Дисертації: "Tire development process"

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Pagliarecci, Nico. "On the understanding of the vehicle-driver interaction using the objectification of subjective assessment : application to the tire development process." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MULH4104.

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Le pneu est fortement impliqué dans les performances d'un véhicule. La consommation de carburant du véhicule (résistance au roulement, aérodynamisme), le bruit, le confort, la tenue de route et la sécurité sont liés au pneumatique choisi. En utilisant des mesures objectives, il est possible de prédire certaines de ces caractéristiques, mais pour d'autres comme la manipulation, nous ne pouvons pas vraiment prédire l'évaluation subjective faite par des pilotes d'essai expérimentés. La méthodologie essai/erreur est parfois appliquée pour identifier le potentiel des pneus et évaluer les performances des pneus en fonction de conceptions et de caractéristiques mécaniques spécifiques.Aujourd'hui, dans l'industrie automobile, l'évaluation des performances de conduite des véhicules et des pneus est encore largement réalisée sur une base subjective par des conducteurs d'essai expérimentés. Ceci est justifié par le fait que la perception par les clients des performances du véhicule est également subjective et qu'aucune relation fiable n'a été trouvée pour relier les mesures objectives des performances à la perception humaine des performances.Une revue de littérature approfondie sur l'objectivation de l'évaluation subjective, l'interaction véhicule-conducteur, la simulation de la dynamique du véhicule et l'analyse de données multivariée exploratoire ainsi que les tests d'hypothèses statistiques est la première étape de la recherche visant à étudier les méthodologies, l'analyse des données et les outils statistiques. utilisé par d'autres chercheurs.Sur la base de la revue de la littérature, la thèse propose une méthodologie qui permet de traduire des évaluations subjectives en métriques objectives (environnement véhicule ainsi qu'environnement véhicule-pneu) permettant la prédiction du résultat d'un test subjectif en utilisant des mesures objectives conduisant à une réduction de les itérations au cours du processus de développement du pneu. Le choix de la complexité du modèle de dynamique du véhicule le plus pertinent décrit les principales caractéristiques mécaniques du pneu affectant les performances de tenue de route et leur effet sur les métriques objectives d'intérêt.Des manœuvres expérimentales spécifiques de la dynamique du véhicule ont été sélectionnées pour cette étude dans le but de dévoiler la complexité de l'évaluation subjective de la maniabilité sans être simpliste et en prêtant attention à l'interconnexion des différentes variables et à leur interaction avec les facteurs contextuels.Dans le cadre de l'étude de corrélation mentionnée ci-dessus, le rôle du conducteur dans le système conducteur-véhicule est étudié. Les résultats présentés montrent qu'avec la méthodologie choisie, il est possible de mieux comprendre la stratégie de test du conducteur en identifiant les principales réponses du véhicule affectant toutes les étapes de l'évaluation subjective.Pour approfondir et renforcer la compréhension du rôle du conducteur, deux études de panel impliquant des conducteurs professionnels et non professionnels ont été réalisées. Celles-ci ont permis l'étude et l'analyse de l'interaction véhicule-conducteur en termes de proprioception et de vision, d'influences audiovisuelles et de séquelles en mouvement
The tire is heavily involved in the performance of a vehicle. Vehicle's fuel consumption (rolling resistance, aerodynamics), noise, comfort, handling and safety are related to the tire chosen. By using objective measurements, it is possible to predict some of those features but for some others like handling we cannot really predict the subjective evaluation made by experienced test drivers. Trial/error methodology is sometimes applied to identify tire potential and to gauge the tire performance related to specific designs and mechanical characteristics.Today, in the automotive industry, the evaluation of vehicle and tire handling performance is still largely performed on a subjective basis by experienced test drivers. This is justified by the fact that customer perception of vehicle performance is also made subjectively and, no reliable relationship has been found to relate objective performance measures to the human perception of performance.An extensive literature review on the objectification of subjective assessment, the vehicle-driver interaction, the vehicle dynamics simulation and the explorative multivariate data analysis as well as statistical hypothesis testing is the first research step aimed to investigate the methodologies, the data analytics and statistical tools used by other researchers.Based on the literature review, the thesis proposes a methodology that allows to translate subjective evaluations into objective metrics (vehicle environment as well as vehicle-tire environment) enabling the prediction of the outcome of a subjective test by using objective measurements leading to a reduction of the iterations during the tire development process. The choice of the most relevant vehicle dynamics model’s complexity depicts the main tire mechanical features affecting the handling performance and their effect on the objective metrics of interest. Specific experimental vehicle dynamics maneuvers have been selected for this study with the aim of unpacking the complexity of the subjective handling assessment without being simplistic and paying attention to interconnectedness of the different variables and their interplay with contextual factors.In the frame of the above-mentioned correlation study, the role of the driver in the driver-vehicle system is investigated. The results presented show that, with the chosen methodology, it is possible to gain insights on the driver’s testing strategy identifying the main vehicle responses affecting all the stages of the subjective evaluation. To deepen and strengthen the understanding of the driver’s role, two panel studies involving professional and non-professional drivers have been carried out. Those allowed the study and analysis of the vehicle-driver interaction in terms of proprioception and vision, audio-visual influences and aftereffects in motion

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2

Garcia, Ana Maria. "Evaluation of scrap tire-derived porous rubber tubing as a green membrane for sustainable water filtration (ECOL-Mem process)." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002109.

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3

Shaik, Taqui Hassan Ansari. "Automated development of process time estimating models." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4111.

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This research has examined the cost estimating and cost modeling research literature and identified the benefits and limitations of existing practices. Particular emphasis has been placed on the methods available for developing cost models at the early stages of product and process development where data from which to develop models is scarce. Shortfalls in existing practices have been identified as well as potential methods of resolving these limitations. Of these methods Virtual Manufacturing appears to offer the greatest potential for resolving issues with lack of data availability by enabling such data to be generated. Detailed trials have, therefore, been undertaken to examine the effectiveness of Virtual Manufacturing in terms of its ability to generate valid data in the quantities required to ensure accurate cost models can be developed. In addition, the research has involved the use of Data Mining techniques to identify the cost estimating relationship's within the data output from the Virtual Manufacturing trials. Here the aim has been to investigate the potential use of Data Mining techniques to fully automate the data analysis stage of the cost model development process.

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4

Monteiro, Goncalo. "The growth process under time non-separable preferences /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7384.

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5

McNutt, Ross Theodore. "Reduced DoD product development time : the role of the schedule development process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58866.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Technology, Management, and Policy Program, February 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 539-544).
According to the Packard Commission, "Unreasonably long acquisition cycles -- ten to fifteen years for major weapon systems is a central problem from which most other acquisition Problems stem." Since the commission issued its report in 1986, the time required to develop new military systems has only grown. This research and its recommendations are intended to identify and eliminate the causes of those long development times for military systems. This report addresses a key factor in determining the development time for military projects: the project's initial schedule. Part 1 outlines the current situation, previous efforts to reduce development time, and experiences with cutting development time in the commercial sector. It also documents the military product development process. Part 2 identifies a key area--the schedule development process, and its impact on development time--for in-depth research. Through understanding what is driving the initial project schedule and the impact of the initial project schedule on the eventual development time, the author identifies key drivers of development time. Part 3 presents the results of three surveys and analyzes the processes used to develop a project's initial schedule, the process used to develop a contracted schedule, and the impact of these schedules on actual development time. Part 4 presents observations, draws conclusions, and makes specific recommendations for remedial action. The key barriers to reducing development time for military systems are the lack of importance placed on project schedules; the lack of effective schedule-based information and tools; the lack of schedule-based incentives; and the overriding impact of the funding-based limitations on defense projects. The steps necessary to establish a focus on reducing development time are: 1) recognizing the impact of development time, 2) providing the necessary information for decision makers, 3) providing proper incentives at each organizational level, and finally providing a structure to effectively managce the set of all development projects to ensure that each project can be funded based on its development related requirements. Implementing the recommendations and focusing on reducing development time will force other changes in the acquisition process. The focus on reducing the time to develop and field systems will drive the acquisition system to better meet the needs of our warfighters, more rapidly, and at lower cost. Better, Faster, and Cheaper. Even more importantly, shortening development times is critical to develop and produce with limited resources, the right weapons at the right time to deter or to defeat any potential enemy at any time with the minimum cost to our warfighters.
by Ross McNutt.
Ph.D.

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Mar, Carey W. (Carey William) 1970. "Process improvement applied to product development : an approach to control development lead time." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9778.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-114).
Speed and flexibility in product development will be the differentiators that determine which companies will have competitive advantages in the next decade. To this end, many authors have advanced frameworks and tools for streamlining product development processes, all with the objective of reducing the time required to engineer and deliver a quality product. Frameworks such as concurrent engineering describe what the process should evolve to, while tools such as cross-functional teams address implementation. But one element that has not been clearly addressed is the measurement and improvement of the development process during the pursuit of this goal. The focus of this thesis is on the design of an approach to improve the product development process, based on applying established process improvement techniques and project simulation. The objective of the improvement effort is to increase control over development lead time. Achieving this control promotes efficient product development by allowing the development team to: i) improve speed and flexibility, and ii) confidently evaluate the trade-off between them when necessary. A "Voice of the Customer" study of the product development process at a large American automobile manufacturer was used to determine inhibitors of this control and efficiency. Considering the relationship between these inhibitors, three improvement efforts were identified: ** Track and address the causes of delay ** Optimize schedule recovery actions, and ** Develop a more representative measure of project progress. To implement these efforts, two tools are discussed. A delay tracking framework was designed to collect and analyze activity delays. This analysis focuses the reduction of controllable causes of delay and aids in the determination of the efficacy of schedule recovery actions. A project simulation was used to illustrate the expected effects of implementing the three improvement efforts. The simulation can be used to generalize the learnings from tracking delay to aid in making project management decisions. More specifically, the use of the simulation for evaluating schedule recovery actions and the effect of proposed changes in design requirements is discussed.
by Carey W. Mar.
S.M.

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7

Holmqvist, Johan, and Tord Karlsson. "Enhanced Automotive Real-Time Testing Through Increased Development Process Quality." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-9945.

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The purpose of this master thesis is to improve the quality of software testing in a large company developing real-time embedded systems. Software testing is a very important part of software development. By performing comprehensive software testing the quality and validity of a software system can be assured. One of the main issues with software testing is to be sure that the tests are correct. Knowing what to test, but also how to perform testing, is of utmost importance.

In this thesis, we explore different ways to increase the quality of real-time testing by introducing new techniques in several stages of the software development model. Four complementary methods are suggested. The proposed methods are validated by implementing them in an existing and completed project on a subset of the software development process. The original output from the completed project is compared with the new output.

The presented results from the validation are positive in the sense that it is shown that the test stage was more qualitative, mostly due to a higher level of quality on input from earlier stages.

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8

Osborne, Sean M. "Product development cycle time characterization through modeling of process iteration." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12381.

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9

Jiang, Jingyue. "Development of real-time process control systems using formal techniques." Thesis, Aston University, 1995. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/8097/.

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A major application of computers has been to control physical processes in which the computer is embedded within some large physical process and is required to control concurrent physical processes. The main difficulty with these systems is their event-driven characteristics, which complicate their modelling and analysis. Although a number of researchers in the process system community have approached the problems of modelling and analysis of such systems, there is still a lack of standardised software development formalisms for the system (controller) development, particular at early stage of the system design cycle. This research forms part of a larger research programme which is concerned with the development of real-time process-control systems in which software is used to control concurrent physical processes. The general objective of the research in this thesis is to investigate the use of formal techniques in the analysis of such systems at their early stages of development, with a particular bias towards an application to high speed machinery. Specifically, the research aims to generate a standardised software development formalism for real-time process-control systems, particularly for software controller synthesis. In this research, a graphical modelling formalism called Sequential Function Chart (SFC), a variant of Grafcet, is examined. SFC, which is defined in the international standard IEC1131 as a graphical description language, has been used widely in industry and has achieved an acceptable level of maturity and acceptance. A comparative study between SFC and Petri nets is presented in this thesis. To overcome identified inaccuracies in the SFC, a formal definition of the firing rules for SFC is given. To provide a framework in which SFC models can be analysed formally, an extended time-related Petri net model for SFC is proposed and the transformation method is defined.

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Andersson, Johan, and Amirhossein Gharaie. "It is Time to Become Data-driven, but How : Depicting a Development Process Model." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45353.

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Background: The business model (BM) is an essential part of firms and it needs to be innovated continuously to allow firms to stay or become competitive. The process of business model innovation (BMI) unfolds incrementally by re-designing or developing new activities in order to provide value propositions (VP). With increasing availability of data, pressure on BMI to orchestrate their activities towards putting data as a key resource and develop data-driven business models (DDBM) is growing. Problematization: The DDBM provides valuable possibilities by utilizing data to optimize current businesses and create new VPs. However, the development process of DDBMs is outlined as challenging and scarcely reviewed. Purpose: This study aims to explore how a data-driven business model development process looks. More specifically, we adopted this research question: What are the phases and activities of a DDBM development process, and what characterizes this process? Method: This is a qualitative study in which the empirical data was collected through 9 semi-structured interviews where the respondents were divided among three different initiatives. Empirical Findings: This study enriches the existing literature of BMI in general and data-driven business model innovation in particular. Concretely, this study contributes to the process perspective of DDBM development. It helps to unpack the complexity of data engagement in business model development and provides a visual process model as an artefact that shows the anatomy of the process. Additionally, this study resonates with value logics manifestation through the states of artefacts, activities, and cognitions. Conclusions: This study concludes that the DDBM development process is structured with two phases as low data-related and high data-related activities, inheriting seven sub-phases consisting of different activities. Also, this study identified four underlying characteristics of the DDBM development process comprising value co-creation, iterative experiment, ethical and regulatory risk, and adaptable strategy. Future research: Further work is needed to explain the anatomy and structure of the DDBM development process in different contexts to uncover if it captures various complexities of data and increases its generalizability. Furthermore, more research is required to differentiate between different business models and consequently customizing the development process for each type. Future research can also further explore the value co-creation in developing DDBM. In this direction, it would be interesting to consider connecting the field of open innovation to the field of DDBM and, specifically, its role in the DDBMs development process. Another promising avenue for future research would be to go beyond the focus on merely improving the VP to maximize the data monetization, and instead focus on the interplay and role that data has on sustainability.

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Mau, K. Y. "The development of a real-time process control batch/semi-batch expert advisory system." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618636.

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Hussein, Jwan. "A time series analysis of private and public investment in Iraq's economic growth process (1970-2010)." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3651.

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Since the 1980s, there has been growing recognition among developing countries that an essential foundation for sustainable growth is capital investment, both public and private. While Iraq is an oil-rich country, with substantial oil revenue, only a small proportion of it has been allocated to importing the capital that is most needed, while the rest has mainly been used for consumption purposes. The effects of the oil-driven state development, conflicts, sanctions, high unemployment and delayed reforms have significantly shaped Iraq’s economy and limited the potential for private-sector-led growth over the past 40 years. This conclusion is worrying for a country like Iraq, which has shown some downward trends in private and public investment, both in the total amounts and relative to GDP. This study, the first of its kind, empirically assesses the pattern of domestic private investment in Iraq and its key determinants over the past four decades. It also examines the issue of the complementarity (crowd-in effect) or substitutability (crowd-out effect) between public capital and private investment in the trend in economic growth. Finally, it evaluates the determinants of public investment, to reveal the indirect impacts oil revenue has on private investment through the increasing of public investment. The thesis employs time-series data and annual datasets covering 1970-2010. Both the ADF and the PP unit root tests are employed to test for the stationarity of the data. Johansen’s cointegration is used to establish the long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables in the models. The VECM is also utilized to examine the short-run dynamics between the variables. The main empirical results support the accelerator principle hypothesis of a positive relationship between GDP and private investment. The McKinnon-Shaw hypothesis is, however, not verified in the case of Iraq but there is some evidence that private investment is crowded in by public investment, and that oil revenue has an indirect effect on private investment.

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Chen, Jianzhong. "Fundamental studies for development of real-time model-based feedback control with model adaptation for small scale resistance spot welding." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1109646314.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xix, 151 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 144-151). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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Silva, Fábio Rodrigues da. "Contribuição de mock-ups digitais na análise de manufaturabilidade de produtos automotivos baseados no Lean Product Development Process." Universidade de Taubaté, 2011. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=250.

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A competitividade do mercado automotivo global exige que as empresas automobilísticas forneçam um fluxo contínuo de novos produtos, para manter seus níveis de market share. A capacidade de desenvolver produtos com qualidade e inovadores no mercado, transformou-se na marca do sucesso das empresas competitivas. Os especialistas identificaram o desenvolvimento de produtos neste ambiente de alta pressão, como fundamentais para a sobrevivência organizacional. Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar práticas que contribuem como mecanismos de ligação entre o Processo Lean de Desenvolvimento de Produtos e o sistema de fabricação fundamentada no Lean Manufacturing. A análise será feita em uma das etapas do projeto do produto, dentro de um ambiente de Engenharia Simultânea, voltada para a manufaturabilidade, utilizando mock-ups digitais. Espera-se ganhos de performance do produto no chão-de-fábrica, a redução de retrabalhos no projeto do produto, e por conseqüência uma redução do lead-time total do programa. Será utilizada uma abordagem quantitativa, com o propósito de avaliar resultados, sobre um programa de um novo veículo, tendo como fonte de dados os diários, documentos e históricos de desenvolvimento e de soluções de problemas de manufaturabilidade, em três casos específicos. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados números comparativos entre o tempo de desenvolvimento com a aplicação da metodologia proposta e o tempo histórico com a metodologia tradicional incluindo os tempos de correções dos problemas não identificados previamente. As análises realizadas dos dados e informações obtidas indicam que as análises de manufaturabilidade através de mock-ups digitais, podem contribuir com ganhos de aproximadamente 15% no lead-time e uma redução na ordem de 1,64M nos gastos totais do programa, mostrando que as análises de manufaturabilidade, aplicadas ainda na fase embrionária do desenvolvimento do produto, em uma organização fundamentada na filosofia Lean, contribuem eficazmente em um programa para novos veículos na indústria automobilística.
The competitiveness of the global automotive market demands that car companies provide a continuous stream of new products to maintain their levels of market share. The ability to develop innovative and quality products on the market, became the hallmark of successful businesses competitive. Experts identified the development of products in this high-pressure environment as fundamental to organizational survival. This paper aims to demonstrate practices that serve as mechanisms linking the Lean Product Development Process and Manufacturing System based on Lean Manufacturing. The analysis will be done in one step from product design, within a Concurrent Engineering environment, focused on the feasibility by using digital mockups. It is expected gains in product performance on the factory floor, reducing rework in product design, and consequently a reduced lead-time total program. Will use a quantitative approach, in order to assess results on a program of a new vehicle, with the source data diaries, documents and historical development and feasibility solutions for problems in three specific cases. For the analysis of data were used comparative figures between the time of development with the proposed methodology and time history with the traditional methods including time correction of problems not previously identified. The analyzes of the data and information obtained indicates that the analysis of feasibility using digital mock-ups, can help with gains of around 15% for lead-time and a reduction in the order of 1.64 M in total expenditures of the program, showing that the analysis for feasibility, applied even at the embryonic stage of product development in an organization based on the Lean philosophy, contribute effectively in a program for new vehicles in the automotive industry.

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Gaudl, Swen. "Building robust real-time game AI : simplifying & automating integral process steps in multi-platform design." Thesis, University of Bath, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698997.

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Digital games are part of our culture and have gained significant attention over the last decade. The growing capabilities of home computers, gaming consoles and mobile phones allow current games to visualise 3D virtual worlds, photo-realistic characters and the inclusion of complex physical simulations. The growing computational power of those devices enables the usage of complex algorithms while visualising data. Therefore, opportunities arise for developers of interactive products such as digital games which introduce new, challenging and exciting elements to the next generation of highly interactive software systems. Two of those challenges, which current systems do not address adequately, are design support for creating Intelligent Virtual Agents and more believable non-player characters for immersive game-play. We start in this thesis by addressing the agent design support first and then extend the research, addressing the second challenge. The main contributions of this thesis are: - The POSH-SHARP system is a framework for the development of game agents. The platform is modular, extendable, offers multi-platform support and advanced software development features such as behaviour inspection and behaviour versioning. The framework additionally integrates an advanced information exchange mechanism supporting loose behaviour coupling. - The Agile behaviour design methodology integrates agile software development and agent design. To guide users, the approach presents a work-flow for agent design and guiding heuristics for their development. - The action selection augmentation ERGo introduces a "white-box" solution to altering existing agent frameworks, making their agents less deterministic. It augments selected behaviours with a bio-mimetic memory to track and adjust their activation over time. With the new approach to agent design, the development of "deepagent" behaviour for digital adversaries and advanced tools supporting their design is given. Such mechanisms should enable developers to build robust non-player characters that act more human-like in an efficient and robust manner. Within this thesis, different strategies are identified to support the design of agents in a more robust manner and to guide developers. These discussed mechanisms are then evolved to develop and design Intelligent Virtual Agents. Because humans are still the best measurement for human-likeness, the evolutionary cycle involves feedback given by human players.

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Marchao, Palmeiro Durao Pedro Filipe. "Monitoring of multicomponent pharmaceutical powders in a compression process : development of a robust real time monitoring tools." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10506.

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Анотація:

La façon dont l'industrie pharmaceutique développe et manufacture ses produits a évolué au cours de ces dernières années. L'environnement réglementaire auquel elle est contrainte a provoqué ce changement dans le but de doter de technologies de pointe dans ses différentes activités. L’encouragement pour utiliser les technologies d’analyse de procédé (PAT) afin d’implémenter le concept de « Quality By Design » (QbD) est l’exemple le plus significatif de ce nouveau paradigme. Lentement, les industries implémentent ces technologies pour de nouveaux produits, mais également pour certains produits déjà existants, bénéficiant ainsi de leurs avantages. Pour implémenter des PAT dans un procédé, plusieurs étapes doivent être franchies, de l’étude de faisabilité des instruments jusqu’à l’approbation règlementaire. Cette thèse décrit l’étude initiale (faisabilité et développement de modèles) avant toute demande d’autorisation d’utilisation d’outils PAT (proche infra-rouge (NIR), caméra RGB et fluorescence induite par laser (LIF)) pour suivre le procédé de compression d’un mélange commercial comprenant plusieurs ingrédients. Après avoir établi le potentiel de ces différents outils, des modèles quantitatifs calculés par régression par moindres carrés partiels (PLS) ont été développés pour suivre les composants ayant une concentration aussi faible que 0,1 w/w%, avec un coefficient de détermination (R2) de 0,95. Il a également été démontré que l’utilisation conjointe de données de plus d’un outil améliorait la précision du modèle. La spécificité de chacun des outils a également été évaluée à l’aide de plan d’expériences factoriels complets pour lesquels les modèles ont été construits en faisant varier simultanément la concentration de différents éléments. Même dans ces conditions, les modèles construits ont montré une précision acceptable, en considérant les critères d’acceptation utilisés pour les produits alimentaires comme les multivitamines. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse a contribué à la publication de trois articles et de trois présentations orales. En plus de l’établissement de la preuve de concept, ce qui augmente les opportunités pour tester d’autres sondes, la possibilité de suivre en ligne la composition quantitative dans la ligne d’alimentation de la presse a également été établi. Dans ce dernier cas, tous les outils sont suffisamment précis pour suivre au moins un des composants, même si celui-ci est présent en faible concentration et fait partie d’un mélange de plusieurs composants. Conséquemment, l’industrie peut utiliser ses connaissances pour suivre le procédé de compression de façon plus adéquate en augmentant l’éventail des outils utilisés à cet effet. Une recherche fondamentale pourrait également investiguer les phénomènes tels que la ségrégation afin mieux les comprendre.
Abstract : The way pharmaceutical industry develops and manufactures their products has been changing in recent years. The regulatory environment that they are obligated to comply has been pushing this change in order to endow this activity with state of art technology. The encouragement of the use of process analytical technology (PAT) to build the quality right from the design (QbD) is perhaps the most significant example of the new paradigm. The manufacturers are implementing this technology in new and existing products and benefiting from their advantages. To implement PAT in a process, many steps must be taken (from the study of feasibility of the instruments until regulatory approval). This thesis describes the initial study (feasibility and model developments), prior to any submission of authorization, of the use of PAT tools (Near-Infrared (NIR), Red Green Blue (RGB) camera and Light Induced Fluorescence (LIF)) to monitor the compression process of a commercial multi-component blend. After the potential of these tools was assessed, quantitative Partial Least Squares (PLS) models were able to be developed to monitor components with a concentration as low as 0.1 w/w % with a R2 of 0.95. It was also proved that combining data from more than one tool was benefit for the accuracy of the model. The tools were also evaluated to their specificity by using a full factorial design where the models were built with simultaneous variations of concentration of some of the components. Even in this challenging case, the models built remained with an acceptable accuracy, considering the acceptance criteria used for dietary products such as multi-vitamins. The work developed in this thesis contributed to the publication of 3 articles and 3 communications. Along with the proof of concept that it provided - which enlarged the opportunities for testing other probes - it also proved that is possible to monitor in-line the components in the feed frame. In this latter case, all the tools were accurate enough to monitor at least one component even if they are present in low concentration and part of multi-component blends. Therefore, the industry can use this knowledge to monitor the compression process more adequately, increasing the range of tools used for the effect. Fundamental research can also be investigated as phenomena like segregation can be more accurately identified.

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Lindblom, Agnes. "Detaljplaneprocessens tidsåtgång:En djupanalys av två detaljplaner i tre kommuner." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188898.

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Bakgrunden till detta examensarbete har sin grund i den bostadsbrist som finns i Sverige idag och den allmänna debatten om ökat bostadsbyggande och långsamma planprocesser som pågår. I studien har två detaljplaner, med huvudändamål bostäder, i var och en av de tre kommunerna Botkyrka, Norrköping och Västerås djupgående analyserats, i syfte att bringa klarhet i vilka aktiviteter och komponenter som faktiskt ger upphov till tidsåtgång i detaljplaneprocessens olika skeden. Av studien, vars tillvägagångssätt baserats på dokumentanalyser och intervjuer, framgår att detaljplaneprocessen utifrån sin utformning samt uppbyggnad via plan- och bygglagen (PBL) tar ”tid”. Hur lång tid en process tar beror enligt studien på flera olika anledningar som kan ha med den specifika planen och/eller kommunen att göra. Resultatet av undersökningen visar på att det i ett tidigt skede är väldigt svårt att uppskatta tidsåtgången för en detaljplan, då alla planer till viss del är unika och då oförutsebara komponenter och aktiviteter vanligtvis dyker upp under processens gång. Tidsåtgången för detaljplaneprocessen, räknat från det att ett formellt planuppdrag ges till det att detaljplanen vinner laga kraft, har för de planer som studerats i arbetet kraftigt varierat mellan 21 månader till 7 år. I snitt har dock processen för samtliga planer endast aktivt bedrivits under 1,5 – 3 år. Anledningen till att arbetet med vissa detaljplaner avstannat eller fördröjts har bland annat med oerfarna byggherrars brist på kunskap, politisk oenighet, sena inspel och bristen på resurser att göra. Enligt studien är de aktiviteter som ger upphov till störst tidsåtgång i detaljplaneprocesserna framförallt kopplade till utredningsarbetet. Det handlar både om att det är många utredningar som behöver tas fram och att de tar tid. Av studien framgår att tidseffektiviseringar i planprocessen är önskvärt så länge kvalitén kan bibehållas och detaljplanernas genomförbarhet kan säkerställas. Bostadsbristen i regionerna och det höga trycket i kommunerna lyfts fram som aspekter till varför det är viktigt. De förslag till förbättringsåtgärder som framhålls i denna studie handlar bland annat om att få till stånd bättre former för tidig samverkan mellan involverade parter, att ge den strategiska planeringen större tyngd och att utreda mer i ett tidigt skede, att skapa tydliga kommunövergripande mål och prioriteringsordningar för detaljplaner samt förbättra kommunens system och arbetsrutiner. Utöver det omnämns även ett behov av att utöka kommunens resurser och att öka tydligheten i vilka beslut som behöver fattas politiskt och på vilken nivå samt om det finns beslut som kan delegeras till kommunernas förvaltningar.
The background of this master thesis stems from the housing shortage that exists in Sweden today and the general debate on increased housing and slow planning processes that are currently taking place. In this study an in-depth analysis of two detailed development plans in each of the three municipalities of Botkyrka, Norrköping and Västerås has been carried out, in order to shed light on which activities and components that give rise to time consumption in the various stages of the planning process. The study, which is based on document analysis and interviews, concludes that the Swedish planning process due to its overall design and by being regulated by the Swedish planning and building act (PBL) takes "time". How much time the process takes depends, according to the analysis, on several different reasons that may have with the specific detailed development plan and/or the municipality to do. The result of the case studies carried out in this master thesis shows that it’s very difficult in an early stage to estimate how much time that will be required in order to create a detailed development plan. The reason for this is that every plan is somewhat unique and that unforeseeable components and activities usually emerge during the process. The time-cost of the planning process for the detailed development plans studied in this master thesis varied greatly from 21 months to 7 years. On average, however, the process for all the plans was only actively pursued during 1,5 - 3 years. The reason that the development of some of the plans was delayed or postponed has to do with, among other things, inexperienced developers lack of knowledge with regards to the planning process, political disagreements, belated demands for additional investigations and shortage of staff. According to this study, conducting surveys and investigations are the most time consuming activities within the planning process. It is a combination of many surveys needed to be carried out and that each one of them takes time to complete. The result of this study shows that more time-efficient planning processes are desirable as long as the quality can be maintained and the feasibility of the detailed development plans can be guaranteed. The housing shortage in the regions and the high pressure to draw up plans and build homes in the municipalities are brought up as aspects of why it is important. The improvements that are suggested in the study involves, among others things, establishing better forms of early collaboration between all parties involved, giving the strategic planning greater weight and conducting more surveys in an early stage, creating clear common goals and priorities within the municipality's and furthermore improve the municipality's systems and working practices. In addition, it is suggested that the municipality's resources should be extended and that there should be an increased transparency regarding which decisions in the planning processes that need to be made politically and at what level, and if there are decisions that can be delegated to the municipality’s administrations.

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Stern, Alexander. "The Effect of Integrating 1st-tier Suppliers into the Product Development Process on the Environmental Performance : A Study in the German Automotive Industry." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-57321.

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Title: The Effect of Integrating 1st-tier Suppliers into the Product Development Process on the Environmental Performance – A Study in the German Automotive Industry Background: The research of this paper is based on the topics of 1st-tier supplier integration into the product development process and corporate social responsibility, with the environmental dimension as field of research. Furthermore, the German automotive industry is selected as a sample industry in which research is undertaken. Purpose: This research aims on finding a relation between 1st-tier supplier integration into the product development process and environmental performance. The dyad being examined is manufacturer and their 1st-tier suppliers – from the manufacturer’s point of view. I investigate the effect of supplier integration on the environmental performance in order to see whether the integration concept can support organizations in reaching their goals of customer satisfaction and image preservation. The German automotive industry is being utilized as it is recognized as pioneer industry in order to make an example for other sectors on how to measure 1st-tier suppliers’ environmental performance and how to efficiently integrate them in the manufacturer’s product development with the overall aim of enhancing environmental performance of manufacturers. Method: A qualitative research approach with multiple case studies based on semi-structured interviews has been applied for empirical data collection. The gathered data of three cases has been analyzed in a cross-case synthesis comparing the different cases with each other and with peer-reviewed literature. Results, conclusion: The gathered empirical information showed that German car manufacturers only rarely measure their 1st-tier suppliers’ environmental performance due to close and long-term relationships; additionally, the ISO 14001 standard is a minimum criterion of being a supplier in this industry and some quotes regarding3environmental performance are being forwarded to suppliers by manufacturers. In terms of 1st-tier supplier integration research shows in contrast to literature that the process of integration is not as relevant as other factors such as the supplier, the product and components. Regarding the 1st-tier supplier integration into the product development process affecting manufacturers’ environmental performance, the research at hand has shown a positive correlation. I believe that these results can be an example for other industries and dyads within the industry.

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Ahmed, Mustafa, and Victoria Fröst. "Personal Experiences of Somali Women in Uddevalla : A comparative case study on Somali women’s understandings of their experiences in the integration process." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för juridik, ekonomi, statistik och politik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-12743.

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In connection to an existing research project, Micro-migration and Integration with relevance for Uddevalla, this study aims to analyse and compare the subjective understandings of Somali women’s experiences in the integration process in the Swedish society. Integration is a multifaceted and ongoing process in which the self-understandings of this notion is bound to change over time in relation to socio-economic and cultural contexts. In light of this, the thesis employs a comparative case study that is based on data collected through focus group discussions with newly arrived women and women who have stayed in Sweden for a longer time. The analytical framework utilizes acculturation theory to study what traces of integration, assimilation, separation and marginalization can be identified in the selfunderstandings and how they develop over time. Some of the conclusions from the study by the interviewees notify language being crucial. Both groups understand that Swedish constitutes a step in the overall process for establishment and the newly arrived women showed an awareness about it being the ultimate factor that can speed up their own integration process. The findings of the research include that there is a deviation of the understandings between the groups when it comes to housing and identity. The group of newly arrived women with the exception of one participant, indicated a clear separation in regard to both aspects above whereas the women who have lived in Sweden for 9-10 years showed clear traces of integration. Hence, in the beginning of the integration process a person might have a theoretical understanding that indicates separation but experience a discursive shift towards the lens of integration.

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Nicholson, B. "An analysis of the process of information systems development across time and space : the case of outsourcing to India." Thesis, University of Salford, 1999. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14837/.

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The processes of globalisation have led to a world which is more closely connected and interdependent than ever before. The use of information technology has been instrumental in facilitating these interconnections and as the processes of globalisation have unfolded, whole industries have developed which are not dependent upon location to trade with their customers across the globe. There is no industry more seemingly suited to the notion of time and place independence than software development and the relative labour costs have meant that some developing countries have become popular locations for the outsourcing of information systems development. There is no country more involved in the outsourcing of software than India which has rapidly emerged as a world leader in the provision of outsourced software development. There have been few studies which have holistically and longitudinally examined this form of software development as a process. This thesis is the result of such a study. The aim of this research is to investigate the process of information systems development across time and space involving teams located in different countries. The research is undertaken with an interpretivist approach and methodology derived from Context Process analysis. The analysis of data is informed by the sociologist Anthony Giddens's later writings on globalisation as well as theory derived from the study of culture and power in organisations. The data collection was undertaken using a range of qualitative techniques. The outcomes of the research include an improved understanding of the implications for information systems development involving teams located in different countries collaborating with information technology across time and space, with relevance to the context of Indian outsourcing. Theoretical outcomes include an improved understanding of the methodological, social and political dimensions of information systems development using teams separated by time and space. The implications for management include an exposition of the issues involved in undertaking projects where teams are separated by time and space and guidance for moves to global software outsourcing.

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21

Patel, Chintankumar R. "Development of the Simulation Based Integrative Decision Support Framework for Flexible Manufacturing System with Real Time Process Plan Selection." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1282413649.

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Souza, Vanessa Faria de. "Processo para monitoramento de projetos distribuídos de software." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/3096.

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Contexto: É progressivo e significativo o número de empresas que estão distribuindo seus processos de produção de software ao redor do mundo visando ganhos de produtividade, redução de custos e melhorias na qualidade. Por isso, o Desenvolvimento Distribuído de Software (DDS) tem suscitado grande número de pesquisas na área de engenharia de software nos últimos anos e, os engenheiros, em reconhecimento à grande influência desta forma de trabalho, estão em busca de modelos e processos que facilitem produção de software, com equipes geograficamente dispersas. Além dos engenheiros, gerentes e executivos têm enfrentado desafios e dificuldades em diferentes níveis, envolvendo fatores gerenciais, em especial quanto ao monitoramento de projetos. O monitoramento de projetos de software é determinante para que se obtenha êxito em seu desenvolvimento. Quanto ao desenvolvimento de software, uma técnica que conquistou destaque é o Kanban, empregado junto à metodologias ágeis, neste sentido, é possível ressaltar também o uso de Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) em modelos que presam pelo gerenciamento e monitoramento de projetos. Objetivo: Nesta perspectiva, o objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é comprovar a seguinte hipótese: “Um projeto distribuído de software pode ter o cronograma de suas atividades monitoradas, por meio de um processo que aplique a técnica do Kanban e a modelagem BPMN”. Para tal, foi implementado um processo que aplica a técnica mencionada, junto à notação, como instrumento para a validação da hipótese. Métodos e Procedimentos: Com o propósito de comprovar a referida hipótese, foi utilizado o método experimental, o qual contou com 82 participantes, que trabalharam distribuidamente. Resultados: Após a realização do experimento, foram sistematizadas as informações; estes revelaram que a hipótese supracitada é válida, por conseguinte o processo proposto, que aplica as técnicas do Kanban e a modelagem BPMN, é efetivo no monitoramento do cronograma das atividades em um projeto distribuído. Espera-se que, com este resultado, a técnica Kanban, pouco explorada no DDS seja vista como vantajosa, por gerentes de projetos distribuídos, deste modo também melhorar o monitoramento das atividades em projetos desta natureza, e ampliar os materiais de pesquisa na área.
Context: It is progressive and significant number of companies that are distributing their software production processes around the world aiming gatasting productivity, reduced costs and improved quality. Therefore, the Development Distributed Software (DDS) has attracted large number of pesquisas in software engineering in recent years, and engineers, in recognition of the great influence of this form of work, they are looking for models and processes that facilitate production software, with geographically dispersed teams mind. In addition to engineers, managers and executives have faced challenges and difficulties, at different levels, involving managerial factors in spe cial as the project monitoring. Monitoring of software projects is crucial in order to obtain success in its development. As for the development of software, a technique that gained prominence is the Kanban inpreached by the agile methodologies, in this sense, it is also possible to emphasize the use of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) models that presam for managing and project monitoring. Objective: In this perspective, the objective of this master thesis is to prove the following hypothesis: "A software distributed design can have cronograma of their activities monitored through a process to apply the technique of Kanban and modeling BPMN. " To this end, it implemented a process that applies the aforementioned technique, with the notation as a tool to validate the hypothesis. Methods and Procedures: In order to prove that mortgage is, we used the experimental method, which was attended by 82 participants, who tra-balharam dis-tribuidamente. Results: After the experiment, were systematized intraining; These revealed that the above hypothesis is valid, therefore the proposed process, which applies the techniques of Kanban and BPMN modeling is efftive in monitoring the schedule of activities in a distributed project. Espear that, with this result, Kanban technique, little explored in DDS is seen as advantageous for project managers distributed thus also me lhorar monitoring activities in projects of this nature, and expand the materials research in the area.

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Barlas, Sofia, and Sofie Johansson. "Management and leadership within the FFE : Management-and leadership effects on time efficacy within the Fuzzy Front End of the New Product Development process." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39805.

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Today's fast-paced and increasingly competitive market has added pressure on companies and NPD-teams to improve both the quality of the products they provide, as well as the speed in which the products are introduced to the market. The main purpose within this study was to investigate two research questions; (a) How can various management- and leadership styles improve time efficacy without impairing the successes of the FFE of the NPD process; and (b) How can/does the uncertainty within the FFE affect project managers within the NPD process?Qualitative methods have been used within this study to gain a greater understating of the tasks and activities management have applied within the FFE to reduce and save time. A multiple case study, in the form of interviews, was performed in order to obtain raw empirical data. Eight interviews were conducted with individuals whom possessed managerial roles such as project managers, within the NPD process. The information was later analyzed and evaluated with the help of a thematic analysis.The main findings within this thesis contradict previous studies and literature which state the need for “more time” within the FFE of the NPD process. The result within this study suggest that project managers do not seek to extend the time provided within the FFE, rather identify task and methods which can enable them to use the time afforded wisely and efficiently. The managers do not seek to eliminate any tasks or activities; however, they do wish to identify less relevant activities in order to spend more time on valuable and beneficial tasks which increase the likely-hood of developing high quality products.

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Sandanayake, Yasangika Gayani. "Development of a model for performance measurement in just-in-time enabled manufacturing environments." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/69605.

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In this era of globalisation and fierce competition amongst businesses, there is a need to improve advanced operations management philosophies such as just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing to enhance business performance. Literature review shows that there is no mechanism so far to identify key JIT drivers relevant to a given organisation and its production processes, and their impact on enterprise performance. The research carried out here therefore involved the development of a generic performance measurement model to identify and capture the influence of JIT practices on enterprise performance. A conceptual performance measurement model, which was designed based on comprehensive literature review and informal interviews/discussions with both academic researchers and industry practitioners describes the link between JIT drivers (Xi) and measurable performance (Y). This mathematically determined model is aimed at assisting managers in the systematic identification of the influence of key JIT drivers on enterprise performance using a multidimensional tool such as the extended balanced scorecard. The case study approach was selected as the most suitable methodology for testing and validating the conceptual model in JIT enabled production plant and was applied to the production process of Denso Manufacturing (UK) Ltd., a global automotive component manufacturer. A novel eight-step implementation procedure was designed to collect data, which were analysed and validated by design of experiments, linear mathematical modelling, computer based dynamic simulation and analytic hierarchy process tool. The performance measurement model was then successfully applied to a non-automotive component production plant (Risane Ltd.). In conclusion, the performance measurement model can now be suitably applied to JIT enabled manufacturing environments using relevant organisation specific JIT drivers and key performance indicators to optimise system performance. The contribution to knowledge is an innovative, user friendly, robust and multidimensional performance measurement model enabling industry practitioners to optimise JIT processes with substantial performance enhancement. The model could also be applied by future researchers to other operations management philosophies and industries, and at a higher level could be developed into a self-optimising software package, which will enable rapid determination of the key control parameters needed to optimise process performance just in time.

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Oliveira, Margarida Gonçalves Saldanha. "Case Study : Hotel Investment & Development." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13762.

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Mestrado em Finanças
Um caso de estudo do Vila Monte Farm House, um hotel de luxo localizado no Algarve, é apresentado e analisado de forma detalhada. Nesta tese, o Discovery Portugal Real Estate Fund, um fundo imobiliário da private equity portuguesa Explorer Investments, tem de decidir se deve investir e reestruturar o Hotel Vila Monte. Adicionalmente, em caso afirmativo, também deve estimar qual o valor desse investimento. O problema é apresentado de forma clara e sintética, sendo desenvolvida e proposta uma possível solução. Começa por se analisar a indústria hoteleira, os seus fatores-chave e tendências, o estado geral da económica portuguesa e os intervenientes deste caso específico. Ademais, foi aplicado um método de Cash Flows Descontados ("DCF"). De forma a verificar este resultado e tomar uma decisão de investimento totalmente informada foram calculadas múltiplas métricas, assumindo diferentes valores de investimento inicial para cada caso: Valor Atualizado Líquido ("VAL"), Taxa Interna de Rentabilidade ("TIR") e Período de Reembolso Descontado. Finalmente, completou-se a análise aplicando múltiplos de mercado (rácios Preço-Resultado Líquido e Preço-Valor Contabilístico do Capital Próprio) e um resultado semelhante foi encontrado. Em suma, concluímos que, de acordo com os nossos pressupostos, o Discovery Portugal Real Estate Fund deve investir na aquisição e reestruturação do Hotel Vila Monte, uma vez que tal cria valor para os acionistas deste fundo.
A case study of Vila Monte Farm House, a luxury hotel based in Algarve, is presented and thoroughly analysed. In this thesis, Discovery Portugal Real Estate Fund, a real estate fund from the Portuguese private equity firm Explorer Investments, is considering whether it should invest in the acquisition and subsequent restructuring of Vila Monte Hotel and, if so, by how much it is willing to purchase. We present the problem in a clear and synthetized way and follow on by proposing a possible solution. We begin by focusing on the hospitality industry, its key drivers and trends, the overall state of the Portuguese economy and the intervenient of this specific case. Furthermore, we employ a Discounted Cash Flows ("DCF") technique. In order to cross-check this result and to make a fully informed investment decision we compute multiple metrics, assuming different initial investment values in each case: Net Present Value ("NPV"), Internal Rate of Return ("IRR") and Discounted Payback Period. Finally, we complete our analysis by applying market multiples (Price-Earnings and Price-to-Book ratios) and reach a similar result. We conclude that, according to our assumptions, Discovery Portugal Real Estate Fund should invest in the acquisition and restructuring of Vila Monte Hotel, since it creates value to the fund's shareholders.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Gbologah, Franklin Ekoue. "Development of a multimodal port freight transportation model for estimating container throughput." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34817.

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Computer based simulation models have often been used to study the multimodal freight transportation system. But these studies have not been able to dynamically couple the various modes into one model; therefore, they are limited in their ability to inform on dynamic system level interactions. This research thesis is motivated by the need to dynamically couple the multimodal freight transportation system to operate at multiple spatial and temporal scales. It is part of a larger research program to develop a systems modeling framework applicable to freight transportation. This larger research program attempts to dynamically couple railroad, seaport, and highway freight transportation models. The focus of this thesis is the development of the coupled railroad and seaport models. A separate volume (Wall 2010) on the development of the highway model has been completed. The model railroad and seaport was developed using Arena® simulation software and it comprises of the Ports of Savannah, GA, Charleston, NC, Jacksonville, FL, their adjacent CSX rail terminal, and connecting CSX railroads in the southeastern U.S. However, only the simulation outputs for the Port of Savannah are discussed in this paper. It should be mentioned that the modeled port layout is only conceptual; therefore, any inferences drawn from the model's outputs do not represent actual port performance. The model was run for 26 continuous simulation days, generating 141 containership calls, 147 highway truck deliveries of containers, 900 trains, and a throughput of 28,738 containers at the Port of Savannah, GA. An analysis of each train's trajectory from origin to destination shows that trains spend between 24 - 67 percent of their travel time idle on the tracks waiting for permission to move. Train parking demand analysis on the adjacent shunting area at the multimodal terminal seems to indicate that there aren't enough containers coming from the port because the demand is due to only trains waiting to load. The simulation also shows that on average it takes containerships calling at the Port of Savannah about 3.2 days to find an available dock to berth and unload containers. The observed mean turnaround time for containerships was 4.5 days. This experiment also shows that container residence time within the port and adjacent multimodal rail terminal varies widely. Residence times within the port range from about 0.2 hours to 9 hours with a mean of 1 hour. The average residence time inside the rail terminal is about 20 minutes but observations varied from as little as 2 minutes to a high of 2.5 hours. In addition, about 85 percent of container residence time in the port is spent idle. This research thesis demonstrates that it is possible to dynamically couple the different sub-models of the multimodal freight transportation system. However, there are challenges that need to be addressed by future research. The principal challenge is the development of a more efficient train movement algorithm that can incorporate the actual Direct Traffic Control (DTC) and / or Automatic Block Signal (ABS) track segmentation. Such an algorithm would likely improve the capacity estimates of the railroad network. In addition, future research should seek to reduce the high computational cost imposed by a discrete process modeling methodology and the adoption of single container resolution level for terminal operations. A methodology combining both discrete and continuous process modeling as proposed in this study could lessen computational costs and lower computer system requirements at a cost of some of the feedback capabilities of the model This tradeoff must be carefully examined.

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27

Pan, Sheng. "Development of a high pressure xenon gas time projection chamber with a unique cellular readout structure to search for neutrinoless double beta decay." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253472.

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28

Talucci, Sam. "Leadership development as reflexive practice." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/8966.

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This thesis examines Leadership Development in both a corporate setting and an expedition-based setting. The assumptions that are the foundations of current Leadership Development originate, and are informed by, aspects of the natural sciences. These methods are critiqued in terms of usability and applicability in the context of human relating. An alternative approach is investigated based on nonlinear causality and the complex responsive process of relating using the work of Stacey (2003, 2007, 2010), Stacey and Griffin (2005), Stacey et al. (2000). What is explored is the Leader as expert and the ability through communication, decision making, and planning to create certainty. What is problematized is the fantasy that this creates in ongoing day-to-day interactions. The work explores interactions between a leadership consultant/coach and clients in varied domains: the role of the practitioner in the delivery and creation of theory, models, best practices and standard operating procedures; and the reflections of both the practitioner and clients that what is emerging cannot be foreseen. This leads to a further exploration cycle of the human experience in organizations and how reification, the uncanny, and the struggle for recognition might offer other ways of making sense of the experience. The work examines the role of the consultant/teacher and the client/student and the emergence of knowledge. It further investigates the relationship of time and causality and how this is connected to theoretical knowledge and knowledge in action. This leads to a further connection of thinking, reflecting and reflexivity and what this means as practice for leadership development. Using the context of leadership coaching for management teams and connecting the reflexive aspect of knowledge, what is argued is that sensemaking as developed by Weick (1995, 2001, 2009), Weick and Sutcliffe (2007) is not a sufficient practice to explain and create best practices, standard operating procedures, models, and theories. What is also necessary, and is identified as sensemaking and connected to Elias (1987) work, is our own involvement and detachment as we abstract to understand what is happening in the moment between human agents. It is argued that paying attention to these aspects of ongoing human relating offer the possibility of thicker and a more contextualized understanding of the emergent unpredictable outcomes that leaders deal with every day.

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Litvinov, А. "Development and Research of Probabilistic Models of Quality Assessment of Management Information Systems Operation." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/55760.

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The purpose of the research is the development of stochastic models of management information systems (MIS) operation based on queueing systems. It has been shown that it is possible to use a single line queueing systems with the generalized erlang flow of random events. The study of such systems is carried out and the main characteristics of operation are obtained. This allows the planning of procedures for MIS operation.

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30

Pettersson, Viktoria, and Malin Magnusson. "Efficiency and Automation in the Interface between Airframe Development and Production : A study to identify and reduce time-consuming activities with focus on the methodology of In-Process Part Definition." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159933.

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This thesis started as an initiative from one of the co-authors that previously worked at SAAB AB during summer 2018. During the summer she worked with the design process of In-process part Definition (IPPD) and an interest emerged for making it more efficient. The design process of IPPD (DPOI) is where a design article, designed in CATIA, become manufacturable and adapted for assembly. The DPOI can be seen as the interface between the department of Airframe development and Production at SAAB AB. The first step was to investigate the current DPOI and conduct a pre-study to find time-consuming activities. The pre-study consisted of five interviews, an observational study and a time study were the aims was to collect employees' own opinions, approve a pre-defined workflow divided into twelve elements and find problem areas. Element 1.0-11.0 is tasks within the DPOI and element 12.0 is the first step in the review process called Checker. Element 4.0 and 8.0 were divided further into parallel activities where the operators in the time study performs either, e.g., E4.0 (macro) or E4.1 (manually). To find time-consuming activities a time study was performed. The authors of this thesis acted observers and clocked each element while three operators denoted A-C designed 24 IPPDs. The results from the time study showed that elements 1.0, 3.0, 4.1 and 7.0 were time-consuming and E4.1 had potential to become automated. The selection of 2-3 problems was carried out through two Weighted Sum Models (WSM) where criteria was defined and solutions was listed. Each solution was weighted to each criterion and got a total grade. The selected problems, based on the total grade, were: Documents and Combined macro. Documents and manuals for scenario 5, 6 and the entire design process of IPPD was developed to make new employees learning process more efficient. A draft macro for scenario 5 and new complete macros for scenario 1 and 6 was developed and used in the comparative study. The comparative study was conducted like the previous time study but instead the new developed macros was used to make E4.0 more efficient and eliminate E4.1. In the comparative study only E4.0 was clocked for all 24 IPPDs in the time study. The result showed that E4.0 has become average 60% more efficient for all IPPDs and the total time with the new developed macros for E4.0 vs E4.1 has become 14,3% more efficient. Problems and time-consuming activities has been found and improved. The performed comparative study shows that the DPOI can be minimized further in terms of time; there are possibilities to make more elements from the DPOI automated.

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Thorpe, David Stuart. "A process for the management of physical infrastructure." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36067/7/36067_Digitsed_Thesis.pdf.

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Physical infrastructure assets are important components of our society and our economy. They are usually designed to last for many years, are expected to be heavily used during their lifetime, carry considerable load, and are exposed to the natural environment. They are also normally major structures, and therefore present a heavy investment, requiring constant management over their life cycle to ensure that they perform as required by their owners and users. Given a complex and varied infrastructure life cycle, constraints on available resources, and continuing requirements for effectiveness and efficiency, good management of infrastructure is important. While there is often no one best management approach, the choice of options is improved by better identification and analysis of the issues, by the ability to prioritise objectives, and by a scientific approach to the analysis process. The abilities to better understand the effect of inputs in the infrastructure life cycle on results, to minimise uncertainty, and to better evaluate the effect of decisions in a complex environment, are important in allocating scarce resources and making sound decisions. Through the development of an infrastructure management modelling and analysis methodology, this thesis provides a process that assists the infrastructure manager in the analysis, prioritisation and decision making process. This is achieved through the use of practical, relatively simple tools, integrated in a modular flexible framework that aims to provide an understanding of the interactions and issues in the infrastructure management process. The methodology uses a combination of flowcharting and analysis techniques. It first charts the infrastructure management process and its underlying infrastructure life cycle through the time interaction diagram, a graphical flowcharting methodology that is an extension of methodologies for modelling data flows in information systems. This process divides the infrastructure management process over time into self contained modules that are based on a particular set of activities, the information flows between which are defined by the interfaces and relationships between them. The modular approach also permits more detailed analysis, or aggregation, as the case may be. It also forms the basis of ext~nding the infrastructure modelling and analysis process to infrastructure networks, through using individual infrastructure assets and their related projects as the basis of the network analysis process. It is recognised that the infrastructure manager is required to meet, and balance, a number of different objectives, and therefore a number of high level outcome goals for the infrastructure management process have been developed, based on common purpose or measurement scales. These goals form the basis of classifYing the larger set of multiple objectives for analysis purposes. A two stage approach that rationalises then weights objectives, using a paired comparison process, ensures that the objectives required to be met are both kept to the minimum number required and are fairly weighted. Qualitative variables are incorporated into the weighting and scoring process, utility functions being proposed where there is risk, or a trade-off situation applies. Variability is considered important in the infrastructure life cycle, the approach used being based on analytical principles but incorporating randomness in variables where required. The modular design of the process permits alternative processes to be used within particular modules, if this is considered a more appropriate way of analysis, provided boundary conditions and requirements for linkages to other modules, are met. Development and use of the methodology has highlighted a number of infrastructure life cycle issues, including data and information aspects, and consequences of change over the life cycle, as well as variability and the other matters discussed above. It has also highlighted the requirement to use judgment where required, and for organisations that own and manage infrastructure to retain intellectual knowledge regarding that infrastructure. It is considered that the methodology discussed in this thesis, which to the author's knowledge has not been developed elsewhere, may be used for the analysis of alternatives, planning, prioritisation of a number of projects, and identification of the principal issues in the infrastructure life cycle.

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Filho, William Manjud Maluf. "Modelo para gestão do desenvolvimento e produção de pneus fornecidos para industria automobilística." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-02102008-175251/.

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Este trabalho propõe um modelo inédito para a gestão do desenvolvimento de pneus. Adicionalmente apresenta uma extensa revisão bibliográfica sobre os modelos convencionais de desenvolvimento de produto e sobre a qualidade das peças utilizadas na indústria automobilística. As principais características científicas e o desempenho de qualidade desses modelos são examinados. Existe pouca literatura disponível sobre a gestão de desenvolvimento de produto para empresas fornecedoras de pneus. Muito se deve ao fato do tema ser tratado sigilosamente pelas mesmas e por desempenhar papel decisivo na sua competição no mercado automotivo. A análise criteriosa de tais modelos demonstra a urgente necessidade de melhorias e atualizações. O resultado financeiro global de praticamente todas as montadoras é fortemente abalado pelo alto custo: das campanhas de serviço (recall), dos atrasos em lançamentos, dos impedimentos de embarque, dos reparos durante o período de garantia e dos retrabalhos não previstos além da decorrente deterioração da imagem da empresa frente aos consumidores. O impacto da má qualidade de peças na gestão financeira do negócio automotivo é a força motriz da criação e proposta de um novo modelo de gestão. Seu objetivo primário é justamente melhorar a qualidade e a confiabilidade dos pneus fornecidos para indústria automotiva. A eficiência desse modelo inovador, implementado globalmente em 2005 em uma montadora, é então comprovada quando seus resultados (O trabalho não contém nenhum dado ou informação confidencial à empresa) são apresentados e comparados com desempenho histórico.
This scientific investigation introduces an innovative product Research and Development model to tires and presents a literature review on the quality of the parts supplied to the automotive industry. There is few literature available about how to manage product development in the tire manufacturing industry. The main reason is because the subject is addressed with high confidentiality once it plays a decisive roll in the performance and in the success of the business. A deep literature revision is presented about the product development management models used by the automotive parts manufacturers. Their main scientific and qualitative performance are investigated. The critical analysis of the mentioned managing models shows that there is an urgent need of improvements and updates. The global financial result of all Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) is strongly influenced by the high cost of: field actions-recall, launching delays, stop shipments, warranty, unforeseen reworks and the company image damage. The bad quality impact in the financial results of the automotive business is the driving force to the creation and proposal of this new management model. Its primary objective is to increase the quality and reliability of the tires developed and supplied to the OEMs. The efficiency of this new model implemented globally in 2005 within an OEM is shown when its results (This work does not have any OEM confidential or proprietary information) are presented and compared against historical data.

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Romachelli, João Celso. "Processo de desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria de revestimentos cerâmicos: estudo de caso em fabricantes que utilizam o processo de moagem a úmido, de moagem a seco e colorifícios." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3813.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:52:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissJCR.pdf: 3375786 bytes, checksum: 1a57425c9778203f1f18dbdb3bb55719 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-20
The increase of the competitiveness in the markets, demand products with high quality and that they are developed of form the one that the companies present fast cycle of development, high performance, and low cost. Some tools of the production engineering are available of form to optimize and to become more previsible the happened results of the process of development of products. An important aspect in the PDP, is the possible contribution of the supplier, combining itself since the stages initiates, of form to optimize performance ace characteristic, to reduce risks and to optimize the innovative process. The ceramic tiles industry Brazilian particularly can be characterized by producers that use water process and dry process. The industry that uses the dried milling process has grown of significant form from the beginning of years 90, producing currently about 60% of the national production. The ceramic tiles industry historically uses the supplier as collaborating in the development of products. In Brazil more specifically the role played for the suppliers of inputs for ceramic glazes is important. Considering itself that the common suppliers are ace industries that use the dry process and the water process, this work effects an exploratory boarding on the process of development of products in the ceramic tiles industry. Case studies were done in seven companies tiles manufacturers and three glazes suppliers. One concludes that the industry independently of the competitive strategy, must structuralize and co-ordinate better the PDP preventing the extreme dependence of suppliers. And that the established scene privileges more than proportionally, the industry that uses dry process.
O aumento da competitividade nos mercados demanda produtos com alta qualidade e que sejam desenvolvidos de forma a que as empresas apresentem rápido ciclo de desenvolvimento, alta performance e baixo custo. Várias ferramentas da engenharia de produção estão disponíveis de forma a otimizar e a tornar mais previsíveis os resultados advindos do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos. Um aspecto importante no PDP é a possível colaboração do fornecedor, integrando-se desde as etapas inicias, de forma a otimizar as características de desempenho, reduzir riscos e a otimizar o processo inovativo. A indústria de revestimentos cerâmicos, a brasileira, particularmente pode ser caracterizada por produtores que utilizam o processo de moagem a úmido e processo de moagem a seco. A indústria que utiliza o processo de moagem a seco tem crescido de forma significativa a partir do inicio dos anos 90, produzindo atualmente cerca de 60% da produção nacional. A indústria de revestimentos cerâmicos historicamente utiliza o fornecedor como colaborador no desenvolvimento de produtos. No Brasil mais especificamente é importante o papel desempenhado pelos fornecedores de insumos para esmaltes denominados colorifícios. Considerando-se que os fornecedores são comuns ás indústrias que utilizam o processo de moagem a seco e moagem a úmido, este trabalho efetua uma abordagem exploratória sobre o processo de desenvolvimento de produtos na indústria de revestimentos cerâmicos brasileira. Foram realizados estudos de caso em sete empresas fabricantes de revestimentos e três colorificios. Conclui-se que a indústria independentemente da estratégia competitiva, deve estruturar e coordenar melhor o PDP evitando a excessiva dependência de fornecedores. E que o cenário estabelecido privilegia mais que proporcionalmente, a indústria que utiliza o processo de moagem a seco.

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Allen, David W. "Software for Manipulating and Embedding Data Interrogation Algorithms Into Integrated Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35117.

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In this study a software package for easily creating and embedding structural health monitoring (SHM) data interrogation processes in remote hardware is presented. The software described herein is comprised of two pieces. The first is a client to allow graphical construction of data interrogation processes. The second is node software for remote execution of processes on remote sensing and monitoring hardware. The client software is created around a catalog of data interrogation algorithms compiled over several years of research at Los Alamos National Laboratory known as DIAMOND II. This study also includes encapsulating the DIAMOND II algorithms into independent interchangeable functions and expanding the catalog with work in feature extraction and statistical discrimination. The client software also includes methods for interfacing with the node software over an Internet connection. Once connected, the client software can upload a developed process to the integrated sensing and processing node. The node software has the ability to run the processes and return results. This software creates a distributed SHM network without individual nodes relying on each other or a centralized server to monitor a structure. For the demonstration summarized in this study, the client software is used to create data collection, feature extraction, and statistical modeling processes. Data are collected from monitoring hardware connected to the client by a local area network. A structural health monitoring process is created on the client and uploaded to the node software residing on the monitoring hardware. The node software runs the process and monitors a test structure for induced damage, returning the current structural-state indicator in near real time to the client. Current integrated health monitoring systems rely on processes statically loaded onto the monitoring node before the node is deployed in the field. The primary new contribution of this study is a software paradigm that allows processes to be created remotely and uploaded to the node in a dynamic fashion over the life of the monitoring node without taking the node out of service.
Master of Science

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35

Robin, Frédérique. "Modeling and analysis of cell population dynamics : application to the early development of ovarian follicles." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS344.

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Cette thèse vise à concevoir et analyser des modèles de dynamique des populations dédiés à la dynamique des cellules somatiques durant les premiers stades de la croissance du follicule ovarien. Les comportements des modèles sont analysés par des approches théoriques et numériques, et les valeurs des paramètres sont calibrées en proposant des stratégies de maximum de vraisemblance adaptées à notre jeu de données spécifique. Un modèle stochastique non linéaire, qui tient compte de la dynamique conjointe entre deux types cellulaires (précurseur et prolifératif), est dédié à l'activation de la croissance folliculaire. Une approche rigoureuse de projection par états finis est mise en œuvre pour caractériser l'état du système à l'extinction et calculer le temps d'extinction des cellules précurseurs. Un modèle linéaire multi-type structuré en âge, appliquée à la population de cellules prolifératives, est dédié à la croissance folliculaire précoce. Les différents types correspondent ici aux positions spatiales des cellules. Ce modèle est de type décomposable ; les transitions sont unidirectionnelles du premier vers le dernier type. Nous prouvons la convergence en temps long du modèle stochastique de Bellman-Harris et de l'équation de McKendrick-VonFoerster multi-types. Nous adaptons les résultats existants dans le cas où le théorème de Perron-Frobenius ne s'applique pas, et nous obtenons des formules analytiques explicites pour les moments asymptotiques des nombres de cellules et de la distribution stationnaire en âge. Nous étudions également le caractère bien posé du problème inverse associé au modèle déterministe
This thesis aims to design and analyze population dynamics models dedicated to the dynamics of somatic cells during the early stages of ovarian follicle growth. The model behaviors are analyzed through theoretical and numerical approaches, and the calibration of parameters is performed by proposing maximum likelihood strategies adapted to our specific dataset. A non-linear stochastic model, that accounts for the joint dynamics of two cell types (precursors and proliferative), is dedicated to the activation of follicular growth. In particular, we compute the extinction time of precursor cells. A rigorous finite state projection approach is implemented to characterize the system state at extinction. A linear multitype age-structured model for the proliferative cell population is dedicated to the early follicle growth. The different types correspond here to the spatial cell positions. This model is of decomposable kind; the transitions are unidirectional from the first to the last spatial type. We prove the long-term convergence for both the stochastic Bellman-Harris model and the multi-type McKendrick-VonFoerster equation. We adapt existing results in a context where the Perron-Frobenius theorem does not apply, and obtain explicit analytical formulas for the asymptotic moments of cell numbers and stable age distribution. We also study the well-posedness of the inverse problem associated with the deterministic model

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36

Díez, Rodríguez José J. "Addressing strategic environmental assessment in Mexico's transition towards renewable energy : geospatial approach of collective intelligence as prospective support in the planning process." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/442964.

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The transition towards an environmentally sustainable society involves a substantial transformation of the configuration of the energy system, and therefore, it entails a significant shift in planning process strategy. Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), an instrument which is strategic in nature, is recognised internationally as a systematic decision support process, aiming to ensure that environmental and possibly other sustainability aspects are considered effectively in Policy, Plan and Programme (PPP) making, i.e., in those planning tools that precede the project in the decision-making process and surpass it in terms of spatial and thematic scope and level of abstraction. From this perspective, and taking into consideration the current state of environmental assessment in Mexico as a basis of knowledge and understanding, this research proposes an innovative Strategic Environmental Assessment methodological framework applied to renewable energy, while looking upon the current transition process as a matter of interest, as well as the strategies and public policies proposed by governmental bodies. All this aimed at creating mechanisms that allow the effective execution of policies in the field of green energies. It can be assumed that this doctoral dissertation supports the need for further experimentation on SEA, developing an alternative approach that integrates knowledge and tools of Collective Intelligence, Complexity Theory and Geoprospective, via the implementation of a technological Group-Spatial Decision Support System (GSDSS) usable for decision support and/or scenario building for infrastructure project planning, that operates through interdisciplinary consensus of a multidisciplinary group of experts, without strict dependency on a spatial analysis based on a single cognitive stance, not either retrospective analysis using only existing historical data. Thus, this work addresses a study case on planning of wind energy in Mexico, which has been developed through a collaborative Geoweb application, functioning in a distributed and asynchronous real-time way, so-called Geospatial System of Collective Intelligence (SIGIC).
La transición hacia una sociedad ambientalmente sustentable conlleva una transformación sustancial en la configuración del sistema energético, y por ende ello implica un cambio significativo en la estrategia del proceso de planificación. La Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica (EAE), un instrumento de naturaleza estratégica, es reconocida internacionalmente como un proceso sistemático de apoyo a las decisiones destinado a asegurar que los aspectos ambientales y posiblemente otros aspectos de la sostenibilidad se consideren de manera efectiva en la formulación de Políticas, Planes y Programas (PPP), es decir, en aquellos instrumentos de planificación que preceden al proyecto en el proceso de toma de decisiones y lo superan en nivel de abstracción y en amplitud de los ámbitos espacial y temático a los que afectan. Desde esta perspectiva, y tomando en consideración el estado actual de la evaluación ambiental en México como base de conocimiento y entendimiento, esta investigación propone un enfoque metodológico innovador de Evaluación Ambiental Estratégica en materia de energías renovables, considerando el actual proceso de transición energética como cuestión de interés, así como las estrategias y políticas públicas propuestas por los organismos gubernamentales. Todo ello con el objetivo de crear mecanismos que permitan la ejecución efectiva de políticas en el campo de las energías verdes.Se puede asumir que esta tesis doctoral apoya la necesidad de una mayor experimentación en EAE, desarrollando un enfoque alternativo que integra conocimientos y herramientas de Inteligencia Colectiva, Teoría de la Complejidad y Geoprospectiva, a través de la implementación de un Sistema de Soporte de Apoyo a las Decisiones Espaciales en grupo (SADE), útil para el apoyo a la toma de decisiones y/o la construcción de escenarios para planificación de proyectos de infraestructura, que opera a través de un consenso interdisciplinar de un grupo multidisciplinario de expertos y sin una dependencia estricta de un análisis espacial basado en una única posición cognitiva , y tampoco de un análisis retrospectivo usando solo datos históricos existentes. De este modo, este trabajo aborda un caso de estudio sobre planificación de la energía eólica en México, desarrollado a través de una aplicación Geoweb colaborativa, funcionando de forma distribuida y asincrónica en tiempo real, denominada Sistema Geoespacial de Inteligencia Colectiva (SIGIC).

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37

Hansson, Emelie, and Lena Svensson. "Handläggningstider för fastighetsbildning : Påverkan på landsbygdsutvecklingen." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Samhällsbyggnad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36784.

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Under en längre tid har handläggningstider avseende fastighetsbildning varit en utmaning för lantmäterimyndigheterna. I Förvaltningslagen anges att ärenden skall hanteras så enkelt, snabbt och kostnadseffektivt som möjligt. Med den pågående urbaniseringen har detta dock varit svårt att upprätthålla. Lantmäteriet skall på uppdrag av regeringen prioritera samhällsviktiga ärenden vilket ofta innefattar nybyggnation av bostäder, infrastruktur och anläggningar. Jord- och skogsbruk tillhör ofta den kategori som får stå tillbaka i denna process och därmed ej prioriteras.Examensarbetets syfte är att undersöka hur det statliga och de kommunala lantmäterimyndigheternas ärendehantering påverkar landsbygdsutvecklingen. Studien utfördes med flera metoder för att erhålla information lämplig till att besvara studiens frågeställningar. Genom en litteraturöversikt har ett antal informationskällor behandlats, dessa uppmärksammar handläggningstider för fastighetsbildningsärenden samt landsbygdens roll och utmaningar i samhället. Inom studien genomfördes det två enkätstudier och två intervjustudier. Genom dessa metoder inhämtades uppgifter kring fastighetsägares personliga upplevelser kring hur långa handläggningstider påverkat dem. Även erhölls information och yrkesmässiga erfarenheter från en lantbruksmäklare, en skoglig affärsrådgivare samt flertalet förrättningslantmätare.Resultatet visar att en stor del av fastighetsägarna anser sig bli negativt påverkade. Även de yrkesverksamma stödjer att denna påverkan kan uppstå vid långa handläggningstider. Därmed visar studiens slutsats att det problem som främst kan uppstå för ägare sker genom försvårade fastighetsaffärer somdessutom kan vara en faktor som bidrar till påverkan på landsbygdsutvecklingen genom att den hämmas.
During a long time period, processing times considering property formation have been a challenge for the cadastral authorities. It is specified in the Administrative Procedure Act that an errand shall be handled as simply, quickly and cost-effectively as possible. Due to the ongoing urbanisation this has been difficult to maintain. The Swedish mapping, cadastral and land registration authority has an assignment from the government to prioritize errands that are important to the society which often includes newbuildt households, infrastructure and facilities. Agricultural and forestry property units belong to the category which often has to stand back in this process and therefore do not get prioritized. The aim of the thesis is to examine how the state cadastral authorities and the municipal cadastral authorities management of errands affects rural development. The thesis was performed through several methods to receive appropriate data information to answer the thesis research focuses. Through a literature review, public documents have been processed containing information about processing times for property formation errands and rural areas' role and challenges in society. The thesis also used two surveys and two interviews. These methods received data from property owners with their own experiences of processing times. Also information and work related experiences was received from a rural real estate agent, forestry businessman and from several cadastral surveyors.The result showed that a lot of property owners get negatively affected. Also the professionals agree that there is an effect due to long processing times. Therefore the thesis conclusion shows that the problems that can occur mainly indicates that property sales get more difficult which also can have a negative effect on rural development.

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Karmakar, Shyamal [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Sauter, Iulia [Gutachter] Ghergut, and Gunter [Gutachter] Buntebarth. "Single-well tracer push-pull method development for subsurface process characterization : Early-time tracer injection-flowback test for stimulated fracture characterization, numerical simulation uses and efficiency for flow and solute transport / Shyamal Karmakar ; Gutachter: Martin Sauter, Iulia Ghergut, Gunter Buntebarth ; Betreuer: Martin Sauter." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1121302815/34.

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Lind, Amelia. "3D-simulering : Möjligheten med ett förändrat arbetssätt vid implementering av CLO3D." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-26567.

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Denna studie undersöker den möjliga förändring som kommer ske när 3D-simulering som arbetssätt får ta en allt större plats i en textil produktframtagningsprocess. Detta genom att besvara om det finns en marknad och ett intresse för ett förändrat arbetssätt. Undersöka vilka för- och nackdelar ett arbetssätt av implementerad 3D har. Samt utforska hur branschens yrkesroller kommer påverkas av detta. Situationen av COVID-19 har påvisat hur sårbar en produktframtagningsprocess på andra sidan jorden är i en global kris och därmed har intresset för ett arbetssätt av 3D ökat. Studien bedrivs med en abduktiv metod av kvalitativa undersökningar i form av fokusgrupp och intervjutillfälle. Rapportens resultat påvisar att marknaden är öppen och angelägen för ett nytt arbetssätt i form av 3D-baserad produktutveckling. COVID-19 har varit en bromskloss för många företag inom textilbranschen vilket har lett till ett ökat intresse och öppenheten för implementeringen av 3D. Efterfrågan och intresset av 3D-kompetens ses även på de utbildningar i programvaran CLO3D som redan från första terminsstart drevs med överfulla klasser. Implementerad 3D ses som det nya och framtida sätt att uppnå en mer effektiv och lättlöpande arbetsprocess.
This study examines the possible change that will take place when 3D-simulation will take a major place in a textile product development process. This by answering whether there is a market for a changed way of working. Investigate the advantages and disadvantages of an implemented 3D approach. And explore how the industry's professional roles will be affected by it. COVID-19 has shown how vulnerable a product development process on the other side of the world becomes in a global crisis and because of that the interest of 3D has increased. The study is conducted with an abductive method of qualitative research methods in the form of a focus group and an interview. The report's results show that the market is open for a new way of working in the form of implement 3D. The prevailing pandemic has led to a more open sight for implementing 3D. The demand and interest in 3D-competence has also been seen in the course of CLO3D software that from the first semester start with overfull classes. Implemented 3D is seen as the new way to achieve a more efficient and flexible work process.

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Fageehi, Yahya. "SIMULATION-BASED OPTIMIZATION FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS WITH SUPPLY AND DEMAND UNCERTAINTY." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1531147903589262.

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Hardie, Beth Nicole. "Why monitoring doesn't always matter : the situational role of parental monitoring in adolescent crime." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269284.

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Parental monitoring of settings is not always relevant for the prevention of adolescent crime because adolescents with strong personal moral rules and the ability to exercise self control are unlikely to offend even when they are unsupervised and know that their parents have little knowledge about their activities. Parental monitoring, commonly operationalised as parental supervision or parental knowledge, is often shown to have a negative relationship with crime involvement. However, research often ignores both the mechanism by which these relationships occur and the conditions under which they might (and might not) be found. This thesis uses specialist Space-Time Budget data (from the Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Development Study) to allow the comparison of adolescent crime rates in settings characterised by the of convergence of i) the physical presence or absence of parents and other guardians, ii) the psychological presence or absence of parents (represented by adolescent-perceived generalised parental knowledge of the circumstances of unsupervised activity) and iii) personal crime propensity (moral rules and ability to exercise self control). The conclusion derived from the results is that the physical presence of parents and other guardians in settings reduces the rate of adolescent crime committed in those settings; and the psychological presence of parents reduces the criminogenic impact of unsupervised time. Crucially however, these effects of parental monitoring are almost irrelevant for adolescents with a lower personal crime propensity, who are not likely to offend in settings irrespective of the physical or psychological absence of parents and other guardians. These findings provide support for person-environment interactions inherent in the causal model of Situational Action Theory, and provide a novel addition to evidence that could be used in future to inform policy-relevant recommendations concerning parenting behaviour and adolescent offending. Although this thesis provides new evidence about the relationship between parental monitoring and crime, the bulk of its contribution is relevant to a much wider audience. It contributes to the debate on approaches to the study of crime and crime prevention, adds clarity to key concepts and develops theoretical arguments in the field of parental monitoring and crime, develops a novel application of Situational Action Theory, extends theoretical and methodological discussions surrounding situational analysis, applies novel data and analytical methods to the study of the psychological and physical presence of guardians, generates and situates unique findings about the situational role of aspects of parental monitoring and crime, and makes some policy recommendations and suggestions about the nature and direction of future research.

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Oliva, Freitas Santos Marina. "Rôle de l'auxine et de sa signalisation dans la dynamique et la robustesse des patrons développementaux dans le méristème apical caulinaire." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENSL0879.

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Les végétaux, contrairement aux animaux, génèrent la plupart de leurs organes et tissus au cours de leur développement post-embryonnaire et ce, grâce à des tissus contenant de petits amas de cellules souches appelés méristèmes. Le méristème apical caulinaire (MAC), situé à l’extrémité de la tige, génère toute la partie aérienne de la plante. A sa périphérie, les organes latéraux (fleurs ou feuilles) sont générés selon un patron spatio-temporel précis appelé phyllotaxie. De nombreuses données accumulées ces 20 dernières années ont démontré qu’une hormone végétale, l’auxine, joue un rôle prépondérant dans le contrôle du devenir des cellules dans le MAC. Un ensemble de données expérimentales couplées à des modèles mathématiques suggère que l’auxine s’accumule successivement dans les sites d’organogenèse grâce à l’auto-organisation de ses transporteurs membranaires et instruit les cellules à se différencier en organes.Fautes d’outils appropriés, il était impossible jusqu’alors de visualiser l’auxine in vivo et d’étudier sa dynamique temporelle. Nous avons généré un nouveau senseur de la signalisation de l’auxine, appelé DII-Venus, qui permet de visualiser de manière indirecte mais spécifique les niveaux relatifs d’auxine in planta avec une excellente résolution spatio-temporelle. Cet outil a permis de mettre en évidence pour la première fois des oscillations circadiennes d’auxine au niveau du MAC. Une analyse complète de la structure de la voie de réponse transcriptionelle à l’auxine, couplée à des approches de modélisation, a permis de mettre en évidence des propriétés « tampon » de la voie transcriptionnelle qui la rendent relativement insensible aux fluctuations d’auxine, et contribuent à la robustesse du programme organogénétique. En revanche, la voie non-transriptionnelle de réponse à l’auxine, sensible à ces oscillations, génère des rythmicités de croissance au niveau du MAC qui contribuent à déterminer la temporalité de l’émergence de nouveaux organes. Ces résultats démontrent ainsi pour la première fois que la rythmicité de l’émergence de nouveaux organes au niveau du MAC n’est pas uniquement une conséquence des capacités d’auto-organisation du tissu mais est aussi contrôlée, au moins partiellement, par une horloge biologique
Plants, contrarily to animals, are able to generate new organs and tissues throughout their lives thanks to the activity of specialized tissues containing stem cells called meristems. The shoot apical meristem (SAM), located at the shoot tip, generates all the aerial parts of the plant that arise after germination. At its periphery, organ production occurs following precise spatio-temporal patterns also known as phyllotaxis. During the past twenty years, the phytohormone auxin has been demonstrated to play a major role in this process. Indeed, both experimental and theoretical studies strongly suggest that auxin accumulates successively in sites of organogenesis thanks to its efflux carriers, and instructs cells to differentiate into organs.However, so far, very little is known about the actual temporal dynamics of auxin in tissues, because of the lack of appropriate tool to visualize auxin in vivo. We developed a new auxin signaling sensor, called DII-VENUS, that allows for monitoring auxin levels in planta with a good spatio-temporal resolution. Using this new tool, we were able to demonstrate that for the first time that the SAM is subjected to circadian oscillations of auxin levels. Our data suggest that these oscillations are not perceived by the auxin transcriptional pathway, which is predicted, according to our mathematical models, to exhibit buffering properties. However, they are perceived by the non-transcriptional putative receptor ABP1 and translated into rhythmic growth patterns at the SAM. These growth oscillations seem to regulate organ initiation in the meristem thus demonstrating for the first time the rhythmic emergence of organs at the SAM does not only result from the self-organizing properties of the tissue but is also controlled, at least partially, by a biological clock

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Fox, David, and Nils-Robin Töyrä. "Optimering av ljuddiffuser – Monteringsvänlighet och kostnadsreducering." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232691.

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Målet med detta projekt har varit att utveckla en monteringsvänlig och kostnadseffektiv ljuddiffuser, en komponent som inte ska påverka ljudnivån och luftflödet för mycket, tillskillnad från den befintliga lösning som idag används i 3nine AB:s oljedimavskiljare. Examensarbetet följer den produktutvecklingsprocess som redogörs i boken Produktutveckling – Konstruktion och design av Karl T. Ulrich och Steven D. Eppinger. Där arbetet har anpassats för tidsramen på 10 veckor och delats upp i fyra faser. Fas1 – Förstudie, Fas 2 – faktainsamling, Fas 3 – Genomförande och Fas 4 – Rapportering. Den lösning som används idag består av fem vikta bitar sträckmetall som har sytts ihop med ståltråd, ljuddiffusern tar lång tid att montera ihop och att montera ned i maskinen. De fem vikta bitarna sträckmetall har vassa kanter efter klippning som försvårar monteringen ytterligare. En ljuddiffuser har en kostnad på 100 kr/st att framställa. För denna lösning togs mätvärden i 3nine AB:s verkstad fram som agerar som referensmätvärden, monteringstid – 333 [s], ljudnivå – 68 [dB], luftflöde – 319 [m ³/h] och DFA – index (mätvärde för monteringsvänlighet) – 5,4 %. Där 100 % ses som optimal monteringsvänlighet och högre DFA-index leder till reducerade kostnader. Då luft strömmar genom maskinen så påverkar detta mätvärdena och möjlig design av ny prototyper, men strömningslära är kunskaper som vi saknar och detta analyser med avseende på detta avgränsades bort. Genom Idéutvecklingsprocesser som Brainstorming, 6-3-5 Brainwritning, Morfologiskmatris, Pughmatris, konceptskisser, Virtuella koncept (3D-CAD) och friformsframställning (3D-utskrivning av prototyp) så togs fem prototyper fram som sedan testades för monteringstid, ljudnivå, luftflöde och DFA-index. Dessa tester resulterade i att det var en prototyp som utmärkte sig med förbättrade resultat jämfört med referensmätvärdena av befintliga ljuddiffusern. Mätvärden för prototypen ”45° väggen”, monteringstid – 16 [s], ljudnivå – 65 [dB], luftflöde – 342 [m ³/h] och DFA – index (mätvärde för monteringsvänlighet) – 93 %. Risk – och FEM-analys genomfördes på prototypen för att identifiera svagheter i konstruktionen, lösningar på dessa rekommenderas i form av små förändringar som t.ex. rundningar vid hörn. Dessa mätvärden redogör att den framtagna lösningen är bättre än dagens lösning och rekommenderas att implementeras och vidareutvecklas av företaget
The aim of this project has been to improve the existing noise diffuser used currently today in the oil-separatingmachines developed by 3nine AB. By reducing noise levels, increasing the air flow, increasing the “ease of assembly” and making it more cost effective. The thesis follows the product development process described in the book “Product Development - Construction and Design” by Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger. The work was adapted for a 10-week timeframe and divided into four phases. Phase 1 - Pre-Study, Phase 2 – Information gathering, Phase 3 - Implementation and Phase 4 - Reporting. The solution used today consists of five folded pieces of stretch metal that have been sewn together with steel wire, the noise diffuser takes a long time to assemble and to fit into the machine. The five folded pieces of stretch metal have sharp edges after cutting, which further complicates the assembly. The production cost for each diffuser is 100 kronor. For the present solution, the measurement values taken at 3nine AB's workshop were set as reference values, assembly time - 333 [s], noise level - 68 [dB], airflow - 319 [m³ / h] and DFA-index (measurement value for ease of assembly) - 5.4%. DFA-index when 100% is seen as the optimal ease of assembly and a higher DFA-index leads to reduced costs. As air flows through the machine, this affects the measured values and possible design of new prototypes, but fluid mechanics is one knowledge we lacked and therefor analysis of this was not possible and delimited. Through Idea Development Processes such as Brainstorming, 6-3-5 Brainwriting, Morphological Matrix, Pugh matrix, Concept Sketches, Virtual Concepts (3D-CAD) and Rapid prototyping (3D-prototype printing), five prototypes were produced, then tested for assembly time, noise level, airflow and DFA -index. These tests resulted in a prototype that featured improved results compared to the reference values of the existing noise diffuser. Measurement values for prototype "45° wall" where assembly time - 16 [s], noise level - 65 [dB], airflow - 342 [m³ / h] and DFA index - 93%. Risk-analysis and FEA was carried out on the same prototype to identify weaknesses in the design. The solutions to these weaknesses are recommended in the form of small design changes such as rounded sharp corners. These measured values state that the solution developed is better than today's solution and is recommended to be implemented and further developed by the company.

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Fenollosa, Artés Felip. "Contribució a l'estudi de la impressió 3D per a la fabricació de models per facilitar l'assaig d'operacions quirúrgiques de tumors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667421.

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La present tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en el repte d’aconseguir, mitjançant Fabricació Additiva (FA), models per a assaig quirúrgic, sota la premissa que els equips per fer-los haurien de ser accessibles a l’àmbit hospitalari. L’objectiu és facilitar l’extensió de l’ús dels prototips com a eina de preparació d’operacions quirúrgiques, transformant la pràctica mèdica actual de la mateixa manera que en el seu moment ho van fer tecnologies com les que van facilitar l’ús de radiografies. El motiu d’utilitzar FA, en lloc de tecnologies més tradicionals, és la seva capacitat de materialitzar de forma directa les dades digitals obtingudes de l’anatomia del pacient mitjançant sistemes d’escanejat tridimensional, fent possible l’obtenció de models personalitzats. Els resultats es centren en la generació de nou coneixement sobre com aconseguir equipaments d’impressió 3D multimaterials accessibles que permetin l’obtenció de models mimètics respecte als teixits vius. Per facilitar aquesta buscada extensió de la tecnologia, s’ha focalitzat en les tecnologies de codi obert com la Fabricació per Filament Fos (FFF) i similars basades en líquids catalitzables. La recerca s’alinea dins l’activitat de desenvolupament de la FA al CIM UPC, i en aquest àmbit concret amb la col·laboració amb l’Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloc de la tesi inclou la descripció de l’estat de l’art, detallant les tecnologies existents i la seva aplicació a l’entorn mèdic. S’han establert per primer cop unes bases de caracterització dels teixits vius -sobretot tous- per donar suport a la selecció de materials que els puguin mimetitzar en un procés de FA, a efectes de millorar l’experiència d’assaig dels cirurgians. El caràcter rígid dels materials majoritàriament usats en impressió 3D els fa poc útils per simular tumors i altres referències anatòmiques. De forma successiva, es tracten paràmetres com la densitat, la viscoelasticitat, la caracterització dels materials tous a la indústria, l’estudi del mòdul elàstic de teixits tous i vasos, la duresa d’aquests, i requeriments com l’esterilització dels models. El segon bloc comença explorant la impressió 3D mitjançant FFF. Es classifiquen les variants del procés des del punt de vista de la multimaterialitat, essencial per fer models d’assaig quirúrgic, diferenciant entre solucions multibroquet i de barreja al capçal. S’ha inclòs l’estudi de materials (filaments i líquids) que serien més útils per mimetitzar teixits tous. Es constata com en els líquids, en comparació amb els filaments, la complexitat del treball en processos de FA és més elevada, i es determinen formes d’imprimir materials molt tous. Per acabar, s’exposen sis casos reals de col·laboració amb l’HJSD, una selecció d’aquells en els que el doctorand ha intervingut en els darrers anys. L’origen es troba en la dificultat de l’abordatge d’operacions de resecció de tumors infantils com el neuroblastoma, i a la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalment, el Bloc 3 té per objecte explorar nombrosos conceptes (fins a 8), activitat completada al llarg dels darrers cinc anys amb el suport dels mitjans del CIM UPC i de l’activitat associada a treballs finals d’estudis d’estudiants de la UPC, arribant-se a materialitzar equipaments experimentals per validar-los. La recerca ampla i sistemàtica al respecte fa que s’estigui més a prop de disposar d’una solució d’impressió 3D multimaterial de sobretaula. Es determina que la millor via de progrés és la de disposar d’una pluralitat de capçals independents a fi de capacitar la impressora 3D per integrar diversos conceptes estudiats, materialitzant-se una possible solució. Cloent la tesi, es planteja com seria un equipament d’impressió 3D per a models d’assaig quirúrgic, a fi de servir de base per a futurs desenvolupaments.
La presente tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el reto de conseguir, mediante Fabricación Aditiva (FA), modelos para ensayo quirúrgico, bajo la premisa que los equipos para obtenerlos tendrían que ser accesibles al ámbito hospitalario. El objetivo es facilitar la extensión del uso de modelos como herramienta de preparación de operaciones quirúrgicas, transformando la práctica médica actual de la misma manera que, en su momento, lo hicieron tecnologías como las que facilitaron el uso de radiografías. El motivo de utilizar FA, en lugar de tecnologías más tradicionales, es su capacidad de materializar de forma directa los datos digitales obtenidos de la anatomía del paciente mediante sistemas de escaneado tridimensional, haciendo posible la obtención de modelos personalizados. Los resultados se centran en la generación de nuevo conocimiento para conseguir equipamientos de impresión 3D multimateriales accesibles que permitan la obtención de modelos miméticos respecto a los tejidos vivos. Para facilitar la buscada extensión de la tecnología, se ha focalizado en las tecnologías de código abierto como la Fabricación por Hilo Fundido (FFF) y similares basadas en líquidos catalizables. Esta investigación se alinea dentro de la actividad de desarrollo de la FA en el CIM UPC, y en este ámbito concreto con la colaboración con el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloque de la tesis incluye la descripción del estado del arte, detallando las tecnologías existentes y su aplicación al entorno médico. Se han establecido por primera vez unas bases de caracterización de los tejidos vivos – principalmente blandos – para dar apoyo a la selección de materiales que los puedan mimetizar en un proceso de FA, a efectos de mejorar la experiencia de ensayo de los cirujanos. El carácter rígido de los materiales mayoritariamente usados en impresión 3D los hace poco útiles para simular tumores y otras referencias anatómicas. De forma sucesiva, se tratan parámetros como la densidad, la viscoelasticidad, la caracterización de materiales blandos en la industria, el estudio del módulo elástico de tejidos blandos y vasos, la dureza de los mismos, y requerimientos como la esterilización de los modelos. El segundo bloque empieza explorando la impresión 3D mediante FFF. Se clasifican las variantes del proceso desde el punto de vista de la multimaterialidad, esencial para hacer modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, diferenciando entre soluciones multiboquilla y de mezcla en el cabezal. Se ha incluido el estudio de materiales (filamentos y líquidos) que serían más útiles para mimetizar tejidos blandos. Se constata como en los líquidos, en comparación con los filamentos, la complejidad del trabajo en procesos de FA es más elevada, y se determinan formas de imprimir materiales muy blandos. Para acabar, se exponen seis casos reales de colaboración con el HJSD, una selección de aquellos en los que el doctorando ha intervenido en los últimos años. El origen se encuentra en la dificultad del abordaje de operaciones de resección de tumores infantiles como el neuroblastoma, y en la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalmente, el Bloque 3 desarrolla numerosos conceptos (hasta 8), actividad completada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años con el apoyo de los medios del CIM UPC y de la actividad asociada a trabajos finales de estudios de estudiantes de la UPC, llegándose a materializar equipamientos experimentales para validarlos. La investigación amplia y sistemática al respecto hace que se esté más cerca de disponer de una solución de impresión 3D multimaterial de sobremesa. Se determina que la mejor vía de progreso es la de disponer de una pluralidad de cabezales independientes, a fin de capacitar la impresora 3D para integrar diversos conceptos estudiados, materializándose una posible solución. Para cerrar la tesis, se plantea cómo sería un equipamiento de impresión 3D para modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, a fin de servir de base para futuros desarrollos.

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Lee, Hwai-An, and 李懷安. "Process Research and Development of Scrap Tire Liquefaction with Product Oils Recovered." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59285756666192864268.

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碩士
國立成功大學
環境工程研究所
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Tires generally containing metal wires, fibers, and poor therma l conducting rubbers, is far more difficult to be treated effecti vely. The recycling of the rubber wastes is of increasing importa nce as incineration and landfilling becomes more expensive and th e acceptance of these methods is decreasing. The major objective of this work eas to develop the scrap tire liquefaction process w ith valuable oil products recovered. The liquefaction process inv olves contacting the scrap tire with hot motor oil. Experimental results indicate that tire liquefaction products contain approxim ental 90% of oils, and 105 of noncondensabl e gases and nonliquef ible solid residues . Fuel characteristics of the liquefaction pr oduct oils were evaluated by standard oil analysis procedures and spectroscopic methods. The cuts of the condensate from the tire l iquefaction into weighted boiling fraction are distinguished: hea vy naphtha (28.4%), light gas oil (37.5%). Naphtha and light gas oil are the main constituent of gasoline and diesel, respectively . Heavy gas oil could be re-refined into lighter products or sold as a low grade fuel oil. Liquefaction of the scrap tires was also demonstrated in a 4"x7 0" bench-scale inclined screw reactor cons isting of two thermal treatment zones: liquefaction and pyrolysis . The oily solid residues generated from the tire liquefaction st ep were transported into the pyrolysis zone by the screw. Clean m etal wires and fibers, and dry carbon black were recovered. To pr ovide data for further applications, the engineering design basis for the scrap tire liquefaction pilot plant (24 TPD) was conducte d and completed.

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46

Cêra, Miguel Morais Gomes. "Own brand product development: optimization of the development process." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/6006.

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The main purpose of this study was to optimize the process of developing and launching new own brand products in the Perishable Commercial Department from a large retail company in Portugal. Specifically, study the process currently in use and identify its weakest points, in order to make it faster and more efficient. Data selection was carried out and a methodology for its analysis was established, in order to achieve the company’s goals and concerns, namely, the importance of launching the best products as quickly as possible to the market.
O grande objectivo deste projecto consistiu em optimizar o processo de desenvolvimento e lançamento de novos produtos de marca própria na Direcção Comercial de Perecíveis de uma grande empresa de retalho em Portugal. Mais concretamente, estudar o processo actualmente em prática e identificar os seus pontos fracos, de forma a torná-lo mais rápido e eficiente. Foi necessário proceder a uma selecção dos dados a utilizar, estabelecer uma metodologia de análise e ir ao encontro dos interesses e preocupações da empresa, nomeadamente a importância de lançar os melhores produtos da forma mais rápida possível para o mercado.

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47

Dennis, Diane Joyce. "The development of boys' aggressive behaviour: a Process-Person-Context-Time model." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/862.

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Bronfenbrenners Process-Person-Context-Time model was used to examine the relationships among the process of negative parenting, the person characteristics of child temperament and early aggressive behaviour and the contexts of family income (in)adequacy and maternal depression from infancy to school entry and their effects on the outcome of aggressive behaviour in boys at school entry. The sample included 361 boys in two-parent families who participated in the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). Structural equation modeling was used with a repeated measures longitudinal design. The model explained 43% of the variance in boys aggressive behaviour at school age. The results indicated that, by preschool age, boys and mothers behaviours are well established, and that process, person, and context variables all influence the persistence of boys aggressive behaviour. The strength of the effects of these variables increased with their proximity to the developing child and decreased over time. By school age, concurrent effects were not significant. The addition of the contextual variables resulted in ill-fitting models. Modification indices suggested the ill fit was localized in modeling the persistence of maternal depression, and not in the relationship between maternal depression and the other variables in the model. Modification indices also suggested there may be reciprocal effects between boys aggressive behaviour and both negative parenting and maternal depression, but this was not tested. Future research using a cross-lagged panel design could clarify these relationships. This study contributes to a growing body of research on the development of aggressive behaviour in children and underscores the importance of examining the contribution of the multiple levels of process, person, context, and time to the development of aggressive behaviour. Findings of this study provide evidence that the effects of proximal processes and proximal contexts on the development of boys aggressive behaviour are strongest in infancy and toddlerhood, and their consequences extend through to school entry. Initiating prevention and intervention efforts in early childhood that provide parents-to-be and parents of young children with practical direction in ways to engage in positive and responsive interactions with their children would do more to reduce the development of aggressive behaviour in children than would later interventions aimed at changing entrenched behaviours in both parents and children.

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48

Amorim, Bernardo Nuno Guerra. "Exploration of recycled tires for development of new products." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/25802.

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It is estimated that, in industrialized societies, over 9 to 10 Kg of tires per habitant are annually discarded and pilled in huge deposits with serious environmental problems associated. It is of maximum importance recycling used tires and developing new applications and new products of recycled tires. In this work, recycled tire granulates, produced by RECIPNEU, are incorporated in polylactic acid (PLA) to prepare polymeric composite formulations to be extruded into a filament for sustainable additive manufacturing of an acoustic panel. The preparation of the formulations involved a first theoretical/modelling study based on the mechanical properties and density to “guide” the establishment of the amount of recycled tire granulates to be included. Then, some formulations containing rubber percentages from 10 to 60 wt.% were prepared using a Brabender mixer. Then, upon extrusion of the filaments with the different formulations, it was verified that the composite mixture containing 20 wt.% of rubber was the one presenting a higher degree of homogeneity despite its brittleness. A plasticizer, namely glycerol, was added to improve the filament flexibility and allow its rolling. A printable filament was obtained, and small prototypes of acoustic type panels were printed. Acoustic properties were determined in the laboratory of Professor Doctor Luís Godinho, director of the Department of Civil Engineering of the University of Coimbra, using the Wave Impedance Tube method, and were compared with similar shaped printed pure PLA. Resuming, recycling tires waste were successfully incorporated in PLA and the polymeric composites could be extruded in filament form that can be used as a sustainable material for additive manufacturing. The acoustic performance of the printed panels, tested by Wave Impedance Tube method, revealed an inferior performance when compared with standard mineral wool sample, being necessary to perform more studies in this field
Estima-se que, em sociedades industrializadas, cerca de 9 a 10 Kg de pneus por habitante são, anualmente, descartados e despejados em enormes depósitos que acarretam sérios problemas ambientais. É de extrema importância reciclar pneus usados e desenvolver novas aplicações e novos produtos tendo por base os pneus reciclados. É precisamente este o enquadramento em que se realiza este trabalho de mestrado. Neste trabalho, granulados de pneus reciclados, produzidos pela RECIPNEU, são incorporados em ácido poliláctico (PLA) de forma a preparar formulações de compósitos poliméricos para serem extrudidos em forma de filamento e serem, posteriormente, testados como material sustentável para manufatura aditiva de um painel acústico. A preparação das formulações envolveu um estudo teórico prévio, baseado nas propriedades mecânicas e densidade, para definir a quantidade de granulados de pneus reciclados a ser incorporada. De seguida, formulações contendo 10 a 60 %, em peso, de granulados de borracha foram preparadas usando uma misturadora Brabender. Após extrusão dos filamentos com as diferentes formulações, verificou-se que o compósito contendo 20 %, em peso, de granulado de borracha foi o que apresentou a melhor homogeneidade, apesar da sua fragilidade. Adicionou-se um plasticizante, glicerol, de modo a melhorar a flexibilidade do filamento e permitir o seu enrolamento. As condições de extrusão foram otimizadas de modo a obter um filamento capaz de ser impresso, sendo este testado através da impressão de um pequeno protótipo de um painel acústico. As propriedades acústicas foram determinadas pelo Dr. Luís Godinho, Diretor do Departamento de Engenharia Civil da Universidade de Coimbra, através do método do tubo de impedância, e comparadas com uma amostra de PLA puro, de forma idêntica. Resumindo, os granulados de pneus reciclados foram incorporados com sucesso em PLA, sendo possível extrudir os compósitos poliméricos em forma de filamento que pode ser usado como material sustentável para a manufatura aditiva. É possível imprimir painéis customizados, contudo estes não apresentam boas propriedades acústicas, não sendo, na sua forma atual, uma boa solução para soluções acústicas. A percentagem de borracha necessita de ser otimizada, de modo a melhorar a performance acústica
Mestrado em Engenharia de Materiais

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49

Boraey, Ahmed. "Alternate Bars Under Steady State Flows: Time of Development and Geometric Characteristics." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/8678.

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This thesis concerns the development of alternate bars under steady state flows. The movable bed is flat at the beginning of the experiment; the bars reach their equilibrium or developed state at the time Td. The thesis has two objectives. The first is to introduce new equations for the geometric characteristics, namely height and length, of alternate bars at the fully developed stage, and to evaluate them against the existing equations. The second objective is to present the results of two series of experiments carried out to characterize the process of development of alternate bars and obtain estimates of their time of development. The data resulting from these experiments are intended as a foundation for future work towards the establishment of a predictive equation for the development time of alternate bars. The new equations for bar height and length rest on dimensional considerations and all the available data. Bars produced under rough turbulent and transitional flows are treated separately. The proposed equations are found to consistently give more accurate estimates of alternate bar dimensions than existing equations. The experiments to quantify the time of development of alternate bars are carried out in the 21 m long, 0.76 m wide sediment transport flume of the Queen’s Coastal Engineering Laboratory. In addition to providing estimates of the time of development of alternate bars, these experiments reveal aspects of the process of development of alternate bars that had not been reported previously. In particular, they show that, all other conditions being the same (including the sediment transport capacity of the initial flow), the more pronounced alternate bars formed under shallower flows develop faster than less pronounced bars formed under deeper flows. The findings of this study highlight the fact that the previously unexplained wide variation in alternate bar dimensions is related to the plotting position of the data point in the alternate bar existence region of Ahmari and da Silva (2011). This study also sheds light on the evolution and development of alternate bars, which establishes a strong foundation for future studies on the topic.
Thesis (Ph.D, Civil Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2014-03-30 16:27:07.025

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50

Staudhammer, Christina. "Statistical procedures for development of real-time statistical process control (SPC) in lumber manufacturing." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/17233.

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High raw material costs and reduced allowable forest harvest levels have created challenges for the Canadian lumber industry. Sawlogs typically comprise 75% of all the costs in a sawmill and insufficient log availability is a widespread problem. Thus, maximum product value and yield from every log processed is an urgent priority. Effective statistical process control (SPC) procedures can greatly enhance product value and yield, ensuring accuracy and minimum waste. However, present procedures are manual in nature. The time and effort required means that only small data samples are collected at infrequent intervals, seriously limiting quality control effectiveness. Attempts to implement automated SPC with non-contact laser range sensors (LRS) have thus far had only limited success. Such systems have given frequent false alarms, prompting tolerances to be set excessively wide. Thus, real problems are often missed for extended periods. The objective of this research was to establish a system for collecting and processing real-time LRS size control data for automated lumber manufacturing. An SPC system was developed that incorporated multi-sensor data filtering procedures, a model with complex structure, and new control charting procedures. The LRS data were first filtered for measurement errors using techniques from image processing. Non-sawing defects were then removed from the data using a sheet-of-light profiling system and defect recognition algorithm. Defect-free filtered data were modeled in a multi-stage process, which explicitly considered multiple sources of variation and a complex correlative structure. New SPC charts were developed that went beyond traditional size control methods, simultaneously monitoring multiple surfaces and specifically targeting common sawing defects. Nineteen candidate control charts were evaluated. For some sawing defects (e.g., machine positioning errors and wedge), traditional X-bar and range charts are suggested. These charts were explicitly developed to take into account the components of variance in the model. For other sawing defects (e.g., taper, snipe, flare, and snake), control charts are suggested that are non-traditional. The charts that target these defects were based on the decomposition of LRS measurements into trend, waviness, and roughness. Applying these methods will lead to process improvements in sawmills, so that machines producing defective material can be identified, allowing prompt repairs to be made.
Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate

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