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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 15 червня 2024

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1

Kpanake, Lonzozou, Valérie Igier, and Maria Teresa Muñoz Sastre. "Cultural Differences in Perceived Appropriateness of Breaking Bad News to Patients: A Direct Comparison of Togo and France." Universitas Psychologica 18, no. 2 (July 15, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy18-2.cdpa.

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We examined cross-cultural differences in people’s positions regarding the appropriateness of breaking of bad news to elderly patients. A total of 450 Togolese and French people who had in the past received bad medical news were presented with 72 vignettes depicting communication of bad news to elderly female patients and asked to indicate the appropriateness of physicians’ conduct in each case. The vignettes comprised five pieces of information: (a) the severity of the disease, (b) the patient’s wishes, (c) the level of social support during hospitalization, (d) the patient’s psychological robustness, and (e) the physician’s decision about communicating bad news. Through cluster analysis, six qualitatively different positions were found: (a) Always Tell the Truth to Patients, (b) Tell the Truth to Patients or their Relatives, (c) Depends on Patients’ Wishes, (d) Tell the Truth to the Relatives, (e) Don’t Tell the Truth to Patients, and (f) Undetermined. The French participants reported a stronger tendency to endorse the view that physicians should always tell the truth directly to the patient than the Togolese participants. In contrast, there was a stronger tendency among the Togolese participants to endorse the view that physicians should inform the patient’s family first than among the French. These findings highlight the importance for physicians, at the time of delivering bad news, of considering patients’ cultural values and of tailoring their disclosure approaches to match the diversity of patients’ personal preferences.
2

Miesso, Abalo, and Adikou Missiagbeto. "ELITES ET HISTOIRE: LE MOUVEMENT PAN-EWE ET LADMINISTRATION COLONIALE FRANCAISE AU TOGO." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 07 (July 31, 2023): 787–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17285.

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This article aims to analyze the stakes of the pan-Ewe movement in the struggle for liberation which, initiated by the Togolese intellectual elites at the end of the First World War, reached its full extent after the Second World War. These elites, considered as pioneers in the history of the country in this period of political, economic and social crises, have been able to play the role that was theirs, accompanied by the brave ladies of Lome and its surroundings. The essence of the pan-Ewe movement comes down to the determination of traditional or modern elites to create a concept of history in connection with the protest movements whose goal is the reunification of the two Togolese. For this research, it is not a question of abstractly extracting from the pan-Ewe movement the theoretical inconsistencies that led to the mixed results in the struggle for liberation, but of analyzing the spiritual principle of this movement in order to avoid the reach of false subjective opinions which constitute an obstacle for the said movement. Because if the pan-Ewe movement did not succeed in bringing together the two Togos (British and French), with its extension known as pan-Togolese, it knew how to play its role in having led French Togo to its sovereignty. international.
3

Atitsogbe, Kokou A., Enyonam Y. Kossi, Paboussoum Pari, and Jérôme Rossier. "Decent Work in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Application of Psychology of Working Theory in a Sample of Togolese Primary School Teachers." Journal of Career Assessment 29, no. 1 (June 3, 2020): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069072720928255.

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This study examined the validity of Psychology of Working Theory (PWT) in a context of sub-Saharan Africa. A sample of 334 Togolese primary school teachers completed the French versions of the Decent Work Scale (DWS), the Togolese adapted form of the Satisfaction With Life Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS), and several items about meaning at work and other personal and contextual variables (e.g., subjective salary conditions). The results suggest that both the DWS and the JSS are valid in this specific cultural setting. Although a person-centered variable (i.e., safe working conditions) was related to job satisfaction, only those variables that would have positive effects on workers’ family members and relatives (i.e., access to health care, adequate compensation, free time and rest, and complementary values) were related to life satisfaction. Overall, the results supported the validity of PWT. Implications for labor policy, individuals, employers, and counseling are discussed.
4

Kounou, Kossi B., Eric Bui, Fabrice Brodard, and Laurent Schmitt. "Narcissistic tendencies differences between French and Togolese patients with a major depressive disorder." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 63, no. 3 (May 2017): 278–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764016685120.

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5

Gehrmann, Susanne. "Emerging Afro-Parisian ‘chick-lit’ by Lauren Ekué and Léonora Miano." Feminist Theory 20, no. 2 (February 24, 2019): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464700119831539.

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This article examines the novels Icône urbaine (2005, Urban Icon) by French-Togolese writer Lauren Ekué and Blues pour Elise (2010, Blues for Elise) by French-Cameroonian/Afropean writer Léonora Miano, with regard to their contribution to chick-lit in a broad sense. With a focus on urban working women, their love lives and consumerism, these novels fulfil a number of criteria of mainstream chick-lit. At the same time, however, a serious concern for structural power relations is inscribed into these texts. Both novelists make ample use of intermedial writing such as structural borrowing from and references to music, TV formats and the fashion press. I will analyse these narrative strategies and address how far Ekué and Miano copy, rewrite and reinvent the Anglo-American chick-lit genre from the transnational perspective of the African Diaspora in France and considering the peculiarities of black Paris as a space.
6

Chabrol, Henri, Stacey Callahan, and Natacha Fredaigue. "CANNABIS USE BY FRENCH ADOLESCENTS." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 39, no. 4 (April 2000): 400–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-200004000-00007.

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7

Kokou-Kpolou, Cyrille Kossigan, Jude Mary Cénat, Pari-Gole Noorishad, Sunyoung Park, and Marie-Frédérique Bacqué. "A comparison of prevalence and risk factor profiles of prolonged grief disorder among French and Togolese bereaved adults." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 55, no. 6 (February 12, 2020): 757–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01840-w.

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8

Amedegnato, Ozouf Sénamin. "L’Afrique à rebours: la décadence dans un corpus de littérature Togolaise." Nordlit 15, no. 2 (March 26, 2012): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.2046.

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During the past fifteen years, the West African country of Togo has witnessed the emergence of a new generation of writers - a third generation since independence from colonisation - working in the French language. Born around 1960, these writers have been making their way onto the literary scene since approximately 1990. A certain number of distinctive traits, which have attracted the attention of critics, unequivocally delineate this generation from the two that preceded it. Among these is a new literary aesthetic that resonates with the fin de siècle - with the end of the twentieth century, but also with the end of the second millennium. Moreover, such ends of time cycles, because they exacerbate apprehension about the future and provoke a desire to re-evaluate the past, are propitious to the development of Decadent literatures.The goal of this contribution is to examine parallels between the nineteenth century Decadence movement and the new literary aesthetic being employed by Togolese writers of the third generation - and to thereby demonstrate that their aesthetic is without question a neo-Decadent one. Not only does it emerge at the end of the century/millennium, a time when humanity is inevitably reflecting on its fate, but it also coincides with the accelerating globalisation of information (the Internet) and of commercial markets, a context worth taking into account in that it represents a symbolic loss of landmarks, and a doing away with traditional frontiers - both themes that have preoccupied Decadents of all times and all places. Using the work of two Togolese writers (Kossi Efoui and Sami Tchak), this article will explore in exactly what ways these writers can be categorized as Decadents, and the different methods of transgression they use to depict their discontent with their society of origin, which, at the end of the twentieth century, is in a situation of political, economic and social decay.
9

De Man, A. F., L. Labréche-Gauthier, and C. P. Leduc. "Correlates of Anomie in French-Canadian Adolescents." Journal of Social Psychology 133, no. 2 (April 1993): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1993.9712132.

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10

Werebe, Maria Jose Garcia. "Friendship and dating relationships among French adolescents." Journal of Adolescence 10, no. 3 (September 1987): 269–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1971(87)80004-0.

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11

Marechal, C., and M. Choquet. "Alcohol prevention among adolescents: a French experiment." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 26, no. 3 (November 1990): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-8716(90)90164-a.

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12

Rose, Gregory M., Aysen Bakir, and Elodie Gentina. "Money meanings among French and American adolescents." Journal of Consumer Marketing 33, no. 5 (August 8, 2016): 364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-07-2015-1497.

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Purpose This paper examines adolescent’ money attitudes in the USA and France. It introduces and validates an 18-item scale for assessing adolescent money attitudes, explores the symbolic values that American and French teens attach to money, identifies the major segments of teens based on their attitudes toward money and assesses the importance that these groups place on price, novelty and brand name. Design/methodology/approach Twenty-eight in-depth interviews were initially conducted to explore adolescent’ money attitudes, assist in the development of measures and provide a context for interpreting subsequent results. Exploratory factor analysis (among 90 French and 70 American adolescents), followed by confirmatory factor analysis (among 332 French and 273 American adolescents) indicated that six dimensions captured money meanings. These dimensions were used in a subsequent cluster analysis to group teens into segments. Findings Six dimensions (worry, achievement, status, security, budget and evil) captured teenage money attitudes among French and American adolescents. A cluster analysis based on these dimensions yielded three groups: no worries, success and security. These three groups varied in their attitudes toward money and the importance that they placed on price, brand and novelty in purchasing. Practical implications This study provides measures for assessing adolescent money meanings and presents a preliminary segmentation of USA and French adolescents based on their attitudes toward money. Originality/value The results explore the impact of money attitudes on adolescent consumption preferences, demonstrate the utility of measuring adolescent’ money attitudes and segmenting adolescents based on these attitudes and emphasize the importance of both cultural and individual differences.
13

Tubert-Jeannin, Stephanie, Jean-Pierre Lardon, Emmanuel Pham, and Jean-Louis Martin. "Factors affecting caries experience in French adolescents." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 22, no. 1 (February 1994): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1994.tb01565.x.

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14

Jalenques, Isabelle, Candy Guiguet-Auclair, Diane Cyrille, Clement Debosque, Philippe Derost, Andreas Hartmann, Sophie Lauron, Clara Jameux, Urbain Tauveron—Jalenques, and Fabien Rondepierre. "The French version of the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome Quality of Life Scale for adolescents (GTS-QOL-French-Ado): Adaptation and psychometric evaluation." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 30, 2022): e0278383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278383.

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Introduction The aim of this study was to create a new version of the French GTS-QOL adapted to adolescents with GTS aged 12–16 years (GTS-QOL-French-Ado) and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods We assessed the psychometric properties of the GTS-QOL-French-Ado in 84 adolescents (mean age 13.6 years, standard deviation 1.2) in terms of factor structure, internal consistency, reliability and convergent validity with the Child Depression Inventory (CDI), the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC), the Motor tic, Obsessions and compulsions, Vocal tic Evaluation Survey (MOVES) and the French “Vécu et Santé Perçue de l’Adolescent” (VSP-A), a generic self-administered measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents. Results Exploratory factor analysis of the GTS-QOL-French-Ado resulted in a 5-factor solution. The GTS-QOL-French-Ado demonstrated good acceptability with missing values per subscale ranging from 0% to 1.2%, good internal consistency for four of the five subscales with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.56 to 0.87 and good test–retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.74 (95% CI: 0.52–0.86) to 0.82 (95% CI: 0.66–0.91). Convergent validity was supported by correlations with CDI, MASC, MOVES, VSP-A and clinical variables. Discussion The GTS-QOL-French-Ado is the first disease-specific HRQoL tool for French-speaking adolescents with GTS aged 12–16 years, and shows good psychometric properties. Further psychometric testing on responsiveness to change would be of great interest.
15

De Man, A. F., L. Labrèche-Gauthier, and C. P. Leduc. "Parental Control and Anomie in French-Canadian Adolescents." Psychological Reports 69, no. 1 (August 1991): 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.69.1.199.

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16

Cuvellier, Jean-Christophe, Frédéric Couttenier, Sylvie Joriot-Chekaf, and Louis Vallée. "Chronic Daily Headache in French Children and Adolescents." Pediatric Neurology 38, no. 2 (February 2008): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.10.001.

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17

Kovess, Viviane, Sabine Choppin, Fei Gao, Mathilde Pivette, Mathilde Husky, and Emmanuelle Leray. "Psychotropic Medication Use in French Children and Adolescents." Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 25, no. 2 (March 2015): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cap.2014.0058.

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18

Laurent, A., N. Foussard, M. David, and J. Boucharlat. "A Follow-Up Study of French Suicidal Adolescents." European Psychiatry 12, S2 (1997): 229s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(97)80726-2.

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19

MA, A. F. DE. "PARENTAL CONTROL AND ANOMIE IN FRENCH-CANADIAN ADOLESCENTS." Psychological Reports 69, no. 5 (1991): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.69.5.199-200.

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20

Delgado, Beatriz, José M. García-Fernández, María C. Martínez-Monteagudo, Cándido J. Inglés, Juan C. Marzo, Annette M. La Greca, and Mandarine Hugon. "Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents and School Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties in French adolescents." Child Psychiatry & Human Development 50, no. 1 (June 2, 2018): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10578-018-0818-4.

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21

Teculescu, Dan B., Agnès Bruant, Catherine Aubry, Quang Thieu Pham, Claude Kuntz, Jean-Pierre Deschamps, and Michel Manciaux. "Pertussis in French Adolescents: Risk Factors and Respiratory Sequels." Respiration 58, no. 1 (1991): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000195889.

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22

Lorente, Fabrice O., Marc Souville, Jean Griffet, and Laurent Grélot. "Participation in sports and alcohol consumption among French adolescents." Addictive Behaviors 29, no. 5 (July 2004): 941–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.02.039.

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23

Gros, Marion, Camille Jung, Christine Fourmaux, Annie Kamdem, Cécile Arnaud, Isabelle Hau, Corinne Pondarre, and Adèle Carlier-Gonod. "Sexual health of French adolescents with sickle cell disease." European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care 25, no. 4 (June 4, 2020): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2020.1774868.

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24

Weissenbach, Michel, Nearkasen Chau, Lahoucine Benamghar, Christine Lion, Francoise Schwartz, and Jean Vadot. "Oral health in adolescents from a small French town." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 23, no. 3 (June 1995): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.1995.tb00219.x.

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25

Smith, Shelley L., and Peter H. Buschang. "Midsagittal facial soft-tissue growth of French Canadian adolescents." American Journal of Human Biology 14, no. 4 (June 2002): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.10061.

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26

Ledoux, Sylvie, Marie Choquet, and Martine Flament. "Eating disorders among adolescents in an unselected French population." International Journal of Eating Disorders 10, no. 1 (January 1991): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-108x(199101)10:1<81::aid-eat2260100109>3.0.co;2-k.

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27

Neto, FéLix. "SOCIAL ADAPTATION DIFFICULTIES OF ADOLESCENTS WITH IMMIGRANT BACKGROUNDS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 30, no. 4 (January 1, 2002): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2002.30.4.335.

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This paper examines the social adaptation among Portuguese youth born in France. The study sample consisted of one hundred and nine Portuguese second generation migrants resident in Paris (34% male and 66% female). The following instruments were administered to all subjects: the Social Adaptation Scale, the Acculturation Attitudes Scales, the Acculturative Experience Scale, the Cultural Maintenance Scale, the Acculturative Stress Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale, as well as a background inventory. No gender, age or religion participation differences were found, but there were significant effects on social adaptation with ethnic identity, migratory plans and acculturation attitudes. The greatest amount of social difficulty was experienced by adolescents who endorsed a separatist position, the least by assimilated respondents – however, there were no other significant differences among the four groups. Social adaptation showed negative correlation with French acculturation experience, French language competency, satisfaction in the host society, satisfaction with life and self-esteem and positive correlation with Portuguese cultural maintenance and acculturative stress. Social learning variables, such as French language competency and Portuguese cultural maintenance, were stronger predictors of social adaptation than were psychological adaptation variables.
28

Maïano, Christophe, Alexandre J. S. Morin, Johana Monthuy-Blanc, and Jean-Marie Garbarino. "Construct Validity of the Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale in a Community Sample of French Adolescents." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 26, no. 1 (January 2010): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000004.

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The main objective of the present series of studies was to test the construct validity (i.e., content, factorial, and convergent validities) of the Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale (FNAES) in a community sample of French adolescents. A total sample of 683 adolescents was involved in three studies. The factorial validity and the measurement invariance of the FNAES were verified through a series of confirmatory factor analyses. The convergent validity of the FNAES was then verified through correlational analyses. The first study showed that the content and formulation of the French FNAES items were adequate for children and adolescents. The following two studies (Studies 2 to 3) provided (a) support for the factor validity, reliability, and convergent validity of a five-item French version of the FNAES, and (b) partial support for the measurement invariance of the resulting FNAES across genders. However, the latent mean structure of the FNAES did not prove to be invariant across genders, revealing a significantly higher latent mean score of FNAES in girls relative to boys. The present results, thus, provide preliminary evidence regarding the construct validity of the FNAES in a community sample of French adolescents. Recommendations for future practice and research regarding this instrument are outlined.
29

van Rouveroy van Nieuwaal, Emile A. B. "Esquisse du Parlementarisme et du Monopartisme en Afrique: Le cas du Togo." Afrika Focus 5, no. 3-4 (January 15, 1989): 107–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0050304002.

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An Outline of the Parliamentarism and the One Party System in AfriKa: The Case of Togo. Witnessed the last hundred years profound political and constitutional changes. In this respect there are many differences between African States depending on which kind of colonial overlord has been the ruling power. The African State was a juridical entity in international law, but was it also, at the time of independence, an empirical entity in national fact? In almost all cases the empirical reality as a functioning government was still primarily the presence of European bureaucrats who has embodied the colonial state. Independence therefore opened a gap between the international legitimacy and the internal marginality of many emergent African State. The gap often presented a real political dilemma to the new African rulers: they usually could retain European officials only by compromising their national independence and could dispense with them only at the risk of undermining governmental performance. After adoption of European constitutional law and with, initially, a high degree of similarity between most constitutions in French-speaking Africa, nowadays these constitutions differ widely, contrary to the Commonwealth Africa that has experienced fewer innovations and constitutional breakdowns. Parliamentary systems of government gave way to One Party Systems, introduced in many cases by the national army, as the best equiped, trained, paid and organised power in the country. This has been the political and constitutional development in Togo as well. Since 1969, it has a One Party System, the Rassemblement du Peuple Togolais, founded by the President of the Togolese Republic, Gen. Gnassingbé Eyadéma. But, as everywhere else, doubts are growing about the effectiveness of the One Party System. Are the Togolese perspectives such that Eyadéma is willing to have an open mind and to be all ears for the critics to his own creation? Another intriguing question is to know in which way the African traditional authorities (“chieftancy”), as the core of the concern for the local world and as the embodiment of a moral and political order, could have a new (?) role in the socio-political development of the state in Africa? Will the chiefs’ position in the long term be that of a noble élite, an echo from the past, useful as a tourist attraction or as managers of fun parks with safari possibilities.
30

Ensink, Karin, Michaël Bégin, Judith Kotiuga, Carla Sharp, and Lina Normandin. "Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children and Adolescents." Adolescent Psychiatry 10, no. 1 (April 24, 2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210676609666190820145256.

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Background: The Borderline Personality Feature Scale for Children (BPFS-C) is currently the only dimensional measure of child and adolescent borderline features and the English version has been shown to have good psychometric properties. To extend the use of this measure with French speaking adolescents, it is essential to examine the reliability and validity of the French BPFS-C. Objective: The present study sought to assess the psychometric properties of the French BPFS-C. Methods: A community sample of 394 adolescents and young adults completed the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children (BPFS-C), as well as the Million Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI) borderline tendency subscale, the Child Behavior Checklist- Youth Self-Report (CBCL-YSR) and the Beck Youth Inventories (BYI). Results: The findings show that both the long and short French BPFS-C have good internal consistency and convergent validity. Affect regulation, identity, relationship difficulties and self-harm were found to be closely inter-connected rather than distinct factors. Conclusion: The findings indicate that both long and short versions of French BPFS-C have good psychometric properties and provide preliminary evidence that the total scores are reliable and valid indicators of borderline personality features in adolescents and young adults.
31

Cychosz, Margaret. "Bilingual adolescent vowel production in the Parisian suburbs." International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 6 (July 11, 2018): 1291–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918781075.

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Aims and objectives: The study examines how bilingualism and adolescent identity interact to influence acoustic vowel patterns. This is examined in students at a secondary school in the socially and economically disadvantaged working-class Parisian suburbs. Design: The front, round vowels /y/, /ø/, and /œ/ were analyzed in the speech of ( N = 22) adolescents. Three student groups were juxtaposed: monolingual Franco-French ( N = 9) and two simultaneous bilingual groups, Arabic-French ( N = 6), and Bantu-French ( N = 7). Crucially, unlike French, these contact languages do not have phonemically round front vowels. Data and analysis: To elicit naturalistic speech, sociolinguistic interviews were conducted with students speaking in dyads or small groups. Vowel roundedness, derived from acoustic measurements of the third formant and the difference between the third and second formants, was compared across speaker groups. Findings: Results show an effect of bilingual status for male speakers – monolingual speakers pattern differently from both bilingual groups. Still, bilingual Bantu-French and Arabic-French speakers show some distinct patterning. This suggests influences beyond first-language phonology on bilingual speakers’ production of French. Originality: This is one of the first studies to look beyond Arabic substrate influence in emerging Hexagonal urban youth vernaculars. It contributes naturalistic data from those most prone to language change, adolescents, for the study of French in contact. Finally, the study proposes a type of ‘laboratory in the field’: because none of the contact languages contrast vowels by roundedness, first-language influence is controlled for and the effect of social stigmatization upon speech can be isolated. Implications: The findings suggest that the social and ethnic divisions between dominant ethnic groups and minorities of immigrant descent may even be reflected in their phonetic patterning. Because these patterns are present in adolescents, who are the source of much language change, a connection between segregation and language change is drawn.
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POOLEY, TIM, and ZOUBIDA MOSTEFAI-HAMPSHIRE. "Code-crossing and multilingualism among adolescents in Lille." Journal of French Language Studies 22, no. 3 (May 9, 2012): 371–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959269512000208.

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ABSTRACTIn this study we investigate code-crossing and multilingualism among 13–14 year olds in three schools (five classes) in the northern French city of Lille, based on data elicited during one-to-one interviews as part of a broader study of adolescent language in the city. With regard to code-crossing the study focuses on the indicative evidence of acquisition of (dialectal) Arabic by adolescents of European or Metropolitan French family background, gleaned from a series of language tests. The results suggest that for subjects of Metropolitan French background, interethnic friendships, bolstered by playful use of the language of the Other, are the single most important factor in non-institutional acquisition of Dialectal Arabic. These findings receive a degree of confirmation from the professed familiarity with a variety of Rom in one class group. Cross-ethnic language acquisition does not, however, appear to correlate in any significant way with factors that may be said to frame the socio-cultural space (such as tastes in music and style of dress) in which these teenage informants were moving at the time of the fieldwork. With regard to multilingualism subjects were found to have had exposure to a variety of European and one West-African language (Wolof). On the evidence of the language tests, the largest ethnically defined minority group, the Maghrebians manifested a range of competence in Arabic, with apparently significant differences between subjects of Algerian and Moroccan extraction.
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Drouillet-Pinard, Peggy, Carine Dubuisson, Isabelle Bordes, Irène Margaritis, Sandrine Lioret, and Jean-Luc Volatier. "Socio-economic disparities in the diet of French children and adolescents: a multidimensional issue." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 5 (November 16, 2016): 870–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016002895.

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AbstractObjectiveThe present research aimed to study the multidimensionality of the link between dietary intake and socio-economic position (SEP) in a representative sample of French children and adolescents, using a variety of SEP indicators.DesignData from the second French national food consumption survey (INCA2) were used. Information on food consumption was collected using a 7d food record and SEP data (occupation, education, income, household wealth indices) using questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed separately in children and adolescents to assess the relationships between dietary components (food groups and macronutrients) and each dimension of SEP.SettingThe INCA2 survey, France.SubjectsA representative sample of French children (3–10 years of age; n 574) and adolescents (11–17 years of age; n 881).ResultsCompared with children from a higher SEP, those from a lower SEP had lower intakes of fruit and vegetables, yoghurts and confectionery and higher intakes of starchy foods, meat, milk, sugar-sweetened beverages and pizzas/sandwiches. Similar results were observed in adolescents for fruit and vegetables, yoghurts and sugar-sweetened beverages. Adolescents also had lower intakes of cakes/pastries and higher intakes of processed meat and dairy desserts. Neither energy nor protein intake was associated with SEP. Adolescents from a lower SEP had higher carbohydrate and lower lipid intakes. Overall, these findings were consistent across the various dimensions of SEP, but the gradient was steeper depending on the caregiver’s educational level.ConclusionsThis research highlights the need for specific messages to help poorly educated families adopt good eating habits.
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Janssen, Eric, Olivier Le Nézet, Jalpa Shah, Sandra Chyderiotis, Alex Brissot, Antoine Philippon, Stéphane Legleye, and Stanislas Spilka. "Increasing socioeconomic disparities in tobacco smoking decline among French adolescents (2000–2017)." Journal of Public Health 42, no. 4 (November 18, 2019): e449-e457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdz135.

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Abstract Background This paper studies the evolution of transitions from first cigarette use to daily use by socioeconomic status (SES) among French adolescents over the course of 17 years, in a context of decreasing prevalence of tobacco use. Methods A total of 182 266 adolescents participated in the nationally representative ESCAPAD survey at nine different time points between 2000 and 2017. Discrete time-event analysis was used to model the transition to daily cigarette use as a function of SES, gender, age at onset and the use of other psychoactive substances. Results Although lifetime cigarette smoking and daily cigarette smoking decreased significantly over the studied time span, suggesting a positive impact of prevention policies, disadvantaged adolescents were consistently more prone to engage in daily cigarette smoking, more so in 2017 than 15 years earlier. In the same time span, transitions from initiation to daily cigarette smoking have shortened, with an accelerated pace among underprivileged adolescents. Conclusions Accelerated transitions from initiation to daily cigarette use are a prevalent trend among disadvantaged adolescents in France. Efforts to mitigate the impact of marketing strategies and to promote health literacy should be pursued to reduce social inequalities in health.
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De Man, A. F., L. Labrèche-Gauthier, and C. P. Leduc. "Parent-Child Relationships and Suicidal Ideation in French-Canadian Adolescents." Journal of Genetic Psychology 154, no. 1 (March 1993): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221325.1993.9914717.

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36

Caflisch, Marianne, and Patrick Alvin. "Hospitalization of adolescents in pediatric wards: A French national study." Journal of Adolescent Health 22, no. 2 (February 1998): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-139x(97)83203-x.

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37

Laurent, Annie, and Andrew Derry. "Violence of French adolescents toward their parents: characteristics and contexts." Journal of Adolescent Health 25, no. 1 (July 1999): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00134-7.

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38

Bellisle, France, Pascale Hébel, Justine Colin, Béatrice Reyé, and Sinead Hopkins. "Consumption of whole grains in French children, adolescents and adults." British Journal of Nutrition 112, no. 10 (October 10, 2014): 1674–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514002670.

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The consumption of whole grain foods is associated with many nutritional, health and weight control benefits. The present study assessed whole grain intake in France on the basis of a 7 d dietary survey in a representative sample of children, adolescents and adults (Comportements et Consommations Alimentaires en France 2010 survey). Special care was taken to identify and assess the intake of all whole grains. All foods consumed were considered, with no lower limit on whole grain content. For the majority of foods, details regarding the whole grain contents were obtained from brand information and quantitative nutrient declarations on food labels. Over half of the respondents reported never consuming any whole grain. In participants who did, consumption levels were very low (about 9·1 g/d in children and 14·4 g/d in adults). The main food sources of whole grains were breakfast cereals in children and adolescents and bread in adults. Consumers of whole grains had higher daily intakes of fibre and several vitamins and minerals than non-consumers. In adults but not in children, the OR for overweight/obesity decreased significantly as the level of whole grain consumption increased. Although a majority of French consumers comply with the national recommendation to consume a starchy food with each meal, they do so with minimal consumption of whole grain foods.
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Guillemant, J., P. Taupin, H. T. Le, N. Taright, A. Allemandou, G. Pérès, and S. Guillemant. "Vitamin D Status During Puberty in French Healthy Male Adolescents." Osteoporosis International 10, no. 3 (September 1, 1999): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980050219.

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40

Frappart, Sören, Mylène Moine, Saïd Jmel, and Olga Megalakaki. "Exploring French adolescents’ and adults’ comprehension of the greenhouse effect." Environmental Education Research 24, no. 3 (March 11, 2016): 378–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2016.1147529.

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41

Miranda, Dave, and Michel Claes. "Rap Music Genres and Deviant Behaviors in French-Canadian Adolescents." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 33, no. 2 (April 2004): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:joyo.0000013423.34021.45.

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42

Klein-Platat, C., A. Wagner, M. C. Haan, D. Arveiler, J. L. Schlienger, and C. Simon. "Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of overweight in young French adolescents." Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews 19, no. 2 (2003): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.368.

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43

Stockman, J. A. "Tuberculosis in Adolescents: A French Retrospective Study of 52 Cases." Yearbook of Pediatrics 2008 (January 2008): 264–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0084-3954(08)70418-4.

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44

Gajria, K., E. Flood, C. N. Dietrich, B. Romero, S. Paillé, and V. Sikirica. "Carer perspective on treatment, comorbidities and diagnosis of Paediatric ADHD in France." European Psychiatry 29, S3 (November 2014): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.187.

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ObjectivesTo examine treatment, comorbidity status and diagnosis among the French sample of the Caregiver Perspective of Pediatric ADHD (CAPPA) survey.MethodsCarers in 10 EU countries, including France, completed an Internet survey regarding ADHD diagnosis, treatment and comorbidities. Descriptive statistics were calculated for categorical [n (%)] and continuous variables [mean, standard deviation (SD), median, range].ResultsEU carers representing 3688 children/adolescents (6–17 years) with ADHD completed the survey; 486 were from France (median age 10 years, 84% male). Most (77%) French children/adolescents were currently receiving pharmacological treatment(s): 74% stimulant, 15% non-stimulant and 22% antipsychotic. Across countries, stimulant use ranged from 60% (Italy) to 93% (Germany/Netherlands), non-stimulant use from 1% (Germany) to 18% (Sweden) and antipsychotic use from 8% (Germany) to 46% (Italy). Many French children/adolescents received behaviour therapy (BT) after ADHD diagnosis (59%). Among those receiving BT, 52% began prior to starting medication. BT was often discontinued within 6 months (44%) or 6–12 (30%) months. 52% of carers reported ≥ 1 comorbidity; they reported the highest rates of conduct (24%), sleep (11%), eating (6%) and motor-coordination (6%) disorders, and the second-highest rates of anxiety (22%), learning difficulties (15%), oppositional defiant disorder (5%), bipolar disorder (4%) and epilepsy (2%). Time to diagnosis from first doctor's visit averaged 7 months (SD 11, median 3). 81% received a specialist referral. French carers reported the highest perceived difficulty (‘great deal’/’a lot’ of difficulty) obtaining a diagnosis (43%) and a specialist referral (53%).ConclusionsThis sample of French children/adolescents with ADHD had higher non-stimulant and antipsychotic use than most other countries and higher reports of certain comorbid conditions. Carers perceived greater difficulty in obtaining a diagnosis and seeing a specialist, although time to diagnosis was lower compared with a number of other countries.
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de Man, A. F., L. Labreche-Gauthier, and C. P. Leduc. "A FRENCH-CANADIAN VERSION OF THE AUTONOMY-CONTROL SCALE FOR USE WITH ADOLESCENTS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 19, no. 2 (January 1, 1991): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1991.19.2.99.

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One-hundred-and -ten French-Canadian adolescents (60 boys, 50 girls) participated in an analysis of the French version of the Autonomy-Control Scale. Correlations with selected personality variables were obtained. Associations were found between parental control and measures of self-esteem, multi-dimensional locus of control, anomie, life stress, and depression. The scale's correlational characteristics were in line with findings reported in the literature.
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Boyer, Laurent, Jean-Marc Henry, Jean-Claude Samuelian, Raoul Belzeaux, Pascal Auquier, Christophe Lancon, and David Da Fonseca. "Mental Disorders among Children and Adolescents Admitted to a French Psychiatric Emergency Service." Emergency Medicine International 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/651530.

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The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of children and adolescents admitted to the psychiatric emergency department (ED) of a French public teaching hospital over a six-year study period (2001–2006). Data for all episodes of care in the psychiatric ED from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2006, delivered to adolescents aged less than 18 years were retrospectively analyzed. During the six-year study period, 335 episodes of care in the psychiatric ED were experienced by 264 different adolescents. They accounted for 2.0% of the 16,754 care episodes of the ED; 164 patients (62.1) were female and the average age was 16.5 (SD = 1.6). The neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders were the most frequent (25.4%) and concerned mainly anxiety disorders (15.2%). The frequency of the absence of psychiatric diagnosis (22.7%) was high. A total of 48 children and adolescents (18.2%) benefited from more than one episode of care. Several factors were associated to a higher number of visits to the ED: substance use, schizophrenia, disorders of adult personality and behaviour, disorders occurring in childhood and adolescence, and dual diagnosis. In conclusion, mental health disorders in children and adolescents are a serious problem associated with several potentially modifiable factors.
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Kircher, Ruth. "Language Attitudes among Adolescents in Montreal: Potential Lessons for Language Planning in Québec." Nottingham French Studies 55, no. 2 (July 2016): 239–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2016.0151.

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Over the last four decades, numerous laws have been implemented with the aim of strengthening the position of French in Québec. Nevertheless, the French language remains threatened – firstly due to the status of English as the global lingua franca, and secondly due to its role as the language of upward mobility in North America at large. Consequently, there are ongoing debates regarding the need for new language planning measures to protect and promote French. Some of the most prominent proposals in the recent past intended to limit access to Québec's English-speaking collèges d'enseignement général et professionnel, typically abbreviated to cégeps. The aim of these proposals was to prevent young francophones and allophones from integrating socially and professionally into the anglophone community. However, it was unclear whether such proposals would have the necessary attitudinal support at the grassroots level to be successful. This article thus presents the findings of a study which made use of a questionnaire and a matched-guise experiment to elicit the language attitudes of 147 francophone, anglophone and allophone adolescents in Montreal. Considering the findings of this study, the article argues that status and acquisition planning measures limiting access to English-speaking cégeps would likely be unsuccessful due to lacking attitudinal support, and that prestige planning measures would be a more feasible means of protecting and promoting the French language in Québec.
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Chapoton, Boris, Véronique Régnier Denois, Mabrouk Nekaa, Franck Chauvin, and Valentin Flaudias. "Social Networking Sites and Perceived Content Influence: An Exploratory Analysis from Focus Groups with French Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (September 25, 2020): 7025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197025.

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Social networking sites (SNSs) are invested in heavily by marketers aiming to reach a growing number of consumers. Concerns regarding the influence of posts displayed on SNSs in relation to behaviour were raised, in particular the promotion of ill-health behaviour directed to adolescents who may be at risk from suggestible practices. Although adolescents tend to be critical towards traditional forms of advertising, little is known about their perception of influencing strategies developed online, especially where sponsor- and user-generated content coexist. This exploratory study aims to gather information directly from adolescents about their use of SNSs their awareness of the influence that SNS content may have, particularly when it comes to tobacco and alcohol messages. Ten focus groups were conducted with 39 adolescents (11–16 years old; 56.4% male). Qualitative analysis documents the differences associated with adolescents’ favourite SNSs. The different parameters linked to each SNS and the expectation to find entertaining content and values associated with friendship may decrease adolescents’ perception of potential risk for health associated with SNS use. Authors advocate for the development of educational programs based on eHealth literacy and the use of social marketing techniques to facilitate and motivate adolescents to develop their competences.
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Vézina-Im, Lydi-Anne, Dominique Beaulieu, Stéphane Turcotte, Anne-Frédérique Turcotte, Joannie Delisle-Martel, Valérie Labbé, Lily Lessard, and Mariane Gingras. "Association between Beverage Consumption and Sleep Quality in Adolescents." Nutrients 16, no. 2 (January 18, 2024): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16020285.

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The objective of this study was to verify if the consumption of different beverages (such as water, 100% pure fruit juice, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)) is associated with adolescents’ sleep quality. French-speaking adolescents were recruited in person and online throughout the province of Québec (Canada) from the end of March to early July 2023. Beverage consumption and sleep quality were measured using French versions of validated questionnaires specifically designed for adolescents. A total of 218 adolescents (14–17 years; 55.5% female) completed the online survey. Among caffeinated SSBs, energy drink (rs = −0.16; p = 0.0197) and sugar-sweetened coffee (rs = −0.33; p < 0.0001) intake was correlated with adolescents’ sleep quality. Energy drink consumption (β = −0.0048; p = 0.0005) and being male (β = 0.6033; p < 0.0001) were associated with adolescents’ sleep quality. There was an interaction between sugar-sweetened coffee intake and biological sex that was associated with adolescents’ sleep quality (p = 0.0053). Sugar-sweetened coffee consumption was correlated with adolescent girls’ abilities to go to bed (rs = −0.21; p = 0.0203) and fall asleep (rs = −0.28; p = 0.0020), while in boys, it was only significantly correlated with their abilities to go to bed (rs = −0.27; p = 0.0069). Public health interventions aimed at adolescent boys should primarily target lowering energy drink consumption, while those aimed at girls should prioritize sugar-sweetened coffee intake to possibly improve their sleep quality.
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Fonju, Dr Njuafac Kenedy. "The Origins of 113 Years of Triple Brutal Pre-Colonial and Colonial Confusions (TBPCC) Under 58 Diplomatic Agents of Exploration, Expropriation and Exploitations (3Es) in the Togoland of the African Gulf of Guinea( TAGG) 1847-1960." Cross-Currents: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences 8, no. 7 (September 30, 2022): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.36344/ccijhss.2022.v08i07.002.

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The main focus of this paper deals with the triple colonial confusions in the Togoland with principal actors and agents from Germany, France and Britain spanning from the mid-19th to mid-20th Centuries. The activities of the Western diplomatic agents totaled 58 in different portfolios within 113 years from 1847 to 1960. The first period from 1847 to 1883 was not having any ranking agents but scattered commercial men and explorers by the Germans and other Europeans before the German final claimed. The second started from the Berlin Colonial Conference (BCC) of November 1884 - February 1885 with effective colonization of 1884-1914 by the Germans witnessed 15 agents of 3Es with different strategies of torturing the Togolese for hegemony. The third worst period of confusion occurred between 1914 and 1960 witnessed two different set of colonial inconsistencies following the partitioned of German Togoland into two distinctive British Togoland with one-third of the entire territory placed under 18 agents whose portion was set into total confusion by gaining independence in a foreign land of the Gold Coast which became Ghana in 1957 from the British as the first black African country. The last phase of hegemonic confusion was in the French Togoland with two- third of the entire territory which was placed under the domination of 25 agents but finally gained independence in 1960 as Togo which can be appreciable than what the British negligence of indirect rule and distance administration of their Togoland as sub-set of her Gold Coast as part of the population got the same frustration that happened in Northern British Cameroons. The outcome of the plebiscite again caused the loss Cameroon territory and population to a foreign neighbour when Cameroonians of that territory voted in favour of integrating with the Federal Republic of Nigeria instead of reunification with the former French Cameroon which became Republic of Cameroon in 1960.All those colonial confusions were due to
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