Дисертації з теми "Traffic and highway engineering"
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Seshadri, Srikanth R. "Traffic noise analysis at highway underpasses." Ohio : Ohio University, 1998. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1176399213.
Повний текст джерелаYu, Tungsheng. "Traffic flow modeling in highway networks." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12232009-020154/.
Повний текст джерелаLjumanovic, Lea. "Low cost passive dampers for highway traffic signs." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/702.
Повний текст джерелаClum, Craig M. "Highway traffic noise barrier overlap gap model." Ohio : Ohio University, 1997. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1177442958.
Повний текст джерелаAllström, Andreas. "Highway Traffic State Estimation and Short-term Prediction." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-128617.
Повний текст джерелаSheu, Hsin-Teng. "A coordinated decentralized flow and routing control algorithm for an automated highway system /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148758564557836.
Повний текст джерелаLeotsarakos, Christos. "A comparative statistical analysis of traffic accidents in highway construction zones." Connect to resource, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1260541199.
Повний текст джерелаPhan, Thao Kim. "A model-based dynamic toll pricing strategy for controlling highway traffic." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101488.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 40-42).
A model-based approach to dynamic toll pricing has been developed to provide a systematic method for determining optimal freeway pricing schemes. A novel approach is suggested for alleviating traffic congestion, which utilizes identified models of driver behavior and traffic flow, as well as optimization of the target density to maximize throughput. Real-time traffic information from on-road sensors is integrated with historical information to provide feedback and preview for the dynamic toll price controller. The algorithm developed here provides an opportunity to improve on existing toll policy by guaranteeing minimum speeds for toll lane drivers, maintaining consistent traffic flow for the other drivers, and optimizing the overall traffic throughput.
by Thao Kim Phan.
S.M.
Sim, Samuel Wook. "An initial investigation for a monitoring program for the safety performance of design exceptions in Georgia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45815.
Повний текст джерелаFu, Ting. "Effects of adverse winter weather conditions on highway traffic and driver behavior." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123259.
Повний текст джерелаLa thèse présente l'impact des conditions météorologiques hivernales défavorables sur les comportements des conducteurs de la route à l'aide de données microscopiques de détecteurs de mouvement et des caméras vidéo (e.g., la vitesse horaire moyenne, les trajectoires, les changements de voie, des mesures de temps à la collision) La thèse est composée de deux sections principaux, en plus de l'introduction: i) les effets directs et décalés des conditions météorologiques défavorables sur la vitesse et le volume horaire; et ii) l'effet direct des conditions météorologiques défavorables sur le comportement microscopique des conducteurs mesurées au niveau du véhicule à l'aide de données vidéo.La première partie de la thèse propose une revue de la littérature sur le sujet. La deuxième partie examine les effets directs et décalés des conditions météorologiques hivernales défavorables sur la vitesse opérationnelle dans un certain nombre de segments de la route en Ontario en utilisant une approche de séries chronologiques. Ceci est complété par l'analyse des volumes de trafic horaires dans la région de Montréal, au Canada, en utilisant également les données de détecteurs de boucles magnétiques. Pour modéliser la vitesse, l'effet des conditions météorologiques défavorables a été étudié en utilisant des données provenant de plusieurs sites, dont deux autoroutes urbaines et rurales. Les jours de semaine et les week-ends ont été considérés séparément. Certaines études antérieures ont examiné l'effet de tempêtes de neige sur les paramètres de trafic, mais peu a été fait en ce qui concerne les effets d'entraînement (effets différés) que les conditions météorologiques défavorables peuvent avoir sur la demande de voyage et sur les modèles de trafic. Dans cette étude, les techniques de régression chronologique - en particulier les modèles autorégressives moyennes mobiles intégré (ARIMA) - ont été utilisées pour modéliser la vitesse opérationnelle de l'autoroute. A partir des résultats, on peut déduire que les tempêtes de neige ont un effet statistiquement significatif sur la vitesse. Les effets décalés sont toutefois compensés par la durée et l'intensité des opérations d'entretien hivernal pendant et après l'événement. L'effet de la météo varie aussi en fonction du type de site (urbain ou rural) et le jour de la semaine. Les résultats de cette étude peuvent être appliqués pour quantifier l'effet de la mobilité des conditions météorologiques et les avantages de l'entretien des routes en hiver. De même, les effets des différentes variables météorologiques, y compris leurs effets décalés ont été analysés à l'aide des données de volume de trafic. Malgré que l'information de l'état de surface de la route n'était pas disponible, cette analyse est conforme aux financements antérieurs, montrant également l'utilité des approches ARIMA sur le volume de la route. Au cours des dernières années, le comportement du conducteur en utilisant des données microscopique (niveau du véhicule) est un sujet qui attire plus d'attention à l'analyse de la sécurité routière. Cette popularité a entraîné des recherches sur de nombreux techniques novatrices et le développement de mesures microscopiques utilisées pour quantifier et analyser le comportement du conducteur. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, une méthode est démontrée pour analyser le comportement du conducteur en utilisant l'approche de données vidéo. Cette thèse présente à la fois une démarche manuel et une méthode informatique automatisée pour analyser le comportement du conducteur. Les méthodes manuel et automatique sont utilisées sur 15 enregistrements vidéo obtenus à trois endroits différents sur le Don Valley Parkway (DVP) à Toronto, en Ontario. Les résultats démontrent l'efficacité de la méthode automatisée pour analyser le comportement du conducteur, ainsi que dans l'évaluation de l'impact des conditions météorologiques hivernales défavorables sur le comportement des conducteurs.
Freckleton, Derek Rulon. "Traffic Operations Analysis of Merging Strategies for Vehicles in an Automated Electric Transportation System." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1418.
Повний текст джерелаBrunot, Douglas Clair. "SPECIFICATION RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STRUCTURAL SUPPORTS FOR HIGHWAY SIGNS, LUMINAIRES AND TRAFFIC SIGNALS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1145887924.
Повний текст джерелаZhou, Dingshan Sam. "An integrated traffic incident detection model /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992952.
Повний текст джерелаMahmood, Shah. "Investigating Interchange Traffic and Commercial Development at Rural Interstate Highway Exits." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1469491271.
Повний текст джерелаDawkins, Janine Marie. "Analysis of stop-controlled intersections in the Caribbean : a case study of Kingston, Jamaica." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21524.
Повний текст джерелаSomers, Julia Marie. "Macroscopic Coupling Conditions with Partial Blocking for Highway Ramps." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/326572.
Повний текст джерелаM.S.
We consider the Lighthill-Whitman-Richards traffic model on a network consisting of a highway with an off ramp, connected by a junction. We compare the known coupling conditions for the evolution of traffic at the junction and suggest a novel improvement to the existing conditions. That is, we resolve the spurious effects that arise in standard models, namely clogging of the main highway and vehicle destination changes. We achieve this by tracking vehicle density buildup in the form of a queue, which is modeled by an ODE. We define the solution to the Riemann problem at the junction using the supply and demand functions. The numerical approximation is carried out using a modified Godunov scheme, adjusted to take into account the effects of an emptying queue. Exact and numerical comparisons of the model with existing models verify that the number of vehicles who wish to exit are preserved and the nonphysical clogging of the main highway does not occur.
Temple University--Theses
Krechowiecki-Shaw, Christopher Jan. "Evolution and remediation of ground failure risk for temporary roads carrying cyclic heavy haul traffic." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8087/.
Повний текст джерелаPhan, Vu Le. "Crash risk models for motorcycle-dominated traffic environment of urban roads in developing countries." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7121/.
Повний текст джерелаHamilton, Andrew. "Improving traffic movement in an urban environment." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/377283/.
Повний текст джерелаCottman, Nicholas James. "Modelling the impacts of intelligent transport systems using microscopic traffic simulation /." [St. Lucia. Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17339.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаOsra, Khalid A. "Traffic characteristics on the Jeddah-Makkah freeway, Saudi Arabia." Ohio : Ohio University, 2002. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1174931451.
Повний текст джерелаChen, Lei. "Real time traffic management in junction areas and bottleneck sections on mainline railways." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3650/.
Повний текст джерелаStahley, Laura Margot. "Design exception in-service monitoring program development." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50399.
Повний текст джерелаYoo, Kyong-Soo. "An empirical analysis of the behavior of weaving traffic in a freeway weaving section." Connect to resource, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1265732691.
Повний текст джерелаPolyviou, Polyvios. "Modelling traffic incidents to support dynamic bus fleet management for sustainable transport." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/195335/.
Повний текст джерелаAckerman, Kathryn R. "A Critical Review of the Procedure to Develop the State Highway Safety Plan." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1613961199444157.
Повний текст джерелаChuo, Kaitlin. "Evaluation of the Applicability of the Interactive Highway Safety Design Model to Safety Audit of Two-Lane Rural Highways." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2299.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAdams, David Lewis. "Integrating travel time reliability into management of highways." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 52 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459913561&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Повний текст джерелаSt-Aubin, Paul. "Traffic safety analysis for urban highway ramps and lane- change bans using accident data and video-based surrogate safety measures." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107783.
Повний текст джерелаLe but de cette étude était d'évaluer la sécurité routière à la hauteur des entrées et des sorties des autoroutes urbaines dans la région métropolitaine de Montréal. Certains sites de cette région comportent des problèmes de conception au niveau de la sécurité routière (notamment une longueur de diffusion trop courte, une visibilité d'approche insuffisante, des zones d'influences se chevauchant, etc.). Afin d'atténuer les problèmes de sécurité associés à ces caractéristiques, un traitement spécial interdisant les changements de voie (désignation technique LCGV1) a été mis en place à ces bretelles. Cette étude vise à évaluer l'efficacité du traitement à partir des données d'accidents et d'une analyse du comportement des usagers à partir des trajectoires des véhicules telles que recueillies depuis des données vidéo. Les facteurs de contrôle de l'analyse transversale comprennent la configuration des voies, la longueur de diffusion, le débit et la vitesse, le chevauchement des zones d'influences (distance des échangeurs), la largeur des voies et des accotements, les courbures horizontales et verticales, et la présence du traitement. L'analyse se fait avec dix ans de données d'accidents à plusieurs sites le long des autoroutes les plus fréquentées de Montréal. L'analyse du comportement des usagers étudie le time-to-collision (TTC) entre les trajectoires des usagers extrapolés depuis des données vidéo et elle identifie les interactions de conflit microscopiques. L'étude conclut généralement que, pour tous les sites, la présence du traitement a conduit à aucun changement appréciable des taux d'accident et que d'autres facteurs ont un effet plus important sur le taux d'accident observé, la distribution du time-to-collision, et les changements de voie. Cependent, on a constaté qu'il y avait des variations importantes de facteurs de site en site, menant à la conclusion que l'adoption d'une politique générale de traitement n'est pas justifiée. En outre, on a remarqué que le traitement avait un léger effet de migration d'accidents. Ces conclusions ont conduit à la recommandation que le traitement soit appliqué au cas par cas seulement.
Ejzenberg, Sergio. "Os veículos pesados e a segurança no projeto das curvas horizontais de rodovias e vias de trânsito rápido." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-09092009-132108/.
Повний текст джерелаThe grade effect on highway horizontal curves is notorious for traffic accidents because automobiles tend to skid and leave the road whereas commercial loaded vehicles tend to roll over. The standard criteria for the geometric design of these curves, which are considered flat, ignore the heavy vehicles propensity for rollover by relying solely on the forces of lateral friction and on the road superelevation in order to keep the vehicle in a safe trajectory. The current study has been set out in order to develop a model that will yield margins of safety to prevent skidding and rollover of heavy vehicles (semi-trailers) on horizontal descending highway curves. The model proposed in the present study is sensitive to safety variables both intrinsic and extrinsic to the vehicles, including longitudinal and transversal characteristics of the road, and vehicles trajectory variations at horizontal curves. The results of the study show that the currently adopted safety guidelines do not guarantee the safety of such articulated vehicles on grade curves with minimum radii, mostly at lower speeds curves. As a result, the proposed criteria allows the establishment of margins of safety that can be applied to regulatory speed signs on existing horizontal descending curves, and for the setting of safe design speeds for descending curves on new highways.
Lorio, Berino. "Towards a non-intrusive traffic surveillance system using digital image processing." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52589.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: With the increased focus on the use of innovative and state-of-the-art technology in Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), the need for more accurate and more detailed road traffic flow data has become apparent. Data obtained from vehicle detector loops, which merely act as vehicle presence sensors, is neither reliable nor accurate enough anymore. This type of sensor poses the problem that it has to be inserted into the road surface; temporarily obstructing traffic flows, and has to be replaced after pavement reconstruction. One of the solutions to this problem is to develop a traffic surveillance system that uses video image processing. In cities where Intelligent Transport Systems are used extensively, roadways are monitored through Closed Circuit Television Cameras (CCTV) that are closely watched by traffic control centre personnel. These cameras are mounted on posts on the roadside. These cameras can serve a dual purpose, being used for both human monitoring and as inputs to Video Image Processing Systems. In this study some of the digital image processing techniques that could be used in a traffic surveillance system were investigated. This report leads the reader through the various steps in the processing of a scene by a traffic surveillance system based on feature tracking, and discusses the pitfalls and problems that are experienced. The tracker was tested using three image sequences and the results are presented in the final chapter of this report.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Met die toenemende fokus op die gebruik van innoverende oplossings en gevorderde tegnologie in Intelligente Vervoerstelsels, het die noodsaaklikheid van akkurater en meer gedetailleerde padverkeer vloeidata duidelik geword. Data wat verkry word d.m.v. voertuig deteksie lusse, wat alleenlik voertuig teenwoordigheid/afwesigheid meet, is nie meer akkuraat of betroubaar genoeg nie. Hierdie tipe sensors het egter die nadeel dat dit in die plaveisel ingesny moet word, dus vloei tydelik kan belemmer, en moet vervang word elke keer as plaveisel rekonstruksie gedoen word. Een van die oplossings vir hierdie probleem is om 'n verkeers waarnemingstelsel te ontwikkel wat van videobeeldverwerking gebruik maak. In stede waar van uitgebreide intelligente verkeerstelsels gebruik gemaak word, word paaie gemonitor d.m.v. geslote baan televisiekameras wat op pale langs die paaie aangebring is. Personeellede van die verkeers beheer sentrum hou dan die inkomende televisiebeelde dop. Hierdie kameras kan 'n dubelle rol vervul deurdat dit vir beide menslike waarneming en as invoer in 'n video-beeldverwerking stelsel gebruik kan word. In hierdie studie was verskeie digitale beeldverwerking tegnieke wat gebruik kan word in 'n verkeers waarnemingstelsel ondersoek. Hierdie verslag lei die leser deur die verskeie stappe in die verwerking van 'n toneel deur 'n verkeers waarneming stelsel wat gebaseer is op die volg van kenmerke. Die verslag beskryf ook die slaggate en probleme wat ondervind word. Die voertuig volger was getoets deur van drie reekse beelde gebruik te maak en die resultate word weergegee in die finale hoodfstuk van hierdie verslag.
jia, jianmin. "Multi-Criteria Evaluation in Support of the Decision-Making Process in Highway Construction Projects." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3202.
Повний текст джерелаBruce, Edward L. "An enhanced methodology for quantifying Urban freeway congestion and its uses within the congestion management system." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21259.
Повний текст джерелаNi, Daiheng. "Extension and generalization of Newell's simplified theory of kinematic waves." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11112004-112805/unrestricted/ni%5Fdaiheng%5F200412%5Fphd.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLeonard, John D., Committee Chair ; Goldsman, Dave, Committee Member ; Amekudzi, Adjo, Committee Member ; Hunter, Michael, Committee Member ; Dixon, Karen, Committee Member. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Tamayo, Cascan Edgar. "Towards using microscopic traffic simulations for safety evaluation." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-243486.
Повний текст джерелаMikroskopisk trafiksimulering har blivit ett viktigt verktyg för att undersöka trafik effektivitet och trafiksäkerhet. För att producera meningsfulla resultat måste inbyggda drivrutinsbeteendemodeller noggrant kalibreras för att representera verkliga förhållanden i världen. Förutom makroskopiska relationer, såsom hastighetsdensitetsdiagrammet, bör de också på ett adekvat sätt representera den genomsnittliga risken för olyckor som uppträder på vägen. I denna avhandling presenterar jag en tvåstegs beräkningsberättigbar mångsidig kalibreringsprocess. Det första steget utför en parameterkänslighetsanalysför att bara välja parametrar med stor effekt på respektive objektiv funktioner för att hålla kalibrerings komplexiteten på en hanterbar nivå. Det andra steget använder en mångriktig genetisk algoritm som ger framsidan av Pareto optimala lösningar med hänsyn till objektivfunktionerna. Jämfört med traditionella metoder som fokuserar på endast ett mål, samtidigt som man offrar den andra, ger min metod en hög grad av realism för både trafikflöde och genomsnittlig risk.
Twagirimana, Janvier. "Establishing and applying speed-flow relationships for traffic on rural two-lane two- way highways in the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85825.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Speed-flow-density relationships are the most useful tools in the highway design and planning process. They are useful in predicting the roadway capacity, in determining the adequate level-of-service of traffic flow and in determining travel time for a given roadway. Two-lane two-way rural highways constitute the vast majority of the rural road network in South Africa. Nowadays in the Western Cape and other provinces of South Africa, the speed-flow-density relationships normally used for rural transportation studies are derived from the Highway Capacity Manual, which reflects the traffic conditions in the North American situation. Since the North American traffic conditions may be different from the South African conditions, a need to investigate speed-flow-density relationships on these highways in South Africa arises in order to justify any investment made on these roads. In this context, a video technique was used to collect traffic flow data during morning peak hours on two rural two-lane two-way highways in the Western Cape Province in order to investigate these relationships. Through the use of Adobe premiere C.S 6 software, travel time of individual vehicles and distance headways were measured and used in computation of average speed and average density. Several researchers have developed models to describe the relationships between traffic characteristics on uninterrupted flow facilities. In this study, some of these models were tested using collected data in order to investigate which model fits the data satisfactorily. Statistical methods were used to evaluate the ability of each model to predict the flow characteristics over the whole range of data. Average speed and density data were used through regression analysis to perform curve fitting and testing of these developed models. In the next stage, the model which provided a best representation of the data on each section was selected and through the application of the steady-state equation (2.1), flow-density and speed-flow relationships were established on these sections. The available data were also used to investigate the impact the observation time has on the speed-flow curve and the resulting capacity value. Finally, the developed speed-flow curves were used to determine the capacities of the study sections. These capacity values were used to determine if the shoulder usage contributes in increasing the capacity of two-lane two-way highways by comparing them to the capacity provided by HCM.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Spoed-vloei-digtheid verhoudings is baie handig in die beplanning en ontwerp van paaie. Dit kan ook gebruik word in die voorspelling van kapasiteit, diensvlak en reistyd. Twee-laan twee-rigting paaie maak die grootste deel van die Suid-Afrikaanse padnetwerk uit en vir die beplanning daarvan word van Amerikaanse spoed-vloei-digtheid verhoudings gebruik gemaak aangesien daar nog nie voorheen ‘n studie hiervan in SA gemaak is nie. Video-opnames is gebruik om verkeersvloeidata op twee paaie in die omgewing van Stellenbosch te versamel. Die reistyd en digtheid van individuele voertuie is tydens spitstye waargeneem. Die data is gebruik om te bepaal watter modelle die beste is om die spoed-vloei-digtheid verhoudings vir hierdie paaie te modelleer. Die beste modelle is dan gebruik om die kapasiteit van die paaie te bepaal en dit te vergelyk met die Amerikaanse waardes.
Bowie, Jeanne Marie. "Efficacy of Speed Monitoring Displays in Increasing Speed Limit Compliance in Highway Work Zones." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2003. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd229.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSengupta, Sudipta 1974. "Efficient and robust routing of highly variable traffic." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35532.
Повний текст джерелаIncludes bibliographical references (p. 316-324).
Many emerging applications for the Internet are characterized by highly variable traffic behavior over time that is difficult to predict. Classical approaches to network design rely on a model in which a single traffic matrix is estimated. When actual traffic does not conform to such assumptions, desired bandwidth guarantees cannot be provided to the carried traffic. Currently, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) use gross capacity over-provisioning and manual routing adaptation to avoid network congestion caused by unpredictable traffic. These lead to increased network equipment and operational costs. Development of routing infrastructures that optimize network resources while accommodating extreme traffic unpredictability in a robust and efficient manner will be one of the defining themes in the next phase of expansion of the Internet. This thesis proposes two-phase routing as a capacity efficient and robust strategy for handling highly variable traffic. The scheme allows preconfiguration of the network such that all traffic patterns permissible within the network's natural ingress-egress capacity constraints can be routed with bandwidth guarantees without requiring detection of traffic changes in real-time or reconfiguring the network in response to it.
(cont.) The scheme routes traffic in two phases -- traffic entering the network is sent from the source to a set of intermediate nodes in predetermined split ratios that depend on the intermediate nodes, and then from the intermediate nodes to the final destination. The scheme has the desirable properties of supporting static optical layer provisioning in IP-over-Optical networks and indirection in specialized service overlay models unlike previous approaches -- like direct source-destination path routing - for handling variable traffic. This thesis represents the first comprehensive study, problem formulation, and algorithm design for many aspects of two-phase routing. Our contributions can be grouped into three broad parts. First, we consider the problems of minimum cost network design and maximum throughput network routing for the scheme. We give a simple solution for minimum cost network design. For maximum throughput network routing. we design linear program.ling based and combinatorial algorithms. We show how the algorithms can handle a total cost constraint for maximum throughput two-phase routing. This can be used to solve the link capacitate version of minimum cost two-phase routing.
(cont.) We establish theoretical bounds on the resource requirements of two-phase routing under throughput and cost models with respect to the optimal scheme that is allowed to make the routing dynamically dependent on the current traffic matrix. We also generalize the traffic split ratios to depend not only on the intermediate nodes but also on source and destination of traffic and solve the corresponding optimization problems. Second, we consider making two-phase routing resilient to network failures. Two-phase routing in IP-over-Optical networks can be protected against router node failures through redistribution of traffic split ratio for the failed router node to other intermediate nodes. We propose two different schemes for provisioning the optical layer to handle router node failures. We develop linear programming formulations for both schemes and a fast combinatorial algorithm for the second scheme so as to maximize network throughput. Two-phase routing can be made resilient against link failures by protecting the first and second phase paths using pre-provisioned restoration mechanisms. We consider three such restoration mechanisms - local (link/span) restoration, K-route path restoration, and shared backup path restoration.
(cont.) We provide linear programming formulations and combinatorial algorithms for maximum throughput two-phase routing with local restoration and K-route path restoration. We show that the problem of maximum throughput two-phase routing with shared backup path restoration is JVP-hard. Assuming an approximation oracle for a certain disjoint paths problem (which we also show to be AP-hard), we design a combinatorial algorithm with provable guarantees. Third, we consider the application of two-phase routing to multi-hop Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs). These networks have recently been of much research interest due to their lowered need for wired infrastructure support and due to envisaged new applications like community wireless networks. We extend our optimization framework for maximum throughput two-phase routing in wired networks to handle routing and scheduling constraints that are peculiar to WMNs and arise from the requirement to handle radio transmit/receive diversity and the phenomenon of wireless link interference. We evaluate various aspects of two-phase routing on actual ISP topologies using the developed algorithms. For the WMN application, we use randomly generated WMN topologies for the evaluations.
by Sudipta Sengupta.
Ph.D.
Sin, Jerome Ga Nok. "Safety impact study of centerline rumble strips in Georgia." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51775.
Повний текст джерелаLin, Kai-Jui. "Influence of weather conditions on the propagation of highway noise at sites with barriers." Ohio : Ohio University, 2000. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1172598982.
Повний текст джерелаPratyaksa, Prabha. "Safety evaluation of converging chevron pavement markings." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47697.
Повний текст джерелаRoux, Jacques. "Establishing and applying speed-flow relationships for traffic on South African freeways." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52261.
Повний текст джерелаENGLISH ABSTRACT: Peak mornmg traffic-flow data were obtained from video footage of three representative freeway sections on the Nl and N2 westbound towards Cape Town. Flow, speed, and density measurements were made from the footage with the aid of a stopwatch. Many researchers (2-12) have originated and developed models to describe the relationships between traffic flow characteristics (speed, flow, and density) on freeways. In this report, a number of these models have been investigated with data obtained from South African freeways. The ability of each model to predict flow parameters over the entire range of data was evaluated with the aid of statistical methods. The tests were performed by regressing average speed vs. average density. Flow-density and speed-flow relationships were derived through application of the steady-state equation (2.6). In each case, a final model was chosen through visual inspection that consisted of two separate curves, one for the uncongested flow regime and one for the congested flow regime. Furthermore, speed-flow relationships were examined for individual lanes and compared to relationships established for average lanes. The models were also compared to models obtained from overseas studies (1,16,19) as well as from studies done locally (17). A secondary objective of this study is to investigate the performance of existing freeway facilities through application of the relevant models to the traffic-flow data of a particular facility. The current peak-morning performance of the N2 freeway section is investigated in terms of travel-time and travel cost. The particular study section consists of three lanes, the right hand lane being an HOY lane dedicated to taxis and buses. Different hypothetical cases are investigated. The first hypothetical case is an investigation into the traffic situation on the freeway section without the influence of the HOY lane. The second hypothetical case investigates the traffic situation on the section with perfect operation of the HOY lane. The current performance of the N2 section is compared to the performance of each of the hypothetical cases.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Oggend-spits verkeersvloei data is verkry vanaf drie verteenwoordigende seksies op die Nl en N2 deurpaaie naby Kaapstad met die gebruik van 'n video kamera. Vloei, spoed, end digtheid opnames is gemaak met behulp van 'n stophorlosie. Verskeie navorsers (2-12) het modelle gepostuleer en ontwikkelom die verhoudings tussen verkeersvloei eienskappe (spoed, volume, en digtheid) op deurpaaie te beskryf. In hierdie verslag word 'n aantal van hierdie modelle ondersoek met data wat verkry is van Suid-Afrikaanse deurpaaie. Die vermoë van elke model om vloei eienskappe oor die hele bestek van die data te voorspel is geëvalueer met behulp van statistiese metodes. Statistiese toetse behels 'n regressie analise van gemiddelde spoed teenoor gemiddelde digtheid. Volume-digtheid en spoed-volume verwantskappe is direk afgelei vanaf Vergelyking 2.6. Vir elke geval is 'n finale model m.b.v. visuele inspeksie gekies wat bestaan het uit twee afsonderlike kurwes, een kurwe vir die vryvloei regime en 'n ander kurwe vir hoë-digtheid toestande. Verder word spoedvolume verwantskappe vir afsonderlike deurpad-lane ondersoek en vergelyk met verwantskappe wat verkry is vir gemiddelde lane. Die modelle word ook vergelyk met modelle wat verkry is vanaf oorsese studies (1,16,19), sowel as met modelle wat plaaslik verkry is (17). 'n Sekondêre doel van hierdie studie is om die prestasie van bestaande deurpadfasiliteite te ondersoek deur die verskillende modelle aan te wend tot die verkeersvloei data van 'n betrokke fasiliteit. Die prestasie van die N2 deurpad seksie gedurende oggend-spits verkeer is ondersoek in terme van reistyd en ryskoste. Die betrokke seksie bestaan uit drie lane, waarvan die regter laan gereserveer is vir busse en taxis. Verskeie hipoteses is ook ondersoek. Die eerste hipotese is 'n ondersoek na die verkeers-vloei kondisie op die seksie sonder die invloed van die bus- en taxi-laan. Die tweede hipotese ondersoek die seksie met perfekte werking van die bus- en taxilaan. Die huidige prestasie van die N2 seksie is vergelyk met die prestasie van elk van die hipoteses.
Haldane, Mandy Jaye. "Assessing the impacts of multi-combination vehicles on traffic operation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36180/1/36180_Haldane_2002.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSundarram, Satyanarayan. "A software package for the analysis of the severity of blockage of traffic signs during daytime for drivers of cars following trucks on urban highways." Ohio : Ohio University, 1996. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178040231.
Повний текст джерелаAmaya, Segura Sebastian, and Kristofer Snarberg. "En utredning angående ett snabbt cykelstråk längs Vätterns södra strand." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40955.
Повний текст джерелаPurpose: In order to make it more attractive to use the bike as a means of transport, several cities have upgraded their bicycle tracks to bicycle highways. A bicycle highway allows cyclists to travel fast due to the qualities of the design. Several studies shows the impact of the bicycle highway considering a higher rate of bicycle usage. The aim of the thesis is to investigate a bicycle highway along the south beach of Vättern and its impact according to the objectives set by the municipality of Jönköping. A design proposal is thereafter being made, according to cyclists´ preferences and the objectives and conditions of the municipality of Jönköping, broken down into three issues:
Sulaeman, Adika Bintang. "A Highly-Available Multiple Region Multi-access Edge Computing Platform with Traffic Failover." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-285521.
Повний текст джерелаn av de största utmaningarna i Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) är attstyra trafiken från klienter till närmaste MEC instanser. Om den närmasteMEC misslyckas, bör en failover-mekanism ge begränsning genom att styratrafiken till nästa närmaste MEC. Det finns två konventionella metoder för attlösa detta problem, dvs GeoDNS och IP anycast. GeoDNS är inte failovervänligtpå grund av DNS-cache-livslängd. Dessutom kan användningen aven rekursiv upplösare felaktigt översätta IP-adressen till dess geolokalisering.Således studerar och föreslår denna avhandling en mycket tillgänglig MEC-plattform som utnyttjar IP anycast. Vi byggde ett proof-of-concept medKubernetes, MetalLB och en anpassad hälsokontroll som körs på GNS3-nätverksemulatorn. Vi mätte latens, felprocent och Mean Time To Repair(MTTR) för att observera systemets beteende. Prestationsutvärderingen avden föreslagna lösningen visar en genomsnittlig återhämtningstid som ärbättre än en sekund. Antalet misslyckade förfrågningar och latensomkostnaderväxer linjärt när failover-tiden och latensen mellan två MEC ökar. Den häravhandlingen visar effektiviteten hos IP anycast för MEC-applikationer för attstyra trafiken till närmaste MEC instans och för att förbättra elasticiteten medmindre overhead.
Wei, Zheng S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Critical enhancements of a dynamic traffic assignment model for highly congested, complex urban network." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58283.
Повний текст джерелаCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-115).
To accurately replicate the highly congested traffic situation of a complex urban network, significant challenges are posed to current simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) models. This thesis discusses these challenges and corresponding solutions with consideration of model accuracy and computational efficiency. DynaMITP, an off-line mesoscopic DTA model is enhanced. Model success is achieved by several critical enhancements aimed to better capture the traffic characteristics in urban networks. A Path-Size Logit route choice model is implemented to address the overlapping routes problem. The explicit representation of lane-groups accounts for traffic delays and queues at intersections. A modified treatment of acceptance capacity is required to deal with the large number of short links in the urban network. The network coding is revised to maintain enough loader access capacity in order to avoid artificial bottlenecks. In addition, the impacts of bicycles and pedestrians on automobile traffic is modeled by calibrating dynamic road segment capacities. The enhanced model is calibrated and applied to a case study network extracted from the city of Beijing, China. Data used in the calibration include sensor counts and floating car travel time. The improvements of the model performance are indicated by promising results from validation tests.
by Zheng Wei.
S.M.
Alkadri, Mohamed Yaser. "Freeway Control Via Ramp Metering: Development of a Basic Building Block for an On-Ramp, Discrete, Stochastic, Mesoscopic, Simulation Model within a Contextual Systems Approach." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1308.
Повний текст джерелаLim, David Eng Chung. "Investigation in to ramp queues vs. freeway queues on ramp metered freeways." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1676.
Повний текст джерелаNordén, Catharina. "Effektbelysning i trafikmiljö." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Belysningslära, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36494.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis was conducted at Jönköping University in conjunction with the lighting design education in year 2017. The study aimed at investigating the traffic environment along the high way between Värnamo and Jönköping in order to map and get an idea of how the effect lighting can be used with colored light without creating a danger to traffic. The aim was to investigate whether the effect lights showed an impact on the driver's perception of the highway, and if the colors gave a difference in the experience or created distractions. The area was relevant to investigate as effect lighting are becoming more common after the technology has become more useful and economically justifiable. For that reason effect lighting with color are becoming more common, but are believed to have an impact on traffic that we are not aware of. The thesis questions were then formulated and investigated how effect lighting on objects affects drivers' experience in traffic. As well as if effect lighting of color and neutral light affect drivers’ experience of the road differently.The field study was conducted for three nights in March at a gas station related to the route that was investigated. Participants answered questions with semantic scales where they answered how they felt and experienced the road. Some of the participants were also randomly picked and asked if they could answer any following questions in the form of an interview.The road that was investigated had seven different effect lightings, witch three of them had colored light. The results showed that the lighting on the objects caught the attention of car drivers and affected the road drivers' experience of the road. The study also showed that the drivers were affected differently by the effect lights depending on whether the lighting was of colored or neutral light. The conclusions of the survey show how the drivers in this study experienced the road between Jönköping and Värnamo. To find out how effect lighting on objects generally affect road safety, more research is required.