Дисертації з теми "Transport de matière et de chaleur"
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Latour, Benoit. "Contribution à l'étude du transport d'énergie dans la matière condensée : phonons, électrons et photons." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLC014/document.
Energy transport at the nanoscale involves different types of carriers - phonon, electron and photon. Their spatial confinement in nanostructured materials implies the invalidation of the macroscopic laws of heat transfer. Therefore, new mechanisms arise and lead to novel thermal properties. This manuscript is devoted to the study of phonon transport in nanomaterials as well as the dissipation processes involving photon/electron and electron/phonon interactions. It is divided in three independent parts. We have first investigated the wave properties of thermal phonons. We have developed a theory to quantitatively assess the coherence of these carriers. Then, we have adressed the coupling between plasmonics and phonon transport in metallic materials. The objective is to quantify how the heat generated by the absorption of an electromagnetic energy will impact the surrounding medium. In the last part, we have included the Bose-Einstein quantum statistics in Molecular Dynamics simulations in order to compute thermal properties of nanomaterials at low temperatures
Bogdanis, Emanuel. "Modélisation des transports de chaleur et de matière lors du séchage d'un milieu élastique ou viscoélastique : résolution par des méthodes aux éléments finis." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU3003.
Bligny, Rémi. "Modélisation des phénomènes de transport dans les piles à combustible de type PEM pour l'application automobile." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0068.
Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier for the decarbonization of sectors such as industry and mobility. Its nature as a gas also makes hydrogen a suitable medium for storing renewable electricity. Fuel cells allow the production of electricity from hydrogen. Several technologies exist but PEM fuel cells offer efficiency, compactness and versatility. In addition to electricity, they produce heat and water as by-products and these must be properly managed to ensure proper operation of the systems. Too high temperature leads to premature aging of the materials. A membrane that is too dry decreases system performance and degrades more quickly. Conversely, if the cell contains too much water, the reactants can no longer carry out the electrochemical reactions and performance is reduced. The modeling of water and heat transport phenomena in PEM cells allows to improve their conception by a better design or the selection of better materials, as well as by an adapted piloting which preserves the cells from deleterious working conditions. These models contain parameters that must be estimated experimentally in order to make them as realistic as possible. This work, after having placed the role of hydrogen and fuel cells in the energy context, aims at estimating crucial parameters for water and heat transport in the cells. First, a water transport model is developed and design of experiment is set up to estimate the diffusion coefficients of water in the vapor and sorbed phases. Different methods and materials are compared, leading to results consistent with the literature. The influence of liquid water sorption by the membrane is also explored. Then, an original experiment allows to estimate the thermal resistance between the membrane-electrode assembly and the bipolar plates. The coupling between water transport and heat transport allows to estimate the temperature in the cell. An effective thermal conductivity is estimated. Finally, load cycle experiments are performed to study the water storage during a dynamic regime. Water balances are performed in parallel with impedance measurements and allow to explore the water storage in the cell. Preliminary experimental results are compared to a coupled transient model for water and heat transport
Taupin, Mathieu. "Etude des fermions lourds magnétiques UCoGe et YbRh2Si2 par mesures de transport." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01026388.
Pérou, Anne-Laure. "Étude des transferts de matière et de chaleur dans des matériaux polymériques." Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STET4024.
Luc, David. "Théorie unifiée du transport de spin, charge et chaleur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY007/document.
In this thesis we study the diffusive transport of the charge, spin and heat in metallic structures involving ferromagnets. In particular, we focused on the part of the transport which polarization is not collinear to the surrounding magnetization.For example, a spin-polarized current arriving on a magnetic layer with a magnetization pointing in another direction will have its transverse part (i.e. non-collinear to the magnetization) precess and be absorbed by the magnetization, over a distance of up to a few nanometers. We present a state-of-the-art collection of values for those two characteristic lengths, of precession and transverse absorption. We also show that this behavior as a tremendous impact over the dynamics, notably that of "long" magnetic domain walls (over ten nanometers).We also study the spin-transfer torque in those magnetic structures, and focus on two major aspects. First the amplitude of the torque, to know if it is strong enough to start one of the known dynamics: magnetic switching or steady-state precession. Second, the dependence of the torque with the relative angle between the magnetizations: in some cases, a non-collinear configuration may be stabilized. Two driving forces have been considered, a voltage bias or a temperature difference (by including spin-dependent thermoelectric effects).This whole study is performed within the framework of our theory, the Continuous Random Matrix Theory, that we present in its entirety, from its origin with the scattering theory, to the diffusion differential equations, one of the main results of this thesis.We also present the numerical tool we developed, based on this theory, which we used to perform all of our simulations. This tool allows for the evaluation of the diffusive transport in three-dimensional metallic structures, using (mostly) readily available material parameters
CHEN, SI. "Transport de chaleur et de masse dans l'atlantique tropical." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066440.
Rabenja-Fontaine, Iris. "Déréglementation américaine et libéralisation européemme en matière de transport aérien." Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO33003.
The purpose of this thesis is to focus on the changing situation of the aviation policy of the united states and the european community. It sets out the development of aviation policy in the subject country, the reasons behind subsequent moves towards deregulation or liberalization and the impacts of these changes
Fadlalla, Mohamed Elyaman. "Rétention, transport de matière et conversion dans un réacteur transpaille." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20124.
Guella, Soufiane. "Contribution à l'étude du transfert de matière et de chaleur entre un gaz et des gouttes." INSA de Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAM0019.
Rosca, Iosif-Daniel. "Applications du transfert de matière et chaleur : transfert de contaminant entre emballage cylindrique et aliment solide." Saint-Etienne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STET4027.
Doan, Duc Dung. "Modèle de source de chaleur pour la simulation du soudage avec et sans apport de matière." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2102.
Del, Pozo Mariano. "Transfert de matière et de chaleur particule-liquide en lit fluidise gaz liquide-solide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL044N.
Ramirez, Figueroa Enrique. "Modélisation des transferts de chaleur et de matière lors de la cuisson par air chaud." Massy, ENSIA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EIAA0133.
Commenge, Jean-Marc. "Réacteurs microstructurés : hydrodynamique, thermique, transfert de matière et applications aux procédés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2001_COMMENGE_JM.pdf.
The present manuscript presents an analysis of flow and transport phenomena in microstructure reactors, their influence on the behavior of the reactors and the major interest and areas of application for the use of microtechnology in ptocess engineering. Hydrodynamic conditions and space-times in the numerous channèls are accurately controlled by appropriate design of the reactor. The residence time distribution, although narrow in a single microchannel, is significantly dispersed in the reactor due to flow singularities. Nevertheless, microstructured reactors are suited to periodic operation at frequencies higher than 1 Hz. The thermal behavior, characterized by significant axial conduction, leads to spatial isothermicity in metallic reactors and requires the use of poody conducting ni'aterials to maintain temperature gradients. Under transient conditions, following a step change in fluid temperatures; the reactor temperature variation can be represented by two characteristic times, one internal, the other external. In mass transfer, an axial diffusion effect can predominate with respect to convection, which increases the Sherwood number and back-mixing. Nevertheless, the determination of kinetic parameters being accurate for the low Damkohler numbers attainable, microchannelreactors provide favorable conditions for the study of rapid, reactions. A synthesis of the above-mentioned points indicates several advantages for microstructured reactors, such as a significant energy saving induced by the structuring of the,flow in' parallel channels. Intensification of heat exchange in microchanne1 dimensions limits therisks of thermal runaway by removing heat generatedhy exothermic reactions and allows miniaturization of production units without loss in productivity. Finally, lleat and mass transfer by conduction and diffusion are favored with respect to reacticin and hence microstructured reactors are well suited to kinetic measurement and to development of new processes limited by heat and mass transfer
La, Bernardie Jérôme de. "Modélisation et caractérisation expérimentale du transport de chaleur en milieu fracturé." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S122/document.
Fractured crystalline media has a significant geothermal potential. Its exploitation, for low and high enthalpy geothermal power generation, could be enhanced to satisfy the energy transition process. For this, understanding thermal transport processes in fractured media is fundamental. Heat transport is strongly influenced by hydrodynamics heterogeneity of fractured media and by fracture and matrix block geometry. Through analytical and numerical modelling and field site experiments, the aim of this thesis is thus to better assess the impact of fracture geometry on thermal transport and storage in fractured crystalline rock, at fracture and fracture network scale. Numerical simulations of heat transport in a simple network of well connected plane fractures allowed us to characterize the impact of the fracture system geometry on thermal storage. Two regimes are highlighted. First, at short term, the density of fractures, or preferential paths, controls heat exchanges. Then at long term, the total rock volume between the fractures controls thermal storage. This model does not take into account the aperture variability at fracture scale, which is particularly present in natural fracture networks. Thus, thermal and solute tracer tests have been achieved to characterize heat transport in a fractured media at Ploemeur field site (SNO H +). To interpret the tracer tests, analytical expressions of thermal breakthrough peak retardation and amplitude have been developed for different fracture geometries : parallel plate fractures and channels. Those expressions are a powerful and innovative tool to characterize fracture geometries from thermal tracer tests, and also to predict thermal front transit time and lifetime of geothermal systems from solute tracer tests. Confrontation of those expressions to experimental results shows that observed differences between thermal and solute breakthrough can be explained only by channeling flow inducing low thermal transit times
Mrani, Ibrahim. "Transport de matière en milieu biconstituant élastique : application au séchage du gel d'Agar." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20040.
Soltana, Farouk. "Simulation de l'hydrodynamique et des transferts de matière et de chaleur dans les réacteurs à lit fixe." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2004_SOLTANA_F.pdf.
This work deals with modelling and simulation of hydrodynamics, liquid-to-wall mass and heat transfer in fixed bed reactors with both single phase liquid and co-current gas/liquid down flow (trickle-beds). Ln modelling, the averiged statistical approach developed by Kashiwa and Rauenzahn (1994) is adopted through the use of the code CFDlib. Different phenomenological relations of fluids/solid and gas/liquid interactions are used to close the process model equations. Simulations of hydrodynamics and liquid-to-wall mass transfer are carried out in trickling and dispersed flow regimes. Ln addition to these two regimes, the simulation of induced pulsing flow is investigated. The results are compared to the experimental measurements previously obtained in our laboratory in trickle-bed reactors and to appropriate correlations of literature. Concerning heat transfer, only single phase liquid down flow is considered. The simulation is based on both homogenous and heterogeneous models
Frey, Philippe. "Etude expérimentale et simulation numérique du transport turbulent de particules solides dans un décanteur." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1412_pfrey.pdf.
Transport of solid particles in suspension within a turbulent flow has been studied in physical models of settling tanks consisting of a sloping backward facing step and an outlet weir. Mean and fluctuating velocities have been measured by laser Doppler anemometry particularly in the recirculation region generated by the step. Particles injection allowed to determine percentages of outgoing particles as well as the repartition of sedimented particles. Thèse experimental results were used to assess the influence of the geometry on the settling tank efficiency. Experimental results on velocity fields were compared with a vertical two-dimensional turbulence model (VEST code). Results relative to the transport of particles were confronted to the output of an eulero-lagrangian three-dimensional model for the simulation of solid particles trajectories (TRAPS code). This code uses as input the mean field calculated by VEST. A good agreement has been obtained on outgoing percentages as well as on the repartition of sedimented particles
Dumortier, Mikaël. "Modélisation numérique des transferts de matière, de chaleur et électrochimiques au sein d'un électrolyseur haute température." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20127/document.
High temperature electrolysis of water by using proton conducting ceramic membranes is an interesting process for producing hydrogen. This process can be carried out without noble catalysts and produces pure hydrogen and requires less electricity than classical low temperature electrolysis. The future development of such membrane reactors requires increasing efforts on numerical simulation in order to optimize the heat and mass transfers as well as the design of electrolysis cells. This work presents a set of equations selected from the literature and rigorously demonstrated for the description of transport phenomena in the cell and particularly in the electrodes which are made of cermets. From this model, a parametric study is conducted in order to characterize the influence of various operating parameters on these phenomena. The different findings of this study provide a set of assumptions for the development of methods for simplifying the model and reducing the time of resolution. These simplified models allow analytical determination of quantities in the electrode and leads to the establishment of dimensionless numbers and characteristics length of the device
Toudji, Sid-Ali Amine. "Pervaporation de composés purs : approche expérimentale du couplage entre transfert de matière et transfert de chaleur." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0100.
The aim of this work is to study the pervaporation process and specifically to understand the mass and heat transport mechanisms in a dense polymeric membrane. A better understanding of these mechanisms would make it possible to improve the limiting parameters for the development of this process, such as the low mass fluxes as well as the origin and the quantity of heat required for transport through the membrane. In order to answer these questions, we have developed an experimental setup that allows simultaneous measurement of mass flux and heat flux density. The dead-end permeation of the setup developed gives access to the temperature profile of the liquid feed. These temperature data make possible the estimation of the heat flux densities engaged during the pervaporation experiments by means of an inverse computation coupled with a STAR CCM + simulation. The mass flux is measured by a new method in addition to the gravimetric method used as a reference. The new method uses a pressure sensor located in the feed tank to continuously measure the mass flux with 1Hz raw acquisition frequency synchronized with the temperature measurement. In order to simplify the experimental constraints, we applied only permeation of pure liquids. The correlation of the two fluxes (mass and heat density) measured led us to observe that the amount of heat taken to the feed side to pervaporate a unit mass of pure liquid is less than the amount of heat required to vaporize the same liquid. It represents 50% of it in the case of water and only 25% in the case of the ethanol
Joulié, Régis. "Sublimation en lit fluidisé : influence du milieu particulaire sur les transferts de matière et de chaleur." Toulouse, INPT, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPT020G.
Feron, Samuel. "Transport de la chaleur dans un champ magnétique chaotique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10149.
Erdélyi, Zoltán. "Diffusion dans des nanomatériaux et effets nanométriques sur le transport de matière : expériences et simulations." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30053.
In this study diffusion processes taking place on nanoscale were studied by two methods: deterministic kinetic equations. These calculations gave new results on the interface shift occurring during interdiffusion in those systems in which the diffusion coefficients are strongly concentration dependent (we obtained that this shift is a linear function of the time instead of the well known parabolic one). Furthermore, we have shown that in the case of strong concentration dependent diffusion coefficient the validity limit of the continuum model in multilayers can be shifted by about one order of magnitude (A = 160 d where A is the modulation length of the multiplayer and d the interatomic distance in the direction of the diffusion) as compared to the case of concentration independent problem (A = 6-10 d). It has been shown experimentally by Auger Electron Spectroscopy that in Ni-Cu system the liner interface shift predicted by the simulation is attained. On the other hand, by using the Hwang-Balluffi method we measured silver grain-boundary diffusion in nanocrystalline cupper film. .
Song, Shaodong. "Etude du transport de la chaleur et des particules dans les tokamaks Tore Supra et HL-2A." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10142/document.
Heat and particle transport is one of the fundamental subjects of research in the physics of hot plasmas confined by magnetic fields, a class of physical systems that are studied in the framework of research on controlled thermonuclear fusion. These transport phenomena are mainly related to electromagnetic turbulence and are therefore extremely difficult to model at a first-principle level. Specific experiments in this area, on plasma devices such as tokamaks or stellarators, are widely used to improve understanding of these phenomena. This thesis reports on experimental studies performed on two large tokamaks : Tore Supra (based at CEA/Cadarache, France) and HL-2A (based at the South-Western Institute of Physics, Chengdu, China). The technique used consists in modulated injection of wave power to perturb the electron temperature and/or of Supersonic Molecular Beams to perturb the plasma density. Temperature is then measured by Electron Cyclotron Emission and density by Reflectometry, and Fourier analysis is used to determine the transport properties. Evidence has been found of inward heat convection (a phenomenon whose existence is still controversial) as well as of peculiar effects due to the non-diagonal terms of the transport matrix. Comparison with transport models has been carried out
Louvet, Thibaud. "Phases relativistes en matière condensée." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN025/document.
This thesis adresses the study of crystals called relativistic semi-metals, in which electrons behave like massless relativistic particles.The first historical example of such a material is graphene.In this planar arrangement of carbon atoms, electronic valence and conduction bands touch at two distincts points in the reciprocal lattice. Thus, graphene is a zero-gap semiconductor, a semi-metal.The dynamics of electrons close to the Fermi level is relativistic, described by a Dirac equation, although their velocity is a hunder times lower than the velocity of light in vacuum. Analogous semi-metallic phases have recently been identified: 3D Weyl and Dirac semimetals, as well as more exotic phases described by crossings with more than two bands. This variety of relativistic materials raises the question of their common properties. A first part of this thesis presents work related to the study of the stability of these phases, i.e. of the electronic band crossing. We have investigated this stability first by relating it to topological properties, then by evaluating the effect of disorder, such as the presence of impurities in the material. In the second part, we focus on the manifestation of the relativistic nature of these electrons in transport. In a first study, we examine the condition of existence of a finite conductivity exactly at the band crossing, due to the contribution of evanescent states. A second study concerns the anomalous transport under a magnetic field in Weyl semi-metals, as a manifestation of the chiral anomaly, a unique property of massless relativistic fermions
Popescu, Horia. "Génération et transport des électrons rapides dans l'interaction laser-matière à haut flux." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001799.
Wernert, Véronique. "Rôle de la matière organique dans le transport et la spéciation du mercure." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13028.
In order to better understand the role of organic matter (OM) in the biogeochemical cycle of mercury (Hg), field studies in the Ill river basin (Alsace) as well as sorption and transport experiments of Hg(II) in batch and column reactors were performed. The sorption of Hg(II) onto a natural quartz sand with or without OM and the transport of Hg(II) alone, OM alone and Hg(II) in the presence of OM through a natural or a pure quartz sand were studied with respect to pH, initial concentration of Hg(II) or MO, etc. OM is either a commercial humic acid (HA) (Aldrich) or dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the Ill river. In an aquatic ecosystem, the concentrations of the dissolved or particulate Hg result from interactions of Hg with organic ligands (DOC) and particles but also from settling of these Hg contaminated particles towards sediments. These results are in good agreement with those obtained in the laboratory. Indeed, Hg(II) has a very strong affinity for (hydr)oxides and clays present at low levels in the sand. On the other hand due to the presence of HA or natural OM, which complexes Hg, the sorption of Hg decreases. The transport of Hg in the presence of HA and DOC is thus strongly increased. It would be possible to assume formation of ternary surface complexes of type B between the surface, the ligands and Hg. The sorption thermodynamic results were interpreted from Langmuir type relationship. The stability constants between Hg and OM determined in this study range between 3 and 6 (log K)
Mignard, Salome. "Transport et accumulation de matière organique dans le système turbiditique de l'Ogooué (Gabon)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0801/document.
The Ogooué deep-sea turbidite system is located on the Gabonese margin and extends up to 500 km off the coastline. A dense vegetation due to the wet equatorial climate prevails on the Ogooue drainage basin and a strong primary productivity is observed in the waters of the Gulf of Guinea. These two features make the Ogooue system a good example to study the characteristics of organic carbon accumulation on a river-dominated ocean margin. A morpho-bathymetric analysis of the area combined with a study of seismic lines allowed us to define the architecture and the dynamic of the system. It is composed of an area where numerous meandering channels are localized and fed in sediments by several aligned canyons. The canyons heads incise the shelf but do not extend to the present-day Ogooué delta. Terminal depositional lobes are present at the exit of a large valley that funnels turbidity currents. Sedimentary (grain size, XRF, XRD) and geochemical (%Corg, δ13Corg, palynofacies, n-alkanes and GDGTs) analysis were performed on nine Küllenberg cores taken in different sedimentary environments of the system. These analyses aim at defining the Corg content of the cores as well as its origin and to link these parameters with the sedimentation type. The temporal and spatial repartition of carbon accumulation was also considered. Results show that hemipelagic sedimentation appears as quite inefficient to transport terrigenous organic carbon but is effective to bury marine organic carbon that forms aggregates with the smectite clay particles supplied by the river. Conversely, the sandy turbidites transport high quantity of terrigenous Corg to the deep sea areas. This Corg appears mostly under the form of well-preserved plant debris. These organic-rich turbidites (>5% TOC) form the main way of deposition of organic carbon in the levees of the turbidite channels and in the terminal lobes. Organic carbon accumulation is also strongly controlled by glacio eustatic variations. Low sea-level periods are characterized by very high organic carbon accumulation compared with high sea-level periods. Theses variations are the results of the combination of a higher marine productivity during glacials and a more intense export of terrigenous particles (both mineral and organic) during sea-level lowstand. The turbidite system activity is indeed governed by the connection between the canyons ‘heads and the riverine delta. This connection occurs only during lowstand. However, even though the export of organic carbon in the system is strong, the estimated preservation rates attest that most of the terrigenous organic carbon is mineralized in the ocean and not buried in the sediments. Globally low sedimentation rate on the whole system and the domination of hemipelagic over turbiditic sedimentation do not allow a better preservation of the organic material
Ghazouani, Sami. "Modèles linéaires d’optimisation pour la conception simultanée de réseaux de matière et de chaleur d'un écoparc industriel." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM060/document.
The design of industrial processes needs to be adapted as cheap natural resources are scarcer and environmental standards are more stringent to limit their environmental footprints. In order to improve their cost-effectiveness as well as their sustainability, industrial effluents must considered as potential heat and mass resources whether they are recycled locally or at a larger scale by sharing them with other industrial companies; thus forming an eco-industrial park (EIP).This thesis presents a new systemic and systematic approach to design optimal mass allocation and heat exchanger networks simultaneously. Three linear models of incremental complexity have been developed to design optimal recovery networks at a local scale. The first linear model (M1) looks for the necessary minimum fresh resource consumption. The second linear model (M2) presents a new superstructure that allows optimizing mass and heat requirements simultaneously, targeting the minimum annual operating costs. The third linear model (M3) allows designing optimal mass allocation and heat exchanger networks simultaneously. Its objective function is the total annualized cost considering operating and capital costs.The opportunity to use regeneration units is added to the structure of the three previous models. Any type of these units can be represented by a simple model with the generic parameters based on objects already existing in the previous models formulations.Finally, a M3 model applicability is extended to the design of collaborative eco-industrial parks with additional concepts (sites, clusters, indirect heat and mass networks) to obtain a new M4 model. In this model, the capital costs related to the topology of the networks are taken into account in the objective function.The relevance and performances of the proposed models are validated with several case studies taken from the literature
Grenier, David. "Développement du procédé de bi-oléothermie pour les bois de construction : mesure et modélisation des transferts de matière et de chaleur lors des opérations de friture-séchage et de refroidissement-imprégnation." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0707.
The deep-oil thermal process consists in immersing timber successively in an high temperature vegetable oil bath (110 to 180°C), then in a lower temperature one (20 to 80°C). The high temperature immersion will in a first time dry the wood (so called fry-drying phase), when during the second immersion, the wood will permeate with the oil (cooling-impregnation). This latter phase will stabilize and protect the timber. This work aims to better understand interaction mechanisms between heat and mass transports, and also to give the first guide lines on how the process is to be developed. The transfers of heat, oil, and water were observed with three different online measuring devices (heat flow, vapour and oil flow; pressure, temperature) and at different scales (L 0. 16 m, L 0. 8 m, L 2. 5m). Furthermore, this experiment has been done on many different woods (beech, oak, chestnut, spruce, Douglas, pine) of various shapes (cylinders, parallelepipeds, plates). The fry-drying phase is a two stage phase. In the first stage, the water located in the outer layers of the wood is vaporized under atmospheric pressure. In the second stage, the water contained in the core of the wood will vaporize under a pressure of around (2×105 Pa). Dense mass flux are observed. These flux are ten times denser than those observed in the air-drying process. In spite of the overpressure in the core, the wood permeates with the oil (thanks to capillarity and to cracks). The quantity of oil that get in the wood can be up to 20% of the water mass drained out. During the cooling-impregnation stage, the oil penetrates in the wood under the effect of a pressure gradient that reverse itself and add a convection motion to the capillarity forces, and so helping the oil penetrating. This penetration is more or less swift, with much of the oil penetrating during the first minutes, depending on the impregnability of the wood. A 2D model of vaporized water and oil transfers in porours environements solved with the finite element method, was developed. During numerical simulations the phase of frying-drying is well represented. Good relations were established between simulated drying graphs, position of the vaparization front, pressure levels and temperature, and experimental data. Many demonstrations made it possible to test the process on the elements intended for construction, and this under real exposure conditions. This deep-oil thermal process is an alternative process for the treatment by autoclave insofar wood is likely to be impregnated, and the pesticide adapted to the final use of wood
Purwanto, Widodo Wahyu. "Modélisation et analyse des transferts simultanés de matière et d'énergie lors de l'absorption de vapeur en milieu triphasique gaz-liquide-liquide." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT004G.
Pourprix, Bernard. "Contribution à l'histoire de la physique de la matière et des forces au 19ème siècle : La mathematisation des phénomènes de diffusion (matière pondérable, chaleur, électricité)." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10124.
Belkhelfa, Yazid. "Etude du comportement dynamique et du transfert de matière et de chaleur entre des particules sphériques et un écoulement laminaire ou turbulent." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00560879.
Belkhelfa, Yazid. "Etude du comportement dynamique et du transfert de matière et de chaleur entre des particules sphériques et un écoulement laminaire ou turbulent." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rouen, INSA, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAM0013.
The characterization of flow, mass and heat transfer during moving droplets of diameter inferior to the millimetre makes the object of our study. In the first part, we present the theoretical and experimental knowledge. In the second part, we studied the evaporation of a free falling droplet in the air. In the third part, we make a simulation of the interaction between the spherical particles in laminar flow. This model takes into account the nature of the particle, the Reynolds number and the separation distance. In the last part, we study the dispersion of droplets in a homogeneous and isotropic turbulent flow
Hannaoui, Rachid. "Simulation par Dynamique Moléculaire des Propriétés de Transport (Masse et Chaleur) de Fluides Confinés." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3010/document.
The aim of this work was to study how a fluid confined in a low permeability porous medium (micro- and meso-porous) behaves concerning its properties of mass diffusion, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion. For this purpose, non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on simple binary mixtures placed in various thermodynamic conditions, confined in a porous medium of lamellar geometry of different types (structure-less or atomistic, more or less adsorbent) in __//_ and grand canonical ensembles. The results show that the effects of porous medium on transport properties are more pronounced when the pore size is small, the adsorption is strong and the temperature is low. The results allowed to evaluate these effects quantitatively. In addition, it has been found that the wall roughness has a major impact on the mass diffusion coefficient and a non negligible one on the thermal diffusion coefficient
Nyeki, Joseph. "Transport de matière et composition chimique superficielle dans des alliages à fort potentiel industriel." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX30059.
We discuss diffusion and segregation studies performed in two kinds of technologically important materials : shape memory alloys and amorphous semiconductors. 63Ni GB diffusion is studied in polycrystalline NiTi by radiotracer. The results are presented in the framework of previous bulk diffusion studies. 63Ni and 67Ga bulk diffusion are studied in monocrystalline Ni2MnGa and the diffusion parameters compared to bulk diffusion parameters published in B2 systems. Surface segregation of Ge in amorphous Si1-xGex thin films is analyzed by AES. The equilibrium segregation parameters are obtained using McLean's model and the diffusion and segregation parameters calculated using Lea and Seah's model. Sb diffusion and segregation is studied in a-Si/Sb bilayers by AES. The diffusion and segregation parameters are calculated from the kinetic curves using Lea and Seah's model. The diffusivity and the segregation of Sb are compared to that of different dopants in a-Si and c-Si
Maucci, Emmanuelle. "Étude de l'effet de phénomènes hydrodynamiques transitoires sur le transfert de matière et de chaleur dans les réacteurs polyphasiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1999_MAUCCI_E.pdf.
Amiroudine, Sakir, and Jalil Ouazzani. "Modelisation numerique des phenomenes de transport de chaleur et de masse dans les fluides supercritiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX22087.
Tisserand, Jean-Christophe. "Convection thermique : transport et mélange." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00612953.
Ould, Ahmedou Dah. "Formation et migration des dunes de sable : : Etudes expérimentales des processus d'érosion, d'avalanches et du transport éolien." Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S034.
Fiani, Emmanuel. "Adsorption de polluants gazeux sur des filtres de charbon actif. Modélisation des échanges couples de matière et de chaleur." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00820987.
Legras, Benoit. "Adsorptions et désorptions compétitives sous irradiation micro-ondes : étude de la conversion d'énergie électromagnétique couplée aux transferts de matière et de chaleur." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00849965.
Legras, Benoit. "Adsorptions et désorptions compétitives sous irradiation micro-ondes : étude de la conversion d’énergie électromagnétique couplée aux transferts de matière et de chaleur." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAM0017/document.
In this thesis, we particularly focused on competitive sorption of polar/apolar gaseous mixtures on zeolites under microwave irradiations. In a first step, we precisely studied wave-material mechanisms occuring between an electromagnetic wave and an adsorbat-adsorbent couple by studying thier dieclectric properties. In a second step, co-sorptions under microwave on a bench test have been realised and analysed. They showed the real advantages that microwave can bring to tjis process. Then, a regeneration process have benn described with a pmutiphysic modelling and experimentally validated. A purification process of a humide gas flow loaded with an apolar VOC have been proposed. The case of toluene, as an apolar compound, has been experimentally treated. This process allows an efficient and selective recovery of water and toluene molecules. This process uses the sorption selectivity properties of several zeolites and their contrasted dielectric losses
Lapouyade, Agnès. "Quantification, variabilité saisonnière et comparaison du transport advectif de la matière particulaire sur différentes marges continentales en Méditerranée nord." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30110.
The continental margins are the receptacle of the continental inputs and form a buffer zone with the open ocean. Significant quantities of matter and energy transit on these margins under the effect of a very active hydrodynamism. This work focus on the study of advective transport between the continental shelf and the open ocean, of the paniculate matter and organic carbon. The objectives are to provide a seasonal and, if possible, annual quantification of advective paniculate flux and to consider the importance of the shelf-basin exchanges in the total budgets of the margins by identification of the principal mechanisms responsible for these exchanges and their relative importance. Three sites in the Northern Mediterranean were studied within the framework of the european programs METRO-MED and MATER: Gulf of Lions, Gulf of Thermaikos and the shelf of Samothrace. Data of eight oceanographic cruises were used. They cover, at least, the two principal hydrological seasons: the stratified summer period and the not stratified winter period Concentrations of paniculate organic carbon and matter are derived from light-transmission data and water sample analyses. The circulation is determined from the geostrophic current field. The uncertainty on the transport estimation, related to the error on the prediction of the particle concentrations and to the error on speeds, is assessed. Particulate matter flux result mainly from the water flux variations rather than from variations of paniculate matter concentration. These fluxes vary seasonally and present a maximum intensity in winter. Also the autochthonous and allochtonous paniculate inputs as well as the intensity of the exchange processes between the shelf and the basin, on these three margins present a winter intensification. The studied margins show different behaviours with regard to the exchanges from paniculate matter and organic carbon with the open ocean. A compilation of annual budgets estimated from the seasonal budgets of the margins in the Northern Mediterranean, suggest that the Gulf of Lions exports paniculate matter offshore whereas the other margins import matter
Preux, Christophe. "Modélisation et calcul du transfert de masse et de chaleur dans un milieu poreux réactif en évolution structurale et applications." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13250.
Ulses, Caroline. "Dynamique océanique et transport de la matière particulaire dans le Golfe du Lion : Crue, tempête et période hivernale." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00102656.
Terris, Damian Joulain Karl Lemonnier Denis. "Transfert de chaleur à échelles de temps et d'espace ultra-courtes simulation numérique pour des nanofils et nanofilms de semiconducteur /." Poitiers : I-Médias, 2008. http://08.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/index.php?id=1924.
Berthiaud, Julien. "Procédé à sorption solide/gaz pour le transport de chaleur et de froid à longue distance." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0821.
Networks of thermal energy transportation are classically based on sensible heat transport and thus they are limited to short distances. In order to realize a long-distance transport, thermochemical processes are investigated, and particularly an innovating system that couples two thermochemical dipoles. The advantages of thermochemical processes, the energetic performances and the operating cost of transport are presented. A comparison with sensible heat network is also done. An experimental study of this innovating system is also made in order to understand the main point of the system: autothermal reactor
Zagrouba, Féthi. "Séchage mixte par convection et un apport rayonnant micro-onde des milieux déformables : modélisation des phénomènes de transferts de chaleur et de matière." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL018N.