Статті в журналах: "Tortricid pests"

1

Kavurka, V. V. "Tortrix Moths (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) of Grafskiy Park and agrobiostation of M. Gogol Nizhyn State University (Chernigiv region, Ukraine)." Ukrainian Entomological Journal 15, no. 2 (February 3, 2019): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/281811.

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An annotated list of tortricid moths (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) of the Grafsky Park and the agrobiostation of the Nizhyn Mykola Gogol State University is given for the first time. In total, from 1987 to 2018, 95 species of 13 tribes were identified in the studied area: Tortricini – 6 species, Cochylini – 12 species, Cnephasiini – 7 species, Archipini – 12 species, Sparganothini – 1 species, Endotheniini – 4 species, Bactrini – 2 species, Olethreutini – 12 species, Lobesiini – 1 species, Enarmoniini – 6 species, Eucosmini – 22 species and Grapholitini – 9 species. It is about 40% of the species diversity of tortricid moths of Chernihiv region known now, and about 17% of the fauna of Ukraine. The distribution and biology of the recorded species are analized. Herein 54 species of tortricid moths are recorded for Chernihiv region for the first time, 34 species (Tortrix viridana, Aleimma loeflingiana, Acleris holmiana, A. forsskaleana, Eupoecilia ambiguella, Archips podana, A. crataegana, A. xylosteana, Choristoneura diversana, Argyrotaenia ljungiana, Ptycholoma lecheana, Pandemis corylana, P. cerasana, P. heparana, Syndemis musculana, Adoxophyes orana, Apotomis betuletana, Orthotaenia undulana, Hedya salicella, H. nubiferana, H. pruniana, H. ochroleucana, Ancylis achatana, A. mitterbacheriana, Spilonota ocellana, Gibberifera simplana, Epinotia nisella, Notocelia uddmanniana, Cydia pomonella, C. pyrivora, C. fagiglandana, C. splendana, C. amplana, Grapholita funebrana) are known as pests of deciduous trees and 4 species (Piniphila bifasciana, Gravitarmata margarotana, Rhyacionia buoliana, Cydia strobilella) are known as pests of coniferous trees.

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2

Miller, William E. "Tortricid Pests: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control." American Entomologist 39, no. 1 (1993): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ae/39.1.45.

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3

Nguyen, P., M. Sykorova, J. Sichova, V. Kuta, M. Dalikova, R. Capkova Frydrychova, L. G. Neven, K. Sahara, and F. Marec. "Neo-sex chromosomes and adaptive potential in tortricid pests." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110, no. 17 (April 8, 2013): 6931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1220372110.

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4

Arn, Heinrich, Stefan Rauscher, Patrick Guerin, and Hans-Rudolf Buser. "Sex pheromone blends of three tortricid pests in European vineyards." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 21, no. 1-2 (September 1988): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(88)90143-0.

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5

Navarro-Roldán, M. A., D. Bosch, C. Gemeno, and M. Siegwart. "Enzymatic detoxification strategies for neurotoxic insecticides in adults of three tortricid pests." Bulletin of Entomological Research 110, no. 1 (June 20, 2019): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485319000415.

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AbstractWe examined the role of the most important metabolic enzyme families in the detoxification of neurotoxic insecticides on adult males and females from susceptible populations of Cydia pomonella (L.), Grapholita molesta (Busck), and Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller). The interaction between the enzyme families – carboxylesterases (EST), glutathione-S-transferases (GST), and polysubstrate monooxygenases (PSMO) – with the insecticides – chlorpyrifos, λ-cyhalothrin, and thiacloprid – was studied. Insect mortality arising from the insecticides, with the application of enzyme inhibitors – S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), diethyl maleate (DEM), and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) – was first determined. The inhibitors' influence on EST, GST, and PSMO activity was quantified. EST and PSMO (the phase-I enzymatic activities) were involved in the insecticide detoxification in the three species for both sexes, highlighting the role of EST, whereas GST (phase-II enzymes) was involved only in G. molesta insecticide detoxification. L. botrana exhibited, in general, the highest level of enzymatic activity, with a significantly higher EST activity compared with the other species. It was the only species with differences in the response between sexes, with higher GST and PSMO activity in females than in males, which can be explained as the lower susceptibility of the females to the tested insecticides. A positive correlation between PSMO activity and the thiacloprid LD50s in the different species-sex groups was observed explaining the species-specific differences in susceptibility to the product reported in a previous study.

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El-Sayed, Ashraf M., and R. M. Trimble. "Relative Attractiveness of Natural and Synthetic Pheromone of Three Tortricid Tree Fruit Pests." Environmental Entomology 31, no. 6 (December 1, 2002): 960–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-31.6.960.

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7

Polesny, F., O. Rupf, and E. Kührer. "Tortricid pests in orchards and viticulture, from basic data sampling to Internet warning service." EPPO Bulletin 30, no. 1 (March 2000): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.2000.tb00864.x.

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8

Onah, Ikechukwu Eugene, Joseph Effiong Eyo, and DeMar Taylor. "Population dynamics and distribution of exotic and native frugivorous insects of citrus in Nsukka, Nigeria." Polish Journal of Entomology 90, no. 3 - Ahead of print (September 30, 2021): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0173.

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Invasion of the exotic Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912) (Tephritidae) has drastically reduced the abundance and distribution of native Ceratitis anonae Graham, 1908 (Tephritidae) and false codling moth Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick, 1913) (Tortricidae) in Nigeria. There is an overlap in resource use among the three frugivorous insects which could result in interspecific competition. Knowledge of the population dynamics and distribution of the three frugivorous insects in the study area is lacking and such data are indispensable for effective management of the tephritid and tortricid pests. The population dynamics and distribution of the three frugivorous insects were investigated to predict the route of invasion and the outcome of interactions among the three frugivorous insects. Bactrocera dorsalis occurred in all the seven Local Government Areas (LGAs) sampled while C. anonae and T. leucotreta occurred together in two LGAs and separately in two other LGAs. The population of B. dorsalis is significantly higher than either C. anonae or T. leucotreta in the study area. The three frugivorous insects are negatively associated with one another but only the association between B. dorsalis and C. anonae was significantly different. Bactrocera dorsalis invaded the study area from southern Nigeria and C. anonae is being driven towards northern Nigeria.

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9

PASTORI, PATRIK LUIZ, CRISTIANO JOÃO ARIOLI, MARCOS BOTTON, LINO BITTENCOURT-MONTEIRO, LYNDSIE STOLTMAN, and AGENOR MAFRA-NETO. "Integrated control of two tortricid (Lepidoptera) pests in apple orchards with sex pheromones and insecticides." Revista Colombiana de Entomología 38, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v38i2.8996.

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The apple is attacked by a significant number of insect pests in Brazilian commercial orchards, including Bonagota salubricola and Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Sexual disruption of B. salubricola and G. molesta was evaluated in apple orchard using the flowable pheromone formulations, SPLAT Grafo+Bona (SG+B), SPLAT Attract and Kill Grafo+Bona (SAKG+B), and compared with the standard insecticides used for management in the Integrated Apple Production (IAP) system. Both formulations were applied at a rate of 1kg/ha on October 10, 2005 and December 13, 2005 using 300 and 1000 point sources/ha of SG+B and SAKG+B, respectively in experimental units of 7 ha. Adult male captures of B. salubricola and G. molesta were evaluated weekly in Delta traps with specific synthetic sex pheromone from October 10, 2005 to February 14, 2006. Damage to fruits was evaluated on November 21 and December 21, 2005, and January 25 and February 14, 2006. In the SPLAT treated experimental units a significant reduction was observed in the number of B. salubricola and G. molesta males caught in Delta traps compared to the experimental unit IAP. Damage by B. salubricola at harvest ranged from 1.63 to 4.75% with no differences between treatments, while damage by G. molesta was near zero in all experimental units. Mating disruption using SG+B and SAKG+B was sufficient to control B. salubricola and G. molesta with results equivalent to IAP guidelines. This technology is promising for management of both pests in Brazilian apple orchards with immediate reduction of 43% in the number of insecticide applications.

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10

Pak, Damie, David Biddinger, and Ottar N. Bjørnstad. "Local and regional climate variables driving spring phenology of tortricid pests: a 36 year study." Ecological Entomology 44, no. 3 (December 19, 2018): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/een.12712.

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11

Judd, Gary J. R., Alan L. Knight, and Ashraf M. El-Sayed. "Trapping Pandemis limitata (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) moths with mixtures of acetic acid, caterpillar-induced apple-leaf volatiles, and sex pheromone." Canadian Entomologist 149, no. 6 (September 6, 2017): 813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2017.38.

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AbstractPandemis limitata (Robinson) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is one of several leaf-feeding caterpillar pests of commercial tree-fruit crops in British Columbia, Canada. Recent discovery that European Pandemis Hübner species are attracted by lures combining acetic acid and the caterpillar-induced apple-leaf volatiles, 2-phenylethanol, and phenylacetonitrile, prompted our examination of P. limitata response to these compounds. Trapping tests in organic apple orchards revealed that neither of these individual benzenoids, nor their binary combination, was attractive. Acetic acid alone was weakly attractive, but more importantly, catches increased significantly when an acetic-acid co-lure was combined with 2-phenylethanol or phenylacetonitrile, individually and together. Catches of male and female P. limitata with acetic acid+2-phenylethanol, or acetic acid+2-phenylethanol+phenylacetonitrile were similar, respectively, and both sexes were caught significantly less often in traps baited with acetic acid+phenylacetonitrile. When combined with acetic-acid co-lures, traps baited with membrane dispensers releasing 2-phenylethanol at ~1 mg/day caught significantly more moths than traps baited with rubber septa lures releasing 2-phenylethanol at ~0.6 mg/day. Moth catches in traps baited with 2-phenylethanol were unaffected when the emission of acetic-acid co-lures was increased from ~28 to 63 mg/day. Catches of male P. limitata in traps baited with sex pheromone were significantly greater than catches in traps baited with acetic acid+2-phenylethanol, or traps baited with a ternary blend of acetic acid+2-phenylethanol+sex pheromone. Catches of female P. limitata in traps baited with acetic acid+2-phenylethanol were significantly reduced when it was combined with sex pheromone. Use of the ternary acetic acid+2-phenylethanol+phenylacetonitrile blend provides an opportunity to develop multispecies bisexual trapping systems to improve management of sympatric tortricid pests currently causing economic losses in organic apples in British Columbia. More work on long-lasting release devices, nonsaturating traps, and organically acceptable killing agents are needed to develop organic mass-trapping systems.

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Knight, A. L., R. Hilton, E. Basoalto, and L. L. Stelinski. "Use of Glacial Acetic Acid to Enhance Bisexual Monitoring of Tortricid Pests With Kairomone Lures in Pome Fruits." Environmental Entomology 43, no. 6 (December 1, 2014): 1628–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/en14153.

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13

Lacey, L. A., P. V. Vail, and D. F. Hoffmann. "Comparative activity of baculoviruses against the codling moth Cydia pomonella and three other tortricid pests of tree fruit." Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 80, no. 1 (May 2002): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2011(02)00036-8.

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14

Amano, Takayuki, and Yuichi Higo. "A convenient diagnostic polymerase chain reaction method for identifying codling moth Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) among tortricid pests in cherries imported from western North America." Applied Entomology and Zoology 50, no. 4 (July 30, 2015): 549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13355-015-0360-9.

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15

Myers, Clayton T., and Larry A. Hull. "Insect Growth Regulator Impact on Fecundity and Fertility of Adult Tufted Apple Bud Moth, Platynota idaeusalis Walker." Journal of Entomological Science 38, no. 3 (July 1, 2003): 420–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-38.3.420.

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The tufted apple bud moth, Platynota idaeusalis Walker, is a major pest of apples in the eastern United States. Resistance to conventional insecticide chemistries has made this pest difficult to control. The insect growth regulators (IGRs) tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide, which are target-specific to lepidopteran pests, have been shown to have high efficacy against P. idaeusalis larvae. These compounds are known to affect adult moths in related tortricid species, but the effects of exposure on adult P. idaeusalis are unknown. This study investigated the effects of adult exposure on the fecundity and fertility of P. idaeusalis. Both tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide significantly reduced the fecundity and fertility of female P. idaeusalis adults that were exposed to dry films of formulated IGR residue. Female fecundity and fertility also were reduced when untreated or treated females mated with treated males. Contrary to other related studies, there was no difference in fecundity/fertility reduction efficacy between tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide. Thus, because tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide have reproductive activity against adults, such compounds may bring significant benefits to integrated pest management (IPM) of tree fruits.

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Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar, Andrea Wanumen, Jordano Salamanca, Robert Holdcraft, and Vera Kyryczenko-Roth. "Toxicity of Insecticides on Various Life Stages of Two Tortricid Pests of Cranberries and on a Non-Target Predator." Insects 7, no. 2 (April 15, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects7020015.

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Schulthess, F., K. F. Cardwell, and S. Gounou. "The Effect of Endophytic Fusarium verticillioides on Infestation of Two Maize Varieties by Lepidopterous Stemborers and Coleopteran Grain Feeders." Phytopathology® 92, no. 2 (February 2002): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2002.92.2.120.

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A series of experiments were conducted to test the effect of the presence of Fusarium verticillioides in the maize plant on subsequent infestation by coleopteran and lepidopteran pests. The effect of percent internodes 1 to 5 infected with F. verticillioides, time after planting, and maize variety on attacks of stem and ears by lepidopterous and coleopteran pests was assessed in field experiments in early and late season 1998 and early season 1999 in Benin Republic. Artificial inoculation of the first internode with fungal-treated toothpicks was compared with a hot-water-fungicide seed treatment and a control. In 1998, two varieties that differed in husk tightness, the improved DMRLSR-W and the local Gbogbe, were used. Percentage of node 1 to 5 and plants infected was highest with the inoculation treatment but tended to be similar in the seed treatment and the control. The infection rate tended to increase with time and, within sampling date, decreased with node level. Ear infection was strongly correlated with percent infected nodes, indicating that F. verticillioides in the stem predisposed kernel infection. F. verticillioides incidence was higher in Gbogbe than in DMRLSR-W. Stem and ear infestations by the pyralid Eldana saccharina, the major pest in the area, tended to be highest in inoculation and lowest in the protection treatment. The same trends were found for the pyralid Chilo spp., the tortricid Cryptophlebia leucotreta, and beetles pooled across species. Significant positive correlations were found between ear/stem F. verticillioides infection and E. saccharina, Cryptophlebia leucotreta, Mussidia nigrivenella, and the noctuid Sesamia calamistis, but the latter three pest species were only significantly correlated with fungal infection of the upper nodes of the plant. Similar to disease incidence, E. saccharina numbers in stem and ear were higher in Gbogbe than DMRLSR-W in late 1998, whereas for the pyralid ear feeder M. nigrivenella, it was reversed. It was suggested that some lepidopterous and coleopteran pests are attracted by and survive longer (or have lower mortality) on plants infected with F. verticillioides.

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Navarro-Roldán, Miguel A., Jesús Avilla, Dolors Bosch, Joan Valls, and César Gemeno. "Comparative Effect of Three Neurotoxic Insecticides With Different Modes of Action on Adult Males and Females of Three Tortricid Moth Pests." Journal of Economic Entomology 110, no. 4 (April 11, 2017): 1740–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox113.

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Thrimawithana, Amali H., Chen Wu, John T. Christeller, Robert M. Simpson, Elena Hilario, Leah K. Tooman, Doreen Begum, et al. "The Genomics and Population Genomics of the Light Brown Apple Moth, Epiphyas postvittana, an Invasive Tortricid Pest of Horticulture." Insects 13, no. 3 (March 7, 2022): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13030264.

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The light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana is an invasive, polyphagous pest of horticultural systems around the world. With origins in Australia, the pest has subsequently spread to New Zealand, Hawaii, California and Europe, where it has been found on over 500 plants, including many horticultural crops. We have produced a genomic resource, to understand the biological basis of the polyphagous and invasive nature of this and other lepidopteran pests. The assembled genome sequence encompassed 598 Mb and has an N50 of 301.17 kb, with a BUSCO completion rate of 97.9%. Epiphyas postvittana has 34% of its assembled genome represented as repetitive sequences, with the majority of the known elements made up of longer DNA transposable elements (14.07 Mb) and retrotransposons (LINE 17.83 Mb). Of the 31,389 predicted genes, 28,714 (91.5%) were assigned to 11,438 orthogroups across the Lepidoptera, of which 945 were specific to E. postvittana. Twenty gene families showed significant expansions in E. postvittana, including some likely to have a role in its pest status, such as cytochrome p450s, glutathione-S-transferases and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Finally, using a RAD-tag approach, we investigated the population genomics of this pest, looking at its likely patterns of invasion.

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Tuck, Kevin R. "Tortricid pests: their biology, natural enemies and control. Edited by L.P.S. van der Geest and H.H. Evenhuis. In World Crop Pests Volume 5. Editor-in-Chief W. Helle. xviii + 808 pp. (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991) Hard cover US$ 268.50, Dfl. 470.00. ISBN 0-444-88000-3." Bulletin of Entomological Research 82, no. 2 (June 1992): 290–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300051889.

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Komblas, Κ. Ν., P. Tsakonas, M. Lysandrou, and Τ. Κ. Elia. "Control of insect pests on fruit and field crops with hexaflumuron in North Greece." ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 7 (May 31, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eh.13967.

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Experiments with hexaflumuron have been made against pests on apples, pears, peaches, potatoes and maize. On apples a predefined spray program was used for the combined control of Cydia pomonella (L) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Phyllonorycter blancardella. (Fabr.) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), P. corylifoliella (Hbn) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), Leucoptera scitella (Zell.) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) and Adoxophyes orana (F.v. Roslerstamm) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Sprays started when C. pomonella adults appeared and were continued every 2, 3 and 4 weeks. Against Cacopsylla pyri L. (Homoptera: Psyllidae), Anarsia lineatella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and Grapholitha molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), trials were made to define efficacy and timing, while trials on Leptinotarsa decendineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were only for efficacy. Hexaflumuron promised to be an excellent insecticide since it was at least as good as organophosphate standards, amitraz and the benzoylphenyl ureas (BPU) tested. With fewer sprays it gave seasonal and combined control on apple pests. It is a new BPU insecticide with low mammalian toxicity and fits IPM programs, since its toxicity to predators and parasites is low. Hexaflumuron had no effect on adults of the predator Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinelidae) in the potato trial. Sprays must start at the beginning of the oviposition of fruit damaging pests and at the egg or early larva-nymph stage of the foliage damaging pests. The spray must fully cover fruit and foliage.

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Holmes, Stephen B., and Chris J. K. MacQuarrie. "Chemical control in forest pest management." Canadian Entomologist 148, S1 (January 25, 2016): S270—S295. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2015.71.

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AbstractChemical insecticides have been an important tool in the management of forest insect pests in Canadian forests. Aerial application of insecticides began in the 1920s and expanded greatly after World War II with the widespread adoption of DDT primarily for the suppression of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and other defoliating insects. Significant progress was made in the development of new chemical insecticides and formulations including fenitrothion and tebufenozide, as well as technology for the application of insecticides against various insect pests. However, widespread opposition to the use of chemical insecticides in forest management has led to significant reductions in the number of insecticides registered for use in Canadian forests. Developments in the past 20 years have focussed on new insecticides, formulations, and technologies that seek to limit the impacts on non-target organisms and subsequent ecosystem effects. These developments have resulted in significant improvements in the management of traditional management targets, such as the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens); Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) but also the management of invasive species, especially wood-boring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Cerambycidae).

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Hansen, James D. "Ultrasound Treatments to Control Surface Pests of Fruit." HortTechnology 11, no. 2 (January 2001): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.11.2.186.

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Durations of ultrasound treatments were evaluated for efficacy in removing or destroying external pests of apples (Malus sylvestris var domestica). Egg hatch of codling moth (Cydia pomonella; Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), was inversely related to time of ultrasound exposure, although egg mortality was less than 60% after 45 min of treatment. Mortality of twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae; Acari: Tetranychidae), and western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis; Thysanoptera: Thripidae), was directly related to ultrasound durations; adding detergent to the ultrasound bath increased treatment efficacy. Ultrasound did not remove san jose scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus; Homoptera: Diaspididae), from the fruit surface. Ultrasound, which can be incorporated in the packing line, shows promise as a postharvest phytosanitation treatment against external pests.

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Schulthess, F., N. A. Bosque-Pérez, and S. Gounou. "Sampling lepidopterous pests on maize in West Africa." Bulletin of Entomological Research 81, no. 3 (September 1991): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300033575.

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AbstractThe spatial distribution of five lepidopterous pests, Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Noctuidae), Eldana saccharina Walker (Pyralidae), Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Noctuidae), Mussidia nigrivenella (Ragonot) (Pyralidae), and Cryptophlebia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Tortricidae), on maize in West Africa is described using Taylor's power law and the relationship of proportion of infested plants to the mean density. All five species showed a highly aggregated distribution, with Taylor's indices of aggregation ranging between 1.23 for C. leucotreta and 1.52 for Sesamia calamistis. Enumerative and binomial sampling plans that incorporate Taylor's power law are proposed to estimate mean densities of S. calamistis, C. leucotreta and the species complex consisting of E. saccharina, M. nigrivenella and Spodoptera exempta which showed similar spatial distributions, with a predefined reliability level.

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Balduque-Gil, Joaquín, Francisco J. Lacueva-Pérez, Gorka Labata-Lezaun, Rafael del-Hoyo-Alonso, Sergio Ilarri, Eva Sánchez-Hernández, Pablo Martín-Ramos, and Juan J. Barriuso-Vargas. "Big Data and Machine Learning to Improve European Grapevine Moth (Lobesia botrana) Predictions." Plants 12, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030633.

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Machine Learning (ML) techniques can be used to convert Big Data into valuable information for agri-environmental applications, such as predictive pest modeling. Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) 1775 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is one of the main pests of grapevine, causing high productivity losses in some vineyards worldwide. This work focuses on the optimization of the Touzeau model, a classical correlation model between temperature and L. botrana development using data-driven models. Data collected from field observations were combined with 30 GB of registered weather data updated every 30 min to train the ML models and make predictions on this pest’s flights, as well as to assess the accuracy of both Touzeau and ML models. The results obtained highlight a much higher F1 score of the ML models in comparison with the Touzeau model. The best-performing model was an artificial neural network of four layers, which considered several variables together and not only the temperature, taking advantage of the ability of ML models to find relationships in nonlinear systems. Despite the room for improvement of artificial intelligence-based models, the process and results presented herein highlight the benefits of ML applied to agricultural pest management strategies.

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Akotsen-Mensah, C., B. Blaauw, B. Short, T. C. Leskey, J. C. Bergh, D. Polk, and A. L. Nielsen. "Using IPM-CPR as a Management Program for Apple Orchards." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 4 (May 24, 2020): 1894–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa087.

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Abstract We have demonstrated how management of key orchard pests including the insect invasive species Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) can be accomplished using a systems-level approach termed IPM-CPR (Integrated Pest Management-Crop Perimeter Restructuring) in apple. We conducted on-farm comparisons of IPM-CPR to standard management program for managing H. halys, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois (Hemiptera: Miridae) in commercial apple orchards in 2014, 2016, and 2017 in New Jersey, Maryland, and Virginia. The presence and abundance of key pests and fruit injury at harvest were used as a measure of success of the program. We compared the amount of insecticide applied for each management program. In majority of instances, there were no differences in the IPM-CPR and the standard management program in terms of H. halys numbers in baited pyramid traps and stink bug injury at harvest. Damage from C. pomonella and G. molesta in the IPM-CPR treatment was significantly lower than the standard management program in 2014 and 2017. Amount of active ingredient used was on average 62.1% lower in the IPM-CPR treatment compared with standard management program. Despite a reduction in insecticide use, there were minimal impacts on beneficial insects. Overall, IPM-CPR in apples successfully managed key orchard pests, including H. halys, and used significantly less insecticide than a standard insecticide-based management program and could be adopted as a systems-level approach for pest population reduction.

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Sauphanor, B., A. Cuany, J. C. Bouvier, V. Brosse, M. Amichot, and J. B. Bergé. "Mechanism of Resistance to Deltamethrin inCydia pomonella(L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)." Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 58, no. 2 (June 1997): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pest.1997.2291.

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Yaman, Mustafa, Ömer Ertürk, Sabri Ünal, and Fazil Selek. "Isolation and identification of bacteria from four important poplar pests." Revista Colombiana de Entomología 43, no. 1 (July 30, 2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/socolen.v43i1.6644.

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Анотація:

In this study, the bacterial flora of important poplar pests was studied. This included Cryptorhynchus lapathi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Sciapteron tabaniformis (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), Nycteola asiatica (Lepidoptera: Nolidae) and Gypsonoma dealbana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). The final goal was to propose alternative ecological control agents for poplar pests and decrease the undesirable effects caused by chemical pesticides in urban areas and urban forests. Forty-three bacteria were isolated from the larvae and adults exhibiting characteristic disease symptoms of these pests in five different localities for the first time. All bacterial isolates were cultured and identified using VITEK bacterial identification systems (VITEK® 2 GN ID card prod. no; 21341 and VITEK® 2 GP ID card prod. no; 21342, bioMerieux, Marcy l’Etoile). The members of the genera from Bacillaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families were most commonly isolated from both pest insects.

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Prahodsky, Sergei, Valery Kaplich, and Dmitry Voitka. "Protection of Scots Pine Planting Stock and Forest Plantations against Diseases and Pests in Belarus." Folia Forestalia Polonica 60, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2018-0020.

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Abstract The aim of this research is the monitoring of diseases of Scots pine in the plantings and forest stands in the Republic of Belarus depending on the species composition of pests, their biology and the effectiveness of various methods of plant protection. Significant loss of plants for planting is associated with the spread of pathogens causing damage to seedlings, mainly from the genus Fusarium, Alternaria and Botrytis. The most abundant pests of Scots pine are Coleoptera and Lepidoptera groups representing 16 and 8 species, accordingly. Numerous species represent Curculionidae, Scarabaeidae and Tortricidae family. The main components of an effective system of measures, as an integral part of the technology of growing of planting material of Scots pine in containers, are pre-sowing seed treatment with fungicides, stimulating the growth and development of seedlings. The elaborated system of protective measures of forest plantations is based on the prevalence, phenology of pests, estimation of phytopathogenic load, monitoring of diseases and seasonal climatic conditions.

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TREMATERRA, PASQUALE, and MARCO COLACCI. "PLATYNOTA STULTANA WALSINGHAM, 1884 (LEPIDOPTERA TORTRICIDAE) FOUND IN ITALY, INVASIVE PEST IN EUROPE." Redia 105 (December 12, 2022): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.19263/redia-105.22.23.

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Notes on the presence of the Omnivorous Leafroller, Platynota stultana (Lepidoptera Tortricidae), in Italy and its presence and interception in other European countries are reported. Geographical distributions and principal morphological and biological characters are illustrated. Considering the wide host range of P. stultana, this pest has the potential to damage many cultivated and wild plants in the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) region. Its interception in England, the Netherlands, and Germany and its introduction into Spain and Italy clearly demonstrates that it has the potential to enter and establish itself in the Southern and Mediterranean parts of Europe. Key Words: Platynota stultana, Lepidoptera Tortricidae, Italy, Europe, pest risk.

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31

Setyawan, Yendra Pratama, Purnama Hidayat, Hermanu Triwidodo, and Kenneth Puliafico. "Keanekaragaman Serangga Fitofag pada Sengon Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes dari Jawa dan Hawaii di Persemaian di Bogor." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26, no. 4 (October 27, 2021): 490–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.4.490.

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Albizia (Falcataria moluccana) cultivated in Indonesia for timber plantations can increase the farmer’s income, even though albizia became an invasive alien species that can cause the economic and ecological losses. The controlling of invasive species using biological control is an effective method. The purpose of this study was to determine the phytophagous insects on albizia from Java and Hawaii in seedling in Bogor. The experiment was conducted in Carangpulang, Dramaga, Bogor. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design using seed origin as a treatment (albizia Java and Hawaii) with 4 replicates. Total number of tree sample was 160 trees. Observations were conducted every 2 weeks until 32 weeks after planting. Identification of insects was conducted in the Laboratory of Insect Biosystematics, IPB. A total of 67 phytophagous insects were collected, 57 species in albizia from Java and 54 species in albizia from Hawaii. There was no difference in abundance and diversity of phytophagous insects on albizia from Java and Hawaii. Larvae of Eurema blanda (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) became an important pest causes leaf defoliation. Furthermore, Hulodes caranea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Margarodes sp. (Hemiptera: Margarodidae), Choristoneura sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and Adoxophyes sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) identified as important pests that have not been reported in the other research. Keywords: albizia, defoliator insect, Fabaceae, important pests, invasive alien species

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32

Hansen, James D., Donald W. Schlaman, Ron P. Haff, and Wee L. Yee. "Potential Postharvest Use of Radiography to Detect Internal Pests in Deciduous Tree Fruits." Journal of Entomological Science 40, no. 3 (July 1, 2005): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-40.3.255.

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Radiographic techniques were investigated for their potential to detect internal pests in deciduous tree fruits. Two non-destructive methods, X-ray CT imaging and film X-ray, were used to detect larval feeding damage caused by codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in apples. In addition, CT imaging was used to detect larvae of the codling moth and western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), in cherries. Both techniques showed evidence of codling moth feeding tunnels in apples, as well as in cherries using CT imaging. CT images of cherries infested with fruit fly larvae showed retraction of the fruit pulp from the seed. This study supports the use of radiography to detect internally damaged fruits for sorting on the commercial packing line.

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33

Stevens, P. "Developmental biology of two species of leafroller egg parasitoids." New Zealand Plant Protection 53 (August 1, 2000): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2000.53.3629.

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Leafrollers (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) are important pests of many horticultural crops Leafroller eggs in New Zealand are attacked by the trichogrammatid parasitoids Trichogrammatoidea bactrae and Trichogrammanza funiculatum (Hymenoptera Trichogrammatidae) Conventionally trichogrammatids are used for pest control through augmentation of numbers by making mass releases Laboratory tests have been carried out to ascertain the potential of the two eggparasitoid species to act as biological control agents for the key leafroller pests in New Zealand T funiculatum had a slightly slower developmental rate than T bactrae Temperature did not significantly affect the number of eggs parasitised by the adult parasitoids over their lifetime but temperature did affect the percentage of adult parasitoids emerging from parasitised eggs T bactrae had higher net reproductive rates and intrinsic rates of increase than T funiculatum and at this stage appears to be the most suitable candidate for an augmentative biological control programme

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34

EZZINE, OLFA, AXEL HAUSMANN, and MOHAMED LAHBIB BEN JAMÂA. "FIRST RECORD OF TWO TORTRICIDAE AND ONE CURCULIONIDAE SPECIES ON QUERCUS SUBER’S ACORNS IN TUNISIA." Redia 105 (June 16, 2022): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19263/redia-105.22.10.

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Ezzine O., Hausmann A., Ben Jamâa M.L. - First record of two Tortricidae and one Curculionidae species on Quercus suber’s acorns in Tunisia. Acorns of Quercus suber were collected in December 2018 from northwestern Tunisia and stored at laboratory. Larvae of pest emerged from infested acorns were used for molecular analysis. In the light of these data, this paper presents the first report of Cydia rymarczki Varenne & Nel, 2013, Cydia splendana (Hübner, 1799) and Curculio glandium Marsham, 1802, as pests of Quercus suber’s acorns for Tunisia. Key Words: Cydia rymarczki, Cydia splendana, Curculio glandium, infested acorn, Tunisia.

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Timm, A. E., H. Geertsema, and L. Warnich. "Population genetic structure of economically important Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) in South Africa: a comparative analysis." Bulletin of Entomological Research 100, no. 4 (November 27, 2009): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485309990435.

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AbstractComparative studies of the population genetic structures of agricultural pests can elucidate the factors by which their population levels are affected, which is useful for designing pest management programs. This approach was used to provide insight into the six Tortricidae of major economic importance in South Africa. The population genetic structure of the carnation wormE. acerbellaand the false codling mothT. leucotreta, analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, is presented here for the first time. These results were compared with those obtained previously for the codling mothCydia pomonella, the oriental fruit mothGrapholita molesta, the litchi mothCryptophlebia peltasticaand the macadamia nut borerT. batrachopa. Locally adapted populations were detected over local geographic areas for all species. No significant differences were found among population genetic structures as result of population history (whether native or introduced) although host range (whether oligophagous or polyphagous) had a small but significant effect. It is concluded that factors such as dispersal ability and agricultural practices have the most important effects on genetically structuring populations of the economically important Tortricidae in South Africa.

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Murúa, María, Martín Vera, María Herrero, Sofia Fogliata, and Andrew Michel. "Defoliation of Soybean Expressing Cry1Ac by Lepidopteran Pests." Insects 9, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects9030093.

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Lepidoptera, stink bugs, and weevils are important pests in soybean. For lepidopteran control, insecticides and seed treatments are used. As an alternative, Bt soybean was developed to control primary pests of Lepidoptera such as Rachiplusia nu (Guenée) (Noctuidae), Chrysodeixisincludens (Walker) (Noctuidae), Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Erebidae), Helicoverpa gelotopoeon (Dyar) (Noctuidae), and Crocidosema aporema (Walsingham) (Tortricidae). However, the use of transgenic plants, and the resulting reduction of insecticide against target pests, may allow other pest species to become more prevalent in agricultural environments. Soybean expressing Cry1Ac against different lepidopteran nontarget and target insect pests was evaluated, and its performance was compared with non-Bt soybean with seed treatment. The treatments were Bt soybean, non-Bt soybean with seed treatment (Fortenza® diamide insecticide, Syngenta, Buenos Aires, Argentina), and non-Bt soybean without seed treatment. Larvae of H. gelotopoeon, Spodoptera albula (Walker) (Noctuidae), Spodoptera cosmiodes (Walker) (Noctuidae), Spodoptera eridania (Stoll) (Noctuidae), and Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lep.: Noctuidae) were used. The plants of each treatment were infested with larvae of each species, and the percentage of leaf damage produced by each species was recorded. The results showed that Bt soybean provided control of H. gelotopoeon and had a suppressive effect on S. frugiperda and S. albula. However, S. eridania and S. cosmiodes were not susceptible to the Cry1Ac protein in MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean when evaluated by greenhouse infestation. Considering the performance of each species using non-Bt soybean without seed treatment, S. eridania would represent a potential risk in soybean crops.

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Li, Hongchen, Qiulian Peng, Su Wang, Fan Zhang, Xiaojun Guo, Quan Jiang, Ningxing Huang, and Hu Li. "Climate Change Promotes the Large-Scale Population Growth of Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) within Peach Orchards in China." Agronomy 12, no. 12 (November 25, 2022): 2954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12122954.

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Cosmopolitan agricultural herbivorous pests are provided with a wide range of potential hosts. Therefore, they have high carrying capacity, and can cause extremely severe damage in agroecosystems. Understanding the ecological mechanisms of their population dynamics, especially as they relate to large-scale meteorological variations and geographical landscape influences, can help us to reveal how they became such important pests. The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, is a typical example of a significant pest distributed on a large scale, which is capable of damaging fruit trees of economic value such as peach, apple, pear, etc. This pest not only occurs in China, but exists on all continents except Antarctica. In order to prevent major pests and diseases, a system of plant protection has been established gradually in peach orchards within the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System in China (CARS) since 2009. In the system, we collected the monitoring data of G. molesta by using pheromone traps at 17 experimental stations, and then used the corresponding climate data (temperature and precipitation) to explore the link between climate factors using mixed models. The results show that both monthly mean temperature and precipitation had a significant positive correlation with the occurrence of G. molesta. Therefore, global warming with higher levels of precipitation may favor G. molesta, allowing it to outperform other potential pests at the population level in peach orchards, on a large scale.

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Ezzine, Olfa, Yaussra Mannai, Mohamed lahbib Ben Jamâa, and Lamia Hamrouni. "Evaluation of the larvicidal activity of essential oil from needles of Pinus halepensis against defoliating caterpillars of Quercus spp. in North Africa." Afinidad. Journal of Chemical Engineering Theoretical and Applied Chemistry 79, no. 597 (January 20, 2023): 539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.55815/408298.

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Анотація:

This work aims to study the management of Lepidoptera defoliators of Quercus spp. using essential oil of Pinus halepensis needles. In this context, laboratory trials of two concentrations (0.1 % and 0.5%) compared with ethanol (negative control) and delthametrin (positive control) were tested by contact action on 3rd, 4th and 5th instars larvae of two outbreak species: the Tortricidae, Tortrix viridana and the Geometridae, Operophtera brumata. Results revealed that P. halepensis essential oil has significant insecticidal potentials on both Lepidoptera species. Essential oil at 0.1 % was three time more efficient on the 3rd instar of T. viridana than on O. brumata. However, mature larvae (4th and 5th instars) took more time to die. The major components of P. halepensis were α-pinene (46.1%) and β-myrcene (9.5%) that may show their insecticidal effectiveness on these pests. In conclusion, these results are promoting and seems to be of major importance in regulating pests but not outbreaks. Thus, further studies are required to isolate bioactive components and to elucidate the insecticidal mechanisms of P. halepensis.

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39

Markova, T. O., M. V. Маslov, N. V. Repsh та A. S. Sakhnov. "Tachinid ﬂies (Diptera: Tachinidae, Tachininae) – parasites of insect pests". Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 49, № 3 (23 липня 2019): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2019-3-6.

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The study area included 127 species of parasites from the Tachininae subfamily (Diptera: Tachinidae) belonging to 53 genera and 14 tribes. The study was conducted in 2008-2018 in Primorsky Territory. Presently the list of tachinid ﬂ ies with known hosts is made up of 52 species (40.9% of the total number). The Tachininae parasitize insect orders of Lepidoptera (86.6% of the total number of species with known data), Coleoptera (9.6%), Diptera (1.9%), Dermaptera (1.9%). Among representatives of Lepidoptera, species of Noctuidae (34.1%), Lymantriidae (10.7%) and Tortricidae (9.2%) families prevail. During the study, 28 host species of tachinids ﬂ ies were revealed in the Lepidoptera order which are pests of agricultural crops, park, garden and forest vegetation. These insects, in the larval stage, feed on leaves, ﬂower buds, ﬂowers and fruits of trees and shrubs. They also damage fruit trees, park plants, sown seedlings, grain crops, basal parts and stems of vegetables. In the order of Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae family, 3 species are classiﬁ ed as pests.It is for the ﬁ rst time that the information was given on parasitizing of Тachina fera L. in caterpillars Spodoptera exigua Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Parhamaxia discalis Mesn. in imago Holotrichia parallela Motsch. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Hamaxia incongrua Walk. in imago Gametis jucunda (Fald.) and Anomala luculenta Er. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Mikia tepens Walk. in caterpillars Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). The study of the fauna of Tachinidae and trophic relations in the larval stage is of great scientiﬁ c and practical importance in the ﬁ ght against insect pests of agriculture and forestry.

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Retallack, Mary J., Duncan Mackay, Linda J. Thomson, and Michael A. Keller. "Which species of Tortricidae leafrollers are key insect pests in South Australian vineyards?" Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 142, no. 2 (July 3, 2018): 130–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2018.1510656.

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Roscoe, Lucas E., Glen Forbes, Rosanna Lamb, and Peter J. Silk. "Effects of Topical Tebufenozide Application to Choristoneura fumiferana Pupae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)." Insects 11, no. 3 (March 14, 2020): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11030184.

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Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a defoliating pest in Canada and the northeastern United States. Given its important ecological and economic effects in affected regions, several direct management techniques have been developed, including the application of the insect growth regulator tebufenozide (Mimic™, RH-5992) to feeding larval stages. While the effectiveness of tebufenozide, in this capacity, is understood, management programs of other lepidopteran pests have demonstrated the effectiveness of tebufenozide application when utilized against other life stages. Here, we investigated the toxicity of topically-applied tebufenozide to C. fumiferana pupae to determine if such a strategy could be feasible. We observed significant dose-dependent decreases in the likelihood of adult emergence, increases in the likelihood of pupal death or adult deformity at eclosion, and significant decreases in mean adult longevity. Estimated LD 50 (lethal dose) values for adult male and female C. fumiferana treated as pupae ≤ 4 days after pupation were approximately 1–3 and 2–3.5% ACI (active commercial ingredient) respectively. Estimated L-SD (lethal-sublethal) 50 doses for adult male and female C. fumiferana treated as pupae ≤4 days after pupation were <1, and <2% ACI, respectively. Mating success was also significantly lower in mating pairs containing adults treated as pupae. Although, the amounts required to cause appreciable pupal mortality were much higher than those currently applied operationally in the C. fumiferana system, our study illustrates the potential of tebufenozide to utilized against additional developmental stages in other lepidopteran pests.

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Pintureau, Bernard, Marcos Gerding, and Ernesto Cisternas. "DESCRIPTION OF THREE NEW SPECIES OF TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE (HYMENOPTERA) FROM CHILE." Canadian Entomologist 131, no. 1 (February 1999): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent13153-1.

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AbstractSouth American Trichogrammatidae are poorly known. In this paper we describe a new species of Trichogramma and two new species of Uscana from Chile. The Trichogramma species belongs to the perkinsi group and parasitizes the eggs of Rhyacionia buoliana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). One Uscana species belongs to the senex group (new name proposed for the B group) and parasitizes eggs of Pseudopachymerina spinipes (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), and the other Uscana species belongs to the fumipennis group (new name proposed for the C group) and parasitizes eggs of Bruchus pisorum (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). These new species might be useful in biological control, especially against R. buoliana and B. pisorum, important pests of pines and peas, respectively, in Chile.

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43

Kanga, L. H. B., D. J. Pree, F. W. Plapp, and J. L. van Lier. "Sex-Linked Altered Acetylcholinesterase Resistance to Carbamate Insecticides in Adults of the Oriental Fruit Moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)." Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 71, no. 1 (September 2001): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pest.2001.2562.

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44

Robertson, Jacqueline L., and Haiganoush K. Preisler. "LABORATORY EVALUATION OF PHOSALONE FOR CONTROL OF WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)." Journal of Entomological Science 23, no. 4 (October 1, 1988): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-23.4.374.

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Анотація:

Phosalone was tested to estimate the optimal time and minimum application rate for 90% population mortality of western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, larvae. The optimal time of application was estimated to be during the first 10 days after the first group of second instars emerged from diapause, especially between days 7 and 8. Aerial application rates necessary to bracket 90% mortality were estimated as 320, 640, and 960 g/ha. Because these rates are well below the application rates used for agricultural pests, phosalone is a candidate for field trials on western spruce budworm.

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45

Fettig, J., Jeffrey Fidgen, and Scott Salom. "A Review Of Sampling Procedures Available For Ipm Decision-Making Of Forest And Shade Tree Insects In North America." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2005.005.

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Анотація:

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs attempt to reduce insect associated losses to acceptable levels using multiple techniques that are effective, economically viable, and ecologically compatible. Sampling is the cornerstone of any IPM program, and significant effort has been devoted to the development, theory, and application of sampling methods. Relatively few IPM programs exist for managing forest and shade tree pests despite the availability of sampling procedures that are potentially useful for control decision-making. The majority of these sampling procedures are published on defoliating insects (58% of all publications). The most commonly referenced defoliators are the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.); Douglas-fir tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (McDunnough); spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens); and western spruce budworm, C. occidentalis Freeman. These four species alone account for 35% of all sampling publications relevant to IPM programs. The second largest group is bud, shoot, and root insects (16%) followed closely by wood- and bark-boring insects (11%). The piercingsucking feeding group (10%) and seed and cone insects (5%) have relatively few sampling procedures available. Ninety-two percent of the species represented are predominately forest pests, with the order Lepidoptera and family Tortricidae most commonly reported. A significant opportunity exists for developing similar tools to aid in control decision-making for a large number of other pests. Current trends suggest that efforts should concentrate on species important to the urban forest and intensively managed forest plantations.

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46

GILLIGAN, TODD M., JOHN W. BROWN, and MARK S. HODDLE. "A new avocado pest in Central America (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with a key to Lepidoptera larvae threatening avocados in California." Zootaxa 3137, no. 1 (December 20, 2011): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3137.1.2.

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Анотація:

Cryptaspasma perseana Gilligan and Brown, new species, is described and illustrated from Mexico and Guatemala. This species is a potential pest of the fruit of cultivated avocado, Persea americana (Lauraceae). Images of adults, male secondary structures, male and female genitalia, eggs, larvae, and pupae are provided. Details of the life history are reviewed. We provide characters to differentiate this pest from the most common avocado fruit pest in the region, Stenoma catenifer (Walsingham) (Elachistidae), and a key to identify Lepidoptera larvae threatening avocado in California. In addition, we provide a complete list of tortricids documented from different avocado varieties worldwide.

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47

Melia, T., N. G. H. B. Simulingga, M. V. Maretha, A. Nasution, A. L. Gaol, K. D. Puspita, S. K. Kkadan, W. de S. Tavares, M. Tarigan, and A. Duran. "Homona spargotis Meyrick, 1910: First report on a Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill × Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. (Myrtaceae) hybrid in Sumatra, Indonesia (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)." SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología 50, no. 198 (June 30, 2022): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.57065/shilap.173.

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All potential pests (e.g., defoliating lepidopterans) of Eucalyptus L’Hér. (Myrtaceae) are important to be recorded because of multiple species from this plant genus are ubiquitously planted in forest plantations across the tropics, including Sumatra, Indonesia. The objective of this study was to record, for the first time, a species closest to the avocado leafroller, Homona spargotis Meyrick, 1910 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on a Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill × Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. hybrid in Sumatra with the insect species identification performed via molecular analysis. The used molecular protocol was able to identify a similar, yet distinct insect species to H. spargotis through analysis of its larvae, which defines its geographical distribution to Sumatra and identified a host species (i.e., E. grandis × E. pellita) for this insect.

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Quiñones-Pando, Francisco Javier, Socoro Héctor Tarango-Rivero, and Carlos A. Blanco. "Effect of Two Insecticides on Hickory Shuckworm1(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Predators of Pecan Pests." Southwestern Entomologist 34, no. 3 (September 2009): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3958/059.034.0304.

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49

Underhill, E. W., C. E. Rogers, and L. R. Hogge. "Sex Attractants for Two Sunflower Pests, Eucosma womonana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Isophrictis similiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)." Environmental Entomology 16, no. 2 (April 1, 1987): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/16.2.463.

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50

Sartwell, Charles, G. E. Daterman, and L. L. Sower. "A SYNTHETIC ATTRACTANT FOR MALE MOTHS OF A BIOTYPE IN THE CYDIA PIPERANA COMPLEX (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 117, no. 9 (September 1985): 1151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent1171151-9.

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Seedworms of the Cydia piperana complex are major cone pests of ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex-Lawson, and Jeffrey pine, P. jeffreyi Greville and Balfour, in western North America (Keen 1958; Hedlin 1967). An effective synthetic attractant could be useful in a trapping technique for predicting damage to seed crops.Male moths of a biotype in this complex were lured to traps baited with (E)-9- and (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetates during tests to.refine optimum blends of these synthetic chemicals for Rhyacionia and Eucosma shoot moths, and we report the serendipitous findings here.

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Статті в журналах з теми "Tortricid pests"

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