Готові списки джерел за темами / TiB(N)

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "TiB(N)"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "TiB(N)"

Perlis, Michael, Knashawn Morales, Michael Grandner, Donn Posner, Ivan Vargas, Mark Seewald, Alexandria Muench, Julia Boyle, and Jason Ellis. "0461 Does “TIB” Differentiate Between Good Sleepers and Subjects That Develop Acute or Chronic Insomnia? A 2nd Analyses." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.458.

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Abstract Introduction According to the 3P model of insomnia, the variable that mediates the transition from acute to chronic insomnia is “sleep extension” (the behavioral tendency to expand sleep opportunity to compensate for sleep loss). Recently, this proposition was prospectively evaluated by assessing how Time-in-Bed (TIB) varied, week-by-week, relative to the incidence of acute insomnia in four groups, those that: maintained good sleep (GS,n=911), recovered good sleep (AI-REC,n=244); had persistent poor sleep (AI-PPS,n=65); and developed chronic insomnia (AI-CI,n=23)). Significant differences for pre-to-post acute insomnia TIB were not detected for the insomnia groups (as compared to one another or as compared to GSs). The observed trends suggested that the increases in TIB observed were minor (< 15 min overall, at 2 weeks, and at 12 weeks post AI). In the present analysis, a more granular evaluation was undertaken to assess whether sleep extension occurs on the nights following poor sleep bouts. Methods The same data set and subject groups were modeled for TIB occurring on the night following a poor night’s sleep (≥ 30 min for SL or WASO or EMA) for the post-acute insomnia interval (by weekday and weekend). Linear mixed effects model was used to account for up to 1 year of repeated nights per subject. Results During the weekdays, the groups did not differ with respect to TIB following a poor nights’ sleep. On average, the four groups (including good sleepers) did not vary TIB by more than 5 minutes. During the weekends, all four groups tended to restrict TIB. In this instance, AI-CI subjects restricted TIB the least (AI-CI -17.2[5.11]; (GS -25.7[SE 1.58]; AI-PPS -27.6[6.1]; AI-REC -32.3[1.9]. Conclusion As with the prior analysis, the transition to CI does not appear to be triggered by sleep extension. In the present analysis there is some evidence to support the notion that AI-CI subjects restrict TIB less. This counterintuitive finding needs to be further evaluated taking into account sleep timing. That is, time-to-bed and time-out-of-bed may vary (show the attempt to extend sleep opportunity) while TIB does not change appreciably (owing to limitations in sleep ability [plasticity]). Support (If Any) Support: R01AG041783;K24AG055602;R01AT003332

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Kaizi-Lutu, M., C. Jones, A. Mange, M. Basner, and D. F. Dinges. "0105 Working Memory Impairment Due to Chronic Sleep Restriction, Dose Response to Recovery and Re-Exposure." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.103.

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Abstract Introduction Chronic sleep restriction negatively effects working memory. Recovery sleep following sleep restriction partially restores working memory performance. This study examines the impact of chronic sleep restriction and subsequent recovery sleep dose on the N-Back Task (N-Back), a valid measure of working memory. Methods N=223 participants (29.9±6.9 years; 48.4% female), completed two baseline nights of 8h time in bed (TIB), followed by five nights of 4h TIB, and were then randomized to a sleep dose of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 12 h TIB. A subset of participants (n=73) were re-exposed to another five nights of 4h TIB. Participants completed the three versions of the N-Back (i.e. 1-Back, 2-Back, and B-back) every two hours during wakefulness and daily averages were computed. Mixed effects and linear regression models were used to assess the impact of sleep restriction and the sleep dose response on percent correct on the N-Back corrected for baseline. Results N=219 participants had valid working memory data. The 2-Back (β =-4.5%; P<0.0001) and the 3-Back (β =-12.5%; P<0.0001) were more difficult than the 1-Back. Working memory performance declined across days of sleep restriction for all N-Backs: 1-Back (β =-1.10%; P<0.0001), 2-Back (β =-0.99%; P<0.0001), and 3-Back (β =-1.10%; P<0.0001). The sleep dose analysis revealed a positive association with N-Back performance for all N-Back versions, 1-Back (β =0.99%; P=0.0002), 2-Back (β =1.46%; P<0.0001), and 3-Back (β =1.43%; P<0.0001). Re-exposure to only one night of 4h TIB following recovery sleep resulted in performance decrements equal to performance prior to recovery sleep for all N-Back versions (Ps>0.41). Conclusion These data indicate that working memory is adversely impacted by sleep restriction, and that sufficient recovery sleep, possibly across consecutive days, is necessary to maintain optimal working memory performance. Support Funded by National Institute of Health NIH R01NR004281 and National Space and Biomedical Research Institute NSRBI NCC 5–98

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Belyaev, A. E., N. S. Boltovets, V. N. Ivanov, A. B. Kamalov, L. M. Kapitanchuk, R. V. Konakova, Ya Ya Kudryk, O. S. Lytvyn, V. V. Milenin, and M. U. Nasyrov. "Thermal-resistant TiB x -n-GaP Schottky diodes." Semiconductors 42, no. 4 (April 2008): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063782608040143.

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Spaeth, Andrea M., Namni Goel, and David F. Dinges. "Caloric and Macronutrient Intake and Meal Timing Responses to Repeated Sleep Restriction Exposures Separated by Varying Intervening Recovery Nights in Healthy Adults." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (September 3, 2020): 2694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092694.

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Sleep restriction (SR) reliably increases caloric intake. It remains unknown whether such intake cumulatively increases with repeated SR exposures and is impacted by the number of intervening recovery sleep opportunities. Healthy adults (33.9 ± 8.9y; 17 women, Body Mass Index: 24.8 ± 3.6) participated in a laboratory protocol. N = 35 participants experienced two baseline nights (10 h time-in-bed (TIB)/night; 22:00–08:00) followed by 10 SR nights (4 h TIB/night; 04:00–08:00), which were divided into two exposures of five nights each and separated by one (n = 13), three (n = 12), or five (n = 10) recovery nights (12 h TIB/night; 22:00–10:00). Control participants (n = 10) were permitted 10 h TIB (22:00–08:00) on all nights. Food and drink consumption were ad libitum and recorded daily. Compared to baseline, sleep-restricted participants increased daily caloric (+527 kcal) and saturated fat (+7 g) intake and decreased protein (−1.2% kcal) intake during both SR exposures; however, intake did not differ between exposures or recovery conditions. Similarly, although sleep-restricted participants exhibited substantial late-night caloric intake (671 kcal), such intake did not differ between exposures or recovery conditions. By contrast, control participants showed no changes in caloric intake across days. We found consistent caloric and macronutrient intake increases during two SR exposures despite varying intervening recovery nights. Thus, energy intake outcomes do not cumulatively increase with repeated restriction and are unaffected by recovery opportunities.

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Lin, Yinghua, Haibo Wang, Mingxing Zhang, Hui Lin, Dengqiang Yan, Qinghua Lin, Xin Kang, and Xinlin Wang. "Gradient Coating of Laser Cladding TiB2/Ti-Based Alloy on Titanium Alloy Surface." Coatings 13, no. 4 (April 6, 2023): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13040743.

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The technology of the TiB2/TiB cladding layer addresses the issue of the insufficient wear resistance of cup-shaped parts composed of titanium alloy materials. In order to eliminate the cracking problem of laser cladding TiB2/Ti-based alloy, 30%TiB2/Ti-based alloy gradient coating was prepared on the surface of titanium alloy by laser cladding in this study. The results revealed that the microstructure of the matrix and the cladding layer is metallurgically bonded. The microstructures of the cladding layer appear as rod-like and coarse-grained features on the surface, and fine needle-like and small-grained morphologies inside. The fine needle-like TiB precipitated in situ from the melt has a flat interface with Ti and exhibits a low degree of interfacial mismatch, while the interface between small particle-like TiB and Ti is wavy and has a high degree of interfacial mismatch. The gradual increase in the amount of TiB is present from the surface to the bottom of the cladding layer, while the amount of unmelted TiB2 particles decreases. The chemical structure of the cladding layer is mainly presented as TiB2, TiB and α-Ti phases. The maximum hardness of the cladding layer is 725 HV0.2, where it is more than twice the hardness of the substrate. The fretting wear resistance of the cladding layer is better than that of the titanium alloy substrate under low loads (50 N–100 N), while a high load (more than 150 N) triggers a reverse outcome.

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Li, Xiao-Jing, and Wei-Jun Yan. "Co(II) and Cu(II) coordination polymers: Crystal structures and treatment effect on acute lung injury treatment by inhibiting inflammatory response." Main Group Chemistry 19, no. 3 (October 14, 2020): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/mgc-190898.

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Two coordination polymers named [Co(tib)(H2O)3]· ipa·2H2O (1, H2ipa = iso-phthalic acid) and [Cu3(tib)2(BTB)2]·DMF·2H2O (2, H3BTB = 4,4′,4′′-gbenzene-1,3,5-triyl-tribenzoic acid, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) were constructed using a solvothermal method by reaction of metal salts with the 1,3,5-tris(1-imidazolyl)benzene (tib) ligands and different carboxylate linkers as the co-ligands. The two complexes have been characterized by X-ray diffraction as well as the elemental analyses. Subsequently, the protective effect of compounds 1 and 2 on the acute lung injury and its related mechanism was explored. Firstly, the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the release of the inflammatory cytokines. Then, the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) was measured with blood gas analysis.

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Devine, Jaime, Caio Garcia, Audrey Simoes, Jake Choynowski, Marina Guelere, Bruno de Godoy, Philipe Pacheco, and Steven Hursh. "286 Pilot Sleep During Brazil-to-China COVID-19 Humanitarian Mission Flights Compared to Biomathematical Predictions of Sleep." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A114—A115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.285.

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Abstract Introduction n response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Azul Airlines organized and conducted five separate humanitarian missions to China between May and July, 2020. Each mission consisted of 4 flight legs between 11-15 hours long crewed by a team of 8 pilots. Each pilot was given a 9-hour sleep opportunity during the flight period. Prior to conducting the missions, a sleep-prediction algorithm (AutoSleep) within the Sleep, Activity, Fatigue, and Task Effectiveness (SAFTE) model Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool (FAST) was used to predict in-flight time in bed (TIB) and total sleep time (TST). During missions, pilots wore a wrist actigraph and completed a sleep diary. These analyses compare the accuracy of SAFTE-FAST AutoSleep predictions against pilots’ sleep diary and actigraphy from Azul’s COVID-19 humanitarian missions. Methods Pilots wore a sleep-tracking actigraphy device (Zulu Watch, Institutes for Behavior Resources), and reported the TIB and sleep quality of their in-flight rest periods using a sleep diary. Diary TST was estimated from TIB and sleep quality. AutoSleep, diary, and actigraphy measures were compared using paired samples t-tests. Agreement was compared using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results Twenty (n=20) pilots flying across 5 humanitarian missions provided sleep diary and actigraphy data. AutoSleep predictions of TIB (235±20 minutes) and TST (193±16 minutes) were significantly lower than diary (TIB: 330±123, t=6.80, p≤0.001; TST: 262±108, t=5.60, p≤0.001) and comparable to actigraphy (TIB: 246±127, t=0.78, p=0.43; TST: 212±113, t=1.59, p=0.12). ICC values were >0.90, indicating excellent agreement, for TIB (0.94) and TST (0.91). Conclusion Biomathematical predictions of in-flight sleep during unprecedented humanitarian missions were in agreement with actual sleep patterns during flights. These findings indicate that biomathematical models may retain accuracy even under extreme circumstances like the COVID-19 pandemic. Pilots may overestimate the amount of sleep that they receive during extreme flights-duty periods, which could constitute a fatigue risk. Support (if any) NA

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Simpson, Norah S., Siobhan Banks, and David F. Dinges. "Sleep Restriction Is Associated With Increased Morning Plasma Leptin Concentrations, Especially in Women." Biological Research For Nursing 12, no. 1 (May 7, 2010): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800410366301.

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Study Objectives: We evaluated the effects of sleep restriction on leptin levels in a large, diverse sample of healthy participants, while allowing free access to food. Methods: Prospective experimental design. After 2 nights of baseline sleep, 136 participants (49% women, 56% African Americans) received 5 consecutive nights of 4 hours time in bed (TIB). Additionally, one subset of participants received 2 additional nights of either further sleep restriction (n = 27) or increased sleep opportunity (n = 37). Control participants (n = 9) received 10 hr TIB on all study nights. Plasma leptin was measured between 10:30 a.m. and 12:00 noon following baseline sleep, after the initial sleep-restriction period, and after 2 nights of further sleep restriction or recovery sleep. Results: Leptin levels increased significantly among sleep-restricted participants after 5 nights of 4 hr TIB (Z = -8.43, p < .001). Increases were significantly greater among women compared to men (Z = -4.77, p < .001) and among participants with higher body mass index (BMI) compared to those with lower (Z = -2.09, p = .036), though participants in all categories (sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, and age) demonstrated significant increases. There was also a significant effect of allowed TIB on leptin levels following the 2 additional nights of sleep restriction (p < .001). Participants in the control condition showed no significant changes in leptin levels. Conclusions: These findings suggest that sleep restriction with ad libitum access to food significantly increases morning plasma leptin levels, particularly among women.

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Kishman, Erin, Joshua Sparks, Shawn Youngstedt, and Xuewen Wang. "0069 Trajectories of Sleep Characteristics in Black and White Women During the First Year Postpartum." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.067.

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Abstract Introduction In the postpartum period, many women experience sleep deficiency due to caring for their infant. Racial disparities exist in sleep characteristics in the adult population, with Black adults having shorter total sleep time (TST) and worse sleep efficiency (SE) than White adults. However, few studies have investigated sleep changes in postpartum Black and White women. The purpose of this study was to examine trajectories of sleep characteristics from 6-8 weeks to 12 months postpartum in Black and White women. Methods Black (n=48) and White (n=86) women who gave birth to a singleton infant at ≥37 weeks gestation, wore an Actiwatch Spectrum Plus (Phillips Respironics, Inc) at 6-8 weeks, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months postpartum. Participants were instructed to wear the monitor, complete a sleep diary, and to maintain their normal daily activities over 7 days. Daily time in bed (TIB), TST, SE, and wake after sleep onset (WASO) were determined. Results Trajectories of TIB, TST, SE and WASO were not different between Black and White women from 6-8 weeks to 12 months postpartum. However, Black women had shorter TIB and TST, and lower sleep efficiency (p<0.001 for all). WASO was similar between Black and White women. For the entire sample, TIB significantly decreased from 470±74 (mean±SD) minutes at 6-8 weeks to 459±54 minutes at 12 months (p=0.0038). TST significantly increased from 347±86 minutes at 6-8 weeks to 369±70 minutes at 4 months (p=0.0085) but did not change at the later timepoints. SE increased from 80±8% at 6-8 weeks to 83±7% at 6 months (p=0.0034) but did not change at the later timepoints. WASO decreased from 54±24 minutes at 6-8 weeks to 46±21 minutes at 4 months (p<0.0001) but did not change at later timepoints. Conclusion In the first year postpartum, Black and White women had similar trajectories for sleep characteristics, but Black women had shorter TIB and TST and lower SE than White women. TIB and WASO decreased while TST and SE increased over time. The first 4 to 6 months show the greatest changes. Support (If Any) NIH Grant R21MD012740

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Aly, Shaza H., Mahmoud A. El-Hassab, Sameh S. Elhady, and Haidy A. Gad. "Comparative Metabolic Study of Tamarindus indica L.’s Various Organs Based on GC/MS Analysis, In Silico and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities." Plants 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12010087.

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The chemical composition of the n-hexane extract of Tamarindus indica’s various organs—bark, leaves, seeds, and fruits (TIB, TIL, TIS, TIF)—was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. A total of 113 metabolites were identified, accounting for 93.07, 83.17, 84.05, and 85.08 % of the total identified components in TIB, TIL, TIS, and TIF, respectively. Lupeol was the most predominant component in TIB and TIL, accounting for 23.61 and 22.78%, respectively. However, n-Docosanoic acid (10.49%) and methyl tricosanoate (7.09%) were present in a high percentage in TIS. However, α-terpinyl acetate (7.36%) and α-muurolene (7.52%) were the major components of TIF n-hexane extract. By applying a principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchal cluster analysis (HCA) to GC/MS-based metabolites, a clear differentiation of Tamarindus indica organs was achieved. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vitro on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, the wound healing potential for the n-hexane extract of various plant organs was assessed using the in-vitro wound scratch assay using Human Skin Fibroblast cells. The tested extracts showed considerable anti-inflammatory and wound-healing activities. At a concentration of 10 µg/mL, TIL showed the highest nitric oxide (NO) inhibition by 53.97 ± 5.89%. Regarding the wound healing potential, after 24 h, TIB, TIL, TIS, and TIF n-hexane extracts at 10 g/mL reduced the wound width to 1.09 ± 0.04, 1.12 ± 0.18, 1.09 ± 0.28, and 1.41 ± 0.35 mm, respectively, as compared to the control cells (1.37 ± 0.15 mm). These findings showed that the n-hexane extract of T. indica enhanced wound healing by promoting fibroblast migration. Additionally, a docking study was conducted to assess the major identified phytoconstituents’ affinity for binding to glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK3-β), matrix metalloproteinases-8 (MMP-8), and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Lupeol showed the most favourable binding affinity to GSK3-β and iNOS, equal to −12.5 and −13.7 Kcal/mol, respectively, while methyl tricosanoate showed the highest binding affinity with MMP-8 equal to −13.1 Kcal/mol. Accordingly, the n-hexane extract of T. indica’s various organs can be considered a good candidate for the management of wound healing and inflammatory conditions.

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Дисертації з теми "TiB(N)"

Dan, Atasi. "Spectrally selective tandem absorbers for photothermal conversion in high temperature solar thermal systems." Thesis, 2019. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4952.

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Solar energy is the inexhaustible and abundant energy resources on the earth which can be a best substitute for the fossil fuels. Over the past couple of decades, all the solar technologies are rising very steadily in two main branches including photovoltaics and solar thermal. One of the major components of solar thermal system is receiver, which plays an important role to enhance the photo-thermal efficiency by absorbing maximum amount of solar radiation with a minimum heat loss. In this regard, our objective was to fabricate a spectrally selective absorber coating for receiver which should have a high absorptance of ≥ 0.95 in the solar spectrum (0.25-2.5 μm) and a low thermal emittance of ≤ 0.05 in the infrared region (2.5-25 μm). In addition, while considering the real field applications, these coatings should exhibit exceptional thermal (> 450 °C) and environmental stability in different operational conditions. In spite of the outstanding thermo-chemical and thermo-physical stability of the ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs), there are only a few reports on the spectral selectivity of these materials. Therefore, in the first part, we have utilized DC and RF magnetron sputtering system to prepare TiB2/TiB(N)/Si3N4 -based multilayer absorber coating. A systematic investigation was carried out to understand the influence of various deposition parameters including target power, deposition time and reactive gas flow on the spectral selectivity of the coating. The optimal process parameters lead to a high absorptance of 0.964 and an emittance of 0.18. However, the film is inadequate in terms of environmental stability. We have subsequently developed W/WAlN/WAlON/Al2O3 -based multifunctional novel coating using magnetron sputtering. The rationale behind this specific coating design was based on good optical properties and high diffusion block ability of transition metal -based oxides and oxynitrides. The optimally fabricated coating has a superior spectral selectivity with a maximum absorptance of 0.958 and a low emittance of 0.08. Based on the extensive analysis using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), phase modulated spectroscopic ellipsometry along with computational analysis, we have manifested that the optical constants of each layer decrease from substrate to surface of coating, leading to enhance the photo-thermal efficiency. A prolonged thermal annealing established that the spectral properties of the coating could be retained at 500 °C in air for 150 hrs, indicating a service durability of ~ 25 years. Also, the directional and hemispherical emissivity is not compromised during annealing at 500 °C in air and in vacuum for 12 hrs. It is noteworthy to mention that the recently conducted high temperature testing (30 cycles at 450°C) in simulated solar field environment at Sandia National Laboratory establishes excellent thermal shock resistance property of the coating. In summary, a broad spectrum of ceramic combinations as tandem absorber coatings was investigated, and attempts were made to demonstrate the governing physical phenomena to explain the origin of spectral selectivity of ceramic absorbers. This dissertation will also provide guidelines to develop multilayer ceramic absorber coating for high temperature photo-thermal conversion systems.

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Книги з теми "TiB(N)"

1266, Bottoni Bernardo d., Butrio Antonius de 1338-1408, Corsetti Antonio ca 1450-1503, Franciscus Antonius, Ferrandat Henri 16th cent, Niccolo, de' Tudeschi, Archbishop, 1386-1445., and Niccolo, de' Tudeschi, Archbishop, 1386-1445., eds. Prima [-ultima] p[ar]s Abb. Panor. sup[er] primo [-quarto [et] q[ui]nto] Decre. cum suppletionibus Anto. de But.: Cu[m] casibus Ber. : cu[m] addi. Corseti ... vna cu[m] summarijs Aenee de Falco : necnon [et] addi. do Zachari Fer. : deinde accesserunt correctiones cu[m] add. do. Anto. Franc. ... : preterea cum Reptorio Henrici Ferrand. Niuerñ. ... : adiectis in eodem necessarijs additionibus Anto. Corse ... novissime ... adiectis duab[orum] ... repetitionibus ... p[er] eu[n]de[m] Panor. editis : cu[m] aureis differe[n]tijs legu[m] [et] canonu[m] do. Saluani de Bononia : necno[n] et Cautelis ad praxim anhela[n]tib[orum] valde necessarijs. [Lugdini?]: Iehan Petit, 1987.

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Частини книг з теми "TiB(N)"

Shen, Yao Gen, Z. J. Liu, Y. H. Lu, Chun Sheng Lu, and Yiu Wing Mai. "Monte Carlo Simulation of Microstructure and Grain Growth in nc-Ti(N, B)/a-(TiB₂, BN) Nanocomposite Films." In Fracture of Materials: Moving Forwards, 357–62. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-994-6.357.

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"tib, n.²." In Oxford English Dictionary. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oed/1082243605.

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"Tib, n.¹." In Oxford English Dictionary. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oed/1077292747.

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"S en so ry fu n c tio n s and l im ita tio n s o f th e ves tib u la r sy s tem." In Perception and Control of Self-motion, 169–94. Psychology Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315807683-18.

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"V isu a l, ves tib u la r , and ocu lo m o to r in te ra c tio n s in th e p e rc e p tio n o f o b je c t m o tio n dur in g eg omo tio n." In Perception and Control of Self-motion, 195–242. Psychology Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315807683-19.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "TiB(N)"

Olikh, Oleg Ya. "Influence of the ultrasound treatment on Au-TiB-n-n+-GaAs structure electrical properties." In International Congress on Ultrasonics. Vienna University of Technology, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3728/icultrasonics.2007.vienna.1171_olikh.

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Shirakawa, Noriyuki, Yasushi Uehara, Masanori Naitoh, Hidetoshi Okada, Yuichi Yamamoto, and Seiichi Koshizuka. "Next Generation Safety Analysis Methods for SFRs—(5) Structural Mechanics Models of COMPASS Code and Verification Analyses." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75532.

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A five-year research project started in FY2005 (Japanese Fiscal Year, hereafter) to develop a code based on the Moving Particle Semi-implicit (MPS) method for detailed analysis of core disruptive accidents (CDAs) in sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs). The code is named COMPASS (Computer Code with Moving Particle Semi-implicit for Reactor Safety Analysis). CDAs have been almost exclusively analyzed with SIMMER-III [2], which is a two-dimensional multi-component multi-phase Eulerian fluid-dynamics code, coupled with fuel pin model and neutronics model. The COMPASS has been developed to play a role complementary to SIMMER-III in temporal and spatial scale viewpoint; COMPASS for mesoscopic using a small window cut off from SIMMER-III for macroscopic. We presented the project’s outline and the verification analyses of elastic structural mechanics module of the COMPASS in ICONE16 [1]. The COMPASS solves physical phenomena in CDAs coupling fluid dynamics and structural dynamics with phase changes, that is vaporization/condensation and melting/ freezing. The phase changes are based on nonequilibrium heat transfer-limited model and all “phase change paths” considered in SIMMER-III are implemented [20]. In FY2007, the elastoplastic model including thermal expansion and fracture are formulated in terms of MPS method and implemented in the COMPASS, where the model adopts the von Mises type yield condition and the maximum principal stress as fracture condition. To cope with large computing time, “stiffness reduction approximation” was developed and successfully implemented in the COMPASS besides parallelization effort. Verification problems are set to be suitable for analyses of SCARABEE tests, EAGLE tests and hypothetical CDAs in real plants so that they are suggesting issues to be solved by improving the models and calculation algorithms. The main objective of SCARABEE-N in-pile tests was to study the consequences of a hypothetical total instantaneous blockage (TIB) at the entrance of a liquid-metal reactor subassembly at full power [21]. The main objectives of the EAGLE program consisting of in-pile tests using IGR (Impulse Graphite Reactor) and out-of-pile tests at NNC/RK are; 1) to demonstrate effectiveness of special design concepts to eliminate the re-criticality issue, and 2) to acquire basic information on early-phase relocation of molten-core materials toward cold regions surrounding the core, which would be applicable to various core design concepts [22, 23]. In this paper, the formulations and the results of functional verification of elastoplastic models in CDA conditions will be presented.

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