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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Thermoplastic elastomer characterization"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 15 червня 2024

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  1. Статті в журналах
  2. Дисертації
  3. Частини книг
  4. Тези доповідей конференцій

Статті в журналах з теми "Thermoplastic elastomer characterization":

1

Major, Zoltan, Matei C. Miron, and Umut D. Cakmak. "Characterization of Thermoplastic Elastomers for Design Efforts." Advanced Materials Research 905 (April 2014): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.905.161.

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Different grades of several thermoplastic elastomer types were selected and are investigated over a wide frequency/time, temperature and loading range in a research project of the authors. Relevant material models are selected for different loading situations and based on these experimental data the material model parameters were determined either directly or by applying fitting procedures. These models along with the proper data were used for modeling the deformation and the failure behavior of typical engineering thermoplastic elastomer components. Furthermore, based on the modeling of various elastomers under different service relevant loading situation several design proposals were formulated.
2

Bartolomé, L., A. Aginagalde, A. B. Martínez, M. A. Urchegui, and W. Tato. "EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION AND MODELLING OF LARGE-STRAIN VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR OF A THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE ELASTOMER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 86, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 146–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.13.87998.

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ABSTRACT Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPUs) are a kind of elastomer that can be processed as thermoplastics. These elastomers exhibit a highly nonlinear behavior characterized by hyper-elastic deformability. Furthermore, the mechanical behavior of these elastomers is time-dependent, that is, they exhibit a viscoelastic behavior. We describe the material response of a TPU under moderate strains (ɛ < 1) by using an overlay visco-hyperelastic model assuming separation of time dependence from nonlinear stress–strain behavior. To achieve this goal, cyclic loading–unloading experimental tests are carried out for two homogeneous deformation states, uniaxial tension and pure shear, and the strain–stress data are then analyzed to fit a hyperelastic model. Conversely, a viscoelastic model is obtained from relaxation tests. Finally, the visco-hyperelastic model is implemented in a finite element calculation tool (ABAQUS), and the numerical results show a reasonable correlation with experimental data. As a result, a overlay visco-hyperelastic model depending on maximum strain is proposed.
3

Mars, W. V., and M. D. Ellul. "FATIGUE CHARACTERIZATION OF A THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 90, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 367–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.17.83780.

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ABSTRACT The capacity to resist crack development in an olefinic thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) has been measured via a set of experiments that quantify (1) the fracture mechanical strength of the material under quasi-static loads, (2) the rate of growth of a crack under dynamic solicitations as a function of the energy release rate, and (3) the size of crack precursors in new material. Because the subject TPE exhibited strong inelasticity in the stress–strain response, it also was necessary to characterize the development of an inelastic set under cyclic loading as a function of the applied strain. Combined with the multiplicative kinematic split, this additional measurement yields the elastic part of the strain. It also enables engineering calculations to be made of fatigue life.
4

Yang, Ying, Tsuneo Chiba, Hiromu Saito, and Takashi Inoue. "Physical characterization of a polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer." Polymer 39, no. 15 (July 1998): 3365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(97)10119-7.

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5

Allcorn, Eric K., Maurizio Natali, and Joseph H. Koo. "Ablation performance and characterization of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer nanocomposites." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 45 (February 2013): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.08.017.

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6

Verma, Gaurav, Bhawna Kulshreshtha, Sandeep Tyagi, and Anup K. Ghosh. "PBT/Thermoplastic Elastomer Blends—Mechanical, Morphological, and Rheological Characterization." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 47, no. 10 (September 29, 2008): 969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03602550802274662.

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7

Pramanik, M., S. K. Srivastava, B. K. Samantaray, and A. K. Bhowmick. "Synthesis and characterization of organosoluble, thermoplastic elastomer/clay nanocomposites." Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 40, no. 18 (August 8, 2002): 2065–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.10266.

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8

Major, Zoltan, Mikel Isasi, and Thomas Schwarz. "Characterization of the Fracture and Fatigue Behavior of Thermoplastic Elastomer Materials." Key Engineering Materials 417-418 (October 2009): 789–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.417-418.789.

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Thermoplastic elastomers are a relatively new group of engineering materials and are increasingly used in various technical applications (i.e., seals, gaskets, damping elements, and membranes) where the fatigue resistance plays an important role. The fracture behavior of elastomers is often characterized using the tearing energy concept, T. However, hardly any data are available for these types of materials. Hence, an unfilled and a filled thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) type were investigated under cyclic loading conditions. The pure shear specimen configuration was used in the experimental part of this study. Crack growth kinetics curves were determined and the cycle number and the tests frequency dependence of these curves investigated. While a stable crack growth process was observed at 2 Hz the crack growth became unstable above specific test amplitude at 10 Hz.
9

Adrover-Monserrat, Bàrbara, Silvia García-Vilana, David Sánchez-Molina, Jordi Llumà, Ramón Jerez-Mesa, and J. Antonio Travieso-Rodriguez. "Viscoelastic Characterization of a Thermoplastic Elastomer Processed through Material Extrusion." Polymers 14, no. 14 (July 18, 2022): 2914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14142914.

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Objective. We aim to characterize the viscoelastic behavior of Polyether-Block-Amide (PEBA 90A), provide reference values for the parameters of a constitutive model for the simulation of mechanical behaviors, and paying attention to the influence of the manufacturing conditions. Methods. Uniaxial relaxation tests of filaments of PEBA were used to determine the values of the parameters of a Prony series for a Quasi-Linear Visco-Elastic (QLVE) model. Additional, fast cyclic loading tests were used to corroborate the adequacy of the model under different test criteria in a second test situation. Results. The QLVE model predicts the results of the relaxation tests very accurately. In addition, the behavior inferred from this model fits very well with the measurements of fast cyclic loading tests. The viscoelastic behavior of PEBA under small strain polymer fits very well to a six-parameter QLVE model.
10

Wang, Wenshou, Peng Ping, Haijun Yu, Xuesi Chen, and Xiabin Jing. "Synthesis and characterization of a novel biodegradable, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 44, no. 19 (2006): 5505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.21643.

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Статті в журналах Дисертації

Дисертації з теми "Thermoplastic elastomer characterization":

1

Fu, Lin. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OLIGO(¿-ALANINE) GRAFTED STYRENEBUTADIENE RUBBER." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1491521308494791.

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2

VU, YEN THI. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ELASTOMER-BASED COMPOSITES AND POLYMER-IMMOBILIZED COLLOIDAL TRANSITION METAL NANOPARTICLES: CATALYTIC SELECTIVITY AND MORPHOLOGY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1004541836.

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3

Jindal, Aditya Jindal. "Electrospinning and Characterization of Polyisobutylene-based Thermoplastic Elastomeric Fiber Mats For Drug Release Application." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1512483246405986.

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4

Pollock, Gregory S. "Synthesis and characterization of silk-inspired thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33718.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references.
Segmented polyurethane elastomers containing additional ordered structures within the hard or soft domains were developed to mimic the hierarchical structure and superior properties observed in spider silk fibers. The silk's toughness is related to a fiber morphology that includes P-pleated crystalline sheets within an amorphous matrix, as well as an additional interphase with an orientation and mobility between that of the two microphases. In the polyurethane mimics, bulky aromatic diisocyanates were incorporated between aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) hard segments and poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO) soft segments, to enhance the size and orientation of the interphase. The mixture of diisocyanates reduces the crystallinity of the HDI hard segments, allowing the polyurethane to form more well-organized domains observed by AFM imaging. The more interconnected hard domains allow the elastomers to deform to higher elongations and absorb more energy without a decrease of initial modulus. Shearing of the hydrogen-bonded hard domains orients the hard blocks at a preferred tilt angle of ±20⁰ from the strain direction during tensile deformation.
(cont.) While the average spacing of hard domains increases during deformation, the spacing of hard domains aligned with the strain decreases, and the spacing of hard domains at the preferred tilt angle remains constant. Strain-induced crystallization of the PTMO soft segments was observed in all samples; however, hard segments with mixed diisocyanates exhibited non-crystalline alignment of the hard domains. Several polyurethane nanocomposite structures were also created using particles that preferentially associate with hard or soft segments. HDI-PTMO polyurethane/Laponite nanocomposites provided modest mechanical property improvements (80% increase in modulus and 15% increase in toughness) without any loss of extensibility. The Laponite discs exhibited an exfoliated structure, associating with and reinforcing the hydrophilic polyurethane hard segments. HDI-PTMO polyurethane/MQ siloxane resin nanocomposites also exhibited particle association with the hard segments, providing a 60% increase in modulus with a small loss of toughness.
(cont.) However, composites of isobutyl-POSS dispersed in polyurethanes with mixed hard segments exhibited formation of POSS crystals associated with the soft segments at all loadings, resulting in tensile failure at strains 80-100% lower than the pure polyurethane.
by Gregory Stewart Pollock.
Ph.D.
5

Ramezani, Kakroodi Adel. "Production and characterization of thermoplastic elastomers based on recycled rubber." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30327/30327.pdf.

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Ce travail de doctorat est consacré à la production et à la caractérisation de composés polymères à base de matrices thermoplastiques en mélange avec des particules de caoutchoucs recyclés. Les principales applications visées sont: (A) la production d’élastomères thermoplastiques (TPE) à haute teneur (50% et plus) en poudrette de caoutchouc de pneus usés (GTR); et (B) l’amélioration de la résistance à l’impact des composites thermoplastiques avec de faibles concentrations en GTR. Dans la première partie de ce travail, du polyéthylène maléaté (MAPE) a été utilisé comme matrice pour produire des mélanges MAPE/GTR présentant d'excellentes caractéristiques en tant qu’élastomère thermoplastique. Puis, les effets de différents mécanismes de dégradation (humidité, chaleur et recyclage) sur les propriétés des composites MAPE/GTR ont été largement examinés afin d’évaluer le potentiel de ces matériaux après plusieurs cycles d’utilisation. Enfin, le renforcement des TPE/GTR par différentes particules solides (poudre de bois et talc) a été étudié pour des applications plus exigeantes (caractéristiques mécaniques). Dans la seconde partie de ce travail, une nouvelle approche est proposée pour la modification de la résistance aux chocs des composites à base de polypropylène renforcé par des charges organique (chanvre) et inorganiques (talc, verre). L’amélioration des propriétés à l'impact de ces composites a été réalisée par l’addition d’un mélange à base de polypropylène maléaté (MAPP) et de poudrette de caoutchouc (GTR et déchets d’EPDM) contenant des concentrations élevées (jusqu’à 70% en poids) de déchets caoutchoutiques.
This Ph.D. work is devoted to the production and characterization of polymer compounds based on thermoplastic matrix filled with waste rubber powder. The main applications include: (A) the production of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) resins containing high ground tire rubber (GTR) contents (50% and higher), and (B) impact modification of thermoplastic composites using low concentrations of GTR. In the first part of the work, maleated polyethylene (MAPE) is proposed as a matrix to produce MAPE/GTR blends having excellent characteristics as thermoplastic elastomers. Then, the effects of different degradation mechanisms (weathering, thermal degradation and reprocessing) on the properties of MAPE/GTR compounds were extensively investigated to determine their potential for further recycling. Finally, the reinforcement of GTR filled TPE was investigated using different types of solid particles (wood flour and talc) for more demanding applications (mechanical characteristics). In the second part of the work, a new approach is proposed for impact modification of polypropylene based composites based on organic (hemp) and inorganic (talc and glass) reinforcements. The effective improvement of the impact properties of these composites is performed through the addition of a masterbatch based on maleated polypropylene (MAPP)/waste rubber powder (GTR or waste EPDM) containing high concentrations (70% by weight) of waste rubber.
6

Gergely, Attila Levente. "Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Alloocimene-b-Isobutylene) Thermoplastic Elastomers." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1404212407.

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7

Lee, Bin. "Synthesis and characterization of high performance polytetrahydrofuran based polyurethane-urea and ionene elastomers." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80277.

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In this thesis, the effect of interphase bonding on the cohesiveness of domain structure was addressed. The interchain attractive forces between rigid segments and the phase separation between hard and soft segments have been improved by introducing either urea groups or ionic units. The urea linkages have the possibility of extensive hydrogen bonding while ionic units interact with each other by coulombic interactions, which provide even stronger interchain associations than the hydrogen bonding effects. This thesis addressed the preparation and characterization of polytetrahydrofuran based segmented polyurethane-urea and ionene elastomers. The urea linkages were effectively introduced to the polyurethane elastomers through an unconventional route which was based on carbamate-isocyanate interactions. The carbamates were generated principally from isocyanate functional prepolymers and tertiary alcohols. The carbamates were rearranged thermally and/or catalytically to produce amines which were rapidly converted to ureas. The effects of varying the size of the rigid and flexible segments in polyurethane elastomers on physical behavior were investigated. The importance of hydrogen bonding interactions in promoting phase separation of hard and soft segments and the cohesiveness of hard segment domain structure was demonstrated. Living, difunctional polytetrahydrofuran dioxonium ions were prepared via triflic anhydride initiation. The direct coupling of these "living" polytetrahydrofuran dioxonium ions with a ditertiary amine was used to produce a novel segmented ionene elastomer. The ionenes thus synthesized displayed interesting solution behavior and could be molded, or cast to produce good physical properties. Photochromic as well as thermochromic phenomena were also noticed in these systems.
Ph. D.
8

RAJAN, GURU SANKAR. "PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME UNUSUAL ELASTOMERIC AND PLASTIC COMPOSITES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1022871144.

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9

Williamson, David. "Synthesis and Characterization of Well-Defined Poly(1,3-Cyclohexadiene) Homopolymers and Copolymers." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29090.

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Polymers containing poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) were synthesized using a novel pre-formed initiator comprised of an alkyllithium and a tertiary diamine. The use of a pre-formed intiator at moderate temperatures (25° C) enabled the synthesis of high molecular weight poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) homopolymers ( = 50000) with narrow molecular weight distributions (/ = 1.20). In contrast, the use of a conventional anionic initiation approach resulted in polymerizations that lacked significant degrees of livingness, which limited the polymer molecular weights to approximately 10000. Use of the preformed initiator resulted in a reduction in the degree of both chain termination and chain transfer. In addition, the livingness of the polymerization was shown to be a function of the monomer concentration and the polymerization temperature. The regiochemistry of the polymers were shown to be dependent on the tertiary amine used in the polymerization, which provided a route for the synthesis of polymers with a microstructure rich in either high 1,2-addition (70%) or high 1,4-addition (90%). A range of analytical methods were employed to determine the stereo and regiochemistry of poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene). These methods included 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and endgroup functionalization of the propagating center with chlorotrimethylsilane. The impact of regiochemistry on the thermal properties was examined using differential scanning calorimetry. In addition, the thermooxidative properties of these poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) polymers were characterized in a series of oxidative studies and the onset of oxidative degradation occurred at 110° C. Perfectly alternating copolymers of poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene-alt-styrene) were synthesized, and the reactivity ratios for these copolymers (r1,3CHD = 0.022, rstyrene = 0.024) were determined using a conventional Mayo-Lewis approach. The effect of aromatization and hydrogenation on the thermal properties of these copolymers was determined using thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The synthesis of poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene) DVB coupled star-shaped polymers was performed using a convergent arm-first approach in combination with a divinylbenzene coupling agent (PDI = 1.25). Well-defined poly(1,3-cyclohexadiene-block-isoprene)-star shaped polymers were synthesized and utilized for the development of novel high temperature thermoplastic elastomers, with excellent elastomeric properties (percent elongation = 745 %, tensile strength = 7.2 MPa). Atomic force microscopy in combination with differential scanning calorimetry verified the presence of microphase separation between the blocks.
Ph. D.
10

Hassan, Mohamed K. I. "Novel Elastomers, Characterization Techniques, and Improvements in the Mechanical Properties of Some Thermoplastic Biodegradable Polymers and Their Nanocomposites." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1086633832.

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Частини книг з теми "Thermoplastic elastomer characterization":

1

Tayeb, A., J. B. Le Cam, and B. Loez. "Thermoelastic Characterization of 3D Printed Thermoplastic Elastomers." In Thermomechanics & Infrared Imaging, Inverse Problem Methodologies, Mechanics of Additive & Advanced Manufactured Materials, and Advancements in Optical Methods & Digital Image Correlation, Volume 4, 65–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86745-4_9.

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2

Nagalia, Gaurav. "Wear Failures of Plastics." In Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics, 1–10. ASM International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v11b.a0006850.

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Abstract This article presents the mechanisms of polymer wear and quantifies wear in terms of wear rate (rate of removal of the material). Interfacial and bulk wear are discussed as well as a discussion on the wear study of "elastomers," "thermosets," "glassy thermoplastics," and "semicrystalline thermoplastics." The article also discusses the effects of environment and lubricant on the wear failures of polymers. It presents a case study on considering nylon as a tribological material and failure examples, explaining wear resistance of polyurethane elastomeric coatings and failure of an acetal gear wheel.
3

Norbert, Vennemann. "Characterization of Thermoplastic Elastomers by Means of Temperature Scanning Stress Relaxation Measurements." In Thermoplastic Elastomers. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/35976.

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4

"Characterization and Applications of Dielectrics." In Design and Investment of High Voltage NanoDielectrics, 12–48. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3829-6.ch002.

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A polymer is an expansive atom (macromolecule) created about rehashing decimal structural units regularly joined by covalent compound bonds. At the same time, polymer is prevalent in use and is recommended over plastic. This chapter contains the characterization and applications of polymer. It handled also the polymer forms, classification of polymers. It contains also thermoplastic polymers and thermosetting polymers, elastomers polymers to obtain the required applications.
5

Pieper, Robert. "Thermal Analysis and Thermal Properties." In Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics, 95–123. ASM International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v11b.a0006923.

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Abstract This article discusses the thermal properties of engineering plastics and elastomers with respect to chemical composition, chain configuration, and base polymer conformation as determined by thermal analysis. It describes the processing of base polymers with or without additives and their response to chemical, physical, and mechanical stresses whether as an unfilled, shaped article or as a component of a composite structure. It summarizes the basic thermal properties of thermoplastics and thermosets, including thermal conductivity, temperature resistance, thermal expansion, specific heat, and glass transition temperature. It also provides information on polyimide and bismaleimide resin systems. Representative examples of different types of engineering thermoplastics are discussed primarily in terms of structure and thermal properties.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Thermoplastic elastomer characterization":

1

Lee, Jason, Joseph Koo, and Ofodike Ezekoye. "Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer Nanocomposite Ablatives: Characterization and Performance." In 47th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-6051.

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2

Ho, David, Joseph Koo, Jason Lee, and Ofodike Ezekoye. "Thermophysical Properties Characterization of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer Nanocomposites." In 44th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-5146.

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3

Ho, Dave, Ofodike Ezekoye, and Joseph Koo. "Thermophysical Properties and Microstructural Characterization of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer Nanocomposites." In 40th Thermophysics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-4357.

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4

Rizvi, Reza, Hani Naguib, and Elaine Biddiss. "Characterization of a Porous Multifunctional Nanocomposite for Pressure Sensing." In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-8178.

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This study focuses on the characterization of a porous multifunctional elastomer-CNT nanocomposites for potential use as pressure sensors. A thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was chosen as an elastomeric matrix, which was reinforced with multiwall carbon nanotubes (0–10 wt%) by high shear twin screw extrusion mixing. Porosity was introduced to the composites through the phase separation of a single TPU-CO2 solution. Interactions between MWNT and TPU were elucidated through calorimetry, gravimetric decomposition, conductivity measurements and microstructure imaging. The piezoresistance (pressure-resistance) behavior of the nanocomposites was investigated and found to be dependent on MWNT concentration and nanocomposite microstructure.
5

Rodriguez, Oscar O., Juan Carbone, Arturo A. Fuentes, Robert E. Jones, and Constantine Tarawneh. "Heat Generation in the Railroad Bearing Thermoplastic Elastomer Suspension Element." In 2016 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2016-5823.

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The main purpose of this ongoing study is to investigate the effect of heat generation within a railroad thermoplastic elastomer suspension element on the thermal behavior of the railroad bearing assembly. Specifically, the purpose of this project is to quantify the heat generated by cyclic loading of the elastomer suspension element as a function of load amplitude, loading frequency, and operating temperature. The contribution of the elastomer pad to the system energy balance is modeled using data from dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of the specific materials in use for that part. DMA is a technique that is commonly used to characterize material properties as a function of temperature, time, frequency, stress, atmosphere or a combination of these parameters. DMA tests were run on samples of pad material prepared by three different processes: injection molded coupons, transfer molded coupons, and parts machined from an actual pad. The results provided a full characterization of the elastic deformation (Energy Storage) and viscous dissipation (Energy Dissipation) behavior of the material as a function of loading frequency, and temperature. These results show that the commonly used thermoplastic elastomer does generate heat under cyclic loading, though the frequency which produces peak heat output is outside the range of common loading frequency in rail service. These results can be combined with a stress analysis and service load measurements to estimate internally generated heat and, thus, enable a refined model for the evolution of bearing temperature during operation.
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IGBOKWE, EMMANUEL, SAMUEL IBEKWE, PATRICK MENSAH, GUOGIANG LI, and CHINMEN DAVID. "THE EFFECT OF TWO-WAY SHAPE MEMORY ON THE HEALING OF POLY (ETHYLENE-CO-METHACRYLIC ACID) AND POLYBUTADIENE BLEND." In Proceedings for the American Society for Composites-Thirty Seventh Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc37/36419.

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Development in self-healing materials and smart composites has continuously improved for many decades and has given rise to many real-life applications with implications for engineering materials, structures, and human beings who rely on these technological innovations to further human endeavor. This study involves the use of intrinsic selfhealing ability of poly (ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) thermoplastic, known by its commercial name as Surlyn 9520©, and combined two-way shape memory effect with Di cumyl-peroxide (DCP) cross-linked polybutadiene elastomer to achieve crack narrowing and closure with subsequent healing of the polymer blend surface. The simple batch mixing process resulted in an immiscible yet compatible blend, determined by two distinct melting peaks from DSC characterization and FTIR spectroscopy analysis. Different blends ratios of 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50 were investigated and characterized. However, the 80/20 blend was chosen to demonstrate the significance of the two-way shape memory effect, where a material experiences elongation upon cooling and contraction upon heating to achieve crack closure and effectual healing. Two sets of samples were studied; control Sample known as 2A and 2B samples were one time programmed to about 300% strain. Self-healing, which is a function of the poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic) acid component of the blend, was established for both sets of specimens. The flexural properties from three-point bending test indicate that although both sets of samples achieved good healing efficiencies, the 2B programmed samples displayed better healing efficiencies than the control by 30%.
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Dev, Bodhayan, Jifeng Wang, Om P. Samudrala, and Qi Xuele. "Characterization of thermoplastic-elastomeric seals at high pressures and temperatures." In 52nd AIAA/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-4922.

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Rizvi, Reza R., Alex Czekanski, and Hani E. Naguib. "Characterization and FEA Based Optimization of Elastomeric Components for Automotive Applications." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11307.

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This study aims to show the implementation of an optimization procedure by characterizing the material’s hyperelastic behavior in harsh environments experienced in facility testing and in real world automotive conditions. The procedure consists of conducting material tests under various simulated harsh environments, determining the co-efficients for hyperelastic material modeling and using FEA to predict and correlate the nature of failure observed in facility testing. Two commercially available and commonly employed thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), Santoprene (Ethylene-Propylene-Diene-Monomer rubber and Polypropylene blend) and Desmopan (Thermoplastic Polyurethane), were tested. The harsh environments simulated are fluid immersion tests in automobile grease. Material aging characteristics in controlled thermal conditions were also documented. Compression and tension tests were conducted in order to determine the co-oefficients of the Mooney Rivlin hyperelastic material model. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations were conducted on LS-DYNA software, to determine the quasi-static stress distributions on an overslam bumper part, a typical application of automotive elastomers. Shape and topological variations were investigated in the FEA tests. It was found that certain shape and topological changes to the part result in minimizing the stress concentrations. It is hypothesized that such changes to the rubber component would result in a lower failure rate in facility testing.
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Ries, S., A. Spoerrer, and V. Altstaedt. "Foam injection molding of thermoplastic elastomers: Blowing agents, foaming process and characterization of structural foams." In PROCEEDINGS OF PPS-29: The 29th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society - Conference Papers. American Institute of Physics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4873809.

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Menon, Nalini C., Alan M. Kruizenga, Kyle J. Alvine, Chris San Marchi, April Nissen, and Kriston Brooks. "Behaviour of Polymers in High Pressure Environments as Applicable to the Hydrogen Infrastructure." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63713.

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Polymeric materials have played a significant role in the adoption of a multi-materials approach towards the development of a safe and cost-effective solution for hydrogen fuel storage in Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs). Numerous studies exist with regards to the exposure of polymeric materials to gaseous hydrogen as applicable to the hydrogen infrastructure and related compression, storage, delivery, and dispensing operations of hydrogen at fueling stations. However, the behavior of these soft materials under high pressure hydrogen environments has not been well understood. This study involves exposure of select thermoplastic and elastomeric polymers to high pressure hydrogen (70–100 MPa) under static, isothermal, and isobaric conditions followed by characterization of physical properties and mechanical performance. Special attempt has been made to explain hydrogen effects on polymer properties in terms of polymer structure-property relationships, and also understand the influential role played by additives such as fillers, plasticizers, and processing aids in polymers exposed to hydrogen. Efforts have also been focused on deriving suitable conditions of static testing in high pressure hydrogen environments as a valuable part of developing a suitable test methodology for such systems. Understanding the relationships between polymer composition and microstructure, time of exposure, rate of depressurization, purge and exposure conditions, etc. in this simple study will help better define the test parameters for upcoming high pressure cycling experiments in hydrogen.

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