Дисертації з теми "Time isolation"
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1
Abbott, Aaron. "The isolation of flowering time genes from lettuce to enable the manipulation of bolting time." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/35099/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The time of bolting is an important factor in lettuce production because it affects the yield and quality of the harvested crop. Bolting is promoted by higher temperatures and is an increasing problem for growers with the current trend for warmer summers. Lettuce plants that are in the early stages of bolting are visibly indistinguishable from non-bolting plants, however there are changes in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites which are produced to protect the young floral bud from insect attack. These compounds give the lettuce plant a bitter taste and render the crop unsaleable. The development of late bolting varieties, which would have a greater ‘holding ability’ in the field, would result in reduced crop losses and an extension to the growing season. In many plants, the timing of the transition from vegetative growth to flowering is controlled by environmental cues which serve to communicate growth conditions favourable for sexual reproduction and seed maturation. Studies in Arabidopsis have led to the identification of several different pathways that come together to regulate flowering time. Little research has been done on these response pathways in lettuce, however, research has shown that components of these pathways are conserved between Arabidopsis and other crop species. The aim of this project is to isolate genes regulating flowering time in lettuce in order that novel alleles of these genes can be used to manipulate bolting time. A lettuce BAC library has been screened and homologues of eight Arabidopsis flowering time genes, principally from the autonomous pathway, have been isolated. Functional orthologues of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and the autonomous pathway gene, FLK have been characterised in lettuce, suggesting that there is conservation of the genes involved in flowering time in Arabidopsis and lettuce. Lettuce lines with a range of bolting times, including lines which bolt significantly later than wild-type have been identified from EMS mutagenised populations of cultivated lettuce and a diversity set of wild lettuce. Homozygous lines from a Lactuca sativa cv. Larissa EMS population with a reproducible late bolting phenotype when tested under commercial growing conditions have been identified. These lines have been made available to Rijk Zwaan® for inclusion in future breeding programs aimed at delaying bolting and improving the ‘holding’ ability’ of commercial lettuce crops. Genomic sequence of selected lettuce flowering time genes have been compared between the late bolting lines and wild-type looking for polymorphisms that may account for the late bolting phenotype. Polymorphisms within these genes were identified in some of the late bolting lines, however through analysing the polymorphism in segregating backcross populations they have been shown not to be causing the late bolting phenotype. Transcriptome sequencing has also been performed to identify polymorphisms in other, possibly novel, genes which may be causing the late bolting phenotype, as yet, no mutation segregating within the late bolting lines has been identified.
2
Mazars, Emmanuel Francis Marie. "Robust fault detection and isolation for linear time-invariant dynamic systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437363.
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3
Montiel, Palma Virginia. "Photochemistry of ruthenium dihydride complexes : a matrix isolation and time-resolved study." Thesis, University of York, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270100.
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4
Jing, Wei. "Performance Isolation for Mixed Criticality Real-time System on Multicore with Xen Hypervisor." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-193603.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Multicore processors have imported the powerful computing capacity to real-time systems, allowing the multi-task execution on the co-running cores. Meanwhile, the competition for the shared resources among the on-die cores brings the side-effects which highly degrades the performance of single cores and puts the real-time requirements in danger. This thesis work is focused on addressing the memory access contentions on the real-time systems with mixed-criticality. A throttling algorithm is designed to control the memory access flows from the interfering side, securing the deadlines of critical tasks. We implemented the throttling framework on Xen Hypervisor and evaluated the overall isolating performance with a set of benchmarks. The results prove the effectiveness of our design.
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Li, Jinle. "Model checking transaction properties for concurrent real-time transactions in UPPAAL." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Inbyggda system, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-31782.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As a technique to ensure absence of undesired interference in transactional computations, Concurrency Control (CC) guarantees logical data consistency via providing transaction isolation, thus contributing to their dependability. However, single-version CC, which requires that a transaction system always works on the current version of a data item, may introduce unpredictable delays for real-time transactions because of unbounded blocking time which may cause deadline misses. Compared to single-version CC (current value of a data item is available but the historical values are overwritten and not accessible) mechanism, multi-version Concurrency Control (MVCC, historical values of a data item are maintained in a version list and accessible) mechanisms have several advantages. The benefit of multiple versions for concurrency control is helping the scheduler avoid rejecting operations, which could improve the concurrency for real-time transaction systems. Because transactions are less likely to be blocked using MVCC, timeliness could be improved. Transaction isolation levels, out of which the serializable one is the highest, control the degree of interference-freedom of concurrent transactions. Instead of serializable isolation, some MVCC mechanisms are known to achieve a relaxed level of isolation. In order to select an appropriate MVCC mechanism that guarantees both timeliness and an acceptable level of isolation for a given transaction set, trade-off analysis between isolation and timeliness is necessary. However, even though approaches have been proposed to analyze timeliness and isolation together, they only focus on lock-based single-version concurrency control algorithms, not on MVCC. In this thesis, we focus on modeling multi-version based real-time transaction system as a network of timed automata, and verify the consistency of the tradeoff transaction timeliness and isolation in UPPAAL. We propose a modular modeling approach to model real-time multi-version transaction systems by reusing and extending set of basic blocks. The proposed approach not only reduces the modeling efforts, but also enables easy adjustment for adapting current MVCC mechanism to another. Assuming a given transaction set, we model three MVCC algorithms including multi-version Timestamp Ordering, a variant of multi-version Two-Phase locking and a Two-Version Priority Ceiling Protocol, and verify both timeliness and isolation level. The verification results show that Two-Version Priority Ceiling Protocol outperforms the other two MVCC algorithms with the given transaction set.
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Midéus, Gustav, and Chavez Antonio Morales. "RISC-V Thread Isolation : Using Zephyr RTOS." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279100.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Many embedded systems lack a memory management unit (MMU) and thus often also lack protection of memory. This causes these systems to be less robust since the operating system (OS), processes, and threads are no longer isolated from each other. This is also a potential security issue and with the number of embedded systems rapidly increasing as a result of the rise of Internet of things (IoT), vulnerabilities like this could become a major problem. However, with a recent update to the RISC-V processor architecture, a possibility to isolate regions of memory without an MMU was introduced. This study aims to identify problems and possibilities of implementing such memory protection with RISC-V. Based on a study of literature and documentation on memory protection and the RISC-V architecture, a prototype was designed and implemented to determine potential problems and evaluate performance in terms of execution time and memory cost. The developed prototype showed aworking implementation of memory protection for the memory regions with RISC-V. The evaluation of the prototype demonstrated an increase in context switch execution time and memory usage. The results indicate that the implemented memory protection comes with an increased cost in performance with a constant factor and a small memory overhead. Therefore, it is recommended that implementations that wish to implement memory protection with RISC-V on smaller embedded systems where time and memory may be crucial takes the overhead in consideration. Further research and testing is needed to identify optimizations that could improve the performance as well as discover security flaws.Många inbyggda system saknar en enhet för minneshantering (s.k. MMU) och saknar därför oftast minnesskydd. Detta leder till att dessa system blir mindre robusta eftersom operativsystemet, processer och trådar inte längre är isolerade från varandra. Detta är också en säkerhetsbrist och med antalet inbyggda system som snabbt ökar på grund av tillväxten av Internet of things (IoT), så kan sårbarheter som denna bli ett stort problem. Med en nyligen introducerad uppdatering av RISC-Vprocessor arkitekturen, så introducerades en möjlighet till att isolera minne utan hjälp av en MMU. Denna studie syftar till att identifiera problem och möjligheter av att implementera sådant minneskydd med RISC-V. Baserat på en studie av litteratur och dokumentation om minnesskydd och RISC-V arkitekturen designades och implementerades en prototyp för att hjälpa till att fastställa problem och möjligheter samt göra en utvärdering med avseende på prestanda- och minneskostnader. Den utvecklade prototypen visade en fungerande implementering av minneskydd för minnesregioner med RISC-V. Utvärderingen av prototypen visade en ökad exekveringstid för kontextbyten och ökad minnesanvändning. Resultaten indikerar att det implementerade minneskyddet kommer med en ökad kostnad i prestanda med en konstant faktor och en liten omkostnad i minne. Därför rekommenderas att implementeringar som vill implementera minneskydd med RISC-V på mindre inbyggda system där tid och minne kan vara avgörande tar hänsyn till omkostnaderna. Ytterligare studier och tester behövs för att identifiera optimeringar som kan förbättra prestandan och upptäcka säkerhetsbrister.
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Osborne, Marilyn Huebener. "The Changing Isolation of the Outsider: A Time-based Analysis of Four Canadian Immigrant Writers." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24062.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis addresses four Canadian immigrant English-language prose writers in order to identify commonalities and differences in their literary representations of the immigrant experience over time. While origin and ethnicity factored in the selection of writers so as to ensure diversity, the primary selection criterion was to obtain a significant historical range, from the 1830s to the present. The writers selected are: Susanna Moodie, an immigrant from England in the mid-19th century; John Marlyn, an immigrant from Hungary in the early-20th century; Michael Ondaatje, an immigrant from Sri Lanka via England in the mid-20th century; and Rawi Hage, an immigrant from Lebanon via the US in the late-20th century. I conclude that there are significant similarities among the works of all four writers, generally attributable to their shared experience of being immigrants, and equally significant areas of divergence, generally attributable to the development of Canada, with Moodie and Marlyn on one side of an important watershed in the mid-1950s, and Ondaatje and Hage on the other. All four write extensively of the experience of the immigrant with a fundamental similarity in their depiction of isolation, non-belonging and dislocation. Over time, the representations of isolation have become more complex, mirroring the increasing diversity and complexity of Canadian society. The mid-1950s shift in Canadian immigration policy from preferred British, US, and Northern European immigration to multinational immigration has resulted in increased diversity of both the Canadian immigrant population and Canadian literature. While the environment of the immigrant to Canada changes, one constant has been and is likely to continue to be a sense of dislocation, non-belonging and isolation, of being an uninvited outsider, or survenant. Canadian literature has reflected this reality consistently for almost 200 years and will no doubt continue to do so.
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Metoldo, Valeria. "Virulence gene expression of three hypervirulent S. pyogenes M1T1 and membrane vesicles isolation." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3961.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The genus Steptococcus [Rosenbach, 1844] consists of catalase-negative, Gram-positive cocci which are arranged in pairs and chains and are usually facultatively anaerobic. Streptococci are a diverse collection of species inhabiting many body sites and they are both commensals and pathogens. In particular, nonpathogenic streptococci, are the most abundant bacterial species at the oropharyngeal level, and they have been found to exert an important role in the protection against pathogenic agents causing inflammation and infections [Tagg JR et al., 2003]. Much attention has recently been devoted to the analysis of the oral microbiota to develop bacteriotherapy focused on prevention and/or treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. In this regard, a key species is Streptococcus salivarius, a lactic acid bacterium that is mainly encountered in the mouths of human beings. It is the first commensal bacterium that appears in the oral cavity of newborns where it colonizes the upper respiratory tract [Aas JA et al., 2005] and persists there as a predominant member of the native microbiota throughout the life of its human and sole natural host [Favier CF et al., 2002]. Many LAB (Lactic Acid Bacteria) strains, including S.salivarius, are prolific producers of bacteriocins, which are an abundant and diverse group of ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria that kill or inhibit species closely related to the producer bacterium. Furthermore, according to several studies, large populations of S.salivarius efficiently adhere to oral epithelial cells, especially the papillary surface of the tongue that is a strategic location to carry out a population surveillance within the oral microbiota [Tagg JR et al., 1983; Wescombe PA et al., 2010 ]. The presence of an adhesion system such as pili, fibrils, saliva-binding proteins and host-cell-binding proteins, together with its high competition rate, helps this species to stay in the human mouth [Nobbs AH et al., 2009].
In our laboratory, during my PhD studies, we characterized one strain, S.salivarius 24SMBc, isolated from one healthy child that showed excellent inhibitory activity against S.pneumoniae and S.pyogenes and a potent capacity of adhesion to HEp-2 cells. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical evidence of a probiotic application of S.salivarius 24SMBc for the prevention or reduction of recurrent medium otite (OM) children [Santagati M et al., 2014]. Therefore, this strain was included in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind paediatric trial that involved 100 otitis prone children. This preliminary study showed a reduction of OM episodes in children who received the intranasal administration of this probiotic with respect to children treated with placebo [Santagati M et al., 2014].
The study of S.salivarius 24SMBc ended with the production and marketing of a new medical device, the Rinogermina nasal spray, in collaboration with D.M.G s.r.l Italy.
Streptococci, as mentioned above, include both nonpathogenic and pathogenic bacteria. In particular, Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci, GAS) is an exclusive human bacterial pathogen. The virulence potential of this species is tremendous. Interactions with humans range from asymptomatic carriage over mild and superficial infections of skin and mucosal membranes up to systemic purulent toxic-invasive disease manifestations [Fiedler T et al., 2015]. Simultaneously with the study of S.salivarius 24SMBc, my PhD project focalized on global regulation of virulence expression genes of three hypervirulent strains of Streptococcus pyogenes [Santagati M et al., 2014] and their eventual production of membrane vesicles like new delivery system of virulence-associated components.
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Capitanu, Calin. "Fault Detection, Isolation and Recovery : Analysis of two scheduling algorithms." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300128.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Unmanned, as well as manned space missions have seen a high failure rate in the early era of space technology. However, this decreased a lot since technology advanced and engineers learnt from previous experiences and improved critical real time systems with fault detection mechanisms. Fault detection, isolation and recovery, nowadays, is generally available in every flying device. However, the cost of hardware can bottleneck the process of creating such a system that is both robust and responsive. This thesis analyses the possibility of implementing a fault detection, isolation and recovery system inside of a single-threaded, cooperative scheduling operating system. The thesis suggests a cooperative implementation of such a system, where every task is responsible for parts of the fault detection. The analysis is done from both the integration layer, across the operating system and its tasks, as well as from the inside of the detection system, where two key components are implemented and analyzed: debug telemetry and operation modes. Results show that it is possible to implement a fault detection system that is spread across all the components of the satellite and acts cooperatively. Furthermore, the comparison with a traditional, dedicated fault detection system proves that errors can be caught faster with a cooperative mechanism.Obemannade såväl som bemannade rymduppdrag har sett ett högt misslyckande i rymdteknikens tidiga era. Detta har dock förbättrats mycket sedan ingenjörer började lära sig av sina tidigare erfarenheter och utrustade kritiska realtidssystem med feldetekteringsmekanismer. Idag är alla flygande enheter utrustade med feldetekterings-, isolerings- och återställningsmekanismer. Däremot kan kostnaden för hårdvara vara ett problem för processen att skapa ett sådant system som är både robust och mottagligt. Denna uppsats analyserar möjligheten att implementera ett feldetekterings-, isolerings- och återställningssystem inuti ett enkelgängat samarbetsplaneringssystem. Denna uppsats föreslår ett samarbete för implementering av ett sådant system, där varje uppgift ansvarar för delar av feldetekteringen. Analysen görs från både integrationsskiktet, över operativsystemet och dess uppgifter, samt från insidan av detekteringssystemet, där två nyckelkomponenter implementeras och analyseras. Resultaten visar att det är möjligt att implementera ett feldetekteringssystem som täcker alla satellitkomponenter och som är mottaglig. Dessutom visar jämförelsen med ett traditionellt, dedikerat feldetekteringssystem att fel kan fångas snabbare med en mottagligmekanism.
Misiunile spat,iale cu oameni, atât cât s, i fara oameni, au avut o rata a es, ecurilor destul de ridicata în perioada init,iala a erei tehnologiei spat,iale. În schimb, aceasta a scazut semnificativ odata cu dezvoltarea tehnologiei, dar s, i datorita faptului ca inginerii au învat,at din experient,ele precendente s, i au îmbunatat, it sistemele critice în timp real cu mecanisme de detect,ie a erorilor. Sisteme de detect,ie, izolare s, i recuperare din erori sunt disponibile astazi în aproape toate sistemele spat,iale. Însa, costul echipamentelor poate împiedica crearea unor astfel de sisteme de detect,ie, care sa fie robuste s, i responsive. Aceasta teza analizeaza posibilitatea implementarii unui sistem de detect,ie, izolare s, i recuperare de la erori într-un satelit care este echipat cu un procesor cu un singur fir de execut,ie, care are un sistem de planificare cooperativ în sistemul de operare. Aceasta teza sugereaza o implementare cooperativa a unui astfel de sistem, unde fiecare proces este responsabil de câte o parte din detectarea erorilor. Analiza este realizata atât din perspectiva integrarii în sistemul de operare s, i procesele acestuia, cât s, i din interiorul acestui sistem de detect,ie, unde doua elemente importante sunt implementate s, i analizate: telemetria de depanare s, i modurile de operare. Rezultatele arata faptul ca este posibila implementarea unui sistem de detect,ie care este împart, it în toate componentele sistemului unui satelit s, i se comporta cooperativ. Mai departe, comparat,ia cu un sistem tradit,ional, dedicat, de detect,ie a erorilor arata ca erorile pot fi detectate mai rapid cu un sistem cooperativ.
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Devadason, Tarith Navendran. "The virtual time function and rate-based schedulers for real-time communications over packet networks." University of Western Australia. School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
[Truncated abstract] The accelerating pace of convergence of communications from disparate application types onto common packet networks has made quality of service an increasingly important and problematic issue. Applications of different classes have diverse service requirements at distinct levels of importance. Also, these applications offer traffic to the network with widely variant characteristics. Yet a common network is expected at all times to meet the individual communication requirements of each flow from all of these application types. One group of applications that has particularly critical service requirements is the class of real-time applications, such as packet telephony. They require both the reproduction of a specified timing sequence at the destination, and nearly instantaneous interaction between the users at the endpoints. The associated delay limits (in terms of upper bound and variation) must be consistently met; at every point where these are violated, the network transfer becomes worthless, as the data cannot be used at all. In contrast, other types of applications may suffer appreciable deterioration in quality of service as a result of slower transfer, but the goal of the transfer can still largely be met. The goal of this thesis is to evaluate the potential effectiveness of a class of packet scheduling algorithms in meeting the specific service requirements of real-time applications in a converged network environment. Since the proposal of Weighted Fair Queueing, there have been several schedulers suggested to be capable of meeting the divergent service requirements of both real-time and other data applications. ... This simulation study also sheds light on false assumptions that can be made about the isolation produced by start-time and finish-time schedulers based on the deterministic bounds obtained. The key contributions of this work are as follows. We clearly show how the definition of the virtual time function affects both delay bounds and delay distributions for a real-time flow in a converged network, and how optimality is achieved. Despite apparent indications to the contrary from delay bounds, the simulation analysis demonstrates that start-time rate-based schedulers possess useful characteristics for real-time flows that the traditional finish-time schedulers do not. Finally, it is shown that all the virtual time rate-based schedulers considered can produce isolation problems over multiple hops in networks with high loading. It becomes apparent that the benchmark First-Come-First-Served scheduler, with spacing and call admission control at the network ingresses, is a preferred arrangement for real-time flows (although lower priority levels would also need to be implemented for dealing with other data flows).
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Lindberg, Benjamin. "Predation as a driver of reproductive isolation : Differences in predation risk between whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) spawning habitats." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184959.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The origin and maintenance of much of natural biodiversity can likely be explained by theecological speciation theory. Ecological speciation is defined as the process whenreproductive isolation arises through divergent selection caused by ecological factors, such asbiotic interactions and abiotic conditions. Many populations of European whitefish(Coregonus lavaretus) are currently going through sympatric speciation from a single littoralecotype to two or more ecologically separate ecotypes. It has been hypothesized that northernpike (Esox lucius) is promoting speciation in whitefish by exposing it to a trade-off betweenpredation risk and resource availability causing an initial divergence in size eventuallyleading to two or more ecologically and genetically distinct ecotypes. After initial divergencesmall whitefish ecotypes often abandon ancestral spawning sites to spawn in streams or deepwater suggesting that the ecotypes are at least partially reproductively isolated. The driver ofthis reproductive isolation could be predation risk as pike mainly forage in the littoral. If thisis true, we would expect to find significantly higher predation risk for small whitefish at thelittoral spawning sites than on alternative spawning sites. To test this idea, hooks baited withsmall whitefish was placed at different spawning sites during the fall spawning season andchecked every 12 hour for 36 hours. Relative predation risk for small whitefish wassignificantly higher at the ancestral littoral spawning sites than at stream spawning sites. Inaddition, there was a significant decrease in predation risk later in the spawning season. Thisindicates that predation is promoting reproductive isolation in European whitefish byselecting against small individuals spawning at littoral spawning sites, but potentially also byselecting for delaying spawning in small individuals in the littoral. To fully understand thespeciation process in this system more studies must be done considering the complexity ofthe speciation process. Because of the lack of studies investigating predation as a cause ofbehavioral changes, that in turn promotes reproductive isolation, future studies should putmore emphasis on predation as a possible driver of reproductive isolation.
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Florence, Dennis E. "Time and frequency domain synthesis in the optimal design of shock and vibration isolation for large structural systems." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/9078.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe dynamic analysis of large, complex structural systems is computationally intensive and therefore prohibits the use of optimization procedures, which are both iterative and complex with respect to variable search patterns. The solution to this problem is through the use of time and frequency synthesis techniques. They provide a means of rapidly recalculating a system's changed response due to structural modifications, as dictated by the optimization procedure. The efficiency is gained through the fact that the synthesis methods are independent of model size, in that only those model degrees of freedom where changes are made are required in the analysis. Furthermore, these methods are exact in their formulation, including the treatment of non- proportional damping. These structural synthesis techniques are developed in the context of optimal design of shock and vibration isolation systems. Their utility and value is demonstrated in the optimal design of an isolation system for a 109 dof non-proportionally damped structural system. In the course of the optimization, the synthesis techniques make possible 80 transient, frequency response, and static analyses in 2 hours and 39 minutes (desktop computer), while yielding an isolation design which satisfies all design constraints
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Huffman, Michaela. "Biological Variation in South American Populations using Dental Non-Metric Traits: Assessment of Isolation by Time and Distance." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407958702.
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Evans, Thomas George. "Isolation of Cytokinin Biosynthesis and Metabolic Genes from White Clover (Trifolium repens L)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Science, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4821.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The factors influencing senescence in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) are of considerable importance to the pastoral sector of New Zealand’s economy. The plant hormones, ethylene and the cytokinins, have been implicated as having opposing influences on senescence. This project focused on the cytokinins. The rate limiting step in cytokinin biosynthesis is catalysed by isopentenyl transferase (IPT) and the primary enzyme in the degradation of cytokinins is cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX). Both IPT and CKX genes are present as multi-gene families. A reduction in the level of active cytokinins either via a decrease in IPT expression, or an increase in CKX expression, or both, would implicate the cytokinins in developmental leaf senescence in white clover.
White clover grows in a sequential pattern with leaves at all stages of development making it a good model for studying leaf development and senescence. A decrease in leaf chlorophyll is used as a marker for the onset of senescence. A micro-scale chlorophyll analysis was developed using the NanoDrop™ thus allowing tissue from the same leaflet to be used for gene expression and chlorophyll measurements. The pattern of chlorophyll changes was similar to that shown by Hunter et al.(1999) and Yoo et al.(2003) in white clover stolons used for ethylene research. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) and BLAST analysis was used to identify five putative IPT genes and seven putative CKX genes from white clover. RT-PCR demonstrated the expression of seven of these genes (TrIPT1. TrIPT13, TrIPT15 TrCKX1, TrCKX2, TrCKX6). Analysis with quantitative real-time PCR showed expression of TrCKX2 increased markedly during leaf expansion and was consistently high during senescence, suggesting a potential role for CKX in facilitating the progression of senescence.
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Macháček, Ondřej. "Magnetorheological Strut for Vibration Isolation System of Space Launcher." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391819.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Práce se zabývá návrhem magnetoreologické (MR) vzpěry vibroizolačního systému (VIS) pro kosmický nosič. V rešeršní části jsou popsány vybrané VIS a vzpěry těchto systémů, které byly v kosmických nosičích využity v minulosti. Každá z těchto vzpěr obsahující kapalinu byla těsněna pomocí statických těsnění a pružných vlnovců vyrobených z oceli. Důkladněji byla analyzována vzpěra pasivního systému VIS s označením ELVIS, jehož konstrukce se stala inspirací pro tuto práci. Jedná se o tříparametrický systém, v němž je tlumič uložen na pružině, jejíž tuhost přibližně odpovídá objemové tuhosti vlnovců respektive jejímu průmětu do axiálního směru (pressure thrust stiffness). V práci je představena metodika pro stanovení “pressure thrust stiffness” na základě geometrie vlnovce a také uvedeny parametry vlnovce díky kterým je možné měnit poměr mezi axiální a “pressure thrust stiffness” vlnovce. Tento poměr ovlivňuje v dané koncepci vzpěry její dynamické chování a tím i chování celého VIS. Pro predikci dynamického chování vzpěry byl vytvořen multi-body model VIS založeného na Stewartově plošině a detailnější model jediné vzpěry. Simulace provedené v tomto modelu odhalily parametry, které mají vliv na výkonost tlumiče ve VIS: časová odezva a dynamický rozsah. Díky modelu byl určen rozsah těchto parametrů, ve kterých bude zaručena efektivní funkce vzpěry ve VIS, konkrétně: časová odezva: 0-5ms, dynamický rozsah: 5-10. Před finálním návrhem vzpěry byla sestrojena vzpěra experimentální vzpěra, jejíž parametry byly přesně naměřeny a využity pro verifikaci jednotlivých modelů. Poznatky získané během experimentů byly využity při návrhu finální vzpěry. Jeden z nejdůležitějších poznatků byla nutnost náhrady feritového magnetického obvodu s ohledem na jeho křehkost. Proto byl odvozen tvarový přístup k navrhování rychlých magnetických obvodů z oceli s využitím 3D tisku, který byl následně patentován. Navržená vzpěra obsahuje magnetoreologický ventil jehož odezva je predikována na 1.2 ms a dynamický rozsah 10. V závěru práce je představena metodika, díky které byla vzpěra navržena.
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Lindberg, Stina. "Evaluation of a genomic work flow for the detection of Bacillus subtilis in animal feed and food samples." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6345.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Bacillus anthracis is one of the most feared agents of biological warfare and causes the
deadly disease called anthrax. SVA (statens veterinärmedicinska anstalt) is working on a
project together with SLV (statens livsmedelsverk) where the target is to find rapid and
effective detection methods for Bacillus anthracis in animal feed and food samples. Bacillus
subtilis, which is harmless, was used in this study as a model organism to Bacillus anthracis.
A known concentration of vegetative Bacillus subtilis was spiked in animal feed and food
samples. The genomic work flow was based on automated DNA isolation and real time PCR.
The aim of the study was to screen for inhibitory components in the animal feed and food
samples using two different DNA isolation robots; Magnatrix 8000 and Biorobot EZ1. The
results showed that DNA of high quality was extracted from the samples with both robots.
However, the CT-value generated by the real time PCR showed considerable variation
depending on the sample matrix. Some samples, for instance egg and liver, were problematic
and gave low concentrations and high CT-values probably due to inhibitory components in the
samples. Further studies will be needed to solve these problems and optimize the methods that
were used in this study.
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Cetinkaya, Suleyman. "Repetitive Control Of A Three-phase Uninterruptible Power Supply With Isolation Transformer." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608150/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A repetitive control method for output voltage control of a three phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) with isolation transformer is investigated. In the method voltage control loop is employed in the stationary dq frame. The controller eliminates the periodic errors on the output voltages due to inverter voltage nonlinearity and load disturbances. The controller design and implementation details are given. The controller is implemented on a 5-kVA UPS prototype which is
constructed in laboratory. Linear and nonlinear loads for balanced and unbalanced load operating conditions are considered. The steady-state and dynamic performance of the control method are investigated in detail. The theory of the control strategy is verified by means of simulations and experiments.
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Pollard, Barry James. "The matrix isolation-IR and time-of-flight mass spectrometric study of metal-containing chemical intermediates formed in a DC electrical discharge." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30034.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A new instrument has been designed and constructed to combine matrix isolation infra-red spectroscopy with an electrical discharge supersonic nozzle. The principal aim of this apparatus was to study reactive metal-containing molecules by fragmentation and/or cathode sputtering inside the nozzle. The discharge of chromium and molybdenum hexacarbonyls has been studied by isolating the products in argon matrices. IR spectroscopy was used to identify Cr(CO)n (n = 5,4) and Mo(CO)m (m = 5-3), the first time these metal carbonyls have been produced by discharge fragmentation. The discharge fragmentation of the group 13 metal trialkyls, A1(CH3)3 and Ga(CH3)3 has been investigated. For trimethylaluminium (TMA), which is mainly dimeric at room temperature, the major product was monomeric TMA. No new metal-containing intermediates were identified due to the congested nature of the IR spectra. However, in comparable experiments on trimethylgallium (TMG) which is a monomer under normal conditions, monomethylgallium, GaCH3, has been observed. There have been no previous spectroscopic reports of this molecule. The spectra were assigned with the aid of isotopic substitution studies, as well as ab initio calculations. The final chapter details other tests carried out in the commissioning of the experiment. These have included tests carried out to ascertain the extent of fragmentation in the discharge, the sputtering of metal atoms in the discharge, and the introduction of a time-of-flight spectrometer for rapid optimisation of the discharge conditions.
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Farfan-Ramos, Luis. "Real-time Fault Diagnosis of Automotive Electrical Power Generation and Storage System." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1303129393.
Повний текст джерела
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Almesbah, Latifa. "Proteomic comparison of Amoxicillin resistant and susceptible periodontal Provotella Intermedia and Provotella Nigrescens clinical isolation with Matrix-Assisted Laser Disportion Ionization Time-Of-/flight mass spectrometry." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/331961.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Oral BiologyM.S.
Objectives: Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens are dark-pigmented, non-motile, anaerobic rods regarded as important bacterial pathogens in the etiology and progression of human chronic periodontitis. Because the bacterial species may not be adequately suppressed in the subgingival microbiota of chronic periodontitis lesions by conventional mechanical root debridement when present in high cultivable proportions, systemic and/or local periodontal chemotherapy is often employed to reduce their subgingival numbers to levels compatible with periodontal health. However, many clinical isolates of P. intermedia and P. nigrescens may exhibit resistance to β-lactam antibiotics prescribed in periodontal therapy via expression of β-lactamase enzymes. Conventional methods of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing entail cultivation of targeted bacterial species, with evaluations of whether or not the organism is capable of growing in the presence of critical thresholds of test antibiotics, such as β-lactam antibiotics. Because such conventional in vitro antibiotic testing is time-consuming, expensive, and labor-intensive, there is an urgent clinical need for more rapid assays to determine the susceptibility or resistance of important periodontal pathogens, such as P. intermedia and P. nigrescens, to contemplated periodontal antimicrobial chemotherapy. In this regard, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, and associated analytic software for the definitive identification P. intermedia and P. nigrescens in clinical specimens, has been approved for clinical microbiology diagnostic use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration. This methodology relies upon evaluations of bacterial protein profiles for microbial species identification. Since β-lactamase enzymes conferring bacterial resistance to β-lactam antibiotics are proteins, it is possible that MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry may be able to reliably detect characteristic differences in protein profiles of microorganisms elaborating and not elaborating β-lactamase enzymes. Thus, the potential exists that protein profiles generated by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry may be used to rapidly distinguish between antibiotic-resistant versus susceptible strains of bacterial species without employing time-consuming, expensive, and labor-intensive culture and in vitro drug testing. As a result, this study aimed carry out a proteomic comparison of amoxicillin-resistant and susceptible periodontal P. intermedia and P. nigrescens clinical isolates with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Methods: A total of 10 amoxicillin-resistant and two amoxicillin-susceptible fresh clinical subgingival isolates of P. intermedia, and 10 amoxicillin-resistant and one amoxicillin-susceptible clinical subgingival isolates of P. nigrescens, were recovered by culture and identified to species level with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry from the subgingival dental plaque biofilms of adults with severe chronic periodontitis. The amoxicillin-resistant clinical isolates of P. intermedia and P. nigrescens exhibited growth on anaerobically-incubated enriched Brucella blood agar primary isolation culture plates supplemented with amoxicillin at 8 μg/ml, whereas no growth on these plates was found with amoxicillin-susceptible strains. Normalized raw mass spectra, as well as normalized peak list spectrum representations, generated by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry within a routine operating range of 2-20 kDa were visually compared for the amoxicillin-resistant and amoxicillinsusceptible P. intermedia and P. nigrescens clinical isolates, to see if there were consistently reproducible differences in their distribution of mass spectra peaks. Results: Visual comparisons of normalized raw mass spectra, and normalized peak list spectrum, for amoxicillin-susceptible and amoxicillin-resistant subgingival clinical isolates of both P. intermedia and P. nigrescens failed to reveal consistently reproducible differences in their distribution of mass spectra peaks within a routine MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry operating range of 2-20 kDa. Conclusions: Visual examination of raw mass spectra and mass spectra peaks generated by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry within a routine operating range of 2-20 kDa failed to reveal noteworthy differences between amoxicillin-resistant and amoxicillin-susceptible subgingival clinical isolates of P. intermedia and P. nigrescens. These findings indicate that use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry employed within a routine operating range of 2-20 kDa may not provide sufficient differentiation in protein profiles between amoxicillin-resistant and amoxicillin-susceptible Prevotella species to be of rapid diagnostic use for assessing the species in vitro antibiotic susceptibility to β- lactam antibiotics. Additional evaluation of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry employing higher kDa ranges beyond a routine upper operating range of 20 kDa is warranted to further evaluate its potential to accurately identify antibiotic-resistant versus susceptible strains of pathogenic microorganisms.
Temple University--Theses
21
Reyhanogullari, Naim Eser. "Vertical Ground Motion Influence On Seismically Isolated &." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611785/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this study influences of vertical ground motion on seismically isolated bridges were investigated for seven different earthquake data. One assessment of bearing effect involves the calculation of vertical earthquake load on the seismically isolated bridges. This paper investigates the influence of vertical earthquake excitation on the response of briefly steel girder composite bridges (SCB) with and without seismic isolation through specifically selected earthquakes. In detail, the bridge is composed of 30m long three spans, concrete double piers at each axis supported by mat foundations with pile systems. At both end of the spans
there exists concrete abutments to support superstructure of the bridge. SCBs which were seismically isolated with nine commonly preferred different lead‐
rubber bearings (LRB) under each steel girder were analyzed. Then, the comparisons were made with a SCB without seismic isolation. Initially, a preliminary design was made and reasonable sections for the bridge have been obtained. As a result of this, the steel girder bridge sections were checked with AASHTO provisions and analytical model was updated accordingly. Earthquake records were thought as the main loading sources. Hence both cases were exposed to tri&
#8208
axial earthquake loads in order to understand the effects under such circumstances. Seven near fault earthquake data were selected by considering possession of directivity. Several runs using the chosen earthquakes were performed in order to be able to derive satisfactory comparisons between different types of isolators. Analytical calculations were conducted using well known structural analysis software (SAS) SAP2000. Nonlinear time history analysis was performed using the analytical model of the bridge with and without seismic isolation. Response data collected from SAS was used to determine the vertical load on the piers and middle span midspan moment on the steel girders due to the vertical and horizontal component of excitation. Comparisons dealing with the effects of horizontal only and horizontal plus vertical earthquake loads were introduced.
22
Šurková, Alice. "Optimalizace izolace DNA jogurtových kultur a její detekce pomocí RT-PCR." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376848.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis has optimized DNA isolation from pure yoghurt cultures and yoghurt products. The isolated DNA was than subjected to RT-PCR analysis. In the first part of the thesis, DNA isolation from pure yoghurt cultures using a commercial kit was evaluated as more effective than isolation by phenol extraction and magnetic microparticles. To assess the quality and quantity of DNA obtained the spectrophotometric determination of concentration and purity and qPCR were used. DNA of a total of ten pure yoghurt cultures in a quality suitable for PCR was obtained using the commercial kit. In the second part of the thesis, bacterial DNA was isolated from yoghurt products using the same commercial kit with a previous sample washing by lysation solution. DNA of six yoghurt products was isolated this way. Furthermore, two packages of homemade yoghurt were mad of each product, of which DNA was isolated in the same way. DNA obtained from yoghurts was subjected to RT-PCR using six pairs of primers (V3_F a V3_R, V6_F a V6_R, V1_F a V1_R, GroHRM_F a GroHRM_R, UPF a UPR, P1V1 a P2V1) and using the pure cultures DNA as a positive controls. The results confirmed the presence of cultures declared in each yoghurt and their ability to multiply after inoculation into a new medium (milk).
23
Ondrejková, Martina. "Použití PCR v reálném čase pro charakterizaci nosičů používaných pro izolaci DNA." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-295684.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis was focused on core-shell type magnetic carriers, used mainly in medical, molecular-biological and biochemical applications. Encapsulation of the core is essential for these applications due to the decrease od non-specific protein adsorbtion, increase of biocompatibility and the possible functionalization of magnetic carriers. In the experimental part, the DNA (E. coli) was amplified by real-time PCR in the presence of poly(hydroxymethacrylate-co-glycidylmethacrylate) (P(HEMA-co-GMA)) magnetic carriers with/without carboxyl groups. The inhibitory effect of different concentrations of magnetic carriers in the PCR mixture was evaluated from the calibration curve parameter values obtained by regression analysis. The presence of a specific PCR product was verified by agarose gel electrophoresis. Most of magnetic carriers without carboxyl groups extinguished the fluorescence in the concentration range of 2,0 – 4,0 g.l-1 in the PCR mixture, without inhibition of DNA amplification - the carriers were biocompatible. Magnetic carriers with carboxyl groups extinguished the fluorescence in the lower concentration range (0,4 – 4,0 g.l-1 in the PCR mixture). Their inhibition of amplification was in the concentration range of 2,0 – 4,0 g.l-1 in the PCR mixture, from the concentration 0,8 g.l-1 in the PCR mixture, the inhibition did not occur and the carriers were biocompatible. The results do not depend on the characteristic properties of the magnetic carriers but on the presence of the carboxyl groups on the surface of the carrier and the degree of coverage of the magnetic core by the polymer. Real-time PCR has become an effective tool for studying magnetic core encapsulation and the influence of functional groups on the surface of the polymeric layer.
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Masters, Tyler J. "Subjective Well-Being, Sport Performance, Training Load and Life Experiences of College Athletes." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1244822249.
Повний текст джерела
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Bonczek, Ondřej. "Izolace DNA z probiotických výrobků s využitím pevných nosičů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216691.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Microbial DNA was isolated from lysed cells of Lactobacillus genus in probiotic products. Reversible adsorption DNA on the surface of carboxyl coated nonporous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(HEMA-co-GMA)) magnetic particles and silicagel coated manganase Perovskite nanoparticles. DNA was adsorbed on the surface of the particles in the presence of 16 % poly(ethylenglycol) (PEG 6000) and 2 M sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations. The adsorbed DNA was released from particles by low ionic strength TE buffer (pH= 8.0). The quality of isolated DNA was checked by spectrofotometric measurement and PCR amplification. DNA samples isolated using magnetic particles and phenol extraction method (control method) were PCR-ready. The DNA isolated from lysed cells of probiotic products was quantificated in real-time qPCR.
26
Mizzi, Raphaël. "Mécanismes cognitifs et substrat neuronal de la hérarchisation de la saillance et de la progression de l'attention : approche psychophysique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2122/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lorsque le système visuel est confronté à un nouvel environnement, un nombre trop important d’informations lui parvient en même temps. De façon précoce, avant tout mouvement oculaire, l’attention explore automatiquement la scène pour sélectionner les éléments d’intérêt. Des recherches récentes ont montré que cette exploration du champ visuel ne se faisait pas aléatoirement, mais se basait sur la saillance des éléments visuels. La saillance est une caractéristique qui émerge de la comparaison des éléments visuels entre eux, par exemple une fleur jaune dans un jardin de fleurs rouges va être considérée comme plus saillante que son voisinage. En permanence et de façon continue, une hiérarchie des éléments est établie à un niveau préattentif ; ils sont triés du plus au moins saillant, et l’attention se base sur cet organisation pour progresser dans le champ visuel. Les recherches présentées dans ce document avaient pour objectif d’investiguer les mécanismes de ce phénomène : quels sont les mécanismes cognitifs impliqués dans la progression de l’attention sur la base de la hiérarchie de la saillance ? Le présent document regroupe des articles qui cherchent à répondre à cette question grâce à des travaux en Psychologie expérimentale. Par ailleurs, de nombreux travaux de Psychologie, Neurophysiologie et Neuroimagerie se sont penchés sur le substrat neural de l’attention visuelle et ont révélé un ensemble de structures clés qui sous-tendraient les mécanismes responsables des fonctions attentionnelles. Cependant, vis-à-vis de la progression de l’attention sur la base de la saillance, seule une étude récente a pu apporter des indices quant au rôle de certaines voies visuelles. Les recherches présentées ici avaient donc également pour objectif de définir ces voies visuelles et les structures corticales et sous-corticales qui les composent, pour investiguer leurs rôles dans la hiérarchie de la saillance et la progression de l’attention. Le présent document regroupe des travaux qui ont exploré ces aspects par le biais de l’approche Psychophysique et ElectroencéphalographiqueWhen confronted to a new environment, the visual system faces too much information intake and cannot process it all at once. Before any eye movement, early automatic attention explores the visual scene in order to select relevant items.Recent research revealed that the exploration of the visual scene is not a random process, but is based on the respective saliency of the items in the field. Salience is not a characteristic of an item per se but is emerging as a result of the comparison between an item and its visual neighborhood. For instance, a yellow flower in a garden of red flowers will be considered as more salient than the others in its visual neighborhood. Thus, a hierarchical ordering of the items is continuously established in a preattentive stage, and consists in a sorting of every element from the most to the least salient. Attention, then, relies on this hierarchy to progress in the visual field. The present dissertation had for objective to investigate the cognitive mechanisms involved in this phenomenon: what mechanisms support the salience-based progression of visual attention? Several papers are reported here and explored this question with experimental Psychology.Moreover, numerous works in Psychology, Neurophysiology and Neuroimaging took interest in the neural substrate of visual attention and revealed several key-structures that would subtend the mechanisms involved in attentional functions. However, when it comes to the salience-based progression of attention, only one study could bring cues of the involvement of certain visual pathways in this phenomenon. Another objective of the present dissertation was to define the cortical and sub-cortical structures that constitute those pathways, in order to explore their roles in the salience-base progression of attention. Several papers in the present report are investigating this aspect through Psychophysics and Electroencephalography studies
27
Marrs, Nicholas Reidar. "Seismic Performance Comparison of a Fixed-Base versus a Base-Isolated Office Building." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The topic of this thesis is base isolation. The purpose of this thesis is to offer a relative understanding of the seismic performance enhancements that a typical 12-story steel office building can achieve through the implementation of base isolation technology. To reach this understanding, the structures of a fixed-base office building and a base-isolated office building of similar size and layout are designed, their seismic performance is compared, and a cost-benefit analysis is completed. The base isolation system that is utilized is composed of Triple Friction Pendulum (TFP) bearings.
The work of this thesis is divided into four phases. First, in the building selection phase, the structural systems (SMF and SCBF), layout, location (San Diego, CA), and design parameters of the buildings are selected. Then, in the design phase, each structure is designed using modal response spectrum analysis in ETABS. In the analysis phase, nonlinear time history analyses at DBE and MCE levels are conducted in PERFORM-3D to obtain the related floor accelerations and interstory drifts. Finally, in the performance assessment phase, probable damage costs are computed using fragility curves and FEMA P-58 methodology in PACT. Damage costs are computed for each building and seismic demand level and the results are compared.
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Srinivasan, Vijay. "Mobility Analysis of Structure-borne Noise Paths in a Simplified Rotorcraft Gearbox System." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276884944.
Повний текст джерела
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Tomanová, Barbora. "Analýza mikrobiálního složení vybraných probiotických výrobků metodou PCR-HRM." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-295717.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work was focused on the detection of probiotic bacteria in four different probiotic products (probiotic cream, probiotic tampons, oral probiotics and soy beverages with probiotics). The viability of the bacteria contained in the products was verified. Complex matrices of the products were used to isolate DNA in a quality suitable for the PCR method, followed by identification of the declared bacterial genus and species. Amplification was achieved with conventional PCR and real-time PCR, genus- and species-specific primers were used. Bacteria, of the genus Lactobacillus and Bacillus and bacterial species Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus gasseri, were proven to be within the products. Subsequently, the DNA from mixed bacterial species in the probiotic tampon were distinguished using PCR-HRM. Five sets of primers were used to test this. Two sets of primers (primers P1V1, P2V1 and V1F-HRM, V1R-HRM) were evaluated as the most suitable for resolution.
30
Golzan, Seyyed Behnam. "Simplified design method for energy dissipating devices in retrofitting of seismically isolated bridges." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8948.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract: Highway bridges have great values in a country because in case of any natural disaster they may serve as lines to save people’s lives. Being vulnerable under significant seismic loads, different methods can be considered to design resistant highway bridges and rehabilitate the existing ones. In this study, base isolation has been considered as one efficient method in this regards which in some cases reduces significantly the seismic load effects on the structure. By reducing the ductility demand on the structure without a notable increase of strength, the structure is designed to remain elastic under seismic loads. The problem associated with the isolated bridges, especially with elastomeric bearings, can be their excessive displacements under service and seismic loads. This can defy the purpose of using elastomeric bearings for small to medium span typical bridges where expansion joints and clearances may result in significant increase of initial and maintenance cost. Thus, supplementing the structure with dampers with some stiffness can serve as a solution which in turn, however, may increase the structure base shear. The main objective of this thesis is to provide a simplified method for the evaluation of optimal parameters for dampers in isolated bridges. Firstly, performing a parametric study, some directions are given for the use of simple isolation devices such as elastomeric bearings to rehabilitate existing bridges with high importance. Parameters like geometry of the bridge, code provisions and the type of soil on which the structure is constructed have been introduced to a typical two span bridge. It is concluded that the stiffness of the substructure, soil type and special provisions in the code can determine the employment of base isolation for retrofitting of bridges. Secondly, based on the elastic response coefficient of isolated bridges, a simplified design method of dampers for seismically isolated regular highway bridges has been presented in this study. By setting objectives for reduction of displacement and base shear variation, the required stiffness and damping of a hysteretic damper can be determined. By modelling a typical two span bridge, numerical analyses have followed to verify the effectiveness of the method. The method has been used to identify equivalent linear parameters and subsequently, nonlinear parameters of hysteretic damper for various designated scenarios of displacement and base shear requirements. Comparison of the results of the nonlinear numerical model without damper and with damper has shown that the method is sufficiently accurate. Finally, an innovative and simple hysteretic steel damper was designed. Five specimens were fabricated from two steel grades and were tested accompanying a real scale elastomeric isolator in the structural laboratory of the Université de Sherbrooke. The test procedure was to characterize the specimens by cyclic displacement controlled tests and subsequently to test them by real-time dynamic substructuring (RTDS) method. The test results were then used to establish a numerical model of the system which went through nonlinear time history analyses under several earthquakes. The outcome of the experimental and numerical showed an acceptable conformity with the simplified method.Résumé: Les ponts routiers ont une grande valeur dans un pays parce qu’en cas de catastrophe naturelle, ils peuvent servir comme des lignes pour sauver des vies. Étant vulnérable sous des charges sismiques importantes, on peut considérer différentes méthodes pour concevoir des ponts routiers résistants et également pour réhabiliter des ponts existants. Dans cette étude, l'isolation de la base a été considérée comme une méthode efficace qui peut réduire significativement les effets des charges sismiques sur la structure. En réduisant la demande en ductilité sur la structure sans une augmentation notable de force, la structure est conçue pour rester élastique sous des charges sismiques. Le problème associé aux ponts isolés, particulièrement avec des appuis en élastomère, peut être leurs déplacements excessifs sous les charges de service et de séisme. Ceci peut défier l’objectif d'utiliser des appuis en élastomère pour les ponts typiques de petite portée où les joints de dilatation et les dégagements peuvent aboutir à une augmentation significative des frais d'exploitation et de maintenance. Ainsi, supplémenter la structure avec des amortisseurs d’une certaine rigidité peut servir de solution, ce qui peut cependant augmenter l’effort tranchant transmis à la sous-structure. Cette étude a pour but de fournir une méthode simplifiée afin d’évaluer les paramètres optimaux des amortisseurs dans les ponts isolés. Dans cette thèse, premièrement, basé sur une étude paramétrique, quelques directions sont données pour l'utilisation de dispositifs d'isolation simples, dont les appuis en élastomère, afin de réhabiliter des ponts existant avec une haute importance. Les paramètres comme la géométrie du pont, les clauses des normes et le type de sol sur lequel la structure est construite ont été appliqués sur un pont typique de deux portées. Il est conclu que les paramètres mentionnés peuvent déterminer l'emploi d'isolement de la base des ponts routiers. À la deuxième phase, basé sur le coefficient de réponse élastique des ponts isolés, une méthode de conception simplifiée d’amortisseur pour des ponts routiers réguliers isolés à la base a été présentée dans cette étude. En sélectionnant des objectifs pour la réduction du déplacement et la variation de l’effort tranchant, la rigidité et l'amortissement exigés d'un amortisseur hystérétique peuvent être déterminés. L’étude s’est poursuivie par une modélisation numérique d’un pont à deux portées pour vérifier l'efficacité de la méthode. Pour un modèle numérique d'un pont isolé typique, la méthode a été utilisée pour identifier des paramètres linéaires équivalents pour un certain déplacement et effort tranchant désigné. Par la suite, assumant un amortisseur de type hystérétique, les paramètres non linéaires de l’amortisseur ont été calculés et utilisés. La comparaison des résultats du modèle numérique sans amortisseur et avec l'amortisseur a démontré que la méthode proposée est suffisamment précise. Par la suite, un nouvel amortisseur hystérétique simple en acier a été conçu. Cinq spécimens ont été fabriqués de deux différents grades d’acier et ont été testés en combinaison avec un isolateur à l’échelle réelle dans le laboratoire de structures de l'Université de Sherbrooke. La procédure comprenait la caractérisation des spécimens par des tests cycliques en contrôle de déplacement et par la suite la réalisation d’essais par la méthode de sous-structuration dynamique en temps réel. Les résultats des essais ont été utilisés pour établir un modèle numérique du système qui a subi des analyses temporelles non linéaires sous plusieurs séismes. Le résultat des essais expérimentaux et numériques montrent une conformité acceptable avec la méthode simplifiée.
31
Dehghanpoor, Sichani Ahmad. "Soil-pile-superstructure systems under combined horizontal and vertical strong ground motions." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/207885/1/Ahmad_Dehghanpoor%20Sichani_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Highway bridges considered as important but possibly vulnerable superstructures must be studied under natural hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes. This thesis was a novel investigation on reinforced concrete bridges under coupled horizontal and vertical ground motions. A variety of ground motions has been examined for different classification of bridges and novel conclusions have been presented in the probabilistic and deterministic frameworks.
32
Aguirre, Herrera Santiago Alberto, and Barazorda Elio Andre Vidal. "Comportamiento estructural de una edificación esencial de mediana altura usando aisladores de base y disipadores SLB." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654612.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Este artículo consiste en analizar una nueva alternativa de control antisísmico de alta tecnología para la construcción de hospitales en el Perú, que en su normativa exige el uso de aislamiento de base para edificaciones esenciales. Para ello, se opta por la evaluación estructural de una edificación construida con aisladores sísmicos y la misma con implementación del sistema de disipación de energía SLB (Shear Link Bozzo). Los resultados analizados, para cada técnica estudiada de control antisísmico, son: derivas de entrepiso, aceleraciones de piso, balance energético y análisis de rotulas plásticas, en base a la filosofía de funcionalidad continua.This article consists of analyzing a new high-tech anti-seismic control alternative for the construction of hospitals in Peru, which in its regulations requires the use of base insulation for essential buildings. For this, the structural evaluation of a building constructed with seismic isolators is chosen and the same with the implementation of the SLB (Shear Link Bozzo) energy dissipation system. The results analyzed for each anti-seismic control technique studied are: mezzanine drifts, floor accelerations, energy balance and analysis of plastic hinges, based on the philosophy of continuous functionality.
Trabajo de investigación
33
Knápková, Monika. "Použití vysokorozlišovací analýzy křivek tání ke studiu baktérií mléčného kvašení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401890.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Currently, there is a growing interest in the use of probiotic products, and there are many of them in the market. With the growing interest, greater emphasis is placed on the identification of declared probiotic microorganisms. Precise identification of microbial composition is often a difficult task and it requires more advanced methods especially in the field of molecular diagnostics. The diploma thesis was focused on the verification of the presence od declared probiotic microorganisms in probiotic food supplements GS Laktobacily Forte 21, Biopron 9 Premium and Linex® Forte. DNA was isolated from the complex matrices by phenol extraction, commercial kit and magnetic carriers F79/L3-PLL in the quality suitable for PCR. Subsequently, the isolated DNA was amplified by real-time polymerase chain reaction using genus- and species-specific primers. The specific PCR product was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, whereas species identification was not always in compliance with the data declared by producers. The next part of the thesis was focused on polymerase chain reaction with high-resolution melting analysis to distinguish bacterial strains belonging to the Lactobacillus group and to identify probiotic microorganisms present in the complex matrices of the probiotic food supplements. Eight primer sets were tested (V1F HRM a V1R-HRM, CHAU-V3F a CHAU-V3R, CHAU-V6F a CHAU-V6R, LAC2 a LAC4, LAC1 a LAC2, P1V1 a P2V1, poxcDNAFw a poxPromRVC, poxcDNAFw a poxPromRVT). Three primer pairs (V1F HRM a V1R-HRM, poxcDNAFw a poxPromRVC, poxcDNAFw a poxPromRVT) were evaluated as the most suitable for distinguishing Lactobacillus bacterial strains.
34
Trevisan, Filippo. "Connected citizens or digital isolation? : online disability activism in times of crisis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4561/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis asks whether the internet can at all re-configure political participation into a more inclusive experience for disabled users, enhancing their stakes in citizenship. This issue assumes particular relevance at a time in which, amidst the worst economic crisis in decades, the rights of those traditionally excluded from civic life are at risk of being compromised even further. In an effort to transcend the restrictive access/accessibility framework applied so far in disability and new media research, this project focused on the “digitalisation” of disability activism in the wake of the radical welfare reform introduced by the UK government between 2010 and 2012. A combination of emerging digital methods and established social science techniques were employed to map and analyse the groups involved in opposing proposed changes to disability welfare online. These included: hyperlink network analysis; an “inventory” of online media; content analysis of Facebook conversations; and semi-structured interviews with key figures from a variety of campaigning groups. Overall, this work exposed an evolution in the ecology of British disability activism involving both changes in the way in which existing organisations operate as well as the emergence of new, online-based players. In particular, three main group types were identified. These included: formal disability organisations (both “professionalised” charities and member-led groups); experienced disabled activists who experimented with e-campaigning for the first time; and a network of young disabled bloggers-turned-activists who operated exclusively online and rapidly gained visibility on both the internet and traditional mass media (i.e. print and broadcast). Each of these phenomena was explored in detail through the analysis of three emblematic case studies (The Hardest Hit; Disabled People Against Cuts; The Broken of Britain). Several findings emerged that invited reflections on both the changing nature of disability activism in the digital age and the significance of the internet as a civic resource for disadvantaged groups more broadly. To assess the influence of contextual factors on these trends, the online experience of British formal disability organisations was compared to that of their American counterparts, which in the same period were opposing proposals for drastic cuts to federal Medicaid funding. In Britain, established players were found to be blending traditional repertoires with participatory online tools in a bid to “survive” the pressure of changing user-expectations and the fast pace of contemporary politics. Meanwhile, a new generation of self-appointed disabled “leaders” used online media to construct a radically different form of disability activism. This was focused more on issues than ideology, aspiring to redesigning protest in a less contentious and arguably more effective fashion. Nevertheless, the high centralisation and rigid leadership style adopted by these very same campaigners also cast doubts on their ability to promote a more inclusive campaigning experience for online supporters, whose involvement ultimately constituted a form of “peer-mediated” citizenship rather than direct empowerment. At the same time, the comparative part of this study captured a counter-intuitive picture for which British formal disability organisations were ahead of their American counterparts in terms of online innovation. This generated some important reflections on the very nature of “context” in online politics with particular reference to the relationship between systemic and circumstantial factors, as well as the importance of acute crisis moments as triggers of progress in e-activism.
35
Dashiell, John C. "Time's Ungentle Tide: Disillusion, Isolation and Self-Mastery in Byron and Hemingway." W&M ScholarWorks, 1988. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625460.
Повний текст джерела
36
Ozden, Bayezid. "Low-cost Seismic Base Isolation Using Scrap Tire Pads (stp)." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607193/index.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis focuses on the experimental studies conducted on the development of low-cost seismic base isolation pads using scrap automobile tires. Seismic base isolation is a well-defined building protection system against earthquakes, on which numerous studies have been conducted. The majority of the previous studies focus on the performance improvement of the base isolation systems. However, this study aims at cost and weight reduction of seismic base isolation pads by recycling otherwise useless material: scrap tires. Elastomer-based isolators have been heavily studied and used for the last 25 years. Steel or fiber reinforcement inside the elastomer isolators provides high vertical stiffness, whereas rubber segments between reinforcement layers provide low horizontal stiffness for the seismic base isolation. Since 1960&rsquos, automobile tires have been produced by means of vulcanizing rubber with steel mesh in different forms which have a similar effect as the steel plates or fibers inside the conventional elastomer-based isolators. Therefore, rectangular shaped layers cut from tread sections of used tires and then piled on top of each other can function as an elastomeric bearing. Since the tires are being designed for friction, load transfer between scrap tire layers would be large enough to keep all layers intact. A minimal slip generated between the piled layers at high strain rates may even help to dissipate some extra energy. Axial compression, dynamic free vibration, static shear and shaking table tests have been conducted on Scrap Tire Pads (STP) prepared by using different tire brands for different number of layers and orientations. The results have shown that the average shear modulus of STPs change between 0.9MPa and 1.85MPa. At the end of the dynamic tests it has been noticed that the lateral stiffness of STPs can be simply adjusted by changing the number of tread layers placed on top of each other. The amount of wire mesh inside the tire tread layers is relatively low compared to the steel plates in regular elastomeric pads
consequently, axial load capacity of STPs has been found to be around 8.0MPa. Static large deformation shear experiments have been performed to obtain the horizontal stiffness and shear modulus values at high strains and the results are tabulated in the manuscript. Steel and rubber layers are produced separately and just put on top of each other without any adhesive to form the ¼
scaled versions of STPs which were used to isolate a ¼
scaled masonry house on the shaking table available in METU Structural Laboratory. The experiment showed that non-vulcanized rubber-steel layers put on top of each other can also be used to isolate structures. In conclusion, STPs may be used as a low-cost alternative to conventional elastomer-based pads for seismic isolation of massive structures (e.g. stone wall rural masonry) or for temperature induced deformation compensation of rural bridges. STP usage is demonstrated using three hypothetical design examples in the manuscript.
37
Dewadasa, Jalthotage Manjula Dinesh. "Protection of distributed generation interfaced networks." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/43681/1/Jalthotage_Dewadasa_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the rapid increase in electrical energy demand, power generation in the form of distributed generation is becoming more important. However, the connections of distributed generators (DGs) to a distribution network or a microgrid can create several protection issues. The protection of these networks using protective devices based only on current is a challenging task due to the change in fault current levels and fault current direction. The isolation of a faulted segment from such networks will be difficult if converter interfaced DGs are connected as these DGs limit their output currents during the fault. Furthermore, if DG sources are intermittent, the current sensing protective relays are difficult to set since fault current changes with time depending on the availability of DG sources. The system restoration after a fault occurs is also a challenging protection issue in a converter interfaced DG connected distribution network or a microgrid. Usually, all the DGs will be disconnected immediately after a fault in the network. The safety of personnel and equipment of the distribution network, reclosing with DGs and arc extinction are the major reasons for these DG disconnections. In this thesis, an inverse time admittance (ITA) relay is proposed to protect a distribution network or a microgrid which has several converter interfaced DG connections. The ITA relay is capable of detecting faults and isolating a faulted segment from the network, allowing unfaulted segments to operate either in grid connected or islanded mode operations. The relay does not make the tripping decision based on only the fault current. It also uses the voltage at the relay location. Therefore, the ITA relay can be used effectively in a DG connected network in which fault current level is low or fault current level changes with time. Different case studies are considered to evaluate the performance of the ITA relays in comparison to some of the existing protection schemes. The relay performance is evaluated in different types of distribution networks: radial, the IEEE 34 node test feeder and a mesh network. The results are validated through PSCAD simulations and MATLAB calculations. Several experimental tests are carried out to validate the numerical results in a laboratory test feeder by implementing the ITA relay in LabVIEW. Furthermore, a novel control strategy based on fold back current control is proposed for a converter interfaced DG to overcome the problems associated with the system restoration. The control strategy enables the self extinction of arc if the fault is a temporary arc fault. This also helps in self system restoration if DG capacity is sufficient to supply the load. The coordination with reclosers without disconnecting the DGs from the network is discussed. This results in increased reliability in the network by reduction of customer outages.
38
Phillips, Jennifer M. "Effects of clozapine and alprazolam on cognitive deficits and anxiety-like behaviors in a ketamine-induced rat model of schizophrenia /." Download the dissertation in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Phillips2005.pdf/.
Повний текст джерела
39
Starenkova, Anastasiia. "Využití magnetických částic při izolaci DNA z výrobků z obilovin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376817.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis has been focused on micro method for isolation of PCR- ready DNA iusing magnetic particles from cereal products. Cereal biscuits and cereal products for babies were selected for the analysis. These were homogenized using plastic copist in lysis buffer with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The homogenates were purified using chloroform- octanol mixture. The effect of isopropanol in the preparation of homogenates was tested, too. Homogenates were used for DNA isolation by magnetic particles. Two ways to isolate magnetic particles with bounded DNA (magnetic separator and magnetic needle have been tested. Isolated DNA was analyzed spectrophotometrically its concentration and purity were assessed. . After that, amplification of the DNA was tested in PCR. Two sets of primers specific for plant ribosomal DNA were used for their amplification. PCR products of expected length 700 bp and 220 bp were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. It was shown that DNA isolated from seeds and cereal products using magnetic particles was in PCR-ready quality.
40
McDaniel, Keith Scott. "Three Dimensional Simulation of Time-Dependent Scramjet Isolator /Combustor Flowfields Implemented on Parallel Architectures." NCSU, 2001. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20001228-204538.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
McDaniel, Keith S. Three Dimensional Simulation of Time-DependentScramjet Isolator / Combustor Flowfields Implemented onParallel Architectures, ( Under the directions of Dr. J. R. Edwards). The development of a parallel Navier-Stokes solver for computing time-dependent,three-dimensional reacting flowfields within scramjet (supersonic combusting ramjet)engines is presented in this work. The algorithm combines low-diffusion upwinding methods, timeaccurate implicit integration techniques, and domain decomposition strategies to yield an effectiveapproach for large-scale simulations. The algorithm is mapped to a distributed memoryIBM SP-2 architecture and a shared memory Compaq ES-40 architecture using the MPI-1 message-passingstandard. Two and three-dimensional simulations of time-dependent hydrogen fuel injection into a modelscramjet isolator / combustor configuration at two equivalence ratios are performed. Thesesimulations are used to gain knowledge of engine operability, inlet performance, isolatorperformance, fuel air mixing, flame holding, mode transition, and engine unstart.Results for an injection at a ratio of 0.29 show qualitative agreement withexperiment for the two-dimensional case, but revealed a slow progression towardengine unstart for the three-dimensional case. Injection at an equivalence ratio of 0.61resulted in engine unstart for both two-dimensional and three-dimensional cases.Engine unstart for the three-dimensional case occurs as a response to the formation and growthof large pockets of reversed flow along the combustor side wall. These structuresdevelop at an incipient pressure above 154 kPa and result in significant blockage of the core flow,additional compression, and chemical reaction within the boundary layer. All of these factors promotea much more rapid unstart as compared with the two-dimensional case.
41
Riley, Logan Patrick. "Unstart Phenomenology of a Dual-Mode Scramjet Subject to Time-Varying Fuel Input." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1554740828968894.
Повний текст джерела
42
Ortlieb, Nico Verfasser], and Timo H. J. [Akademischer Betreuer] [Niedermeyer. "Characterization of Natural Products from Actinobacteria of the Tübingen Strain Collection – Screening, Isolation & Structure Elucidation / Nico Ortlieb ; Betreuer: Timo Niedermeyer." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190639777/34.
Повний текст джерела
43
Ortlieb, Nico [Verfasser], and Timo H. J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Niedermeyer. "Characterization of Natural Products from Actinobacteria of the Tübingen Strain Collection – Screening, Isolation & Structure Elucidation / Nico Ortlieb ; Betreuer: Timo Niedermeyer." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190639777/34.
Повний текст джерела
44
Wichner, Dominik [Verfasser], Timo H. J. [Gutachter] Niedermeyer, Jörg [Gutachter] Degenhardt, and Yvonne Jasmin [Gutachter] Mast. "Isolation and characterization of novel anti-infective specialized metabolites from Actinobacteria / Dominik Wichner ; Gutachter: Timo H. J. Niedermeyer, Jörg Degenhardt, Yvonne Jasmin Mast." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233286498/34.
Повний текст джерела
45
Qiu, Bo. "Numerical study on vibration isolation by wave barrier and protection of existing tunnel under explosions." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0011/document.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Les vibrations du sol induites par les activités humaines telles que, les activités industrielles, la circulation des camions et voitures, les explosions dues aux constructions ou l’exploitation de la déconstruction, atteignent souvent la limite de gêne pour les usagers et parfois la limite de nocivité. Dans les régions urbaines à forte densité et pour les bâtiments abritant des équipements sensibles, les vibrations du sol doivent être strictement contrôlées. Jusqu'à présent, de nombreuses méthodes de réduction de vibration ont été proposées, dont l'une est l'installation d'une barrière d'ondes entre les sources et les structures à protéger. Au cours des dernières décennies, l'efficacité de l'isolation des vibrations à l’aide de barrière d'ondes a été étudiée. Toutefois, il y a peu de travaux consacrés à l’influence mutuelle des paramètres du système sol-barrière sur l'efficacité de l'isolation de la barrière d'ondes, et l'optimisation de la barrière d'onde est également rare. D'autre part, l'influence des vibrations du sol, générées par les explosions durant la construction d’un nouveau tunnel, sur un tunnel avoisinant, interpelle en raison des dommages qui peuvent être produits. Jusqu'à présent, il existe peu de mesures d'atténuation globale proposées par les chercheurs et les ingénieurs concernant la réduction de vibrations dans les tunnels lors des explosions. Pour répondre à ces insuffisances, cette thèse porte sur l'étude de l'influence des différents paramètres du système sol-barrière et qualifie l'efficacité de l'isolation de la barrière d'ondes. Les paramètres clés sont identifiés, leur rôle respectif quantifié. Plus important encore, une méthode de conception d'optimisation est mise au point, dans le but de proposer la barrière qui est capable de réduire au minimum la vibration du sol en site protégé. Enfin, le comportement dynamique du tunnel existant sous les sollicitations des explosions proches est examiné. Les paramètres qui influent considérablement sur la réponse du tunnel sont mis en évidence. Deux mesures d'atténuation pratiques, concernant l'installation d'une couche de protection le long de la paroi du tunnel d’une part et des explosions à retardement (plutôt que des explosions instantanées) d’autre part, sont présentées en détails. Les recherches menées dans le cadre de cette thèse sont en mesure de fournir des éléments pour la conception optimisée de la barrière d'ondes afin de réduire les vibrations du sol en site protégé et pour la conception de mesures d'atténuation concrètes afin de protéger un tunnel existant par des explosions à proximitéGround vibration induced by human activity such as industrial activities, car or truck traffic, or pilling and blasting in construction or deconstruction operation, generally reaches the troublesome limit for men and occasionally attains the harmful limit. In the densely populated urban regions and buildings housing sensitive equipments, ground vibration has to be strictly controlled. Up to now, many vibration reduction methods have been proposed, one of which is the installation of wave barrier between the dynamic sources and the protected structures. Over the past decades, the vibration isolation effectiveness of wave barrier has been extensively studied. However, to the best of the writer’s knowledge, there is little study about the mutual influence of the parameters of soil-barrier system on the barrier screening efficiency, and the optimization design for wave barrier is rare as well. On the other hand, the influence of ground vibration generated by explosions on the nearby existing tunnel has attracted more and more attention due to the recent damage or even failure of tunnels. Up to now, there are few mitigation measures comprehensively proposed by researchers and engineers for the tunnel vibration reduction during explosions. To overcome those drawbacks, this dissertation focuses on the investigation of the influence of various parameters of soil-barrier system on the barrier isolation efficiency. Key parameters are identified. More importantly, an optimization design method is developed, aiming to find out the desirable barrier that is able to minimize the ground vibration in protected site. Besides, the dynamic behavior of existing tunnel under nearby explosions is examined. Parameters that significantly affect the response of tunnel are pointed out. Furthermore, two practical mitigation measures: the installation of a protective layer along the tunnel lining and time-delayed explosions (rather than instantaneous explosions), are presented with details. The research in this dissertation is able to provide a good reference for the optimization design of wave barrier in reducing ground vibration in protected site and for the design of practical mitigation measures to protect existing tunnel from nearby explosions
46
Jordan, Anna C. "Patterns in Caribbean Coral Spawning." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/468.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Most corals worldwide are broadcast spawners that rely on synchronous gamete release for successful fertilization. Spawning synchrony may also decrease the probability of heterospecific fertilization that may produce maladaptive hybrids. Despite the importance of reproductive timing, researchers have only recently begun to collect spawning data across coral species in the Caribbean, but these data remain to be analyzed. This study investigates interannual, seasonal, and environmental patterns that may influence Caribbean scleractinian spawning times. The number of spawning observations varies widely among location and species. Most spawning observations were collected in Florida, Curaçao, and Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary. Acropora palmata, A. cervicornis, and Orbicella species were the most documented. The Orbicella spp. were very consistent for spawning day annually, while the acroporids were less reliable. However, the acroporids were more consistent for spawning time in minutes after sunset between years. Season and moon cycles were obvious proximate cues for spawning, but a strong influence from wind and tides was absent. Acropora cervicornis was the only species in this study which spawning was significantly affected by water temperature. For some scleractinians, the day of spawning was significantly affected by mass bleaching events; spawning could occur on earlier days than in previous years for up to two years after the event. This study highlights existing data gaps for Pseudodiploria clivosa, A. prolifera and Siderastrea siderea. Documenting spawning patterns is crucial to better understand the potential impacts of future threats on the already imperiled Caribbean corals at risk from reproductive failure.
47
Greenhill, Susan Heather. "Maps for the lost: A collection of short fiction And Human / nature ecotones: Climate change and the ecological imagination: A critical essay." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1701.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis comprises a collection of short fiction, Maps for the Lost, and a critical essay, “Human / Nature Ecotones: Climate Change and the Ecological Imagination.” In ecological terms, areas of interaction between adjacent ecosystems are known as ecotones. Sites of relationship between biotic communities, they are charged with fertility and evolutionary possibility. While postcolonial scholarship is concerned with borders as points of cross-cultural contact, ecocritical thought focuses upon the ecotone that occurs at the interface between human and non-human nature.
In their occupation of the liminal zones between human and natural realms, the characters and narratives of Maps for the Lost reveal and nurture the porosity of conventional demarcations. In the title story, a Czech artist maps the globe by night in order to find his lover. The buried geographies of human landscapes coalesce with those of the non-human realm: the territories of wolves and the scent-trails of a fox mingle imperceptibly with nocturnal Prague and the ransacked villages of post-war Croatia. In “Seeds,” a narrative structured around the process of biological growth, the lost memories of an elderly woman are returned to her by her garden. “The Skin of the Ocean” traces the obsession of a diver who sinks his yacht under the weight of coral and fish, while in “Drift,” an Iranian refugee writes letters along the tide-line of a Tasmanian beach.
The essay identifies the inadequacy of literature and literary scholarship’s response to the threat of climate change as a failure of the imagination, reflecting the transgressive dimension of the crisis itself, and the dualistic legacy which still informs Western discourse on non-human nature. In order to redress this shortfall, which I argue the current generations of writers have an urgent moral responsibility to do, it is critical that we learn to understand the natural world of which we are a part, in ways that cast off the limitations of conventional representation. Paradoxically, it is the profoundly disruptive (apocalyptic?) nature of the climate crisis itself, which may create the imaginative traction for that shift in comprehension, forcing us, through loss, to interpret the world in ways that have been forgotten, or are fundamentally new. By analysing Alexis Wright’s The Swan Book, and Les Murray’s “Presence” sequence, the essay explores the correlation between imaginative and ecological processes, and the role of voice, embodiment, patterning and story in negotiations of nature and place. In the context of the asymptotical essence of the relation between text and world, and the paradox of phenomenological representation, it calls for a deeper cultural engagement with scientific discourse and indigenous philosophy, in order to illuminate the multiplicity and complexity of human connections to the non-human natural world
48
Susila, Gede Adi. "Experimental and numerical studies of masonry wall panels and timber frames of low-rise structures under seismic loadings in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/experimental-and-numerical-studies-of-masonry-wall-panels-and-timber-frames-of-lowrise-structures-under-seismic-loadings-in-indonesia(3ceb094b-4e6e-432a-b3de-3d4c306b0551).html.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Indonesia is a developing country that suffers from earthquakes and windstorms and where at least 60% of houses are non-engineered structures, built by unskilled workers using masonry and timber. The non-engineered housing units developed in urban region are also vulnerable to seismic hazard due to the use of low quality of material and constructions method. Those structures are not resistant to extreme lateral loads or ground movement and their failure during an earthquake or storm can lead to significant loss of life. This thesis is concerned with the structural performance of Indonesian low-rise buildings made of masonry and timber under lateral seismic load. The research presented includes a survey of forms of building structure and experimental, analytical and numerical work to predict the behaviour of masonry wall and traditional timber frame buildings. Experimental testing of both masonry and timber have been carried out in Indonesia to establish the quality of materials and to provide material properties for numerical simulations. The experimental study found that the strength of Indonesia-Bali clay brick masonry are below the minimum standard required for masonry structures built in seismic regions, being at least 50% lower than the requirement specified in British Standard and Eurocode-6 (BS EN 1996-1-1:2005). In contrast, Indonesian timber materials meet the strength classes specified in British Standard/Eurocode- 5 (BS EN 338:2009) in the range of strength grade D35-40 and C35).Structural tests under monotonic and cyclic loading have been conducted on building components in Indonesia, to determine the load-displacement capacity of local hand-made masonry wall panels and timber frames in order to: (1) evaluate the performance of masonry and timber frame structure, (2) investigate the dynamic behaviour of both structures, (3) observe the effect of in-plane stiffness and ductility level, and (4) examine the anchoring joint at the base of timber frame that resists the overturning moment. From these tests, the structural ductility was found to be less than two which is below the requirement of the relevant guidelines from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, USA (FEMA-306). It was also observed that the lateral stiffness of masonry wall is much higher than the equivalent timber frame of the same height and length. The experimental value of stiffness of the masonry wall panel was found to be one-twelfth of the recommended values given in FEMA-356 and the Canadian Building code. The masonry wall provides relatively low displacement compared to the large displacement of the timber frame at the full capacity level of lateral load, with structural framing members of the latter remaining intact. The weak point of the timber frame is the mechanical joint and the capacity of slip joint governs the lateral load capacity of the whole frame. Detailed numerical models of the experimental specimens were setup in Abaqus using three-dimensional solid elements. Cohesive elements were used to simulate the mortar behaviour, exhibiting cracking and the associated physical separation of the elements. Appropriate contact definitions were used where relevant, especially for the timber frame joints. A range of available material plasticity models were reviewed: Drucker-Prager, Crystalline Plasticity, and Cohesive Damage model. It was found that the combination of Crystalline Plasticity model for the brick unit and timber, and the Cohesive Damage model for the mortar is capable of simulating the experimental load-displacement behaviour fairly accurately. The validated numerical models have been used to (1) predict the lateral load capacity, (2) determine the cracking load and patterns, (3) carry out a detailed parametric study by changing the geometric and material properties different to the experimental specimens. The numerical models were used to assess different strengthening measures such as using bamboo as reinforcement in the masonry walls for a complete single storey, and a two-storey houses including openings for doors and windows. The traditional footing of the timber structures was analysed using Abaqus and was found to be an excellent base isolation system which partly explains the survival of those structures in the past earthquakes. The experimental and numerical results have finally been used to develop a design guideline for new construction as well as recommendations for retrofitting of existing structures for improved performance under seismic lateral load.
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Kužela, Jan. "Novostavba hotelu Velichovky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392170.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This diploma’s dissertation is on project of a new hotel building with three aboveground and one underground floors. This study starts at the building stage and focuses on the construction details and energy demands of the building. Also included is a fire safety solution for the new hotel building. The layout and architectural desing is according to the investor´s requirements, with respect to applicable laws, regulations, standards. Traditional materials are designed for the new building, taking into account the latest developments in the construction industry.
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Hobart, Leigh. "The current context of Queensland primary teacher engagement with professional learning through professional associations." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/46122/1/Leigh_Hobart_Thesis.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Engaging Queensland primary teachers in professional associations can be a challenge, particularly for subject-specific associations. Professional associations are recognised providers of professional learning. By not being involved in professional associations primary teachers are missing potential quality professional learning opportunities that can impact the results of their students. The purpose of the research is twofold: Firstly, to provide a thorough understanding of the current context in order to assist professional associations who wish to change from their current level of primary teacher engagement; and secondly, to contribute to the literature in the area of professional learning for primary teachers within professional associations. Using a three part research design, interviews of primary teachers and focus groups of professional association participants and executives were conducted and themed to examine the current context of engagement. Force field analysis was used to provide the framework to identify the driving and restraining forces for primary teacher engagement in professional learning through professional associations. Communities of practice and professional learning communities were specifically examined as potential models for professional associations to consider. The outcome is a diagrammatic framework outlining the current context of primary teacher engagement, specifically the driving and restraining forces of primary teacher engagement with professional associations. This research also identifies considerations for professional associations wishing to change their level of primary teacher engagement. The results of this research show that there are key themes that provide maximum impact if wishing to increase engagement of primary teachers in professional associations. However the implications of this lies with professional associations and their alignment between intent and practice dedicated to this change.