Дисертації з теми "Tontut"
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1
Jardini, Renata Savastano Ribeiro. "Uma outra possibilidade para a adequação/reeducação da forma/função da musculatura da lingua." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310771.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Orientador: Maria Aparecida Affonso MoysesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T18:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jardini_RenataSavastanoRibeiro_D.pdf: 2104827 bytes, checksum: 23920f2f98046659663ef841a46411d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: As alterações na musculatura e função linguais podem resultar em deglutições atípicas, distúrbios articulatórios, respiração oral, na síndrome da apnéia do sono (SAHOS) e em alterações estéticas, como as "papadas". Fez-se uso do Exercitador Lingual, desenvolvido pela autora, para fortalecer a musculatura da língua e trazer maior eficiência à reeducação. O objetivo foi propor outra forma de tratamento que consiste no fortalecimento dos músculos elevadores da língua, longitudinal superior e transverso, minimizando a ação do genioglosso. Participaram 76 crianças (6 a 18 anos), sendo 38 sem alterações - grupo controle (GC) e 38 sintomáticas, por deglutições atípicas, distúrbios articulatórios de /s/ (ceceio), /r/ (dorsalização) e respiradores orais - grupo experimental (GE). A avaliação propôs a manutenção da língua afilada e protraída por 30 segundos, classificadas em normotensas quando atingiam 30s e flácidas abaixo desse tempo, divididas em severas (0s a 8s); moderadas (9s a 15s) e leves (16s a 29s). A deglutição e a fala receberam escores de zero (inadequação máxima) a três (correta automatização da função). O GE foi avaliado em T0, início do tratamento; T1, 15 dias de uso do aparelho; T2, 45 dias e T3, 90 dias. Obteve-se, como resultados, 83,33% de correlação entre o tempo do afilamento lingual e o tempo de uso do aparelho. Em relação à deglutição, a correlação que era de 99,83% no início do tratamento, passou para -74,80% em T3. Após 90 dias de exercitação os grupos tornaram-se estatisticamente iguais. A adequação muscular propiciou uma melhora no desempenho da função, atingindo a correta automatização (86,84% de línguas normotensas; 89,47% com deglutição adequada, 69,23% eliminaram o distúrbio articulatório e 100% de respiradores nasais). Conclui-se que a intervenção proposta colaborou de forma significativa na reeducação lingual para os indivíduos pesquisados, restabelecendo a normalidade no desempenho das funções de deglutição e fala em 90 dias de exercitação
Abstract: The alterations in tongue musculature and functions have resulted in atypical deglutitions, articular disorders, oral breathing and the sleep apnea syndrome (SOHAS), as well as esthetic alterations, such as the "double chins". The Lingual Exerciser was developed by the author in order to strengthen tongue musculature, minimize the exercising time and provide higher effectiveness to reeducation. The objective of the present study was to introduce a new treatment approach for the tongue musculature, which comprises the strengthening of the elevator muscles, superior longitudinal and transverse. Seventy-six children (6 to 18 years old) were selected and divided into two groups: control group (CG), n = 38, with no alterations; and experimental group (EG), n = 38, symptomatic children, presenting atypical deglutitions, phonetic articular disorders of the /s/, frontal lisping and /r/, dorsalization or retroflection, and oral breathers. The idealized evaluation proposed to maintain the tongue tapered and protracted for 30 seconds, being classified as normotense when they reached 30 seconds, and hypotense when they were not able to keep to position for this period of time, subdivided into severe, (0s to 8s); moderate (9s to 15s); and mild (16s to 29s). Deglutition and speech were scored from 0 (maximum inadequacy) to 3 (correct function automation). The EG was evaluated in T0 for treatment baseline; T1, 15- day use of the appliance; T2, 45-day use, and T3, 90 days. The results achieved represent 83.33% of probability that the increased time of tongue tapering is related to the increased time of appliance use; after 90 days of exercising, the results were statistically significant for tongue tonicity, deglutition and speech, which made control and experimental groups statistically similar. With relation to deglutition symptomatology, the correlation which was 99.83% in the baseline, decreased to 74.80% in T3, showing that the longer the time of appliance use, the better the deglutition. There was an improvement in function performance as a consequence of the muscular fit, providing the correct automation (86.84% of the tongue became normotense; 89.47% of the individuals started to present appropriate deglutition, 69.23% eliminated articular disorder, and 100% became nasal breathers). It is possible to conclude that the approach proposed have significantly collaborated for the tongue reeducation of the individuals investigated, reestablishing normality in performing the functions of both deglutition and speech in 90 days of exercising
Doutorado
Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
2
Mills, Tyler Caroline. "Tongue." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8219.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.F.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of English. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
3
Carrion, Teresa. "Lazy tongue." FIU Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2058.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lazy Tongue is a collection of poems that follows the path of a first generation Latin American woman on her trail of self-discovery.
Both critique and celebration, the poems zero in on a woman's psychological, social, and sexual encounters, trying to find acceptance of self in the mirror of Catholic indoctrination and culture clash.
The poems move through a variety of forms as if each poem were a word moving, searching, stumbling into eloquence, echoing the awkwardness the speaker feels as she moves through childhood into adolescence, and the awkwardness she feels positioning herself in adult life as a rebellious, punk rock women.
4
Mann, Susan 1967. "One tongue singing." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11534.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Also available online.one tongue singing is a novel which unfolds in two time-frames. In the first, a young unmarried French nurse comes to South Africa with her father and her small daughter during the closing years of apartheid. The family settles amongst a small wine-growing community in the Western Cape where they become involved in the lives of victims of the System. In the second frame, the daughter, now about nineteen years old, is a talented artist who enrols at the exclusive Art School of a womanising painter. The man walks a tightrope between popular success and a deep-seated fear of failure (linked to a growing awareness of being a fake). He has started to suffer from panic attacks.
5
Buckley, Joseph. "Got Your Tongue." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2305.
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6
Swinney, Joan Ratzlaff. "Telling Stories (Out of School) of Mother Tongue, God's Tongue, and the Queen's Tongue: An Ethnography in Canada." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1240.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Histories give little attention to language dominance in school and community -- to the fact that the past one-hundred years of "One People, One Language, One School" attitudes, policies, and goals in Anglo-American schools and communities have brought with them the demise of Native-American languages, the disappearance of linguistic differences due to immigrant origin, the disvalue or stereotype of linguistic patterns derived from regional and ethnic variation, and the insistence on English as a mark of linguistic and intellectual virtue. Telling Stories (0ut of School) of Mother Tongue, God's Tongue, and the Queen's Tongue: An Ethnography in Canada gives attention to one such history. Told in Mennonite perspective and framed in Manitoba schools between 1890 and 1990, Telling Stories (Out of School) begins with tales of English-speaking Canadian insistence on and German-speaking Mennonite resistance to English-only language education policies in public and private schools serving a Mennonite speech community in southern Manitoba. The research problem links itself historically to a series of language education acts passed by the Manitoba Legislature, adjudicated by the Manitoba Attorney General, the Canadian Supreme Court, and the British Privy Council, and enforced by the Manitoba Department of Education -- all between 1890 and 1920. These English-only policies, deemed an expedient response to the question of how to unify English Canadians, French-Canadians, Aboriginals, and immigrants, abrogated the language education rights of all linguistic minorities. English prevailed in Manitoba schools until the 1960s. After the mid-1960s, though, the Canadian Parliament in concert with the Manitoba Legislature, the Manitoba Department of Education, and local public school districts re-affirmed Canada's English-French legacy as well as its multilingual, multicultural heritage with yet another series of language and language education acts -- the Canadian Official Languages Act of 1969, the Canadian Constitution Act of 1982, and the Canadian Multicultural Act of 1988. Today, the Canadian "Cultural Mosaic," or "Multiculturalism within a Bilingual Framework," dispels the "Melting Pot" myth borrowed from the United States at the turn of the century. And, the 1990 right to "language education choice" in Manitoba's system of public schools denies the 1890 rule of "One People, One Language, One School." To trace historical and recent developments in a Mennonite speech community associated with these policies, and subsequently with the contact of English, High German, and Low German” outside the classroom," the ethnographer -- an insider-outsider -- synthesizes the Hymes-type work in ethnographies of speaking and the Milroy-type work in language and social networks to examine the Ferguson-coined phenomenon of diglossia and the Fishman-extended relationship between societal diglossia and individual Bilingualism. Interviews with fifty-seven speakers, treated as a sequence of ethno-acts and ethno-events, are guided by the general question of sociolinguistic research -- who uses what language with whom, when, where, and why? Using Hymes mnemonic code of SPEAKING leads to the description of a shared history and a shared way of speaking as well as to insights into linguistic continuity, change, and compartmentalization. Telling Stories (Out of School) ends; with tales of an ethnic revival in Mennonite schools and community today -- with new voices speaking Low German High German, and English. While the present ethnography of a Mennonite speech community in Canada, framed in Manitoba schools between 1890 and 1990, should be regarded as impressionistic and preliminary, the fact remains -- language dominance does do something to the life of language in a community as does language education policy that attempts to "start where the child is ... linguisticallly."
7
Thompson, Shannon C. "Resonance in Tongue Drums." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1428423607.
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Huo, Xueliang. "Tongue drive: a wireless tongue-operated assistive technology for people with severe disabilities." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45887.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main objective of the presented research is to design, fabricate, fully characterize, and assess the usability and functionality of a novel wireless tongue-operated assistive technology, called Tongue Drive System (TDS), that allows individuals with severe physical disabilities (such as quadriplegics) to effectively access computers, drive powered wheelchairs, and control environments using their voluntary tongue motion. The system can wirelessly detect users' tongue movements using an array of magnetic sensors, and a magnetic tracer secured on the tongue, and translate them into a set of user-defined commands in real time, which can then be used to communicate with target devices in users' environment. The principal advantage of the TDS is that a combination of magnetic sensors and a small permanent magnet can capture a large number of tongue movements, each of which can represent one specific command. A set of dedicated tongue movements can be configured as specific commands for each individual user based on his/her preferences, lifestyle, and remaining abilities. As a result, this technology can benefit a wide range of potential users with different types of disabilities.
The work carried out in this dissertation is largely split into three portions: (1) Development, fabrication and characterization of external TDS (eTDS) prototypes to verify the concept of TDS that is detecting and extracting user's intention through their voluntary tongue motion, utilizing a combination of magnetic sensors and a small magnet, as well as the application of this idea in the context of assistive technology. This part of the work is presented in Chapters IV, V and VI. (2) Assessment of the TDS performance in medium term usage for both computer access and wheelchair control. The main purpose of this work was to gain valuable insight into the TDS learning process and its current limiting factors, which could lead the way in designing new generations of TDS with improved usability. This portion of the work is described in Chapter VII. (3) Development and performance assessment of a multimodal TDS (mTDS), that operates based on the information collected from two independent input channels: the tongue motion and speech. This multimodal system expands the access beyond one input channel and therefore improves the speed of access by increasing the information transfer bandwidth between users and computers. This part of the work is presented in Chapters VIII and IX.
This dissertation has contributed to the innovation and advancement of the start-of-the-art assistive technology research by exploring, realizing and validating the use of tongue motion as a voluntary motor output to substitute some of the lost arm and hand functions in people with severe disabilities for computer access, wheelchair navigation, and environmental control.
9
Miller, Heather Anne. "Tonto and Tonto speak an indigenous based film theory /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/miller/MillerH0506.pdf.
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10
Beukes, Johannes Daniel. "Language shift within two generations : Afrikaans mother tongue parents raising English mother tongue children." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97150.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The community of Paarl, in the Western Cape, is traditionally Afrikaans-speaking. This research investigated whether a language shift has occurred in some middle-class communities in Paarl. Certain Coloured neighbourhoods were identified. The emphasis was also on whether Afrikaans-speaking parents chose to raise their children in English. It was found that a language shift, predominantly towards English, has indeed occurred where Afrikaans first language (L1) parents were raising their children in English. This finding differs from earlier studies by Anthonissen and George (2003) and by Fortuin (2009), in which only two or three families were studied, whereas this study engaged with 50 households. This study focused mainly on the parents and their views about their decisions. Not only was the occurrence of a language shift confirmed, but the complexity of the matter was also highlighted. An attempt to preserve Afrikaans as heritage language was also noted.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gemeenskap van Paarl, in die Wes-Kaap, is tradisioneel Afrikaanssprekend. Hierdie navorsing ondersoek of daar ’n taalverskuiwing in die middelklasgemeenskap in Paarl plaasgevind het. Die klem is ook laat val op die vraag of dit Afrikaanssprekende ouers is wat kies om hulle kinders in Engels groot te maak. Die bevinding was dat ’n taalverskuiwing wel plaasgevind het waar ouers met Afrikaans as moedertaal verkies om hulle kinders in Engels groot te maak. Die verskuiwing is derhalwe hoofsaaklik na Engels. Hierdie bevindings verskil van vroeëre studies deur Anthonissen en George (2003), asook Fortuin (2009), wat twee of drie spesifieke families ondersoek het; daarteenoor het hierdie studie 50 huisgesinne betrek. Die studie fokus hoofsaaklik op die ouers en hulle siening oor die rede vir hulle besluit. Die studie het nie net bevestig dat ’n taalverskuiwing plaasgevind het nie, die kompleksiteit van die kwessie is ook uitgelig. Daar is ook waargeneem dat ’n poging aangewend word om Afrikaans as moedertaal te behou.
11
Yuen, Po-wing, and 袁寶榮. "Carcinoma of tongue: clinicopathological study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31979609.
Повний текст джерела
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Liang, Alvin Y. "Simulation of tongue muscle deformation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46026.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-36).
The tongue is an intricately configured muscular organ that undergoes a stereotypical set of deformations during the course of normal human swallowing. The tongue's myoarchitecture consists of a large array of variably aligned and extensively interwoven intrinsic and extrinsic muscles. To elucidate the explicit relationship between 3D aligned lingual fiber organization and mechanics during physiological deformations, we performed finite element modeling (FEM) employing a mesh generated from mesoscale multi-voxel fiber like tracts obtained in vivo by high resolution diffusion tensor imaging with tractography. DTI tractography displayed the complete fiber anatomy of the tongue, consisting of a core region of orthogonally aligned fibers encased within a longitudinal sheath, which merge with the externally connected styloglossus, hyoglossus, and genioglossus fibers.
by Alvin Y. Liang.
M.Eng.
13
Yuen, Po-wing. "Carcinoma of tongue : clinicopathological study /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18737055.
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Steffen, Giana Targanski. "My father tongue is portuguese." Florianópolis, SC, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/91649.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-24T01:08:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 250775.pdf: 1016017 bytes, checksum: 0440c63d3c24e8c308806062e5a59a7c (MD5)
Esse estudo examinou como se dá o processo de desenvolvimento do conhecimento plurilingüístico e como ele influencia a consciência lingüística que os alunos trazem para a 5a série. Para tanto, os alunos-participantes do Colégio de Aplicação (CA-UFSC) participaram de uma intervenção na qual eles foram expostos a uma série de atividades plurilíngües que objetivavam o desenvolvimento dos cinco domínios de competência da Consciência Lingüística (James e Garrett, 1998): cognitivo, afetivo, social, poder e performance. Os resultados mostraram que o processo de desenvolvimento do conhecimento plurilingüístico envolve o desenvolvimento de ferramentas translingüísticas, uso da coerência interna de um texto, uso de conhecimento previamente adquirido e desenvolvimento da habilidade de notar características específicas das línguas. As atividades, assim como a assistência da professora com andaimes (scaffolding), positivamente apoiaram os alunos com o desenvolvimento dos domínios cognitivo e afetivo da Consciência Lingüística. O domínio social e de poder não foram notadamente afetados enquanto o domínio performance não pode ser avaliado.
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Redhaa, Azal, and Jathal Asmael. "Use of digital tools in mother tongue language teaching From the mother tongue teacher's perspective." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-30486.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur modersmålslärarna använder sig utav digitala verktyg i undervisningen, samt att ta reda på fördelarna och nackdelarna med användning av digitala verktyg som läromedel i modersmålsundervisningen. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ undersökning, där sex modersmålslärare intervjuades och sex lektionsobservationer genomfördes. Resultaten analyserades med hjälp av ett analysverktyg. Analysverktyget heter SAMRmodellen, som handlar om hur informations- och kommunikationsteknik (IKT) används i lärandet. Resultaten visade att alla modersmålsläraren är positiva till att använda olika former av digitala verktyg. Det underlättar deras arbete samt främjar elevernas modersmål. Respondenterna har tillgång till digitala verktyg som kan lånas ut till elever och de får regelbundet kompetensutveckling om hur de kan undervisa digitalt. Det som framkommit i vår studie är att lärarna arbetar utifrån olika nivåer enligt SAMRmodellen, och att modersmålslärare jobbar med digitala verktyg för tre olika syfte: att söka information, att kommunicera och att presentera. Fördelarna med användningen av digitala verktyg var många. Digitala verktyg ökar elevernas intresse och motivation, erbjuder stora möjligheter för att variera undervisningen. Det underlättar uppföljning av elevernas arbete för att ge eleverna feedback och respons, vilket hjälper dem att utveckla sina arbeten. Digitala verktyg främjar elevernas lärande av sina modersmål. Nackdelarna var inte så många jämfört med fördelarna. De negativa upplevelserna var framför allt elever som gör annat vid datorerna under lektionen, vilket tar både tid och fokus från undervisningen. Vad gäller informationssökning så har en del elever inte tålamod att vara källkritiska. Nyckelord: digitala verktyg, IKT, modersmål, SAMR-modell.
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Olson, Rachel A. "Biomechanics of the Mammalian Tongue: Kinematic Analysis of Tongue Movements and Deformations during Feeding and Drinking." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1590512614824391.
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Tindall, Andrew Paul. "An analysis of tongue position using electropalatography /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmt588.pdf.
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Romaniuk, Olena Oleksandrivna. "Mother Tongue Talk In Three Languages." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612349/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Languages within one language family may be so closely related that their speakers often communicate, each using their own language. This phenomenon was investigated in African, Germanic and Romance languages and coined as semicommunication by Haugen (1966), and later became receptive multilingualism by Braunmüller (2002). This research attempts to find out if receptive multilingual communication is possible in Slavonic languages (Polish, Russian and Ukrainian). Besides, it was a great importance to define whether the success of communication is symmetric among the speakers of the mentioned languages. Finally, various cases of problematic understanding were analyzed with the main emphasis on the speakers&rsquo
strategies when they try to overcome reception problems. Methodically, 4 Russian-Ukrainian, 4 Polish-Ukrainian and 4 Polish-Russian conversations were recorded with the use of digital camera. Cases of problematic understanding were defined and transcribed with Exmaralda program, Partitur editor. Number of problematic utterances in relation to total number of utterances in discourse was the measure of communication success in each language constellation. In order to see the overall picture of how receptive multilingualism works in the three languages and in each constellation separately, the statistic research was done with SPSS program. The findings of the research revealed that receptive multilingual communication among Polish, Russian and Ukrainian speakers is generally successful, however, not symmetric with respect to understanding degree in different constellations.
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Desai, Zubeida Khatoom. "A case for mother tongue education?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6047_1333026993.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The question as to which language should be used as a medium of instruction in schools in multilingual societies is a controversial one. In South Africa, the question is often posed in binary terms: Should the medium of instruction be a familiar local language such as Xhosa or a language of wider communication like English? This study is an attempt to answer the above question. The study profiled the writing abilities of Grade 4 and Grade 7 pupils at Themba Primary, a school located in Khayelitsha in the Western Cape, in both their mother tongue, Xhosa, and in English, their official medium of instruction at school since Grade 4. Three written tasks, which consisted of a narrative piece of writing, a reading comprehension exercise, and an expository piece of writing, were administered to the pupils in English and Xhosa. The purpose of the exercise was to examine some of the implications for educational language policy of the differences in performance in the two languages. All the tasks were authentic, in that they were based on aspects of the pupils&rsquo
curriculum and written in the formal academic language pupils were expected to be exposed to in their respective grades. All the tasks were graded systematically under controlled conditions.
20
Dichabe, Seipati Bernice. "Advanced Tongue Root harmony in Setswana." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq20913.pdf.
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Lindquist, Malin. "Electronic tongue for water quality assessment /." Örebro : Örebro universitetsbibliotek, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-870.
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22
Napadow, Vitaly J. 1971. "Intramural mechanics in the human tongue." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9595.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-80).
Contraction of the tongue musculature during physiological motions (anterior protrusion, sagittal bending, swallowing) is associated with characteristic patterns of tissue deformation. Coupling knowledge of this tissue deformation with the underlying myoarchitecture offers the ability to explore complex structure-function relationships in the organ. In order to quantify strain in the human tongue, a non-invasive MRI tagging technique was used in combination with a fast asymmetric gradient echo imaging pulse sequence (TurboFLASH). This MRI technique discretize tissue into non-linear deforming elements. Individual elements were defined by selectively supersaturating bands of magnetic spins in resting tongue tissue along the antero-posterior and superiorinferior directions of the mid-sagittal plane, resulting in a rectilinear square grid. Axial and shear strains relative to the rest condition were determined for each element and represented by two-dimensional surface strain maps. Tongue myoarchitecture was studied with diffusion-tensor MRI. A slice select pulsed gradient stimulated echo pulse sequence was applied to derive the spatial diffusion tensor field in the tongue. Tensor eigenvectors and measures of anisotropy were used to derive a virtual anatomical atlas of the bovine tongue. During forward protrusion, the anterior tongue underwent positive antero-posterior strain ( elongation) and symmetrical negative medial-lateral and superiorinferior strain ( contraction). During sagittal bending directed to the hard palate, the tongue exhibited positive asymmetrical antero-posterior strain that increased radially as a function of distance from the center of curvature, with commensurate negative strain in the medial-lateral direction. Similarly, the magnitude of anterior-posterior strain during left-directed tongue bending was proportional to distance from the curved inner surface. The oral stage of the swallow was subdivided into an early accommodative phase, a late accommodative phase and a propulsive phase. For bolus accommodation, strain findings were consistent with contraction of the anteriorly located intrinsic muscles and the posteriorly located genioglossus and hyoglossus muscles. For bolus propulsion, strain findings were consistent with posterior passive stretch in the midline due to contractions of the laterally inserted styloglossus muscle, as well as contraction of posteriorly located intrinsic muscles. In conclusion, regulation of tongue deformation was related to regional activation of intrinsic and/or extrinsic lingual musculature, which was appreciated with 3D diffusion tensor visualization.
by Vitaly J. Napadow.
S.M.
23
Kajee, Yaseen. "The biomechanics of the human tongue." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5525.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-148).
The human tongue is composed mainly of skeletal-muscle tissue, and has a complex architecture. Its anatomy is characterised by interweaving, yet distinct muscle groups. It is a significant contributor to the phenomenon of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). OSA is a pathological condition defined as the partial or complete closing of any part of the human upper airway (HUA) during sleep. OSA syndrome affects a significant portion of the population. Patients with OSA syndrome experience various respiratory problems, an increase in the risk of heart disease, a significant decrease in productivity, and an increase in motor-vehicle accidents [58]. The aim of this work is to report on a constitutive model for the human tongue, and to demonstrate its use in computational simulations for OSA. A realistic model of the constitution of the tongue and computational simulations are also important in areas such as linguistics and speech therapy [44]. The detailed anatomical features of the tongue have been captured using data from the Visible Human Project (VHP) [102]. The geometry of the tongue, and each muscle group of the tongue, are visually identified, and its geometry captured using Mimics [100]. Various image processing tools available in Mimics, such as image segmentation, region-growing and volume generation were used to form the three-dimensional model of the tongue geometry. Muscle fibre orientations were extracted from the same dataset, also using Mimics.The muscle model presented here is based on Hill’s three-element model for representation of the constituent parts of muscle fibres. This Hill-type muscle model also draws from recent work in muscle modelling, by Martins [88]. The model is implemented in an Abaqus user element (UEL) subroutine [24]. The transversely isotropic behaviour of the muscle tissue is accounted for, as well as the influence of muscle activation. The mechanics of the model is limited to static, small-strain, anisotropic, linear-elastic behaviour, and the governing equations are suitably linearized. The body position of the patient during an apneic episode is accounted for in the simulations, as well as the effect of gravity. The focus of this study is on tongue muscle behaviour under gravitational loading, simulating a simplified OSA event. Future models will incorporate airway pressure as well. The behaviour of the model is illustrated in a number of benchmark tests, and computational examples.
24
Whirley, Megan. "Corrupting the Mother Tongue/Broken Constitutions." W&M ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550153851.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Corrupting the Mother Tongue: Comparing the Effects of Residential Schools on the Cultures and Languages of Native American and Deaf Students Focusing on the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this work explores the changes in the goals and approaches to education in residential schools for Native American and deaf students, and how these changes impacted their languages and cultures. This study of residential schools, students, and educational reformers in the United States reveals the pervasive desire to design school systems that would assimilate both Native Americans and deaf students into dominant American culture. Although the residential schools for deaf students developed independently from those for Native Americans, they share similar motivations, practices, and impacts. Despite the paternalistic nature of educating these students, the goal to eradicate Native Americans and deaf students of their cultures and languages and assimilate them into normative, white culture ultimately failed, but nevertheless left a lasting impact upon the identities of Native Americans and members of the Deaf community. Broken Constitutions: Veterans of the American Revolution and the Language of Disability This work focuses on the presence and use of terms such as "disability" in the early nineteenth century as found in Revolutionary War pension records, showing that a shift in the way people perceived disabilities occurred prior to Industrialization. The policies of the Revolutionary War pensions and the cultural representations of veterans indicate that a social concept of disabilities in relation to labor existed before Industrialization. Therefore, rather than supporting the claim that the concept of disability was a symptom of Industrialization, this work argues that the concept had already existed in pre-Industrial American society and further evolved alongside a changing labor system, adhering to the social-construction theory of disabilities.
25
Engwall, Olov. "Tongue Talking : Studies in Intraoral Speech Synthesis." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tal, musik och hörsel, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3380.
Повний текст джерела
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Söderström, Charlotte. "Measuring microbial activity with an electronic tongue /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/tek816s.pdf.
Повний текст джерела
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Graham, Barbara Elaine. "Pokomo mother tongue education implementation and evaluations." Thesis, University of Reading, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499364.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis focuses on the implementation of the Pokomo Mother Tongue Education (MTE) programme in rural Kenya a few years after its launch in preschool or Early Childhood Development (ECD) classes. It seeks to understand the social construction of the programme through the perceptions of the stakeholders, taken to be those involved, directly or indirectly, in the establishment and implementation of the programme, as well as the intended beneficiaries, using Giddens' structuration theory.
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Lins, Eliane Maria Dias Von Sohsten. "Ressonância funcional na tontura postural-perceptual persistente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-15122015-110129/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objetivo: avaliar as diferenças estruturais e funcionais entre o cérebro de pacientes com tontura postural-perceptual persistente (TPPP) e controles. Método: o estudo foi aprovado pela comissão de ética local. As voluntárias deram consentimento formal. 16 mulheres com TPPP (44.7±8.3 anos) e 16 controles (46.5±8.5 anos) foram pareadas por sexo e idade. Imagens de ressonância magnética funcional (RMf) e estrutural foram adquiridas utilizando sistema 3.0 T durante a visibilização de figuras padronizadas do International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) com valência negativa, positiva e neutra. Realizou-se análise estrutural segmentar e volumétrica com o programa Freesurfer e funcional com o FSL (FMRIB Software Library) usando correção fatia-tempo e de movimento, suavização espacial (5mm FWHM), e normalização no espaço standard MNI (Montreal Neurological Institute). O modelo linear geral (GLM) incluiu regressores por grupo e condições. Adotou-se um limiar de Z = 3.09 (p < 0.001) para cada vóxel, e um nível de significância para correção de clusters de p < 0.05. O Z=2.3 foi utilizado na comparação entre grupos. Resultados: o grupo com TPPP apresentou ativação na região do córtex cingulado anterior na diferença entre contrastes positivos e negativos por queda de sinal na visibilização de estímulos negativos; enquanto o grupo controle teve efeito BOLD (Blood Oxygen Level Dependent) positivo na região amigdaliana bilateralmente na diferença entre contrastes negativos e positivos. Houve ativação em giro angular esquerdo na diferença entre contrastes negativos e positivos e entre grupos (pacientes > controles). Conclusão: ativação em região amigdaliana em resposta a estímulos negativos em relação aos positivos é frequentemente encontrada em pacientes com ansiedade e síndrome do estresse pós-traumático, mas não foi vista no nosso grupo com TPPP, só no controle. Por outro lado, o grupo com TPPP mostrou desativação da região do córtex cingulado anterior, um modelo descrito em algumas, mas não em todas as disfunções ansiosas, e não identificado no grupo controle. Além disto, o efeito BOLD positivo na região do giro angular esquerdo, área não inclusa no sistema límbico, com múltiplas funções, dentre elas a orientação espacial, indicam que mais trabalhos são necessários para elucidar o mecanismo cerebral da TPPPObjectives: evaluate structural and functional differences in brain among patients with postural perceptual persistent dizziness (PPPD) and controls. Method: The study was approved by local IRB, and volunteers gave their informed consent. Sixteen women with PPPD (44.7 ± 8.3 years-old) were compared to 16 controls (46.5 ± 8.5 years-old) matched by age and gender. Structural and functional brain images were acquired in a 3.0T MRI system while subjects were presented with pictures from a standard reference (International Affective Pictures System - IAPS) with positive, neutral and negative emotional valence stimuli. Structural images were analysed in Freesurfer program and fMRI images in FSL (FMRIB Software Library) using slice-time and motion correction, spatial smoothing (5mm FWHM), and normalized images into MNI standard space. The GLM model included regressors for groups and conditions. A threshold Z-score = 3.09 (p < 0.001) was used for each voxel, and was adopted the correction by clusters at a p < 0.05 significance level. A Z-score = 2.3 was used for comparison between groups. Results: the PPPD group showed increased brain response at anterior cingulate cortex when comparing [positive > negative] stimuli as a result of deactivation during negative stimuli, whereas the control group had positive BOLD when comparing [negative > positive] stimuli at amigdala region in both sides. PPPD group had increased brain response when comparing [negative>positive] stimuli and [patients > controls] in the left angular gyrus. Conclusion: The amygdala region activation in control group in response to negative than positive stimuli is a pattern often found in patients with anxiety and traumatic stress but not was seen in our patient group. In contrast, they showed deactivation of the anterior cingulate cortex in response to negative stimuli, a pattern found in some, but not all anxiety disorders, and not identified in the control group. Otherwise, the positive BOLD in angular gyrus, brain area not included in limbic system, with multiple functions, including spatial orientation, indicate that more work is needed to elucidate brain mechanisms underlying PPPD
29
Clark, Brady. "Sins of the tongue gossip and slander /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p091-0068.
Повний текст джерела
30
Wen, Shuangyue. "Automatic Tongue Contour Segmentation using Deep Learning." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38343.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ultrasound is one of the primary technologies used for clinical purposes. Ultrasound systems have favorable real-time capabilities, are fast and relatively inexpensive, portable and non-invasive. Recent interest in using ultrasound imaging for tongue motion has various applications in linguistic study, speech therapy as well as in foreign language education, where visual-feedback of tongue motion complements conventional audio feedback.
Ultrasound images are known to be difficult to recognize. The anatomical structure in them, the rapidity of tongue movements, also missing segments in some frames and the limited frame rate of ultrasound systems have made automatic tongue contour extraction and tracking very challenging and especially hard for real-time applications. Traditional image processing-based approaches have many practical limitations in terms of automation, speed, and accuracy.
Recent progress in deep convolutional neural networks has been successfully exploited in a variety of computer vision problems such as detection, classification, and segmentation. In the past few years, deep belief networks for tongue segmentation and convolutional neural networks for the classification of tongue motion have been proposed. However, none of these claim fully-automatic or real-time performance. U-Net is one of the most popular deep learning algorithms for image segmentation, and it is composed of several convolutions and deconvolution layers.
In this thesis, we proposed a fully automatic system to extract tongue dorsum from ultrasound videos in real-time using a simplified version of U-Net, which we call sU-Net. Two databases from different machines were collected, and different training schemes were applied for testing the learning capability of the model. Our experiment on ultrasound video data demonstrates that the proposed method is very competitive compared with other methods in terms of performance and accuracy.
31
Purwins, Hendrik. "Profiles of pitch classes - circularity of relative pitch and key experiments, models, music analysis, and perspectives /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976732440.
Повний текст джерела
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Thiebault, Céline. "Cytochromes P450 et tonus vasculaire." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00120305.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les cytochromes P450 (CYP) sont des enzymes dont le rôle principalement connu est la détoxification. Cependant, leur activité peut conduire à la formation de métabolites ayant des effets pharmacologiques, toxicologiques ou physiologiques. Depuis quelques années, le rôle des cytochromes P450 dans le métabolisme de l'acide arachidonique est bien décrit. Parmi les métabolites produits lors de cette biotransformation, les acides epoxyeicosatriènoïques (les EETs) et les acides hydroxyeicosatetraènoïques (les HETEs) occupent une place importante dans la régulation du tonus vasculaire. Ainsi les EETs ont des propriétés vasodilatatrices tandis que les HETEs ont des propriétés surtout vasoconstrictrices. Au cours de ce travail, nous avons étudié l'expression de certains cytochromes P450 dans les veines saphènes humaines et nous avons caractérisé le profil d'expression de ces enzymes dans différents types cellulaires contenus dans les parois vasculaires. Nous avons montré que l'expression de la plupart des cytochromes P450, notamment CYP1B, CYP2C, CYP2E1, CYP2J2 et CYP3A, était augmentée dans les échantillons de veines variqueuses humaines. Nous avons ensuité étudié dans une lignée de cellules endothéliales humaines (EV304) et une lignée d'hépatomes d'origine humaine (HepG2), la régulation par quelques statines de certains cytochromes P450, dont les CYP2C, occupant une place importante dans le régulation de l'homéostasie vasculaire. Les statines sont des molécules utilisées dans le traitement de l'hypercholestérolémie, présentant des effets pleïotropiques, notamment sur l'état vasculaire. Nous avons observé que l'atorvastatine était la molécule ayant le plus d'effet sur l'expression des cytochromes P450 2C8, 2C9, 2J2, 3A5 et 3A7. En effet, cette molécule diminue l'expression des différents cytochromes P450 dans les cellules ECV304 alors qu'elle augmente leur expression dans les cellules HepG2. les statines influencent également l'expression de deux types de récepteurs nucléaires impliqués dans la régulation des cytochromes P450. Ainsi, la fluvastatine, augmente l'expression des récepteurs nucléaires CAR et PXR. Enfin, nous avons étudié l'effet du polymorphisme d'un cytochrome P450 de la famille 2C sur la pression sanguine et sur les marqueurs inflammatoires des pathologies cardiovasculaires. Nous avons observé que les valeurs de pressions sanguines ne variaient pas en fonction du polymorphisme de CYP2C19. En revanche, les taux plasmatiques d'interleukine-6 sont plus élevés chez les porteurs de l'allèle muté CYP2C19*2. De la même façon, les concentrations plasmatiques des paramètres lipidiques tels que les triglycerides sont plus élevés chez les mêmes sujets.Ainsi, une modification de l'expression des cytochromes P450 peut jouer un rôle dans la pathologie variqueuse et dans la pathologie vasculaire à composante inflammatoire. Cette expression peut être modulée par les statines. Enfin, le polymorphisme CYP2C19*2 est corrélé avec la composante inflammatoire des pathologies vasculaires probablement par l'intermédiaire des métabolites de l'acide arachidonique. Ces résultats posent alors la question de la modulation de la production des molécules vaso-actives issues de l'acide arachidonique dans les pathologies vasculaires et d'éventuels traitements par les molécules inhibitrices de l'HMGCoA réductase ou par des inhibiteurs de cytochromes P450.
33
Bertrand-Thiébault, Céline. "Cytochromes P450 et tonus vasculaire." Nancy 1, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00120305.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les cytochromes P450 (CYP) sont des enzymes dont le rôle principalement connu est la détoxification. Cependant leur activité peut conduire à la formation de métabolites ayant des effets pharmacologiques, toxicologiques ou physiologiques. Depuis quelques années le rôle des cytochromes P450 dans le métabolisme de l'acide arachidonique est bien décrit. Parmi les métabolites produits lors de cette biotranformation, les acides epoxyeicosatriènoi͏̈ques (les EETs) et les acides hydroxyeicosatetraènoi͏̈ques (les HETEs ) occupent une place importante dans la régulation du tonus vasculaire. Ainsi les EETs ont des propriétés vasodilatatrices tandis que les HETEs ont des propriétés surtout vasoconstrictrices. Au cours de ce travail, nous avons étudié l'expression de certains cytochromes P450 dans les veines saphènes humaines et nous avons caractérisé le profil d'expression de ces enzymes dans différents types cellulaires contenus dans les parois vasculaires. Nous avons montré que l'expression de la plupart des cytochromes P450 notamment CYPlBl, CYP2C, CYP2El, CYP2J2 et CYP3A était augmentée dans les échantillons de veines pathologiques humaines. Nous avons ensuite étudié dans une lignée de cellules endothéliales humaines (ECV304) et une lignée d'hépatomes d'origine humaine (HepG2), la régulation par quelques statines de certains cytochromes P450 dont les CYP2C, occupant une place importante dans la régulation de l'homéostasie vasculaire. Les statines sont des molécules utilisées dans le traitement de l'hypercholestérolémie présentant des effets plei͏̈otropiques notamment sur l'état vasculaire. Nous avons observé que l'atorvastatine était la molécule ayant le plus d'effet sur l'expression des cytochromes P450 2C8, 2C9, 2J2, 3AS et 3A7. En effet, cette molécule diminue l'expression des différents cytochromes P450 dans les cellules ECV304 alors qu'elle augmente leur expression dans les cellules HepG2. Les statines influencent également l'expression de deux types de récepteurs nucléaires impliqués dans la régulation des cytochromes P450. Ainsi, la fluvastatine augmente l'expression des récepteurs nucléaires CAR et PXR. Enfin, nous avons étudié l'effet du polymorphisme d'un cytochrome P450 de la famille 2C sur la pression sanguine et sur les marqueurs inflammatoires des pathologies cardiovasculaires. Nous avons observé que les valeurs de pressions sanguines ne variaient pas en fonction du polymorphisme de CYP2Cl9. En revanche, les taux plasmatiques d'interleukine-6 sont plus élevés chez les porteurs de l'allèle muté de CYP2Cl9*2. De la même façon, les taux plasmatiques des paramètres lipidiques tels que les triglycérides sont également plus élevés chez les mêmes sujets. Ainsi, une modification de l'expression des cytochromes P450 peut jouer un rôle dans la pathologie variqueuse et dans la pathologie vasculaire à composante inflammatoire. Cette expression peut être modulée par les statines. Enfin, le polymorphisme CYP2Cl9*2 est corrélé avec la composante inflammatoire des pathologies variqueuses probablement par l'intermédiaire des métabolites de l'acide arachidonique. Ces résultats posent alors la question de la modulation de la production des molécules vaso-actives issues de l'acide arachidonique dans les pathologies vasculaires et d'éventuels traitements par les molécules inhibitrices de l'HMGCoA réductase ou par des inhibiteurs de cytochromes P450.
34
Lindberg-Kransmo, Maria. "The influence of the tongue on vocal production." Thesis, connect to online resource. Access restricted to the University of North Texas campus, 2002. http://www.unt.edu/etd/all/May2002/lindberg-kransmo%5Fmaria/index.htm.
Повний текст джерела
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Remnant, Daphne Elizabeth. "Tongue root articulations : a case study of Lillooet." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29143.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines retraction and pharyngealization processes in Lillooet, an Interior Salish language spoken in south central British Columbia. Phayngealization occurs predictably whenever a vowel immediately precedes a pharyngeal glide. Retraction, on the other hand, is a process whereby vowels and, in some cases, alveo-palatals are articulated with a retracted tongue root, and is caused by four distinct sets of triggers: uvular consonants, /z z'/ (which is a segment peculiar to Lillooet and not like the English /z/), a floating adversative morpheme, and a floating Tongue Root node that is lexically specified on a stem.
In the thesis I present an analysis of these problems within a non-linear framework, adopting the model of phonological geometry proposed in Sagey (1986), and further developed in Clements (to appear). In addition, I adopt the theory of Radical Underspecification presented in (Archangeli and Pulleyblank 1986, 1987) and Archangeli (1988).
It is shown that the data of Lillooet motivate the addition of a fourth articulator node, Tongue Root, which dominates the feature [epiglottis]. Two rules of retraction involve spreading of a Tongue Root node which is unspecified for [epiglottis]. The first rule operates locally triggered by the class of consonants which have a Tongue Root node, that is, the uvular consonants and /z z'/. This rule precedes Redundancy Rules which specifies vowels, thereby preventing the rule from applying to schwa, which is analyzed as lacking place features. The second retraction rule applies long distance and follows these Redundancy Rules; schwa thus undergoes this rule. The rule of pharyngealization spreads the feature [+epiglottis] to the preceding vowel.
Apart from the specific descriptive conclusions offered, a number of important points emerge concerning the consonant inventory of Lillooet. For example, the discussion in the thesis proves the existence of a class of pharyngeal segments distinct from the uvulars. Again, the evidence adduced refutes speculations that pharyngeal consonants must be characterized by a set of laryngeal features.Arts, Faculty of
Linguistics, Department of
Graduate
36
Liu, Xiaobing. "Dysregulation of microRNAs in tongue squamous cell carcinoma." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b40203499.
Повний текст джерела
37
Chan, Sik-chee Eva, and 陳惜姿. "Mother-tongue teaching in Hong Kong secondary schools." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972354.
Повний текст джерела
38
Liu, Xiaobing, and 劉小兵. "Dysregulation of microRNAs in tongue squamous cell carcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40203499.
Повний текст джерела
39
Sundberg, Ulla. "Mother tongue - Phonetic Aspects of Infant-Directed Speech." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-40216.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Phonetic aspects of mother-infant interaction are discussed in light of a functionalist Mother-infant phonetic interaction (MIPhI) model. Adults addressing infants typically use a speech style (infant-directed speech, IDS) characterized by, for instance, extensive suprasegmental (prosodic) modulations. This type of speech seems to interest young infants whose active experience with the spoken language appears to focus their speech perception on the phonological properties of the ambient language during the first year of life. This thesis consists of four articles discussing phonetic modifications at the suprasegmental, segmental and phonological levels, based on data from six Swedish mothersí IDS to their 3-month-olds. The first study concerns the tonal word accent 2 in disyllabic words, and shows how the lexical, bimodal, tonal characteristics of this accent are enhanced in IDS as compared to adult-directed speech (ADS). The second is a cross-linguistic investigation of vowel formant frequencies in Swedish, Am. English and Russian IDS. It shows that vowels like /i/, /u/, and /a/ are more clearly separated in IDS than in ADS, in all three languages. The third study addresses the voiced /voiceless contrast in stop consonants as measured by voice onset time (VOT) and shows that stop consonants seem to be poorly separated in early IDS samples. The fourth study investigates the quantity distinction in V:C and VC: sequences and indicates that this phonological contrast is well maintained in the IDS. Adult data are discussed within the MIPhI model, assuming that suprasegmental and segmental specifications in IDS follow different phonetic specification paths adapted to the infantsí capacities as these develop over the first 18 months of life. The adultsí phonetic adaptations appear to reflect a selective strategy of presenting linguistic structure in a ìgift-wrappingî that is attractive and functional for the infant.För att köpa boken skicka en beställning till exp@ling.su.se/ To order the book send an e-mail to exp@ling.su.se
40
Ahadipour, Ava. "3D Tongue Reconstruction from Two Orthogonal Ultrasound Images." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24287.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Tongue is the most important articulator of speech. Given the dominant role of speech in human interactions, a large proportion of the research on tongue movement focuses on its role in speech, specifically vowel production. A three-dimensional (3D) tongue model could provide important visual information that would help an individual to correct the tongue position during speech.
Researchers have been tried using different imaging techniques such as MRI, CT and Ultrasound imaging to capture the tongue information. Among them ultrasound imaging is, recently, getting popular in the field of linguistic, phonetic research and medical imaging. Having access to real-time display of the movement of the tongue, non-invasive measurement with relatively cheap equipment and also avoiding risks of x-rays or other types of radiation made us use this method for capturing set of required data.
We introduce a new method of reconstructing the 3D generic tongue model. The novelty of our method is employing only two ultrasound images for tongue reconstruction purpose. We presented a feature-based deformation method that could represent the different shapes of the tongue during speech with no computationally expensive requirements.
Tongue is a difficult target for deformation due to its muscle complexity. The fact that tongue is concealed in the oral cavity can also provide additional challenges to capture the whole image of it using available methods such as MRI, X-Ray and ultrasound imaging. We overcome these difficulties by: (a) Analysis of tongue surface data using ultrasound imaging; Capturing tongue shape and tracking the tongue surface data for different sets of pronunciations from obtained ultrasound images (b) Deformation of 3D generic tongue model using deformation method named Radial Basis Functions(RBFs) based on two orthogonal (side and front view) ultrasound images.
We tested our methodology on a set of Ultrasound images received from Department of linguistics. We selected different sample of Ultrasound frames from a set of mid-coronal and corresponding mid-sagittal images. The Ultrasound data is collected while a male person was pronouncing 1 to 10 and then sustained "i", "u", "e", "o", "a", "s", "sh", "l", "n", and "r".
Our model is capable of representing tongue shapes during the production of vowels and also the general motion of tongue. A set of control points of the 3D tongue neutral model, allows each tongue segment to be easily captured.
In order to test the capability and sufficiency of the proposed method in terms of deformation, we have compared our results (deformed tongue models based on arbitrary set of control points on mid-sagittal and the mid-coronal line of the 3D tongue model) with the results from an open-source tongue simulation system named “Artisynth” (deformed tongue models obtained from different activations of tongue muscles).
41
Thomson, Eoin Scott. "The unknown tongue : postponing language and the anonymous." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4328/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
in the following thesis, I argue for an interpretation of relationality on the basis of the opacity that separates perceiving subjects. Although a great deal has been written about relationality, my own project tries to demonstrate that paying close attention to the role of language and time in the explication of separation can provide us with further insights into the conditions upon which relationality is based. The structure of the thesis directly supports, at a formal level, my interpretation of subjectivity as that which, because it revolves around the absence of a unified identity "I" could call its own true self, is always in the process of arriving out of obscurity. The link between the structure of the thesis and its thematic development is inscribed in the question that guides my interpretation of relationality: How to name the anonymous? My invocation of this long-standing and recurring question in the disciplines of philosophy and the practice of narrative is intended to highlight the important role signification plays in the explication of opacity as itself a name appropriate to the discussion of relationality. In the first section I provide an introduction to terms that will figure prominently throughout the thesis against the background of Emmanuel Levinas' critique of the Other and Jean-François Lyotards critique of the sublime. In the Interlude I provide an argument supporting the inclusion of a number of Latin American authors in the thesis (namely, Alejo Carpentier, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Carlos Fuentes, Juan Rulfo and Octavio Paz) on the basis of their relation to absence. It is this relation that helps to clarify the terms introduced in the first section and which provides a close analysis of duplicity in the explication of the separation of relation. Finally, in section five, I take the reader back to the middle, to the very temporality of the between, the separation which conditions relationality, in an explication of postponement, a term I employ in varying degrees throughout the thesis. My critique of postponement is based on Carlos Fuentes' reading of Denis Diderot and Nikolai Gogol and Elizabeth Deeds Ermarth's Sequel To History: Postmodernism and the Crisis of Representational Time, both of which provide us with a language by which to conceptualise the role of postponement in the approach to the question 'How to name the anonymous'. In this way, I hope to construct, through the tight linkage between form and content in the thesis itself, the very thing which the language and the temporality of the thesis are seeking to name.
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Ellis, Ryan. "Bad breath response to tongue scraper and rinses." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1465480.
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Im, Terry. "Bad breath response to tongue scraper and rinses." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1465483.
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Chan, Sik-chee Eva. "Mother-tongue teaching in Hong Kong secondary schools." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24533701.
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Rahman, Ashequr. "Prevention of Tongue Cancer at an Individual Level." Thesis, Faculty of Dentistry, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4233.
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Pisegna, Jessica Maxham. "The efficacy of the Masako (tongue-hold) maneuver." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12190.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (M.S.)--Boston UniversityPurpose: Clinicians commonly recommend the tongue-hold maneuver, also called the Masako, as an exercise to strengthen swallowing muscles. Although this exercise is widely used, limited empirical data support this maneuver as an effective exercise. The goal ofthe present study is to observe, over multiple sessions, the effects ofthe tongue- hold maneuver as a 6-week exercise in subjects with dysphagia. The results ofthis study will help to address whether the tongue-hold maneuver is beneficial and, if so, which muscle groups are strengthened by this exercise. Methods: Five subjects with dysphagia and one healthy adult performed a set oftongue- hold maneuvers 3 times a day, 5 days per week, for 6 weeks. The number o f repetitions per set was individually calculated based on 80% of the maximal repetitions until fatigue. At baseline and 6 weeks, 4 measures were observed: a subject-reported quality-of-life swallowing scale, lingual strength, the amount of residue in the valleculae, and the pressures generated by pharyngeal muscles during a normal swallow. Four healthy adults who did not perform the tongue-hold maneuver were used as controls for the lingual measures, completing the measures of lingual strength at baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks. Results: No overt trends in the subject-reported swallowing scale were noted; after 6 weeks of exercise, about half ranked their swallowing as worse and half ranked their swallowing as better. The treatment group demonstrated a non-significant overall2.3% increase in anteromedian lingual strength and 8.4% increase in posteromedian lingual strength. These changes did not set the treatment group apart from the control group, who demonstrated an increase of3.8% and 6.3% in the anteromedian and posteromedian positions, respectively. Regarding pharyngeal residue, 2 subjects did not show any changes in residue scores. However, the other 3 subjects demonstrated reduced residue in the valleculae with a cracker bolus. Out ofthe 3 subjects who were measured with manometry, 2 demonstrated higher oropharyngeal pressures on normal swallows after 6 weeks of exercise, although great variability was present. These results are limited by the small sample size and heterogeneity of the treatment group, as well as high variability in instrumental measurements. Conclusion: This study investigated the tongue-hold maneuver as an exercise and provides preliminary support for its use, with caution. Specifically, clinicians should be sure to prescribe regimens that fatigue swallowing muscles and push them past normal use. When using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) as a tool, clinicians should also keep in mind that a learning effect is likely to occur over the first few trials. This pilot study suggests that clinicians should continue to prescribe the tongue-hold maneuver as an exercise with caution, as some patients may benefit from it while others may not. Further investigation is required.
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Yuen, Po-wing. "The study of nodal metastasis of oral tongue carcinoma." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39793837.
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Chan, Chiu-ting. "The vowel characteristics of patients with partial glossectomy." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2003. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B38885190.
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Kesavan, Roshini. "Statistical properties of the tongue movement during natural speech." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168660.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this paper is to extract and understand the statistics of tongue movementand analyze the pattern of their movement in free speech.The data used here is the audio signals and sensor readings of the tongue movement offour native English speakers with American accent.Tools from signal processing and probability theory are used to characterize the timeseriescorresponding to the tongue movements. For each speech segment we will create afeature vector corresponding to the spectral properties of the movement. By pooling thesefeatures corresponding to each speech epoch, the principal components of the movementsof different subjects are extracted and studied for their similarity.The transition dynamics will be investigated by creating a transition matrix that woulddescribe the probability of the tongue to move from one location to another in freespeech. Such transition matrices corresponding to the four subjects will be compared fortheir statistical similarities.
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Pizza, Joseph. "Exorcizing the tongue : English Roman Catholic poetics, 1829-1922." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.550549.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although the importance of religion, and particularly of Tractarianism, in nineteenth- century literature has been recognized for some time, little has been done - outside of studies dedicated specifically to the poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins - to document the work of Roman Catholic poets in the period. In choosing to explore this relatively unknown territory, I have focused on the poetry and poetic theory of five English Roman Catholics, inquiring, in the Introduction, whether or not their work as a group presents an overarching poetic like that of their better known predecessors, the Tractarians. In Chapter Two, "The Tractarian Poetic and English Roman Catholic Poets," I consider Tractarianism as the most likely predecessor for Roman Catholic poets in the period and examine some of the problems inherent in assuming the existence of denominational poetics. Chapter Three, "'Lead, kindly light': Newman's Poetic Journey," focuses on the work of the Tractarian turned Roman Catholic poet John Henry Newman and discusses his "The Dream of Gerontius" as a turning point in the attempt to found a distinctively Roman Catholic poetry. Chapter Four, "Sprung Rhythm and the Second Spring," considers Gerard Manley Hopkins' s discussions of sprung rhythm in relation to Newman's and Archbishop Manning's calls for a Roman Catholic Literature opposed to what they believed to be the inherent Protestantism of the dominant literary tradition, paying special attention to Hopkins's negotiation of John Milton's influence in his work. Chapter Five, "'Of realty the rarest veined unraveller': Hopkins and Victorian Marianism," continues the discussion of Hopkins by uncovering the importance of Victorian controversies over the role ofthe Blessed Virgin Mary in his life and work. Chapter Six, "'Magna Est Veritas': Coventry Patmore and the Development of a Conservative Catholic Poetic," turns the discussion to a consideration of the role of Catholicism in the work of Pat more and of its relation to the major ecclesiastical force in the nineteenth-century Roman Catholic Church, Ultramontanism. Chapter Seven, "'An angry attack on Catholic Philistinism': Francis Thompson's Liberal Catholic Poetic," focuses on Thompson's I difficult relationships with both the Church of Rome and with adherents of literary Decadence, detailing his attempt to forge a liberal tradition within Roman Catholic Literature. Chapter Eight, "Faithful Rhythms: Alice Meynell and Roman Catholic Poetry at the Fin de Siecle;" looks at Meynell's work in relation to her male coreligionists, highlighting the differences in attitude and subject matter that appear in her verse. In the Conclusion, the underlying question of the study, whether or not the various attempts of these poets to form a distinctively Roman Catholic Literature constitute a poetic like that of the Tractarians, is answered, and the relations between the work of these writers and that of Roman and Anglo-Catholic poets of the twentieth century is considered.