Дисертації: "Three levels"

1

Pomogaibo, Y. V. "Three levels of teaching subjects." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66996.

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Almost every subject in our educational establishments can be taught at any or all of three levels: 1) the facts level, 2) the concepts level, and 3) the values level. Education at the facts level includes the teaching and learning of specific information, facts, details, occurrences, events and actualities. It also includes the basic rudiments in learning a skill.

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2

Ellwood, Elizabeth R. "Climate change and species phenology at three trophic levels." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31545.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
In response to warmer temperatures and altered precipitation, plants and animals have adjusted their phenologies, timing of annual biological events, over the past few decades. However, a long-term perspective is needed. I combined observations from Concord, MA from the journals of Henry David Thoreau in the 1850s with other naturalists, to create the longest-known record of migratory bird arrivals in North America. Twenty-two passerine species were found to be highly variable with some arriving earlier in warm years than cold years, and others not changing at all. Banding data from the Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences, in southeastern MA, provided a robust dataset from 1970 to the present to further explore more detailed patterns in bird migrations. Most bird species in this record are experiencing significant population declines, and several arrive earlier in warm years. However, closely related birds did not behave in a manner similar to one another, and there is little evidence to support the hypothesis that species with flexible migration times would be more successful, a pattern found in European species. It is important to consider phenological changes at multiple trophic levels. Investigation of insect emergence dates collected by the Japan Meteorological Agency provided the paradoxical result that insects that emerge earlier in warm years are emerging later now than they did 50 years ago, even though temperatures are getting warmer. Sampling issues associated with strong population decline are the likely explanation. Plants are known to be quite responsive to temperature, yet one of the most primitive groups of plants, ferns, has remained unstudied from the perspective of recent climate change. I examined phenological and physiological responses of two fern species to a range of experimental water and temperature regimes. The cinnamon fern, Osmunda cinnamomea , generally exhibited greater phenological flexibility and hardiness under higher temperatures and drought as compared to the royal fern, Osmunda regalis . Taken together, this dissertation research demonstrates that organisms at various trophic levels respond differently to climate change. Therefore, the response of each species needs to be evaluated individually and in relationship to other species.
2031-01-01

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3

Livingston, M. S., D. T. Ray, D. J. Garrot, D. D. Fangmeier, and S. Hussman. "Differences in Weight of 'Calsweet' Watermelons at Three Irrigation Levels." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214158.

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Calsweet' watermelons were irrigated at three levels using a drip irrigation system. Number and weight of melons were recorded for three harvest dates. The low water treatment had significantly lower average melon weight than the medium and high treatments. There were no significant differences between the number of melons produced for each treatment.

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4

Anderson, Daryl K. "Developing a ReachGlobal leadership pipeline focusing on three levels of leadership." Deerfield, IL : Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.006-1625.

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5

Hallgren, Frej. "Technical performance on ATP top level, future level and Swedish youth national level male tennis tournaments : Notational analysis of point characteristics in three different tournaments on three different performance levels." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4614.

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Aim and research questions To investigate technical performance in three different tennis competitions (ATP Masters AM, Falu Future, FF & Swedish youth national championships, YNC) by collecting data of point characteristics. Are there any differences or similarities between the competitions analyzed concerning type of shots or shot combinations used, from which hitting zone on the tennis court the shots or shot combinations are hit and the placement of the different shots when scoring points? Are there any differences or similarities between the competitions analyzed concerning number of valid shots over the net in a rally? Are there any differences or similarities between the competitions analyzed concerning number of errors (forced and unforced) and winning shots committed in matches? Method The sample consisted of a total of 24 matches with 40 different players from three different tournaments which were analyzed using notational analysis software (Dartfish, version 8, Switzerland). Total number of points analyzed were 3154 (AM, n = 968, FF, n = 1068, YNC, n = 1118). Data were compiled in Excel (2013) and descriptive analyses were performed in IBM SPSS Statistics 24. Statistical analyses looking for overall significant differences between the groups were made using Chi square cross tab test. Due to the number of statistical tests that were performed for each domain in the post hoc test, an adjusted significance level of p < 0.001 was used to reduce the risk of Type 1 error. Results Significant differences were observed between groups for serve placement, shot used after hitting a serve, type of 2nd last and last shot used, hitting zone and placement by the point winner on last shots. Rallies of longer duration were significantly more frequent in the AM & FF groups compared to the YNC group. Concerning serve outcome, serve return, return placement, shot after serve placement, shot combinations, length on 2nd last and last shot, unforced, forced errors and winners no statistical differences were observed between groups. Conclusion This study indicates that higher demands are placed on placement accuracy in the ATP masters and Falu Future tournaments, specifically for the serve, but also for groundstrokes compared to the Swedish youth national championships tournament. This knowledge can be used to identify technical skills and physiological abilities that are important to practise in order to improve performance in tennis on different levels.

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6

Palmer, Panika Ellis. "Changes in Acoustic and Kinematic Articulatory Working Space Across Three Intensity Levels." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5786.

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The purpose of this study was to compare changes in acoustic and kinematic measures of articulation across soft, comfortable, and loud speech conditions. There were 19 participants, 9 male and 10 female, with age ranging from 20 to 34 with a median age of 25. Each participant had electromagnetic sensors glued to their tongue, jaw, and lips. It was anticipated that the acoustic measures would accurately reflect the kinematic measures of speech as articulation changed across the intensity levels. Vowel space area (VSA) and vowel articulation index (VAI) were computed from the three corner vowels, /α, i, u/. Articulatory-acoustic vowel space (AAVS), a sentence-level acoustic measure, was computed from the continuous formant histories for all voiced segments in a sentence. Kinematic-vowel space area (KVSA), kinematic-vowel articulation index (KVAI), and articulatory-kinematic vowel space (AKVS) were the kinematic equivalents of the acoustic measures, and were newly developed for the present study. Stroke metrics based on the speed history of the lingual movements were also used to reveal average kinematic features of the articulatory gestures in each participant's speech. The data revealed that the isolated acoustic and kinematic measures that used corner vowels (VSA, VAI. KVSA, KVAI) did not change significantly with intensity. The sentence-level continuous measures of articulatory working space (AAVS and AKVS) increased as speech intensity increased. The other sentence-level kinematic metrics also changed significantly with speech intensity, including increases in hull volume, onset speed, peak speed, mean speed, and distance. Stroke duration decreased as speech intensity increased. These findings suggest that measures based on isolated corner vowels are not as reflective as continuous measures of changes in articulatory movement in speech.

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7

Freitas, Cley Anderson Silva De. "Answers of three castor cultivars under five levels of irrigation in PentecosteâCE." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5214.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
The use of the irrigation in cultivars improved has a tendency to favor the increase of the productivity of castor in the semi-arid. This work was carried out in Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu, Pentecoste, CearÃ, Brazil and the objective of the present study was to evaluate the productive characteristics of three castor cultivars of high agricultural importance (IAC Guarani, Mirante 10 e BRS ParaguaÃu) under different levels of irrigation. The experimental delineation used was of the blocks at random with subdivided parcels, composed of five treatments in the parcels, with three cultivars in the sub parcels and three repetitions. The treatments was constituted in five levels of irrigation based on the evaporation of the tank Class âAâ ECA (T1 = 0,25 ECA; T2 = 0,50 ECA; T3 = 0,75 ECA; T4 = 1,00 ECA; T5 = 1,25 ECA). The result, found a significant effect between cultivars. The variables length and number of fruits per racemes were higher for the IAC Guarani, while the tenor of oil and number of racemes per plant were higher for the Mirante 10. However the ParaguaÃu BRS stood out of the rest of cultivars as for the mass of the raceme, mass of the fruits, mass of hundred seeds and productive potential. There was no significant effect of variable tenor of oil with the blades of irrigation. The Mirante 10 presented the largest tenor of oil (40,64 %), with the maximum blade used of 913,4 mm. The best efficiency of the use of the water was obtained by the treatment T5 (913,4 mm) in the BRS ParaguaÃu, what turned the productivity of 2872,42 Kg ha -1. The secondary racemes were that more contributed with the total productivity.
O uso da irrigaÃÃo em cultivares melhoradas tende a favorecer o aumento da produtividade da mamoneira no semi-Ãrido. Assim, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento das variÃveis produtivas de trÃs cultivares de mamoneira de importÃncia agrÃcola (IAC Guarani, Mirante 10 e BRS ParaguaÃu) a cinco nÃveis de irrigaÃÃo por gotejo. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental Vale do Curu, Pentecoste, CearÃ, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, composto de cinco tratamentos nas parcelas, com trÃs cultivares nas subparcelas e trÃs repetiÃÃes. Os tratamentos constituÃram-se em cinco nÃveis de irrigaÃÃo baseados na evaporaÃÃo do tanque Classe âAâ ECA (T1 = 0,25 ECA; T2 = 0,50 ECA; T3 = 0,75 ECA, T4 = 1,00 ECA; T5 = 1,25 ECA). Houve diferenÃa estatÃstica entre as cultivares, as variÃveis comprimento e nÃmero de frutos por racemos foram maiores para a cultivar IAC Guarani, enquanto o teor de Ãleo e nÃmero de racemos por planta foram maiores para cultivar Mirante 10. JÃ a BRS ParaguaÃu destacou-se das demais cultivares quanto a massa do racemo, massa dos frutos, massa de cem sementes e potencial produtivo. NÃo houve efeito significativo da variÃvel teor de Ãleo com as lÃminas de irrigaÃÃo. Verifica-se maior teor de Ãleo (40,64 %), nas sementes da cv. Mirante 10, com a lÃmina mÃxima aplicada de 913,4 mm. A melhor eficiÃncia do uso da Ãgua foi obtida com o tratamento T5 (913,4 mm) na cultivar BRS ParaguaÃu, que resultou na produtividade de 2872,42 kg ha-1. Os racemos secundÃrios foram os que mais contribuÃram com a produtividade total.

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8

Lobo, Joshua J. "3D RECONSTRUCTION OF RyR1 AND STRUCTURAL VALIDATION UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NOISE." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3633.

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Ryanodine receptors (RyR) are intracellular channels that are intricately involved in Ca2+ release. These channels large membrane proteins~2.26MDa in size. In this multi-goal project firstly we successfully studied the gating mechanics of the RyR1 in the presence of Mg2+. We used single particle reconstruction and image processing techniques to obtain the 3D structure of the RyR1 with Mg2+. The 3D structure in the presence of Mg2+ and an ATP analog is the closest representation of human physiological conditions. The open and closed state structures of RyR1 are known. However, the physiologically closed state has not been studied before. Understanding this structure will help in the understanding of protein interactions. Our second goal was the validation of this 3D structure under different levels of noise. Validation under different noise levels analyzed the problem of noise bias is present in the field of cryo-EM and single particle reconstruction in select cases.

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9

Tang, Meiling. "Gender differences in relationship between background experiences and three levels of spatial ability." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155573195.

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10

Nuñez, Lopez Raul Rolando. "Study of livestock production levels in three communities near the city of Riobamba." BYU ScholarsArchive, 1997. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5409.

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This study was done by administering household surveys to 50% of the families in the three communities. Families were selected through stratified random sampling. This allowed us to determine how much families are exploiting species that have a significant level of production as well as whether they use them for a commercial activity or subsistence. With regard to cows, 60.40 ± 4.72% of families use them. Each family has an average of 1.68 ± 0.21 cows. Productive cows make up 36.9% of the above percentage, which is a majority. The measured rate of production was 6.48 ± 0.25 L/cow/day. Overall, 40.16 ± 3.17% of production was used for household consumption while the rest was sold. These parameters as well as the sale of live animals helped San Nicolas have an annual income of 735 US dollars, which shows that this community relies more on commercial activity. On the other hand, San Clemente and San Francisco had annual incomes of 367 and 279 US dollars respectively. This shows that these communities focus more on familial subsistence. Of the major species, sheep are the least exploited with 54.80 ± 8.74% of families using them. The first lambing occurs at 17.79 ± 0.48 months. Newborns are weaned at 5.57 ± 0.11 months by only 27.27 ± 4.47% of families. Of the weaned newborns, 60.69 ± 5.13% are kept and the rest are sold. Every 10.46 ± 0.47 months, 77.96% of the wool produced is sold. Generally, the sheep are sol d at 22.84 ± 1.75 months of age. This generates an average annual income of 40.85 ± 19.26 US dollars, which indicates that this activity is focused on familial subsistence. Swine production is the most common form of animal production. Pigs are exploited by 81.86 ± 7.17% of families with each family having an average of 2.11 ± 0.16 animals. A sow’s first delivery occurs at 16.48 ± 0.48 months and their productive life comes after reproducing 1.98 ± 0.15 times. Each litter has 5.72 ± 0.19 offspring with a post-weaning mortality rate of 28.99 ± 4.82%. Offspring are weaned at 2.90 ± 0.12 months. Overall, 65.13% of the weaned offspring are kept and the rest are sold. Annual revenue from pig production is 63.2 ± 22.46 US dollars which indicates it is used for familial subsistence, acting as a safeguard against economic emergencies at times. Of the minor species, the guinea pig is the most exploited. It is used by 86.11 ± 3.65% of families with each family having an average of 12.04 ± 1.31 guinea pigs. The mothers have an average of 2.44 ± 0.06 offspring per litter with a weaning rate of 75.81 ± 4.33%. Overall, 86.91% of production is used for family consumption and the rest is sold. The annual income generated by this activity is 6.24 ± 0.51 US dollars which indicates that this is an activity dedicated to providing food for the family. Rabbits are used by 49.42 ± 5.23% of families, each having an average of 4.03 ± 0.64 animals. There is an average of 6.57 ± 0.29 newborns per litter with a weaning rate of 41.16 ± 5.20%. Overall, 80.18 ± 4.16% of production is used for family consumption. This activity is similar to guinea pig production seeing as the annual income it generates is only 12.80 ± 1.10 US dollars. Chickens are exploited by 77.33 ± 4.39% of families with each family having an average of 5.88 ± 0.60 animals. Broiler chickens make up 48.22% of the poultry population with the rest being made up of native and field hens. Overall, 68.96% of broiler chickens are used for family consumption while 89.31 ± 3.27% of hens are used for family consumption. The annual income from this activity is 40.13 ± 19.24 US dollars. This makes it appear to have a slight tendency toward commercial use. We conclude that the three communities have different levels of animal exploitation. San Nicolas was the most successful of the three, partially using their livestock production for commercial purposes. San Clemente used part of theirs for commercial purposes as well, but on a lower scale. San Francisco, on the other hand, focuses their livestock production solely on familial subsistence. We recommend that a study be conducted regarding all points involved in the feasibility of production projects in these communities, especially in regard to the organization in each community. This will help improve production levels and make way for a change from a subsistence based economy to a more commercially based economy, ultimately improving the social and nutritional levels of these families.

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11

Tang, Meiling. "Gender differences in relationsip between background experiences and three levels of spatial ability." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1155573195.

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12

Al, Qahtani Mofareh. "The use of vocabulary learning strategies by EFL learners at three different educational levels." Thesis, University of Essex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413128.

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13

Correa, Maite. "Metalinguistic Knowledge and the Acquisition of the Spanish Subjunctive by Learners at Three Proficiency Levels." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195552.

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One of the most controversial topics in Applied Linguistics is the role of learners' metalinguistic knowledge (MK) in second language (L2) learning and teaching. There seems to be no agreement between those who propose that MK is essential for L2 learning and those who believe that it can even be detrimental for L2 acquisition.Additionally, the subjunctive has been reported to be one of the most difficult structures to master for L2 learners of Spanish. It has been suggested that the subjunctive is acquired fairly late in an acquisition hierarchy of Spanish grammar and that, as a consequence, learners must reach a stage where they can produce syntactically sophisticated utterances in order to be "ready" for acquisition.Taking an Information Processing (IP) approach to language learning as a framework, this dissertation investigates the relationship between MK and grammatical accuracy by learners of Spanish at beginning, intermediate, and advanced levels of proficiency. Their MK is assessed through a set of terminology and grammaticality judgment tasks. Their mastery of the Spanish subjunctive is evaluated through a set of receptive and productive tests involving different subordinate clauses.The three groups of participants are compared with respect to their MK and their mastery of the subjunctive, and it is examined whether MK correlates with mastery of the subjunctive. Findings include: 1) an improvement on both subjunctive accuracy and terminology knowledge across levels; 2) a positive correlation between English MK and Spanish MK; 3) a positive correlation between MK and accuracy in the use of the subjunctive; and 4) agreement between the learners' acquisition hierarchy within the subjunctive and teaching order of subjunctive substructures.The findings show that MK has a positive impact on the mastery of this "difficult" structure. They are also consistent with other experimental studies that suggest that explicit instruction has a positive impact on L2 learning. The late and uneven acquisition of the subjunctive demonstrated by the subjects in this study also suports the hypothesis that there are "many subjunctives" to learn and that learners will not acquire this structure until they are developmentally ready (third year of instruction).

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14

Wehde, Wesley, and Matthew Nowlin. "Who’s Responsible before the Hurricane Comes: Public Attribution of Responsibility across Three Levels of Government." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5967.

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15

Balog, Barbara Jean. "Work images and clozentropy : a communication study of engineers at three levels of professional development /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265555439774.

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16

Addas, Rima Mahmoud. "Supporting access to distributed EPRs (electronic patient records) with three levels of identity privacy preservation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/supporting-access-to-distributed-eprs-electronic-patient-records-with-three-levels-of-identity-privacy-preservation(86d4ea38-dcbd-477e-a905-466957183e6e).html.

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The extensive use of the Internet has been accompanied by the augmentation of e-services, such as e-health. Particularly, the improvement in e-health has put a massive load of sensitive information in the hands of service providers and other parties, where privacy risks might exist when accessing sensitive data stored in the form of electronic patient records (EPRs). EPRs support efficient access to patient data by multiple healthcare providers and third party users, which will consequently improve patient care. However, the sensitive nature of this data requires access restrictions to only those 'who need to know'. How to achieve this without compromising patient privacy remains an open issue that needs further consideration. This thesis, therefore, addresses privacy problems with distributed EPRs and how to allow authorised users to access them with multiple levels of identity privacy preservations. The thesis investigates existing security solutions for achieving privacy preserving distributed data access and analyses their strengths and weaknesses. It then proposes a novel method to support secure access to distributed EPRs with three levels of patient identity privacy preservations, i.e., the 3LI2P version 1 (3LI2Pv1) method. The idea of the method is to integrate a number of significant features, which have not been considered in the related work, and these features are: (1) supporting three levels of controlled distributed EPR accesses by different legitimate user groups while preserving patient identity privacy; (2) making use of different digital credentials to support the three levels of access; (3) simplifying key management distribution; (4) optimising performance; and(5) supporting separation of duties among trusted third parties, ensuring accountability. The 3LI2Pv1 method makes use of three layers of pseudonyms to achieve these properties, i.e., each patient has multiple pseudonyms layered at three levels. The method relies on a combined cryptographic primitives, symmetric cryptosystem, asymmetric cryptosystem and a hash function, to generate these pseudonyms. The security properties and the performance of the 3LI2Pv1 method are analysed, evaluated and compared with related work. The results from the comparison show that our 3LI2Pv1 method is better in terms of supporting the requirements necessary to preserve a patient's identity privacy in a distributed setting at no significant additional costs. The thesis also proposes an enhanced version of the above method called the 3LI2P version 2 (3LI2Pv2) method. This latter method enhances the 3LI2Pv1 method in terms of reducing key management burden on central trusted third party, enforcing the least access privilege principle, not only among users and central trusted third party, but also among health service providers who manage the patients' data, further improving performance, ensuring the integrity of patient pseudonyms, providing pseudonyms uniqueness and finally, facilitating a more ne-grained access control by introducing an additional linkable anonymousa ccess sub-level. The 3LI2Pv2 method has been analysed in terms of security and performance. Based on the 3LI2Pv2 method, the thesis introduces a novel 3LI2Pv2 protocol. The protocol is designed specifically for the 3LI2Pv2 method to facilitate different types of accesses, linkable access, Level-2 inter-HSP linkable anonymous access, Level-2 intra-HSP linkable anonymous access and anonymous access, and to allow different user groups to securely access distributed EPRs according to their privileges, without compromising the patient's privacy. The security properties of the 3LI2Pv2 protocol are formally verified using the Casper/FDR2 verification tool. To evaluate its performance, a prototype of the 3LI2Pv2 protocol has been implemented using Java under two different settings, a single machine and distributed machines settings. Using these implementation settings, performance evaluations of the protocol were conducted. The results from the evaluations (under both settings) confirmed that we have successfully balanced between security and performance without compromising the patient's privacy.

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17

Setoh, Kazuya. "Three missense variants of metabolic syndrome-related genes are associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin levels." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/204579.

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18

Gao, Xin. "Economic evaluation of three preventive drug therapies for osteoporotic fractures among women at different risk levels." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2045.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 211 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-186).

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19

Nelson, Haley. "Comparison of Acquisition and Generalization of Tacts Across Three Stimulus Modes: A Replication Across Skill Levels." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7552.

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Individuals with disabilities often have a limited tact repertoire. This study compared the acquisition and generalization of tacts taught using different stimulus modes within discrete trial training (DTT) with children who have a limited tacting repertoire. The three stimulus modes that were compared were videos, pictures, and 3D objects. This research replicated Gómez’s (2015) methodology with a participant pool with lower tacting skills. In addition, this study assessed for generalization of the acquired tacts to a novel exemplar. In this study, tact training required fewer sessions when the picture and 3D object were used as stimulus modes. These results were then replicated across stimulus sets with Abraham and Alex. Finally, in this study greater generalization was observed for the tacts trained with a 3D object.

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20

Thomas, Peter G. "Burnout and work engagement levels in community pharmacists residing in three counties of the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2011. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/burnout-and-work-engagement-levels-in-community-pharmacists-residing-in-three-counties-of-the-united-kingdom(dbc82596-2dcd-487a-a2fb-ffdb7aaa2285).html.

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The concept of burnout has been ascribed several meanings over the years, and concerns have been raised about the lack of clarity and consensus in the defining criteria. However, the most popular definition to emerge is the multidimensional description by Maslach where burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who do people work of some kind. Burnout can result from prolonged periods of stress or excessive workload. The aim of this research was to describe burnout and job engagement in a sample population of community pharmacists. Methods: A mixed method approach of quantitative and qualitative methods was used; both these methods are widely used within organisational psychology. The study was composed of two discrete but overlapping parts, each using a different but complementary methodology: a quantitative first part informing a qualitative second part. A self-administrated questionnaire was posted to all pharmacists in residing in the Local Practice Forum covering Dorset, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight (n=1170). Respondents completed a questionnaire pack comprising the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) together with questions of demographic characteristics, both survey instruments have been widely used in job burnout and engagement studies. A letter was also included inviting respondents to take part in the qualitative part of this study and ethical approval was granted by the Bioscience Research Ethics Committee at the University of Portsmouth. The MBI-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) measures the three sub-scales of burnout, "emotional exhaustion," "depersonalization" and "personal accomplishment." The survey consists of 22 items designed to assess the three dimensions of burnout and the items are scored on a seven-point Likert scale ranging from zero (never) to 6 (every day), indicating the frequency of feelings and attitudes experienced. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) measures the three constituting dimensions of work engagement: vigour, dedication, and absorption, and consists of 9 items designed to measure the three dimensions. All items are scored on a 7-point frequency rating scale ranging from 0 (never) to 6 (everyday). Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, skewness and kurtosis) and calculated for all scales and subscales. Non-parametric tests were performed as the data was not normally distributed, and analysed using SPSS V 18.0. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the relative contribution of the different stressors and demographic variables to the variance in burnout and engagement. Internal consistency of the three subscales of MBI-HSS and UWES-9 was computed using Cronbach‟s alpha. Qualitative data were obtained using a combination of focus group, semi-structured interviews and electronic interviews and transcribed verbatim. Template analysis was used to develop a hierarchical list of codes representing themes and the relationship between themes. Results/Discussion: A total of 702 questionnaires were returned from a sample population of 1170 pharmacists residing in the Wessex LPF, giving an overall response rate 60%. Out of which 72.36% (n= 508) indicated that community pharmacy was their main job role. Demographic data of respondents was compared to previous workforce data and showed that 63.2% (n=321) were female and 36.4 %(n=185) were male. Respondents showed high scores on the Emotional Exhaustion scale (Mean 35.28, SD 12.10), high levels of depersonalisation (Mean 14.23, SD 6.48) and Low levels of Personal Accomplishment (Mean 42.86, SD 8.14).This gives an overall picture of a high degree of burnout within the sample population. Regarding engagement the mean score of 4.64,SD 3.74 indicates that the sample population has average levels of job engagement. Qualitative data results combined focus group (n=5), semi-structured interviews (n=9), telephone (n=5) and electronic interviews (n=5) and themed into positive/negative work and patient related events. Qualitative data indicated that community pharmacists are finding that paperwork/administration, skill mix, responsible pharmacist regulations, availability of dispensing stock and the demands of patients being factors that might contribute to burnout levels. Possible signs of job engagement included enjoyable patient events such as helping a patient and appreciation of a job well done by line management. Conclusions: This research has several implications for community pharmacy practice and service development. A significant proportion of pharmacists in this sample population suffered from burnout, and if this data were extrapolated to all community pharmacists and if those pharmacists were unable to detect and acknowledge the signs of burnout, disillusionment with the profession might follow. Employers, professional bodies and employees should become aware of the causes and symptoms of burnout and if possible monitor burnout levels on a regular basis, this could help them become aware of their own and others levels of burnout.

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Hamm, James J. "Different success rates and associated factors at three levels of career progression among US Marine Corps officers." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA275220.

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22

Sánchez, Quinto Federico A. 1985. "Adressing Neandertal evolutionary genetics at three different resolution levels : admixture with modern humans, demography and social structure." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/382631.

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Almost 20 years of Neandertal paleogenetics studies have significantly increased our knowledge about their evolutionary history. The analysis of DNA recovered from Neandertal remains to date, suggest that although they were a distinct hominin population to modern humans, a certain degree of gene flow occurred between the two of them. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that archaic introgressed material could have been biologically relevant for modern humans to adapt to new environments. Moreover, insights from a wide geographic and temporally different sampling of Neandertal mitochondrial sequences and from a high-coverage genome, suggest that Neandertals probably had a low effective population, which was possibly decreasing towards the end of their evolutionary time. This thesis focus to address the evolutionary genetic history of Neandertals at three different levels of resolution from: analyzing further aspects of their relatedness to modern humans, better characterizing their population history and identify the genetic basis for some of their distinctive morphological features, to describing their genetic structure within a social group. Insights from these three lines of research intend to reconstruct key aspects of their population history and its implications towards their eventual demise.
Casi veinte años de estudios de paleogenética Neandertal han incrementado significativamente nuestro conocimiento sobre su historia evolutiva. El análisis de secuencias genéticas recuperadas a partir de fósiles Neandertales, sugiere que a pesar de que éstos era un grupo de homínidos diferentes a los humanos modernos, cierta grado de introgresión genética ocurrió de Neandertales hacia humanos modernos. Más aún, estudios recientes sugieren que el material genético introducido a éstos pudo haber sido relevante biológicamente para adaptarse a nuevos ambientes. Por otro lado, inferencias a partir de datos genéticos mitocondriales provenientes de muestras de diferentes zonas geográficas y origen temporal, a la par con la secuencia de un genoma completo de alta calidad sugieren que los Neandertales tenían un tamaño efectivo de población reducido y que probablemente estaba disminuyendo hacia el final de su tiempo. La tesis aquí presentada, se enfoca a abordar la historia evolutiva Neandertal a tres niveles de resolución diferentes, analizando datos genéticos provenientes de fósiles. Primero, se analizan otros posibles eventos de introgresión genética con humanos modernos, no descritos hasta la fecha. Posteriormente, se caracteriza a detalle su demografía e identifica cambios específicos para su linaje evolutivo que podrían estar relacionados con las bases genéticas de algunos de sus rasgos morfológicos más distintivos. Finalmente, se describe la estructura genética y dinámica de un grupo social Neandertal. Las perspectivas de estas tres líneas de investigación pretenden no sólo reconstruir aspectos claves de su historia evolutiva, sino también entender las consecuencias que ésta pudo haber tenido con su eventual extinción.

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BRANDI, JAY THOMAS. "STATE SUBSTANTIVE SECURITIES REGULATION: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF EFFICIENCY AT THREE LEVELS OF STRINGENCY (INVESTMENT, RETURNS, RISK)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187973.

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Theoreticians and practitioners consider regulation of the capital marketplace to be an important area of concern due to the potential effects of such regulation on capital resource allocation, investment decision-making, and market efficiency. It is hypothesized that if the level of issue quality required by a state prior to public sale supplies investor benefits, such benefits should take the form of excess returns and/or less variation in return in relation to issues complying with lower standards of quality. The study utilizes an Analysis of Variance and, an analysis of average and cumulative average residuals. Both investigations provide findings that merit regulation is beneficial to new investors increased market efficiency.

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24

Lee, Chan. "Perceived job change toward dimensions of knowledge work among three levels of employees in a Korean bank." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1101953029.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxii, 211 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-158).

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25

Schwartz, Taryn. "Communication in health within the South African context : current practices employed across three levels of health care." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2934.

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26

Ruch, Hunter Thomas. "Practical implications for modern homiletics from Book IV of Augustine's De doctrina Christiana regarding three levels of style." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001-1105.

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27

Scott, Eva Siu Mei Poon. "The A levels' resit policy and its effect on student learning in three educational institutions in England : an investigation into the practice of students resitting examinations in A levels in three educational institutions in England with a view to exploring the implications of the A levels' resit policy for student learning in sixth-form education." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7520/.

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This thesis is a qualitative study of the implications of the resit policy of A levels for student learning in sixth-form education in England. In contrast to many other high-stakes examinations which test students only at the end of a course, A levels use a modular format where students are allowed to resit past units within the two-year sixth-form course with no limit or penalty. Since resits were introduced extensively to A levels ten years ago, the A-level results have been improving steadily. Every year, without fail, there are reports of another 'best-ever' A levels. Yet, instead of national elation, there is mistrust, suspicion and doubt about rising standards amid allegations of grade inflation; resits are seen as the key reason for the big increases in A-level results. The research adopts an interpretivistic approach, based on the accounts of students and academic staff from three sixth-form educational institutions and university admissions tutors at two universities in England. It explores the practice of resits in sixth-form education, including how students make resit decisions, how they improve in the resit, how resits affect student learning, what impact resits have on the certification and selection roles of A levels, and how students of differing learner identity approach the resit challenge. It contends that, due to a lack of appreciation of the rationale behind the resit policy, no control of resits and the highly competitive nature of selection by universities, the A levels' resit policy has resulted in some educationally undesirable practices in sixth-form education. Only those who adopt a positive approach to resits, have help from their teachers and work hard to improve their learning and skills gain from the system and these conditions are differentially available to students. For the others, the resit system has resulted in an over-emphasis on A levels in sixth-form education, which involves taking examinations early through rushed teaching, elaborate resit strategies, dubious revision tactics and reliance on second chances. All these contribute to warping students' understanding of what counts as valid knowledge or what it means to learn. The resit system has accentuated the examination-oriented culture in sixth-form education and has resulted in an increased focus on extrinsic rewards, performance goals and a surface approach to learning, which may ill-equip students for success at university or for life-long learning. The research aims to demonstrate how a well-intentioned policy for a high-stakes examination can have unintended consequences when it comes to actual practice in the classroom. It concludes that in developing educational and assessment policies, due consideration needs to be given to their implications for student learning and their impact on education as a whole.

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Castro, Filho Celso de. "Effects of liming on characteristics of a Brazilian oxisol at three levels of organic matter as related to erosion." Connect to resource, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261406339.

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29

Cotlear, D. "Technological and institutional change among the Peruvian peasantry : A comparison of three regions at different levels of agricultural development." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375886.

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30

Rader, Karen E. "The effects of three different levels of word rate on the listening comprehension of third-quarter university Spanish students." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1248977936.

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31

Walker, Kimberly K. "Differences in objectivity levels of conflict and straight news stories in three newspapers as assessed by coverage, statement, and gatekeeping biases." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1246466.

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While the cannon of objectivity has recently been called into question as the means for evaluating news merit, objectivity continues to harbor public expectation of the news media, especially during times of conflict. Results of past and current objectivity studies of conflict reporting, however, were shown to produce inconsistent and conflicting interpretations of whether the news media is presenting objective coverage of conflicts.To determine objectivity of news coverage, this content analysis examined objectivity differences between three newspapers--the Chicago Tribune, the Indianapolis Star, and the Anderson Herald Bulletin--and how they collectively presented front-page conflict and mainstream straight news stories.The study evaluated the newspapers' collective presentation of the September 11 h terrorist attack for a two-week period from September 12 through September 26, 2001. Presentation of the conflict was compared to a proportionate sample of mainstream straight news stories randomly selected from the months of January through December of 2001.Because the literature review indicated researchers most commonly evaluate news objectivity according to the presence of balance, attribution, or gatekeeping bias, the study assessed differences in objectivity level between conflict and straight news based upon the integration of all three objectivity variables The study's findings suggested that reporting of mainstream straight news was more objective than reporting of the September 11 terrorist attack conflict in the combined three newspapers. Reporting of the terrorist attack was found to be less balanced than reporting of straight news stories, as evidenced by a disproportionate amount of quotations afforded in support of United States war efforts. In addition, conflict stories were found to contain a significantly higher use of negative attributes-non-essential adjectives, inferences, collateral language and non-speech quotes--than straight news stories. Differences between page placement and revelation of theme were found to have no effect on objectivity differences.
Department of Journalism

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32

Uruña, Tito Rolando Freddy. "Metabolic effect of three protein levels in the nutrition of alpacas (Lama pacus) in the experimental station of Brigham Young University." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5443.

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This study had the principal objective of evaluating the metabolic effect of three protein levels in the nutrition of Alpacas (Lama pacus) in the experimental stations of Brigham Young University, located in the city of Provo, Utah, U.S.A at an altitude of 13696 m.a.s.l., and geographically located at 40°12’ north latitude, and 111°43’ west longitude. The climatic characteristics of the state of Utah, particularly in the city of Provo, during the current season registered the following: 4°C of minimum average temperature, 11.4°C of an average mean temperature, and 19°C of maximum average temperature, 55% of relative humidity, and a mean annual precipitation of 353.1 mm; presenting an arid climate. With the principal objective in mind, the following specific objectives were established: verify the physical condition of the Alpaca through the gain or loss of Live Weight (LV) and the weight of the animal internal organs (heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, spleen, brain, and muscle); quantify the changes of the Blood Components (metabolites): Albumin, Total Plasma Protein (TTP), Creatinine, Fatty Acids, Glucose, and Plasma Urea Nitrogen (PUN); determine Nitrogen retention through laboratory analysis of feces and urine; and determine protein digestibility by calculating the percentage of Nitrogen digestibility. For that effect, two tests were performed, one in corrals and the other in metabolic cages, in order to complement the results.

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33

Islam, Maeen Zakaria. "Influence of gender on heart rate and core temperature at critical wbgt for five clothing ensembles at three levels of metabolic rate." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001077.

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34

Miller, Daniel C. "Relationships among three levels of measuring planning : electrophysiological (event-related potentials), neuropsychological (the Category Test), and psychological (PASS scales in adolescent males) /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487672245900973.

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35

Swain, Mamata. "Peasant agriculture and tenancy in Orissa (India) : a study of three villages at different levels of development, with special reference to share tenancy." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1992. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28458/.

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A scrutiny of the theoretical literature on share tenancy reveals that there are two broad approaches to the study of the causes of tenancy, its efficiency implications and its dynamics: i.e. the neoclassical and the Marxist. Neoclassicals consider share tenancy as essentially a contractual arrangement, a rational response to imperfections in rural markets with the aim of improving allocative efficiency in a static setup. The imperfections may arise due to the inherent characteristics of rural markets such as risk, uncertainty, indivisibility, information asymmetry and moral hazard problems. By contrast, Marxists view share tenancy as essentially a production or class relation and a method of surplus appropriation, and a cause of agrarian stagnation in a dynamic context. The applicability of these two approaches to share tenancy is examined with primary data collected from three villages in Orissa in Eastern India. It is concluded that the Marxist approach is more powerful in studying share tenancy, in its addressing the problem in the context of a differentiated class society. Our study lends support to certain aspects of the Marxist approach, while some others are rejected.

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36

Battle, Julia Blair. "The Effect of Three Different Levels of Skill Training in Musical Timbre Discrimination on Alphabet Sound Discrimination in Pre-Kindergarten and Kindergarten Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2544/.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three different levels of skill training in musical timbre discrimination on alphabet sound discrimination in pre-kindergarten and kindergarten children. The findings of prior investigations indicated similarities between aural music and language perception. Psychoacoustic and neurological findings have reported the discrimination of alphabet quality and musical timbre to be similar perceptual functions and have provided, through imaging technology, physical evidence of music learning simultaneously stimulating non-musical areas of the brain. This investigator hypothesized that timbre discrimination, the process of differentiating the characteristic quality of one complex sound from another of identical pitch and loudness, may have been a common factor between music and alphabet sound discrimination. Existing studies had not explored this relationship or the effects of directly teaching for transfer on learning generalization between skills used for the discrimination of musical timbre and alphabet sounds. Variables identified as similar from the literature were the discrimination of same- different musical and alphabet sounds, visual recognition of musical and alphabet pictures as sound sources, and association of alphabet and musical sounds with matching symbols. A randomized pre-post test design with intermittent measures was used to implement the study. There were 5 instructional groups. Groups 1, 2,and 3 received one, two and three levels of skill instruction respectively. Groups 4 received three levels of skill training with instruction for transfer; Group 5 traditional timbre instruction. Students were measured at the 5th (Level 1), 10th (Level 2), 14th (Level 3), and 18th (delayed re-test), weeks of instruction. Results revealed timbre discrimination instruction had a significant impact on alphabet sound-symbol discrimination achievement in pre-kindergarten and kindergarten children. Different levels of timbre instruction had different degrees of effectiveness on alphabet sound discrimination. Students who received three levels of timbre discrimination instruction and were taught to transfer skill similarities from music timbre discrimination to alphabet sound discrimination, were significantly more proficient in alphabet sound symbol discrimination than those who had not received instruction Posttest comparisons indicated skill relationships were strengthened by instruction for transfer. Transfer strategies had a significant impact on the retention of newly learned skills over time.

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37

Hunt, Linda Schmehl. "The Effects of Three Exercise Intensity Levels, Progression Through an Aerobic Exercise Session, and Body Position on Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Elderly /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487929745336901.

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38

Quesnel, Pierre-Olivier. "Use of a boundary line approach to determine optimum nutrition levels for three conifers and their application to nutrient diagnosis in the boreal forest." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82409.

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Knowledge of optimum concentrations and ratios of major nutrients in tree foliage is required to assess the nutrient status of the boreal forest. This thesis aimed at determining foliar nutritional standards for white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), black spruce (Picea mariana Mill. B.S.P.) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and to assess the nutrient status of forest stands across Canada for all major nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Mn) using critical values (CVA) and compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND). Trees were sampled at three locations in Ontario and Quebec to cover a gradient of soil fertility levels. A boundary line approach was used in combination with quadratic regression models to assess the relationship between growth and foliar nutrient concentrations or CND scores when free of the effects of interacting environmental factors. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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39

Wilfong, Jeffery D. "Organizational culture and information technology (IT) project success and failure factors| A mixed-methods study using the competing values framework and Schein's three levels approach." Thesis, Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3628342.

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The percentage of failure in traditional project management is high, as nearly 70% of projects fail (The Standish Group, 2009). Unsuccessful projects impact businesses, customers, and society in sizable ways.

Project success and failure research fit into two categories: (a) project management methodological issues and (b) leadership and organizational behavior issues. Most research focuses on the former. This research addressed the later, specifically examining Information Technology (IT) project workers who reside in the United States.

The central research question was, What is the optimal organizational culture for IT project teams such that success factors are enhanced and failure factors are lessened? A mixed-methods study was designed and implemented. For Phase One, an internet survey was conducted using Cameron and Quinn's (2006) Competing Values Framework (Organizational Culture Assessment Inventory (OCAI)) and compared to a measure of IT Project Success. For Phase Two, qualitative interviews were carried out using Schein's (2004) Three Levels Model of organizational culture, and then a Thematic Analysis was completed to obtain an optimal culture model.

One hundred forty-one participants completed Phase One. Results showed no significant correlation between the four culture types (Clan, Adhocracy, Market, and Hierarchy) and IT project success. For Phase Two, 15 participants of varying job roles and demographics completed interviews. Applying Thematic Analysis techniques, 175 codes related to leadership and organizational behavior issues were determined, which produced twenty-six themes.

The findings from Phase Two produced a set of interrelated organizational culture factors that IT project workers believed were optimal for project success. The framework was termed Enlightened Information Technology Project Culture (EITPC)TM and comprised four dimensions: (a) organizational behavior/leadership, (b) processes, (c) support, and (d) technology. The results suggest that if managers and consultants implemented this model, or applicable factors, that their IT projects would likely have greater success, or lower degrees of failure.

Suggestions for future research is to continue to study leadership and organizational behavior issues of project teams. Additional research is needed on the Enlightened Information Technology Project Culture (EITPC)TM framework to determine whether differing demographics of IT workers and company (or project) types impact the results.

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40

Quispe, Paye Sabina. "Response of three ecotypes of maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) to five levels of ovine manure in the community of Yampupata (Manco Kapac province - La Paz)." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5424.

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This study was conducted in the community of Yampupata, in the municipality of Copacabana, in the Manco Kapac province, La Paz, to an altitude of 3841 m.a.s.l, agricultural campaign 2003-2004. The purpose of the study was to determine and compare the fenological stages (germination, growth, leafing, and harvesting), hypocotyl yield (dry and fresh), classification of the hypocotyl (diameter, length, etc.), and the economical evaluation as well. The experiment set up was installed in the lower region of the community, dedicated to agriculture, performing all the aforementioned activities together for the period of a year. The experimental design was of Random blocking test, having three types of Maca (lepidium mevenni Walp.): yellow, purple, and cream , five levels of ovine manure ( 0.0, 2.5, 7.5, and 10.0 tn/ha), distributed in the four blocks, 15 treatments, 60 experimental units, with a planting density of 3 kg/ha, and a total area of 300 m². According to the results, it is recommended to plant the cream, and the yellow ecotype of Maca, due to their positive development under the conditions of the soil, and climate of the zone. The cream ecotype under the effect of 7.5 tn/ha of ovine manure (a3b3) had a yield of 8055.06 kg/ha in 238 days (8 months) , with a rentability index of 3.75. In comparison, the purple ecotype with a 0.0 tn/ha of ovine manure (a2b1) had a yield of 4319.55 kg/ha, and a rentability index of 1.74 in eight months. The cream ecotype with 7.5 tn/ha of ovine manure, presented the best behavior under local conditions (climate, soil, and handling), the yield and rentability index were superior to the other treatments; therefore, it is recommended to implement a production plan in the sector according to the results obtained from the study.

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41

Venter, Teneille. "The effects of three carbohydrate supplementation protocols on the blood glucose levels in type I diabetic subjects during a 60 minute bout on the treadmill." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4157.

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Diabetes associated complications make management during exercise complex (Brugnara, Vinaixa, Murillo, Samino, Rodriguez, Beltran, Lerin, Davison, Correig & Novials, 2012). Research on the prevention of such challenges is of paramount importance. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of three different carbohydrate supplementation protocols on blood glucose levels after every 10 minutes of a 60 minute exercise bout at 65 to 75 % HRR on the treadmill as well as every half hour during a two hour post exercise recovery period. The three protocols implemented after a standardized pre-exercise meal were: control protocol (no carbohydrate supplementation), protocol 1 (one carbohydrate supplementation of 15 grams given at 30 minutes) and protocol 2 (two carbohydrate supplementation of 15 grams given at 30 minutes and 45 minutes). A total of 32 participants took part in the study (Mean age: 32.84 ±12.12). All participants were submitted to all three protocols. Statistical and practical significant differences were found between blood glucose levels of protocol 0 and protocol 1 (MDIF = 2.62 ± 3.99 mmol.L--‐1) at 20 minutes of the exercise duration (p=.024;d=0.42). Statistical and practical significant differences in blood glucose levels with protocol 0 rendering the higher glucose values were also found between protocols 0 and 2 at 10 minutes (MDIF = 3.44 ± 5.54 mmol.L--‐1; p=.001;d=0.62), 20 minutes (MDIF = 3.32 ± 5.23 mmol.L--‐1; p=.001;d=0.63) and 30 minutes of exercise (MDIF = 2.81 ± 5.40 mmol.L--‐1; p=.006;d=0.52) as well as between the mean minimum (M0 = 9.49 ± 4.51 mmol.L--‐1 and M2 = 7.28 ± 4.07 mmol.L--‐1; p=.013;d=0.46), mean maximum (M0 = 12.73 ± 5.51 mmol.L--‐1 and M2 = 10.07 ± 4.63 mmol.L--‐1; p=.015;d=0.46) and overall mean (M0 = 9.07 ± 4.88 mmol.L--‐1 and M2 = 8.53 ± 4.25 mmol.L--‐1; p=.011;d=0.48) with protocol 0 rendering the higher glucose values in all these comparisons. It was concluded that carbohydrate supplementation during exercise affects blood glucose levels positively particularly considering the significant difference found between protocol 0 and 2. Whilst protocol 2 also resulted in less fluctuations in the blood glucose levels during exercise and minimum, overall mean and maximum blood glucose values were closer to “normal/safe” range, there was no conclusive evidence that protocol 2 was better than protocol 1.

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42

Bergqvist, Linnea. "Objectively measured physical activity in three-year-old children : Associations with BMI, gender and parental socioeconomic status." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4768.

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Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to describe levels and patterns of three-year-old children´s physical activity. Furthermore, to investigate if there were any weight status-, gender- and parental SES differences in three-year-old children’s physical activity levels, using objective and subjective measurements from Early Stockholm Obesity Prevention Project (Early STOPP). Methods Data from 93 children, three years of age, included in the Early STOPP study was used. Children wore an actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer for at least four consecutive days including one weekend day. Average activity in counts per minute (CPM), time spent in sedentary, light PA and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed (5 s epoch) and used to examine differences between gender, weight status (ISOBMI according to Cole et al) and socioeconomic status (SES). For this reason an index measuring SES was created using subjective data; parental reported information on living conditions and background characteristics, from the Early STOPP study. Differences between weekdays and weekend days was also examined. Results The result showed neither any differences in PA between gender nor weight status and no differences between SES-groups. There was a difference in PA levels between weekdays and weekend days and a difference in PA between housing types. The children spent more time being active on weekdays and children living in apartments were more active than children living in villas. Children spent approximately 67% of their time being sedentary and an average of 12,5 minutes in MVPA. Conclusion The study concludes that PA-levels in children three years of age are low. There was a difference between housings, suggesting that parents/guardians play an important role in young children’s PA. However more research is needed to fully understand the PA-behavior of young children and their parents. The absence of PA differences between genders implies that gender differences later in childhood is an effect of social structures rather than innate differences. Objectively measured PA on children at this age is rare and therefore this study contributes to the knowledge regarding young children’s PA-behavior. Furthermore there is also a need to establish agreed upon definitions for SES and of thresholds to use when examining PA with accelerometer.
Sammanfattning Syfte Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva tre år gamla barns fysiska aktivitetsmönster och nivåer. Samt att undersöka om det fanns några skillnader i fysisk aktivitet (FA) beroende på viktstatus, kön och socioekonomisk tillhörighet genom objektiva och subjektiva mått från Early Stockholm Obesity Prevention Project (Early STOPP). Metod Data från 93 treåriga barn inkluderade I Early STOPP studien användes. Barnen använde en Actigraph GT3X+ rörelsemätare under minst fyra sammanhängande dagar med minst en helgdag. Genomsnittlig FA i slag per minut (CPM), tid i stillasittande, lätt aktivitet samt måttlig till kraftig fysisk aktivitet (MVPA) bedömdes (5 s intervaller) och användes för att undersöka om det fanns skillnader mellan kön, viktstatus (ISOBMI enligt Cole et al) samt socioekonomisk status (SES). Av denna anledning skapades ett index för SES med hjälp av subjektiva data; föräldrarapporterad information kring bakgrund och levnadsförhållanden från Early STOPP-studien. Även skillnader i FA mellan vardagar och helger undersöktes. Resultat Resultaten visade inga skillnader i FA mellan könen, viktstatus eller socioekonomisk tillhörighet. Det fanns däremot en skillnad mellan veckodagar och helger samt mellan boendeformer. Barnen var mer aktiva under veckodagarna och barnen boende i lägenhet var mer aktiva än barnen boende i villa. Ca 67 % av tiden spenderades i stillasittande och ungefär 12,5 min per dag spenderades i MVPA. Slutsats Studien drar slutsatsen att aktivitetsnivån hos tre år gamla barn är låg. Det fanns en skillnad i FA mellan boendeformer vilket indikerar att föräldrar/vårdnadshavare spelar en viktig roll för små barns aktivitet. Dock behövs mer forskning för att till fullo förstå barn och föräldrars aktivitetsmönster och hur dessa samvarierar. Avsaknaden av skillnader i FA mellan könen indikerar att könsskillnader senare i barndomen är en effekt av sociala strukturer snarare än medfödda skillnader. Objektivt uppmätt fysisk aktivitet hos barn i den här åldern är ovanligt och därför bidrar denna studie med kunskap kring små barns FA. Avslutningsvis drar denna studie slutsatsen att det finns ett behov av internationella bestämmelser kring definitioner av SES och av tröskelvärden att använda när FA mäts med accelerometri.

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Beneš, Jiří. "Knihovna." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227526.

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Subject of my thesis is the design and preparation of project documentation for building permit municipal library land parcel. no. 885/1,. The building is designed in accordance with the master plan of the town dissertation received. It is situated so as not to disrupt local development. Its shape and because it is designed to fit into the local structure. Further emphasis on ensuring the structure after the static, architectural, energy saving and safety in use of the building. The building has four floors with a flat roof on three levels. It is a monolithic skeletal structure. Layout 1st floor is composed of hall with information, bookstore and multi-purpose hall. In the 2nd floor there is a borrowing of books for children and youth with stationery (copycentrum). In the 3rd floor is located also borrowing books, but this time for adults. 4th floor consists of the administration of the library. Each floor has restrooms for visitors and staff, storage and archives. The entire building is designed as a barrier.

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Hui, Shun-wing, and 許順榮. "The prediction of physical activity levels of Hong Kong primary six and secondary three students from their attitudes toward physicalactivity: a partial test of Ajzen's theory ofplanned behavior." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257215.

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Hancock, Christine [Verfasser], and Elisabeth [Akademischer Betreuer] Obermaier. "Influence of land use on Plantago lanceolata L. and its higher trophic levels at different spatial scales and in three geographic regions / Christine Hancock, geb. Herbst. Betreuer: Elisabeth Obermaier." Würzburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Würzburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028326319/34.

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Kolbash, Stacy L. "Investigation of a relationship between the core PAT family proteins and their expression in adipose tissue from specific depots of three mouse models with varying levels of GH signaling." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1187645900.

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Rungapadiachy, Dev Mardaymootoo. "The role of the mental health nurse : a comparison of the perceptions of mental health nurses at three levels of experience (pre-post registration, and experienced mental health nurses)." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400864.

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Steimanis, Ivo [Verfasser], and Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] Vollan. "How does climate change affect human behavior? - Empirical evidence from three of the most exposed regions to rising sea-levels: Solomon Islands, Bangladesh, and Vietnam. / Ivo Steimanis ; Betreuer: Björn Vollan." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228535671/34.

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Hui, Shun-wing. "The prediction of physical activity levels of Hong Kong primary six and secondary three students from their attitudes toward physical activity : a partial test of Ajzen's theory of planned behavior /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23426020.

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Mc, Donagh Sarah Hadley. "Developing automaticity at the component skill levels of letter-sound correspondence, letter combinations, word reading and connected text : an analysis of outcomes for children at risk for reading difficulties in grades two and three /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3113018.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 249-258). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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