Готові списки джерел за темами / Thermal flaw detection

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Thermal flaw detection"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Thermal flaw detection"

McLaughlin, P. V., M. G. Mirchandani, and P. V. Ciekurs. "Infrared Thermographic Flaw Detection in Composite Laminates." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 109, no. 2 (April 1, 1987): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3225954.

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Research performed to develop thermography as a routine rapid flaw detection tool for large composite structures is presented. The externally applied thermal field (EATF) technique is described whereby surface cracks or sub-surface impact damage creates detectable surface temperature perturbations when heated. EATF thermographic procedures and flaw detection capabilities in multidirectional and unidirectional graphite and glass fiber composites are described. The method’s advantages and limitations are outlined.

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Maldague, Xavier P. "Subsurface flaw detection in reflective materials by thermal-transfer imaging." Optical Engineering 30, no. 1 (1991): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.55760.

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Nucera, Claudio, Robert Phillips, and Francesco Lanza di Scalea. "Ultrasonic Guided Wave Monitoring of Railroad Tracks." Advances in Science and Technology 83 (September 2012): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.83.198.

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Among structural concerns for the safety of rail transportation are internal flaws and thermal stresses, both of which can cause disruption of service and even derailments. Ultrasonic guided waves lend themselves to addressing both of these problems. This paper reports on two inspection systems for rails being developed at UCSD under the auspices of the US Federal Railroad Administration. Both systems utilize ultrasonic guided waves as the main probing mechanism, for the two different applications of flaw detection and thermal stress detection.

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Kaufmann, Guillermo H., Matías R. Viotti, and Gustavo E. Galizzi. "Flaw Detection Improvement in Temporal Speckle Pattern Interferometry Using Thermal Waves." Journal of Holography and Speckle 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jhs.2004.011.

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Kaufmann, Guillermo H. "Flaw detection using lock-in temporal speckle pattern interferometry and thermal waves." Optical Engineering 46, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 115601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2801725.

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Kozelskaya, S. "Integrated thermal flaw detection technology of complex spatial composite structures in operation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1636 (September 2020): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1636/1/012023.

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Komolikov, Yu I., S. E. Chernykh, I. D. Kashcheev, and V. N. Kostin. "Flaw detection of tubural refractory products by the method of thermal testing." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 9 (November 24, 2021): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2021-9-55-57.

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Yang, Ping, Ge Jing, and Cui Ming Li. "The Calculation and Analysis of the Infrared Thermal Wave Nondestructive Testing for the Defects of the Parts in the Turnout Point Switch." Applied Mechanics and Materials 328 (June 2013): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.328.393.

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This paper did quantitive flaw detection research to the defective parts of turnout point switch by using infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing based of the theory of infrared nondestructive testing. By using ANSYS, I made the numeric simulation test to parts of the inside known defection point switch, and made calculation and analysis for the result of this numeric simulation test. The result demonstrated that this method can achieve the quantitive infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing to defective parts of point switch.

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Li, Zhuo Qiu, Xiong Zhang, and Jiang Tao Zhang. "Solution of Transient Temperature Field for Thermographic NDT Under Joule Effect Heating." Journal of Heat Transfer 127, no. 7 (January 6, 2005): 670–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1924625.

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Conducting infrared thermographic nondestructive testing (NDT) by the internal heat generated by Joule effect of components is a new heating approach for flaw detection. Due to the combination of electric field and thermal field, the irregular geometric boundary and the complicated internal heat source distribution, the theoretical solution of transient temperature field is very difficult. Nowadays numerical solution by FEM and FDM is mainly applied. By adopting certain assumptions, this paper presents a method to obtain the approximate temperature field by using Green’s function, and gives the solution of a two-dimensional rectangular field including a circular flaw. By contrast, the result tallies with the FEM results well.

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Tang, Jin Jun, Cui Liang, and Chen Guang Xu. "Effect of Pore Defect Size and Location on Damage Tolerance of Aluminum Alloy Piston and Fiber Ring Groove." Materials Science Forum 1053 (February 17, 2022): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-tm5h6i.

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The defects of high-power density piston aluminum alloy components involved in this paper include surface crack, internal crack, shrinkage cavity and cold shut. The service condition of piston components is 350°C-420°C, and the explosion pressure of piston crown is 28Mpa. The requirements for eddy current flaw detection of this component are in accordance with a and requirements in GB / T5126-2013 eddy current flaw detection standard, that is, it is not allowed to be greater than 0.12mm × 0.2mm × 3mm volumetric defects, and Ф1.0mm flat bottom hole equivalent point defect. For the piston components of 88kw / L high-power diesel engine, under the service conditions of temperature 350°C-420°C and piston top explosion pressure 28Mpa. Under the condition of thermal mechanical coupling, the typical NDT defects such as surface crack, internal crack, shrinkage cavity and cold shut of the first ring groove and internal position of the piston are studied. On scale, morphology and position sensitivity and their quantitative relationship. At the same time, numerical simulation analysis combined with relevant experimental verification is used to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the damage tolerance of defects, and scientifically evaluate the defects of different properties and sizes.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Thermal flaw detection"

Storozhenko, V. A., A. V. Myagkiy, and R. P. Orel. "Filtering of interference of inhomogeneous regular structure in thermal non-destructive control of cellular structures." Thesis, Eskisehir technical university, 2021. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/18954.

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Honeycomb constructions are the most widely used materials in contemporary aviation and space technology. They are the basis for the housings of practically all products of this sector, where reliability of all parts should meet the in-creased requirements. Special attention is paid to the quality of composite materials and to the absence of defects such as the places of adhesion failure (exfoliation) between the skin and the honeycomb filler. Therefore, increase in the efficiency and reliability of thermal flaw detection, based on in-depth analysis of the processes of detecting defects and development of the principles of optimization of both the procedure of control and subsequent processing of the obtained information, is an important and relevant task.

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Charvát, Michal. "System for People Detection and Localization Using Thermal Imaging Cameras." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-432478.

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V dnešním světě je neustále se zvyšující poptávka po spolehlivých automatizovaných mechanismech pro detekci a lokalizaci osob pro různé účely -- od analýzy pohybu návštěvníků v muzeích přes ovládání chytrých domovů až po hlídání nebezpečných oblastí, jimiž jsou například nástupiště vlakových stanic. Představujeme metodu detekce a lokalizace osob s pomocí nízkonákladových termálních kamer FLIR Lepton 3.5 a malých počítačů Raspberry Pi 3B+. Tento projekt, navazující na předchozí bakalářský projekt "Detekce lidí v místnosti za použití nízkonákladové termální kamery", nově podporuje modelování komplexních scén s polygonálními okraji a více termálními kamerami. V této práci představujeme vylepšenou knihovnu řízení a snímání pro kameru Lepton 3.5, novou techniku detekce lidí používající nejmodernější YOLO (You Only Look Once) detektor objektů v reálném čase, založený na hlubokých neuronových sítích, dále novou automaticky konfigurovatelnou termální jednotku, chráněnou schránkou z 3D tiskárny pro bezpečnou manipulaci, a v neposlední řadě také podrobný návod instalace detekčního systému do nového prostředí a další podpůrné nástroje a vylepšení. Výsledky nového systému demonstrujeme příkladem analýzy pohybu osob v Národním muzeu v Praze.

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Denman, Simon Paul. "Improved detection and tracking of objects in surveillance video." Queensland University of Technology, 2009. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/29328/.

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Surveillance networks are typically monitored by a few people, viewing several monitors displaying the camera feeds. It is then very dicult for a human op- erator to eectively detect events as they happen. Recently, computer vision research has begun to address ways to automatically process some of this data, to assist human operators. Object tracking, event recognition, crowd analysis and human identication at a distance are being pursued as a means to aid human operators and improve the security of areas such as transport hubs. The task of object tracking is key to the eective use of more advanced technolo- gies. To recognize an event people and objects must be tracked. Tracking also enhances the performance of tasks such as crowd analysis or human identication. Before an object can be tracked, it must be detected. Motion segmentation tech- niques, widely employed in tracking systems, produce a binary image in which objects can be located. However, these techniques are prone to errors caused by shadows and lighting changes. Detection routines often fail, either due to erro- neous motion caused by noise and lighting eects, or due to the detection routines being unable to split occluded regions into their component objects. Particle l- ters can be used as a self contained tracking system, and make it unnecessary for the task of detection to be carried out separately except for an initial (of- ten manual) detection to initialise the lter. Particle lters use one or more extracted features to evaluate the likelihood of an object existing at a given point each frame. Such systems however do not easily allow for multiple objects to be tracked robustly, and do not explicitly maintain the identity of tracked objects. This dissertation investigates improvements to the performance of object tracking algorithms through improved motion segmentation and the use of a particle lter. A novel hybrid motion segmentation / optical ow algorithm, capable of simulta- neously extracting multiple layers of foreground and optical ow in surveillance video frames is proposed. The algorithm is shown to perform well in the presence of adverse lighting conditions, and the optical ow is capable of extracting a mov- ing object. The proposed algorithm is integrated within a tracking system and evaluated using the ETISEO (Evaluation du Traitement et de lInterpretation de Sequences vidEO - Evaluation for video understanding) database, and signi- cant improvement in detection and tracking performance is demonstrated when compared to a baseline system. A Scalable Condensation Filter (SCF), a particle lter designed to work within an existing tracking system, is also developed. The creation and deletion of modes and maintenance of identity is handled by the underlying tracking system; and the tracking system is able to benet from the improved performance in uncertain conditions arising from occlusion and noise provided by a particle lter. The system is evaluated using the ETISEO database. The dissertation then investigates fusion schemes for multi-spectral tracking sys- tems. Four fusion schemes for combining a thermal and visual colour modality are evaluated using the OTCBVS (Object Tracking and Classication in and Beyond the Visible Spectrum) database. It is shown that a middle fusion scheme yields the best results and demonstrates a signicant improvement in performance when compared to a system using either mode individually. Findings from the thesis contribute to improve the performance of semi- automated video processing and therefore improve security in areas under surveil- lance.

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Xie, Xiaofeng. "High Flow Air Sampler for Rapid Analysis of Volatile and Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6165.

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Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds are ubiquitous, and some of them are hazardous. The ability to rapidly detect and identify trace levels of them in air has become increasingly important. The conventional device used today for sampling and concentrating them in air is thermal desorption tubes filled with specific sorbents, which can only collect air samples at flow rates of 100-200 mL/min. In order to detect low concentration (ppt level) VOC compounds, long sampling time (>2 h) and sensitive detection are required. At the same time, portable instrumentation for on-site analysis has been developing rapidly. The somewhat lower performance of portable instruments compared to benchtop systems requires the sampling of even greater sample volume in order to reach the same detection limits. In this study, two high flow rate air sampling devices, i.e., a multi-capillary trap and a concentric packed trap, were developed to sample a large volume of air in a short time period. The multi-capillary trap was constructed by bundling analytical capillary gas chromatography columns together in parallel. As low as single digit ppt detection limits were reached in less than 25 min with this trap, and as high as 8.0 L/min flow rate was sampled. The simple and compact multi-capillary trap could be easily used with a conventional thermal desorption system to perform high flow rate sampling. A concentric packed high flow rate trap was also developed by packing sorbent layers concentrically around an empty tube. The concentric packed trap achieved a high flow rate (>10 L/min) because it had a high surface area and short sorbent bed. Also, its large sorbent amount (>1 g) provided large breakthrough volume (>100 L) required to achieve low detection limits. An equilibrium distribution sampling system was developed by absorbing selected analytes in granular PDMS to provide calibration for on-site instrumentation. Furthermore, a needle trap device was coupled in tandem to both high flow rate air samplers to perform second-stage concentration of VOCs down to the ppt level. Concentration factors of 104 to 105 were achieved within 30 min using both systems, i.e., over 10 to 100 times more sample was collected compared to conventional TD systems.

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Husain, Muhammad Dawood. "Development of temperature sensing fabric." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/development-of-temperature-sensing-fabric(0e5e8367-c3b2-4cff-bcc9-f32fac97b50f).html.

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Human body temperature is an important indicator of physical performance and condition in terms of comfort, heat or cold stress. The aim of this research was to develop Temperature Sensing Fabric (TSF) for continuous temperature measurement in healthcare applications. The study covers the development and manufacture of TSF by embedding fine metallic wire into the structure of textile material using a commercial computerised knitting machine. The operational principle of TSF is based on the inherent propensity of a metal wire to respond to changes in temperature with variation in its electrical resistance. Over 60 TSF samples were developed with combinations of different sensing elements, two inlay densities and highly textured polyester yarn as the base material. TSF samples were created using either bare or insulated wires with a range of diameters from 50 to 150 μm and metal wires of nickel, copper, tungsten, and nickel coated copper. In order to investigate the Temperature-Resistance (T-R) relationship of TSF samples for calibration purposes, a customised test rig was developed and monitoring software was created in the LabVIEW environment, to record the temperature and resistance signals simultaneously. TSF samples were tested in various thermal environments, under laboratory conditions and in practical wear trials, to analyse the relationship between the temperature and resistance of the sensing fabric and to develop base line specifications such as sensitivity, resistance ratio, precision, nominal resistance, and response time; the influence of external parameters such as humidity and strain were also monitored. The regression uncertainty was found to be less than in ±0.1°C; the repeatability uncertainty was found to be less than ±0.5°C; the manufacturing uncertainty in terms of nominal resistance was found to be ± 2% from its mean. The experimental T-R relationship of TSF was validated by modelling in the thermo-electrical domain in both steady and transient states. A maximum error of 0.2°C was found between the experimental and modelled T-R relationships. TSF samples made with bare wire sensing elements showed slight variations in their resistance during strain tests, however, samples made with insulated sensing elements did not demonstrate any detectable strain-dependent-resistance error. The overall thermal response of TSF was found to be affected by basal fabric thickness and mass; the effect of RH was not found to be significant. TSF samples with higher-resistance sensing elements performed better than lower-resistance types. Furthermore, TSF samples made using insulated wire were more straightforward to manufacture because of their increased tensile strength and exhibited better sensing performance than samples made with bare wire. In all the human body wear trials, under steady-state and dynamic conditions both sensors followed the same trends and exhibited similar movement artifacts. When layers of clothing were worn over the sensors, the difference between the response of the TSF and a high-precision reference temperature were reduced by the improved isothermal conditions near the measurement site.

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Saito, Renata Mayumi. "Fundamentos, produção e aplicações de marcas térmicas em eletroforese capilar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-01092011-105428/.

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Em eletroforese capilar, a reprodutibilidade depende essencialmente da manutenção do sinal e no tempo de migração das espécies. A alteração do fluxo eletrosmótico (EOF) entre corridas é um dos principais fatores que afetam esses parâmetros. Nesse trabalho, é proposto um sistema de monitoramento do EOF baseado em marcas térmicas (TMs), que consistem em sinais presentes em um eletroferograma devido a uma perturbação do eletrólito de corrida ocasionada por um breve aquecimento (da ordem de 100 ms) de uma pequena porção do capilar (aproximadamente 1 mm), sob ação do campo elétrico. O dispositivo responsável pelo aquecimento que se mostrou mais eficiente consistiu em um resistor SMD de 15 Ω sobre o qual 5 V eram aplicados para gerar aquecimento. Estudos sobre a origem das TMs sugerem que o fenômeno está relacionado às mudanças do número de transporte das espécies devido à variação de temperatura. Essas conclusões foram baseadas na comparação do perfil dos sinais de TM com valores de número de transporte, além de estudos envolvendo simulação computacional. Diversas aplicações para as marcas térmicas foram propostas: correção de variação de tempo de migração devido a alterações do EOF, medida direta do EOF e para otimização de parâmetros do detector condutométrico sem contato. As TMs revelaram-se, então, um sistema prático e de fácil implementação, que pode ser utilizado como uma espécie de padrão interno. Adicionalmente, o emprego das TMs em um novo sistema de injeção de amostra, chamado de injeção térmica, foi também proposto. A vantagem desse tipo de injeção consiste na minimização de problemas de contínua introdução de amostra no canal de separação em microchip-CE. Para realizar essa injeção, o capilar é preenchido com a amostra diluída em um eletrólito de corrida e a injeção ocorre quando uma TM é gerada. Estudos com soluções de NaCl apresentaram faixa de resposta linear entre 10 µmol L-1 e 1 mmol L-1 para sódio. Entretanto, problemas de interferência sobre a sensibilidade e a mobilidade dos analitos foram obstáculos enfrentados. Também foi alvo de estudo o emprego da injeção térmica em uma técnica de multiplexação para aumento de relação sinal/ruído, baseado em um novo algoritmo. Embora o modelamento matemático tenha sido eficiente para decodificação de sinais, não foi possível obter o aumento na relação sinal/ruído almejado, pois o tempo de análise seria excessivamente longo. No entanto, a utilização da injeção térmica nesse tipo de estratégia mostrou-se bastante adequada, pois ela requer que diversas injeções sejam realizadas sequencialmente sem a interrupção do potencial de corrida, característica que esse sistema de injeção permite. Posteriormente, a implementação de estratégias que gerassem TMs em tempos mais curtos poderiam viabilizar a técnica. Finalmente, a utilização de TMs como ferramenta para obtenção de constantes físico-químicas, como pKa e mobilidade por exemplo, utilizando a eletroforese capilar mostra-se como uma grande perspectiva para a técnica
In capillary electrophoresis, reproducibility depends essentially on the maintenance of the signal and the migration time when the analysis of the same sample is repeated. Variations in the electroosmotic flow (EOF) between runs are one of the major factors affecting these parameters. In this work, a new approach to monitor the EOF based on thermal marks (TMs) is proposed. TM consists in a signal present in the electropherogram caused by heating (typically 100 ms) a small portion of the capillary (approximately 1 mm), while the electric field is applied. The most effective device to promote the heating was a 15-Ω SMD resistor, powered at 5 V. Studies about the origin of TMs suggest that the phenomenon is related to variations in the transport number of the species due to alterations in the temperature. This conclusion was based on comparison between the TM profile and the transport numbers values, as well as results from computer simulation. The proposed applications for TM include: correction in variations of migration times with alterations on EOF, EOF measurement and optimization of the parameters of contactless conductivity detection. Additionally, a new sample injection procedure, called thermal injection, was also proposed. The advantage of this injection consists in minimization of leakage problems related to the continuous introduction of the sample in the separation channel in microchip-CE. To perform the thermal injection, the capillary is completely filled with the sample diluted in a BGE and the injection occurs with the generation of a TM. Studies with NaCl solutions presented extensive linear response range from 10 µmol L-1 to 1 mmol L-1. However, interference problems on sensibility and analytes mobilities appeared. The use of low-concentration solutions diminishes these problems. However, the analytical signal is also diminished, needing a strategy to raise the sensitivity. Thus, a multiplexing technique based on a new algorithm was also introduced in order to improve signal-to-noise ratio. Although the efficiency of the mathematic modeling on the signals decoding, the desired improvement of signal/noise ratio was not obtained, because the analysis time would be excessively high. However, the employment of the thermal injection seems to be very suitable for multiplexing, due to the possibility of performing several sequential injections with no interruption of the electric field. Afterwards, the implementation of fast velocity devices to generate TMs would enable the technique. Finally, the great perspective to applications of TM concerns in the use of TMs to obtain physical chemical constants, such as pKa and ionic mobilities. The present work describes values of ionic mobilities calculated to monopropyl carbonate, monoisopropyl carbonate, and hydronium.

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Carpenter, Katherine Patricia. "Fault detection and precedent-free localization in thermal-fluid systems." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2608.

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This thesis presents a method for fault detection and precedent-free isolation for two types of channel flow systems, which were modeled with the finite element method. Unlike previous fault detection methods, this method requires no a priori knowledge or training pertaining to any particular fault. The basis for anomaly detection was the model of normal behavior obtained using the recently introduced Growing Structure Multiple Model System (GSMMS). Anomalous behavior is then detected as statistically significant departures of the current modeling residuals away from the modeling residuals corresponding to the normal system behavior. Distributed anomaly detection facilitated by multiple anomaly detectors monitoring various parts of the thermal-fluid system enabled localization of anomalous partitions of the system without the need to train classifiers to recognize an underlying fault.
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Tu, Jung-Kuo, and 杜榮國. "Design and Manufacturing of MEMS Thermal Film Sensors and Its Application for Detection of Unsteadiness of Flow Separation." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42108874198477744028.

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碩士
國立成功大學
航空太空工程學系碩博士班
91
A flexible skin, on which an array of miniature thermal film sensors was situated, was successfully made with a MEMS fabrication process. The design was featured with using platinum as sensing material, deposited on polyimide layer as flexible substrates. In the process, only two masks were used for defining the patterns of the thermal sensors and conducting wires, respectively. The polyimide layers were deposited on top of a thin aluminum layer, which served as a sacrificial layer, hence the flexible skin could be released after metal etching and peeled off easily. The flexible skin together with thermal sensors is survived under large deformation, hence ideal for bonding to a highly curved surface. Each of the sensors shows the linear temperature-dependence characteristic, with the coefficient of resistance (TCR) of 0.247% /℃ was measured. By imposing a stepwise change of surrounding temperature to a sensor, the constant-current circuitry output showed a dynamic response up to 1.1 kHz. The thermal sensor was employed to measure the vortex shedding frequency behind a T-shaped cylinder, at Reynolds numbers 5.4×103—2.8×104. The spectral results reduced from the measured signals confirm that the measurement system was able to resolve the shedding frequency up to 55 Hz. Subsequently, experiments were made to detect the separation point on a circular cylinder normal to the incoming flow. The time-mean separation point on the circular cylinder surface reduced from the signals measured show a very good agreement with the results reported in the literature. Further, an array of thermal film sensors consisting of three sensors were employed to investigate the relation between low-frequency modulations and instantaneous vortex shedding frequency. The analysis was carried out using the wavelet analysis and a correlation technique. The results obtained successfully reveal the instantaneous characteristic behavior of unsteadiness of flow separation on the cylinder model.

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Частини книг з теми "Thermal flaw detection"

Champion, J. L., J. B. Spicer, R. Osiander, and J. W. M. Spicer. "Analysis of Thermal Stressing Techniques for Flaw Detection with Shearography." In Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, 401–8. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1987-4_47.

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Dolinko, A. E., and G. H. Kaufmann. "Flaw Detection Enhancement in Lockin Temporal Speckle Interferometry Using Thermal Waves." In Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures, 707–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6239-1_351.

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Armbruster, H., A. Blinde, J. Brauns, H. D. Döscher, H. Hötzl, and G. P. Merkler. "The application of geoelectrical and thermal measurements to locate dam leakages." In Detection of Subsurface Flow Phenomena, 31–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0011629.

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Drury, Malcolm J. "Fluid Flow in Crystalline Crust: Detecting Fractures by Temperature Logs." In Hydrogeological Regimes and Their Subsurface Thermal Effects, 129–35. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm047p0129.

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Sofia Jennifer, J., T. Sree Sharmila, H. Sairam, and T. S. Kishorkrishna. "Detection of Bruises and Flaws in Fruits Using Thermal Imaging." In Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 529–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4646-8_41.

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Maldague, X., J. C. Krapez, P. Cielo, and D. Poussart. "Processing of thermal images for the detection and enhancement of subsurface flaws in composite materials." In Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition in Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials, 257–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83422-6_19.

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Janke, G., C. Larivé, and A. Tailland. "Measurements of Instantaneous Flow Angles by Optical Detection of the Thermal Wake of a Hot Wire." In Advances in Turbulence 2, 298–303. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83822-4_46.

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Iwasaki, Yoichiro, Shinya Kawata, and Toshiyuki Nakamiya. "Vehicle Detection Even in Poor Visibility Conditions Using Infrared Thermal Images and Its Application to Road Traffic Flow Monitoring." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 997–1009. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3558-7_85.

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Ba, Abdoulaye, Qiuji Yi, Junzhen Zhu, Huu-Kien Bui, Gui Yun Tian, Gérard Berthiau, and Guillaume Wasselynck. "Impact Damages Detection on CFRP Using Eddy Current Pulsed Thermography." In Studies in Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/saem200025.

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Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) materials are widely used in aerospace due to their low weigh to strength ratio. Non-destructive Testing (NDT) Techniques becomes a necessity with increasing use of CFRP materials. Induction Thermography is a new NDT technique that can be exploited as a promising fast and global control. However, the detection of typical flaws in carbon composites such as delamination, fibers rupture and impact damages need to be further investigated in order to optimize the technique. Optimization can be done in the test configuration level and by the use an appropriate image technique. In this paper Eddy Current Pulse Compression Thermography (ECPuCT) is used to detect impact damages on CFRP materials. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based image processing technique is used to detect and visualize impact damage area from transient thermal images. Flaw detection results using experimental measures will be shown and discussed.

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Kabilan, R., K. Lakshmi Narayanan, M. Venkatesh, V. Vikram Bhaskaran, G. K. Viswanathan, and S. G. Yogesh Rajan. "Live Human Detection Robot in Earthquake Conditions." In Recent Trends in Intensive Computing. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc210286.

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This report outlines a human searching device that takes the form of a robotic car and serves as a backup mechanism for saving lives in the event of a disaster. The temperature sensor, in general, detects the thermal image of the human body, and there has been extensive research into human searching with the gas and humidity sensor. In the intelligent robot device’s study, achieving accurate and reliable human detection and tracking is a difficult challenge. The architecture of human detection and tracking mechanisms over non-overlapping field of views is examined in this paper. To compensate for their respective flaws, a search method is proposed. The proposed method’s rate and accuracy of human detection was tested in an experimental setting. We may guide the robot’s movement by commanding it to move left, right, forward, or backward. We plan to equip the robot with sensors that will enable us to track and detect humans behind the wall.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Thermal flaw detection"

Kaufmann, Guillermo H., Matias R. Viotti, and Gustavo E. Galizzi. "Flaw detection using temporal speckle pattern interferometry and thermal waves." In Optical Science and Technology, the SPIE 49th Annual Meeting, edited by Wolfgang Osten and Erik Novak. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.555767.

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Maldague, X., J. C. Krapez, and P. Cielo. "Subsurface Flaw Detection In Reflective Materials By Thermal-Transfer Imaging." In SPIE 1989 Technical Symposium on Aerospace Sensing, edited by Gregory B. McIntosh. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.953399.

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Latinin, A., A. Shvyrev, M. Nikulin, and E. Smirnova. "PROSPECTS OF THE THERMAL METHOD OF FLAW DETECTION OF MOTOR VEHICLES OF THE FOREST COMPLEX." In Problems of road transport operation and ways to solve them on the basis of promising technologies. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/prtopt2021_45-48.

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The article discusses the possibility of using the method of active thermal control in relation to the forestry complex. Examples of the use of thermal flaw detection with a brief description of the research methodology are given.

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Lugscheider, E., P. Remer, C. Herbst, and G. Barbezat. "A Potential NDT Method for Rapid Quality Control of Thermal Sprayed Coatings." In ITSC 1996, edited by C. C. Berndt. ASM International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1996p0933.

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Abstract An overview on potential non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for the inspection of thermally sprayed coatings in production lines is given. The suitability of several NDT techniques has been investigated with view on their sensitivity for the detection of defect sizes possibly being critical for Thermal Spray coatings. Eventually, a method is presented that shows qualification for detection of subsurface flaws in coatings such as delaminations and cracks and offers flaw distinction by image analysis procedures. A storage and archiving of test results is possible thus completing full quality control and meeting possible warranty claims. The major advantage of the NDT process is its very high detection speed which guarantees high productivity even for high volume production systems. Thus a full-area detection of large coated components becomes possible. The process is not restricted to plain components, but is usable for the detection of internally coated cylinders as well.

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Atkinson, Ian, Chris Gregory, Stephen P. Kelly, and Katherine J. Kirk. "Ultrasmart: Developments in Ultrasonic Flaw Detection and Monitoring for High Temperature Plant Applications." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/creep2007-26411.

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Plant in the power generation, petrochemical and metals processing industries is subject to increasingly onerous operational and regulatory requirements. Where plant that operates at high temperature is involved, the costs associated with shutdown for planned or unplanned inspection to meet these requirements can be particularly high. The ability to perform condition monitoring or flaw detection at on-line plant temperatures would enable plant to remain in operation for longer periods, reduce the risk of damage from thermal cycling associated with periodic shutdowns and allow shutdowns to be completed more quickly. The associated minimizing of the loss of revenue caused by frequent and lengthy shutdowns is a highly attractive proposition to the plant operators. This paper reports on progress in the Ultrasmart Project, which is being undertaken by a consortium of UK companies and aims to address the problems associated with performing ultrasonic inspection on pressure vessels and piping at temperatures exceeding ∼350°C. A brief review of the state of current industry capabilities is given and then details of the developments investigated within Ultrasmart are reported and discussed. These include: • Liquid cooled transducers and automated scanning mechanisms suitable for deployment on components with surface temperatures up to ∼500°C. • Permanently mounted piezoelectric transducers suitable for long term flaw growth or component thickness monitoring at temperatures up to ∼750°C. • Techniques, procedures and protocols necessary to achieve reliable and quantifiable inspection capability at high temperatures. • Use of a novel non-resonant thin film Aluminum Nitride (AlN) transducer for in-situ component monitoring.

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Onizawa, Kunio, Katsuyuki Shibata, Kazuya Osakabe, and Kazuhisa Tanaka. "Improvements to PFM Analysis Code PASCAL and Some Case Studies on RPV Integrity During Pressurized Thermal Shock." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93368.

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The probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) analysis code PASCAL (PFM Analysis of Structural Components in Aging LWR) has been developed at JAEA to evaluate the conditional failure probability of a reactor pressure vessel (RPV) containing a flaw under transient conditions such as pressurized thermal shock (PTS). Some functions of PASCAL have been improved such as the Monte Carlo method, the probability of crack detection (POD) by inspection and the graphical user interface (GUI). Using the improved PASCAL, case studies on some parameters for some typical PTS transients have been performed. When the crack existence probability for the Marshall- and PNNL-type distributions is considered, the failure probabilities are approximately the same order of magnitude. The effect of chemical composition of the vessel material was studied through a comparison of conditional failure probabilities for some transients. The effect of POD for inspection was also compared and evaluated in terms of the inspection effectiveness and frequency.

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Erturk, Hakan. "Characterization of Electronic Packages by Thermal Diffusion Tomography." In ASME 2009 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the InterPACK09 and 3rd Energy Sustainability Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2009-88380.

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One of the most important functions of an electronic package is thermal management, as package is responsible from removing the heat generated by the transistors to ensure reliability. The quality of the package is very important for proper thermal management and it is important to have minimal flaws that increase thermal resistance of the package. Therefore, detection of flaws in the multi-layered package is critical during the assembly process development to monitor the package quality. This is achieved by techniques such as computerized tomography (CT) using x-rays, or scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), all of which require very expensive equipment and significant processing time. Thermal diffusion tomography (TDT) can be used for detecting the flaws as a lower cost alternative to these imaging techniques. The feasibility of TDT as a fault detection technique for electronic packages with IR thermometry is considered in the current study. Two reconstruction algorithms considered; an iterative perturbation approach and Levenberg-Marquard method were found to be capable of detecting the flaws in the thermal interface layer.

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Spanner, Jack. "Improving Ultrasonic Examination Procedures for Detection of Thermal Fatigue." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65855.

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This paper describes improvements to the ultrasonic procedures to be used for the detection of thermal fatigue in nuclear power plants in accordance with the requirements of the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Material Reliability Program (MRP) inspection and evaluation guidelines. These examinations have been performed at nuclear plants in the USA since the 1980s with very few detections of degradation. However, since 2013 there have been ten instances of thermal fatigue cracks. The MRP formed a thermal fatigue focus group to analyze these leaks and flaws related to thermal fatigue inspection programs. Then the group developed recommendations to address these recent operational experiences. The MRP has been developing improvements to the ultrasonic examination process and this paper will share these. A computer based training program for the ultrasonic personnel has been developed that will be described. And finally, the MRP has fabricated a variety of thermal fatigue mockups that are loaned to member utilities prior to an outage so the ultrasonic personnel can practice detecting thermal fatigue just prior to the examinations. Implementation of these mockups will also be described.

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Diaz, Aaron A., Anthony D. Cinson, Susan L. Crawford, Traci L. Moran, and Michael T. Anderson. "An Ultrasonic Phased Array Evaluation of Cast Austenitic Stainless Steel Pressurizer Surge Line Piping Welds." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25799.

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A set of circumferentially oriented thermal fatigue cracks (TFCs) were implanted into three cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) pressurizer (PZR) surge-line specimens (pipe-to-elbow welds) that were fabricated using vintage CASS materials formed in the 1970s, and flaw responses from these cracks were used to evaluate detection and sizing performance of the phased-array (PA) ultrasonic testing (UT) methods applied. Four different custom-made PA probes were employed in this study, operating nominally at 800 kHz, 1.0 MHz, 1.5 MHz, and 2.0 MHz center frequencies. The CASS PZR surge-line specimens were polished and chemically etched to bring out the microstructures of both pipe and elbow segments. Additional studies were conducted and documented to address baseline CASS material noise and observe possible ultrasonic beam redirection phenomena.

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Deilamsalehy, Hanieh, Timothy C. Havens, and Pasi Lautala. "Detection of Sliding Wheels and Hot Bearings Using Wayside Thermal Cameras." In 2016 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2016-5711.

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Train car wheels are subjected to different types of damages due to their interactions with the brake shoes and track. If not detected early, these defects can worsen, possibly causing damage to the bogie and rail. In the worst-case scenario, this rail damage can possibly lead to later derailments, a serious concern for the rail industry. Therefore, automatic inspection and detection of wheel defects are high priority research areas. An automatic detection system not only can prevent train and rail damage, but also can reduce operating costs as an alternative for tedious and expensive manned inspection. The main contribution of this paper is to develop a computer vision method for automatically detecting the defects of rail car wheels using a wayside thermal camera. We concentrate on identification of flat-spotted/sliding wheels, which is an important issue for both wheel and suspension hardware and also rail and track structure. Flat spots occur when a wheel locks up and slides while the vehicle is still moving. As a consequence, this process heats up local areas on the metal wheel, which can be observed and potentially detected in thermal imagery. Excessive heat buildup at the flat spot will eventually lead to additional wheel and possibly rail damage, reducing the life of other train wheels and suspension components, such as bearings. Furthermore, as a byproduct of our algorithm, we propose a method for detecting hot bearings. A major part of our proposed hot bearing detection algorithm is common with our sliding wheel detection algorithm. In this paper, we first propose an automatic detection and segmentation method that identifies the wheel and bearing portion of the image. We then develop a computer vision method, using Histogram of Oriented Gradients to extract features of these regions. These feature descriptors are input to a Support Vector Machine classifier, a fast classifier with a good detection rate, which can detect abnormalities in the wheel. We demonstrate our methods on several real data sets taken on a Union Pacific rail line, identifying sliding wheels and hot bearings in these images.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Thermal flaw detection"

VALLEY, MICHAEL T., BRUCE D. HANSCHE, THOMAS L. PAEZ, ANGEL URBINA, and DENNIS M. ASHBAUGH. Advanced Signal Processing for Thermal Flaw Detection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/787641.

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Lehotay, Steven J., and Aviv Amirav. Fast, practical, and effective approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695587.bard.

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Background to the topic: For food safety and security reasons, hundreds of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and environmental pollutants should be monitored in the food supply, but current methods are too time-consuming, laborious, and expensive. As a result, only a tiny fraction of the food is tested for a limited number of contaminants. Original proposal objectives: Our main original goal was to develop fast, practical, and effective new approaches for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. We proposed to extend the QuEChERS approach to more pesticides, veterinary drugs and pollutants, further develop GC-MS and LC-MS with SMB and combine QuEChERS with GC-SMB-MS and LC-SMB-EI-MS to provide the “ultimate” approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in food. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: The original QuEChERS method was validated for more than 200 pesticide residues in a variety of food crops. For the few basic pesticides for which the method gave lower recoveries, an extensive solvent suitability study was conducted, and a buffering modification was made to improve results for difficult analytes. Furthermore, evaluation of the QuEChERS approach for fatty matrices, including olives and its oil, was performed. The QuEChERS concept was also extended to acrylamide analysis in foods. Other advanced techniques to improve speed, ease, and effectiveness of chemical residue analysis were also successfully developed and/or evaluated, which include: a simple and inexpensive solvent-in-silicone-tube extraction approach for highly sensitive detection of nonpolar pesticides in GC; ruggedness testing of low-pressure GC-MS for 3-fold faster separations; optimization and extensive evaluation of analyte protectants in GC-MS; and use of prototypical commercial automated direct sample introduction devices for GC-MS. GC-MS with SMB was further developed and combined with the Varian 1200 GCMS/ MS system, resulting in a new type of GC-MS with advanced capabilities. Careful attention was given to the subject of GC-MS sensitivity and its LOD for difficult to analyze samples such as thermally labile pesticides or those with weak or no molecular ions, and record low LOD were demonstrated and discussed. The new approach of electron ionization LC-MS with SMB was developed, its key components of sample vaporization nozzle and flythrough ion source were improved and was evaluated with a range of samples, including carbamate pesticides. A new method and software based on IAA were developed and tested on a range of pesticides in agricultural matrices. This IAA method and software in combination with GC-MS and SMB provide extremely high confidence in sample identification. A new type of comprehensive GCxGC (based on flow modulation) was uniquely combined with GC-MS with SMB, and we demonstrated improved pesticide separation and identification in complex agricultural matrices using this novel approach. An improved device for aroma sample collection and introduction (SnifProbe) was further developed and favorably compared with SPME for coffee aroma sampling. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: We succeeded in achieving significant improvements in the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply, from easy sample preparation approaches, through sample analysis by advanced new types of GC-MS and LCMS techniques, all the way to improved data analysis by lowering LOD and providing greater confidence in chemical identification. As a result, the combination of the QuEChERS approach, new and superior instrumentation, and the novel monitoring methods that were developed will enable vastly reduced time and cost of analysis, increased analytical scope, and a higher monitoring rate. This provides better enforcement, an added impetus for farmers to use good agricultural practices, improved food safety and security, increased trade, and greater consumer confidence in the food supply.

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