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1
Hrushko, Svitlana. "MODELS OF TRANSLATION EQUIVALENCE IN MACHINE TRANSLATION: PRAGMATIC ASPECT." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 30 (March 2020): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-30-4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of the article is to study problems of translation equivalence in machine translation, which is based on a sequence of invariable actions (algorithms) with a text to identify linguistic equivalents in a pair of languages at a given direction of translation by means of a computer, in respect of the pragmatic aspect. Translation equivalence is understood as a specific type of equivalence, which is fundamentally different from other types, since it does not correlate with the phenomena that have a special place in the structure of a language, but the phenomena that currently exist in a language correlation or are equivalent to the text content. The translation is formalized, but allows getting an idea of the text content at the introductory level, since it is not an accurate, adequate translation, but performs the function of rendering basic information. Machine translation is not able to render nuances of an original text, not only at the lexical level. When translating, it is necessary to take peculiarities of syntax and semantics into account. Adequate computer translation is almost impossible in this case. This fact is recognized by all scholars who study possibilities of this type of translation only when rendering main content of a document without taking language nuances and features into account. Machine translation can be carried out on a basis of the translation equivalence (objective and dynamic) model. The model in terms of linguistic technology provides an optimal solution of problems of independent linguistic description and algorithm. The system of translation equivalence, which can be implemented within the model of translation equivalence, allows providing sufficient quality of machine translation at the pre-editing stage. When creating a machine translation program, in addition to solving linguistic problems, a program of their implementation is also necessary, since a translation program is a tool for studying and finding information in a foreign language, and the prospects of a machine translation are related to the further development of translation theory and practice in general.
2
Gerzymisch-Arbogast, Heidrun. "Theory-related translation research. Some thoughts on methodology." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 14, no. 26 (February 27, 2017): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v14i26.25640.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article illustrates some methodological principles for translation research and for writing theory-related research papers. A number of postulates are formulated with respect to basic structural dimensions of organizing research papers (working hypothesis, ‘state of the art’ in research, solution proposal and validity test). Examples for norm-compliant behavior are given. Since the problem of writing the ‘state of the art’ of research seems to be one of the major problems facing young scholars, particular emphasis is given to this aspect.
3
Wuryantoro, Aris. "Learning Translation and Multi-culture to Reduce Social Conflict." Social Sciences, Humanities and Education Journal (SHE Journal) 1, no. 1 (January 19, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/she.v1i1.5855.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>This study aims to describe the role of learning translation with enhancing multi-culture understanding to reduce social conflict in society. This study used descriptive qualitative method by using documentation technique in collecting data. The source of the data are documentations in the form of intralingual and interlingual translation. The result of the study reveals that translation has four aspects, there are meaning, grammatical structure, communication situation, and cultural context. Besides, translation is closely related to cultural context aspect because translation contains at least cultural aspect from source language and target language. The researchers conclude that learning translation can enhance multi-culture in order to reduce social conflicts. The language used by one society automatically shows its language user or its social identity. The researcher concludes that by mastering language and culture of one society as a part of learning translation, we can reduce social conflict which mainly caused by misunderstanding toward the used language and culture. </p>
4
Pelawi, Bena Yusuf. "Aspek Semantik dan Pragmatik dalam Penerjemahan." Lingua Cultura 3, no. 2 (November 30, 2009): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v3i2.341.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research deployed translation issues, mainly concerning from semantic and pragmatic aspects. Discussion was started by stating the importance of linguistic aspects comprehended and applied by a translator, such as grammar, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, and psycholinguistics. Research presented six meaning problems in translation, those related to lexical meaning, grammatical meaning, contextual meaning or situational meaning, textual meaning, socio-cultural meaning, and idiomatic meaning. It can be concluded that the ability to apply linguistic aspect both from the source and targeted languages take important role to produce a good translation.
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Munandar, Siswoyo Aris, Laelatul Barokah, and Elia Malikhaturrahmah. "Analisis Genetik Objektif Afektif atas Alquran dan Terjemahnya dalam Bahasa Jawa Banyumasan." JOURNAL OF QUR'AN AND HADITH STUDIES 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/quhas.v9i2.16892.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The focus of the study conducted by the researcher this time is on the translator section, the product, and the public's response to the translation. As for the translator, the writer terms it with the genetic aspect, the researcher's product is the objective aspect, while the response of the research community is termed the affective aspect. So that the problem formulations built by the researcher include (1) How is the method of translating the Qur'an and its translation: Javanese Banyumasan?, (2) What is the quality of the translation of the Al-Qur'an and its translation: Javanese Banyumasan ?, (3) How Banyumas community response with the presence of the Qur’an and its translation: Javanese Banyumasan ?. The results of this study are; First, related to the method, this translation is a type of tafsiriah translation or communicative translation. The Banyumas language, which basically does not recognize upload-upload or karmic system, is feared that it will damage the sacred and trenendental nuances of the Qur’an, therefore the translator uses a compromise decision, namely the Banyumas language which adapts ethics. Second, related to the quality of the translation, this translation falls into the fair category. The trend used in this translation is domestication. Third, regarding the public's response to this translation, many have chosen an "easy" level of readability, meaning that the level of acceptance in the community is also "accepted".
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Kosherbayev, Rinad, Gulmira Mukhamejanova, Zhazira Koshanova, Samal Zhuanyshpaeva, and Danagul Kuandykova. "Innovations in audiovisual translation: in enhancement of cross-cultural aspect in modern conditions." XLinguae 15, no. 2 (April 2022): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2022.15.02.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study is devoted to the norms of audiovisual translation (AVT), analysis, and evaluation of the translation of audiovisual texts documentaries about wildlife. In recent decades the demand for documentary films by the audience has been gaining momentum. To a large extent, the volume of the release of foreign documentaries. Among the clear leaders in the market of cinematographic production can be identified such giants as the BBC, Discovery, Netflix, and NBO. Viewers’ interest in the products produced by these companies’ production is growing. Against this background, more than ever, it becomes in apparent that audiovisual translation of documentaries broadcast on the air television and on large screens is impossible without adaptation to the recipient. In this regard, the quality of the translation of foreign media content into the target language plays a paramount role. The degree of development of the research, related to the translation of film/video materials, was engaged by domestic and foreign scientists. However, the approach to studying this problem is heterogeneous. Our research focuses on the norms of translation of audiovisual texts of documentary films about wildlife, their analysis in a diachronic aspect, systematization, and identification of stable and mobile norms. Special attention is paid to the study paradigm of audiovisual translation documentaries. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that today’s audiovisual translation is a little-explored area in domestic translation studies. In addition, the steady trend towards the rapid development of computer technology and the popularity of the world wide web in the media sphere implies a constant increase in the volume of foreign audiovisual products that need to be translated into the target audience’s language. During the research, it was decided to focus on the study of audiovisual translation, particularly the translation of documentaries about wildlife. Previously, when studying audiovisual translation, issues related to film translation standards and criteria for evaluating the translation of documentary films were not covered. In this study, an attempt was made to analyze and evaluate AVTs of wildlife documentaries. Based on the data obtained, we identify and systematize the norms of audiovisual translation of documentaries, which took shape over several periods.
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Fitria, Tira Nur. "ANALYSIS ON CLARITY AND CORRECTNESS OF GOOGLE TRANSLATE IN TRANSLATING AN INDONESIAN ARTICLE INTO ENGLISH." International Journal of Humanity Studies (IJHS) 4, no. 2 (March 31, 2021): 256–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/ijhs.v4i2.3227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this study is to analyze the aspects of clarity and correctness in Google Translate’s ability in translating an Indonesian article from English into Indonesian. This research refers to qualitative research. Data used in this research is a published Indonesian article which is translated into English by using Google Translate. Based on the analysis, the researcher concludes that Google Translate is a machine translator, but there is always going to be potentially less clarity and correctness at the end of the translation product such as in Indonesian articles into English. Because English grammar is a complicated thing to be learned, people perhaps cannot expect more that machine translator understands every aspect of the way human beings communicate with each other. That is why the answer about the clarity and the correctness of Google Translate is that it still has a way to go before it can consistently, clearly, and correctly translate the language without errors. In the clarity aspect, there is still no clarity in English translation by Google Translate, even it translated the language word-for-word. In the correctness aspect, it refers to the mechanical rule in writing which is related to grammar, punctuation, and spelling. Some examples of non-correctness are related to grammar and punctuation errors. Machine translators have come a long way in a short amount of time, but some features still lack good translation such as in aspects of grammar and punctuation.
8
Lo, Siowai. "Translation for communicative purposes." Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 5, no. 2 (April 24, 2019): 185–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00031.lo.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract An underexplored aspect of the use of translation in the L2 classroom is its potential to foster in-class communication. This article explores the efficacy of translation tasks as compared to monolingual writing tasks in engendering language-related discussions in class. The study is longitudinal and includes two experiments carried out in an EFL college setting. Data were collected over two semesters and a comparatively stronger presence of language-related episodes (LREs) was found among those who worked on translation tasks. This higher level of engagement in L2 class discussions suggests that translation tasks are advantageous in engendering student-initiated LREs, drawing learners’ attention to lexis and grammar, and fostering communication in the classroom.
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JABAK, OMAR Osman. "Application of Eugene Nida’s theory of translation to the English translation of surah Ash-Shams." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 12, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/tc29461.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The present study aimed to test the applicability of Nida’s theory of translation to an English translation of surah Ash-Shams of the Holy Qur’an. Towards that general aim, the study provided an overview of Nida’s theory of translation and the aspects whose applicability to the English translation of surah Ash-Shams would be tested. In addition, the study examined the Editor’s Preface to the English translation of the Holy Qur’an from which surah Ash-Shams was selected. A contrastive analysis was also devised and provided to help match the source text with the target text and measure the applicability of Nida’s theory of translation to both texts. The study revealed that, in general, Nida’s theory was applicable with the exception of one aspect related to word order. It is, therefore, recommended that large-scale research be conducted on the applicability of Nida’s theory to an English translation of the whole Holy Qur’an to either confirm the findings of this study or challenge them.
10
Des Tombe, Louis. "Is Translation Symmetric?" Meta 37, no. 4 (September 30, 2002): 791–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004494ar.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract General properties of the translation relation are of interest to translators, translatologists and machine translation system designers. As translation is somehow related to the intuitive notion “equivalence”, one wonders whether it has the properties of strict mathematical equivalence. Symmetry is one of these. The paper starts out with some definitions, so that the question can he treated in a meaningful way. The answer turns out to be positive for “perfect” but negative for “imperfect” translation#x2009;; the latter because of a tendency of translators to “weaken” claims made in texts. This asymmetric aspect of imperfect translation is explained by relating it to a “monotonie” view of the organization of discourse. The paper ends with a description of a machine translation system designed to produce perfect translation, and draws conclusions about machine translation design.
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MUSTAFAYEVA, MALAKHAT MUSTAFA. "POTENTIAL TRANSLATION OPPORTUNITIES IN THE ASPECT OF COMMUNICATION THEORY." HUMANITARIAN RESEARCHES 4, no. 80 (2021): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21672/1818-4936-2021-80-4-081-087.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The presented article is written on a topical topic. In it, within the boundaries of the main acts of communication, emphasis is placed on some supporting factors. First of all, the two-part formula is subject to correction: translator-reader. Without in any way questioning the inviolability of this traditional formulation, the article attempts to saturate it with new content. In particular, based on the works of leading Russian and European scientists, it is shown that the translator, using different communicative capabilities, brings to the reader the meaning of the transmitted information, drawing ideas from the arsenal of several options. This is how the discussion about the variability of translation activity arises and develops, which in turn is closely related to the signification and denotation of the text. These terms are not only disclosed, but also subjected to a little critical analysis. The article is written exclusively in a theoretical way: a large place is occupied by the statements of scientists who are actively involved in the problems chosen in the article, and from various linguistic positions. Meanwhile, such an approach, in our opinion, fully justifies the goal set: to point out the broad potential possibilities of translation, using purely theoretical material for this. It includes: A) Definition of monolingual or bilingual communication as an integral part of translation; B) An indication of the equivalence, identity or difference of the language codes of the sender and the recipient of the information; C) Identification of the nature of language communication with its inherent factors; D) Definition of the role of significates and denotations. At the end of the article, the translation possibilities are subordinated to some cultural ideas.
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Gruschko, Svitlana, Tetiana Koroleva, and Oleksandra Popova. "Hermeneutics of Translation as Methodological Basis of Adequate Translation of Scientific and Technical Texts." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 26, no. 27 (February 2019): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2018-27-9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article focuses on the problems of translation in the field of hermeneutics, understood as a methodology in the activity of an interpreter, the doctrine of the interpretation of texts, as a component of the transmission of information in a communicative aspect. The relevance of the study is caused by the special attention of modern linguistics to the under-researched issues of hermeneutics related to the problems of transmission of foreign language text semantics in translation. Key words: hermeneutics, information, interpretation, text, translation, communication.
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Veckrācis, Jānis. "Informācijas izgūšanas nozīme un daži ar sintaksi saistīti apsvērumi juridisko tekstu tulkošanā." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 24 (December 2, 2020): 437–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2020.24.437.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The translation of legal documents – not a new field in translation practice or theoretical discourse – gained a new dimension for translators’ work in Latvia when, after restoring independence, the country was reintegrated into international processes and organizations. Consequently, the development of legal text translation competence has also become an important task in the study programs related to translation of LSP texts. Against this background, the paper addresses some of the issues of understanding and interpreting legislation in the translation situation, with a particular focus on working with the functions and implications of sentence syntax. This part of the work provides the translator with the opportunity to find not only successful grammatical solutions in the target language sentences, but above all, a prerequisite for understanding the meaning of the source text. For the purposes of the study, the relevant aspects are briefly outlined in a theoretical context by focusing on the specific features of legal texts and the competence-related requirements for translators; it also includes an analysis of examples based on both published translations of legislation and the typical problems encountered in student translations. The study leads to several conclusions. Accuracy (also with regard to interpretation), an element of the general concepts of equivalence/adequacy, stands out as a specific aspect and criterion of legal text translation quality; it is necessary to ensure that the meaning of terms is not broadened or narrowed and that the applicability or explicit/implicit attitude is not altered – translations of a number of units and elements tend to be almost literal. The practice of translating legal texts generally requires that target texts be rendered as consistently as possible, which to a large extent implies an almost literal relationship with the source text; any changes need explicit justification. A specific aspect of translators’ competence is the examination undertaken during the pre-translation phase to determine the applicability of the relevant legal provisions and select the most appropriate sources of information. An important prerequisite for a quality translation is understanding the essence of the source sentence.
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Ardi, Havid. "PENERJEMAHAN REGISTER MILITER PADA SUBTITLING FILM ”THE GREAT RAID”." Lingua Didaktika: Jurnal Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa 7, no. 1 (April 10, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ld.v7i1.3530.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Subtitling is a kind of audiovisual translation/AVT. Translating oral dialogue into text (subtitling) has various aspects that must be considered, such as time exposure, space limitation. Related to sociolinguistic aspect, it is also known that language user and usage determined by various factor such as age, sex, and profession. One of the objects in sociolinguistics is register, a language variation, that exist in any social group. This research is aimed at discovering the ways of subtitler translating military register as the character of a social group. The tentative finding shows that military register tends to be translated in general term. Keyword: subtitling, military register, audiovisual translation
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Luo, Wen Hua. "Analysis of User Activity Based on Registry in RAM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 1787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.1787.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As important evidences and clue sources in computer crime investigation, the information of user activity plays an important role in the aspect of revealing detail of offender’s operation. The specific keys of registry in RAM are related to specific user activity. The structures of registry in RAM are different from in disk, especially in the aspect of cell index translation. Based on analysis of data structure for registry in RAM, this paper introduces the technology of cell index translation in detail. Also summarizes the keys closely related to user activity, and illustrates the method of analysis of user activity based on registry in RAM with real case. The method is proved to be accurate and efficient in real work of digital investigation.
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Derbenyova, Lidiya. "CONTEXTUAL SUBTEXT INFORMATION OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEXT: HERMENEUTIC APPROACH." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 30 (March 2020): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-30-5.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article focuses on the problems of translation in the field of hermeneutics, understood as a methodology in the activity of an interpreter, the doctrine of the interpretation of texts, as a component of the transmission of information in a communicative aspect. The relevance of the study is caused by the special attention of modern linguistics to the under-researched issues of hermeneutics related to the problems of transmission of foreign language text semantics in translation. The process of translation in the aspect of hermeneutics is regarded as the optimum search and decision-making process, which corresponds to a specific set of functional criteria of translation, which can take many divergent forms. The translator carries out a number of specific translation activities: the choice of linguistic means and means of expression in the translation language, replacement and compensation of nonequivalent units. The search for the optimal solution itself is carried out using the “trial and error” method. The translator always acts as an interpreter. Within the boundaries of a individual utterance, it must be mentally reconstructed as conceptual situations, the mentally linguistic actions of the author, which are verbalized in this text.
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Mykhnitska, I. V. "IS THE TRANSLATION — HELL FOR THE IDENTITY OF THE ORIGINAL (BASED ON RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE TRANSFORMATIONS OF I. DRACH’S POETRY)." Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World, no. 68 (1) (2021): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2021.1.08.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Translation is the cornerstone of many scientific studies. This is a multifaceted niche in the literature, because translation studies as a phenomenon is due to the ambivalence of perception and judgment. Many writers and literary critics have substantiated this topic in their research. For example, M. Rylsky, R. Gromiak, A. Tkachenko, M. Lanovyk. This paper focuses on only one aspect of the mainstream, namely the study of translation from a related language, as it seems that this type of text reproduction may cause less difficulty compared to translation from distant languages, but de facto hide many obstacles on the way to the perfect metamorphosis of the components of the text. Through I. Drach’s interpretations it is possible to trace the uniqueness of his idiosyncrasy within the colorfulness of the Ukrainian language and linguistic realities. Purpose: to investigate the comparative aspect on the material of Russian-language transformations of I. Drach’s poetry: comparison of art worlds, receptive strategies of narrators, the role of translations and the mediating language between the author and the recipient. According to the set purpose the following tasks are allocated: make a comparative analysis of I. Drach’s poetry and its Russian-language transformations; to investigate the level of completed translations, distinguishing between positive and negative aspects; to define the role of «pseudo-friends of translators», creolisms, untranslatable realities and translation compensations in interpretations of Ukrainian-language poems; to investigate whether the translation tries to preserve the so-called spirit of the original, whether it adapts the poetry to the level of another language, thinking, national psychology; determine the extent to which the balance between the transformation of architecture, rhythmic melodies, associative, metaphorical and symbolic systems of the original is preserved.
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Novakov, Predrag. "ENGLISH PROGRESSIVE ASPECT: TRENDS, USES AND SERBIAN TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS." Nasledje Kragujevac 18, no. 48 (2021): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/naskg2148.151n.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
English progressive aspect has been a frequent topic of research from different standpoints, especially its usage and its status as a tense or aspect. Some recent studies pointed to the fact that the use of progressive has been changing over the decades, showing differences in frequency, meanings and implications. Therefore, this paper compares the approach to progressive in selected English grammars with the use of progressive in a contemporary literary corpus. Namely, the first part of the paper presents standpoints from the English grammar books that progressive offers a temporal frame for another situation, that it may denote duration, temporariness, incompletion, emotionally coloured tone etc. The central part of the paper discusses these standpoints and relates them to the uses of progressive aspect (present, present perfect, past, past perfect and future progressive) in the contemporary novel Girl with a Pearl Earring by Tracy Chevalier. The primary goal of this empirical research is to gain insight into the current tendencies related to the use of progressive aspect in the literary style, for instance, the statistical data about the abovementioned meanings; the second goal is to check the feature of stativity and the uses of stative verbs in the progressive aspect in the corpus. Finally, the paper discusses the Serbian translation equivalents of the excerpted English examples because they reflect the uses of the English progressive and may help clarify them
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Popova, Oleksandra. "INTERROGATIVE COMMUNICATIVE SEMANTICS OF NON-INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES: THE TRANSLATION-RELATED ASPECT (ON THE MATERIAL OF UKRAINIAN, ENGLISH AND CHINESE)." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 26, no. 27 (February 2019): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2018-27-20.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to the study of the interrogative communicative semantics of structurally non-interrogative sentences. Some possible means enabling the reproduction of interrogative communicative implementation while translating grammatically non interrogative sentences (statements) from Ukrainian into English / Chinese within the context of official academic correspondence are analysed. The type of sentences which are structurally non-interrogative and imply interrogation against the background of general conflict-free diplomacyoriented interaction is specified; some linguistic differentiating characteristics of translation within the language pairs “Ukrainian ↔ English” and “Ukrainian ↔ Chinese” are substantiated. Key words: interrogative communicative semantics, grammatically non-interrogative sentences, interrogation, official academic correspondence, translation, Ukrainian, English, Chinese.
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Naghdi, Hanieh, and Razieh Eslamieh. "Bakerian Non-equivalence Translation Strategies in Novel vs Short Story: The Case Study of Matilda vs Landlady and Other Short Stories." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1008.06.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study means to improve the translation quality of two closely related literary genres; novel and short stories by determining the most frequently used Bakerian strategies for dealing with non-equivalences at word level. For this end, the English source texts, Matilda (which is a novel) and landlady and other short stories (which is a collection of short stories) are compared with their Farsi target texts to quantitatively study the frequency of Baker’s translation strategy. The purpose is first to evaluate if there is any meaningful difference between the implementation of Bakerian non-equivalence translation strategies between a novel and a short story collection. The purpose is also to study if the narrative context affects the translation of non-equivalence and if the shortness, compactness and brevity of the short story as determining genre related factors can affect textual-cultural aspect of translation and the implementation of the selected translation strategy. The findings of this study prove that translation using a loan word or loan word plus explanation is the most frequently used strategy in both works, though it is more frequently used in short story (83%) than in novel (58%). The findings of this study can be used as one contributing factor along with other factors for translation quality assessment of the two studied prose narrative genres; novel and short story.
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Kashenkova, I. S. "Linguoculturological aspect of composites translation from german into russian." Philology at MGIMO 6, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2020-4-24-75-81.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article highlights some features of German newspaper texts and related difficulties in translating them into Russian. The topicality of this study is explained by various linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The newspaper text should provide information in an understandable and accessible language form. However, in an effort to produce a greater effect on the reader, as well as to accommodate the maximum amount of information in a compressed form, journalists resort to special techniques to influence the reader, which, in particular, include the use of composites. The main purpose of the article is to remove some of the difficulties of translating composites in the German newspaper text, caused by implicit evaluation or background information (Trümmerfrau, Teflonkanzlerin, N-Wort), which requires additional “decryption” of the overall semantic meaning of the composite. To this end, the article analyzes the specifics of the German newspaper text, establishes the most active types of composites in German newspaper texts. The increased number of complex nouns in German newspaper texts is specified on the principle of linguistic economy, which is intrinsic to German communicative style, and German word formation. Options for translating rather difficult composites into Russian are offered. Attention is drawn to the transfer of the cultural specifics of the original when using lexico-grammatical transformations to preserve the semantic load of the original and its adequate translation. It is concluded that it is necessary to take into account the cultural specifics of composites in the German newspaper text when translating them into Russian.
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Al Farisi, Mohamad Zaka. "THE IMPACT OF TECHNIQUES AND TRANSLATION IDEOLOGY ON THE CLARITY OF PRAGMATIC MEANINGS TRANSLATION OF THE QUR’ANIC IMPERATIVE VERSES." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 7, no. 3 (January 31, 2018): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v7i3.9818.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One of the stylistic features of the Qur’an is the existence of imperative verses that have certain pragmatic meanings. The feature often makes the Indonesian translation of these verses complex. This is mainly related to the fulfillment of the aspect of clarity in translation. This study aims to reveal the subtle translation of imperative verses of the Qur’an with certain pragmatic meanings. This descriptive-evaluative study used the design of embedded case study because the findings apply only to the imperative verses that serve as the research sample. The sample of the study was chosen purposively from the Qur’anic verses that contain imperative speech. They are imperative verses that have certain pragmatic meanings, such as al-tahdid (threatening), al-ihanah (humiliating), and so forth. The focus of the study is on the subtle translation of imperative verses contained in the translation version by UMT. In general, based on the responses of respondents and the test results, the translations of imperative verses by UMT produce acceptable clarity.
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Lukman, Fadhli. "Studi Kritis atas Qur’an: A Reformist Translation." Jurnal Studi Ilmu-ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Hadis 16, no. 2 (February 3, 2017): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/qh.2015.1602-03.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
change-newline"> One of some translation works on the Qur’an appears to be eccentric concidering that it reveals some important revisions to traditionaltranslation. This translation is written by Edip Yuksel, Layth Salehal-Shaiban, dan Martha Schulte-Nafeh entittled Qur’an: A ReformistTranslation. This article attempts to question the view of the writers ofQur’an: A Reformist Translation on historicity related to the Qur’an,framed with hermeneutical theory of Gadamer. The article ends to someconclussions that on their view, the Qur’an is a self-suffiient scripture, andtherefore one has no need to seek the extra-Qur’anic aspect. Eventhoughthe writers deny the importance of historicity of the Qur’an, they indeeddepend on the contemporary history which triggers their will to translatethe Qur’an. As they deny the horizons of the text and rely on their owncontemporary horizons, their approach then belongs to subjectivisthermeneutics.
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Zoric, Aleksandra. "Three indeterminacies of Quine`s." Theoria, Beograd 59, no. 4 (2016): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo1604005z.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this text we shall examine three well known theses that W. V. Quine held. In order, these are the theses of the indeterminacy of translation, ontological relativity and underdetermination of theories. First two theses are interwoven inside Quine?s writings on the possibility of the unambiguous translation from the unknown language, while the third results from the examination of the nature of scientific theories. All three theses are closely related to each other, since we can speak of both indeterminacy and ontological relativity of any single theory. However, Quine considers relativity of scientific theories a temporary matter, while, on the contrary, indeterminacy is the permanent aspect of language.
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Yan, K. "THE WAYS OF EXPRESSING SURPRISE IN THE ARTISTIC TEXTS OF IVAN BUNIN RELATED TO THE CHINESE TRANSLATION: ETHNOPSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASPECT." Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin, no. 2 (2018): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/1609-624x-2018-2-121-126.
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Halverson, Sandra L. "Metalinguistic Knowledge/Awareness/Ability in Cognitive Translation Studies: Some Questions." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business, no. 57 (June 11, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v0i57.106191.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Throughout the history of contemporary Translation Studies, theoretical, empirical and pedagogically oriented work has made use of a range of notions that assume a translator’s metalinguistic knowledge, or knowledge about language, rather than knowledge of a language or languages. Examples include ideas such as ‘translation strategies’, translational ‘problem-solving’, ‘the monitor model’ and models of translator competence. Issues related to learning, automatization, and consciousness also figure in many of the discussions. At the same time, studies in bi- and multilingualism and second (and third) language acquisition have also developed a range of related ideas and concepts to deal with some of the same issues and concerns in bi- and multilingual language production more broadly (see e.g. Jessner 2006: 40-43). Some recent translation process studies have begun to target questions related to metalinguistic awareness (e.g. Ehrensberger-Dow/Künzli 2010, Ehrensberger-Dow/Perrin 2009) while the underlying assumptions of some of the commonly used ideas are also being questioned (e.g. Muñoz Martín 2016a). The range of available ideas, the significant differences between them, and the increasingly important role these ideas are playing in cognitive translation research mandate a critical look at this conceptual field. In this paper, I present some current views on metalinguistic knowledge/awareness/ability within the bi- and multilingualism and second language acquisition (SLA) literature, and compare these to some of the most widely used constructs in Cognitive Translation Studies (CTS). The aim is to clear the conceptual ground and to single out some of the most pressing questions to be addressed regarding this particular aspect of translational cognition.
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Fitria, Tira Nur. "Error Analysis of English Abstract in International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR)." Al-Lisan 5, no. 2 (September 6, 2020): 164–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30603/al.v6i2.1335.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study aims to determine the types of errors and the most dominant type of errors in the International Journal of Economics, Business, and Accounting Research (IJEBAR) STIE AAS Surakarta, published in 2018. This study employed a qualitative method. The author used documents to collect data and analyzed the data by identifying errors, classifying errors, explanation errors, and tabulating errors. The research findings showed that the type of errors in IJEBAR was related to some aspects of writing, such as grammar, punctuation, and spelling. In the grammar aspect, there were 36 data or 50.70 %, which consist of some errors in class words (part of speech), for example in determiner/article (22 data or 61.11 %), verb (11 data or 30.56 %), preposition (2 data or 5.56 %), and noun (1 data or 2.78 %). There were 21 data or 29.58 % in the punctuation aspect, and in the spelling aspect, there are 14 data or 19.72 %. The most dominant type of errors found in IJEBAR is the aspect of grammar, as 36 data or 50.70%. Errors can be caused by a lack of language skills such as the learner's lack of knowledge of the target language's correct rules or an error in translating using specific translation tools. Therefore, in writing English abstract well and correctly, it should follow the language (English) rule, which refers to the correct grammatical, punctuation, and spelling aspect.
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Aksoy, Berrin. "Aspects of Textuality in Translating a History Book from Turkish into English." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 47, no. 3 (December 31, 2001): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.47.3.02aks.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract History texts are regarded as a type of narrative whose existence is related to its textuality. Since a text is a linguistic unity possessing seven characteristics defined by De Beaugrande and Dressler, this aspect of historical texts should be taken into consideration in the translation. Thus, a textual and contextual approach to the text to be translated should be adopted by the translator in the process of translation. Also, the storylike narrative quality, the historian’s subjectivity and his linguistic preferences should not be neglected. Another challenging issue in the translation of history texts is the transfer of realia. “Realia” which means cultural, ethnic or religious terms and objects can be expressed in the other language by means of several methods such as grouping them a) thematically, b) temporally, c) geographically and than using the translation methods such as transcription, substitution and neologisms or approximate translation according to the characteristic and the importance of the realia. Résumé Les textes historiques sont un type de narration, dont l’existence est liée à leur textualité. Comme un texte est une unité linguistique possédant sept caractéristiques définies par De Beaugrande et Dressler, cet aspect des textes historiques devrait être considéré lors de la traduction. Dès lors,une approche contextuelle et textuelle du texte à traduire doit être adoptée par le traducteur lors du processus de traduction. De même, l’istoire vue comme narration de qualité, la subjectivité de l’istorien et ses préférences linguistiques ne sont pas à négliger. Un autre point problématique dans la traduction de textes historiques concerne le transfert des “realia” Les realia ont les termes et les objets culturels, ethniques ou religieux qui peuvent se traduire dans une autre langue au moyen de diverses méthodes tel le groupage (a) thématique, (b) temporel, (c) géographique, et puis en utilisant les méthodes de traduction comme la transcription, la substitution et les néologismes ou une traduction approximative selon la caractéristique et l’importance des “realia”.
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Barciński, Łukasz. "Hipergeneryczne spektrum Tęczy grawitacji Thomasa Pynchona w przekładzie na język polski." Przekładaniec, no. 40 (2020): 240–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/16891864pc.20.011.13174.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Hypergeneric Spectrum of Gravity’s Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon in Polish Translation The study deals with the issue of genre in translation with reference to the Polish rendition of Gravity’s Rainbow by Thomas Pynchon. Upon analysing the hypergeneric and heteroglottic aspect of the novel, by enumerating the possible classifications of the novel’s genre and facets of language variety, the study offers a new perspective on genre classification from the vantage point of Jacques Derrida’s philosophy, namely by the introduction of the term quasi-transcendental as the name of a superordinate genre, which could include not only Pynchon’s but also Derrida’s works. The recreation of a genre defined in this way in the act of translation consists in determining the pivotal elements in the text, which activate the process of signification concerning chains of binarities in Gravity’s Rainbow, i.e. the motifs of “interface” and “linearity” (related to the motif of “fold”, which could also become a diagrammatic model for the whole quasi-transcendental genre). Finally, the study offers conclusions as to the theory and practice of translation of higher-order genres such as the one posited herein.
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Gallo, L. M., G. Chiaravalloti, L. R. Iwasaki, J. C. Nickel, and S. Palla. "Mechanical Work during Stress-field Translation in the Human TMJ." Journal of Dental Research 85, no. 11 (November 2006): 1006–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910608501106.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The pathomechanics of degenerative joint disease of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may involve fatigue produced by mechanical work on the articulating tissues. This study tested the hypotheses that mechanical work in the TMJ (i) varies with the type of mandibular activity, and (ii) is evenly distributed over TMJ surfaces. Ten healthy human participants were recorded with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and jaw tracking. The data were used to reconstruct and animate TMJ activity. Aspect ratios, instantaneous velocities, and distances of stress-fields translation were used to calculate work (mJ). The results were analyzed by least-squares polynomial regression and ANOVA. Work magnitudes were related to peak velocity (R2 = 0.92) and distance of stress-field translation (R2 = 0.83), and were distributed over the joint surfaces (p < 0.03). During mandibular laterotrusion, average mechanical work was 1.5 times greater in the contralateral joint. Peak magnitudes of work (> 3000 mJ) were 4 times that previously reported.
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Alwiyah, Sayyidah Achmadah, and Nanang Bustanul Fauzi. "ANALISIS ASPEK LINGUAL MANTRA KESELAMETAN PANOLAK SANGKIL (Kajian Etnolinguistik)." Hasta Wiyata 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.hastawiyata.2022.005.01.05.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study examines the mantra used by the people of Dukuan Hamlet, Metatu Village, Benjeng District, Gresik Regency when doing a safar (trip). The Panolak Sangkil Safety Mantra is used by the surrounding community to fortify themselves from disturbance by supernatural beings, evil spirits and spirits during the trip. This study uses an ethnolinguistic approach and interviews and documentation. The research data is provided by the method of observing, recording, and recording and presenting the data with data reduction, translation, validation, analysis, and interpretation. The results of research on the lingual aspect of the mantra found (1) repetition consisting of grammatical, lexical and semantic repetition patterns, (2) semantic decomposition, (3) saroja words, (4) metaphors, (5) mention of mythological figures, and ( 6) mention of god. From the analysis, it is found that the language aspect of the mantra is related to the culture of the Gresik people.
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Salehipour, Mehrnoush, and Naeimeh Tabatabaei Lotfi. "From Poem to Painting: An Aspect of Intersemiotic Translation, a Case Study of Rustum and Sohrab Story." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 10 (October 1, 2016): 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0610.17.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this study is to identify the similarities and differences of Teahouse painting of Rustum and Sohrab, based on Shahnameh and its poem utilizing intersemiotic approach. The corpus of this investigation is the Rustum and Sohrab painting by Mansour Vafaei and the translated version of it by Mathew Arnold. The triadic model of Peirce and actantial model of Greimas are employed in this research as the major theoretical frameworks, in order to analyze the signs and specify their related representamens, objects and interpretations that would direct the audience to desired signification. This intersemiotic research intends to bridge the gaps of literature and translation, in the process of interference of meaning through media of painting and poetry. The researcher attempts to accomplish a new insight by examining the intricate techniques of Persian traditional Teahouse painting codes and exploring the possible significations of the signs of the Rustum and Sohrab story.
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Anna Sarapuk. "Réflexions sur la traduction du jeu vidéo en tant que nouveau média de représentation littéraire." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 25, no. 46 (December 5, 2019): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.25.2019.46.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reflections on Video Games Translation as a Literary Representation in the New Media
Large-scale development of video games can be considered as a somewhat new phenomena, even though video games have been gaining more and more adepts during the last few decades. Since the very beginning, videogames have sought for inspiration in literature, with games such as “The Hobbit” released in 1986 on Amstrad CPC. Back then, it was a raw media that didn’t offer much possibilities to the players as well as to the developers. Today, millions of people – not to say billions – play videogames in the entire world. Technologies related to videogames development are more and more complex. Now, the player doesn’t only have to complete simple objectives like with arcade cabinets back in the 1970’s. He can control complex characters and have them evolve in rich environments. Videogame universes are often based on literature, and thus become a representation of literature that has to consider every aspect of the works it interprets: graphisms (sets and characters), music, gameplay, but also language, the main area of interest for translators. We look into the games ABC Murders and The Witcher III in order to examine different aspects of books transcribed in videogames and their inter-semiotic and interlingual translation.
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Ramirez, M., R. C. Wek, C. R. Vazquez de Aldana, B. M. Jackson, B. Freeman, and A. G. Hinnebusch. "Mutations activating the yeast eIF-2 alpha kinase GCN2: isolation of alleles altering the domain related to histidyl-tRNA synthetases." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 12 (December 1992): 5801–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.12.5801.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The protein kinase GCN2 stimulates expression of the yeast transcriptional activator GCN4 at the translational level by phosphorylating the alpha subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2 alpha) in amino acid-starved cells. Phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha reduces its activity, allowing ribosomes to bypass short open reading frames present in the GCN4 mRNA leader and initiate translation at the GCN4 start codon. We describe here 17 dominant GCN2 mutations that lead to derepression of GCN4 expression in the absence of amino acid starvation. Seven of these GCN2c alleles map in the protein kinase moiety, and two in this group alter the presumed ATP-binding domain, suggesting that ATP binding is a regulated aspect of GCN2 function. Six GCN2c alleles map in a region related to histidyl-tRNA synthetases, and two in this group alter a sequence motif conserved among class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that directly interacts with the acceptor stem of tRNA. These results support the idea that GCN2 kinase function is activated under starvation conditions by binding uncharged tRNA to the domain related to histidyl-tRNA synthetase. The remaining GCN2c alleles map at the extreme C terminus, a domain required for ribosome association of the protein. Representative mutations in each domain were shown to depend on the phosphorylation site in eIF-2 alpha for their effects on GCN4 expression and to increase the level of eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation in the absence of amino acid starvation. Synthetic GCN2c double mutations show greater derepression of GCN4 expression than the parental single mutations, and they have a slow-growth phenotype that we attribute to inhibition of general translation initiation. The phenotypes of the GCN2c alleles are dependent on GCN1 and GCN3, indicating that these two positive regulators of GCN4 expression mediate the inhibitory effects on translation initiation associated with activation of the yeast eIF-2 alpha kinase GCN2.
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Ramirez, M., R. C. Wek, C. R. Vazquez de Aldana, B. M. Jackson, B. Freeman, and A. G. Hinnebusch. "Mutations activating the yeast eIF-2 alpha kinase GCN2: isolation of alleles altering the domain related to histidyl-tRNA synthetases." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 12 (December 1992): 5801–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.12.5801-5815.1992.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The protein kinase GCN2 stimulates expression of the yeast transcriptional activator GCN4 at the translational level by phosphorylating the alpha subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2 alpha) in amino acid-starved cells. Phosphorylation of eIF-2 alpha reduces its activity, allowing ribosomes to bypass short open reading frames present in the GCN4 mRNA leader and initiate translation at the GCN4 start codon. We describe here 17 dominant GCN2 mutations that lead to derepression of GCN4 expression in the absence of amino acid starvation. Seven of these GCN2c alleles map in the protein kinase moiety, and two in this group alter the presumed ATP-binding domain, suggesting that ATP binding is a regulated aspect of GCN2 function. Six GCN2c alleles map in a region related to histidyl-tRNA synthetases, and two in this group alter a sequence motif conserved among class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that directly interacts with the acceptor stem of tRNA. These results support the idea that GCN2 kinase function is activated under starvation conditions by binding uncharged tRNA to the domain related to histidyl-tRNA synthetase. The remaining GCN2c alleles map at the extreme C terminus, a domain required for ribosome association of the protein. Representative mutations in each domain were shown to depend on the phosphorylation site in eIF-2 alpha for their effects on GCN4 expression and to increase the level of eIF-2 alpha phosphorylation in the absence of amino acid starvation. Synthetic GCN2c double mutations show greater derepression of GCN4 expression than the parental single mutations, and they have a slow-growth phenotype that we attribute to inhibition of general translation initiation. The phenotypes of the GCN2c alleles are dependent on GCN1 and GCN3, indicating that these two positive regulators of GCN4 expression mediate the inhibitory effects on translation initiation associated with activation of the yeast eIF-2 alpha kinase GCN2.
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Kordić, Ljubica, Željko Rišner, and Dubravka Papa. "New Media in Formal and Non-formal Higher Education in Social Sciences." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (March 2, 2018): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i1.p109-116.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IT-era has changed not only the notion of intercultural communication worldwide, but also every aspect of human reality. In this paper, the authors present the application of electronic media in formal and non-formal education in Croatian higher education institutions on the example of the Faculty of Law, University of Osijek. Special attention is paid to specific computer programmes, language databases and tools for machine translation and machine-assisted translation used in the teaching process within the Lifelong Learning Programme for Lawyer-Linguists as a new type of non-formal interdisciplinary education delivered at that faculty. In the introductory part, the authors discuss the role of new media in formal higher education and present results of a questionnaire conducted among teaching staff of the Faculty of Law Osijek related to application of the Internet and other new IT-media in specific courses. The main part of the paper is focused on the analysis of the course Online Translation Tools and EU Vocabulary, carried out within the Lifelong Learning Programme for Lawyer-Linguists. Teaching contents of that course are delivered by using computer technology (translation tools and databases accessible online), which serves as a medium for teaching translation. Simultaneously, instructing students in proper and skilful usage of those media represents the principal goal of that course. In the concluding part, the authors try to determine the role of new media and IT in formal and non-formal types of tertiary education in the future.
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Borodo, Michał. "Exploring the Links Between Comics Translation and AVT." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 8, no. 2 (November 22, 2016): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9xk9x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For a very young but steadily developing subfield of Translation Studies such as the translation of comics it seems only natural to look to other research areas within the discipline for inspiration and research methods. This is also one of the aims of the present article, which will attempt to point to certain similarities between comics translation and the subdiscipline of Translation Studies known as AVT (Audiovisual Translation) and the field of subtitling in particular. Both films and comic books are multimodal texts based on the interplay between the verbal and the visual. What is more, both films and comic books are primarily based on dialogue, which is nevertheless transcribed and communicated in writing in both subtitled films and translated comics. Text will, in both cases, usually appear in clearly specified areas, that is at the bottom of the screen (with some exceptions) in subtitled films, and in speech balloons (with some exceptions) in the case of comics. Furthermore, text may be condensed due to the existence of spatial and technical constraints, such as the limited number of characters that may appear at the bottom of the screen or the size of speech balloons and the type of the lettering employed in the case of comics. It is particularly the latter aspect, that is textual condensation related to both spatial constraints and the multimodal character of comics, that the article will focus on, investigating the first Polish translations of Calvin and Hobbes comic strips created by the American cartoonist Bill Watterson.
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Paev, Kostadin. "A New Study on the South Slavic Legal Literature." Balkanistic Forum 30, no. 3 (October 5, 2021): 459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v30i3.30.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The edition ‘Prochiron / Urban Law’ by Prof. Mariana Tsibranska-Kostova is a study of a medieval legal monument related to the history of Bulgarian law. The research is based on the wide-approach and methodology, interpreting the considered matter in philological, legal and historical aspect. The author traces the history of the monument, the research about it and gives his interpretation of the topic. The Slavic text of Prochiron and a translation into modern Bulgarian were published as appendices. The study can be assessed as the most significant for the last decades in this scientific field.
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Abdul Rahman, Mohamad Syukri, та Haji Mohammad Seman. "THE TRANSLATION OF AL-’ISTICĀRAH AL-TAMTHīLIYYAH IN THE ’AḤADīTH OF RASULULLAH S.A.W". International Research Journal of Shariah, Muamalat and Islam 3, № 8 (1 вересня 2021): 01–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/irjsmi.38001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The translation is a process of copying information contained in the source text into the recipient's source as description, interpretation, and explanation. The field of translation has undergone a drastic process of modernization in line with the development of science and technology. Studies related to the translation of hadith are still insufficient. Furthermore, the development of language is constantly changing according to current changes and society's need for hadith which is becoming more prominent due to the increasing religious awareness. In addition, the position of the hadith of the Prophet SAW, which is jawamic al-kalim has a special and distinctive language feature that requires expertise in the translation of its meaning. This study will attempt to analyze the translation of al-’Isticārah al-Tamthīliyyah in some selected hadiths from the book Riyāḍ al- Ṣāliḥīn by using the method of textual study. Among the purpose of the analysis is to take a closer look at the translation methodology of al-’Isticārah al-Tamthīliyyah used by the translator of the book Riyāḍ al- Ṣāliḥīn published by JAKIM. The findings of this study can be concluded that the translator translates the content of the hadiths studied based on the text outwardly without emphasizing the metaphorical aspect of al-’Isticārah al-Tamthīliyyah and the purpose of the parable is made. It can be categorized as a literal translation. In this case, the author believes that the translation of al-’Isticārah al-Tamthīliyyah of the source language to the target language, especially Arabic to Malay necessary to explain the meaning of the balaghah to explain the purpose of the parable is made so that the readers of the translation be able to understand the implied meaning clearly. The explanation can be used as a footnote on each relevant translation. In addition, the translator's understanding of the elements of metaphor in the original culture is an important factor in producing a quality translation. It is hoped that the findings of this study will contribute to the development of hadith translation in Malaysia and help readers of the translation of the book Riyāḍ al-Ṣāliḥīn in understanding the meaning of hadith clearly.
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Tsarcova, Vera B. "INTERPRETATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES EDUCATION: PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT." Educational Psychology in Polycultural Space 54, no. 2 (2021): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2073-8439-2021-54-2-121-129.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article is devoted to one of the problems of foreign language education – the definition of the role of interpretation in preparing students of special (language) directions to participate in the dialogue of cultures. Interpretation is considered as a phenomenon and as a way of comprehending reality, which allows the subjects of the dialogue of cultures to reach mutual understanding. The main characteristic of interpretation, which is necessary for the purposes of foreign language education, is its psychological character. It is determined by the psychology of the author, the psychology of the work, as well as the psychology of the reader-interpreter. It is proved that the interpretation of a work of art, which has universal, historical and personal plans, has huge epistemological and axiological possibilities. They activate the entire educational potential of interperetation (educational, developmental, cognitive, and educational). Russian Russian poet A. A. Fet (1820–1892) uses the poem “Wir saßen am Fischerhaus” by the famous German poet and publicist Heinrich Hein (1797–1856) and the translation of this poem into Russian to illustrate the interpretation technology. The poem is considered as a space of personal meanings of the author. They are the ones that are subject to interpretation and bring the reader-interpreter back from the poet's world to the modern real world. And the real world is full of unexpected cultural facts, closely related to the content of the work of G. Heine, with distant Lapland and the life of modern lapps. Thus, interpretation is presented as an educational strategy. Together with the strategies of contextualization, philologization and argumentation, it ensures the achievement of the main goal of foreign language education – the creation of an individual who can act as a genuine subject of the dialogue of cultures. The article also emphasizes the importance of the teacher as the organizer of the educational process and the subject of the dialogue of cultures.
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Handayani, Wahyuni, Wawan Setiawan, P. Sinaga, and Andi Suhandi. "KESULITAN MAHASISWA CALON GURU FISIKA DALAM MEREPRESENTASIKAN KONSEP LISTRIK MAGNET." Journal of Teaching and Learning Physics 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/jotalp.v2i2.6581.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Communication in science is multimodal (verbal and visual). Representation skills are one of the communication skills in science. A physics teacher is required to have representation skills so that the students more easily to acsess the concept that they have to lean and the teacher communicate physics concepts more easily to his students. This study examines the representation skills of preservice physics teacher. Three aspects of representation skills, that examined are: 1) the skill of making a single mode representation, 2) the skills of translation between representation modes and 3) multi-representation skills. The instrument used to measure representation skills has been validated and used to measure representation skills of preservice physics teacher in Listrik-Magnet courses. The results showed that the preservive physics student have difficulty in making all of the aspect of representation. It is occured because there has never been learning related to representation or assessment skills that specifically test their representation skills
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Burazer, Lara. "Examining the Differences in Assessing Quality of Translations and Acceptability of Texts." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 10, no. 2 (May 9, 2013): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.10.2.127-137.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main focus of modern Translation Studies seems to be the ever changing challenges of successful cross–cultural communication. With globalisation of society, limitations in mutual understanding are surfacing, which are usually followed by the communicator’s failure to meet the other party’s expectations. Such expectations are not only linguistically, but culturally embedded and might prove difficult to grasp for those who are not closely connected to the particular culture. Mastering linguistic abilities is an inevitable requirement and represents an important aspect of cross–cultural communication, but achieving a high level of acceptability of (translated) texts proves to be just as important, while not always directly related to the traditional linguistic aspects of the text. It requires meeting the expectations of the target audience which exceed the scope of grammar and vocabulary. Prior cultural and discoursal experience with relevant texts proves to play an important role in producing translations which meet the target audience’s expectations in terms of linguistic, but more importantly in terms of discoursal characteristics.
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Adelhöfer, Nico, Ann-Kathrin Stock, and Christian Beste. "Anodal tDCS modulates specific processing codes during conflict monitoring associated with superior and middle frontal cortices." Brain Structure and Function 226, no. 4 (March 3, 2021): 1335–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00429-021-02245-4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractConflict monitoring processes are central for cognitive control. Neurophysiological correlates of conflict monitoring (i.e. the N2 ERP) likely represent a mixture of different cognitive processes. Based on theoretical considerations, we hypothesized that effects of anodal tDCS (atDCS) in superior frontal areas affect specific subprocesses in neurophysiological activity during conflict monitoring. To investigate this, young healthy adults performed a Simon task while EEG was recorded. atDCS and sham tDCS were applied in a single-blind, cross-over study design. Using temporal signal decomposition in combination with source localization analyses, we demonstrated that atDCS effects on cognitive control are very specific: the detrimental effect of atDCS on response speed was largest in case of response conflicts. This however only showed in aspects of the decomposed N2 component, reflecting stimulus–response translation processes. In contrast to this, stimulus-related aspects of the N2 as well as purely response-related processes were not modulated by atDCS. EEG source localization analyses revealed that the effect was likely driven by activity modulations in the superior frontal areas, including the supplementary motor cortex (BA6), as well as middle frontal (BA9) and medial frontal areas (BA32). atDCS did not modulate effects of proprioceptive information on hand position, even though this aspect is known to be processed within the same brain areas. Physiological effects of atDCS likely modulate specific aspects of information processing during cognitive control.
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Khukhuni, Georgy T., Irina I. Valuitseva, and Anna A. Osipova. "Cultural Words in Sacral Text and their Translation: Linguistic and Extra-Linguistic Factors." Russian Journal of Linguistics 23, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 487–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9182-2019-23-2-487-508.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this article is to study the issue of key features of the so-called cultural words (realia) in sacred texts (the Bible is taken as an example) as well as a distinctive nature of their cross-language transfer. This problem is essential not only for the Bible translation as such but it also enables to clarify some aspects related to the representation of the vocabulary with cultural identity in the target language that is explained by the very nature of the Old and New Testaments containing a wide variety of the realia that refer directly to a religious cult and to the everyday life of Palestinian people and their neighborhood in the Bible times. The material for the present research includes versions of the Holy Writ created in different periods in a number of languages (Latin, Church Slavonic, Russian and English). While analyzing, the classical translations labelled often as “national” ones have been used (the King James Bible, Synodal Translation), as well and the versions created in the 20th and 21st centuries. The main approach applied herein is the identifying of the corresponding units in the said Bible texts, the ascertainment of the possibility of their ambivalent interpretation, the correlation within the considered versions of translation, the determination of translation strategies used for representing the realia and their comparative analysis. When considering the options presented, special attention has been paid to extra-linguistic factors, since they often play a decisive role in solving the said task. The key results of the made survey can be formulated as follows: 1) since translations could have been made from different versions of the source text, there are cases when certain realia are available in some translations but are missing in others; 2) the use of transcription / transliteration of the realia in Russian versions of the Old Testament in some cases is determined by their representation in the Greek and Church Slavonic texts of the Bible and therefore in both the Synodal and the new translations they can be presented in a form different from that available in European languages; 3) the representation of the Greek word diopetês ( fallen from heaven ) as the proper name Diopet in the Synodal Translation is usually qualified as an elementary mistake, but it could have been also provoked by an intention to follow Greek and Church Slavonic traditions; 4) the existence of the so-called ‘undefined realia’ in the source text, an exact meaning of which is not known, causes their various interpretations in the target language; 5) during the analysis of the units of the target language used in the translation of the Holy Writ, the diachronic aspect must be taken into account considering, on the one hand, the possibility of losing or changing the meaning in the course of linguistic evolution, and on the other hand, avoiding vesting the reality with the meaning that it could not have; 6) a number of translations made in recent decades are characterized by a pronounced pragmatic orientation, in some cases causing a significant neutralization of the national-cultural specificity or its adaptation to the corresponding cultural environment, the degree of admissibility of which in some cases is controversial. The above items enable to clarify a number of aspects related to the methods of translating the realia and the importance of such aspects for attaining the translation adequacy.
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Yılmaz Gümüş, Volga. "Training Translators for the Market in Turkey: What Should We Teach to Future Translators?" International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.5n.1p.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study investigates the position of the translation market in translator-training and curriculum-design practices in Turkey from the perspective of various stakeholders, mainly the graduates of translator-training programs at the undergraduate level. The role of the market in curricular design and education practices in higher education has been at the core of discussions in education, specifically for disciplines that have a vocational aspect. The discussions are mostly based on theoretical grounds. This study derives from the need for empirical research on what the market expects from translators and how training programs meet these expectations. This study first presents data from a survey and interviews with graduates of translator-training programs, as this group of stakeholders is familiar with both training and market practices (supposing that they are employed professionally on the market after graduation). The initial findings obtained from the graduates were supported with interview findings from other stakeholders. The point of departure in this study was that translator training and the translation market – as two parties to translation service provision – should be in close interaction in order to improve the quality of training in higher-education institutions and the quality of translations on the market. In the present study, almost all the stakeholders agreed that there is a need for greater interaction between training and the market, and that the elements that prepare students for the market should find a place in the translation curricula. However, the results suggest that there is a need to handle the efforts to solve the problems related to training and the profession with the involvement of various stakeholders in a more systematized way. Furthermore, it is desirable to integrate market-training elements into training practices rather than offer them only in individual courses – including translation technologies and professional work procedures and ethics.
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Ivanova, S. A., and Yu V. Abdrashitova. "COMPOUND ADJECTIVES IN ENGLISH-LANGUAGE AND GERMAN-LANGUAGE WRITTEN MASS MEDIA TEXTS: LINGUISTIC AND TRANSLATION ASPECT." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 30, no. 2 (May 7, 2020): 270–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2020-30-2-270-281.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Compounds have been investigated in linguistics for quite a long time now (approximately since the middle of the XX century), and there are numerous papers researching different aspects of this linguistic phenomenon today. This fact alone testifies to the complex and ambiguous nature of compounds. This article dwells upon one particular problem in this spectrum: it investigates compound adjectives in English- and German-language media texts and their translation into Russian. The first part raises basic theoretical problems related to compounds: the choice of terminology, the essence of the concept itself and the criteria used for compounds. The analysis is based on the works by prominent Russian and foreign researches, such as N. V. Arzhantseva, I. V. Arnold, O. Jespersen, E. A. Nida, A. I. Smirnitsky, R. Quirk. The second part systematises functions and stylistic features of compounds based on the previous theoretical research, with nomination, pursuing economy principle and expressing emotions and evaluation among them. It also deals with frequency of realization of the above-mentioned functions in contemporary written media texts. We analysed English- and German-language articles from different online magazines that were translated into Russian by http://inosmi.ru/, described the translations of compound adjectives used, with their stylistic properties. It is noteworthy that no research works on translating compounds with regard to these features has been conducted yet. In this section, we analysed the choice of equivalents, concentrating on the preservation of stylistic and functional properties of the original units, which brought us to conclusions about the problems translators face when working with compounds. It also enabled us to speculate on possible ways of handling these problems.
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DeFranco, Christopher, Marina E. Chicurel, and Huntington Potter. "A General RNA-Binding Protein Complex That Includes the Cytoskeleton-associated Protein MAP 1A." Molecular Biology of the Cell 9, no. 7 (July 1998): 1695–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.9.7.1695.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Association of mRNA with the cytoskeleton represents a fundamental aspect of RNA physiology likely involved in mRNA transport, anchoring, translation, and turnover. We report the initial characterization of a protein complex that binds RNA in a sequence-independent but size-dependent manner in vitro. The complex includes a ∼160-kDa protein that is bound directly to mRNA and that appears to be either identical or highly related to a ∼1600-kDa protein that binds directly to mRNA in vivo. In addition, the microtubule-associated protein, MAP 1A, a cytoskeletal associated protein is a component of this complex. We suggest that the general attachment of mRNA to the cytoskeleton may be mediated, in part, through the formation of this ribonucleoprotein complex.
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Terblanche, J. E., and R. F. Terblanche. "Ezra Pound’s orientalist poetry, natural rootedness, and Lepidoptera." Literator 23, no. 3 (August 6, 2002): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v23i3.345.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article, we focus on the outward purpose (Umberto Eco) and natural rootedness of Ezra Pound’s translation of Li Tai Po’s “The River Merchant’s Wife: a Letter.” Natural rootedness – a sign actively conditioned by and into a dynamic ecosystem – is a central aspect of Taoist poetics and modernist orientalism (Gary Snyder). We follow the outward purpose of the sign, in further exploration of a zone of between-ness: between the opposites of culture and nature (William Howarth). In particular, we focus on the butterfly image in this poem. An interdisciplinary, ecosemiotic reading is made of this image within its poetic and natural context. We argue that this image is related to actual (ecological and evolutionary) butterfly colouration and behaviour in the (Chinese) ecosystem. Although no historical evidence of either Pound’s or Li Po’s interest in butterflies exists as far as could be determined, the middle ground between English and Chinese that Pound occupies (Eric Hayot) in this translation, could partially explain the interlevel correspondence between this image and actual butterfly behaviour. The article demonstrates that the image ties in well with an autumnal orpimentation or “enyellowment” of butterflies, as well as their sexual behaviour. It concludes that the significance of the sign is enhanced by its outward purpose towards and interpenetration with and within active nature, culminating in this central natural image in this important and creative poetic translation by Pound.
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Wadha Ahmad Mossad Al-Wargash, Wadha Ahmad Mossad Al-Wargash. "Responses of Al-Zamlkani Died in 651 Hijri in his book " Ghayat Al muhassal fi sharh Al mofassal" to Al-Zamakhshari and Abn-Al Hajeb in the names section: presentation and study: رُدُودُ الزَّمْلَكَاني المُتَوَفَى 651هـ في كِتَابِه "غَاية المُحَصَّلِ في شَرْحِ المُفَصَّل" على الزَّمَخْشري وابن الحاجب في قسم الأسماء: عَرْضٌ ودِرَاسَةٌ". المجلة العربية للعلوم و نشر الأبحاث 7, № 2 (29 червня 2021): 96–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.w140121.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research aimed to identify some of Al-Zamlkani's responses and evaluate them according to the experts of linguistics using the descriptive and analytical method. This was achieved with a presentation of a brief translation of Al-Zamlkani; as the research centered on collecting the scholar's responses in his explanation in the nouns' chapters and his genres and grammatical aspects in more than one chapter. This includes a response to an Absolute Had (limit) that needed a restriction, or certain expressions that confuse the scholar; thus, where incorrectly studied. As for his response to Ibn al-Hajib in the chapter related to his personal perspectives presented in this explanation, he opposed him on the one aspect; while defended what Al-Zamakhshari mentioned about some of them in other chapters. These issues were presented in two topics: The first was Al-Zamlkani's responses to Al-Zamakhshari and Ibn al-Hajib in the nouns' categories; while the second was Al-Zamlkani's responses to al-Zamakhshari and Ibn al-Hajib in the aspects of noun parsing. The most important results demonstrated by the research were that Al-Zamlkani was seeking to facilitate the language and clarify the grammatical issues; as his responses varied when discussing Al-Zamakhshari; including a response to an Absolute Had that required restriction or expressions that confuse the scholar; thus, where incorrectly studied. Al-Zamlkani also dealt with chapters of certain grammatical aspects; where his responses showed reliance on the logical aspect and philosophical thought at times and on his sheik and teacher Ibn al-Hajib’s belief at other times by quoting what was explicitly or implicitly mentioned. The lack of interpretation and clarification in some of Al-Zamakhshari's phrases is a reason for the confusion that does not have a meaning for the scholars, including Al-Zamlkani.
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Britto-Kido, Suzana de Aragão, José Ribamar Costa Ferreira Neto, Valesca Pandolfi, Francismar Corrêa Marcelino-Guimarães, Alexandre Lima Nepomuceno, Ricardo Vilela Abdelnoor, Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon, and Ederson Akio Kido. "Natural Antisense Transcripts in Plants: A Review and Identification in Soybean Infected withPhakopsora pachyrhiziSuperSAGE Library." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/219798.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Natural antisense ranscripts (NAT) are RNA molecules complementary to other endogenous RNAs. They are capable of regulating the expression of target genes at different levels (transcription, mRNA stability, translation, etc.). Such a property makes them ideal for interventions in organisms' metabolism. The present study reviewed plant NAT aspects, including features, availability and genesis, conservation and distribution, coding capacity, NAT pair expression, and functions. Besides, anin silicoidentification of NATs pairs was presented, using deepSuperSAGE libraries of soybean infected or not withPhakopsora pachyrhizi. Results showed that around 1/3 of the 77,903 predictedtrans-NATs (by PlantsNATsDB database) detected had unitags mapped in both sequences of each pair. The same 1/3 of the 436 foreseencis-NATs showed unitags anchored in both sequences of the related pairs. For those unitags mapped in NAT pairs, a modulation expression was assigned as upregulated, downregulated, or constitutive, based on the statistical analysis (P<0.05). As a result, the infected treatment promoted the expression of 2,313trans-NATs pairs comprising unitags exclusively from that library (1,326 pairs had unitags only found in the mock library). To understand the regulation of these NAT pairs could be a key aspect in the ASR plant response.