Статті в журналах з теми "TIPS-1 (Computer program)"

The aims of research are: (1) to describe the condition and potency of current learning on the basic material text recount, (2) to produce teaching-learning materials Compact Disc (CD) interactive multimedia which is integrated with basic competence in the form of procedural text with manuals and tips and it was conducted at one semester students EFL Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and tests. Analyze data uses descriptive and Gain test. The conclusions of research are; (1) EFL has the potency of using IT, tools and infrastructure of computer, teaching material to support the teaching process, (2) the process produced the product through Lectora program, (3) The teaching and learning process utilizing interactive multimedia teaching material is more effective, shown by N-Gain score 0.71, (4) after using interactive multimedia, the teaching and learning process can save 90 minutes compared to the previous lesson, (5) learning using interactive multimedia interesting, in organizing strategy (87.00%), in terms of delivery (84,97%), and in terms of program management strategies to obtain optimal learning results (85.04%).

The aims of the research are: (1) to describe the condition and potency of current learning on the basic material Simple Past tense, (2) to produce teaching learning materials Compact Disc (CD) interactive multimedia which is integrated with basic competence in the form of procedural text with manuals and tips, (3) to analyze the effectiveness, (4) to find efficiency, and (5) to find attractiveness of the program.The method of the research used research and development and it was conducted at one semester students STKIP KUMALA Data were collected through observation, questionnaires and tests. Analyze data uses descriptive and Gain test. The conclusions of research are; (1) STKIP KUMALA has the potency of using IT, tools and infrastructure of computer, teaching material to support the teaching process, (2) the process produced the product through lector program, (3) The teaching and learning process utilizing interactive multimedia teaching material is more effective, shown by N-Gain score 0.71, (4) after using interactive multimedia, the teaching and learning process can save 90 minutes compared to the previous lesson, (5) learning using interactive multimedia interesting, in organizing strategy (87.00%), in terms of delivery (84,97%), and in terms of program management strategies to obtain optimal learning results (85.04%).

Patterns of water flow around steadily beating comb plates of Pleurobrachia pileus were tracked using suspended plastic beads. The positions of the beads and the comb plates in the plane of the central longitudinal axis of the comb row were digitised from high-speed cine films covering several beat cycles. All of the data from each sequence were combined using a computer program which integrated them into a standard cycle, and the resulting data were plotted by a second computer program to produce charts for different stages in the beat cycle showing the flow velocity at a grid of points. On these charts, contour maps were drawn to indicate the speed and direction of the water flow. Water is drawn towards each comb row from ahead and from the sides and accelerates strongly backwards in a fairly narrow stream which joins those from the other seven comb rows at the rear of the animal. At a beat frequency of 10 Hz the comb plates move with a tip speed of up to 70 mm s-1 in their effective stroke; they have an estimated Reynolds number of 9 in this stroke. Changes in inter- plate volume between adjacent antiplectically coordinated plates are very important in propulsion, particularly near the end of the effective stroke when pairs of adjacent plates close together and cause the high-speed water from around the ciliary tips to be shed into the overlying stream as a series of jets at speeds of 50 mm s-1 or more. The antiplectic coordination of the comb plates makes a major contribution to the efficiency of propulsion.

The fungus Monosporascus cannonballus Pollock and Uecker infects melon (Cucumis melo L.) roots and causes root rot/vine decline disease, which has reduced productivity of commercial muskmelon and honeydew cultivars in South Texas. To assess the impact of the fungus on several root traits, two greenhouse experiments were carried out over two seasons. A comparison of inoculated vs. control root systems was carried out with four melon cultivars representing both susceptible (`Magnum 45' and `Caravelle') and tolerant types (`Deltex' and `Doublon'). The sand medium was inoculated with 50–60 colony forming units (CFUs) per gram of the severe Monosporascus strain, TX90-25. After a 30-day growth period, the control and inoculated root systems were carefully cleaned and evaluated. Roots were scanned by a computer and the data were analyzed by the Rhizo Pro 3.8 program. The traits of interest included total root length, average root diameter, number of root tips, number of fine roots (0–0.5 mm), and number of small roots (0.5–1 mm). Significant differences existed between the two tolerant cultivars and the two susceptible ones for four of the traits. Total root length, fine and small root length, and root tip number were greater for `Deltex' than for both susceptible cultivars and greater for `Doublon' than for `Caravelle'. The results suggest that tolerance to this pathogen is closely linked to the integrity of the root structure. The potential for improving root vigor to combat root rot/vine decline merits further investigation.

Abstract Objectives We aim to describe the research protocols developed for the System to Monitor the International Code for Breast Milk Substitutes NBCAL in Brazil (known as “The Brazilian Code”). Methods We have developed an internet-based program for ongoing monitoring of the Brazilian Code. Eleven institutions from all the 5 Brazilian regions were involved to develop and validate a standardized questionnaire to monitor retail stores and health facilities. This questionnaire was adapted to the system and can be filled in a computer or mobile device. Three users were designed: citizens, governmental agencies, research institutions, with different accesses and data entry. Results Besides the creation of a questionnaire, we have developed standardized indicators to enable in-country comparations regarding the type of Brazilian Code violations, namely: 1. frequency of marketing by product groups and by type of commercial establishment; 2. prevalence of infringement by product group and by type of commercial establishment; 3. prevalence of each commercial promotion strategy by type of establishment; 4. prevalence of infractions of infant formulas and childcare-related products by company. Violation of the Brazilian Code was categorized in the price discounts or offers, special exposure on gondola tips or in highlighted displays and the distribution of promotional gifts or free samples of these items are prohibited. We have found violations of the Brazilian Code in 60,1% of the 1487 retail stores evaluated and 24,2% of the 14 hospitals accessed. Conclusions Understand and evaluate the main marketing strategies and violations of the Brazilian Code” trough the Sis-NBCAL is essential to progress in strengthening compliance with the “Code” and subsequent protection of the breastfeeding, guaranteeing a marketing-free environment to enable mothers and their families to make the best food choices for their children. Funding Sources Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Ministry of Health: “Idéias Inovadoras” grant.

Background Smoking prevalence during and after pregnancy remains high among socioeconomically disadvantaged women. Mobile health (mHealth) apps with game and social support elements seem promising to support smoking cessation. Objective This study aims to describe the user-centered design and usability evaluation of Kindle, an mHealth app with game and social support elements, to support disadvantaged young women during and after pregnancy through the first stages of smoking cessation. Methods Disadvantaged women (n=9), members of their social networks (n=4), and nurses supporting these women (n=51) were informants throughout the iterative prototype development of Kindle according to the International Organization for Standardization 9241-11:2018. Specific phases included understanding the context of use through secondary analysis of qualitative interview data (phase 1), establishing the user and organizational requirements (phase 2), production of design solutions (phase 3), and usability inspection of the prototype through a heuristic evaluation (3 experts) along with user testing by a think aloud method (5 disadvantaged women and 5 nurses; phase 4). Usability problems were categorized according to the principles of the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. Results Phase 1 resulted in an understanding of the VoorZorg program and the needs of VoorZorg nurses and clients (eg, focus on early stages of change and building new supportive networks to aid clients in smoking cessation). In phase 2, we established requirements (n=22; eg, mHealth app, secure communication between nurses and clients, easy-to-use interfaces, inclusion of game elements, and tailoring at early stages of change in smoking cessation). Phase 3 resulted in a prototype of Kindle, combining the interface for nurses and clients, including the following functionalities: personal goal setting with earning points; secured chat function between nurses and other clients; and tips, diary, and profile creation. The heuristic evaluation and thinking aloud method in phase 4 revealed 78 usability problems in the interfaces. Most usability problems concerned simplicity (eg, unclear clickable button) and naturalness (eg, unclear icon). Conclusions The user-centered design and usability testing of the mHealth app Kindle yielded useful insights. The involvement of end users, specifically socioeconomically disadvantaged women during and after their pregnancy, resulted in a prototype that met their needs and requirements (eg, mHealth app, secure communication between nurses and clients, easy-to-use interfaces, inclusion of game elements, and tailoring to the early stages of change in smoking cessation) to achieve readiness for smoking cessation. Moreover, the usability evaluation by end users and experts revealed unique usability problems for this population. These insights allow for further optimization of Kindle and encourage future studies to engage disadvantaged populations in all phases of mHealth intervention design and usability testing.

La Licenciatura en Sistemas Computacionales (LSC) de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, es un programa académico de calidad acreditado por el Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación A. C. (CONAIC) en el año de 2016. La acreditación es un proceso que evalúa diversos criterios e indicadores de un programa académico. Esto sugiere que, como consecuencia de la evaluación, emerjan observaciones que deben resolverse a fin de elevar y / o mantener la calidad del programa. En el presente trabajo, se exponen en particular 2 observaciones que CONAIC hizo a la LSC en el criterio de infraestructura, que sugieren mayor eficiencia en 1) el servicio de préstamo de equipo, material y laboratorios, y 2) en el registro de fallos y mantenimiento de los equipos. Para ello, se integró un equipo de trabajo para desarrollar LabUAE, a fin de mejorar los procesos anteriores y potenciar otras particularidades que sería difícil lograr sin un software de este tipo. Resultados preliminares de la producción de LabUAE, demuestran que además de solventarse las observaciones de CONAIC, es posible generar indicadores para mejorar la planeación del mantenimiento al equipo de cómputo, y la adquisición de materiales y otros insumos. Computer Systems Program (LSC) of the Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, is a Quality Academic Program due to an accreditation process runned by the Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación A. C. (CONAIC) on 2016. An accreditation is a process which evaluates several criteria as well as indicators of Academic Programs. This suggests that, as a consequence of an evaluation, observations are pointed in order to improve or to maintain the quality of an Academic Program. In this paper, two particular observations are pointed to the LSC about infrastructure criteria, suggesting more efficiency on 1) equipment, material and laboratories hire service and 2) failure and equipment maintenance log. Therefore, a work team was gathered to develop LabUAE, and to improve such processes and also to enhance some other peculiarities that couldn´t be achieved without it. Preliminary results from LabUAE, show that, besides it can solve all observations pointed by the CONAIC, is possible to get more data in order to upgrade maintenance planning for computer equipment and to acquire material and other supplies.

Perhitungan fisika reaktor untuk deplesi bahan bakar telah dilakukan, yang mengarah pada inventori isotop Pu di dalam bahan bakar sisa. Perhitungan inventori sotop bahan bakar dilakukan dengan program computer WIMSD-5B menggunakan data nuklir ENDFB-VII.1. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memprediksi jumlah atom Pu didalam bahan bakar selama reactor dioperasikan 3 tahun. Nilai parameter fluks dihitung program WIMSD dengan model pin bahan bakar yang terletak di zona bahan bakar aktif. Bahan bakar yang dimodelnya terdiri dari tipe A dan B. Hasil perhitungan faktor perkalian tak hingga pin sel PWR yang dihitung menggunakan paket program WIMSD berturut-turut adalah 1,13614 dan 1,19171 untuk bahan bakar tipe A dan B. Dari hasil perhitungan dapat dinyatakan bahwa jumlah Pu yang tersisa tergantung pada model bahan bakar yang digunakan. Nilai faktor perkalian tak hingga juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh bentuk model bahan bakar yang digunakan

Tipping bucket rain gauges (TBR) are widely used in urban hydrology. The present study investigated the uncertainties in recorded rainfall intensity induced by the following properties of the TBR: depth resolution i.e. the bucket volume, calibration parameters, wetting and evaporation losses and the method of data recording (time between tips or tips per minute). The errors were analysed by means of a TBR simulator i.e. a simulation program that models the behaviour of a TBR. Rainfall data disaggregated to 6 seconds from measured 1-min data and randomly varied were taken as input to the simulator. Different TBR data series were produced by changing the properties of the simulated rain gauge. These data series together with the original rainfall events were used as input to a rainfall-runoff model. Computed overflow volume and peak discharge from a combined sewer overflow (CSO) weir were compared. Errors due to depth resolution (i.e. the bucket size) proved to be small. Therefore TBRs with a depth resolution up to 0.254 mm can be used in urban hydrology without inducing significant errors. Wetting and evaporation losses caused small errors. The method of data recording had also little influence. For larger bucket volumes variable time step recording induced smaller errors than tips per minute recording.

AbstractIn maximizing the profits to be obtained the company needs optimal production planning. The plan considers the resources of the company. PT XYZ is a furniture company. This research focuses on optimizing production planning on the manufacture of door products at PT. XYZ. There are several types of products issued in: D1 type door, D2 type door, D3 type door, and D4 type door. Production planning at PT. XYZ can be seen as an integer program model, which is a method related to optimizing resources to increase profits. Optimization is done by determining the amount of production for each type and each calculating existing resources. The solution search for this model is done by the Branch and Bound algorithm. Based on the calculation results using QM software for Windows, the amount corresponding to production is obtained by using Branches and Bound giving an increase of 36.5% compared to the acquisition of PT. XYZ before. Keywords: Branch and Bound Algorithms, Integer Programming,Optimization AbstrakDalam memaksimalkan keuntungan yang akan diperoleh perusahaan perlu adanya perencanaan produksi yang optimal. Perencanaan tersebut mempertimbangkan ketersediaan sumber daya pada perusahaan. PT XYZ merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang furniture. Penelitian ini fokus kepada pengoptimalan perencanaan produksi pada pembuatan produk pintu di PT.XYZ. Terdapat beberapa jenis produk yang diproduksi di antaranya: Pintu tipe D1, Pintu tipe D2, Pintu tipe D3, dan Pintu tipe D4. Perencanaan produksi di PT.XYZ ini dapat dikatakan sebagai model program integer, karena semua variabel menghendaki hasilnya berupa bilangan bulat. Program tersebut berhubungan dengan pengoptimalan ketersediaan sumber daya bertujuan untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan. Pengoptimalan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan menentukan jumlah produksi untuk masing-masing tipe serta mempertimbangkan semua ketersediaan sumber daya yang ada. Pencarian solusi untuk model ini dilakukan dengan algoritma Branch and Bound. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan software QM for Windows, diketahui bahwa penentuan jumlah produksi dengan menggunakan algoritma Branch and Bound memberikan peningkatan keuntungan sebesar 36.5% dibandingkan dengan keuntungan PT.XYZ sebelumnya. Kata kunci: Optimasi, program integer, algoritma Branch and BoundReferensi[1] Sofyan Assauri. Manajemen Produksi dan Operasi. Lembaga Penerbit FakultasEkonomi Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. 2008.[2] Winston, W. L. Operations Research: Applications and Algorithms. Edisi Keempat.Canada: Brooks/Cole-Thomson Learning. 2004.[3] Akram, S. A., dan Jaya, A. I. Optimalisasi Produksi Roti dengan Menggunakan Metode Branch and Bound (Studi Kasus Pada Pabrik Roti Syariah Bakery, Jl. Maleo, Lrg.VIII No. 68 Palu). Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Terapan, 13(2): 98-107. 2016.[4] Jiao, H. W., dkk. An Effective Branch and Bound Algorithm for MinimaxLinear Fractional Programming. Journal of Applied Mathematics, Volume 2014: 8. 2014.[5] Williams, H. P. The Problem with Integer Programming. Journal of Management Mathematics, 22(3): 213-230. 2011.[6] Falani, I. Penentuan Nilai Parameter Metode Exponential Smoothing dengan Algoritma Genetik dalam Meningkatkan Akurasi Forecasting. Journal of Computer Engineering System and Science, 3(1): 14–16. 2018.[7] Mehdizadeh, E., dan Jalili, S. An Algorithm Based on Theory of Constraints and Branch and Bound for Solving Integrated Product-Mix-Outsourcing Problem. Journal of Optimization in Industrial Engineering, 12(1): 167-172. 2019.[8] Taylor, B. W. Introduction to Management Science. Edisi ke-11. United States of America: Prentice-Hall International, INC. 2013[9] Puryani., dan Ristono, A. Penelitian Operasional. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu. 2012.[10] Yusrah N. dkk. Implementasi Algoritma Branch and Bound Dalam Penentuan Jumlah Produksi Untuk Memaksimalkan Keuntungan. Jurnal String Vol. 3 No. 1 Agustus 2018. ISSN: 2527-9661[11] Taha, H. A. Operations Research: An Introduction. Edisi ke-8. United States of America: Prentice-Hall International, INC. 2007.

Teaching productive lessons RPL is a teaching activity in such a way that students learn to gain the ability and skills about computers. Based on the experience of the researcher, from some of the material or subjects presented in class X, the RPL study program at SMK Negeri 1 Gorontalo, among others, is the subject of applying computer programming logic, the average value of students' daily tests on these basic competencies can be seen as still relatively low. , only reached 60, which is below the expected completeness standard, which is a minimum completeness score of 75. Based on the above assumptions, the researcher will apply another learning model that prioritizes student activity and gives students the opportunity to develop their potential to the fullest. This research is a Classroom Action Research that aims to improve student learning outcomes in Basic Programming subjects using the STAD method and Microsoft Teams media. The subjects in this study were 30 students of class X Software Engineering 2 (X RPL2) at SMK Negeri 1 Gorontalo in the even semester of the 2021-2022 academic year consisting of 24 male students and 6 female students. The results showed that based on the results of data analysis in each cycle, it was seen that the results from cycle I to cycle II had increased. In the implementation of learning and the results of data analysis in the first cycle, for student activities an average score of 63 was obtained and for student activities in the second cycle, the class average score was 76.3. So it can be concluded that the application of the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) type of cooperative learning model can improve learning outcomes of Basic Programming and materials Applying computer programming logic to class X students of SMK Negeri 1 Gorontalo. ABSTRAKMengajarkan pelajaran produktif RPL merupakan suatu kegiatan pengajaran sedemikian rupa sehingga peserta didik belajar untuk mendapatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan tentang komputer. Berdasarkan pengalaman peneliti, dari beberapa materi atau pokok bahasan yang disajikan di kelas X Program studi RPL SMK Negeri 1 Gorontalo antara lain adalah pokok bahasan menerapkan alur logika pemrograman komputer, nilai rata-rata ulangan harian peserta didik pada kompetensi dasar tersebut dapat dilihat masih tergolong rendah, hanya mencapai 60, berada dibawah standar ketuntasan yang diharapkan, yaitu nilai ketuntasan minimal 75. Atas dugaan di atas maka peneliti akan menerapkan model pembelajaran lain yang lebih mengutamakan keaktifan peserta didik dan memberi kesempatan peserta didik untuk mengembangkan potensinya secara maksimal. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pemrograman Dasar dengan menggunakan métode STAD dan media Microsoft Teams. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa kelas X Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak 2 (X RPL2) SMK Negeri 1 Gorontalo semester genap tahun pelajaran 2021-2022 yang terdiri dari 24 siswa laki-laki dan 6 siswa perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan hasil analisis data pada tiap siklus, terlihat bahwa hasil dari siklus I ke siklus II mengalami peningkatan. Pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan hasil analisis data siklus I, untuk aktivitas siswa diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 63 dan aktivitas siswa pada siklus II diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 76,3. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Pemrograman Dasar dan materi Menerapkan alur logika pemrograman komputer pada siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Gorontalo.

Este estudio analiza el proceso de transición de la Educación Media Superior a la Universidad desde el rendimiento académico obtenido a partir de las puntuaciones obtenidas en el examen de ingreso y los promedios alcanzados en el primer y segundo semestre de Licenciatura. El enfoque es cuantitativo con un alcance correlacional, el diseño no experimental de tipo transeccional o transversal. (Hernández, Fernández y Baptista, 2006). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el examen de ingreso EXAD I y las actas de evaluación de los primeros semestres de la licenciatura. El examen de ingreso se aplicó a 1051 estudiantes de los 11 campus de la UPNECH, pero para el estudio solo se consideraron 184 estudiantes que corresponden a la Unidad Chihuahua. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que existe una correlación significativa entre las puntuaciones obtenidas en el examen de ingreso y las calificaciones de los primeros dos semestres cursados. Abstract This study analyzes the process of transition from high school to university considering academic performance drawn from scores obtained from diagnostic examinations for diagnostic purposes and results obtained from assessment records during a student’s the first and second semester of the degree program taken. The approach is quantitative with a correlational scope; the design is nonexperimental cross-sectional (Hernández, Fernández & Baptista, 2006). The instruments used were the diagnostic examination EXADI 1 (National Diagnostic Examination), and the students’ assessment records which corresponded to their first and second semester of the degree program taken. The diagnostic examination was applied to 1, 051 students from 11 National Pedagogical Universities of the State of Chihuahua, however, for this study, we only considered 184 students which were attending classes at the Chihuahua Unit. The results manifest the existence of a significant correlation between scores obtained on the diagnostic examination and assessment records of the first two semesters of the degree program taken.

SOFTWARE SLIDE PARA DIMENSIONAMENTO DE LINHAS LATERAIS EM IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO CONVENCIONAL MARCELO ANDRINI¹; CAMILA APARECIDA NUNES DE SOUZA² E JOÃO CARLOS CURY SAAD³ ¹Mestrando no Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas/UNESP, Av. Universitária, 3780, Jardim Paraíso, Botucatu, SP, Brasil, marcelo.andrini@gmail.com ²Mestranda no Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia – Irrigação e Drenagem, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas/UNESP, Av. Universitária, 3780, Jardim Paraíso, Botucatu, SP, Brasil, nunesc@live.com. ³Eng. Agrônomo, Professor Titular, Departamento de Engenharia Rural, FCA/UNESP, Av. Universitária, 3780, Jardim Paraíso, CEP 18610-034, Botucatu, SP, Brasil, joao.saad@unesp.br. 1 RESUMO O dimensionamento de linhas laterais de aspersão convencional em declive requer criteriosa análise, uma vez que o perfil de distribuição de pressão ao longo da linha pode assumir distintas configurações dependendo da declividade do terreno. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um software, denominado SLIDE, que permita de forma interativa, dimensionar as linhas laterais em qualquer condição de declividade, inclusive em declive. O programa computacional foi desenvolvido no Microsoft Excel – 2016, tem interface intuitiva, com dados de saída na forma de tabela contendo o desempenho hidráulico da linha lateral e gráfico de fácil interpretação, que se ajusta de modo dinâmico em função do tipo de perfil. Para ilustrar sua aplicabilidade, três estudos de caso foram apresentados e solucionados. De modo simples e interativo, o software SLIDE possibilitou o adequado dimensionamento de linhas laterais de sistemas de irrigação por aspersão convencional, especialmente na condição em declive. Palavras-chave: hidráulica, variação de vazão, aspersores. ANDRINI, M.; SOUZA, C. A. N.; SAAD, J. C. C. SOFTWARE “SLIDE” FOR SPRINKLE IRRIGATION LATERAL LINE DESIGN 2 ABSTRACT Sizing conventional downhill sprinkler lateral lines requires careful consideration, as the pressure distribution profile along the line can take different configurations depending on the slope of the terrain. The objective of this work was to develop a software, called SLIDE, that allows to interactively design of the lateral lines in any slope condition, including downhill. The computer program was developed in Microsoft Excel - 2016, has an intuitive interface, with tablet-shaped output data containing the hydraulic performance of the lateral line and easy-to-interpret graph, which dynamically adjusts according to the type of profile. Three case studies were presented and solved. Interactively, SLIDE software has made it possible to design lateral lines of conventional sprinkler irrigation systems properly, especially in the sloping condition. Keywords: hydraulic, discharge variation, sprinkler.

One form of early mathematical recognition is to introduce the concept of geometric shapes. Geometry is an important scientific discipline for present and future life by developing various ways that fit 21st century skills. This study aims to overcome the problem of early mathematical recognition of early childhood on geometry, especially how to recognize geometric forms based on computer learning. A total of 24 children aged 4-5 years in kindergarten has to carrying out 2 research cycles with a total of 5 meetings. Treatment activities in each learning cycle include mentioning, grouping and imitating geometric shapes. There were only 7 children who were able to recognize the geometric shapes in the pre-research cycle (29.2%). An increase in the number of children who are able to do activities well in each research cycle includes: 1) The activities mentioned in the first cycle and 75% in the second cycle; 2) Classifying activities in the first cycle were 37.5% and 75% in the second cycle; 3) Imitation activities in the first cycle 54.2% and 79.2% in the second cycle. The results of data acquisition show that computer learning application can improve the ability to recognize geometric shapes, this is because computer learning provides software that has activities to recognize geometric shapes with the animation and visuals displayed. Keywords: Early Childhood Computer Learning, Geometry Forms, Early Math Skills Reference Alia, T., & Irwansyah. (2018). Pendampingan Orang Tua pada Anak Usia Dini dalam Penggunaan Teknologi Digital. A Journal of Language, Literature, Culture and Education, 14(1), 65– 78. https://doi.org/10.19166/pji.v14i1.639 Ameliola, S., & Nugraha, H. D. (2013). 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Today landscape change monitoring becomes important in the field of sustainable development planning. Real changes of landscape have to be observed in a large scale (not smaller than 1:10,000) in order to avoid generalization of small landscape elements. In such a scale it is rational to perform the monitoring in sample areas that would be enough statistically abundant. The paper offers an original method of distributing the landscape sample areas in Lithuanian territory, differing from most methods based on random choose of sample areas though thorough analysis of the analogous methods abroad was performed. The work was sponsored by the Environmental Agency at the Lithuanian Ministry of Environment. In accordance to the spread of different natural landscape types (like clayey plains, morainic hills, sandy plains, etc.), a set of 100 sample areas (2.5 km2 each) was distributed in Lithuanian territory. To increase the sample area number in smaller landscape types (spit, coastal sandy plain, delta), some proportional corrections were made. Thus, the largest number of the sample areas was assigned to the most spread clayey plains (22), the smallest number – to sandy coastal plain (3). In order to find a concrete place for each sample area inside the landscape type a computer program was employed and the highest representation principle applied. Several tens of thousands possible positions of the sample areas were tested in order to find the best in representing land cover structure. This was achieved by calculating relative remoteness of tested samples’ land cover structure from the respective landscape type structure, further selecting the most patchy samples. Selecting the position of a sample area was also influenced by the buffer capacity (resistance to the chemical impact) of landscape, mostly concentrating on the areas with less buffer capacity (more sensitive to chemical pollution). Santrauka Tvariajai pletrai planuoti tampa aktualia kraštovaizdžio kaitos stebesena. Realūs kraštovaizdžio pokyčiai Lietuvos mastu turi būti fiksuojami stambiuoju masteliu (ne smulkesniu nei 1:10 000), vengiant nepageidautino smulkiu kraštovaizdžio elementu generalizavimo. Tokiu masteliu racionalu būtu pokyčiu stebejimus atlikti etalonuose, ju skaičius turetu būti statistiškai patikimas. Pateikiama originali kraštovaizdžio monitoringo etalonu išdestymo Lietuvos teritorijoje metodika. Darbas buvo atliktas remiant Aplinkos apsaugos agentūrai prie Lietuvos aplinkos ministerijos. Metodika parengta atsižvelgiant ir i užsienio šaliu patirti. Pagal kraštovaizdžio tipu paplitima proporcingai buvo išdalyta 100 2,5 km2 ploto etalonu, papildomai koreguojant (padidinant) etalonu skaičiu mažai paplitu‐siuose kraštovaizdžio tipuose (nerijoje, pajūrio lygumoje, deltoje). Taigi daugiausia etalonu (22) buvo skirta plačiausiai paplitusioms molingosioms lygumoms, mažiausiai (3) – pajūrio lygumai. Etalonams konkrečios vietos buvo parenkamos kompiuterine programa ir vadovautasi didžiausio reprezentatyvumo principu. Kiekvieno kraštovaizdžio tipo buvo išbandyta nuo keliu šimtu iki keliasdešimties tūkstančiu galimu etalonu padečiu, nustatyta pagal žemes dangos struktūra reprezentuojančios geriausiai. Etalonu vietu parinkimas buvo siejamas ir su kraštovaizdžio buferiškumo cheminei taršai arealais, daugiau koncentruojant mažesnio buferiškumo (jautresniuose cheminei taršai) plotuose. Резюме В настоящее время мониторинг изменений ландшафта становится актуальным для планировки сбалансированного развития. Реальные изменения ландшафта в Литве должны быть прослеживаемы в крупном масштабе (не мельче чем 1:10.000) во избежание нежелательной генерализации мелких структурных элементов ландшафта. В таком масштабе рационально осуществлять наблюдения на специально выделенных эталонных территориях, число которых должно быть статистически достаточным. В статье приведена методика расположения названных эталонов на территории Литвы. Работа выполнена при поддержке Агентства по охране окружающей среды при Министерстве окружающей среды. Методика разработана с учетом опыта зарубежных стран. С учетом распределения ландшафтных типов пропорционально было поделено сто эталонов площадью 2,5 км2 каждый. Дополнительно корректировалось (увеличивалось) число эталонов в мало распространенных ландшафтных типах (на косе, приморской равнине, в дельте). Наибольшее число эталонов (22) было отдано глинистым (наиболее распространенным) равнинам, а наименьшее (3) – приморской равнине. С целью подбоpa для эталонов конкретных мест была применена компьютерная программа, а также следовали принципу наивысшей репрезентативности. В каждом ландшафтном типе было испробовано от нескольких сот до нескольких десятков тысяч возможных положений эталонов с целью определить лучшее положение по репрезентативности земельно покровной структуры. Подбор мест для эталонов был осуществлен с учетом сопротивляемости ландшафта химическому загрязнению. Больше эталонов размещалось в наименее устойчивых ареалах.

Esse trabalho teve por objetivo verifi car a precisão e acurácia dos ortomosaicos e Modelo Digital de Terreno (MDT)gerados automaticamente por programa de aerofotogrametria, utilizando fotografi as aéreas tomadas com um VeículoAéreo Não Tripulado (VANT) na cidade de Goiás-GO. O plano de voo foi elaborado no programa E-mo-tion. A câmerautilizada foi a Canon IXUS 220 HS, com resolução espacial de 12 megapixel, equipada com sensor tipo CMOS 1/2,3”(4000 x 3000 pixel), elemento sensor de 1,54 mm, e distância focal calibrada de 4,382 mm, acoplada ao VANT SwingletCAM. O voo foi executado a aproximadamente 711 m acima do solo com superposição lateral de 40% e longitudinal de70%, com um Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) de 25 cm. O bloco fotogramétrico teve 9 faixas, com 62 fotografi as,recobrindo 889,39 ha. Foram gerados dois ortomosaicos e dois Modelo Digital de Superfície (MDS) com o programaPix4Dmapper. O primeiro ortomosaico e MDS foram gerados utilizando georreferenciamento direto, sem pontos deapoio no solo. O segundo ortomosaico e MDS foram gerados utilizando, além do georreferenciamento direto, oitopontos de apoio pré-sinalizados no terreno. A tendenciosidade foi analisada pelo teste t de Student () e a precisão pelaprobabilidade do qui-quadrado () seguindo os parâmetros indicadas pelo Decreto Federal 89.817/84. O ortomosaicosem pontos de apoio foi classifi cado como Classe A na escala 1/2.500 e o ortomosaico gerado com pontos de apoiofoi classifi cado como Classe A na escala de 1/1.125. O ortomosaico gerado sem pontos de apoio apresentou tendênciaplanialtimétrica. Embora o programa utilizado tenha gerado o MDS, foi avaliado o MDT, pois todos os pontos de controle foram implantados diretamente no solo. O MDT avaliado com e sem pontos de apoio apresentaram tendência dedeslocamento vertical. Ficou evidente a necessidade de utilizar pontos de apoio para a confecção de ortomosaicos e MDT.

In this study a combination of computer tools for coupling and virtual screening is detailed, in 108 active molecules and 3620 decoys to find stabilizers for G quadruplex (G4). To have more precise results, combinations of coupling programs with fifteen energy scoring functions were applied. The validation and evaluation of the metrics was done with the CompScore genetic algorithm. The results showed an increase in BEDROC and EF of 50% compared to other strategies, as well as reflecting early recognition of active molecules. From these results it is possible to work with the molecules that showed a good early recognition and evaluate their effect as G4 stabilizers. This ensures more efficient and accurate results in the preclinical stage for the development of anticancer drugs. Keywords: Enrichment metrics; telomere; G quadruplex (G4); CompScore. References [1]M. Porru, P. Zizza, M. Franceschin, C. Leonetti and A. Biroccio. «EMICORON: A multi-targeting G4 ligand with a promising preclinical profile» 2017. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects, 1861(5), 1362–1370. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-018-0836-6. [2]K. Tomita. «How long does telomerase extend telomeres ? Regulation of telomerase release and telomere length homeostasis». Current Genetics, 64(6), 1177–1181. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen. 2016.11.010. [3]M. Jafri, S. Ansari, M. Alqahtani and J. Shay. «Roles of telomeres and telomerase in cancer , and advances in telomerase-targeted therapies. Genome Medicine., 2016. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19020482. [4]J. Huppert and S. Balasubramanian. «G-quadruplexes in promoters throughout the human genome». 35(2), 406–413. 2007. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.06.012. [5]S. Joy, Vijayakumar, S. Choi and H. Sunhye (2015). «Role of computer-aided drug design in modern drug discovery». Archives of Pharmacal Research. 2015. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-015-0640-5. [6]S. Asamitsu, S. Obata, Z. Yu, T. Bando and H. Sugiyama. «Recent Progress of Targeted G-Quadruplex-Preferred Ligands Toward Cancer Therapy». Molecules, 24(3), 429. 2019. [En línea]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030429. [7]R. Monsen and J. Trent. «Biochimie G-quadruplex virtual drug screening : A review». Biochimie, 152, 134–148. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cc06748e. [8]J. Beauvarlet, P. Bensadoun, E. Darbo, G. Labrunie, E. Richard, I. Draskovic and M. Djavaheri-mergny. «Modulation of the ATM / autophagy pathway by a G-quadruplex ligand tips the balance between senescence and apoptosis in cancer cells». 1–18. 2019. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz095. [9].Z. Crees, J. Girard, Z. Rios, G. Botting, K. Harrington and C. Shearrow. « Oligonucleotides and G-quadruplex stabilizers: targeting telomeres and telomerase in cancer therapy».2014. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.2174/1381612820666140630100702. [10].M. Meier, A. Moya-torres, N. Krahn, M. Mcdougall, L. Orriss, E. Mcrae and T. Patel. «Structure and hydrodynamics of a DNA Gquadruplex with a cytosine bulge». (May), 1–13. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gky307

Background Following the successful scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the focus is now on ensuring good quality of life (QoL) and sustained viral suppression in people living with HIV. The access to mobile technology in the most burdened countries is increasing rapidly, and therefore, mobile health (mHealth) technologies could be leveraged to improve QoL in people living with HIV. However, data on the impact of mHealth tools on the QoL in people living with HIV are limited to the evaluation of SMS text messaging; these are infeasible in high-illiteracy settings. Objective The primary and secondary outcomes were to determine the impact of interactive voice response (IVR) technology on Medical Outcomes Study HIV QoL scores and viral suppression at 12 months, respectively. Methods Within the Call for Life study, ART-experienced and ART-naïve people living with HIV commencing ART were randomized (1:1 ratio) to the control (no IVR support) or intervention arm (daily adherence and pre-appointment reminders, health information tips, and option to report symptoms). The software evaluated was Call for Life Uganda, an IVR technology that is based on the Mobile Technology for Community Health open-source software. Eligibility criteria for participation included access to a phone, fluency in local languages, and provision of consent. The differences in differences (DIDs) were computed, adjusting for baseline HIV RNA and CD4. Results Overall, 600 participants (413 female, 68.8%) were enrolled and followed-up for 12 months. In the intervention arm of 300 participants, 298 (99.3%) opted for IVR and 2 (0.7%) chose SMS text messaging as the mode of receiving reminders and health tips. At 12 months, there was no overall difference in the QoL between the intervention and control arms (DID=0.0; P=.99) or HIV RNA (DID=0.01; P=.94). At 12 months, 124 of the 256 (48.4%) active participants had picked up at least 50% of the calls. In the active intervention participants, high users (received >75% of reminders) had overall higher QoL compared to low users (received <25% of reminders) (92.2 versus 87.8, P=.02). Similarly, high users also had higher QoL scores in the mental health domain (93.1 versus 86.8, P=.008) and better appointment keeping. Similarly, participants with moderate use (51%-75%) had better viral suppression at 12 months (80/94, 85% versus 11/19, 58%, P=.006). Conclusions Overall, there was high uptake and acceptability of the IVR tool. While we found no overall difference in the QoL and viral suppression between study arms, people living with HIV with higher usage of the tool showed greater improvements in QoL, viral suppression, and appointment keeping. With the declining resources available to HIV programs and the increasing number of people living with HIV accessing ART, IVR technology could be used to support patient care. The tool may be helpful in situations where physical consultations are infeasible, including the current COVID epidemic. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02953080; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02953080

IMAGENS DO LANDSAT- 8 NO MAPEAMENTO DE SUPERFÍCIES EM ÁREA IRRIGADA JANNAYLTON ÉVERTON OLIVEIRA SANTOS¹; DONIZETI APARECIDO PASTORI NICOLETE¹; ROBERTO FILGUEIRAS¹; VICTOR COSTA LEDA² E CÉLIA REGINA LOPES ZIMBACK¹ [1] Departamento de Ciência do Solo e Recursos Ambientais da UNESP - campus Botucatu – SP,Programa de Irrigação e Drenagem UNESP/FCA. Email:jannaylton@gmail.com, dnicolete@gmail.com, betofilgueiras@gmail.com, czimbak@gmail.com2 Departamento de Ciência do Solo e Recursos Ambientais da UNESP - campus Botucatu – SP, Programa de Energia na agricultura UNESP/FCA. Email: victorleda@gmail.com 1 RESUMO O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os parâmetros NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) e SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) para dois períodos, chuvoso e seco, em área irrigada. A área de estudo apresenta constante expansão na irrigação por pivô central, sendo localizada nas proximidades do município de Paranapanema – SP. As imagens foram processadas utilizando o programa QGIS 2.2. Para a obtenção dos índices realizou-se a calibração radiométrica, que consiste na transformação dos números digitais para correspondentes físicos, radiância e reflectância, e correção atmosférica por meio do método DOS 1 (Dark Object Substraction). Após os processamentos computou-se os índices de vegetação, os quais deram subsídio para o monitoramento das culturas agrícolas nos diferentes manejos (irrigado e sequeiro) e épocas de análise (chuvoso e seco). Como auxílio para o monitoramento das áreas, fusionou-se uma composição RGB 432, com a banda pancromática, o que permitiu uma pré-análise das condições e dos tipos de uso do solo na área de estudo. As cartas obtidas de NDVI e SAVI permitiram inferir sobre as condições fisiológicas e estádios fenológicos da vegetação nos diferentes usos do solo. No período de estiagem os índices médios obtiveram valores inferiores ao do período chuvoso, tendo isto ocorrido, principalmente, devido as condições de estresse hídrico característico da época. Desse modo, o cômputo dos parâmetros para a área de estudo foram de extrema valia na análise das condições da vegetação nos diferentes cenários, pois por meio desses foi possível inferir sobre as diferenças encontradas nos períodos e nos diferentes usos do solo, o que auxilia os agricultores em tomadas de decisão com relação ao manejo de suas áreas, no que tange as questões relacionadas a necessidades hídrica das culturas.Palavras-chave: Sensoriamento remoto, monitoramento agrícola, pivô central. SANTOS, J. E. O.; NICOLETE, D. A. P.; FILGUEIRAS, R.; LEDA, V. C.; ZIMBACK, C. R. L.IMAGES OF LANDSAT-8 TO MONITOR THE SURFACES ON IRRIGATED AREA 2 ABSTRACT The study aims to analyze NDVI (Difference Vegetation Index Normalized) and SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) for two periods (rainy and dry) on irrigated area. The study area has constant expansion on irrigation center pivot, it is located near the Paranapanema ­- SP county. For this study we used two images of Landsat ­8 orbital platform. The images were processed using QGIS 2.2 program. To obtain the indexes, it was held radiometric calibration, which is the transformation of digital numbers in corresponding physical, radiance and reflectance, and atmospheric correction using the DOS method (Dark Object Substraction). These procedures were performed on semi automatic classification plugin. After appropriate calibrations and corrections, it were computed the vegetation indexes. These gave allowance for monitoring agricultural crops in different management systems (irrigated and rainfed) and analysis of seasons (wet and dry). As an aid for monitoring areas, we merged a RGB ­432 composition, with a panchromatic band. This product allowed a pre - analysis of conditions and types of land use in the study area. The maps obtained from NDVI and SAVI, allowed to infer about the physiological conditions and growth stages vegetation in different land uses. During the dry season, we found average rates which has lower values than the rainy season. This occurred, mainly, due to water stress conditions, which is characteristic of that season. Thus, the estimation of parameters for the study area were extremely valuable in analysis of vegetation conditions, on different scenarios, because through these, became possible to infer about the differences in seasons analized and different land uses. Then, these analisys served as an aid for farmers in decision­ making, regard the management of their areas, which is related to water requirements of crops. Keywords: Remote sensing, agriculture monitoring, center pivot.

The challenge for rural communities to provide quality education for early childhood in Indonesia is difficult. National politics, policies, and economic and cultural conditions affect the Early Childhood Education system, and Indonesia is a large multicultural country, so, even the quality of education is difficult. This study aims to look at the quality of children's education in Pandalungan. Using qualitative methods with ethnographic design, data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that educational institutions for children in urban areas can be categorized quite high. However, for early childhood education services in Desa Sukorambi Pandalungan, the quality is quite poor. Research suggestions are the need for follow-up related to social, economic, cultural and environmental factors at the level of Pandalungan community awareness of early childhood education. Keywords: Early Childhood, Learning Quality, Pandalungan Community References: Bernal, R., & Ramírez, S. M. (2019). Improving the quality of early childhood care at scale: The effects of “From Zero to Forever.” World Development, 118, 91–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.02.012 Bers, M. U., González-González, C., & Armas-Torres, M. B. (2019). Coding as a playground: Promoting positive learning experiences in childhood classrooms. Computers and Education, 138, 130–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.013 Biersteker, L., Dawes, A., Hendricks, L., & Tredoux, C. (2016). Center-based early childhood care and education program quality: A South African study. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 36, 334–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2016.01.004 Burchinal, M. (2018). Measuring Early Care and Education Quality. Child Development Perspectives, 12(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12260 Church, A., & Bateman, A. (2019). Methodology and professional development: Conversation Analytic Role-play Method (CARM) for early childhood education. Journal of Pragmatics, 143(xxxx), 242–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2019.01.022 Ciolan, L. E. (2013). Play to Learn, Learn to Play. Creating Better Opportunities for Learning in Early Childhood. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 76, 186–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.096 Correia, N., Camilo, C., Aguiar, C., & Amaro, F. (2019). Children’s right to participate in early childhood education settings: A systematic review. Children and Youth Services Review, 100, 76–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.02.031 Cycyk, L. M., & Hammer, C. S. (2018). Beliefs, values, and practices of Mexican immigrant families towards language and learning in toddlerhood: Setting the foundation for early childhood education. Early Childhood Research Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.09.009 Dick, C. & C. (2009). The Sistematic Design Of Instruction. New Jersey: Upper Saddle River. Grindal, T., Bowne, J. B., Yoshikawa, H., Schindler, H. S., Duncan, G. J., Magnuson, K., & Shonkoff, J. P. (2016). The added impact of parenting education in early childhood education programs: A meta-analysis. Children and Youth Services Review, 70, 238–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.018 Herbers, J. E., Cutuli, J. J., Jacobs, E. L., Tabachnick, A. R., & Kichline, T. (2019). Early childhood risk and later adaptation: A person-centered approach using latent profiles. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 62(January), 66–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2019.01.003 Hunkin, E. (2018). Whose quality? The (mis)uses of quality reform in early childhood and education policy. Journal of Education Policy, 33(4), 443–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2017.1352032 Johson, J. E, & Roopnarine, J. L. (2011). Pendidikan anak usia dini dalam berbagai pendekatan. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group. Lucas, F. M. M. (2017). The Game as an Early Childhood Learning Resource for Intercultural Education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 237(June 2016), 908–913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2017.02.127 Atwi Suparman. (2012). Desain Intruksional Modern. Jakarta: Erlangga. Mapiare, A. (2013). Tipe-tipe Metode Riset Kualitatif Untuk Eksplanasi Sosial Budaya Dan Bimbingan Konseling. Malang: Elang Emas & Prodi Bimbingan Dan Konseling Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Malang. Milner, K. M., Bhopal, S., Black, M., Dua, T., Gladstone, M., Hamadani, J., … Lawn, J. E. (2019). Counting outcomes, coverage and quality for early child development programmes. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 104, S3–S12. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-315430 Morrison, G. S. (2012). Dasar-dasar Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jakarta: Indeks. Nutbrown, C. (2011). Key Concepts in Early Childhood Education and Care (2nd ed.). London: SAGE Publication Ltd. Perpres. Pelaksanaan Pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan. , 6 Peraturan Presiden RI § (2017). Puspita, W. A. (2013). Multikulturalisme dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Ilmiah VISI P2TK PAUDNI, 8(2), 144–152. Raikes, A., Sayre, R., Davis, D., Anderson, K., Hyson, M., Seminario, E., & Burton, A. (2019). The Measuring Early Learning Quality & Outcomes initiative: purpose, process and results. Early Years, 39(4), 360–375. https://doi.org/10.1080/09575146.2019.1669142 Satrio Roefandi, P. (2019). Keluarga Pendalungan, Keluarga Berbasis Budaya Madura Atau Jawa? 10 Th Psychofest Conference, (March), 316–324. https://doi.org/10.31227/osf.io/v8g5b Stokoe, E. (2014). The Conversation Analytic Role-play Method (CARM): a method for training communication skills as an alternative to simulated role-play. Res. Lang. Soc. Interact, 47(3), 255–265. Sutarto, A. (2006). Sekilas Tentang Masyarakat Pandalungan. Jelajah Budaya 2006, 1–7. Suyadi. (2010). Psikologi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Insan Madani. Tapscott, D. (2011). Grown Up Digital: How the Net Generation Is Changing Your World. Bucharest: Publica. Wijana, W. D. (2014). Konsep-Konsep Dasar Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. In UT. https://doi.org/10.1101/112268 Yoshikawa, H., Wuermli, A. J., Raikes, A., Kim, S., & Kabay, S. B. (2018). Toward High-Quality Early Childhood Development Programs and Policies at National Scale: Directions for Research in Global Contexts. Social Policy Report,31(1), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2379-3988.2018.tb00091.x

Introducción: La Incidencia de Situs Inversus Totalis (SIT) es de 1:400.000 nacidos vivos, caracterizada por error en la migración de órganos torácicos y abdominales durante el desarrollo embrionario, colocándose como una “imagen de espejo” con respecto al eje sagital de la posición anatómica normal, puede ser parte del síndrome de Kartagener, donde además existe infertilidad e infecciones respiratorias a repetición. La colecistitis o inflamación de la vesícula biliar, es una patología frecuente, que, asociado al SIT, presenta manifestaciones clínicas especiales por la ubicación del dolor en lado izquierdo del abdomen, lo que retrasa el diagnóstico y la resolución. Objetivo: Reportar un caso de Colecistitis alitiásica y Situs Inversus Totalis. Descripción del caso: Paciente femenina de 72 años, que acudió a emergencias en varias ocasiones por dolor tipo cólico, en hipocondrio izquierdo, estudios como ecografía abdominal, ecocardiograma confirma la presencia de SIT y Colecistitis alitiásica. El laboratorio expresa leucocitosis. Se programa la Colecistectomía por vía laparoscópica, realizando el procedimiento quirúrgico con la distribución de los trócares en forma de espejo, mirando hacia el lado izquierdo del paciente. Evolución clínica: satisfactoria sin complicaciones. Se establece protocolo para descartar Síndrome de Kartagener, en vista de antecedentes respiratorios. Conclusiones: La colecistitis es una patología con una alta incidencia, pero en combinación con el SIT es poco frecuente. La mayoría de los pacientes con SIT, tienen una vida normal, su diagnóstico precoz orienta ante la presencia de patologías quirúrgicas agudas, con características clínicas especiales como la ubicación del dolor en el lado opuesto, retrasando el diagnóstico y la resolución quirúrgica con abordaje en modalidades especiales Palabras clave: colecistitis alitiásica, colecistectomía, síndrome de Kartagener, situs inversus. ABSTRACT Introduction: The incidence of Situs Inversus Totalis (SIT) is 1:400,000 live births, characterized by an error in the migration of thoracic and abdominal organs during embryonic development, positioning itself as a "mirror image" with respect to the sagittal axis of the normal anatomical position, it may be part of Kartagener's syndrome, where there is also infertility and recurrent respiratory infections. Cholecystitis or inflammation of the gallbladder is a frequent pathology, which, associated with SIT, presents special clinical manifestations due to the location of pain on the left side of the abdomen, which delays diagnosis and resolution. Objective: To report a case of acalculous cholecystitis and Situs Inversus Totalis. Description of the case: A 72-year-old female patient, who went to the emergency room on several occasions due to colicky pain in the left hypochondrium, studies such as abdominal ultrasound, echocardiogram confirmed the presence of SIT and acalculous cholecystitis. The laboratory expresses leukocytosis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is scheduled, performing the surgical procedure with the distribution of the trocars in the form of a mirror, looking towards the left side of the patient. Clinical evolution: satisfactory without complications. A protocol is established to rule out Kartagener's Syndrome, in view of a respiratory history. Conclusions: Cholecystitis is a pathology with a high incidence, but in combination with SIT it is rare. Most of the patients with SIT have a normal life, their early diagnosis guides the presence of acute surgical pathologies, with special clinical characteristics such as the location of the pain on the opposite side, delaying the diagnosis and surgical resolution with an approach in modalities specials Keywords: acalculous cholecystitis, cholecystectomy, Kartagener syndrome, situs inversus.

As formações ciliares são importantes para manutenção da estrutura e função dos ecossistemas, regulando o escoamento superficial proveniente de áreas adjacentes servindo como filtro, além de funções hidrológicas. As áreas de matas ciliares no município de Penalva, região da Baixada Maranhense apresentam indicativos do uso intenso e continuado das espécies nesses ambientes. Isto fica evidente também pelos desmatamentos e extração acentuada de espécies vegetais para fins de construção local, nas margens dos lagos do município. Este estudo teve como objetivos principais: 1) levantar e identificar o material vegetal utilizado em construções, segundo diferentes grupos de usuários: populações ribeirinhas em seus povoamentos, fazendas e estabelecimentos em geral, dentro e nos limites da área considerada de proteção pela legislação; 2) analisar a taxa de renovação do material vegetal utilizado nas construções. Sinais de pressão sobre os recursos vegetais ciliares são claros, evidenciados pela presença de espécies secundárias nas formações ciliares, pelos relatos dos habitantes da região, bem como pelos sinais físicos de intensa extração. O grande número de indivíduos jovens, em muitas áreas mais frequentes que indivíduos adultos, também evidencia o continuado processo de extração das espécies nos ambientes ciliares regionais. Grandes também são a áreas sem nenhum tipo de vegetação nas margens dos lagos, principalmente aquelas que estão próximas aos adensamentos populacionais. Ficaram evidentes as pressões advindas do uso intenso dos recursos vegetais para construção na região, as principais espécies sob pressão do uso e desmatamentos, além da necessidade de programas para conservação, respeitando-se os limites da legislação e da capacidade de suporte das formações ciliares regionais.Palavras-chave: Matas Ciliares; Usos; Construções; Sustentabilidade; Baixada Maranhense. Sustainability of use of riparian plant species in rural constructions in the Baixada Maranhense regionA B S T R A C TRiparian formations are important for maintaining the structure and function of ecosystems, regulating surface runoff from adjacent areas, serving as a filter, in addition to hydrological function. The areas of rioarian forests in the municipality of Penalya, Baixada Maranhense region show indications of the intense and continued use of the species in these evironments. This in also evident in the deforestation and accentuated extraction of plant species for local construction purposes, on the, on the margins of the municipality’ lakes. This study had as main objectives: 1) to plant species and identify the pplant material used in constructions, according to different groups of users: riverside populations in their settlements, farms, and establishments in general, within the limits of the are considered to be protected by legislation, 2) to analyze the renewal rate of plant material used in constructions. Signs of pressure on riparian resources are clear, evidenced by the presence of secondary species in riparian formations, reports from the region’s inhabitants, as well as by physical signs of intense extraction. The large number of young individuals in many areas also evidences the continued process of extraction of species in regional riparian evironments. Also, large areas with no vegetation on the margins of lakes, especially those close to population densities. The pressure arising from the intense use of plant resources for construction in the region was characterized, along with main species under pressure of use. The intensity of deforestation and the need for programs for the conservation were clear, with respect for the limits of legislation and the support capacity of the regional riparian formations. Keywords: Ciliary Forests; Uses; Constructions; Sustainability; Baixada Maranhense.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using mind mapping method in improving early childhood educator’s skill in mastering the child development assessment. This research is quasi-experimental using a pre-test and post-test design. The population was the entire classes of early childhood education training held by LPK Yayasan Indonesia Mendidik Jaka Sampurna at Cileungsi, Bogor. The participants were 45 early childhood educators. This study used three research methods which are implemented from learning methods in child development assessment was as pre-test and post-test. Data were collected by using two instruments to measure early childhood educators for child development assessment. The data were analysed by using t-test to measures the differences data in pre-test and post-test. The results showed that the use of mind mapping methods can help early childhood educators to improve their mastery of the development assessment concept which averages 51.9 percent. It showed significant results with ttest value is 18,266 (N = 10, α = 0,0). This capacity building is reinforced by various qualitative findings which arise from early childhood educators’ awareness to change the old learning style into learning by mind mapping method as a learning method that follows how the brain works. This study also found that early childhood educators as adults who are in the stage of formal thinking have shown an understanding that mind mapping method are appropriate, fast, easy and practical in mastering various development assessment concepts. Early childhood educators believe that they can use the method for mastering other material concepts. Keywords: Assessment, Brain-based teaching, Mind mapping References Anthony, J. N. (2001). Educational Assesment of Student. New Jersey: Merril Prentice Hall. Armstrong, T. (2009). Multiples Intelligences in the Classroom. Virginia: SCD. Bagnato, S. J. (2007). Authentic Assessment for Early Childhood Intervention. 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Supplemental planting (planting trees into areas of low stocking within young stands)—also known as fill-planting, blanking, or beeting—is a common silviculture practice. This extension note describes a method to rank areas for supplemental planting based on the yield gain expected from the treatment. The method uses a modified Type 1 Operational Adjustment Factor (OAF1) survey and yield estimates from the stand growth model called TIPSY (Table Interpolation Program for Stand Yields). OAF1 is a TIPSY input parameter that reduces predicted yield to account for small stocking gaps in the stand and other yield-reducing factors. The procedures for the survey method and subsequent runs of the TIPSY computer model are briefly described. The method is evaluated by comparing it to a review of the supplemental planting literature and to results obtained from the stand growth model TASS (Tree and Stand Simulator), as well as by testing it in the field.The literature on supplemental planting indicates that the survival and growth of fill-planted trees increases as gap size increases, the size of pre-existing trees decreases, and the height growth rate of fill-planted trees increases. Limited comparisons to TASS suggest that when large differences in predicted gain separate the alternatives (e.g., differences = 10 m3/ha), both TASS and the new ranking method order the alternative fill-planting opportunities similarly. However, when the differences in predicted gain among alternatives are small (e.g., < 10 m3/ha), the rankings differ. In addition, when the predicted gain is less than or equal to 20 m3/ha, the new ranking method overestimates the yield gain from supplemental planting.The method was field tested in 1998 and 1999 when Lignum Ltd. implemented the procedure to help rank areas for supplemental planting on cutovers naturally regenerated to lodgepole pine near Williams Lake, B.C. A field review of the method�s performance concluded that it made a useful contribution to the problem of ranking areas for supplemental planting. However, this method does not provide all of the information required to make a good prescription for supplemental planting. To achieve success with supplemental planting, silviculture prescription writers must select optimal stands and sites for treatment and utilize appropriate species, stock types, and planting procedures.

Abstrak: Penelitian pada tahun ketiga ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran Macromedia Flash yang mengacu pada perangkat pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan di tahun pertama dan mendeskripsikan hasil belajar dan respon siswa setelah diberikan pembelajaran dengan media pembelajaran tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan model four-D. Media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan peneliti memuat materi fisika SMP Kelas VIII yang ada di Buku Ajar Fisika (BAF) dan dibuat dalam 160 slide yang berisi tentang animasi konsep dan gambar bergerak yang merupakan gabungan konsep pembelajaran dengan teknologi audiovisual yang mampu menghasilkan fitur-fitur baru yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pendidikan. Pembelajaran berbasis multimedia ini dapat menyajikan materi pelajaran yang lebih mudah, menarik, tidak monoton. Peserta didik juga dapat mempelajari materi pelajaran tertentu secara mandiri dengan komputer yang dilengkapi program multimedia. Berdasarkan implementasi media pembelajaran macromedia flash dalam pembelajaran siswa kelas VIII 8/1 SMPN 2 Lingsar dan siswa kelas VIIIB/1 SMPN 1 Kediri diperoleh ketuntasan secara klasikal, yaitu sebesar 90,62% dan 93,94%, hal ini menunjukkan media tersebut efektif untuk menuntaskan belajar siswa. Disamping itu respon siswa pada kedua sekolah tersebut terhadap pembelajaran dengan pendekatan IPA Terpadu tipe Connected dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran macromedia flash adalah sangat baik. Kata kunci: Media pembelajaran, Macromedia Flash, IPA Terpadu, Connected. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: Research in the third year aims to develop learning Macromedia Flash media which refers to the learning tools that have been developed in the first year and describe the learning outcomes and student responses are given after the learning with the learning media. This type of research is quantitative descriptive study using a four-D model. Media learning materials developed by researchers include junior high school physics class VIII in Physics Textbook and made in 160 slides containing about animation concepts and moving images which is a joint concept of learning with audiovisual technology capable of generating new features that can be used in education. This multimedia-based learning can provide a more interesting subject matter, not monotonous, and facilitate delivery. Learners can also learn a specific subject matter on their own computers equipped with multimedia programs. Macromedia Flash Media learning is expected to give contribution for teachers in junior high school in order to design learning activities, especially the learning of integrated natural science. Based on the implementation of macromedia flash media learning in students class VIII8/1 SMPN 2 Lingsar and student class VIIIB/1 SMPN 1 Kediri exhaustiveness obtained in the classical, amounting to 90.62% and 93.94%, this suggests the media is effective for complete the learning of students. Besides, the response of students in both schools of learning to approach of integrated natural science by using macromedia flash media learning is very good.Key words: Learning Media, Macromedia Flash, Integrated natural science, Conected

Introdução: As abfrações apresentam-se como uma perda irreversível da estrutura dentária na região cervical sem o envolvimento da ação de bactérias e possui etiologia complexa e multifatorial. É uma lesão em formato de cunha e causada por sobrecarga mecânica iniciada pela flexão das cúspides. Objetivo: Avaliar o nível de estresse em paciente com abfração, que foram atendidos na Clínica Escola de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG). Metodologia: O estudo foi do tipo transversal, observacional, com abordagem indutiva e procedimento comparativo e descritivo. Como estratégia de coleta de dados foi utilizado as fichas clínicas, exame clínico e um questionário chamado Inventário de Sintomas de Estresse de Lipp (ISSL). Os dados foram registrados no banco de dados do programa de informática SPSS para Windows 7, versão 13.0 no período de Fevereiro a Julho de 2018. Resultados: A amostra foi por conveniência composta por 47 participantes, sendo 31 (66%) do gênero feminino e 16 (34%) do gênero masculino. De 16 pacientes do gênero masculino, o maior número de participantes (7) apresentavam-se em fase de exaustão (Fase III), e de 31 pacientes do gênero feminino, o maior número (18) também se apresentavam em nível de exaustão. Quando questionados sobre o sistema estomatognático, sem distinção de gênero e podendo marcar mais de uma opção, a tensão muscular foi a mais relatada com 31 assertivas (35%). Conclusão: Portanto, os pacientes com abfração apresentavam-se com altos níveis de estresse, do qual esse estresse pode acarretar em outras lesões na cavidade bucal.Descritores: Análise do Estresse Dentário; Dentística Operatória; Odontologia.ReferênciasNguyen A, Ranjitkar S, Kaidonis JA, Townsend GC. A qualitative assessment of non-carious cervical lesions in extracted human teeth. Aust Dent J. 2008;53(1):46-51.Hur B, Kim HC, Park JK, Versluis A. 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Mecanismos neuropsicológicos do stress: teoria e aplicações clínicas. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo; 2003.Xhonga FA. Bruxism and its effect on the teeth. J Oral Rehabil. 1977;4(1):65-76.Pedro AF, Ribeiro J, Soler ZASG, Bugdan AP. Qualidade de vida em mulheres com incontinência urinaria. SMAD. 2011;7(2):63-70.Rigoni ACC, Silva LF, Silva TP, Fernandes BP, Silva CL. Relações entre a educação física escolar, as práticas corporais e a qualidade de vida. Rev CPAQV. 2017;9(1):1-19.Petti S. Lifestyle risk factors for oral cancer. Oral Oncol. 2009;45(4-5):340-50.Souza MSVB. Revisitando o significado do estresse no contexto das organizações: uma breve revisão teórico-conceitual [monografia]. Brasília: Centro Universitário de Brasília – UNICEUB; 2014.Lee WC, Eakle WS. Possible role of tensile stress in the etiology of cervical erosive lesions of teeth. J Prosthet Dent. 1984;52(3):374-80.Sousa LX, Cruz JHA, Melo WOS, Freire SCP, Ribeiro ED, Freire JCP. Abfração dentária: um enfoque sobre a etiologia e o tratamento restaurador. Arch Health Invest. 2018;7(2):51-53.Martins RJ, Garcia AR, Garbin CAS, Sundfeld MLMM. Associação entre classe econômica e estresse na ocorrência da disfunção temporomandibular. Rev bras epidemiol. 2007;10(2):215-22.Kelsall A, Decalmer S, McGuinness K, Woodcock A, Smith JA. Sex differences and predictors of objective cough frequency in chronic cough. Thorax. 2009.64(5):393-98.Brasil. Ministério da Saúde, Brasil 2014: uma análise da situação de saúde e das causas externas. Brasília: 2014.Calais SL, Andrade LMB, Lipp MEN. Diferenças de sexo e escolaridade na manifestação de stress em adultos jovens. Psicol Reflex Crit. 2003;16(2):257-63.Brandini DA, Trevisan CL, Panzarini SR, Pedrini D. Clinical evaluation of the association between noncarious cervical lesions and occlusal forces. J Prosthet Dent. 2012. 108(5):298-303.Fissmer JFW, Garanhani RR, Sakae TM, Traebert JL, Soar Filho EJ. 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Os traumatismos dentários são frequentes na rotina clínica dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas e a correta conduta do tratamento é fundamental para um bom prognóstico. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil e a conduta dos cirurgiões-dentistas das 41 Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de Patos-PB frente aos traumatismos dentários. Metodologia: Para coleta de dados foi aplicado um questionário contendo perguntas sobre o perfil demográfico dos profissionais e a experiência com traumatismo dental. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo Qui-quadrado, com margem de erro de 5%. Resultados: 66,7% dos Cirurgiões-dentistas eram do sexo feminino, 83,3% fizeram a graduação em instituição de ensino pública, 33,3% possuíam mais de 10 anos de formados, 53,3% eram especialistas, apenas 10% relataram ter algum tipo de cursos na área e a especialidade predominante foi a de Saúde da Família (16,7%). Sobre a prevalência do trauma dental na rotina de atendimentos, 46,7% dos entrevistados relataram ter recebido pacientes com traumatismo dentário, destes, 36,7% receberam apenas casos de fratura dental e 10% receberam tanto fratura como avulsão dental, 92,8% realizaram o primeiro atendimento e 7,2% encaminharam para outro local e 56,7% relataram sentirem-se seguros para realizar o atendimento. A relação entre a segurança no atendimento com variáveis de perfil e conduta não demonstrou associação estatisticamente significante (p>0,05). Conclusão: Observou-se uma alta prevalência de traumatismo dentário e que muitos profissionais ainda não se sentem seguros para prestarem o atendimento imediato, sendo necessário mais incentivo em cursos na área, visando otimizar a assistência ao paciente com trauma dental.Descritores: Odontólogos; Conhecimento; Traumatismo Dentário.ReferênciasDuarte DA, Bonecker MS, Santanna GR, Suga SS. 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Avaliação do conhecimento da abordagem de trauma dental pelos profissionais de creches. ConScientiae Saude. 2009;8(1):65-73.Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM, Anderson L. Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the teeth. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell; 2013.Torres Silva MC, Díaz YB, Díaz AMB, Figueredo EJ, García YR. Factores predisponentes de trauma dental en escolares del municipio Rafael Freyre. Ccm Holguín. 2017;21(3):798-808.Pádua MN, Mendes FM, Benedetto MS, Volpi NA, Mello-Moura JCI, Bonini GAVC. Prevalência de lesões dentárias traumáticas em pré-escolares de escolas públicas e particulares. J Health Sci Inst. 2010;28(3):237-40.Sanabe EM, Cavalcante BL, Coldebella RC, Abreu-e-Lima BCF. Urgências em traumatismos dentários: classificação, características e procedimentos. Rev Paul Pediatr 2009;27(4):447-51.Wigen TI, Agnalt R, Jacobsen I. Intrusive luxationof permanent incisors in Norwegians aged 6-17 years:a retrospective study of treatment and outcome. Dent Traumatol. 2008;24(3):612-18.Cortes MI, Marcenes W, Sheiham A. Impact of traumatic injuries to the permanent teeth on the oral health-related quality of life in 12-14-year-old children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002;30(3):193-98.Pinheiro SAA, Delfino CS. Conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista sobre trauma dentário. Rev cir traumatol buco-maxilo-fac. 2014;14(1):83-90.Granville-Garcia AF, Balduíno Jr JB, Ferreira JMS, Menezes VA, Fontes LBC, Cavalcanti AL. Conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista sobre avulsão dental no Programa de Saúde da Família de Campina Grande- PB/Brasil. Odonto. 2009;17(33):35-41Costa LED, Queiroz FS, Nóbrega CBC, Leite MS, Nóbrega WFS, Almeida ER. Trauma dentário na infância: avaliação da conduta dos educadores de creches públicas de Patos-PB. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2014;43(6):402-8.Hu LW, Prisco CRD, Bombana AC. Knowledge of Brazilian general dentists and endodontists about the emergency management of dentoal­veolar trauma. 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