon footprint, has become the world's priority, as for example, the climate and energy package of the European Union.Railways' share of energy consumption is one of the highest. Electrical solutions are developed in order to reduce these systems' losses, optimize their consumption and reduce global energy bill. Given their diversity, two main categories are considered in this study. The first one consists of urban lines that are characterized by a DC electrification and a relatively dense traffic. In this case, braking energy burned in trains' rheostats represents the main share of losses. The proposed solution is to recuperate this energy using a DC micro-grid implemented in a passengers' station. It allows an interaction with the non-railway electrical environment, for example, re-using this energy in charging electric hybrid buses parked nearby. The excess of braking energy is recuperated using a DC/DC converter and injected into a DC busbar. A second DC/DC converter will store it in a hybrid storage system. It will then serve to charge the buses connected to the DC busbar. The micro-grid is also connected to the grid using a low power AC/DC converter. A power management system ensures optimizing power flow between different components. An energy evaluation showed that this solution is a good Investment especially because no contract is needed with the energy provider. The system's stability is studied and a stabilizing command, the backstepping, is applied. This new smart station allows railways to communicate, energetically, with its evolving environment.The second category is suburban and high speed lines that are AC electrified. Contrarily to the previous case, braking energy is reinjected to the upper grid through substations. Therefore, a second solution is to reduce global energy consumption by optimizing trains' speed profiles and timetable's synchronization. It is done using a differential evolution algorithm. Each speed profile is divided into zones to which are associated driving parameters. The optimization of the latter allowed generating new optimal speed profiles and a less-consuming timetable. Simulation results showed that it is possible to make important energy savings while respecting train's punctuality
Biaou, Ulrich. "Étude et mise en oeuvre d'une plateforme hybride basée sur du sans fil pour l'efficience énergétique et le contrôle d'accès dans le train." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0042/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe need of new services in railway trains (services for metering, energy efficiency, the comfort and safety of users etc.) may eventually saturate the wired communication systems installed since twenty years ago years. The several advantages of wireless sensor networks (easy deployment, ability to adapt on different environments and low energy consumption) offer many possibilities for energy management systems. The aim of this thesis is to study and implement a wireless network sensors inside trains for energy efficiency. Thus, some communication protocols dedicated to energy management were presented and then a comparative study of the various wireless communication networks carried out. This comparative study shows that the ZigBee network is the most suitable for the platform. The proposed hybrid architecture allows the use of the existing IP network as the backbone of all ZigBee networks. In order to take into account the effect of the railway environment in the planning and deployment of the network, a study of the propagation channel was carried out, based on measurements realized in a subway and a RER car. The impact of the coexistence between ZigBee and WiFi and of the human presence on wireless communication have been demonstrated. The prototype of a platform based on the ZigBee network, allows data collection, informations traitement and monitoring, was carried out
Melendez, Albert, and 林波波. "Measuring Energy Efficiency in Belize’s Road Passenger Transport Sector." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41904888177658975942.
Повний текст джерела國立中央大學
國際永續發展碩士在職專班
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The Transport sector is one of the major energy consumers. Energy consumption in Belize is growing every year. In situations of increasing global energy demands and rising energy costs, conserving energy becomes a very important issue. Energy efficiency is one of the best and the most frequently used indicators of energy use. Energy intensity in transport is a measure of the energy efficiency in the sector. The main objective of this paper is to determine whether there was energy efficiency Belize’s Road passenger transport sector from 2000 to 2008. This paper seeks to first of all calculate and determine the level of energy efficiency within the Road passenger transport sector of Belize’s transportation sector through the use of the ASIF framework. ASIF framework measures energy intensity which is a key indicator of energy efficiency. The key parameters of energy intensity are Energy consumption, vkm and average occupancy. These parameters were determined and energy intensity was estimated. Energy intensity and energy efficiency are inversely related. A decline in energy intensity shows an improvement in energy efficiency and vice versa. Energy Intensity in Belize’s road passenger transport decreased 9.04 percent from 2000 to 2008. Consumption rate in Belize’s transportation sector decreased and vkm rate increased; this caused a decrease in energy intensity. During the period of study, there were improvements of energy efficiency in Belize’s road transport sector.
(6689618), Tingmingke Lu. "ESSAYS ON THE ECONOMICS OF MOTOR VEHICLE ENERGY EFFICIENCY." Thesis, 2019.
Знайти повний текст джерелаSimões, Catarina Cerqueira da Silva. "Bipolar Membrane Based Energy Storage System: The Acid Base Flow Battery." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/47947.
Повний текст джерелаAYADI, Ahmed. "L'efficacité énergétique des protocoles de transport fiables pour les réseaux sans fil à faible consommation d'énergie." Phd thesis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00741994.
Повний текст джерелаXie, Zongli. "Hybrid organic-inorganic pervaporation membranes for desalination." Thesis, 2012. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/21443/.
Повний текст джерелаΧριστουλάκη, Αναστασία. "Μελέτη των συνθηκών ανοδίωσης για την παραγωγή μεμβρανών πορώδους αλουμίνας με ελεγχόμενα χαρακτηριστικά". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8114.
Повний текст джерелаΙn the present study, the synthesis of porous alumina membranes with controlled thickness and pore diameter is investigated. More specifically, the experimental condition under study was oxalic acid 0.3M under an applied voltage of 40V and 50V. In order to understand the growth mechanism of the porous alumina membrane formation, a bibliographic view of the growth models is presented. The experiments result in the conclusion that the thickness growth rate of the porous alumina membrane obeys the Faraday law for electrolysis with an efficiency being dependent on the anodization applied voltage. Finally, the activation energy for the porous alumina formation concerning the reaction of aluminum with the electrolyte, is calculated.
Zhang, Haibo. "Efficient data transport in wireless sensor networks." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/56028.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Computer Science, 2009
Zhang, Haibo. "Efficient data transport in wireless sensor networks." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/56028.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Computer Science, 2009