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1
Rust, D. M. "II. Solar Maximum Year." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 19, no. 1 (1985): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00006118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Work begun during the Solar Maximum Year (SMY) (1980-1981) was the focus of several sympsoia and workshops starting in March 1981 with the International SMY Workshop in Simferopol, Crimea (Obridko 1981). Results of the Annecy SMY Workshop (Annecy, France, October 1981) were presented in May 1982 with later work presented at the first SMY symposium (ĸvestka et al. 1982) in Ottawa, Canada. A special symposium for the Study of Travelling Interplanetary Phenomena was held in Maynooth, Ireland, in August 1982 (Shea et al. 1984). Another SMY workshop was held in November 1983 in Kunming, China (Chen 1984), and the second SMY symposium was held in June 1984 in Graz, Austria (Simon 1985). The scientific progress of the SMY is detailed in the above-mentioned publications and in the 1982 U.S.-Japan Seminar “Recent Advances in the Understanding of Solar Flares” (Kane et al. 1983). Highlights of the work of the SMY’s Flare Build-Up Study, Study of Energy Release in Flares, and Study of Travelling Interplanetary Phenomena are presented below.
2
Chaghtai, M. S. Z. "Vuv Spectra Y to Mo." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 102 (1988): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100107808.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using R.D. Cowan’s computations (1979) and parametric calculations of Meinders et al (1982), old analyses are thoroughly revised and extended at Aligarh, of Zr III by Khan et al (1981), of Nb IV by Shujauddin et Chaghtai (1985), of Mo V by Tauheed at al (1985). Cabeza et al (1986) confirmed the last one largely.Extensive studies have been reported of the 1–e spectra, Zr IV (Rahimullah et al 1980; Acquista and Reader 1980), Nb V (Shujauddin et al 1982; Kagan et al 1981) and Mo VI (Edlén et al 1985). Some interacting 4p54d2levels of these spectra have been reported from our laboratory, also.Detailed spectral analyses of transitions between excited states have furnished complete energy values for J ≠ 1 levels of these spectra during 1970s and 80s. Shujauddin et al (1982) have worked out Nb VI and Tauheed et al (1984) Mo VII from our lab, while Khan et al (1981) share the work on Zr V with Reader and Acquista (1979).
3
Vermeij, Geerat J., and Lindsey R. Leighton. "Does global diversity mean anything?" Paleobiology 29, no. 1 (2003): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2003)029<0003:dgdma>2.0.co;2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A major goal of paleobiological research since the early 1960s has been the reconstruction in quantitative terms of the history of biological diversity. Spearheaded by Valentine (1969), Raup (1972, 1976a, b), and Sepkoski (1979, 1981, 1984, 1990, 1993), this effort has yielded estimates of global diversity through time, as well as calculations of global rates and magnitudes of extinction and diversification. A consensus emerging in the early 1980s (Sepkoski et al. 1981) indicated that global marine invertebrate diversity rose through the Cambrian and Ordovician periods to a plateau, which with brief extinction-related interruptions was maintained from the mid-Paleozoic to the mid-Mesozoic. Beginning in the Cretaceous, diversity rose again, reaching a peak in the late Neogene. The five mass extinctions of the Phanerozoic, and more or less distinct episodes of diversification, were identified and distinguished from many lesser events (Raup and Sepkoski 1982). Comparable studies, with varying results, were conducted on land vertebrates (Benton 1985, 1989), land plants (Knoll et al. 1979; Niklas et al. 1980, 1983; Tiffney 1981; Knoll 1984), early protistans (Knoll 1994), insects (Labandeira and Sepkoski 1993), and life as a whole (Van Valen 1984, 1985; Van Valen and Maiorana 1985; Signor 1990; Valentine et al. 1991; Benton 1995; Courtillot and Gaudemer 1996; Miller and Foote 1996).
4
Luchin, Vladimir A., and Vladimir I. Matveev. "Interannual variability of thermal state of the cold subsurface layer in the Okhotsk Sea." Izvestiya TINRO 187, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2016-187-205-216.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Long-term variability of the cold subsurface water (CSW) in the Okhotsk Sea is analyzed on the base of all available oceanographic data collected in March through August of 1946-2015 (total 65,742 stations). The Integral Heat Content (IHC) is calculated for each station and average annual IHC anomalies of the cold subsurface water are determined by month and by 2-degree grid. The IHC anomaly series are analyzed using the EOF analysis. Cycles with period of approximately 30 years are revealed in the variations of the subsurface layer heat content. Thus, in the 1946-1950, its temperature decreased, but it grew since 2009-2010 to 2015. The warming of CSW was also observed in the 1951-1964 and 1978-1994, while the cooling was in the 1965-1977 and 1995-2008. Based on this criterion, the CSW thermal condition in certain years is classified as «extremely cold» in 2001, as «cold» in 1949, 1950, 1951, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1999, 2000, 2010, 2012, as «normal» in 1946, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1957, 1961, 1962, 1965, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1975, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, as «warm» in 1948, 1956, 1964, 1968, 1974, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1997, 2015, and as «extremely warm» in 1963. Statistically significant correlation is found between changes of the CSW thermal conditions and long-term variations of atmosphere and ocean climate indices, as well as local patterns of the atmosphere-ice-ocean interaction in the Okhotsk Sea and adjacent onshore and offshore areas of Asia and the Pacific Ocean.
5
Lee, Jeong Gu, Duck K. Choi, and Brian R. Pratt. "A teratological pygidium of the Upper Cambrian trilobite Eugonocare (Pseudeugonocare) bispinatum from the Machari Formation, Korea." Journal of Paleontology 75, no. 1 (January 2001): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000032005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abundant examples of exoskeletal abnormalities have been known in various trilobites since Portlock's (1843) first report on a teratological pygidium of Phillipsia ornata (cf. Babcock, 2000). Owen (1985) and Babcock (1993) recognized three types of trilobite malformations: healed injuries, teratological conditions, and pathological conditions. It is not always easy, however, to distinguish between the various types of malformations, especially in case of teratological or pathological conditions. In general, healed injuries are considered to have resulted from trauma during molting (Walcott, 1883; Whittington, 1956; Henningsmoen, 1975; Snajdr, 1981; Owen, 1983; Ramsköld, 1984) or wounds by predatory attack (Ludvigsen, 1977; Rudkin, 1979; Ŝnajdr, 1979, 1981; Owen, 1985; Conway Morris and Jenkins, 1985; Babcock, 1993; Pratt, 1998). Many healed injuries are indicated by broken spine stumps, indented and cicatrized edges of exoskeletons, and callused or regenerated exoskeleton around the broken surface (Ŝnajdr, 1981; Owen, 1983; Babcock, 1993). Teratological conditions are represented primarily by the irregular development of glabellar lobes, cephalic borders, and pygidial border spines, and anomalous number of segments on the thorax and pygidium. For example, Owen (1980) described a teratological cranidium of Calyptaulax norvegicus with two additional lateral glabellar lobes between the l p and 2p lobes. On the other hand, pathological conditions are marked by gall-like swellings and vermiform borings on exoskeletons that are thought to have been caused by diseases or parasitic infestation (Lochman, 1941; Ŝnajdr, 1978; Conway Morris, 1981; Owen, 1985).
6
Yang, Dong Fang, Si Xi Zhu, Feng You Wang, Hua Zhong He, and Yun Jie Wu. "Effect of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay Waters-The Temporal Variation of the Hg Content." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 633–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.633.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on the investigation data of mercury (Hg) in waters in Jiaozhou bay during time peroids of 1979 to 1985 (absent of 1984), this paper tried to analysis the content, pollution level and theis temporal variations of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay, to reveal the changing trend of Hg, and to provide basis for pollution control of Hg in the bay. Results showed that, during 1979-1985, water in Jiaozhou Bay had been polluted by Hg in certain levels. For seasonal variation, there was a dicreasing trend form summer to winter in 1979, 1981 and 1985, and an increasing trend form summer to winter in 1980 and 1983. For annual variation, there was an obvious decreasing trend of Hg pollution from 1979-1982, while from 1982-1985 an increasing trend occurred. The temporal variation of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay reflects the conflict between economic growth and environmental protection. Having in mind that the environmental carrying capacity of Jiaozhou Bay is not unlimited, and the environmental disruption might finally cause economic loss and disasters to the human, we believe that the dischargd load of Hg should be limited in a suitable amount.
7
Still, Leonie V. "Women Managers in Advertising: An Exploratory Study." Media Information Australia 40, no. 1 (May 1986): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8604000105.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The growing interest in the status of women in the Australian workforce has prompted a related interest in the position of women in certain industries, occupations and professions. Several studies have begun to emerge which have explored women's employment position and status in law (Mathews, 1982; Bretos, 1984); chartered accountancy (Equal Opportunity Board, Victoria, 1983); retailing (Turner & Glare, 1982); and social work (Brown & Turner, 1985). The position of women managers in business has also been examined by the Victorian Office of Women's Affairs (1981) and Still (1985), while Sampson (1985) is currently investigating the status of women in the primary, secondary and technical areas of the teaching profession.
8
Lutzeler, Paul Michael, and Volker Hage. "Deutsche Literatur. Ein Jahresuberblick 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987." German Quarterly 62, no. 3 (1989): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/406202.
Повний текст джерела
9
Mezger, Siegfried. "Rezension von: Archäologische Ausgrabungen in Baden-Württemberg 1981 ..." Württembergisch Franken 70 (November 20, 2023): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/wfr.v70i.8496.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Archäologische Ausgrabungen in Baden-Württemberg. Hrsg. im Auftrag des Landesdenkmalamtes Baden-Württemberg, des Förderkreises für die ur- und frühgeschichtliche Forschung in Baden und der Gesellschaft für Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Württemberg und Hohenzollern von Dieter Planck.Bd. 1, Jg. 1981. Stuttgart: Theiss 1982. 214 S., 181 Abb.Bd. 2, Jg. 1982. Stuttgart: Theiss 1983. 236 S., 200 Abb.Bd. 3, Jg. 1983. Stuttgart: Theiss 1984. 247 S., 226 Abb.Bd. 4, Jg. 1984. Stuttgart: Theiss 1985. 275 S., 245 Abb.
10
Adams, W. M. "Rural protest, land policy and the planning process on the Bakolori Project, Nigeria." Africa 58, no. 3 (July 1988): 315–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1159803.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Opening ParagraphIn the literature and accumulated folk wisdom of development in rural Africa there are numerous instances of government projects which are expensive, ineffective and unpopular. These include now classic failures of the past, such as the Tanganyika Groundnuts Scheme (Wood, 1950; Frankel, 1953), which are still cited as cautionary tales demonstrating the need for proper project appraisal. There are also numerous more recent examples, for the phenomenon of failure has persisted and governments and international agencies continue to implement schemes ‘little better planned than their more spectacularly misbegotten predecessors’ (Hill, 1978: 25). Among recent initiatives in sub-Saharan Africa the large-scale irrigation projects developed in northern Nigeria during the 1970s have attracted particularly extensive adverse criticism. This has focused on the social and economic impact of the introduction of irrigation and particularly on questions of land tenure (inter alia Wallace, 1979, 1980, 1981; Oculi, 1981; Adams, 1982, 1984; Palmer-Jones, 1984; Andrae and Beckman, 1985; Beckman, 1986). A number of accounts discuss technical aspects of the land survey carried out at Bakolori {Bird, 1981, 1984, 1985; Griffith, 1984), while others focus on economic problems (e.g. Etuk and Abalu, 1982). However, although economic and technical aspects of these developments have been criticised, it is the social impacts of project development and more particularly the political responses to those impacts which are of greatest interest (Wallace, 1980; Adams, 1984; Andrae and Beckman, 1985; Beckman, 1986). This paper examines the bature of the response of farmers affected by one of these schemes, the Bakolori Project in Sokoto State.
11
Muysken, J., and A. H. Van Zon. "Employment and Unemployment in the Netherlands, 1960-1984: A Putty-Clay Approach." Recherches économiques de Louvain 53, no. 2 (June 1987): 101–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800083081.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
1. INTRODUCTIONSince the mid-seventies vintage models have played an important role in the analysis of the Dutch economy. Although earlier vintages of these models were of a clay-clay nature, due to technical progress in economic analysis and in estimation methods, more recent vintages are of a putty-clay nature. Examples of the latter are Kuipers and van Zon (1982) and Gelauff, Wennekers and De Jong (1985). We shall further refer to them as KvZ and GWJ, respectively. Our model fits in with this putty-clay tradition. However, before highlighting several features of our model, some general remarks should be made.In the period 1950-1970 employment in the private sector in the Netherlands increased from 3400 to 4130 thousand man-years. It remained at a more or less constant level of 4100 thousand man-years till 1980 and then decreased rapidly to a level of 3800 in 1983, at which it remained for the years 1984 and 1985. Likewise, unemployment increased slowly from 70 thousand man-years in 1970 to 325 thousand man-years in 1980. Then unemployment accelerated towards a level of 800 thousand man-years in 1983, at which it remained for the years 1984 and 1985. The unemployment rate is about 17 % nowadays. Muyskens and Meijers (1985) explain that the earlier developed clay-clay vintage models cannot adequately deal with these turbulent developments in the period 1980-1985.
12
Chadwick, B. "Malene stratigraphy and late Archaean structure: new data from Ivisârtoq, inner Godthåbsfjord, southern West Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 130 (December 31, 1986): 74–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v130.7946.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This report summarises the principal results of a six-week study of some critical areas in Ivisârtoq (part of the Ivisârtoq region, 65 V. 2 Nord; fig. 1) by a two-man expedition (the writer and his undergraduate assistant) during the summer of 1985, a period of exceptionally good weather. Our objective was to complete the field programme of a team from the University of Exeter (Chadwick et al., 1983; Brewer et al., 1984) which had been seriously disrupted by bad weather in 1983. The main thrust of the field work in 1985 was to investigate the geometry of the late Archaean system of dornes of gneisses and intervening synclinal cusps of Malene supracrustal rocks which dominates the structure of Ivisârtoq (figs 1,2). The fjeld mapping revealed important new details, not only of the structure but also of the Malene stratigraphy and the emplacement of granitic and basaltic magmas during the development of the system of dornes and synclines. Systematic geological investigations in the Ivisårtoq region began in 1976 (Allaart et al., 1977) and important contributions have been made by Hall & Friend (1979, 1983), Hall (1980, 1981) and Friend et al. (1981). Some preliminary results of investigations by the Exeter team have been reported by Brewer et al. (1984), Chadwick (1985), and Coe & Robertson (1984). Details of isotopic ages and petrogenesis of the gneisses and late Arehaean granites have been reported by Robertson (1985, in press).
13
Bossemeyer, Ilca Marion Knewitz, and Maria Lacy Cezimbra Weis. "Ocorrência de Leporinus lacustris Campos, 1945 na bacia do Rio Ibicuí, RS." Ciência e Natura 8, no. 8 (December 9, 1986): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x25451.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper deals with the finding of Leporinus lacustres Campos, 1945 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The samples studied were collected in the Ibicui – Mirim (1982-1983) and Santa Maria (1984-1985) rivers and presented some morphometric and meristic differences when compared to descriptions made by other authors.
14
Renzini, Alvio. "Thermal Pulses and the Formation of Planetary Nebula Shells." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 131 (1989): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900138793.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the past decade a comprehensive, semiquantitative theoretical scenario for the final evolutionary stages of low and intermediate mass stars has been progressively elaborated and refined. It concerns the envelope ejection terminating the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) phase, the AGB to Planetary Nebula (PN) transition, the fading and possible rejuvenation of PN nuclei, the formation processes of hydrogen-deficient stars, and the final production of white dwarfs (WD) of the DA and non-DA varieties (Renzini 1979, 1981a, 1981b, 1982, 1983, Iben & Renzini 1983, Iben et al. 1983, Iben 1984, 1985, 1987, Iben & Tutukov 1984, Iben & MacDonald 1985, 1986). In developing this scenario several important results of stellar evolution and hydrodynamical calculations have been incorporated, including in particular those of Paczynski (1971), Wood (1974), Härm & Schwarzschild (1975), Schönberner (1979, 1983), and Tuchman, Sack & Barkat (1979).
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SMITH, SARAH M., ROGER A. BEAVER, WISUT SITTICHAYA, and ANTHONY I. COGNATO. "One hundred eighteen taxonomic changes among Xyleborine ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)." Zootaxa 5194, no. 2 (October 5, 2022): 151–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5194.2.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An ongoing study of the ambrosia beetle tribe Xyleborini has resulted in numerous taxonomic changes mostly representing new generic/species combinations which remove species from the once all-encompassing Xyleborus Eichhoff, 1864 to other genera based on revised taxonomic concepts. These changes are here listed. Terminalinus Hopkins, 1915 is removed from synonymy with Cyclorhipidion Hagedorn, 1912 and reinstated as a valid genus. Five species are removed from synonymy and reinstated as valid species: Amasa brevipennis (Schedl, 1971), Amasa fulgens (Schedl, 1975), Ambrosiophilus immitatrix (Schedl, 1975), Ambrosiophilus semirufus (Schedl, 1959), Microperus leprosulus (Schedl, 1936). The following 97 new or restored combinations are proposed: Ambrosiophilus bispinosulus (Schedl, 1961) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus compressus (Lea, 1894) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus latecompressus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus pertortuosus (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus tomicoides (Eggers, 1923) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus tortuosus (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Euwallacea obliquecauda (Motschulsky, 1863) comb. nov., all from Ambrosiodmus Hopkins, 1915; Coptodryas decepta (Schedl, 1979) comb. nov., Microperus pusillus (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., both from Arixyleborus Hopkins, 1915; Coptodryas pseudopunctula (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., from Cnestus Sampson, 1911; Microperus abbreviatus (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Microperus amphicauda (Browne, 1986) comb. nov., Microperus borneensis (Browne, 1986) comb. nov., Microperus comptus (Sampson, 1919) comb. nov., Microperus gorontalosus (Schedl, 1939) comb. nov., Microperus pullus (Schedl, 1952) comb. nov., Microperus tenellus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Microperus vafer Schedl, 1957 comb. nov., all from Coptodryas Hopkins, 1915; Ambrosiophilus pityogenes (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Arixyleborus scapularis (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Beaverium dihingicum (Wood, 1992) comb. nov., Beaverium rufonitidus (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Coptodryas brevior (Eggers) comb. nov., Terminalinus dipterocarpi Hopkins, 1915 comb. res., Terminalinus sexspinatus (Schedl, 1935) comb. nov., Terminalinus terminaliae (Hopkins, 1915) comb. res., Truncaudum leverensis (Browne, 1986) comb. nov., all from Cyclorhipidion Hagedorn, 1912; Planiculus kororensis (Wood, 1960) comb. nov., Planiculus loricatus (Schedl, 1933) comb. nov., Planiculus murudensis (Browne, 1965) comb. nov., all from Euwallacea Reitter, 1915; Terminalinus anisopterae (Browne, 1983) comb. nov., Terminalinus indigens (Schedl, 1955) comb. nov., Terminalinus macropterus (Schedl, 1935) comb. nov., Terminalinus major (Stebbing, 1909) comb. nov., Terminalinus pilifer (Eggers, 1923) comb. nov., Terminalinus posticepilosus (Schedl, 1951) comb. res., Terminalinus pseudopilifer (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Terminalinus sulcinoides (Schedl, 1974) comb. nov., all from Fortiborus Hulcr & Cognato, 2010; Microperus micrographus (Schedl, 1958) comb. nov., Microperus truncatipennis (Schedl, 1961) comb. nov., both from Xyleborinus Reitter, 1913; Ambrosiophilus immitatrix (Schedl, 1975) comb. nov., Ambrosiophilus semirufus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Arixyleborus crenulatus (Eggers, 1920) comb. nov., Arixyleborus strombosiopsis (Schedl, 1957) comb. nov., Beaverium batoensis (Eggers, 1923) comb. nov., Beaverium calvus (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Beaverium obstipus (Schedl, 1935) comb. nov., Beaverium rufus (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Coptodryas cuneola (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion amanicum (Hagedorn, 1910) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion impar (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion inaequale (Schedl, 1934) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion kajangensis (Schedl, 1942) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion obiensis (Browne, 1980) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion obtusatum (Schedl, 1972) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion perpunctatum (Schedl, 1971) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion repositum (Schedl) comb. nov., Cyclorhipidion separandum (Schedl, 1971) comb. nov., Debus abscissus (Browne, 1974) comb. nov., Debus amplexicauda (Hagedorn, 1910) comb. nov., Debus armillatus (Schedl, 1933) comb. nov., Debus balbalanus (Eggers 1927) comb. nov., Debus blandus (Schedl, 1954) comb. nov., Debus cavatus (Browne, 1980) comb. nov., Debus cylindromorphus (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Debus dentatus (Blandford, 1895) comb. nov., Debus excavus (Schedl, 1964) comb. nov., Debus fischeri (Hagedorn, 1908) comb. nov., Debus hatanakai (Browne, 1983) comb. nov., Debus insitivus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Debus persimilis (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Debus subdentatus (Browne, 1974) comb. nov., Debus trispinatus (Browne, 1981) comb. nov., Diuncus taxicornis (Schedl, 1971) comb. nov., Euwallacea agathis (Browne, 1984) comb. nov., Euwallacea assimilis (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Euwallacea bryanti (Sampson, 1919) comb. nov., Euwallacea latecarinatus (Schedl, 1936) comb. nov., Euwallacea pseudorudis (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Euwallacea semipolitus (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Euwallacea temetiuicus (Beeson, 1935) comb. nov., Immanus duploarmatus (Browne, 1962) comb. nov., Leptoxyleborus sublinearis (Eggers, 1940) comb. nov., Peridryocoetes pinguis (Browne, 1983) (Dryocoetini) comb. nov., Stictodex halli (Schedl, 1954) comb. nov., Stictodex rimulosus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Terminalinus granurum (Browne, 1980) comb. nov., Terminalinus indonesianus (Browne, 1984) comb. nov., Terminalinus moluccanus (Browne, 1985) comb. nov., Terminalinus pseudomajor (Schedl, 1951) comb. nov., Terminalinus sublongus (Eggers, 1927) comb. nov., Terminalinus takeharai (Browne) comb. nov., Terminalinus xanthophyllus (Schedl, 1942) comb. res., Tricosa abberrans (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Xenoxylebora truncatula (Schedl, 1957) comb. nov., Xyleborinus figuratus (Schedl, 1959) comb. nov., Xylosandrus cancellatus (Eggers, 1936) comb. nov., all from Xyleborus. Fifteen new synonyms are proposed: Anisandrus ursulus (Eggers, 1923)(= Xyleborus lativentris Schedl, 1942 syn. nov.); Cyclorhipidion amanicus (Hagedorn, 1910)(= Xyleborus jongaensis Schedl, 1941 syn. nov.); Cyclorhipidion bodoanum (Reitter, 1913) (= Xyleborus takinoyensis Murayama, 1953 syn. nov.); Cyclorhipidion pelliculosum (Eichhoff, 1878) (= Xyleborus okinosenensis Murayama, 1961 syn. nov.); Cyclorhipidion repositum (Schedl, 1942) (= Xyleborus pruinosulus Browne, 1979 syn. nov.); Debus persimilis (Eggers, 1927) (= Xyleborus subdolosus Schedl, 1942c syn. nov.); Debus robustipennis (Schedl, 1954) (= Xyleborus interponens Schedl, 1954 syn. nov.); Euwallacea destruens (Blandford, 1896) (= Xyleborus procerior Schedl, 1942 syn. nov.); Euwallacea nigrosetosus (Schedl, 1939) (= Xyleborus nigripennis Schedl, 1951 syn. nov.); Euwallacea siporanus (Hagedorn, 1910) (= Xyleborus perakensis Schedl, 1942 syn. nov.); Microperus quercicola (Eggers, 1926) (= Xyleborus semistriatus Schedl, 1971 syn. nov.); Stictodex dimidiatus (Eggers, 1927) (= Xyleborus spicatus Browne, 1986 syn. nov.); Stictodex halli (Schedl, 1954) (= Xyleborus cuspidus Schedl, 1975 syn. nov.); Terminalinus Hopkins, 1915 (= Fortiborus Hulcr & Cognato 2010 syn. nov.); Terminalinus moluccanus (Browne, 1985) (= Xyleborus teminabani Browne, 1986 syn. nov.).
16
Kovalev, Y. Y., and G. M. Larionov. "A Jet Model Interpretation of Multi Frequency Flux Observations of Radio Outbursts in the AGN 0235+16." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 159 (1994): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900175862.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There are analyzed 1.5 - years observations of a series of bursts in the quasar 0235+16 at 8 frequencies between 0.3 GHz and 15 GHz from July 1981 to December 1982, obtained by Altschuler et al. (1984) and Aller et al. (1985). These observations are compared with a Hedgehog model (see Kovalev and Mikhailutsa, 1980, with full references).
17
Anderson, John, Colin Ewen, and Jørgen Staun. "Phonological structure: segmental, suprasegmental and extrasegmental." Phonology Yearbook 2, no. 1 (May 1985): 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675700000439.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the past few years a great deal of attention has been paid to the representation of suprasegmental phenomena in phonology, with the resulting development of a number of partly competing theories and models of suprasegmental representation – in particular, various versions of AUTOSEGMENTAL PHONOLOGY (see, for example, Goldsmith 1976; Halle & Vergnaud 1981; Clements & Keyser 1983) and METRICAL PHONOLOGY (Liberman & Prince 1977; Hayes 1980, 1982; Prince 1983; Giegerich 1985). Other frameworks have also been developed which allow for the representation of phenomena in this area, notably that of DEPENDENCY PHONOLOGY (Anderson & Jones 1974, 1977; Ewen 1980; Anderson 1984; Anderson & Ewen 1980, forthcoming).It has, moreover, become obvious that although these theories at first seemed very different, many of the differences are more apparent than real, so that in some respects the proposals are complementary rather than alternative - and in many areas it is clear that we are moving towards a situation where a single model can perhaps be developed from the various frameworks (cf. Leben 1982; Goldsmith this volume).
18
de Haas, Wim G. "Phonological implications of skeleton and feature underspecification in Kasem." Phonology 5, no. 2 (August 1988): 237–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675700002281.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The West African language Kasem, which is spoken by the Kasenas on both sides of the northern border between Ghana and Burkina Faso, figured prominently in the abstractness controversy in the late seventies. The analyses proposed by Halle (1978) and Phelps (1975, 1979), in particular, show most clearly that the framework of linear phonology does not provide a suitable model for the description of the complex set of alternations that can be observed in the nominal system of this language. I will argue that the theory of underspecification (cf. Kiparsky 1982, 1985; Archangeli 1984; among others) together with the principles of CV phonology (cf. McCarthy 1979, 1981; Clements & Keyser 1983; Levin 1985) provide the necessary equipment to account for the Kasem facts in a relatively simple and insightful way. It will turn out that these subtheories enable us to collapse several seemingly independent processes into a rather small set of language-specific rules.
19
Ellickson, Mark C. "Policy Preferences Of Political Party Leaders And The Mass Public: A Southern Perspective." American Review of Politics 9 (January 1, 1989): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.1988.9.0.1-18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In recent years there has been a steady stream of literature proclaiming the decline of the American party system (Burnham, 1976; Kirkpatrick, 1978; Ladd, 1982; Crotty, 1984, 1985; Konda and Sigelman, 1987). It is argued that the parties have been losing their “ relevance,” their critical capacity in responding to social needs and problems (Eldersveld, 1982; Miller and Wattenberg, 1983). This allegation entails serious ramifications as political parties have long been viewed as performing many vital functions in the American political system (Leiserson, 1958; Sorauf, 1984).
20
Shadfan, H., A. A. Hussen, and F. Alaily. "Occurrence of palygorskite in Tertiary sediments of western Egypt." Clay Minerals 20, no. 3 (September 1985): 405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1985.020.3.10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The presence of palygorskite in soils and sediments of the Middle East countries has been widely reported: in Syria (Muir, 1951), Israel (Yaalon, 1955; Barshad et al., 1956; Ravikovitch et al., 1960; Singer, 1971; Singer & Amiel, 1974; Yaalon & Wieder, 1976), Iraq (Al-Rawi et al., 1967; Eswaran & Barzanji, 1974), Lebanon (Lamouroux et al., 1973), Jordan (Wiersma, 1970; Shadfan, 1983; Shadfan & Dixon, 1984; Shadfan et al., 1985) and Saudi Arabia (Aba Husayn & Sayegh, 1977; Elprince et al., 1979; Mashhady et al., 1980; Viani et al., 1983; Lee et al., 1983; Mackenzie et al., 1984; Shadfan & Mashhady, 1985). In Egypt, Elgabaly (1962) indicated the predominance of palygorskite in some of the soils in the western desert and proposed that the mineral had formed from calcareous argillaceous material in a saline lagoon. Hassouba & Shaw (1980) found palygorskite to be a major component of the clay fraction in caliche crusts in the coastal plain of north-western Egypt and considered that the palygorskite had formed authigenically in that environment.
21
Marini, Richard P. "Growth and Cropping of ‘Redhaven’ Peach Trees Following Soil Application of Paclobutrazol." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, no. 1 (January 1987): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.112.1.18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Paclobutrazol was applied to soil around 5-year-old ‘Redhaven’ peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] trees at rates of 0, 1.1, 2.2, and 4.4 g a.i./tree in Dec. 1982. Trunk and shoot growth suppression in 1983 were related to application rate, but there was no treatment effect in 1984 or 1985. Yield and fruit size were not influenced in 1983 by treatment, but treated trees produced less fruit than control trees in 1985. Rate of defoliation was negatively related to concentration in 1984, and bloom development was positively related to concentration in 1985 following a single treatment in 1982. Chemical names used: β-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-l,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol (paclobutrazol).
22
Ganguli, Aparna B. "Brief Reports: The Microcomputer as a Demonstration Tool for Instruction in Mathematics." Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 21, no. 2 (March 1990): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.21.2.0154.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A number of educators have indicated that for successful implementation of computer-assisted instruction (CAI), much more attention is needed in the area of teachers' use of this technology (Allinger, 1985; Lawton & Gerschner, 1982; Jay, 1981; Simmons, 1975). Although studies on CAI for large-group instruction demonstrate favorable results (Sherwood & Hasselbring, 1986; Berger, 1984; Phillips, Burkhardt, Coupland, & Fraser, 1984), relatively little research has been conducted on the use of CAI with teachers as the instructional leaders.
23
Urry, C. M., J. S. Kruper, and C. R. Canizares. "Soft X-ray Spectra of Seyfert Galaxies." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 134 (1989): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900140719.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The first X-ray (2–10 keV) spectral surveys of active galactic nuclei (AGN) were remarkably uniform, with spectral indices narrowly distributed about α=0.65, independent of radio-emitting properties or X-ray luminosity (Mushotzky 1984). In the few AGN detected above 20 keV, this canonical power law extended to at least 50 keV (Rothschild et al. 1983, Pounds 1985, Worrall et al. 1980; Halpern 1982; Worrall and Marshall 1984). In practice these surveys were dominated by low luminosity Seyfert 1 galaxies.
24
Kennedy, Alan J., David F. Penner, and Jeffrey E. Green. "Small Rodent Populations and Conifer Seedling Damage on a Reclaimed Area in West Central Alberta." Forestry Chronicle 65, no. 4 (August 1, 1989): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc65271-4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Small rodent populations and conifer seedling survival were monitored on a reclaimed area in west central Alberta from September 1979 to September 1985. Although several species of cricetid rodents and shrews were captured during the live-trapping program, only meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) occurred in sufficient number to monitor annual changes in abundance. Meadow voles increased rapidly on the reclaimed area from 1979–1981, remained at high numbers until 1984, then declined sharply in 1985. Deer mice increased to moderate numbers from 1979–1981 and declined gradually until 1983. By 1984–1985, very few deer mice were present.Two species of conifer seedlings, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and white spruce (Picea glauca) were planted on the reclaimed area in 1979 and 1980. Numbers of seedlings killed or damaged by small rodents, primarily by girdling, increased sharply in 1981 and remained at high levels through to 1984. Significant correlations between the percentage of the annual mortality of seedlings attributed to small rodents or the percentage of live seedlings damaged by small rodents, and the abundance of meadow voles the previous winter, indicate that the amount of mortality and damage to seedlings in this reclamation area is in part determined by the overwintering abundance of meadow voles. This is in direct agreement with conclusions from similar studies in other areas of North America and Europe.
25
Holmberg, Thomas. "Pärlugglans Aegolius funereus häckningsekologi i en jämtländsk population 1976–1985." Ornis Svecica 34 (March 8, 2024): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34080/os.v34.23521.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A long-term Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus nest box project ran 1976–1985 in central Sweden. Average occupancy among 200 nest boxes was 16% (range 0–54%) with average clutch size 6.0 eggs and number of fledged per successful breeding 4.6, while 41% of breeding attempts failed, primarily due to predation by pine marten Martes martes or desertion by the female. The highest observed breeding density was 0.9 breedings/km2. Five cases of bigamy were observed. Females weighed 50% more than males during egg laying and incubation, probably because of pre-emptive weight gain to compensate for the risk of subsequent changes to food availability. The male provisioned both the female and chicks for most of the breeding period, mainly with small rodents (87%). Population sizes of small rodents fluctuated in 3–4-year cycles. Reproduction was successful during phases of increasing rodent density (1977–1978, 1980–1981, and 1984–1985), while almost no breedings were initiated during nadir years (1976, 1979, and 1982–1983). Ringing recoveries suggested that juveniles recruited into the local population in years with abundant food resources, but dispersed if food availability was declining. Adult females were often nomadic, while most males were resident.
26
Rubin, Rose, Imre Karafaith, and Kenneth L. Smith. "Acquisitions And Common Stock Returns In The Health Care Industry: 1982-1985." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 5, no. 1 (October 26, 2011): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v5i1.6377.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Employing a methodology commonly used to determine the movement of stock returns around a specific event, we examined the movement of common stock returns of acquiring firms in the health care industry for three periods, 1982-1983, 1984, and 1985. We find that in the 1982-1983 period, investors could expect negative excess returns from holding tock in acquiring firms in the health care industry. In contrast, for the 1984 and 1985 periods we find no evidence of excel returns for investors. The difference between the two periods, we believe, is due to the more competitive environment which existed in the industry in the latter two periods.
27
Frendreis, John P., and Alan R. Gitelson. "Local Political Parties in an Age of Change." American Review of Politics 14 (January 1, 1994): 533–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.1993.14.0.533-547.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Few American political institutions have prompted as much research, controversy, and debate during the post-World War II era as have political parties. In turn, few institutions have seen their demise (Broder 1971; Sundquist 1982; Crotty 1984; Wattenberg 1990, 1991) and, alternately, their re-juvenation (Schlesinger 1985; Kayden and Mahe 1985; Pomper 1981; Price 1984; Gitelson, Conway, and Feigert 1984) reported so often in scholarly publications, textbooks, and the popular press. Gibson and his colleagues suggested in 1985 that “[t]he last twenty years have not been kind to American political parties” (1985, 139), and, as we approach the twenty-first century, many scholars would agree that the past four decades have been marked by a volatile and changing party system.
28
SABATINO, ANTONIO DI, REINHARD GERECKE, TERENCE GLEDHILL, and HARRY SMIT. "On the taxonomy of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) described from the Palaearctic, part 2: Hydryphantoidea and Lebertioidea." Zootaxa 2266, no. 1 (October 16, 2009): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2266.1.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper explains changes which become necessary in water mite taxonomy after revision of material from museum collections and recent field work. Todothyas Cook, 1974, not Acerbitas Özdikmen, 2006, must replace the preoccupied genus name Thyas Koch, 1836; Acerbitas is ranked as a subgenus of Todothyas. The following synonyms are established: Family Hydryphantidae: Todothyas distincta (Tuzovskij, 2007) = Todothyas colligera (K.Viets, 1923); Todothyas incerta (Lundblad, 1941) = Todothyas barbigera (K.Viets, 1908); Georgella intermedia Walter, 1927 (G. dauphinensis nom. nov. K.O.Viets, 1987) = G. koenikei Maglio, 1906; Hydrobaderia Özkan, 1985 = Hydryphantes Koch, 1841; Hydrobaderia ilicaensis Özkan, 1985 = Hydryphantes crassipalpis Koenike, 1914; Hydryphantes algeriensis Walter, 1925 = H. dispar (Schaub, 1888); Hydryphantes bayeri nonundulatus K. Viets, 1919 = H. planus Thon, 1899; Hydryphantes intermedius Daday, 1901 = H. dispar (Schaub, 1888); Hydryphantes spinipes Walter, 1922 = H. ruber (Geer, 1787); Panisus clypeolatus (Maglio, 1909) = P. torrenticolus Piersig, 1898; Panisus sarasini Bader, 1981 = P. michaeli (Koenike, 1896); Protzia multipora Walter, 1922 = P. squamosa Walter, 1908; Protzia macrognatha Walter, 1944 = P. distincta Walter, 1922; Sindacoides Bader, 1992 = Panisopsis K.Viets, 1926; Sindacoides ticinensis Bader, 1992 = Panisopsis setipes (K.Viets, 1911); Thyasella mandibularis torrenticola Schwoerbel, 1958 = T. mandibularis Lundblad, 1924. Hydryphantes pyrenaicus E. Angelier 1985, published as a nomen nudum, refers to H. armentarius Gerecke, 1996. Family Anisitsiellidae: Bandakia bieberi Bader, 1994 = B. concreta Thor, 1913. Family Oxidae: Oxus koenikei Thor, 1899 = O. longisetus (Berlese, 1885). Family Sperchontidae: Mixosperchon K. Viets, 1926 = Hispidosperchon Thor, 1901; Charoelia Bader, 1988 = Sperchon Kramer, 1877; Charoelia schloethi Bader, 1985 = Sperchon mutilus Koenike, 1908; Sperchon sandozi Bader, 1988 = S. hispidus Koenike, 1895; Sperchon monstruosus Bader, 1957 = S. hibernicus Halbert, 1944; Sperchonopsis phreaticus Biesiadka,1975 = S. procera Láska, 1965 stat. nov. Family Torrenticolidae: Monatractides bicinctus (Láska, 1933), M. parvipalpis (Halbert 1944), M. robustus (Halbert 1944), T. (Monatractides) hibernica Conroy, 1984 = M. madritensis (K. Viets, 1930). Redescriptions are given for numerous further species, redefining diagnostic characters and geographical distributions. Todothyas colligera (K. Viets, 1923) and Wandesia propinqua Walter, 1947 are redefined and newly established as separate species. Parathyas primitiva Lundblad, 1935 is transferred to the genus Todothyas Cook, 1974. Sperchon vaginosus Thor, 1902 is re-established as a distinct species in the ’denticulatus-group’. Torrenticola laskai Di Sabatino spec. nov. is introduced as a new name for Mediterranean populations attributed by several authors to T. lativalvata K. Viets, 1952. Torrenticola amplexa minutivalvata Lundblad, 1956 is elevated to species rank.
29
Merskey, H. "The Importance of Hysteria." British Journal of Psychiatry 149, no. 1 (July 1986): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.149.1.23.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hysteria has been a topic of interest throughout the history of medicine; those who have been concerned with it include Galen, Paré, Sydenham, Charcot and Freud. Anyone who chooses to proclaim its importance, therefore, might be asked to provide some reason for gilding the lily. Controversies have always attended the subject, and different disciplines still disagree over it. The diagnosis, which occurs in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9, 1978) has been deprecated on both sides of the Atlantic (Slater, 1965; DSM-III, 1980) and also advocated with varying degrees of fervour (Walshe, 1965; Lewis, 1975; Merskey, 1979). It is a subject of historical study (Veith, 1965; Walker, 1981; Shorter, 1984); there have been at least nine monographs on it since 1977 (Horowitz, 1977; Krohn, 1978; Jakubik, 1979; Merskey, 1979; Roy, 1982; Riley & Roy, 1982; Colliganet al.1982; Weintraub, 1983; Ford, 1983), and there is a steady flow of paper on the topic of hysteria or its major subdivisions (eg, hysterical personality, conversion symptoms) or pseudonyms and partial pseudonyms (eg, somatisation disorders, borderline personality, and operant pain).
30
Jugaku, J., G. Cayrel de Strobel, Y. Andrillat, W. K. Bonsack, P. S. Conti, C. R. Cowley, C. O. R. Jaschek, et al. "29. Stellar Spectra." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 19, no. 1 (1985): 353–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00006416.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
During the triennium under review, Commission 29 has sponsored or cosponsored the following IAU meetings: Symposium 102, “Solar and Stellar Magnetic Fields,” Zurich, Switzerland, August 1982; Symposium 108, “Structure and Evolution of the Magellanic Clouds,” Tübingen, FRG, September 1983; Symposium 111, “Calibration of Fundamental Stellar Quantities,” Como, Italy, May 1984; and Colloquium 82, “Cepheids: Observation and Theory,” Toronto, Canada, May-June 1984. Commission 29 has also supported or sponsored several IAU meetings proposed for 1985 and 1986. They include “Luminous Stars and Associations in Galaxies,” Porto Heli, Greece, May 1985; “Upper Main Sequence Stars with Anomalous Abundances,” Crimea, USSR, May 1985; “Astrochemistry,” Goa, India, December 1985; “Hydrogen Deficient Stars and Related Objects,” Bangalore, India, December 1985; “Circumstellar Matter,” Heidelberg, FRG, June 1986; and “Be Stars,” Boulder, USA, August 1986.
31
Gürler, B. "An inscribed bowl decorated with wheel abrasion-technique in western Anatolia." Anatolian Studies 48 (December 1998): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3643053.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is difficult to distinguish the eastern series of cut decorated glasses from the western ones. The origin of the western series of some forms with this kind of decoration is attributed to north Italy, while that of the eastern ones is attributed to north Syria by Hayes (1975: 36). However, it is difficult to find parallels in north Syria (Lightfoot 1990: 8), and examples have been found in Cyprus, in the southern coasts of Anatolia, in the Aegean region, in Cyrenaica, in the northern coasts of the Black Sea and in south Russia (Harden 1958: 49, no 13; Vessberg 1965: 44/19; Oliver 1983: 255, no 51; Hayes 1975: 56 no 132; Price 1985: 72, 96, no 8; Dusenbery 1967: 45–46, nos 36, 37, 39, 41; Sorokina 1965: 234–35, fig 71.20; Zapheiropoulou 1984: 308–09; Brock, Young 1949: pls 28.2, 30.4; Davidson 1952: 101, fig 8 no 367, 369). Therefore, it is accepted that the origins of some series of cut decorated glasses are in western Anatolian workshops (Lightfoot 1990: 9).
32
Werum, Regina. "Sectionalism and Racial Politics: Federal Vocational Policies and Programs in the Predesegregation South." Social Science History 21, no. 3 (1997): 399–453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014555320001779x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Extant literature onvocational reformsgives the impression that they, like other educational reforms, resulted from a consensus between northern industrialists and professional educators (e.g., Bowles and Gintis 1976; Cohen 1968; Cremin 1961; Cuban 1982; Fones-Wolf 1983; Kett 1982; Powers 1992; Tyack 1981 [1974]). If national educational reforms reflected national economic interests, we should expect twentieth-century federal vocational legislation to reflect the interests of an increasingly industrialized national economy. By the same token, regionally specific economic interests should find their reflection primarily in local educational practice. This view rests on the assumption that a “national economy” has existed and that federal policies have not reflected sectional economic interests. In reality, southern sectional interests have shaped a variety of economic and social policies, ranging from post-Reconstruction child labor and compulsory education laws to New Deal policies such as the 1933 National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), the 1935 National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act, welfare policy, and the 1935 Social Security Act establishing old-age security and unemployment compensation (Alston and Ferrie 1985; Bensei 1984; Lieberman 1995; Quadagno 1988, 1994; Shulman 1991; Skocpol 1995).
33
Heckenberger, Michael J. "Manioc agriculture and sedentism in Amazonia: the Upper Xingu example." Antiquity 72, no. 277 (September 1998): 633–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00087056.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Agricultural productivity and Amazonian settlementThe nature of Pre-Columbian agricultural systems in Amazonia has stimulated considerable debate, specifically: can one or another cultigen — maize or manioc — provide a stable agricultural base for sedentism and population growth (eg. Carneiro 1961; 1986; Gross 1975; Meggers 1996; Roosevelt 1980)? Certain ecological factors are generally seen to limit production and intensification of those subsistence resources that can support sedentary or densely distributed populations. Low agricultural productivity, characteristic of many Amazonian soils, and the generally low density and patchy distribution of terrestrial game are commonly cited as limiting factors (Gross 1975; 1983; Johnson 1982; Meggers 1954; 1996; Ross 1978; Sponsel 1989). It has become accepted that the highly restricted váirzea regions, primarily the floodplain settings of the major ‘white-water’ rivers (the Amazon and its Andean-derived tributaries), did not impose these environmental constraints on demographic or economic growth due to their fertile soils and higher concentrations of rich aquatic resources (e.g. Brochado 1984; 1989; Carneiro 1986; 1995; Denevan 1996; Lathrap 1968; 1970; 1987; Lathrap et al. 1985; Meggers 1996; Moran 1993; Roosevelt 1980; 1989; 1994).
34
Conaghan, Catherine M., James M. Malloy, and Luis A. Abugattas. "Business and the “Boys”: The Politics of Neoliberalism in the Central Andes." Latin American Research Review 25, no. 2 (1990): 3–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100023360.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although the 1970s witnessed a convergence of neoliberal economic policies and authoritarianism in the Southern Cone countries of Latin America, the 1980s gave way to a new combination of economic orthodoxy and democracy in Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru. Neoliberal economic projects emerged in these central Andean countries as they confronted broadly similar economic problems. Plummeting prices in the international market for key exports, decreased investment, and growing financial burdens imposed by the international debt created the parameters of la crisis—the topic that became a central focus of political discourse in these new democracies. At different points in time, each of the three countries responded to the crisis with neoliberal economic experiments. In Peru a turn toward neoliberalism occurred under the administration of Fernando Belaúnde Terry (1980-1985), only to be completely reversed by the heterodox policies of Alan García (1985–). In Ecuador basic stabilization measures had already been undertaken by the government of Osvaldo Hurtado (1981-1984). León Febres Cordero (1984-1988) then committed the country to a monetarist and antistatist model. In Bolivia following the enormous instability and hyperinflation during the government of Hernán Siles Zuazo (1982-1985), the country adopted a neoliberal approach under the presidency of Víctor Paz Estenssoro (1985-1988).
35
Lange, Marie-France. "Le refus de l’école : pouvoir d'une société civile bloquée ?" Politique africaine 27, no. 1 (1987): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/polaf.1987.3893.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
En 1980, le taux 4e scolarisation était de 72 % et le Togo figurait alors parmi les pays les plus scolarisés de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. A la rentrée scolaire de 1981-1982, un phénomène inattendu, soudain et national se produit : pour la première fob dans l’histoire du système scolaire togolais, on observe dans tous les degrés d'enseignement et sur l’ensemble du territoire, une baisse des effectifs qui, en 1984-1985, n'atteindront plus que 52 %. Cette désaffection pour l'école est analysée comme la réponse des parents et des élèves eux-mêmes au blocage à peu près complet de l'embauche qui s'est faite à partir de 1980-1981 dans le secteur privé, puis dans le secteur public.
36
Thomsen, H. H. "Continued glaciological work north-east of Jakobshavn, West Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 135 (December 31, 1987): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v135.8004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Glaciological investigations were carried out on the Inland Ice north-east of Jakobshavn. The work is part of the hydropower investigations at Pâkitsoq on a drainage basin proposed for a local hydropower project. The work was started in 1982, when stakes for measuring mass balance were drilled into the ice. So far the investigations have included mass balance measurements, photogrammetric and satellite mapping, ice-thickness mapping, stable isotope studies, simulation of runoff and ice dynamics (Reeh, 1983; Thomsen, 1983, 1984, 1985; Braithwaite & Thomsen, 1984; Thomsen & Braithwaite, 1985; Thomsen & Reeh, 1986; Reeh & Thomsen, 1986a; Thorning et aL, 1986).
37
Morwood, M. J. "The archaeology of art: excavations at Maidenwell and Gatton Shelters, southeast Queensland." Queensland Archaeological Research 3 (January 1, 1986): 88–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/qar.3.1986.184.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the results of excavations at Maidenwell and Gatton Shelters, two rock art sites in S.E. Queensland. The work was undertaken as part of a research project concerned with a major theme in Australian prehistory - the development of social and economic complexity in Aboriginal society (e.g. Lourandos 1983, 1985; Morwood 1984). As foci for a range of symbolic activities, Maidenwell and Gatton Shelters have the potential to yield evidence for changes in the nature and intensity of social interaction, particularly in the context of evidence for economic, technological and demographic change (cf. Conkey 1978, 1980; Gamble 1982, 1983).
38
Morales, Oscar Ernesto. "Reflexiones sobre el tema: Desarrollo de las Sociedades Nacionales y cooperación." Revista Internacional de la Cruz Roja 13, no. 87 (June 1988): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0250569x00012516.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
1.1. Podemos decir, por experiencia, que el concepto enunciado en el documento «Estrategia para el desarrollo de las Sociedades Nacionales durante el decenio de 1980», nos ha servido como referencia para la preparación de nuestros planes generates 1980—1985, 1982—1986 y 1987—1990.1.2. Sin embargo, debemos destacar que, antes de la aprobación de dicho documento por la XXIV Conferencia Internacional de la Cruz Roja en Manila, el año 1981, ya se había considerado el tema en la XI Conferencia Interamericana en Río de Janeiro (Brasil, 1979), en la resolución n.° 4 con un documento titulado «Plan de desarrollo quinquenal de la Cruz Roja en América 1980—1984».
39
Hein, G. L., J. A. Ingemansen, M. J. Haas, M. A. Boetel, and D. D. Walgenbach. "Corn Rootworm Larval Control in South Dakota, 1986." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 208a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/13.1.208a.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Planting-time soil insecticide trials were conducted at 5 locations in eastern South Dakota. The insecticide histories at these locations were as follows: Brookings and Rutland, no previous insecticides; Milbank, Dyfonate (1985, 1983) and Furadan (1984, 1982); Hurley, Counter (1985, 1982) and Lorsban (1983, 1984); Garretson, Counter (1985), Furadan (1984, 1982), and Dyfonate (1983). The experimental design for all studies was a randomized complete block with 4 replications. Individual treatment plots consisted of single rows, 15 m long. Granular formulations of insecticides were applied with modified Noble metering units mounted on a specially adapted John Deere 4-row 71 Flexiplanter. The metering units were ground driven, and all units were calibrated on the planter. The granules were applied in a 18-cm band in front of the press wheel and incorporated by the press wheel. In-furrow applications were directed immediately behind the double-disk seed furrow openers. Liquid formulations were applied in an 18-cm band over the row immediately after planting. The C02 backpack sprayer used to apply the liquids was equipped with a single LE 1.5 nozzle that delivered 17.5 gal/acre at 15 psi. Five roots/replication were dug from each treatment (17 Jul-5 Aug). Roots were washed and rated for rootworm damage using the Iowa 1-6 rating scale.
40
Hanson, David J., and Ruth C. Engs. "College Students' Drinking Problems: 1982–1985." Psychological Reports 58, no. 1 (February 1986): 276–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.1.276.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The drinking problems of 4,266 students at 72 colleges in 1984–1985 were compared to the drinking problems of 4,885 students at the same colleges in 1982–1983. The data suggest little change in drinking problems over time, except for a decrease in driving after drinking and while driving.
41
Cherkasov, P. "Time of Rehabilitation (1983–1985) (continued)." World Economy and International Relations, no. 2 (2013): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2013-2-103-118.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article highlights the two-year period (1983–1985) when IMEMO was headed by Alexander Yakovlev. This time was characterized by a noticeable improvement of the situation and the Institute’s scientific life revival after the turmoil of 1981–1982. At that time, IMEMO regained its credibility (shaky in the early 80-ties) at home and abroad. It was undoubtedly the merit of its "transit" director who joined the team of the young CPSU General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985.
42
Montmerle, T., P. André, E. D. Feigelson, P. Stine та J. Bouvier. "Repeated Multiple-Frequency VLA Surveys of the ρ Ophiuchi Cloud". Symposium - International Astronomical Union 115 (1987): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900094791.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Our goal was to look for radio non-thermal emission from active PMS stars, as suggested by the presence of numerous, highly variable X-rays sources in the cloud (Montmerle et al. 1983), and by optical periodicities probably linked with starspots (Bouvier and Bertout, in prep.). Previous radio surveys have been done by Brown and Zuckermann (1975), and Falgarone and Gilmore (1981). Emission mechanisms are mainly thermal (free-free, from H II regions, winds, accretion flows; gyrosynchrotron), and non-thermal (gyrosynchrotron from flares; synchrotron in winds, White 1985; corotating interaction regions, Mullan 1984).
43
Claessen, H. J. M., Patrick Vinton Kirch, H. J. M. Claessen, Jarich O. Oosten, H. J. Duller, P. W. Preston, H. J. Duller, et al. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 142, no. 1 (1986): 145–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003373.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
- G.J. Abbink, Serena Nanda, Cultural anthropology, Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company (second edition), 1985, 398 pp. - H.J.M. Claessen, Patrick Vinton Kirch, The evolution of the Polynesian Chiefdoms, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge etc. Series: New Studies in Archaeology, edited by Colin Renfrew and Jeremy Sabloff, 1984. 314 pp., index, glossary, bibliography, maps, and figures. - H.J.M. Claessen, Jarich O. Oosten, The war of the gods. The social code in Indo-European myths, London etc.: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985. 175 pp., bibl., figs. - H.J. Duller, P.W. Preston, New trends in development theory. Essays in development and social theory, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1985, 200 pages. - H.J. Duller, M. Stiefel, Production, equality and participation in rural China, UNRISD, Geneva & Red Press, London, 1983, 172 pp., W.F. Wertheim (eds.) - M. Grijns, Kirsten Hastrup, Basisboek culturele antropologie. Bewerkt door Yme Kuiper & Nellejet Zorgdrager. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff, 1983, 353 pp., Jan Ovesen (eds.) - Simon Kooijman, Jelle Miedema, De kabar 1855-1980. Sociale structuur en religie in de Vogelkop van West-Nieuw-Guinea. Dissertatie Katholieke Universiteit van Nijmegan, Dordrecht 1984: ICG printing BV. Gelijktijdig verschenen als Verhandelingen 105 van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Leiden, Dordrecht 1984: Foris publications. - Adam Kuper, R.H. Barnes, Two crows denies it: A history of controversy in Omaha sociology, Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska press, 1984. - C.L.J. van der Meer, Steven Piker, A peasant community in changing Thailand, Anthropological research papers, no. 30, Arizona State University, 1983. - J. Miedema, Mark S. Mosko, Quadripartite structures: Categories, relations, and homologies in Bush Mekeo culture, Cambridge: University Press, 1985, XIII + 298 pp. - David S. Moyer, Rodney Needham, Against the tranquility of Axioms, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1983, xi + 182 pp. - Anke Niehof, Imke Swart, Die Traditionellen Grundlagen der Erziehung im Zentralen Java, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1983. (130 pp.) - J.H.B. den Ouden, R.S. Khare, The untouchable as himself. Ideology, identity and pragmatism among the Lucknow Chamars, Cambridge studies in cultural systems, Cambridge University Press, 1984. - Rien Ploeg, James A. Boon, Other tribes, other scribes; symbolic anthropology in the comparitive study of cultures, histories, religions, and texts, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982. xiv + 303 pp., appendixes. - Frank N. Pieke, Rubie S. Watson, Inequality among brothers: Class and kinship in South China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. xiii + 193 pp., 3 maps. - Rien Ploeg, Durk Hak, Watching the seaside. Essays on maritime anthropology. A. H. J. Prins; Festschrift on the occasion of his retirement from the Chair of Anthropology, University of Groningen, University of Groningen, 1984, 251 pp., ill., diagr., Ybeltje Kroes, Hans Schneymann (eds.) - Rien Ploeg, Ladislav Holy, Actions, norms and representations. Foundations of anthropological inquiry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. VIII + 134 pp., Milan Stuchlik (eds.) - Rien Ploeg, Nancy L. Hamblin, Animal use by the Cozumel Maya, Tucson, Arizona: The University of Arizona Press, 1984. 206 pp. - Ronald H. Poelmeijer, Lilly Eversdijk Smulders, Een jaar bij de yogiýs van India en Tibet, Deventer 1983. - Ype H. Poortinga, Dean Peabody, National characteristics, Cambridge/Paris: Camnbridge University Press/Editions de la Maison des Sciences de lýHomme, 1985. - Karen Portier, Khin Thitsa, Nuns, mediums and prostitutes in Chiengmai: A study of some marginal categories of women (41 pp.). - Karen Portier, Signe Howell, Chewong women in transition: The effects of monetization on a hunter-gatherer society in Malaysia (34 pp.). - Karen Portier, Maila Stivens, Sexual politics in Rembau: Female autonomy, matriliny and agrarian change in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia (50 pp.) - R. de Ridder, Dennis Tedlock, The spoken word and the work of interpretation, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1983. ix + 365 pp., 8 ill. - R. de Ridder, Dennis Tedlock, Popol Vuh, The definitive edition of the Mayan Book of the Dawn of Life and the Glories of Gods and Kings, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985. 380 pp., 32 ill. - G. van Roon, Dietmar Rothermund, Die Peripherie in der Weltwirtschaftskrise: Afrika, Asien und Lateinamerika 1929-1939, Paderborn: Ferdinand Schýningh, 1983, 295 pp. - Thilo C. Schadeberg, Gýnter Dabitz, Geschichte der erforschung der Nuba-Berge, Arbeiten aus dem Seminar fýr Výlkerkunde der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitýt Frankfurt am Main, Band 17, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1985. 280 pp., maps, tables, illus. - L. van Vroonhoven, Ger van Roon, Derde Wereld in depressie, Leiden: Nijhoff, 1985, 139 p. - Wim van Zanten, Nigel Phillips, Sijobang, sung narrative poetry of West Sumatra, Cambridge Studies in Oral and Literate Culture, no. 1, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. xi + 255 pp., photos, texts and translations, short glossary of Minangkabau words, Bibliography, index.
44
Marshack, A. "The Female Image: A ‘Time-factored’ Symbol. A Study in Style and Aspects of Image Use in the Upper Palaeolithic." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 57, no. 01 (1991): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00004850.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The ‘art’ of the early Upper Palaeolithic refers to the images and symbols of the hunters of horse, bison and mammoth during the last European Ice Age that began more than 32,000 years ago. It is therefore interesting that it isnotthe image of the animal that develops in complexity and variability across Ice Age Europe for the next 20,000 or so years, but the image of the female. The image and theconceptof the Ice Age female has perhaps been the subject of more intense emotional debate in the last century than the image of the animal (Ucko 1962; 1969; Clottes and Cerou 1970; LeroiGourhan 1965; Ucko and Rosenfeld 1972; Stoliar 1977–78). The debate continues, both with new finds and new ideas (Rosenfeld 1977; Delporte 1979; Rice 1981; Gamble 1982; Cerda 1983; Guthrie 1984; Praslov 1985; Sonneville-Bordes 1986; Lorblanchet and Welte 1987; Gvozdover 1989; Duhard 1989).
45
Braithwaite, R. J. "Exceptionally high ablation in 1985 at Qamanârssûp sermia, West Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 130 (December 31, 1986): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v130.7954.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As part af the GGU programme of hydropower investigations in West Greenland, climatological and glaciological measurements were continued at Qamanârssiip sermia (inventory number lCH21(02) in 1985. The field programme was generally the same as in previous years (see Braithwaite, 1985a, b). The station was established in August 1979 so that records for six complete summers 1980-1985 are now available. Detailed summaries of results up to 1984 are given in Braithwaite (1985a, b) while the latest results will be presented in a Gletscher-hydrologiske Meddelelser in spring 1986.
46
KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 61, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1987): 55–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002056.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
-Sidney W. Mintz, Mats Lundahl, The Haitian economy: man, land and markets. New York: St. Martins Press, 1983. 290 pp.-Regine Altagrace Latortue, Léon-Francois Hoffmann, Essays on Haitian Literature. Washington D.C.: Three Continents Press, 1984. 184 pp.-Robert Forster, Lieutenant Howard, The Haitian journal of lieutenant Howard, York Hussars, 1796-1798. Edited with an introduction by Roger Norman Buckley. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1985. liv + 194.-David Bray, Bernardo Vega, Los Estados Unidos y Trujillo, año 1930. Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicano, 1986. 2 vols. xi + 1120 pp.-David Bray, Bernardo Vega, Los Estados Unidos y Trujillo, año 1947. Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicana, 1984. 2 vols. xi + 1018 pp.-David Bray, Bernardo Vega, Nazismo, fascismo y falangismo en la Republica Dominicana. Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicana, 1985. 415 pp.-Tony Thorndike, Bruce J. Calder, The impact of intervention: The Dominican Republic during the US occupation of 1916-1924. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1984. 358 pp.-Marcella M. Little, Jacques Barbier ,The North American role in the Spanish imperial economy 1760-1819. Manchester, England, 1984: Manchester University Press. pp. 232., Allan J. Kuethe (eds)-Janette Forte, Peter Riviere, Individual and society in Guiana: a comparative study of Amerindian social organisation. Cambridge, London, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984. 127 pp.-Stephen D. Glazier, Jay D. Dobbin, The Jombee dance of Montserrat: a study of trance ritual in the West Indies. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1986. 202 pp.-Robert J. Stewart, Stephen D. Glazier, Marchin' the Pilgrims home: leadership and decision-making in an Afro-Caribbean faith. Connecticut and London: Greenwood Press, 1983. xv + 165 pp.-Sidney M. Greenfield, Karen Fog Olwig, Cultural adaptation and resistance on St. John: three centuries of Afro-Caribbean life. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1985. xii + 226 pp.-Adam Kendon, William Washabaugh, Five fingers for survival. Ann Arbor: Karoma Publishers, Inc., 1986. xiv + 198 pp.-Evelyne T. Menard, Carnot (F. Moloen), Alors ma chére...Propos d'un musicien guadeloupéen recueillis et traduits par Marie-Céline Lafontaine. Paris: Editions Caribéennes, 1986. 159 pp.-Sally Price, Suzanne Slesin ,Caribbean style. Authors include Daniel Rozensztroch. Photographs by Gilles de Chabaneix. New York: Clarkson N. Potter, 1985. 290 pp., Stafford Cliff, Jack Berthelot (eds)-Allison Blakely, Gert Oostindie ,In het land van de overheerser. Deel II. Antillianen en Surinamers in Nederland, 1634/1667-1954. Dordrecht (Holland) and Providence RI (U.S.A.): Foris Publications, 1986. xi + 255 pp., Emy Maduro (eds)-Rosemarijn Hoefte, E. van de Boogaart ,Overzee: Nederlandse koloniale geschiedenis, 1590-1975. Haarlem: Fibula-van Dishoek, 1982. 291 pp., P.J. Drooglever et al (eds)-Frederick J. Conway, P.I. Gomes, Rural development in the Caribbean. London: C. Hurst and Company. New York: St. Martins Press, 1985. xxi + 246 pp.-Steve M. Slaby, Charles Edquist, Capitalism, socialism and technology: a comparative study of Cuba and Jamaica. London: Zed Books Ltd., 1985. xiii + 182 pp.-Joan D. Mandle, June Nash ,Women and social change in Latin America. South Hadley, Mass.: Bergin and Garvey Publishers, 1986. 372 pp., Helen Safa (eds)-Bonham C. Richardson, Michael L. Conniff, Black labor on a white canal: Panama, 1904-1981. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1985. xv + 221 pp.-Brackette F. Williams, Stephen Glazier, Caribbean ethnicity revisited. A special edition of Ethnic Groups, International periodical of ethnic studies. New York, London, Paris, Montreaux, Tokyo: Gordon Breach Science Publishers, 1985. 164 pp.-Gert J. Oostindie, Frauke Gewecke, Die Karibik; zur Geschichte, Politik und Kultur einer Region. Frankfurt/M: Verlag Klaus Dieter Vervuert 1984. 165 pp.
47
Miller, Arnold I. "The Relationship Between Global Diverisfication and Spatio-Temporal Transitions in Paleozoic Bivalvia." Paleontological Society Special Publications 5 (1990): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s247526220000544x.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Over the past several years, a variety of macroevolutionary studies have focused on global diversification patterns exhibited by the earth's biota as a whole, as well as among constituent groups. One motivation for this increased attention is the recognition that analyses of temporal changes in global diversity can provide substantial insight into underlying macroevolutionary processes (e.g. Sepkoski, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1984; Sepkoski et al., 1981; Gould and Calloway, 1980; Carr and Kitchell, 1980; Kitchell and Carr, 1985; Miller and Sepkoski, 1988). Indeed, much about the dynamics of macroevolution has been elucidated through such investigations, but major diversity transitions in the history of life cannot be fully understood without consideration of the local, environmental/ecological contexts in which they took place. In other words, in the study of macroevolution, it is important to pay as much attention to the space dimension as has historically been paid to the time dimension. The utility of a spatio-temporal approach has been demonstrated in a series of studies conducted by Sepkoski and Sheehan (1983), Sepkoski and Miller (1985), Jablonski and Bottjer (1983), Bottjer and Jablonski (in press), Droser and Bottjer (1988), Bottjer et al. (1988), and Miller (1988, in press). Collectively, these investigations have suggested that major changes in the global diversities of several groups were accompanied by measurable paleoenvironmental shifts.
48
Onyeka Nwanunobi, C. "Incendiarism and other fires in nineteenth-century Lagos (1863–88)." Africa 60, no. 1 (January 1990): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160429.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Opening ParagraphWithin the past decade, several major fires involving key government establishments have occurred in Nigeria. These included fires at: the 10-storey Federal Ministry of Education building (5 September 1980); the 11-storey Republic Building of the Ministry of External Affairs (14 December 1981); the 37-storey External Communication Building, NECON House (24 January 1983); the 13th floor of the 23-storey building housing the Defence Ministry (27 October 1983); the Accounts Department of the Cabinet Office (19 March 1984); the Finance and Accounts Division of the Post and Telegraphs (Ministry of Communications) headquarters (4 December 1984); and the 32-storey Cocoa House in Ibadan (8 January 1985). The latest of these fires engulfed the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Headquarters in Lagos on 12 April 1986.
49
Huang, C. C., Y. F. Chen, and L. Chen. "Spectral Variations of AG Dra Between 1981 and 1985." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 103 (1988): 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100103422.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After a long quiet phase AG Dra underwent an outstandingly active phase with two outbursts in 1980 Nov. and 1981 Nov.(Viotti et al, 1984). Since then a new quiet phase has followed. In this work we analyse two spectra of AG Dra, of which, one was taken in 1981 by C.C. Huang at the Haute-Provence Observatory using the Marly spectrograph with a dispersion of 80 A/mm at the 1.2 m telescope, the other was obtained by Dr Y.Andrillat in 1985 with the same instrument.Figure 1 shows the spectral variations of AG Dra between 1981 and 1985. The main features of the emission line spectrum are not much different between the two spectra, except that in 1985 there was a new wide weak emission line at 3488 A possibly due to FeII. There were a lot of strong emission lines due to H, HeI, HeII and 0III in both spectra. The spectrum of the late-type component was much more obvious in 1985 than in 1981. In 1985 the lines of CaII K, CaIλ4227 and the G-band of CH were quite strong. In addition we measured a lot of absorption lines due to FeI, SrII and TiII on the 1985 plate. The Balmer continuum emission and the blue contiuum were enhanced in 1981. On the 1981 plate the stellar spectrum in ultraviolet can be traced beyond 3200 A and the blue continuum heavily veiled the spectrum of the cool component. In 1985 they were much weaker.
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Murphy, Robert K., and Karen A. Smith. "Sharp-tailed Grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus) population dynamics and restoration of fire-dependent northern mixed-grass prairie." Canadian Field-Naturalist 133, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v133i3.2115.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Case studies of Sharp-tailed Grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus) population dynamics before and during re-introduction of fire to northern mixed-grass prairies that lacked fire for multiple decades are unavailable. At a 108-km2 northern mixed-grass prairie refuge in North Dakota, fire was suppressed from the early 1900s through late 1970s. Nine management units (total area 16.8 km2, 15.7% of the refuge) received initial prescribed fire treatments during 1979–1984. The mean annual density of male Sharp-tailed Grouse attending leks on these units during 1981–1985 (9.0 males/km2) was twice that on the same units during 1961–1965 (4.2 males/km2), amid the fire exclusion era; nonoverlap of 90% CIs encompassing the means suggested a significant treatment effect. However, densities of males on units managed without prescribed fire during 1961–1965 and 1981–1985 did not change between the two periods. By 1987, fire had been re–introduced to >50% of the refuge overall. Mean annual abundance (i.e., total numbers) of lekking males on the entire refuge did not differ between 1961–1965 and 1981–1985 but was significantly greater during 1989–1993 than during 1961–1965 and 1981–1985. Changes in density and abundance of lekking males coincided with fire-induced reductions in woody cover and increases in herbaceous cover. Our study illustrates the marked capacity of Sharp-tailed Grouse to respond to reductions of tree and shrub cover resulting from prescribed fire in northern mixed-grass prairie and the species’ attraction to habitat disturbance in general.