Статті в журналах: "Trans-Himalaya"

1

Jain, Arvind K. "Continental subduction in the NW-Himalaya and Trans-Himalaya." Italian Journal of Geosciences 136, no. 1 (February 2017): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3301/ijg.2015.43.

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2

Bahali, D., M. Sanjappa, and S. Rath. "Geographical distribution of Iridaceae in India." Indian Journal of Forestry 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2004): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2004-4hx573.

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India is represented by only 34 species and 5 varieties under 14 genera of Iridaceae. The wild and naturalised species are distributed in 5 phytogeographical regions, viz., Trans-Himalaya, West Himalaya, Eastern Himalaya, North East India and Western Ghats. The wild species are restricted to the Himalayas. The regionwise, taxonwise and altitudewise distribution of Indian Iridaceae is given in this paper.

3

Mishra, Asheesh Shivam, Prakash Nautiyal, and Vijay Prakash Semwal. "Distributional Patterns of Benthic Macro-invertebrate Fauna in the Glacier Fed Rivers of Indian Himalaya." Our Nature 11, no. 1 (June 24, 2013): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v11i1.8242.

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Large-scale distributional pattern for the benthic macro-invertebrate fauna was determined in the glacier fed Himalayan and Trans-Himalayan rivers and streams of India at the elevation range of 2000-3000 m asl. In Trans-Himalaya the family Heptageniidae (Ephemeroptera) alone (Chandra and Bhaga) or in combination with Chironomidae (Diptera) in similar proportions (Chenab) or Diptera alone (Miyar) dominated the assemblages. Its influence seems to extend to Rupin drainage in the Himalaya where Chironomidae alone dominated the assemblages. Except for this Himalayan river. Various families of Trichoptera attained highest abundance in other rivers of the Himalaya. Thus, Leptoceridae in combination with Limnephilidae (Alaknanada at Tapovan) and Heptageniidae and Baetidae (Alaknanada at Mana) is the only instance of similarity in abundant taxa by virtue of same river. The Mandakini was partially similar to Alaknanda by virtue of abundant Limnephilidae. The Bhagirathi was characterized by abundance of Philopotamidae. Thus, assemblages exhibit greater variability in the Himalayan rivers than Trans-Himalayan rivers and are hence entirely different, as also evident from the cluster analysis. This present hypothesis is not applicable to explain the macro-invertebrate assemblages in Himalayan and Trans-Himalayan region.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v11i1.8242 Our Nature Vol.11(1) 2013: 36-44

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Namgail, Tsewang, Joseph L. Fox, and Yash Veer Bhatnagar. "Carnivore-Caused Livestock Mortality in Trans-Himalaya." Environmental Management 39, no. 4 (February 9, 2007): 490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-005-0178-2.

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5

Peters, Madhavi, and Zahid Hussain Khan. "Incorporating Islamic Environmentalism in Approaches to Conservation in the Trans-Himalaya." Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2024): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.070102.

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Conservationists increasingly acknowledge the value of co-productive conservation efforts that incorporate the Indigenous perspective. In the Trans-Himalayan context, they have begun to incorporate the Buddhist perspective in recent interventions; yet, there is an omission of Islamic environmentalism in these conversations. This omission is even more glaring when one considers that Muslims make up a significant percentage of the Indigenous population of the Trans-Himalaya. A review of the literature reveals a considerable body of Islamic scholarship on sustainable resource management in extremely harsh climates. In fact, co-productive conservation efforts in collaboration with local Muslim communities elsewhere in the world have been very impactful. While scholarship on the history of Islam in the Trans-Himalaya is limited, historians agree that, rather than being forced upon a passive Indigenous population, the widespread adoption of Islam was an active choice by a population that had plenty of exposure to different ideas and belief systems via trade. Supplementing these findings with qualitative research at the grassroots level among the Dard-Shin Scheduled Tribe in the Trans-Himalaya, the authors find further evidence of the syncretic blending of Indigenous and Islamic beliefs, deployed in service of effective natural resource management. It is, thus, proposed that future conservation efforts in this region would be well advised to adopt a more expansive approach to the Indigenous perspective.

6

Murton, Galen. "Himalayan Highways: STS, the Spatial Fix, and Socio-Cultural Shifts in the Land of Zomia." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 12, no. 5-6 (2013): 609–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341278.

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Abstract As China and India build modern highways through the Tibet-Nepal borderlands, traditional livelihoods, land use patterns, and trade relations are rapidly changing for numerous highland communities across the Trans-Himalaya interface. In response to recently opened border crossings, various social and market networks have (re)emerged, transforming the parameters of mobility for the populations of High Asia. New roads are critical to these transformations. Merging Science and Technology Studies (STS) and Marxist analytics to unpack the “black-box” of roads, this study asks two main questions: what are the factors at play in this socio-cultural and geopolitical transition in the Trans-Himalaya borderlands, and how can roads be thought of as technological objects central to this dynamic? After situating the study in the conceptual framework of Zomia, I then draw on Actor Network Theory (ANT), co-production, and the spatial fix to analyze two contemporary trans-border road development projects in Sikkim, India and Mustang, Nepal.

7

AHMED, Tanveer, Afifullah KHAN, and Pankaj CHANDAN. "Photographic Key for the Microhistological Identification of Some Plants of Indian Trans-Himalaya." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 7, no. 2 (June 21, 2015): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb729495.

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Microhistology techniques have been used in many studies regarding food habits of herbivores. The absence of detailed reference materials and time consumed in creating reference plant materials for a particular study species and area hampers an understanding and extensive use of the technique. On the other hand, the use of direct sighting procedure of animals to study the dietary spectrum of herbivores is interrupted by tough terrain and harsh climatic condition in the Trans-Himalaya. The current study provides a photographic key for identification of 38 plants species belonging to 35 genera and 21 families. Structures such as types of stomata, trichomes and epidermal cells are discussed for different species of plants collected from Kargil, Ladakh. The given information is expected to help researchers working on feeding ecology of mammals in the Indian Trans-Himalaya.

8

Poudel, Tikaram. "Book Review: The Politics of Language Contact in the Himalaya." Journal of Education and Research 10, no. 2 (November 6, 2020): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jer.v10i2.32724.

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The arguments of The Politics of Language Contact in the Himalaya are grounded in the multidisciplinary nature of area studies i.e., linguistics, political science, anthropology and geography. Focusing on the area study of the trans-border region of the Himalaya, the contributors enrich their arguments through specific case studies of their respective areas. For all the contributors, the issues of language contact are central and all of them provide contextual analyses of this issue. The contributors raise placing their issues in the emerging discourse of language contact making the collection accessible not only to linguists but also to scholars interested in anthropology, sociolinguistics, political science and Asian studies.

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Shabir, Mohd, Anzar A. Khuroo, Priyanka Agnihotri, Jay Krishan Tiwari, and Tariq Hussain. "A range extension of Gentiana capitata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don subsp. harwanensis (G.Singh) Halda (Gentianaceae) to Ladakh Trans-Himalaya, India." Check List 15, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/15.1.105.

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We collected Gentiana capitata subsp. harwanensis for the first time from Suru valley in Kargil district of Ladakh region, India, and thus extend this subspecies’ geographic distribution to the Trans-Himalayan biogeographic region. This subspecies is endemic to India and so far recorded from the North-west and Western Himalaya of India.

10

Sharma, Lipika, Sher Samant, and Ashish Kumar. "Fodder Resources of Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve in Trans Himalaya." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 24, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2017-h79ikj.

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Livestock is one of the major sources of livelihood and vital part of the agriculture and economy for the inhabitants of Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve (CDBR) in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). The tribal communities are dependent on plant resources for fodder to feed the livestock. The review of literature revealed that focused studies on fodder resources of the CDBR have not been carried out so far. Therefore, the present study attempts to specify 270 species of fodder representing trees (03 spp.), shrubs (24 spp.) and herbs (243 spp.). Poaceae (105 spp.) and Polygonaceae (34 spp.) were dominant families and Poa (18 spp.), Carex and Polygonum (11 spp., each), and Festuca (10 spp.) were species rich genera. Maximum species were found in the 3000 ~ 4000 m zone. Most collected fodder species from wild includes Trigonella emodii, Cicer microphyllum, Aconogonum tortuosum, Clematis ladakhiana, Cousinea thomsonii, Carex infuscata, Festuca rubra, Leymus secalinus, etc. Only 88 species were native to the Himalayan Region, 11 species were endemic and 37 species were near endemic. Ecological assessment of the fodder species using quadrate method, and rotational grazing of livestock by tribal communities and Gaddis; and development of management plan and policy briefs are suggested.

11

Kotlia, Bahadur Singh, Ingelore Hinz-Schallreuter, Roger Schallreuter, and Jürgen Schwarz. "Evolution of Lamayuru palaeolake in the Trans Himalaya: Palaeoecological implications." E&G Quaternary Science Journal 48, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3285/eg.48.1.16.

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Abstract. Vor etwa 35 000-40 000 Jahren schuf eine Episode neotektonischer Aktivität an der Indus-Sutur bei Lamayuru (Ladakh) einen See, von dem eine über 105 m mächtige Abfolge fluviolakustriner Ablagerungen erhalten ist. Die zwischen Ton/Silt/Sand eingelagerten lakustrinen Horizonte (Kalkschlämme) und karbonatreichen Schichten haben Süßwasser-Ostrakoden, Gastropoden und Charophyten geliefert. Insgesamt wurden 9 Fossilhorizonte angetroffen. Die hauptsächlichen Ostrakodentaxa sind llyocypris (l. gibba und I. bradyi), Eucypris und Candona. Bei den Gastropoden dominieren Lymnaea, Succinea und Gyraulus. Die Charophyten werden durch Chara globularis vertreten. Die paläoökologische Interpretation basiert auf den charakteristischen Faunen- und Florenelementen und auf der Natur der Sedimente. Es wird vermutet, daß der See während seiner ganzen Existenz ziemlich flach war und kaltes, extrem salzarmes, langsam fließendes, pflanzenreiches Wasser führte. Als ein offenes Becken mag er einen kontinuierlichen Abfluß während seiner ganzen Existenz gehabt haben. Die Entleerung des Sees wurde verursacht durch eine strukturelle Zerrüttung des Seebodens und die Ausfüllung durch riesige, durch einen weiteren Impuls tektonischer Aktivität ausgelöste Schuttmassen.

12

Adhikari, D., S. Timilsina, M. S. Miya, R. Prasai, B. D. B. G. C. Pageni, R. Thapa, and J. Bhandari. "Ethnobotanical assessment of medicinal plants in Trans-Himalaya of Nepal." Ceylon Journal of Science 53, no. 2 (May 14, 2024): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjs.v53i2.8148.

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Nepal harbors many ethnomedicinal plants distributed throughout the country’s diverse geography. It is crucial to document plants’ ethnobotanical knowledge for further research and conservation. This study aimed to conduct a quantitative ethnobotanical analysis of the medicinal plants used in the Varagung Muktichhetra Rural Municipality of Mustang District, Nepal. Data were collected through a household survey (N = 101), using snowball sampling with 40% sampling intensity, 12 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), and two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The data was analyzed using different quantitative tools: Informant consensus factor (Fic), Fidelity Level (FL), and Use Values (UV). A total of 54 medicinal plants belonging to 32 families were documented, which were used to treat 40 different ailments. The family Asteraceae represented the maximum number of plants being used. Herbs were most frequently used (59%), and root (n =10) was the most used plant part. Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora was the most frequently used and preferred species (FL = 65% and UV = 0.62). Fever (Fic = 0.88) and gastrointestinal disorder (Fic = 0.86) were the major ailment categories treated. Oral (76%) was the main route of administration of medicines in the body, and the most used form of medicine preparation was paste (46%). Unsustainable harvesting, illegal collection, and forest fire were the major threats to medicinal plants and were highly significant after applying the non-parametric Friedman test. Enactment of a policy that focuses on conservation, sustainable harvesting, and domestication of highly valued medicinal plants is recommended to policymakers.

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Subba, Samundra Ambuhang, Anil Kumar Shrestha, Kanchan Thapa, Sabita Malla, Gokarna Jung Thapa, Sujeet Shrestha, Shrota Shrestha, Naresh Subedi, Gopal Prakash Bhattarai, and Richard Ottvall. "Distribution of grey wolves Canis lupus lupus in the Nepalese Himalaya: implications for conservation management." Oryx 51, no. 3 (July 7, 2016): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605316000296.

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AbstractThe grey wolf Canis lupus lupus is Critically Endangered in Nepal, and is a protected species there. Understanding the species’ status and distribution is critical for its conservation in the Nepalese Himalaya. We assessed the distribution of the grey wolf in the Himalayan and Trans-Himalayan regions using data from faecal and camera trap surveys and published data sources. We recorded 40 instances of wolf presence. Using these data we estimated a distribution of 28,553 km2, which includes potential as well as known habitat and comprises 73% of the Nepalese Himalaya. There is evidence of recovery of the grey wolf population in Kanchenjunga Conservation Area in the eastern portion of the species’ range. A livestock insurance scheme has been shown to be a viable option to reduce retaliatory killing of wolves as a result of livestock depredation. The wolf plays an important ecological role in the Himalaya, and its conservation should not be delayed by the ongoing taxonomic debate about its subspecific status.

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Pandey, Rishikesh. "The State of Food (In)Security in the Trans-Himalaya, Upper-Mustang, Nepal." Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 10 (October 4, 2016): 92–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v10i0.15882.

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Food insecurity is a global issue, with higher prevalence of hunger in developing countries. Low crop yield and food production - due to difficult topography and traditional farming methods - combined with lower income; fluctuations in prices and supply, and low quality of food have been causing food insecurity in Nepal. This research examines food (in)security situation in Upper-Mustang, Nepal. The results are derived from the data collected through face–to-face interviews with the heads of 66 households, in-depth interviews conducted with 22 key informants, and discussions with the group of local people in different (6) places. The household food system was studied from livelihood perspectives and food (in)security was assessed in relation to self-sufficiency or production sufficiency, access, utilization, and stability of food. Households in the Trans-Himalaya acquire food from multiple sources such as farming and livestock ranching, buy food from the market, and also receive food aid for the sake of survival during the food crisis. Food security situation in terms of self-production in Upper-Mustang is at worst stage that many households are facing severe to chronic food insecurity. Studied households access marketed food, though the price they pay is very high. The worrisome issue is that there is no significant improvement in food security situation over time in the Trans-Himalaya. Study found that not the household size but dependency ratio in the household increases food insecurity. On the other hand, quality of farmland in terms of cropping intensity and availability of irrigation rather than the farm-plot size contribute for food security. The issue of food security is still a valid development policy goal for Nepal in general and for the Trans-Himalaya in particular. Accordingly, food security interventions are important. Yet, policy for interventions should look into all components of food systems, particularly providing irrigation, promoting local food varieties, and provisioning for food subsidies and food aid together with subsidies in food transport.

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Ashant Dewan, Bimal Raj Shrestha, Rubina Thapa Magar, and Prakash Gaudel. "New distribution record of Gazalina chrysolopha Kollar, 1844 (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) in the Trans-Himalayan region of western Nepal." Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 8 (August 26, 2022): 21742–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7976.14.8.21742-21744.

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Gazalina chrysolopha Kollar, 1844 is a white moth with several black line patterns. It belongs to family Notodontidae. The major habitat consists of oak and alder forests in the Himalaya. The moth is associated with the cause of corneal melting eye disease. The finding of a moth in a trans-Himalayan region set forth the change of current distribution range, host, and habitat preference behaviors.

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Sekar, K., Lalit Giri, Aseesh Pandey, and S. Srivastava. "A Note on Distribution of Juniperus semiglobosa in Uttarakhand, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 38, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2015-0xy6ms.

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Distribution of Juniperus semiglobosa in India have been examined through literature, available herbarium specimens and with field observations. The density of individuals are found in decreasing trend in India due to fuel wood extraction coupled with natural calamity in high altitude regions, especially in Trans Himalaya. Available population status, brief description, field observations and photographs are provided in the communication, for conservation of Juniperus in natural habitats.

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Joshi, Virendra P., Neeraj Kumar, Bikram Singh, and R. P. Chamoli. "Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. from Western Himalaya." Natural Product Communications 2, no. 5 (May 2007): 1934578X0700200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0700200515.

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The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the whole plant of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., growing wild in western Himalaya, was investigated by GC-FID and GC-MS on two columns of different polarities. The oil contained 73.3% of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, comprised mainly of β-caryophyllene (23.2%), α-humulene (23.1%), trans-β-farnesene (6.3%), germacrene-D (5.4%) and caryophyllene oxide (3.3%).

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BANOO, SAKINA, ANZAR AHMAD KHUROO, and AIJAZ HASSAN GANIE. "Swertia drassensis, a new species from Drass, Ladakh Himalaya." Phytotaxa 571, no. 2 (November 3, 2022): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.8.

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Swertia drassensis (Gentianaceae) is described as a new species from Drass, an area located in the Trans-Himalaya region of Ladakh, India. This new species resembles in few characters to its congeneric Swertia petiolata, but clearly differs from it in possessing a pair of fused nectaries, fimbriae characteristically absent, margin of sepals slightly membranous, greenish-yellow, ovoid-ellipsoid capsule and winged seeds. Photo-illustrations and comparison of diagnostic characters of the new species with other congeneric species are provided to facilitate field identification.

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Dorjey, Konchok, Sanjeev Kumar, and Yash Sharma. "High altitude morels from Ladakh Trans-Himalaya (J&K), India." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2019-sefqfy.

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Present study emphasizes on the documentation of some hitherto interesting morels from Ladakh, the cold desert of Indian Trans-Himalaya. Seven taxa of morels namely Morchella conica, M. crassipes, M. deliciosa, M. elata, M. elata var. himalayansis var. nov., M. esculenta, M. tomentosa have been documented. All the species have been recorded for the first time from Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir, while as M. elata var. himalayansis var. nov., the proposed as new variety, constitutes new addition to morels of India. Detailed description and illustration with micro- and macroscopic characteristics have been provided for M. elata var. himalayansis var. nov., while as remaining six species have been described with field photographs.

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Sharma, Buddhi Prasad, and Damodar Bhusal. "Trans-Himalaya Connectivity: Comprehensive Approach to Resolve China-India Political Conundrum." Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies 4, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2021.4.7.3.

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China and India have a long civilization. Even before the establishment of formal diplomatic relations in 1950, both countries had a long history of exchanges on educational, cultural-spiritual, and trade in ancient times. But since the mid of 1950, both countries didn't enjoy good bilateral relations and that culminated with the war of 1962. Again rapprochement began in mid of 1980. Border issue, ideological-political model, and approach on global orientation are the issues both countries have different views, which sometimes produce severe bilateral relations problems. June 15 incident in Ladakh has created severe confrontation and new regional geopolitical imbalance. Five-point consensus in Moscow helped to reduce prevailing tension. This study finds that only regular cooperation and open dialogue can provide a fruitful platform to create a trustful environment and search for peaceful settlement of the dispute. Harmony between these two countries will support for peace and prosperity of the Trans-Himalaya region. This research is based on qualitative research and follows the secondary data. It takes a comprehensive approach as a theoretical framework to analyze the issues. The researcher is very serious about testing the validity of data and its analysis. As per the research requirement, this paper is explorative in format.

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Pandey, Rishikesh. "Life and Livelihoods in the ‘Forbidden Kingdom’, the Trans-Himalaya, Nepal." Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 11 (December 31, 2017): 24–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v11i0.18822.

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Rural livelihoods in Nepal are generally based on ecosystem resources. Despite a large number of studies on the Himalayan livelihoods, representation of the Trans-Himalaya, particularly Upper-Mustang, are rare. Such a scarcity could be associated with the fact that the place was isolated from the rest of the world and mainstream Nepali societies for a long time and also used to be known as ‘forbidden kingdom.’ This paper documents livelihood situation of Upper-Mustang in reference to the data collected in 66 households, in-depth interviews taken with 22 key informants, and focus group discussions conducted in 6 locations. Household livelihood system was studied with reference to five livelihood capitals, which were transformed into Livelihood Capital Index (LCI) at first and Livelihood Sustainability Index (LSI) later. Households in the Trans-Himalaya fulfill their livelihood requirement from multiple sources such as farming and livestock ranching together with small-scale enterprises, remittance and labouring. Overall status of livelihood capital is weak that cannot satisfy households’ food and livelihood requirements. There exists inter-household variation in the status of livelihood capitals.The households with diversified livelihood options have relatively secured livelihood, although such security is relative to the households of Upper-Mustang. Considering the weak status of agro-livestock system, which is mostly associated with unfavorable geographic conditions and lack of agro-livestock service provision, the region has sound scope for tourism industries and production as well as marketing of medicinal and aromatic plants, and fruits. Therefore, there is a plenty of possibility of diversifying livelihoods, however, neither the communities are eager to do so nor the state policies are encouraging. Therefore, together with expansion and advancement of physical infrastructure, effective service delivery and provision for social welfare, government programs should be facilitative for optimum and sustainable utilization of ecosystem resources for the sustainability of household livelihood system.Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.11, 2017; 24-59

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SHRESTHA, RINJAN, and PER WEGGE. "Wild sheep and livestock in Nepal Trans-Himalaya: coexistence or competition?" Environmental Conservation 35, no. 2 (June 2008): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892908004724.

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SUMMARYExcessive grazing by livestock is claimed to displace wild ungulates in the Trans-Himalaya. This study compares the seasonal diets and habitat use of sympatric wild naur Pseudois nayaur and domestic goat Capra hircus, sheep Ovis aries and free-ranging yak Bos grunniens in north Nepal and analyses their overlap both within and across seasons. Alpine meadow and the legumes Oxytropis and Chesneya were critical resources for all animal groups. High overlap occurred cross-seasonally when smallstock (sheep and goats) in summer used the spring and autumn ranges of naur. Relatively high total ungulate biomass (3028 kg km−2) and low recruitment of naur (56 young per 100 adult females in autumn) suggested interspecific competition. The spatio-temporal heterogeneity in composition and phenology of food plants across the steep gradient of altitude, together with rotational grazing, appears to indirectly facilitate coexistence of naur and smallstock. However, owing to high cross-seasonal (inter-seasonal) overlaps, competition is likely to occur between these two groups at high stocking densities. Within seasons, naur overlapped more with free-ranging yak than with smallstock. As their habitat use and diets were most similar in winter, when both fed extensively on the same species of shrubs, naur was most likely to compete with yak during that season.

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Klimeš, Leoš. "Clonal splitters and integrators in harsh environments of the Trans-Himalaya." Evolutionary Ecology 22, no. 3 (August 16, 2007): 351–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10682-007-9195-3.

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Shrestha, Rinjan, and Per Wegge. "Habitat relationships between wild and domestic ungulates in Nepalese trans-Himalaya." Journal of Arid Environments 72, no. 6 (June 2008): 914–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.12.002.

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Dubey, R. K., and Javid Ahmad Dar. "Geotechnical Facets of Quaternary Sediments of Nubra Valley, Trans-Himalaya, India." National Academy Science Letters 43, no. 5 (January 30, 2020): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40009-020-00896-1.

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Nagar, D., and Z. Ahmed. "Biological spectrum of Nubra Valley (Ladakh)." Indian Journal of Forestry 30, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2007-54q61w.

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The Nubra valley of Ladakh (Jammu and Kashmir) is situated to the North of Leh and constitutes a part of the Indian cold desert of trans-Himalaya. The life forms of the flora of Nubra valley (including Pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms) belonging to 65 families, 257 genera and 439 species have been studied and the biological spectrum has been compared with that of Raunkiaer’s normal spectrum. The thero-hemicryptophytic phytoclimate of the area is characteristic of cold alpine zones.

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Deskit, Padma, and R. K. Srivastava. "Plastic surgery in Ladakh: a novel initiative in trans Himalaya of India." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 2 (January 27, 2020): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20200293.

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Background: The super speciality care is not available in remote places in India. But the service of the plastic surgery can be taken to the remote district hospital by arranging plastic surgery camps thereby resulting in service to the poor, capacity building of the local doctors and infrastructure development of the remote hospital.Methods: It is a retrospective study, in which the author analysed the feasibility, management, difficulties and achievement of week long, annual plastic surgery camp in remote set up of a district hospital of Ladakh over three year from 2017 to 2019.Results: A total of 341 patients were included in this study of which 108 underwent various surgical interventions. The youngest operated was 5 months old and oldest was 86 years. Wide spectrum of deformity were seen and operated upon. Complication developed in only six patients (5.5%) which were managed successfully at Leh only. The immediate and long term follow-up result show no difference in surgical result as compared to those compared operated outside with negligible financial burden.Conclusions: Keeping in view the positive outcome, it is argued through this paper that such camps should be replicated in other remote locations all over India.

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Gupta, Vikas, Dorjay Namgyal, Anil Kumar, Deldan Namgyal, Sonam Angchuk, and Rigzin Safal. "Assessment of Integrated Pest Management against Onion Maggot in Trans Himalaya Leh." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (October 10, 2019): 2180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.810.253.

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Singh, Rashmi, Rishi Kumar Sharma, and Suresh Babu. "Pastoralism in Transition: Livestock Abundance and Herd Composition in Spiti, Trans-Himalaya." Human Ecology 43, no. 6 (October 21, 2015): 799–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-015-9789-2.

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Paudel, Keshav Prasad, and Peter Andersen. "Response of rangeland vegetation to snow cover dynamics in Nepal Trans Himalaya." Climatic Change 117, no. 1-2 (August 25, 2012): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0562-x.

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31

Regmi, Binod, Marlis R. Douglas, Karma Wangchuk, Zachery D. Zbinden, David R. Edds, Singye Tshering, and Michael E. Douglas. "The Himalayan uplift and evolution of aquatic biodiversity across Asia: Snowtrout (Cyprininae: Schizothorax) as a test case." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (October 24, 2023): e0289736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289736.

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Global biodiversity hotspots are often remote, tectonically active areas undergoing climatic fluctuations, such as the Himalaya Mountains and neighboring Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). They provide biogeographic templates upon which endemic biodiversity can be mapped to infer diversification scenarios. Yet, this process can be somewhat opaque for the Himalaya, given substantial data gaps separating eastern and western regions. To help clarify, we evaluated phylogeographic and phylogenetic hypotheses for a widespread fish (Snowtrout: Cyprininae; Schizothorax) by sequencing 1,140 base pair of mtDNA cytochrome-b (cytb) from Central Himalaya samples (Nepal: N = 53; Bhutan: N = 19), augmented with 68 GenBank sequences (N = 60 Schizothorax/N = 8 outgroups). Genealogical relationships (N = 132) were analyzed via maximum likelihood (ML), Bayesian (BA), and haplotype network clustering, with clade divergence estimated via TimeTree. Snowtrout seemingly originated in Central Asia, dispersed across the QTP, then into Bhutan via southward-flowing tributaries of the east-flowing Yarlung-Tsangpo River (YLTR). Headwaters of five large Asian rivers provided dispersal corridors from Central into eastern/southeastern Asia. South of the Himalaya, the YLTR transitions into the Brahmaputra River, facilitating successive westward colonization of Himalayan drainages first in Bhutan, then Nepal, followed by far-western drainages subsequently captured by the (now) westward-flowing Indus River. Two distinct Bhutanese phylogenetic groups were recovered: Bhutan-1 (with three subclades) seemingly represents southward dispersal from the QTP; Bhutan-2 apparently illustrates northward colonization from the Lower Brahmaputra. The close phylogenetic/phylogeographic relationships between the Indus River (Pakistan) and western tributaries of the Upper Ganges (India/Nepal) potentially implicate an historic, now disjunct connection. Greater species-divergences occurred across rather than within-basins, suggesting vicariance as a driver. The Himalaya is a component of the Earth’s largest glacial reservoir (i.e., the “third-pole”) separate from the Arctic/Antarctic. Its unique aquatic biodiversity must be defined and conserved through broad, trans-national collaborations. Our study provides an initial baseline for this process.

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Banoo, Sakina, Aijaz H. Ganie, and Anzar Ahmad Khuroo. "Pedicularis gracilis var. brunoniana (Wall. ex Pennell) T. Husain & Arti Garg: first report from Ladakh, Trans-Himalaya, India." Check List 18, no. 2 (March 14, 2022): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/18.2.269.

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We report Pedicularis gracilis var. brunoniana (Wall. ex Pennell) T. Husain & Arti Garg (Orobanchaceae) for the first time from Ladakh, a region of Trans-Himalaya in India. This variety is most similar to P. gracilis var. macrocarpa but differs in having out-curved galea, long calyx lobes with hairy margin. Detailed morphological notes along with photographs are provided to validate this report and facilitate the field identification of this taxon. As we observed only small populations of this variety, strategies are likely required for its conservation in this Himalayan region.

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CHANDRA, KAILASH, DEVANSHU GUPTA, and ISHTIAQ AHMED. "A Catalogue of Indian Stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera)." Zootaxa 4646, no. 2 (July 24, 2019): 201–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4646.2.1.

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This catalogue lists 146 valid species included in 27 genera and 8 families of the order Plecoptera (Insecta) recorded from India. We record the nomenclatural changes of the species names, type localities, type depositories, and distribution. The Himalayan Region supports the greatest diversity (87 species), followed by the Northeast Region (51 species), Deccan Peninsula (18 species), Western Ghats (11 species), and Trans Himalaya (6 species). The Nemouridae (69 species, 7 genera) and Perlidae (49 species, 9 genera) represent nearly 80% of the species known from India. Approximately, 90 species are endemic to India.

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Sharma, Lipika, Sher Samant, and Ashish Kumar. "Fuel Yielding Species of Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve in the Indian Trans Himalaya." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 24, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2017-u6z0k6.

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Fuel is major source of domestic energy and depends upon the type of species available in the area. The tribal communities of Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve (CDBR) lead agro-pastoral lifestyle in which they heavily depend on local resources for fuel wood. The available studies indicated that comprehensive study on fuel resource is not available for the CDBR. Therefore, an attempt has been made to; (i) assess the diversity, distribution and utilization pattern of fuel resource; (ii) identify nativity and endemism of the fuel species; and (iii) suggest management options for conservation. The present study recorded 46 species of fuel representing trees (06 spp.), shrubs (37spp.) and herbs (03 spp.). Caprifoliaceae and Salicaceae (08 spp., each) were dominant families, and Lonicera (08 spp.) and Salix (07 spp.) were species rich genera. Maximum species were found in the 3000 ~ 4000 m zone. Amongst, fuel species, Caragana versicolor, Kracheninnikovia cerastoides, Lonicera spinosa and Salix spp. were the most preferred species from pastures for fuel wood. Only 22 species were native to the Himalayan region, 01 species i.e., Cotoneaster gilgitensis was endemic and 10 species were near endemic. Assessment of fuel species using ecological method (quadrat), study the extraction trends, develop conventional propagation protocols for mass multiplication and their establishment in the in-situ and ex-situ conditions, and create awareness among the tribal communities have been suggested.

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Kumar, Amit, Bhupendra Singh Adhikari, and Gopal Singh Rawat. "A hierarchy of landscape-habitat-plant physiognomic classes in the Indian Trans-Himalaya." Trees, Forests and People 7 (March 2022): 100172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2021.100172.

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BAJPAI, Prabodh K., Ashish R. WARGHAT, Anil KANT, Ravi B. SRIVASTAVA, and Tsering STOBDAN. "Detecting molecular signatures of natural selection in Morus alba populations from trans-Himalaya." Journal of Systematics and Evolution 52, no. 5 (August 19, 2014): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jse.12109.

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37

Saxena, Shweta, Ashwani Kumar Bhardwaj, Vikas Kumar, Manoj Kumar Patel, Raj Kumar, and Om Prakash Chaurasia. "Sustainable Utilization of Medicinal Plants of Ladakh and Lahaul-Spiti of Trans-Himalaya." Defence Life Science Journal 3, no. 2 (March 23, 2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.3.12566.

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Cold arid and high altitude region of the trans-Himalayas (Ladakh & Lahaul-Spiti) is a unique region of the world where all non-native living beings experience noticeably hostile environments that make their survival much challenging compared to their respective natural dwelling niches. The region is characterized by extreme temperature variation, low precipitation mostly in the form of snow, thin atmosphere with high UV-radiation, less oxygen availability, high wind velocity, sparse plant density and fragile ecosystem. Interestingly, these adverse environmental conditions are ideal for the growth of valuable medicinal plants. Like other parts of the Himalaya, Ladakh and Lahaul-Spiti are also the treasure house of several unique medicinal plants which form an indispensable ingredient of local traditional system of medicines especially Sowa Rigpa System (Amchi system of medicine) since ages.

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Angmo, Phunchok, Tsering Dolma, Anand K. Katiyar, O. P. Chaurasia, and Tsering Stobdan. "Growing Cauliflower in Winter under Passive Solar Greenhouse in Trans Himalayan Ladakh, India." Defence Life Science Journal 5, no. 3 (July 22, 2020): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.5.15701.

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Traditionally cauliflower is not grown during winter months in the trans-Himalayan Ladakh region due to sub-zero degree celsius at night. Accordingly, the feasibility of growing cauliflower, a temperature-sensitive crop, was studied during winter months in a passive solar greenhouse in the high altitude (elevation 3340 m) trans-Himalayan Ladakh region. Studies were conducted during 2017-2020 with three commercial varieties. Curd was formed in all the varieties despite the temperature extremes (0.0±1.6 to 39.5±0.9 ºC) in the greenhouse. Harvesting was done in the month of February. The mean marketable curd weight ranged from 258±113 to 743±62 g depending on variety and year, which suggested that cauliflower can be successfully grown during winter months in the trans-Himalaya. However, the marketable curd weight was significantly lower as compared to the yield potential of the varieties. High temperature inside the greenhouse resulted in the occurrence of fuzziness, and it ranged from 0-35% of the harvested curd depending on the year and variety. Fuzziness was not observed in cv Shentha while 10.4-35% of cv Amazing exhibited fuzziness.

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Kumar, Amit, Monideepa Mitra, Bhupendra S. Adhikari, and Gopal S. Rawat. "Flora of Niti Valley: a cold arid region of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Western Himalaya, India." Check List 12, no. 1 (January 6, 2016): 1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/12.1.1824.

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Located in the extended buffer zone of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve in Western Himalaya, Niti valley represents a cold arid region. The reserve has been extensively surveyed in terms of floral diversity by various workers, albeit highly confined to the core zones. The current survey recorded 495 species belonging to 267 genera and 73 families of vascular plants through systematic collection in the years 2011, 2012 and 2014. Of the recorded species, 383 were dicots, 93 monocots, 9 pteridophytes and 10 gymnosperms. Asteraceae was most diverse family (32 genera with 58 species), followed by Poaceae (22 genera with 41 species), Lamiaceae (15 genera with 19 species) Fabaceae (14 genera with 22 species), Brassicaceae (12 genera with 12 species) and Rosaceae (11 genera with 36 species). The present survey also updates the existing flora of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (801 species) with addition of 167 species. This study reveals that the Niti valley forms a transition zone, as the floral elements have affinity with Trans as well as Greater Himalaya.

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Phartiyal, Binita, Sheikh Nawaz Ali, Anupam Sharma, Shailesh Agrawal, Debarati Nag, Pooja Tiwari, Mohan Kumar, et al. "Palaeoclimatic variability during last eight millennia from a morainal lake in Zanskar, northwest Himalaya, India." Journal of Palaeosciences 71, no. 1 (July 22, 2022): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.2022.545.

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Centennial–scale palaeoenvironmental variability has been deduced during past eight millennia using multi–proxy study (textural analysis, environmental magnetic parameters, stable carbon isotopes, palynofacies and elemental concentration), from Khangok–Padam in Zanskar Valley, northwest Himalaya. The multi–proxy record from this morainal lake spanning last ~8200 cal years BP has revealed four hydroclimatic phases. The overall progressively improving hydroclimatic trend is indicated by multi proxy study: sediment size/texture (as a proxy for the energy condition and depositional environment), mineral magnetism (proxy for sediment flux or lithogenic input and lithologic variation), carbon isotope signature (δ13Corg) preserved in organic constituents of sediments (a proxy for palaeovegetation and climate change), elemental geochemistry (proxy for weathering and erosion) and selected samples for palynofacies data (a proxy for changes in biological organic matter). This improving hydroclimatic trend is however punctuated by an abrupt wet spell at ~6200–5200 cal years BP and relatively drier climate during the Little Ice Age between 1400 and 1900 CE. The main driving force implicated for the changes are seen to be the solar output variations. The area lying in a transitional climatic zone of NW Himalaya shows no emphatic record of the events like the 4200 cal. years BP, 2600 cal. years BP and Holocene Climatic Optima. Contrary to the earlier studies in the region (e.g., Tsokar and TsoMorari), our results show an improving hydroclimatic condition in this transition climatic zone between the Indian Summer Monsoon dominated Higher and westerly dominated Trans Himalaya.

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Yadav, Shiva Kumar. "“One Belt One Road” Initiative of China: Promotion of Bi/Multilateral Regional Cooperation in South Asia." Patan Prospective Journal 2, no. 1 (September 13, 2022): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ppj.v2i1.48147.

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The concept of “One Belt One Road” is initiated by People’s Republic of China which could be a foundational basis of development in the region. The ideas reflected in the presentations of an international seminar, entitled “Exploring Issues on Trans Himalayan Cooperation”, organized by Trans Himalayan Research Centre (THRC) of Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences (FOHSS) at Tribhuvan University (TU) on 21 May 2016. Based on the presentations of scholars from Nepal, China and Korea this paper, based on the presentations of the seminar, further argues that the One Belt One Road initiative will not only be “Connecting the peoples along the One Belt One Road routes” but also promoting multilateral regional cooperation in future strengthening South Asian regional cooperation. It eventually promotes Bi/Multilateral Regional Cooperation in South Asia taking into consideration that connectivity is key that connects different regions within and outside nations. However, connectivity alone is not enough and there is necessary to develop corridor to contribute economic development of country. It is therefore necessary to promote various kinds of bi/multilateral regional cooperation for the development of Trans Himalaya region of South Asia.

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BHADRECHA, POOJA, MADHU BALA, VIKAS KAUSHIK, NASEEM A. GAUR, SIMRANJEET SINGH, JOGINDER SINGH, and MANOJ KUMAR. "Folate-producing rhizobacteria of Hippophae rhamnoides L. from Indian trans-Himalaya low atmospheric zone." BIOCELL 45, no. 2 (2021): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2021.013824.

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43

S., Banoo, Gulzar R., Islam T., Ganie A. H., and A. A. Khuroo. "Gentianopsis paludosa var. alpina (Gentianaceae), a new record for India from Ladakh, Trans-Himalaya." Rheedea 31, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22244/rheedea.2021.31.02.06.

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44

Ranhotra, P. S., A. Bhattacharyya, and B. S. Kotlia. "Vegetation and climatic changes around Lamayuru, Trans-Himalaya during the last 35 kyr B.P." Journal of Palaeosciences 56 (December 31, 2007): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.2007.62.

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Palynological analysis of a 105 m deep palaeo-lake profile from Lamayuru, Ladakh, Trans-Himalayan region, provides a broad idea of temporal succession of vegetation vis-a-vis climatic changes during major part of the last glacial period. The present study suggests that the prevailing semi-arid climate of this region has been continuing at least from prior to 35 kyr B.P. characterized by the Chenopodiaceae-Ephedra-Artemisia steppe. Migration of Betula around 35 kyr B.P. into the steppe took place when climate was comparatively less arid than before and its further increase around 22 kyr B.P. in the Ephedra-Artemisia-Chenopodiaceae steppe suggests comparatively favourable climatic conditions. Subsequently the climate had turned to be cooler and drier with the expansion of steppe taxa.

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Naryal, Avilekh, A. K. Bhardwaj, K. B. Bhushan, Rohit Kumar, Ashish R. Warghat, and Tsering Stobdan. "Genetic diversity studies of apricot of trans-Himalaya based on morphological and SARP markers." Indian Journal of Horticulture 78, no. 1 (2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-0112.2021.00002.5.

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46

Zhang, Ruixiong, Yuhang Wang, Qiusheng He, Laiguo Chen, Yuzhong Zhang, Hang Qu, Charles Smeltzer, et al. "Enhanced trans-Himalaya pollution transport to the Tibetan Plateau by cut-off low systems." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 4 (February 28, 2017): 3083–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3083-2017.

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Abstract. Long-range transport followed by deposition of black carbon on glaciers of Tibet is one of the key issues of climate research as it induces changes on radiative forcing and subsequently impacting the melting of glaciers. The transport mechanism, however, is not well understood. In this study, we use short-lived reactive aromatics as proxies to diagnose transport of pollutants to Tibet. In situ observations of short-lived reactive aromatics across the Tibetan Plateau are analyzed using a regional chemistry and transport model. The model performance using the current emission inventories over the region is poor due to problems in the inventories and model transport. Top-down emissions constrained by satellite observations of glyoxal are a factor of 2–6 higher than the a priori emissions over the industrialized Indo-Gangetic Plain. Using the top-down emissions, agreement between model simulations and surface observations of aromatics improves. We find enhancements of reactive aromatics over Tibet by a factor of 6 on average due to rapid transport from India and nearby regions during the presence of a high-altitude cut-off low system. Our results suggest that the cut-off low system is a major pathway for long-range transport of pollutants such as black carbon. The modeling analysis reveals that even the state-of-the-science high-resolution reanalysis cannot simulate this cut-off low system accurately, which probably explains in part the underestimation of black carbon deposition over Tibet in previous modeling studies. Another model deficiency of underestimating pollution transport from the south is due to the complexity of terrain, leading to enhanced transport. It is therefore challenging for coarse-resolution global climate models to properly represent the effects of long-range transport of pollutants on the Tibetan environment and the subsequent consequence for regional climate forcing.

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Ahmed, Tanveer, Afifullah Khan, and Pankaj Chandan. "A pilot survey of the avifauna of Rangdum Valley, Kargil, Ladakh (Indian Trans-Himalaya)." Journal of Threatened Taxa 7, no. 6 (May 26, 2015): 7274–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.o3965.7274-81.

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48

Bhadrecha, Pooja, Vivek Kumar, and Manoj Kumar. "Medicinal Plant Growing under Sub-optimal Conditions in trans-Himalaya Region at High Altitude." Defence Life Science Journal 2, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dlsj.2.11107.

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Supporting people’s culture, income and healthcare, medicinal plants are of a great importance in Himalayas. Trading these herbal formulations worldwide is earning billions. But since the demand of such splendid plant and plant products has tremendously hiked in past two decades, and because of the unstable environmental changes due to global warming and industrialisation, these significant species are in threat of extinction. To preserve these treasures, several technical steps have been adopted by the government. A successful establishment of plants sector will raise rural empowerment, boost international commerce and contribute to health of millions worldwide. Alongside highlighting the major medicinal plant species and their uses, this review also foregrounds traditional medicinal practitioners, regions of trans-Himalayas rich in medicinal plants, major threats to these plants, significant biomolecules and detection techniques, threats to these plants, and government bodies and their responsibilities for their conservation.

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Mishra, Charudutt, Sipke E. Van Wieren, Pieter Ketner, Ignas M. A. Heitkonig, and Herbert H. T. Prins. "Competition between domestic livestock and wild bharal Pseudois nayaur in the Indian Trans-Himalaya." Journal of Applied Ecology 41, no. 2 (April 2004): 344–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8901.2004.00885.x.

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Phartiyal, Binita, Randheer Singh, Priyanka Joshi, and Debarati Nag. "Late-Holocene climatic record from a glacial lake in Ladakh range, Trans-Himalaya, India." Holocene 30, no. 7 (March 4, 2020): 1029–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620908660.

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A multi-proxy study using mineral magnetism, sediment texture, total organic content, palynofacies and diatoms was conducted in one of the highest proglacial lake situated at North Pulu (5098 m a.s.l.) of Ladakh sector of NW Himalaya – a high-altitude cold arid desert. This study presents climatic variations that occurred between 5412 and 419 cal. yr BP (14C AMS chronology). Directly recharged by meltwater from Khardung glacier, this proglacial lake provides a complete record of past climatic variability due to continuous sedimentation and this attribute makes it an exceptionally important geochronological archive for climatic studies. This first high-resolution palaeolimnology record from Karakoram Himalayas shows intermittent warm and cold periods in which the cold events are short but sudden events recorded at 5700, 4600, 4400, 4200, 3800, 3500, 3000, 1800–1700, 1200, 910, 840 and 770–710 cal. yr BP. Between 5412 and 4840 cal. yr BP, an oxic lake condition existed with freeze–thaw action, prominent weathering, more sediment generation and less organic productivity. The following period till 4410 cal. yr BP was cold and dry, a transition phase to the next warmer phase. Between 4410 and 2064 cal. yr BP, climate ameliorated to somewhat moderate warm climate and relatively high lake levels. Glacial melting due to a warm climate resulted in high TOC%, and well-preserved OM indicating reducing conditions in the lake system. From 2064 to 1711 cal. yr BP cold conditions and from 1272 to 1182 cal. yr BP warmer conditions are seen with large appearance in Amphora ovalis indicating increased nutrients input and moderate water levels. This was followed by warmer climatic conditions between 1182 and 958 cal. yr BP. LIA in the region is experienced between 958 and 644 cal. yr BP with anoxic condition. Between 644 and 419 cal. yr BP, climatic condition was again warmer comparatively. However, this warming was not so severe and only had a regional impact.

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