Готові списки джерел за темами / Traffic light regulation

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Traffic light regulation"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Traffic light regulation"

1

Rozali, Azpadli. "Traffic Light Control System Design Using Omron PLC With Ladder Diagram Method." Instal : Jurnal Komputer 12, no. 01 (October 25, 2021): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54209/jurnalkomputer.v12i01.18.

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Анотація:
At this time, traffic congestion is a problem that many big cities face, especially at intersections. Traffic jams at intersections occur a lot because they are caused by the traffic light regulation system that is not in accordance with the traffic light settings which can be changed at any time. The design of the traffic light simulation control program is deviated by four. The program is made with 4 models, namely the all-light flashing model, the flashing yellow light model, and a different one-way model. The current traffic light regulation mostly uses a fixed time setting system where the lights are set to work on a fixed time basis, regardless of the ups and downs of traffic flow. Therefore, offered a detector system (traffic actuated) by utilizing PLC (programmeble logic controller) as a controller. This research is made a simulation tool with PLC Omron. The working process of this tool is in the form of sending input from sensors installed on the road, where this sensor detects the presence or absence of vehicles.
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2

Sailau, Assel Aliyadynovna. "LIGHT REGULATION SYSTEMS IMPROVEMENT ANALYSIS TO FORECAST THE TRANSPORT FLOWS IN ALMATY." Вестник КазАТК 116, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.52167/1609-1817-2021-116-1-299-304.

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The number of vehicles on the roads of Almaty, Kazakhstan is growing from year to year. This brings about an increasing intensity and density of traffic flows in the streets which leads to congestion, decreasing speed of the traffic flow, increasing environmental pollution caused by car emissions, and which can potentially lead to the road traffic accidents (RTA), including fatalities. While the number of injuries grows up mainly due to drivers’ non-compliance with the speed limit, the environmental pollution is caused by longer traffic jams. Therefore, to reduce the level of road traffic injuries and emissions into the environment it is necessary to ensure the uniform movement of traffic flows in cities. Currently, one of the effective ways to do it is the use of transport telematics systems, in particular, control systems for road signs, road boards and traffic lights. The paper presents an analysis of existing systems and methods of traffic light regulation. The analyses of the systems and methods are based on the use of homogeneous data, that is the data on standard parameters of traffic flows. The need in collecting and analyzing additional semi-structured data on the factors that have a significant impact on the traffic flows parameters in cities is shown as well. The work is dedicated to solving the problem of analysis and forecast of traffic flows in the city of Almaty, Kazakhstan. GPS data on the location of individual vehicles is used as the initial data for solving this problem. By projecting the obtained information onto the graph of the city's transport network, as well as using additional filtering, it is possible to obtain an estimate of individual parameters of traffic flows. These parameters are used for short-term forecast of the changes in the city's transport network.
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3

Novikov, A. N., S. V. Eremin, and A. G. Shevtsova. "PROGRAM OF LIGHT-FORMAT REGULATION ON THE BASIS OF CONTROLLED NETWORKS AND THE SATURATIONS’ FLOW: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CALCULATION." Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal 16, no. 6 (December 31, 2019): 680–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2019-6-680-691.

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Анотація:
Introduction. The paper deals with traffic light regulation. This task is always relevant. Thus, even for an ordinary intersection, depending on the intensity of traffic flows, the control cycles should differ significantly. This paper discusses all kinds of systems, namely, two-phase, three-phase, four-phase and others. In addition to solving optimization problems of regulation the authors propose to use the device managed network, which allows setting the configuration of the transport network as the base graph of the managed network, and then based on the parameterization of the graph of the throughput ability of the network to solve the optimization problem of selecting the control traffic and pedestrian flow.Methods and materials. For solving the problem of traffic management on the road network, the authors proposed to use the mechanisms of managed networks. As a result, the authors presented a technique based on the calculation of saturation flows, the main characteristic of the control technique, which was activated when there were no requests from the transport detectors to turn by the green signal.Results. The authors constructed a generalized simulation model of control phases of regulation based on the usage of controlled networks, depending on the intensity of traffic flows and formed a method of selecting modes of traffic lights for different traffic situations.Discussion and conclusions. The solution of the problem of traffic light regulation significantly affects the traffic management efficiency. The authors determine the main parameters based on the analysis of traffic light control methods. As a result of the calculation of the saturation flow and information about the intensity of traffic, the authors form the method of selecting the necessary modes of the phosphor object’s operation.The authors have read and approved the final manuscript. Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.
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4

Astarita, Vittorio, Vincenzo Pasquale Giofrè, Giuseppe Guido, and Alessandro Vitale. "The Use of Adaptive Traffic Signal Systems Based on Floating Car Data." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4617451.

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Анотація:
This paper presents a simple concept which has not been, up to now, thoroughly explored in scientific research: the use of information coming from the network of Internet connected mobile devices (on vehicles) to regulate traffic light systems. Three large-scale changes are going to shape the future of transportation and could lead to the regulation of traffic signal system based on floating car data (FCD): (i) the implementation of Internet connected cars with global navigation satellite (GNSS) system receivers and the autonomous car revolution; (ii) the spreading of mobile cooperative Web 2.0 and the extension to connected vehicles; (iii) an increasing need for sustainability of transportation in terms of energy efficiency, traffic safety, and environmental issues. Up to now, the concept of floating car data (FCD) has only been extensively used to obtain traffic information and estimate traffic parameters. Traffic lights regulation based on FCD technology has not been fully researched since the implementation requires new ideas and algorithms. This paper intends to provide a seminal insight into the important issue of adaptive traffic light based on FCD by presenting ideas that can be useful to researchers and engineers in the long-term task of developing new algorithms and systems that may revolutionize the way traffic lights are regulated.
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5

Kozin, Yuriy. "Road Traffic Light in New Configuration." Journal of Road Safety 32, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33492/jrs-d-20-00253.

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Анотація:
The three-color system containing signals of the same circular shape has been in existence for over a hundred years. Each traffic signal has been justifiably selected to have a special color light to correspond to human psychoemotional reaction (red – stop, yellow – caution, green – go) to a given color signal (British Standards, 2015) and to comply with the laws of physics (The Motivated Engineer, 2015) – Rayleigh’s scattering law (Banc SpaceTek, 2017). The main downsides of the traditional road traffic light include the following: • The uniform circular shape of light signals results in uncertainty and difficulties for road users with color blindness and visual impairments, resulting in the need for restrictions or bans on driving license issuance in some countries. This uncertainty becomes particularly acute in conditions of low visibility. • According to the concept of harmony of form and color (Itten, 1961), a green light alone corresponds to the circular (spherical-like) shape of the signal. Red and amber lights harmoniously combine with other geometrical shapes. • The uniform shape of light signals prevents the implementation of the original compact combined model of traffic lights. For example, during the day, colorblind people can tell which signal is which because there is a standard position assigned: top – bottom or right – left (Oliveira, Souza, Junior, Sales & Ferraz, 2015). This becomes problematic if the compact combined models of traffic lights are used. Engineers and inventors have been trying to solve these problems by introducing random changes in the light signal shape and complicating the traffic light design. For a long time there have been different proposals about how to eliminate the demerits of the existing traffic lights: from arbitrary changes in the signal shape (Patterson, 1988) to transformation of traffic lights into a single-section display panel (Kulichenko, 2011) which replaces among others stationary road signs. However, technical solutions like these deprive the traffic light of its signal uniformity and conciseness (simplicity, clarity and precision of its controlling effect), features which help safe traffic regulation in a busy and dynamic mode. Technical modernization of individual signal components has been going hand in hand with technological developments as light sources, diffusers, lenses, controllers, materials, control systems, timers, etc. are improved. However, adequate design and aesthetic proposals are considerably behind. The aim of this paper is to propose a concept of creating control signals of traffic light that harmonize color and form, and, as a result, to create a new model of traffic light that will be convenient for all road users.
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6

Klimovich, A. N., and V. N. Shuts. "Crossroad control algorithm based on V2I-interaction." «System analysis and applied information science», no. 4 (February 6, 2019): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-4923-2018-4-21-27.

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Анотація:
The importance of efficient traffic management problem grows every year. Constantly increasing number of vehicles and traffic volume requires improvement of methods and algorithms of traffic control. Such improvement becomes possible due to the spreading of global navigation and positioning systems, the development of wireless communication technologies and mobile internet, the advance in specialized technologies for interaction between vehicles and road infrastructure (V2I), the enhancement of machine learning models, computer vision algorithms, the emergence of driverless cars. This paper considers the novel approach to traffic management at intersection based on the use of V2I communication, describes general scheme of such approach and differences with conventional traffic light regulation. Developed algorithm of intersection management utilizes advantages of V2I communication to increase throughput of the intersection comparing to simple traffic light regulation and more advanced adaptive methods. The increase of throughput is achieved due to the dynamic construction of regulation phases which can be done because of more complete information about traffic flow. The comparence of various methods of regulation was performed in developed traffic simulation environment based on multi-agent approach.
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7

Andronov, Roman, and Evgeny Leverents. "Effectiveness of adaptive control of traffic light intersection on isolated multi-lane intersections." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 02107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911002107.

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Анотація:
The use of information technology in traffic management can increase the capacity of traffic intersections and reduce vehicle delays. In cities, adaptive traffic control at traffic lights intersections has been well established. Adaptive regulation is applied mainly on isolated traffic lights, where the traffic flow has a predominantly exponential distribution of intervals. It was established experimentally that the effectiveness of the method decreases with a supersaturated traffic flow, which makes it difficult to find a “cutoff point”, a convenient moment for switching the traffic light signal. The article shows that at isolated multi-band intersections, the search for a convenient signal switching time is difficult at low loading levels. At uninsulated intersections, the incoming flow will have clear periods of time without vehicles, which makes the operation of adaptive traffic control in these conditions at a multi-lane crossing more efficient. This suggests the need for further study of the patterns of distribution of intervals between cars in urban environments at the approaches to non-isolated intersections and at the approach to intersections operating without coordination with other traffic lights.
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8

Ma, Zibo, Tongchao Cui, Wenxing Deng, Fengyao Jiang, and Liguo Zhang. "Adaptive Optimization of Traffic Signal Timing via Deep Reinforcement Learning." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (November 27, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6616702.

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Анотація:
With rapid development of the urbanization, how to improve the traffic lights efficiency has become an urgent issue. The traditional traffic light control is a method that calculates a series of corresponding timing parameters by optimizing the cycle length. However, fixing sequence and duration of traffic lights is inefficient for dynamic traffic flow regulation. In order to solve the above problem, this study proposes a traffic light timing optimization scheme based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). In this scheme, the traffic lights can output an appropriate phase according to the traffic flow state of each direction at the intersection and dynamically adjust the phase length. Specifically, we first adopt Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to improve the convergence speed of the model. Then, we elaborate the design of state, action, and reward, with the vehicle state defined by Discrete Traffic State Encoding (DTSE) method. Finally, we conduct experiments on real traffic data via the traffic simulation platform SUMO. The results show that, compared to the traditional timing control, the proposed scheme can effectively reduce the waiting time of vehicles and queue length in various traffic flow modes.
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9

Yadi, Mul, Rinto Yulianto, and T. n. Syamsah. "APPLICATION TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TASK." DE RECHTSSTAAT 1, no. 2 (September 15, 2015): 156–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jhd.v1i2.456.

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ABSTRACT In the exercise of police discretion, the Traffic Unit officers Bogor City Police guided by Article 18 paragraph (2) of Law No. 2 of 2002 on the Indonesian National Police "In the circumstances it is necessary to pay attention to laws and regulations, as well as the Code of Professional Ethics of Indonesian Police". One example of the application of police discretion were conducted by the Traffic Police Unit Bogor City to tackle congestion in the city of Bogor, especially at traffic light Bogor Palace is to regulate traffic density without referring to the traffic light. Identify the problem in research 1) How does the application of police discretion in setting tasks traffic? 2) What positive and negative impacts discretionary actions carried out by the police in traffic control? The purpose of this study are as follows: 1) To determine and analyze on the application of police discretion in setting tasks traffic, and 2) To determine and analyze the impact of the actions undertaken by the police discretion in the regulation of traffic. The research method used in this research is normative juridical approach that is used legis positivist concept which states that the law is identical with the norms made written and enacted by institutions or authorities. In addition this concept also saw law as a normative system that is autonomous, closed and detached from public life. The conclusion from this study is the adoption of police discretion in the task of traffic management needs to recognize the Professional Ethics of Police, as very fundamental and important and substantial influence on both the poor implementation of police discretion in the regulation of traffic. Keywords: Discretion Police, Traffic Management
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10

Pudjaprasetya, Sri Redjeki, and Dear Michiko Noor. "An Analysis of A Three-Phase Versus A Four-Phase Traffic Lights Regulation for A Four-Leg Intersection." Journal of the Indonesian Mathematical Society 26, no. 2 (July 10, 2020): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jims.26.2.823.192-201.

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Анотація:
Traffic management of intersections is an important factor that can determine traffic density at the intersection, as well as its surrounding. Long traffic queues we encounter in daily life, were often caused by ineffectiveness of traffic lights management of the cross sections.In this article, an analytic study of traffic light management of a four-leg intersection, based on the kinematic LWR model, was presented. Comparison was based on observing the end of queues over three cycles of red-green lights, under the assumption of a constant traffic flux. On every leg of the intersection, the end of the queues were obtained from characteristic lines of the shock waves.From these observations, the three phase regulation was preferred over the four-phase one. Finally, a case study of Taman Sari - Baltos intersection located in Bandung City, Indonesia, was discussed. Parameter values used in these simulations were obtained from direct observation.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Traffic light regulation"

1

Павловський, Владислав Олександрович. "Система керування дорожнім рухом у місті". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2019. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/32305.

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Інтенсивне збільшення кількості транспортних засобів у містах України за останні роки призвело до значного перевантаження транспортної мережі, утворення транспортних заторів. Хоча виникнення заторів обумовлено багатьма факторами, значна їх кількість сконцентрована на регульованих перехрестях. Метою даної роботи є підвищення ефективності керування дорожнім рухом у місті. Особлива увага приділяється керуванню світлофорними об’єктами з використанням сучасного апарата нечіткої логіки. Розроблено структуру побудови системи керування дорожнім рухом в місті. Виділено підсистеми реєстрації дорожнього руху, світлофорного регулювання, керування зовнішнім освітленням. В такому випадку система легко модернізується і масштабується. Проведено дослідження транспортного потоку. Побудовано математичну модель нечіткого логічного виведення для гнучкого регулювання тривалості фаз двохфазного світлофорного об’єкта.
In recent years, the intensive increase of vehicles in the cities of Ukraine has led to significant overload of the transport network and formation of traffic jams. Although congestion is caused by many factors, many of them are concentrated at controlled intersections. The purpose of this work is to improve the efficiency of road traffic control in the city. Special attention is paid to the management of traffic light objects using modern apparatus of indistinct logic. The structure of construction of traffic management system in the city has been developed. The subsystems of traffic registration, traffic lights, outdoor lighting control have been highlighted. In this case, the system is easily upgraded and scalable. The study of traffic flow was conducted. The mathematical model of fuzzy inference system for flexible phase duration control of two-phase traffic light object was constructed.
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2

Горбань, А. С., та О. С. Кметюк. "Розробка системи автоматизації світлофорного регулювання". Thesis, ВНТУ, 2016. http://conferences.vntu.edu.ua/index.php/all-feeem/all-feeem-2016/paper/view/334.

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Анотація:
Запропонована адаптивна система керування дорожнім рухом за критерієм мінімальної транспортної затримки з комбінованим керуванням інтенсивністю транспортного потоку
The proposed adaptive traffic control system by the criterion of minimal transport delay with combined intensity control traffic flow.
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Книги з теми "Traffic light regulation"

1

Taylor, Michael. Red light, green light. North Mankato: Rourke Educational Media, 2018.

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2

Basic licence driver's handbook including information on cars and light trucks. [Edmonton]: Alberta Infrastructure and Transportation, 2005.

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3

Ali, Kamyab, Iowa. Dept. of Transportation., and Iowa State University. Center for Transportation Research and Education., eds. Red light running in Iowa: The scope, impact, and possible implications. Ames, Iowa: Center for Transportation Research and Education, Iowa State University, 2000.

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Частини книг з теми "Traffic light regulation"

1

Alonso, Javier, Jorge Godoy, Roberto Sanz, Enrique Onieva, Vicente Milanés, Jorge Villagrá, Carlos González, Teresa de Pedro, and Ricardo García. "Traffic Light Intelligent Regulation Using Infrastructure Located Sensors." In Computer Aided Systems Theory – EUROCAST 2011, 398–403. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27579-1_51.

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2

Lučić, Sonja. "NUTRI SCORE: PROŠIRENO OZNAČAVANjENUTRITIVNE VREDNOSTI HRANE." In USKLAĐIVANjE pravnog sistema Srbije sa standardima Evropske unije: Knj.9, 581–94. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/upssix.581l.

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EU Regulation no. 1169/2011 contains rules for informing consumers, thus giving them access to basic information, such as a declaration of the nutritional value of the product or a list of ingredients. In order to facilitate the understanding of this information, other forms of expression and presentation or voluntary information may be provided, in addition to the mandatory nutrition declaration in accordance with Articles 35 to 37 of this Regulation. In that sense, the French Ministry of Health has created the „Nutri Score“ label. „Nutri Score“ is a system for marking the nutritional profile of food on the front of the packaging with the letters and colors of traffic lights. Although this logo has been used for years in some EU member states, such as France, Belgium and Spain, the preconditions for the legal use of this model of nutrition labeling were first created in Germany with the adoption of the Regulation on Amendments to Food Information. The paper will first provide an overview of the functioning of the „Nutri Score“ label. In the continuation of the paper, the author will deal with various legal issues - especially the issues of application of trademarks and regulations on fair trade.
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3

P., Dhivya. "A Study on Self-Regulating Traffic Light Control Using RFID and Machine Learning Algorithm." In Applications of Big Data in Large- and Small-Scale Systems, 206–12. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6673-2.ch013.

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Traffic control light frameworks are generally used to control and screen the stream of cars through the intersection of numerous streets. As the quantity of street clients always increments and assets gave are constrained, savvy activity flag controller is an exceptionally real prerequisite. One disadvantage of customary methodologies for movement administration is that they don't consider the distinctive valuations of holding up time lessening of the drivers. This chapter proposed another component for versatile activity control utilizing machine learning. In the proposed framework, the authors are utilizing picture sensor in the LED publication which catches the pictures of streets in every one of the bearings and returns the number of head checks of the vehicles to a machine learning calculation. The machine learning calculation is intended to take in the rush hour gridlock thickness without anyone else with first caught picture and consider reference. In this manner, the proposed activity control framework will be an exceptional technique for self-learning and security improving.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Traffic light regulation"

1

S.A.C, Madhusanka, Rathnayake K.K.H.M, and Mahaliyanaarachchi R. P. "Impact of Traffic Light Food Labelling on Consumer Awareness of Health and Healthy Choices of the Pointof-Purchase." In 2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Safety. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/agrofood.2021.1001.

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Sri Lanka introduced colour coding for sugar, salt & fat regulations, which was enforced from the 1st of June 2019. It is the latest food labelling regulation in Sri Lanka. Over the years of consumer studies, even though few studies have studied the impact of food labels on consumer purchase decisions, there is not enough evidence on traffic light food labelling system and its impact on health and healthy choices of the point-of-purchase. Hence, this research study on the impact of colour coding regulation on consumer’s buying decisions with special reference to Western Province, Sri Lanka. The purpose of this research was to study the influence of colour code label system on consumer’s buying decisions and analyse the consumer’s knowledge of the traffic light food labelling system. A purposely developed online questionnaire was administered to 200 randomly selected samples in Western Province in Sri Lanka. The questionnaire had three separate parts. The first part of the questionnaire sought information on the socio-demographic profile of the respondent. The second part had few questions on basic knowledge and behavioural aspect of traffic light food labelling system. The third part of the questionnaire was questioned about further improvements in the traffic light food label from the consumers’ perspective. IBM SPSS version 21 software was used for analysing collected data with frequency analysis and Friedman test. Results revealed that most of the consumers refer to the price label instead of other labels. Also, they are not giving special attention to traffic light food labels at the point-of-purchase. Among the consumers who considered traffic light food labelling system at the point-of-purchase, most respondents had a clear idea about different colour codes and would like to consume food products with a low level of sugar, salt, and fat. Further, a fair number of respondents suggested enlarging the size of the existing colour codes of the traffic light food labelling system. Based on the results obtained, it can be observed that still Sri Lankan consumers are not significantly considered traffic light food labels at the point-of-purchase, and they are limited to seek the price tag at the point-of-purchase. Further, the findings of this study will act as a guide for food regulators when assessing the outcome of the new food labelling regulation of Sri Lanka.
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2

Yingxin, Zhu, He Jianwen, and Wang Zhuoer. "Bat-based algorithm for intelligent regulation of traffic light eco-intersection design." In 2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Image Processing, Electronics and Computers (IPEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipec51340.2021.9421308.

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3

Fu, Chuan-yun, Yi-zhou Zhu, Bing-mei Jia, and Tao-rang Xu. "Evaluating the Intervention Effectiveness of a New Traffic Regulation on Red-Light Running by Vehicle Type." In 18th COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481523.133.

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4

Walukow, Stephy Beatrix, Fanny Jouke Doringin, Ronny Evert Katuuk, and Alfrets Septy Wauran. "Regulation of the Real Time Traffic Light at Teling Intersection in Manado City by using Fuzzy Logic and ANFIS." In 2018 International Conference on Applied Science and Technology (iCAST). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icast1.2018.8751608.

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5

Cutolo, Alfredo, Rosanna Manzo, Luigi Rarità, George Maroulis, and Theodore E. Simos. "Regulation of Traffic Lights at Road Junctions." In COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: Advances in Computational Science: Lectures presented at the International Conference on Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 2008 (ICCMSE 2008). AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3225388.

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6

Valentinovič, Larisa, and Henrikas Sivilevičius. "Development of the Train Traffic Regulation Method for “Rail Baltica” Line Based on the Implementation of the European Train Traffic Control Systems." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.154.

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This article focuses on analyzing the systems and methods used for the interval regulation of train movement on “Rail Baltica” line in “Lithuanian Railways”. The method discussed in the article can be viewed as a combination of several management automation solutions and it is based on the implementation of the European Railway Traffic Management System (ERTMS). As it is known, the ERTMS provides an interoperable European railway network. The primary objective is to improve the quality of train traffic and to make railway transport safer and more comfortable. In order to ensure new traffic prevision for Lithuanian Railways, new interval regulation methods and traction calculations must be used. This developed method is more useful than the previous methods as it allows to shape an efficiently automated and optimized scheduling process as well as to improve line capacity and efficiency. This paper proposes the development of a moving block train control system. The calculations were made using the intervals between trains. The interval and block-section borders are not fixed by traffic signs or traffic-lights. Instead, they move after the train in the front, creating a flexible interval regulation system. The results showed that the implementation of the method had a positive impact on the operators’ performance and allowed to reduce energy consumption and to increase the speeds of train movement. The paper also presents a statistical figure portraying railway accidents and railway operation accident reports before and after the implementation of the ERTMS. The results of the analysis showed that the implementation of the European Train Traffic control systems and the interval regulation of train movement method will provide high throughput and carrying capacity, traffic safety and also increase the productivity of operation procedures.
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Huang, Yihu, Yanan Yu, and Zhiqiang Guo. "Research on Intelligent Timing and Flow Regulation of Traffic Lights." In 2021 IEEE 5th Information Technology,Networking,Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itnec52019.2021.9587309.

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8

Lammer, Stefan, and Martin Treiber. "Self-Healing Networks - Gridlock Prevention with Capacity Regulating Traffic Lights." In 2012 IEEE Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops (SASOW). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sasow.2012.19.

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9

Praticò, Filippo G., and Paolo G. Briante. "Particulate Matter from Non-exhaust Sources." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.622.

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Air pollution is an important issue worldwide. Solid components in air (particulate matter, PM) originate from a variety of natural or anthropogenic sources and have different morphological, physical, and chemical properties. Their presence in the air also depends on meteorological conditions, such as humidity, rainfall, and wind speed. PM pollution has adverse effects on environment and human health. Therefore, it is very important to address sources and processes involved in PM generation. Among the existing sources, a special attention must be paid to PM emissions from road traffic, i.e., exhaust sources (e.g., fuel combustion) and non-exhaust sources (e.g., road, tyre, brakes). These traffic-related sources contribute to PM concentrations in cities, and this calls for research into new possible systems and/or mitigation measures. In light of the facts above, the objectives of this study are 1) To evaluate the contribution to PM emission from traffic-related sources. 2) To evaluate existing mitigation measures and to identify new ones to reduce PM production. First results show that: 1) Non-exhaust sources have a different role in PM generation and they differently affect PM10, PM2.5, and PM0.1. 2) Even if emissions-related regulations have led to reductions in exhaust emissions from road traffic, other mitigation measures could reduce the non-exhaust part of emissions (e.g., brakes wear, road wear, and tyre wear). 3) New technologies could be developed to reduce PM from non-exhaust sources.
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Matsuyama, Ryusuke, Masayoshi Kobayashi, Hideki Ogata, Atsushi Horikawa, and Yasuhiro Kinoshita. "Development of a Lean Staged Combustor for Small Aero-Engines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68272.

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As the amount of air traffic is rapidly increasing, the local air quality around airports and the global climate change are two major concerns. Under the circumstances, the regulation for NOx emission becomes more stringent year after year. Lean burn technology is one of the key technologies for the next generation civil aircraft engines. Kawasaki Heavy Industries (KHI) has been developing a Lean Pre-mixed Pre-vaporized (LPP) combustor for around 10,000 lb thrust class engine under the project of Environmentally Compatible Aircraft Engines for Small Aircraft (ECO)[1] led by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) and Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI). In this paper the results of the LPP combustor development about reducing NOx emissions is presented. The LPP burner main premixed duct is designed to have better mixing fuel and air. KHI have achieved 30%CAEP4 NOx without deterioration of the other combustor performance. In general altitude relight would be one of the weak points for LPP combustion system. Successful lights were confirmed up to 30kft altitude condition in the multi sector rig, which is as good as that of the conventional combustors. Several LPP burners have been developed through CFD results. The burners have been spray-tested and combustion-tested in a single burner test rig in order to improve the burner potential. The burners selected in the single sector tests have been evaluated in a multi sector combustor rig with several combustor configurations. This paper describes the multi sector test results together with the brief introduction on burner development activities through burner tests.
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