Дисертації з теми "Transport competition"
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Vigren, Andreas. "Competition in Public Transport : Essays on competitive tendering and open-access competition in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217267.
Повний текст джерелаQC 20171106
Walter, Matthias. "Efficiency and Competition in Public Transport." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-27042.
Повний текст джерелаWong, Kam. "Public transport competition between bus and rail." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3159475X.
Повний текст джерела黃鑑 and Kam Wong. "Public transport competition between bus and rail." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3159475X.
Повний текст джерелаTraytak, Sergey D. "Time-dependent competition effects in diffusion-limited crystal growth: Time-dependent competition effects in diffusion-limitedcrystal growth." Diffusion fundamentals 6 (2007) 47, S. 1-2, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14226.
Повний текст джерелаTraytak, Sergey D. "Time-dependent competition effects in diffusion-limited crystal growth." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-193781.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Ching-Fu. "Intermodal transport competition in Taiwan : empirical and theoretical issues." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322882.
Повний текст джерелаJohansson, Erik. "Competetive Tendering of Public Transport : Estimating Effects of Competition." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-106971.
Повний текст джерелаSingh, Manoj. "Competition in intermodal rail transport : the case of Indian railways." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496204.
Повний текст джерелаDuporge, François-Xavier (François-Xavier Pierre Henri) 1964. "Competition in tendering of urban public transport services in France." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65714.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 86-89).
The French tendering system for urban public transport services, introduced by the Sapin law in 1993, has often been criticized for its lack of competition. In order to check the relevance of this criticism, this thesis examines the degree of competition in the French market, using two surveys of the outcomes of tenders in the urban public transport networks outside the Paris region. The first one was conducted by the CER TU ( Centre d'Etudes sur les Reseaux, les Transports, l'Urbanisme Et les Constructions Publiques) in 1996. The second survey, undertaken in 1999 as part of this thesis research, focused on networks serving a population over 200,000 inhabitants and is based on the official minutes of the organizing authorities on the deliberation of the delegation of urban public transport services, and interviews conducted with organizing authorities, operators, and several organizations involved in urban public transport in France. Based on these two surveys, it is established that there is a small number of participants in most French tenders and that the operators in general lack competitive behavior. From this evidence, the thesis identifies five reasons for the lack of competition in the French tendering system. One obstacle is regulatory: labor law L122.12, which imposes the renewal of employment contracts on the new incumbent. The other four obstacles are: asymmetries among bidders, high tendering costs, high operation risks, and the OA' s perceived failure to conduct a fair selection. A literature review of the relevant theories on competition, industry concentration and tendering, is conducted in order to support the analysis of obstacles to competition in French tendering with the necessary theoretical background. It is then shown that all the five factors are barriers to entry, and that they should be removed, or at least reduced, in order to stimulate the entry of new competitors and therefore true competition. The thesis concludes with a presentation of a set of three strategies to improve the competition in the French market, that could be implemented within the current regulatory framework, that is to say, without modifying labor law L122-12. For each strategy, the tradeoffs between increased competition and effectiveness and quality of service are discussed. The first strategy consists of the reduction in the bundle size of service to be tendered out. The second strategy proposes a reduction of contract duration, and the third strategy consists in the improvement of the specification and selection process. It is recommended to combine all three strategies together for maximum impact on competition; this impact may however be modest, as a major barrier to entry, labor law L122-12, has not been removed. The modest increase in the number of bidders that could be achieved may still lead to an improvement in competition, and therefore in price.
by François-Xavier Duporge.
S.M.
Reynolds, Michael Matthew. "Theoretical investigations into competition, regulation, and integration in transport networks." Thesis, University of Hull, 2009. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8394.
Повний текст джерелаDal, Cengio Sara. "Competition and Response: from Active Matter to Electrolytes under Confinement." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670864.
Повний текст джерелаLa mayoría de los sistemas en la Naturaleza manifiestan fenómenos de transporte complejos que surgen de la interacción de múltiples escalas de tiempo y longitud, ya sean intrínsecas en la dinámica del sistema o forzadas externamente. Es el caso, por ejemplo, de una colonia de células migratorias cuyos mecanismos competitivos de autopropulsión e interacción permiten la reorganización en diferentes tejidos; o, al "acercar" y mirar el mismo sistema en una escala diferente, es el caso de los canales iónicos ubicados en las membranas de las células mencionadas. Estos canales exhiben típicamente una selectividad de iones extraordinaria y permeabilidad al agua debido a la interacción entre el confinamiento geométrico, las propiedades de la superficie y los conductos externos. Ya sea para investigar las estructuras colectivas del primer sistema, o las propiedades nanofluídicas del último, se basa en los intereses del lector. En cualquier caso, encontrará algo de reflexión en esta tesis.
Chittenden, Sandra Jane. "Systems analysis of amino acid transport competition in health and disease." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46999.
Повний текст джерелаWong, Wai-sum May. "Public light bus service in a challenging transport environment." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31633109.
Повний текст джерелаKonrad, Wilfried, Christoph Neinhuis, and Anita Roth-Nebelsick. "Competition between diffusion and advection may mediate self-repair of wax microstructures on plant surfaces." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-202156.
Повний текст джерелаVoudouris, Ioannis. "Maritime transport properties and competition law issues : partial function cooperation agreements in liner and tramp shipping." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8764.
Повний текст джерелаLu, Angela Cheng-Jui. "International airline alliances : EC competition law-US antitrust law and international air transport /." Leiden, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41007115m.
Повний текст джерелаSIMONELLI, FELICE. "Selected Topics in Regulation and Competition." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200835.
Повний текст джерелаEssien, E. E. "Competition between air and sea transport in the overseas trade of West Africa." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373126.
Повний текст джерелаWhelan, Stephen P. "Land freight transport in Australia : an economic analysis of regulatory and competition reform." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1996. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27642.
Повний текст джерелаPiechucka, Joanna. "Essays in competition policy and public procurement." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E013.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD dissertation studies three research questions in public procurement and competition policy presented in the respective chapters and preceded by a general introduction. The first chapter focuses on a microeconometric analysis of the strategic relationships between a firm awarded a public contract and the public authority responsible for regulating a public service. It exploits data on the French urban public transport industry to study the determinants of regulatory contract choices which in turn impact the cost efficiency of transport operators. The second chapter explores an ex-post assessment of a merger which took place between two major transport groups in France (Veolia Transport and Transdev), focusing on the possible existence of merger efficiency gains. Finally, the third chapter provides insight on the impact of merger when firms compete in quality and reposition their services by analyzing the French hospital industry
O'Reilly, Margaret Dolores. "Intensity of competition in a recently deregulated industry : the airline industry of the European Community." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1995. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844062/.
Повний текст джерелаPinka, Jan. "Konkurence mezi osobní železniční a leteckou dopravou." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193178.
Повний текст джерелаKuzovkov, Vladimir N., Guntars Zvejnieks, and Eugene A. Kotomin. "Diffusion and self-assembly of charged nanoparticles in polar media: a competition between short-range and long-range interactions." Diffusion fundamentals 24 (2015) 31, S. 1, 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A14547.
Повний текст джерелаJuang, Yih-Ching. "Inter-port competition and inland container transport : a multiple criteria decision-making approach to achieve intermodal transport system development strategies in Taiwan." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2833.
Повний текст джерелаWall, Rickard E. "The importance of transport costs for spatial structures and competition in goods and service industries /." Linköping : Univ, 2001. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2001/man50s.htm.
Повний текст джерелаPaganelli, Filippo. "Cooperation and competition in the air transport market: current scenario, possible evolutions and analytical tools." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4906/1/paganelli_filippo_tesi.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSince the advent of the liberalization process, both the airport and the airline have witnessed substantial changes. The greatest improvement in airport management has been the adoption of more commercial-oriented and efficient policies. Traditional forms of regulations as well as the characteristics of the commercial management have been investigated. A sample of twelve countries has been chosen in order to investigate the situation of air transport market worldwide, among those there are countries with a mature airport system as well as emerging countries. The traffic distribution at airports has been analysed with the HHI to highlight airports with a concentration higher than 0,25 (according to US normative); the airport system has been analysed through the use of both the Gini concentration index and the Dominance Index. Finally, the games theory has proven to be a valid support to the study of air traffic market, even by the use of simple Prisoner’s dilemma-like games.
Paganelli, Filippo. "Cooperation and competition in the air transport market: current scenario, possible evolutions and analytical tools." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4906/.
Повний текст джерелаSince the advent of the liberalization process, both the airport and the airline have witnessed substantial changes. The greatest improvement in airport management has been the adoption of more commercial-oriented and efficient policies. Traditional forms of regulations as well as the characteristics of the commercial management have been investigated. A sample of twelve countries has been chosen in order to investigate the situation of air transport market worldwide, among those there are countries with a mature airport system as well as emerging countries. The traffic distribution at airports has been analysed with the HHI to highlight airports with a concentration higher than 0,25 (according to US normative); the airport system has been analysed through the use of both the Gini concentration index and the Dominance Index. Finally, the games theory has proven to be a valid support to the study of air traffic market, even by the use of simple Prisoner’s dilemma-like games.
Barry, Nicholas Peter. "Investigations of photorefractive barium titanate at high intensity." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362353.
Повний текст джерелаPetsikas, George. "Airline deregulation and competition in the Canadian air transport industry today, and prospects for the future." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59582.
Повний текст джерелаThe second major development was the extremely rapid process of consolidation, precipitated mainly by deregulation, into an industry dominated by two airlines; a duopoly. The implications arising from this situation for present and future competition in the Canadian air transport industry, as viewed from a market contestability perspective, need to be assessed.
Holtkamp, Michael [Verfasser]. "The Wider Impacts of Transport Infrastructure Investments: Agglomeration and Imperfect Competition in General Equilibrium / Michael Holtkamp." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1169132634/34.
Повний текст джерелаDavies, Reg. "Public passenger transport in inter-war Britain : the Southern Railway's response to bus competition, 1923-39." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8905/.
Повний текст джерелаNASSI, Marianna. "Reactive transport of pollutants in porous media." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389259.
Повний текст джерелаSchwedes, Oliver. "The failure of integrated transport policy in Germany: a historical perspective." Elsevier, 2010. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36359.
Повний текст джерелаWan, Cheuk-wai, and 尹卓偉. "Intra-modal competition of public transport services in Hong Kong: a case study of bus service provision." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31261164.
Повний текст джерелаChu, Kut-fai Michael, and 朱吉輝. "Speed competition in an affluent and densely-populated city: a case study of bus transport in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128493.
Повний текст джерела黃蔚琛 and Wai-sum May Wong. "Public light bus service in a challenging transport environment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31633109.
Повний текст джерелаChu, Kut-fai Michael. "Speed competition in an affluent and densely-populated city : a case study of bus transport in Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128493.
Повний текст джерелаCole, Peter. "Urban rail perspectives in Perth, Western Australia: modal competition, public transport, and government policy in Perth since 1880." Thesis, Cole, Peter (2000) Urban rail perspectives in Perth, Western Australia: modal competition, public transport, and government policy in Perth since 1880. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2000. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/660/.
Повний текст джерелаCole, Peter. "Urban rail perspectives in Perth, Western Australia : modal competition, public transport, and government policy in Perth since 1880." Murdoch University, 2000. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20061122.125641.
Повний текст джерелаBertho, Fabien. "The impact of liner shipping trade and competition regulations on the market structure, maritime transport costs and seaborne trade flows." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/7o52iohb7k6srk09mit038srm.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation aims at assessing the impact of liner shipping trade and competition regulations on the market structure, prices, and seaborne trade flows. To quantify the overall level of trade restrictions in the liner shipping sector, I construct an original Service Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI). The original STRI is included in a two-stage econometric analysis. Since barriers to trade are likely to influence seaborne trade through maritime transport costs (MTCs), in a first stage, I assess the impact of trade restrictions on MTCs. And, in a second stage I assess the impact of MTCs on seaborne trade flows. I show that barriers to trade affect positively MTCs and that MTCs affect negatively seaborne trade flows. Thus, barriers to trade have an indirect and negative impact on seaborne trade flows. Furthermore, I show that distance affects positively MTCs. The results also suggest that besides affecting negatively seaborne trade through MTCs, distance affect directly and positively seaborne trade. I assess the impact of regulatory barriers to entry on the market structure and MTCs. In a first stage, I assess the impact of regulations on the market structure. In a second stage, I assess the impact of the market structure on MTCs. I show that the presence of maritime conferences does not affect the number of carriers on routes while the presence of discussion agreements does. Moreover, when they reach a critical level, barriers to trade limit the number of carriers. Furthermore, I show barriers to trade affect MTCs through the market structure and marginal costs. Finally, I show that shipping exercise a market power even though this effect is small
Hammad, Mohanad. "Le désenclavement maritime de l'Irak : perspectives de compétitivité et capacités concurrentielles." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040058.
Повний текст джерелаBasrah in the bottom of the Arabian Gulf. Iraq possesses a small 58km-coastline in the Arabian Gulf which gives the country a strategic view of the world. This side has a vital influence on the Iraqi local market as well as the global one since imports goods from various countries and mainly exports oil. Such a condition has triggered great opportunities, but it has unfortunately caused perils. During the last two decades, Iraqi ports have witnessed a tough competition with neighbor countries’ ports (Kuwait, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Iran, United Arab Emirates) who have been through noticeable development and progress while , the performance and efficiency of the Iraqi ports decreased during the same period because of the wars Iraq has conducted between 1980-2000 (1st , 2nd and 3rd Gulf war) . One of the causes which has weakened and caused shortcoming to the Iraqi ports is the economic blockade which has been imposed on Iraq for 13 years. This eventually forced Iraq to resort to neighbor countries’ ports goods such as the commercial port of Aqaba in order to import and export. Due to Iraqi economic prosperity after 2003, the country was in urgent need of affective and efficient ports that would enable it to host ships with attractive and high-quality services. Enhancing their competitiveness has thus became of great importance.This paper locates the Iraqi problematic in the scientific field of the geography of transport of the concept of which is seeks to rely on. It is framed within the emergency context to to include the particular case of Iraq in a reflection which aims to demonstrate that, despite a context still dominated by negative factors, the rationality of the world of transport and logistics can Impose a scenario of growth if not of sustainable development. Therefore, this survey proposes to reveal the possibilities of actual Iraqi ports It aims to study both the problems and obstacles that the Iraqi ports have witnessed and the actual actual competitiveness and for their future perspectives. A huge amount of work isis, accordingly, deemed necessary.The internal organization of ports needs to be examined. With the building of Fao port, which is an essential step towards the enhancement of Iraq’s competiveness and a response to the requirements of global market, Iraq holds its head high. Its goal is to enter the competition, not only by reexamining its port schema , but , in fact , by developing backcountry strategies and multimodal corridors. Furthermore, with Al-Basrah –Fao and through going beyond the oil logics alone, Iraq can find a maritime opening on the world
Trapote, Barreira César. "Methodology for optimal design of efficient air transport network in a competitive environment." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/350317.
Повний текст джерелаEl diseño de redes de transporte aéreo es un factor clave de eficiencia en una industria altamente competitiva. A pesar de que la rentabilidad es de suma importancia, el sistema considera la experiencia del usuario y los beneficios sociales para obtener un óptimo global. Un enfoque analítico permite derivar principios de diseño de redes de transporte aéreo: la tesis muestra cómo unas pocas variables y sus interacciones explican los factores clave del diseño de la red a nivel estratégico. Los servicios punto-a-punto muestran supremacía en las redes simples y para demandas altas y compensadas, una configuración con escalas es adecuada para rutas lejanas con poca demanda, y las operaciones hub and spoke mejoran las dos estrategias anteriores para redes grandes, cuando la demanda es baja o cuando las frecuencias son altas, pero son más sensibles a la propagación de demoras. El enfoque analítico permite prever el comportamiento de nuevas compañías aéreas entrando en el sector. El modelo incluye costes fijos de propiedad del avión y laborales (al contrario de las hipótesis habituales de la industria, que trabaja con costes variables), puesto que tienen un impacto importante en la cuenta de resultados. Una vez se han derivado guías de diseño, la tesis formula un planteamiento más realista del diseño de redes de transporte aéreo basado en programación matemática lineal, que se resuelve con una combinación del Algoritmo de Enumeración Completa y el Algoritmo de Búsqueda Exhaustiva (ambos proporcionan la solución exacta o un óptimo global para cualquier planteamiento del problema). El modelo incluye asignación de flotas, rutas de aeronaves y programación de tripulaciones. Mientras que los algoritmos exactos son apropiados para aerolíneas pequeñas, los problemas más grandes necesitan Búsqueda Tabú. El crecimiento del transporte aéreo y la congestión en los aeropuertos (a veces propiciada por las operaciones hub&spoke) pueden afectar las demoras con un efecto de bola de nieve o látigo; sin embargo el análisis de la complejidad de la red aérea puede incrementar la resiliencia de las operaciones. Un buen diseño de la red aérea, una buena planificación y unos algoritmos eficientes, son aspectos clave para proporcionar fiabilidad a las aerolíneas y así reducir los recursos inactivos asociados a “colchones de tiempo” (en los horarios de los vuelos) y/o en aviones “de reserva” en la plataforma para recuperar planes de vuelo. El “acolchado” mejora la percepción de la calidad por parte del pasajero, pero con un control activo del horario de vuelos puede conseguirse la misma percepción con costes menores. El entorno competitivo de las aerolíneas se analiza con teoría de juegos: un modelo de Stakelberg para dos aerolíneas competidoras muestra que una guerra de frecuencias o tarifas es perjudicial para ambas aerolíneas. Un modelo Cournot propone una tasa de navegación y de congestión según la correcta utilización de la capacidad. Vuelos (de la misma alianza) a lo largo del mundo con escalas en los hubs principales se proponen como investigación futura
Morimoto, Yu. "Economic Analysis of Policies on Air-transportation Market." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215277.
Повний текст джерелаTillman, Peter. "Carrier selection criteria for Scandinavian domestic road transport : A study of the competition between Scandinavian and Eastern European hauliers in a scenario without restrictions on cabotage." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Centre of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19668.
Повний текст джерелаBorsati, Mattia. "Empirical Essays on Transport and Regional Economics: Safety, Intermodality, and Commuting Dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/268170.
Повний текст джерелаBorsati, Mattia. "Empirical Essays on Transport and Regional Economics: Safety, Intermodality, and Commuting Dynamics." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/268170.
Повний текст джерелаTantikul, Kiattipon. "The possibility of achieving US and EU air transport agreement in terms of competition in the transatlantic aviation market: Third party country perspectives." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=87021.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis will explore the feasibility of achieving US and EU Air Transport Agreement in terms of competition, from the perspective of third party country. In this regard, the similarities and differences in the competition policies and laws of the parties will be identified, compared and used for analyzing the achievement of the Agreement.
Le développement de l'industrie aéronautique a conduit à la signature d'accords bilatéraux, qui jouent un rôle croissant comme instruments de négociation entre les Etats parties. L'accord sur le transport aérien signé entre l'Union Européenne et les Etats-Unis, est devenu un accord bilatéral de premier plan, qui marque une nouvelle ère de l'industrie aéronautique mondiale. De nombreux problèmes actuels controversés relatifs au domaine du transport aérien, pourraient normalement être résolus par des négociations exclusives entre les deux parties en présence. Les retombées positives de l'accord ont été prévues non seulement par les deux parties, mais également par les pays tiers.
Cette thèse étudiera la possibilité de parvenir à un accord sur le transport aérien entre l'UE et les Etats-Unis, en matière de concurrence, du point de vue d'un pays tiers. Dans cette perspective, les similitudes et les différences entres les règles et lois concurrentielles seront identifiées, comparées et utilisées afin d'analyser la réalisation de l'accord.
Lévêque, Julien. "Réguler les chemins de fer sur une proposition de la nouvelle économie de la réglementation : "la concurrence par comparaison" (yardstick competition)." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012043.
Повний текст джерелаSioulas, Andreas. "The relevant market : From an air passenger perspective." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12221.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis intends to analyze and clarify the relevant market within air passenger transport. Further the thesis intends to investigate if there is any difference in air passenger transport in accordance to more general business. The definition of the relevant market is an essential step in order to establish a breach under European competition law. The relevant market includes the relevant product market and the relevant geographic market. The fundamental issue in the relevant product market is whether products are considered to be substitutable and can constitute the same market. The Commission has set a notice which includes methods and criterias and serves as guidelines to courts and companies to define the relevant market. The notice is however not binding for courts. The CJ have developed implementation of the criterias which it tends to refer to even if it is a different branch, however a case-by-case based definition is needed. The definition of the relevant market is based on three main criterias: demand substitutability, supply substitutability and potential competition. Even though the supply substitutability seems not be implemented in a further extension in more general branches, it seems to be of greater importance when defining the relevant market within air passenger transport. The air passenger transport has also established a test called base of origin and base of destination which includes an analysis of price, travel frequencies, comfort of the journey, transfer time to terminals and differences in the qualities and quantities in airports. However according to air passenger transport, travel sequences seems to be the criteria that courts focus most on.