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1
Sereyvath, Prak, Kyoko Kusakabe, Ubolratana Suntornratana, and Napaporn Sriputinibondh. "Gendering Border Spaces: Impact of Open Border Policy Between Cambodia-Thailand on Small-scale Women Fish Traders." African and Asian Studies 7, no. 1 (2008): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921008x273079.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe study examined how the commodity chain of freshwater fresh fish trade between Thailand and Cambodia developed and became sex segregated, and how women small-scale traders are positioned in the chain. The open border policy increased trade and demand for fish, and made it more difficult for small-scale traders to secure fish. Lack of state control led to rent-seeking, which further closed opportunities for resourceless small-scale traders. Women small-scale border traders tried to counter the marginalization through establishing social networks, but with limited success. Field interviews with 86 traders at the border areas of Thailand and Cambodia were conducted to explore these points.
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Pawakapan, Niti. "Trade and Traders: Local Becomes National." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 31, no. 2 (September 2000): 374–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400017604.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Growing inter-regional trade has created closer ties between a remote.Thai market town near the Burma-Thailand border and the central region of Thailand. With more outside traders — armed with new kinds of goods — coming to trade, the central region, Bangkok in particular, is no longer a strange, faraway land, and Central Thai, which is used in trade, has become a familiar language in the town. Such new economic activities are thus a crucial factor in national integration, and help strengthen the ideology of the modern Thai nation.
3
Wilasang, Chaiwat, Anuwat Wiratsudakul, and Sudarat Chadsuthi. "The Dynamics of Avian Influenza: Individual-Based Model with Intervention Strategies in Traditional Trade Networks in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6832573.
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Avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 is endemic to Southeast Asia. In Thailand, avian influenza viruses continue to cause large poultry stock losses. The spread of the disease has a serious impact on poultry production especially among rural households with backyard chickens. The movements and activities of chicken traders result in the spread of the disease through traditional trade networks. In this study, we investigate the dynamics of avian influenza in the traditional trade network in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. We also propose an individual-based model with intervention strategies to control the spread of the disease. We found that the dynamics of the disease mainly depend on the transmission probability and the virus inactivation period. This study also illustrates the appropriate virus disinfection period and the target for intervention strategies on traditional trade network. The results suggest that good hygiene and cleanliness among household traders and trader of trader areas and ensuring that any equipment used is clean can lead to a decrease in transmission and final epidemic size. These results may be useful to epidemiologists, researchers, and relevant authorities in understanding the spread of avian influenza through traditional trade networks.
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Noopataya, Supot, Sukanya Thongratsakul, and Chaithep Poolkhet. "Social Network Analysis of Cattle Movement in Sukhothai Province, Thailand: A Study to Improve Control Measurements." Veterinary Medicine International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/587252.
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The aim of this study is to analyse the pattern of cattle movement in Sukhothai province, Thailand. A validated questionnaire was applied to 308 respondents related to cattle farming using one-step snowball sampling. The results showed that most of the nodes are farmers who move their animals in the province. The average normalized degree centrality and normalized closeness centrality were low (<0.01 and 0.04, resp.). We found that traders are the nodes with a high value of centrality. This corresponds with the cutpoint analysis results that traders are outstanding. In conclusion, the relevant authorities should focus on the nodes such as traders for controlling disease. However, a measure to detect disease in the early stages needs to be implemented.
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Lee, Sang-Hyun, Rabi H. Mohtar, Jin-Yong Choi, and Seung-Hwan Yoo. "Analysis of the characteristics of the global virtual water trade network using degree and eigenvector centrality, with a focus on food and feed crops." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 10 (October 18, 2016): 4223–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4223-2016.
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Abstract. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of global virtual water trade (GVWT), such as the connectivity of each trader, vulnerable importers, and influential countries, using degree and eigenvector centrality during the period 2006–2010. The degree centrality was used to measure the connectivity, and eigenvector centrality was used to measure the influence on the entire GVWT network. Mexico, Egypt, China, the Republic of Korea, and Japan were classified as vulnerable importers, because they imported large quantities of virtual water with low connectivity. In particular, Egypt had a 15.3 Gm3 year−1 blue water saving effect through GVWT: the vulnerable structure could cause a water shortage problem for the importer. The entire GVWT network could be changed by a few countries, termed "influential traders". We used eigenvector centrality to identify those influential traders. In GVWT for food crops, the USA, Russian Federation, Thailand, and Canada had high eigenvector centrality with large volumes of green water trade. In the case of blue water trade, western Asia, Pakistan, and India had high eigenvector centrality. For feed crops, the green water trade in the USA, Brazil, and Argentina was the most influential. However, Argentina and Pakistan used high proportions of internal water resources for virtual water export (32.9 and 25.1 %); thus other traders should carefully consider water resource management in these exporters.
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Antonio L., Rappa. "The Teochew Chinese of Thailand." BOHR International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 1, no. 1 (2022): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.54646/bijsshr.003.
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The Chinese moved into ancient Siam to escape poverty in Yunan Province of China and to find work as merchants, traders, craftsmen, and farmers. This paper focuses on the Teochew Chinese of Thailand because they peacefully formed the first mercantilist associations while increasing local employment. After the 1932 coup, the number of Chinese tripled in number due to the conducive work environment. By 1945, at least 5% of Siamese had become political leaders, and by the 1970s. Today, Thai-Chinese make up around 15.5%, while 53% of Thai prime ministers are of Chinese descent, including Teochew-Chinese Thais such as Thaksin Shinawatra and Yingluck Shinawatra. Generations of Chinese migrants to Siam and modern Thailand have maintained and fostered Chinese customs and traditions for many centuries. This paper looks at the Chinese communities in Southeast Asia in general and in Thailand in particular. The paper represents the findings of the author’s original fieldwork on the Teochew Chinese of Krung Thep Maha Nakorn.
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Lertchavalitsakul, Busarin. "Shan Women Traders and Their Survival Strategies on the Myanmar–Thailand Borderland." Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 30, no. 3 (November 30, 2015): 675–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/sj30-3c.
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Pawakapan, Niti. "Traders, Kinsmen and Trading Counterparts: The Rise of Local Politicians in North-western Thailand." Australian Journal of Anthropology 14, no. 3 (December 2003): 365–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.2003.tb00241.x.
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Et. al., Non Naprathansuk,. "An Analysis on Fragile People of a Local Government Strategic Between Malaysia and Thailand in Time of Covid-19 Pandemic." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 8 (June 11, 2021): 2218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i8.3474.
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This article aimed to analyzed and compared on fragile people of a local government strategics between Malaysia and Thailand in time of Covid-19 pandemic. The methodology of this article was a qualitative approach based on the secondary data from case of Malaysia and Thailand. The finding of this article was Malaysia’s local government has more independent and design different business and social strategies to help fragile people consist of community care initiative, homeless people assistance and business scheme opportunity for petty traders and hawkers rather than Thai’s government that local government did not have fully autonomous authorities and independent from Thai government. Therefore, the contribution of this article up to enlighten the roles and functions of the local government as fundamental institution to assist and support the local fragile and vulnerable people in facing the pandemic crisis of COVID-19..
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Rimpeekool, Wimalin, Sam-ang Seubsman, Cathy Banwell, Martyn Kirk, Vasoontara Yiengprugsawan, and Adrian Sleigh. "Food and nutrition labelling in Thailand: a long march from subsistence producers to international traders." Food Policy 56 (October 2015): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.07.011.
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Wei, Siyuan, and Vatcharapol Sukhotu. "Trade Promotion from Thailand to China As A Result Of a New Train Route." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(48).
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This paper aims to analyze the impact of the China-Laos railway on the export trade from Thailand and China. This will enable Thai export traders to understand the new transportation route formed by the railway and improve the trade volume and competitiveness of Thai products through this route. The author firstly finds out to which provinces Thailand's products are mainly exported to China and their individual export volume through literature review. Then, summarize the main export routes of Thai products to these provinces. These routes are river transportation, land transportation and sea transportation, The China-Laos railway is mainly used to transport goods. a new transport route will emerge after the completion of the China-Laos railway. After that, secondary data method is used to determine the driven factors of route selection. Finally, qualitative analysis is used to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the new route and other routes base on driven factors. This new route will have some advantages in some factors, this paper points out what trade industry is suitable for this route, these can provide some reference for Thai trade exporters. In the future, this route can be used to increase Thailand's export trade volume and develop some trade on the railway along the line. Keywords: Thai Product, Driving Factors, Route Selection, China-Laos Railway, In-depth Interviews, Secondary Data Method
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Gomez, Lalita, Penthai Siriwat, and Chris R. Shepherd. "The trade of Saiga Antelope horn for traditional medicine in Thailand." Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 6 (June 26, 2022): 21140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7726.14.6.21140-21148.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Demand for Saiga Antelope Saiga tatarica horn products in Southeast Asia, due to their perceived medicinal value, has drastically impacted the conservation of this species. At the same time, poor understanding of the dynamics of this trade in parts of Southeast Asia continues to impede regulation and conservation efforts. Here we examine the trade of Saiga horn products in Thailand through a rapid physical and online market survey, and via an analysis of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) trade data. We found an active local trade in Saiga horn products in Thailand, with both physical market surveys and online surveys showing predominantly two forms of Saiga horn products in the market, i.e., cooling water and horn shavings (mostly sold as pre-packaged boiling kits). These products are commercially marketed as staple household medicines. Greater scrutiny, monitoring and research is urgently needed to understand how the use of Saiga horn is being regulated in Thailand including the number of licensed traders, potential stockpiles and management of these. Traditional medicine outlets and online sales of commercial Saiga horn products also requires attention. As a non-native species, the Saiga Antelope is not protected in Thailand which makes it difficult for enforcement authorities to prevent illegal trade of Saiga horn products within the country. Thailand is currently revising its wildlife laws with the intention of addressing the protection of non-native and CITES-listed species. Considering the widespread use of Saiga horn in Thailand, we recommend that Saiga Antelope be included in the revised species protection lists to enable enforcement action against trade in illegally sourced Saiga horn products.
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Edgardo Gomez, José, Nittana Southiseng, John Walsh, and Samuel Sapuay. "Reaching across the Mekong: Local Socioeconomic and Gender Effects of Lao-Thai Crossborder Linkages." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 30, no. 3 (September 2011): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341103000301.
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Following trade agreements between ASEAN states, the expansion of cross-border roads and bridges between Laos and Thailand has linked local communities and distant markets in increasingly diverse ways. Although the planned impacts of such integration are expected to be beneficial, effects on the ground vary, as witnessed at a sleepy outpost in Xayabury and a more vibrant crossing in Savannakhet. This paper discusses first the physical setting of such border facilities, and then explores their actual local effects on traders’ activities, highlighting changes in gender roles and perceptions of entrepreneurial competition participated in by women in the two research sites.
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Halloran, A., N. Roos, R. Flore, and Y. Hanboonsong. "The development of the edible cricket industry in Thailand." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 2, no. 2 (June 10, 2016): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2015.0091.
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Since cricket farming was introduced in Thailand in 1997, domestic, regional and international interest in the edible cricket industry has increased. This study aims to identify emerging themes related the development of the edible cricket industry over the past decades. It also discusses additional themes in the development of the cricket industry in connection to the work of other scholars, as well as future considerations to maintain the positive impacts of the industry on rural economic development, entrepreneurship and employment. Eight types of actors in the cricket industry were considered in this study: cricket farmers; wholesale traders and market vendors; tourism agents; international organisa tions; chefs; private companies; researchers; and governmental representatives. The farming and sale of crickets is still a small-scale activity which is relatively profitable for the farmers and other actors in the value chain. Based on the findings of this study, the constraints to growth and further expansion of the industry appear minimal at present. Nonetheless, speculations regarding the positive and negative impacts that further growth may have demonstrate the potential opportunities and threats to the industry. Considering the edible cricket industry as a part of the rural entrepreneurship and development policy discourse may be beneficial to sustainable development.
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wei, Siyuan, and Vatcharapol Sukhotu. "Trade Promotion from Thailand to China As A Result Of a New Train Route." GATR Journal of Business and Economics Review 6, no. 1 (June 26, 2021): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jber.2021.6.1(3).
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Objective - This paper aims to analyse the impact of the China-Laos railway on export trade from China to Thailand. The paper analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the new route and other routes base on driven factors, identifies what trade industry is suitable for this new route and provides some reference for Thai trade exporters. This will enable Thai export traders to understand the new transportation route formed by the railway and improve the trade volume and competitiveness of Thai products through this route. Methodology/Technique - Literature review method, secondary data method, in-depth interview method. Findings - It is found that the new route formed after the completion of the China-Laos railway has many advantages base on driven factors and many industries are suitable for the use of this new route. Novelty - Few people know much about the China-Laos railway, and even less about the analysis of its impact on Thailand's trade. The author's in-depth interview method allows him to get in touch with experts who are very relevant to the China-Laos railway, providing valuable insights. Type of Paper - Empirical. Keywords: Thai Products; Driving Factors; Route Selection; China-Laos Railway; In-depth Interviews; Secondary Data Method JEL Classification: F16, F18, F19.
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Chae, Hyun-jung. "Lights and Shadows of Precarious Labor: Focusing on the Work Experience of Female Market Traders in Thailand." Cross-Cultural Studies 28, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 205–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17249/ccs.2022.6.28.1.205.
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Dawe, David C., Piedad F. Moya, Cheryll B. Casiwan, and Jesusa M. Cabling. "Rice marketing systems in the Philippines and Thailand: Do large numbers of competitive traders ensure good performance?" Food Policy 33, no. 5 (October 2008): 455–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.02.001.
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Revire, Nicolas. "Facts and Fiction: The Myth of Suvaṇṇabhūmi Through the Thai and Burmese Looking Glass". TRaNS: Trans -Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 6, № 2 (липень 2018): 167–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/trn.2018.8.
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AbstractMost scholars think that the generic name ‘Golden Land’ (Sanskrit, Suvarṇabhūmi; Pali, Suvaṇṇabhūmi) was first used by Indian traders as a vague designation for an extensive region beyond the subcontinent, presumably in Southeast Asia. Some Pali sources specifically link Suvaṇṇabhūmi with the introduction of Buddhism to the region. The locus classicus is the Sri Lankan Mahāvaṃsa chronicle (fifth century AD) which states that two monks, Soṇa and Uttara, were sent there for missionary activities in the time of King Asoka (third century BC). However, no Southeast Asian textual or epigraphic sources refer to this legend or to the Pali term Suvaṇṇabhūmi before the second millennium AD. Conversely, one may ask, what hard archaeological evidence is there for the advent of Buddhism in mainland Southeast Asia? This article re-examines the appropriation of the name Suvaṇṇabhūmi in Thailand and Burma for political and nationalist purposes and deconstructs the connotation of the term and what it has meant to whom, where, and when. It also carefully confronts the Buddhist literary evidence and earliest epigraphic and archaeological data, distinguishing material discoveries from legendary accounts, with special reference to the ancient Mon countries of Rāmaññadesa (lower Burma) and Dvāravatī(central Thailand).
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Crooker, Richard A., and Andrew Walker. "The Legend of the Golden Boat: Regulation, Trade and Traders in the Borderlands of Laos, Thailand, China and Burma." Geographical Review 92, no. 3 (July 2002): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4140924.
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de Jonge, Huub, and Andrew Walker. "The Legend of the Golden Boat: Regulation, Trade and Traders in the Borderlands of Laos, Thailand, China and Burma." Pacific Affairs 74, no. 1 (2001): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2672510.
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Alexandri, Mohammad Benny, and Supriyanto Supriyanto. "Volatility Spillover between Stock Returns and Oil Prices during the Covid-19 Pandemic in ASEAN." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.11945.
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This study points to increase global monetary integration as a result of rising volatility spillovers. As a result, analyzing volatility spillovers for international areas that expand and improve through the usage of inventory returns and oil prices is critical. The EGARCH model is used to explore the Volatility Spillovers of oil agencies in five ASEAN international areas during the Covid-19 Pandemic. To assess the interrelationships of the ASEAN stock index as well as the path of volatility, data were acquired from five global sites with very large volatility spillovers, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The findings show that this search is critical for ASEAN traders as well as Filipinos. Furthermore, because accurate forecasting of volatility spillover in global equity markets is required to reduce portfolio risk, this search has a substantial and viable significance.
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Evers, Hans-Dieter. "Trade and State Formation: Siam in the Early Bangkok Period." Modern Asian Studies 21, no. 4 (October 1987): 751–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00009306.
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Though local and international trade is a main point on the agenda of any government and though economists build elaborate models around trade statistics, the social consequences of trade have hardly ever been explored in full by social scientists. This is particularly the case in Thailand where only a few studies of limited scope exist on traders, businessmen and markets. There is a reason for this lack of attention to trade. The series of post-war village studies, carried out mainly by anthropologists in isolated villages, stressed intra-village relations and neglected as a consequence larger networks of trade. The most important study on trade during that time was probably the work of Skinner (1962, 1967) on the Bangkok Chinese in which, however, ethnic relations rather than trade and business constituted the main theme of the study.
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Krailassuwan, Somchart. "History of Thai maritime trade." Maritime Technology and Research 1, no. 1 (November 24, 2018): Proof. http://dx.doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2019.147777.
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The Thai commercial fleet can carry about 10% of the volume of imports and exports. History of Thai maritime trade is divided into 1) Sukhothai period era 2) Ayutthaya and Thonburi period 3) Rattanakosin period 4) The first of the national fleet period. .Sukhothai period era trade with various foreign countries. In the King Ramkhamhaeng era is a prosperous.. 1) The Gulf of Thailand trade with China 2) Trade on the Andaman sea is a merchant ship from India. Ayutthaya and Thonburi period. Traders of various nationalities come to trade. The Gulf of Thailand (South China Sea) and the Indian Ocean. Trading in Ayutthaya is a monopoly trade, operated by monarchs and noblemen.Rattanakosin period Thailand entered into a Treaty of Burney, the outcome of the agreement was that the country had to cancel its monopoly trade and the end of trade by the government. The growth of the trade has increased. The production structure from the old to be self-transformed into production for export. The first of the national fleet period 1918 - 1925 After the First World War I King Rama VI established a Thai merchant fleet in April 1918, the name of Siam Commercial Maritime Company Limited. It was terminated in 1925. On June 22, 1940, the cabinet approved the establishment of Thai Maritime Navigation Company Limited for international maritime shipping. The The cabinet was terminated in 2011 .The role of Thai National Maritime Navigation.The merchant fleet were not growing. Because lack of and thai merchant fleet too small, there was a lack of negotiating power with the foreign merchant fleet. The government must set up a policy to promote the merchant fleet.
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Nijman, Vincent, and Chris R. Shepherd. "Trade in non-native, CITES-listed, wildlife in Asia, as exemplified by the trade in freshwater turtles and tortoises (Chelonidae) in Thailand." Contributions to Zoology 76, no. 3 (2007): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-07603007.
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In 1973 the Convention in International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) was called to life as to regulate the international wildlife trade, and to prevent species becoming (economically and biologically) extinct. The trade in freshwater turtles and tortoises in Asia is so huge that it threatens the survival of many species. In 2006 and 2007, during three surveys at Chatuchak market in Bangkok, Thailand, we recorded a significant trade in non-native CITES-listed freshwater turtles and tortoises to be used as pets. We documented a total of 688 individuals of 19 species from different regions of the world, many of which are globally threatened with extinction. Most commonly recorded were three species of tortoise from Madagascar and Africa, i.e. Radiated Tortoise Geochelone radiata, Spurred Tortoise G. sulcata and Leopard Tortoise G. pardalis. Five species were listed on CITES Appendix I, precluding all international trade, and an additional six Appendix II or III-listed species that can be traded albeit regulated, were not registered as being imported into Thailand in the last six year. CITES I-listed species were not more expensive than CITES II or III listed species, nor was there a relationship between retail price and numbers of turtles observed. The large number and availability of illegally sourced animals indicates a blatant disregard for law and authority by traders both from Thailand and from exporting countries. We conclude that the trade in these species, in such significant volumes, is of serious conservation concern, and in order for CITES to be more effective it is imperative that Parties recognize the scale of the international trade in freshwater turtles and tortoises and respond accordingly.
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Nanudorn, Sr Col Somchart, Sorachai Phisanbutr, Buddhagarn Rutchatorn, Thitaporn Phuboonbutr, and Thongphon Promsaka Na Sakolnakorn. "The Effectiveness Of ThailandLaos Border Trade Strategic Management." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 11, no. 5 (April 30, 2012): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v11i5.6973.
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The objective of this study is to study the management strategy applied to the ThailandLaos border trade. This study was conducted in the years 2010 and 2011. The areas under study were Nong Khai, Nakhon Phanom, and Mukdahan provinces in the northeast of Thailand with the application of a mixed-methods research methodology including both quantitative and qualitative methods. Using the quantitative method, we provided 352 questionnaires to entrepreneurs who conducted cross-border trade through the customhouses in these provinces. We analyzed this data using means, percentages, factor analysis, and regression analysis. Using the qualitative method, we conducted a focus group of 16 key participants, such as entrepreneurs, customs officers, directors, and officers of the Office of Provincial Commerce, as well as the management team of the Provincial Chamber of Commerce. We analyzed this data using content analysis and descriptive analysis. On the basis of our analysis, we determined guidelines for the strategic management of cross-border trade between Thailand and Laos. The first strategy we suggest is that both Thailand and Laos should solve any border-trade problems together. The second is that border trade management should have only one unit and/or department with management authority. Currently many units and departments are involved in managing cross-border trade. Moreover, before opening a new port of entry, both governments should prepare all facilities and train officers and entrepreneurs to gain more knowledge about relevant laws, as well as providing resources for new officers in order to avoid problems of insufficient status and lag in crossing. One-stop service points should be created at customhouses to avoid long customs lines. Equipment such as X-ray trucks should be provided to support one-stop service to increase convenience and effectiveness as a way to avoid a situation where traders circumvent the law by not declaring goods at customs.
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Danila, Nevi, Kamilah Kamaludin, Sheela Sundarasen, and Bunyamin Bunyamin. "Islamic index market sentiment: evidence from the ASEAN market." Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research 12, no. 3 (May 17, 2021): 380–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-05-2020-0166.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine investor sentiment by measuring the impact of market sentiment shocks on the volatility of the Islamic stock index of five ASEAN countries, with noise traders as a proxy for market sentiment. Design/methodology/approach The GJR-GARCH model is used to capture the empirically observed fact that negative shocks in the past period have a stronger impact on variance than positive shocks in the present. Findings All five ASEAN Islamic stock indices show clustering volatility. However, only three countries, namely, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore, demonstrate leverage effects. In addition, the effect of market sentiment on Islamic stock index returns is observed in the Indonesian and Malaysian markets, which are the two largest Islamic markets with a dominant Muslim population in the ASEAN. This finding implies that the trading behaviours of Muslim investors in the Shariah market are the same as their behaviours in the conventional market, that is, nonadherence to the Sunnah. Practical implications Whilst establishing investment strategies, creating portfolios and providing client-advisory services, investors and fund managers should factor in the presence of market sentiment and its impact on stock performance and volatility. In addition, a capital market system preventing rumour-based transactions is compelling. Social implications In some markets, the Islamic financial products awareness should be increased through education to attract increased domestic investors with the potential to boost growth in the Islamic stock market. Originality/value Investigation market sentiment impacts on the Islamic stock index using noise traders as a proxy.
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Susilo, Didik, Sugeng Wahyudi, Irene Rini Demi Pangestuti, Bayu Adi Nugroho, and Robiyanto Robiyanto. "Cryptocurrencies: Hedging Opportunities From Domestic Perspectives in Southeast Asia Emerging Markets." SAGE Open 10, no. 4 (October 2020): 215824402097160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020971609.
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Previous studies have shown that cryptocurrencies could hedge equities. However, most of those studies did not take into account the recent cryptocurrencies bubbles in 2018 and domestic currencies. Therefore, this research aimed to study whether the hedge effectiveness of cryptocurrencies still exists. This research used five cryptocurrencies (bitcoin, ethereum, monero, ripple, and litecoin), equity indices (Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, and the Philippines), and iShares ETF MSCI World (developed world). Commodities-based hedging using iShares S&P GSCI Commodity-Indexed Trust was also analyzed as a comparison. The asymmetric generalized dynamic conditional correlation (AG-DCC) GARCH showed that one cryptocurrency could not significantly and consistently hedge equities while five equally weighted cryptocurrencies could marginally hedge equities. Meanwhile, the classical minimum variance model also showed that the hedge effectiveness of cryptocurrencies was insignificantly positive. Equity traders could add cryptocurrencies into portfolios when the purpose was to maximize the Sharpe ratio instead of hedging. Overall, commodities were the better hedge for Southeast Asia emerging markets.
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Ruamsuke, Thanapong, and Pornthipa Ongkunaruk. "Supply chain analysis of import fresh fruit business in Thailand using the supply chain operations reference (scor) model." E3S Web of Conferences 316 (2021): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131602014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
According to the increasing trend of online shopping through social media and reduced international trade barriers and tariffs, there is an opportunity for entrepreneurs to import fresh fruit. However, operations throughout the supply chain have suffered from product quality control and cold chain management. The research aimed to analyze the supply chain of import chilled fresh fruit based on the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) Model and suggest optimising cold chain management. The data are collected from case study executives and operators using in-depth interviews and observation. The main problems are price markdown due to the overestimation of slow-moving products and food loss and low productivity, no standard operations in receiving and distribution, and lack of proper metrics to measure the supply chain performance. Finally, the suggestions of improvement include establish demand planning and forecasting, implement supply chain optimization and inventory monitoring, develop a lot tracking system, standard operating procedures for receiving process, enhance worker efficiency, use the sensor with the Internet of Things (IoT) solution, implement supply chain risk monitoring, and online marketing. In summary, this research will be useful for other traders to reduce food loss throughout the supply chain.
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Mungmonphoncharoen, Som, Tawatchai Apidechkul, and Pannipha Dokmaingam. "Factors associated with the recurrence of dengue fever in villages in Chiang Rai, Thailand." Journal of Health Research 33, no. 6 (November 11, 2019): 438–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhr-11-2018-0140.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors associated with DF occurrence in recurrence villages in Chiang Rai, Thailand. Design/methodology/approach A case-control study was conducted between June 2017 and December 2017. A validated questionnaire was used to detect the factors associated with recurrence of DF. χ2 and logistic regression were used to detect the associations between variables at α=0.05. Findings In total, 213 cases and 436 controls were recruited into the analysis. Cases were recruited from 20 DF recurring villages, while controls were recruited from 20 non-DF recurring villages in Chiang Rai province. At community level, three variables were associated with recurrence of DF; size of the village (p=0.007), number of villagers (p=0.009), tribe (p=0.043) and distance to a hospital (p=0.003). Three variables were associated with DF at personal and family levels in multivariate model: children whose parents worked as daily employees, and government officers and traders were more likely to have DF 1.56 (95%CI=1.22–2.48) and 4.31 (95%CI=4.66–9.38) times greater than of those whose parents’ worked as agriculturists, respectively; children aged less than one year were 2.89 (95%CI=2.17–4.33) times more likely to have DF than those aged=6 and children who were under standard growth and over standard growth were more likely to have DF than those standard growth 1.61 (95%CI=1.18–2.53) and 7.33 (95%CI=4.39–10.37) times, respectively. Originality/value This is the original research article which was conducted in detecting the factors associated with recurrence of DHF in Northern Thailand.
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Sathapatyanon, Jedsadaporn, John K. M. Kuwornu, Ganesh Prasad Shivakoti, Peeyush Soni, Anil Kumar Anal, and Avishek Datta. "The role of farmer organizations and networks in the rice supply chain in Thailand." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 8, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 554–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-01-2017-0016.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the development of rice supply chain in the context of the role of rice farmer organizations and cooperative networks in Thailand. Design/methodology/approach Primary data were solicited from the cooperatives and members of cooperatives for this study through questionnaire administration. The questionnaire containing a five-point Likert scale was posed to respondents to ascertain their problems before and after joining the network (for cooperative) and after joining the cooperative (for members). This study employed the independent two-sample student t-test (two-tailed) to test for significant difference in the means of scores regarding the problems of cooperatives before and after the cooperative network, and also to test for significant difference in the means of scores of the problems of members of the cooperatives before and after joining the cooperative. Findings The study revealed that key production and marketing problems such as increased transaction costs and market uncertainties confronting the cooperative organizations have been diminished as a result of the networks. Key problems of the members of the cooperatives such as exploitation and opportunistic behavior of traders to whom they sell their products have been reduced as a result of joining the cooperatives. Research limitations/implications This paper is not without caveat. The governance structures in relation to leadership, financial arrangements and bargaining power balance have not been analyzed in this study and these are avenues for further research. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first that examined the combined roles of farmer organizations and cooperative networks in developing the rice supply chain in Thailand.
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Islam, Md Sherazul, and Hisashi Kurokura. "Gonad development and size at maturity of the male mud crab Scylla paramamosain (Forsskål, 1755) in a tropical mangrove swamp." Journal of Fisheries 1, no. 1 (December 9, 2013): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/jfish.v1i1.2013.4.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The reproductive traits and size at sexual maturity of the male mud crab Scylla paramamosain were investigated in Pak Phanang mangrove swamps, Thailand. Samples were taken seven times from the local middlemen mud crab traders during June 2006 to January 2008. Gonad development was determined based on histological appearance that was classified into three stages: 1) Immature (Spermatogonia), 2) Maturing (Spermatocytes) and 3) Mature (Spermatids and Spermatozoa). Among the sample population, the highest 72% was under gonad development stage I, whereas mature stage III was only 12%. The size at first maturity was estimated by the external allometric growth and histological observation of gonad. The size at which 50% of individuals attain sexual maturity was estimated by the two mathematical models such as probit analysis and logistic curve. The mean size at first sexual maturity and 50% maturation of male S. paramamosain were 96 mm and 109 mm internal carapace width (ICW) which revealed that 88% individuals were immature. The present result suggested that the minimum legal size of male S. paramamosain capture should be >110 mm ICW.
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Münke-Svendsen, C., V. Ao, T. Lach, C. Chamnan, C. N. Hjortsø, and N. Roos. "An explorative study of the practice of light trapping and the informal market for crickets in Cambodia." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 4, no. 1 (March 2, 2018): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2017.0063.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Edible insects are an integrated part of the food sector in many South-East Asian countries. While the majority of studies focus on Thailand and its cricket farming sector, neighbouring countries like Cambodia and Laos also form a regional market for edible insects. The aim of this research was to describe the informal food sector for wild caught crickets in Cambodia. The information was collected in April-May 2012. Information on collection equipment and techniques, processing and trade were obtained from light trap owners, traders, market vendors and governmental representatives. Five cricket species were identified to be the main trade object. Cricket trapping contributed to livelihoods of rural households operating in a self-governing market. As the crickets are caught from the wild, the sustainability of the market has to be questioned. The use of a framework to structure future studies on edible insects in South-East Asia is discussed. Insect trapping and trading is not institutionally anchored as either agriculture or fisheries – or another sector – and provides an interesting case of a food market operating in between the institutionalised sectors.
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Islam, Md Sherazul, and Hisashi Kurokura. "Gonad development and size at maturity of the male mud crab Scylla paramamosain (Forsskål, 1755) in a tropical mangrove swamp." Journal of Fisheries 1, no. 1 (December 9, 2013): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.68.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The reproductive traits and size at sexual maturity of the male mud crab Scylla paramamosain were investigated in Pak Phanang mangrove swamps, Thailand. Samples were taken seven times from the local middlemen mud crab traders during June 2006 to January 2008. Gonad development was determined based on histological appearance that was classified into three stages: 1) Immature (Spermatogonia), 2) Maturing (Spermatocytes) and 3) Mature (Spermatids and Spermatozoa). Among the sample population, the highest 72% was under gonad development stage I, whereas mature stage III was only 12%. The size at first maturity was estimated by the external allometric growth and histological observation of gonad. The size at which 50% of individuals attain sexual maturity was estimated by the two mathematical models such as probit analysis and logistic curve. The mean size at first sexual maturity and 50% maturation of male S. paramamosain were 96 mm and 109 mm internal carapace width (ICW) which revealed that 88% individuals were immature. The present result suggested that the minimum legal size of male S. paramamosain capture should be >110 mm ICW.
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Assanangkornchai, Sawitri, Kanittha Thaikla, Muhammadfahmee Talek, and Darika Saingam. "Medical cannabis use in Thailand after its legalization: a respondent-driven sample survey." PeerJ 10 (January 11, 2022): e12809. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12809.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Many countries now allow the consumption of cannabis or cannabinoids for medical purposes with varying approaches concerning products allowed and the regulatory frameworks prevailing their endowment. On 18 February 2019 Thailand passed legislation allowing the use of cannabis for medical purposes. This study aimed to examine patterns and purposes for consumption of medical cannabis, and consumers’ perceptions and opinions towards benefits and harms of cannabis and related policies in 2019–2020. Methods A cross-sectional study using a respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method was conducted in four sites across Thailand. Participants were 485 adults aged 18 years and over, living in the study region, who had used cannabis for medical purposes within the past 12 months. Face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire were used to collect data on (1) demographic characteristics, (2) pattern of consumption, (3) source of information and perception of benefits and harms of medical cannabis, and (4) opinion towards cannabis policies. Data were analyzed using RDS Analyst and presented as percentage and mean with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Most participants (84.7%, 95% CI [78.9–90.5]) used an oral form of crude oil extract while 9.2% (95% CI [4.1–14.2]) used the raw form. The most common uses were for treatment of cancers (23.3%, 95% CI [16.1–30.4]), neuropsychiatric symptoms (22.8%, 95% CI [17.5–28.0]), and musculoskeletal pains (21.6%, 95% CI [16.7–26.6]). Illegal sources such as underground traders (54.5%, 95% CI [40.8–68.3]), friends and relatives (12.2%, 95% CI [6.2–18.3]), not-for-profit provider groups (5.2%, 95% CI [0.5–10.9]), and clandestine growers or producers (2.9%, 95% CI [0.6–5.3]) were the main suppliers. Most (>80%) perceived cannabis could treat cancers, chronic pains, insomnia, Parkinson’s disease and generalized anxiety disorder. Less than half perceived that cannabis could cause adverse conditions e.g., palpitation, panic, memory impairment and schizophrenic-like psychosis. Most respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the policies regarding permission to use cannabis for medical purposes (95.1%, 95% CI [92.0–98.2]), for the legal sale of medical cannabis products (95.9%, 95% CI [93.7–98.2]), and for people to grow cannabis for medical use (94.2%, 95% CI [91.8–96.5]). However, only two-thirds agreed with policies concerning the sales of cannabis (65.3%, 95% CI [56.9–73.7]) and home-grown cannabis for recreational purposes (61.3%, 95% CI [52.7–69.9]). Conclusion Our study reports the experiences of consumers of medical cannabis in the first year after its legalization in Thailand. Consumers reported various patterns and indications of consumption that were not supported by scientific evidence, but had positive perception of the results of consumption. These findings highlight ongoing policy challenges for Thailand and can be a lesson to be learned for other countries in the region.
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Maslov, A. A. "Opportunities and combinations of chinese "Belt and Road" initiative for national economies of Southeast Asia." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 13, no. 4 (December 20, 2020): 482–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2020-4-482-493.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Initially, the Belt and Road initiative was greeted with enthusiasm in Southeast Asia, as it made possible to support projects and bring the products from Southeast Asia to international markets. However, the overwhelming number of projects in Indonesia, Malaysia, Laos, Philippines, and Thailand are experiencing significant difficulties,and none of them has been completed. China’s main volumes of investments and loans are allocated exclusively for infrastructure projects, while serious funds are not allocated for innovative industrial facilities or IT structures. Railroads and logistics facilities will be used to export Chinese goods to these countries, import raw materials to China, or deliver local industry products. The economic feasibility and quality of investments in projects in Indonesia and Malaysia are in great doubt. Laos and Myanmar are taking loans from China to develop the railway network without developing their own industry, so these regions can only be traders of Chinese goods. These countries cannot recoup the projects at all, many of them turn out to be unfinished, and therefore the debt to China is growing. The mega-project of the South China-Southeast Asia corridor was not economically sustainable. Its economic feasibility for the participating countries (except for China itself) raises many questions.
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BEASTALL, CLAIRE, CHRIS R. SHEPHERD, YOKYOK HADIPRAKARSA, and DEBBIE MARTYR. "Trade in the Helmeted HornbillRhinoplax vigil: the ‘ivory hornbill’." Bird Conservation International 26, no. 2 (May 2, 2016): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270916000010.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SummaryDemand for the ‘ivory’ casques of the Helmeted HornbillRhinoplax vigilappears to have risen very sharply, although the species is legally protected in every range state (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand) and it is on Appendix I of CITES. Seizure records and other sources indicate that the majority of hornbills are being killed in Indonesia on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra and smuggled to China where the casques are carved for commercial sale. Between March 2012 and August 2014 a minimum 2,170 heads and/or casques were seized from the illegal trade in Indonesia and China in identifiable enforcement actions. Seizures were made from poachers, smugglers, processing facilities and retailers (both physical shops and online traders). Thirteen seizures occurred in Indonesia in which no fewer than 1,117 specimens were confiscated. In China, 18 seizures resulted in the confiscation of 1,053 specimens. Anecdotal evidence suggests the species is now rare in Indonesia but that demand, reflected in the high prices involved, will not soon abate. Efforts are therefore urgently needed to end this illegal trade, which is controlled by organised crime with interests in other wildlife products, to advertise the penalties for transgressors, and to create awareness of the law and the plight of the species among potential consumers.
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Chambon, Bénédicte, Kanchana Duangta, Arunee Promkhambut, and Gregory Lesturgez. "Field latex production in Southern Thailand: a study on farmers’ and traders’ practices that may affect the quality of natural rubber latex delivered to the factories." Journal of Rubber Research 23, no. 2 (May 26, 2020): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42464-020-00043-x.
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Padungsaksawasdi, Chaiyuth. "On the dynamic relationship between gold investor sentiment index and stock market." International Journal of Managerial Finance 16, no. 3 (December 6, 2019): 372–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-11-2018-0334.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose Considering the unique data of the gold investor sentiment index in Thailand, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the bivariate dynamic relationship between the gold investor sentiment index and stock market return, as well as that between the gold investor sentiment index and stock market volatility, using the panel vector autoregression (PVAR) methodology. The author presents and discusses the findings both for the full sample and at the industry level. The results support prior literature that stocks in different industries do not react similarly to investor sentiment. Design/methodology/approach The PVAR methodology with the GMM estimation is found to be superior to other static panel methodologies due to considering both unobservable time-invariant and time-variant factors, as well as being suitable for relatively short time periods. The panel data approach improves the statistical power of the tests and ensures more reliable results. Findings In general, a negative and unidirectional association from gold investor sentiment to stock returns is observed. However, the gold sentiment-stock realized volatility relationship is negative and bidirectional, and there exists a greater impact of a stock’s realized volatility on gold investor sentiment. Importantly, evidence at the industry level is stronger than that at the aggregate level in both return and volatility cases, confirming the role of gold investor sentiment in the Thai stock market. The capital flow effect and the contagion effect explain the gold sentiment-stock return relationship and the gold sentiment-stock volatility relationship, respectively. Research limitations/implications The gold price sentiment index can be used as a factor for stock return predictability and stock realized volatility predictability in the Thai equity market. Practical implications Practitioners and traders can employ the gold price sentiment index to make a profit in the stock market in Thailand. Originality/value This is the first paper to use panel data to investigate the relationships between the gold investor sentiment and stock returns and between the gold investor sentiment and stocks’ realized volatility, respectively.
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Rumley, Dennis. "The Legend of the Golden Boat: Regulation, Trade and Traders in the Borderlands of Laos, Thailand, China and Burma. By Andrew Walker. Richmond, U.K.: Curzon, 1999. xviii, 232 pp." Journal of Asian Studies 59, no. 2 (May 2000): 398–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2658671.
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Chae, Hyun-jung. "ASEAN Regional Market and the Transformation of Border Trade as a Field : A Case Analysis of Social Capital and Trade Practices of Border Traders in Chiang Rai, Northern Thailand." Cross-Cultural Studies 24, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 353–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17249/ccs.2018.08.24.2.353.
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Jonsson, Hjorleifur. "The Legend of the Golden Boat: Regulation, Trade, and Traders in the Borderlands of Laos, Thailand, China, and Burma. By Andrew Walker. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1999. xviii, 232 pp. $45.00 (cloth)." Journal of Asian Studies 61, no. 2 (May 2002): 796–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2700379.
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Ratanapruck, Prista. "Kinship and Religious Practices as Institutionalization of Trade Networks: Manangi Trade Communities in South and Southeast Asia." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 50, no. 2-3 (2007): 325–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852007781787341.
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AbstractThis paper examines social and religious institutions that create and sustain a trade network among Nepali traders in South and Southeast Asia. It looks at how kinship and religious practices sanction a system of social and economic cooperation in their community. By pooling labor, information, material and financial resources, ensured by trust and mutual obligation, they can lower their operating costs. By extending kinship relations to societies abroad, such as through marriages with local women, they can have access to both local and translocal trade networks, as well as reduce protection costs. Because the trade network is embedded in institutionalized social practices, it is resilient and keeps a geographically dispersed community connected and competitive throughout their trading history. The paper is based on field research in Nepal, India, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore. Dans cet article l'auteur mène une analyse des institutions sociales et religieuses qui créent et maintiennent un réseau de commerçants népalais dans l'Asie du Sud et du Sud-est. L'article s'adresse aux moyens par lesquelles les liens de parenté et des pratiques religieuses soutiennent un système de coöpération sociale et économique dans cette communauté diasporique. En partageant du travail, des renseignements et de certaines ressources matérielles et financières, c'est-à-dire en suivant un processus dont la bonne foi et le sens d'obligation réciproque garantissent le bon fonctionnement, ils savent réduire les dépenses d'opération. En élargissant les réseaux de parenté vers l'étranger, par exemple par des rapports matrimoniaux, ils réussissent en même temps à gagner l'accès aux économies locales et trans-locales en réduisant également les frais de la sauvegarde contre l'extorsion et les razzias. C'est grâce à l'enracinement du réseau de commerce dans des pratiques sociales institutionelles que celuici reste toujours flexible et de longue durée, ce qui lui permet de survivre dans une communauté géographiquement dispersé et de maintenir un haut niveau de concurrence à travers une longue histoire d'activités commerciales. Les enquêtes sur lesquelles s'appuie cet article furent menées à Kathmandu et à plusieurs comptoirs en d'autres pays.
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Bedner, Adriaan, Joachim Sterly, H. J. M. Claessen, Jan Rensel, Peter Eeuwijk, Norbert Kohnen, C. D. Grijns, et al. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 155, no. 1 (1999): 145–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003883.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
- Adriaan Bedner, Joachim Sterly, Simbu plant-lore; Plants used by the people in the Central Highlands of New Guinea; Volume 1: The people and their plant-lore; Volume 2: Botanical survey of Simbu plants; Volume 3: Ethnographical key. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1997, 23 9 + 323 + 275 pp. - H.J.M. Claessen, Jan Rensel, Home in the islands; Housing and social change in the Pacific. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1997, vii + 264 pp., Margaret Rodman (eds.) - Peter van Eeuwijk, Norbert Kohnen, Traditionelle Medizin auf den Philippinen; Angstbewältigung und kognition bei Krankheiten. Stuttgart: Steiner, 1992, 396 pp. [Beiträge zur Südasienforschung 154.] - C.D. Grijns, William A. Smalley, Linguistic diversity and national unity; Language ecology in Thailand. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994, xv + 436 pp. - Nico Kaptein, Ulrike Freitag, Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s-1960s. Leiden: Brill, 1997, x + 392 pp., William G. Clarence-Smith (eds.) - Elsbeth Locher-Scholten, Raden Ajeng Kartini, On feminism and nationalism; Kartini’s letters to Stella Zeehandelar 1899-1903, translated and with an introduction by Joost Coté. Clayton, Victoria: Monash Asia Instiute, Monash University, xxiii + 129 pp. - Alison Murray, L. Manderson, Sites of desire, economies of pleasure: Sexualities in Asia and the Pacific. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997, xii + 367 pp., M. Jolly (eds.) - Chris Penders, Harry A. Poeze, Politiek-Politioneele Overzichten van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel IV, 1935-1941. Leiden: KITLV Uitgeverij, 1994, xciv + 485 pp. - Kathryn Robinson, Henk Schulte Nordholt, The spell of power; A history of Balinese politics 1650-1940. Leiden: The KITLV Press, 1996, ix + 389 pp. [VKI 170.] - Eric Tagliacozzo, Carl A. Trocki, Gangsters, democracy, and the state in Southeast Asia. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program, 1998, 94 pp. [Cornell University Southeast Asia Program Publication 17.] - Gerard Termorshuizen, Tom van den Berge, Karel Frederick Holle; Theeplanter in Indië, 1829-1896. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1998, 307 pp. - Lourens de Vries, Tom E. Dutton, Koiari. München: Lincom Europa, 1996, 77 pp. [Languages of the World/Materials 10]. - Lourens de Vries, Bruce M. Knauft, South coast New Guinea cultures; History, comparison, dialectic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, xiii + 298 pp.
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Gunawan, Hendri, and Muhammad Anggie Farizqi Prasadana. "KISAH DUA TANAH PERDIKAN: PERUBAHAN STATUS WILAYAH BEBAS PAJAK DI KERAJAAN MATARAM ISLAM ABAD VIII DAN KERAJAAN SIAM ABAD XX." Handep: Jurnal Sejarah dan Budaya 6, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33652/handep.v6i1.212.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Perdikan land or tax-free land in Indonesia and Thailand is used for religious purposes. This study aims to determine the change in tax-exempt status in Indonesia and Thailand, especially in the Islamic Mataram Kingdom and Siam Kingdom. This research used historical methods consisting of topic selection, source collection, source criticism, interpretation, and writing. The result shows the existence of tax-free areas in Indonesia and Thailand has been going on for a long time. However, tax-free land in Indonesia was revoked after independence because it was considered injustice. Differently, tax-free land in Thailand still exists but no longer receives forced labor support from the king, replaced with wage labor because of the money economy influence that Chinese trader brought and for the abolition of slavery. In conclusion, tax-free lands in these two countries have different fates due to social and economic changes.
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Ahmad, Saari. "Impact of International Trade Policies at Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Growth Triangle." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 707–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i1/pr200174.
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Chuen-Im, Chanin, and Jiin-Jen Lee. "A COASTAL DEVELOPMENT IDEA FOR GULF OF THAILAND TO IMPROVE GLOBAL TRADES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (February 2, 2011): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.53.
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Marine transport is an important mode of transportation in global trades. Despite its slow speed, more than 80 percent of transporting goods around the world is by sea. At the present time, transportation between Pacific Ocean and the Middle East region are mainly from existing three routes: Malacca Route, Sunda Route, and Lombok Route. There are more than 500,000 ships of all sizes passing through these three routes every year. It would be advantageous from the economic point of view if one can shorten the travel distance by introducing a man-made canal herein called “Siam Canal” which connects the Andaman Sea and Gulf of Thailand. Hydrodynamic simulation is being conducted to evaluate the conditions before and after the introduction of “Siam Canal” to assess the possible modification of the marine environment. A more detailed feasibility study is underway in order to provide a more definitive assessment on the economic, social, political, and environmental impacts of the proposed Siam Canal.
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Chambers, G. A., A. M. Seyb, J. Mackie, F. E. Constable, B. C. Rodoni, D. Letham, K. Davis, and M. J. Gibbs. "First Report of Pepper chat fruit viroid in Traded Tomato Seed, an Interception by Australian Biosecurity." Plant Disease 97, no. 10 (October 2013): 1386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-13-0293-pdn.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pepper chat fruit viroid (PCFVd), a species of Pospiviroid, was first discovered in a capsicum crop in the Netherlands in 2006 (4) and was then reported only in Thailand (2) and Canada. The mechanism of international spread was not known, but movement with traded seed was suspected. PCFVd is transmissible through capsicum seed (4) and very probably through tomato seed, like other pospiviroids. The viroid causes disease in capsicum and tomato and experiments by others indicate a capacity to cause disease in potato. It poses a biosecurity threat to crops internationally. PCFVd was intercepted by the Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry (DAFF) in five shipments of tomato seed (Solanum lycopersicum) exported from Israel and Thailand in September and October 2012. Batches of up to 20,000 seeds were sampled from each seed lot in a shipment and total nucleic acids were extracted from sub-samples, each of about 400 seeds, following a method similar to Hoshino et al. (1). PCFVd was initially detected when reverse transcription PCR using the generic pospiviroid primers Pospi1-FW and Pospi1-RE (3) produced amplicons of 189 bp, which were then sequenced. The PCFVd specific primers AP FW1 and AP RE2 (4) were used to amplify the remainder of the viroid genome, which was directly sequenced. Overlapping sequences were aligned to produce complete sequences of 349 bases, one from seed from Thailand and two from seed from Israel (GenBank: KC762952, KC762953, KC762954). Searches of the GenBank nucleotide non-redundant database indicated close matches with sequences from PCFVd isolates from tomato in Thailand (2); alignments generated by BLAST showed the sequences differed from those from Thailand at only 2 to 18 nucleotide positions, equating to 95 to 99% identity. PCFVd sequences from seed from Thailand were almost identical (>99%) to the sequences from seed from Israel. Many sub-samples were negative, indicating that the number of contaminated seeds was very small in some shipments. The positive sub-samples as a proportion of the total number of sub-samples tested from the five shipments was 1/1, 1/5, 1/1, 12/50, and 7/50. Tomato and capsicum seed are produced in many countries and often traded through second countries. The infected tomato seed shipments intercepted by DAFF were destroyed or re-exported following Australian regulations. Other countries were informed through the International Plant Protection Convention. This pest viroid has not been intercepted by Australian authorities before and has not been detected in recent Australian survey work (data not shown). References: (1) S. Hoshino et al. Res. Bull. Plant Prot. Japan 42:75, 2006. (2) K. Reanwarakorn et al. New Dis. Rep. 24:6, 2011 (3) J. Th. J. Verhoeven et al. EJPP 110:823, 2004. (4) J. Th. J. Verhoeven et al. Virus Res. 144:209, 2009.
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Suwanlee, Savittri Ratanopad, and Jaturong Som-ard. "Spatial Interaction Effect of Population Density Patterns in Sub-Districts of Northeastern Thailand." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 9 (September 19, 2020): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9090556.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The north-eastern region in Thailand is the largest in area and population. Its average income per capita is, however, the lowest in Thailand. This phenomenon leads to migration to big cities, which are considered economic centres. We investigated the effect of spatial interaction on the population density pattern in 20 provinces in north-eastern Thailand. Data was obtained from the compilation and preparation of the demographic data of 2676 sub-districts for 2002–2017. A field survey was conducted through GPS at educational institutions, hospitals, airports, government offices, and shopping malls. The data was analysed using spatial autocorrelation analysis by a global indicator (global Moran’s I) and a local indicator (local Moran’s I and Getis–Ord Gi*). Eight Mueang districts exhibited the high-high (H-H) cluster pattern or hot spot at an increasing yearly rate. In addition, the area with the highest gravity was located near service sources and was found to have the largest population. Moreover, gravity interaction with service sources had a strong positive correlation with migration patterns. Thus, the cluster of areas with the greatest population density is located within the Mueang district in one of the provinces with most service sources, as these places attract people and consequently industrial factories and service trades.
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Nozaki, Kenji. "Regional disparity and economic linkage in the Greater Mekong Sub-region." International Journal of Development Issues 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2014): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-08-2013-0058.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – The Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) is noted as an investment destination recently. However, there are few surveys about this region. In particular, direction of the regional disparity and economic linkage cannot be found, although it is inevitable to formulate economic or business policies. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – First, the author calculated the regional GINI coefficient of the GMS, converting the per capita GDP using the purchasing power parity. Then, the trend of intra-regional trade was calculated by using the data of Direction of Trade Statistics of IMF. In addition to that, to consider the trade structures, bilateral trades of Thailand with Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar were analyzed. Findings – This paper made clear that the regional disparity of the GMS has been gradually shrinking from serious level to moderate in recent years, although it is still larger than the disparity of ASEAN original members. Two Chinese districts and Vietnam played an important role to improve the disparity. As for the intra-regional trade, it used to be very poor in the early 1990s, but is increasing in these years. There may be some signs of starting of the intra-industrial trade between Thailand and Vietnam, although trades with lower developed countries such as Laos and Myanmar are led by natural resources-related products. Originality/value – This paper is the first survey to calculate the regional disparity of the GMS with time series data. The analysis of the intra-trade among the GMS members expresses the current situation of the economic linkage of this area.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 163, no. 1 (2008): 134–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003683.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Michele Stephen; Desire, divine and demonic; Balinese mysticism in the paintings of I Ketut Budiana and I Gusti Nyoman Mirdiana (Andrea Acri) John Lynch (ed.); Issues in Austronesian historical phonology (Alexander Adelaar) Alfred W. McCoy; The politics of heroin; CIA complicity in the global drug trade (Greg Bankoff) Anthony Reid; An Indonesian frontier; Acehnese and other histories of Sumatra (Timothy P. Barnard) John G. Butcher; The closing of the frontier; A history of the maritime fisheries of Southeast Asia c. 1850-2000 (Peter Boomgaard) Francis Loh Kok Wah, Joakim Öjendal (eds); Southeast Asian responses to globalization; Restructuring governance and deepening democracy (Alexander Claver) I Wayan Arka; Balinese morpho-syntax: a lexical-functional approach (Adrian Clynes) Zaharani Ahmad; The phonology-morphology interface in Malay; An optimality theoretic account (Abigail C. Cohn) Michael C. Ewing; Grammar and inference in conversation; Identifying clause structure in spoken Javanese (Aone van Engelenhoven) Helen Creese; Women of the kakawin world; Marriage and sexuality in the Indic courts of Java and Bali (Amrit Gomperts) Ming Govaars; Dutch colonial education; The Chinese experience in Indonesia, 1900-1942 (Kees Groeneboer) Ernst van Veen, Leonard Blussé (eds); Rivalry and conflict; European traders and Asian trading networks in the 16th and 17th centuries (Hans Hägerdal) Holger Jebens; Pathways to heaven; Contesting mainline and fundamentalist Christianity in Papua New Guinea (Menno Hekker) Ota Atsushi; Changes of regime and social dynamics in West Java; Society, state and the outer world of Banten, 1750-1830 (Mason C. Hoadley) Richard McMillan; The British occupation of Indonesia 1945-1946; Britain, the Netherlands and the Indonesian Revolution (Russell Jones) H.Th. Bussemaker; Bersiap! Opstand in het paradijs; De Bersiapperiode op Java en Sumatra 1945-1946 (Russell Jones) Michael Heppell; Limbang anak Melaka and Enyan anak Usen, Iban art; Sexual selection and severed heads: weaving, sculpture, tattooing and other arts of the Iban of Borneo (Viktor T. King) John Roosa; Pretext for mass murder; The September 30th Movement and Suharto’s coup d’état in Indonesia (Gerry van Klinken) Vladimir Braginsky; The heritage of traditional Malay literature; A historical survey of genres, writings and literary views (Dick van der Meij) Joel Robbins, Holly Wardlow (eds); The making of global and local modernities in Melanesia; Humiliation, transformation and the nature of cultural change (Toon van Meijl) Kwee Hui Kian; The political economy of Java’s northeast coast c. 1740-1800; Elite synergy (Luc Nagtegaal) Charles A. Coppel (ed.); Violent conflicts in Indonesia; Analysis, representation, resolution (Gerben Nooteboom) Tom Therik; Wehali: the female land; Traditions of a Timorese ritual centre (Dianne van Oosterhout) Patricio N. Abinales, Donna J. Amoroso; State and society in the Philippines (Portia L. Reyes) Han ten Brummelhuis; King of the waters; Homan van der Heide and the origin of modern irrigation in Siam (Jeroen Rikkerink) Hotze Lont; Juggling money; Financial self-help organizations and social security in Yogyakarta (Dirk Steinwand) Henk Maier; We are playing relatives; A survey of Malay writing (Maya Sutedja-Liem) Hjorleifur Jonsson; Mien relations; Mountain people and state control in Thailand (Nicholas Tapp) Lee Hock Guan (ed.); Civil society in Southeast Asia (Bryan S. Turner) Jan Mrázek; Phenomenology of a puppet theatre; Contemplations on the art of Javanese wayang kulit (Sarah Weiss) Janet Steele; Wars within; The story of Tempo, an independent magazine in Soeharto’s Indonesia (Robert Wessing) REVIEW ESSAY Sean Turnell; Burma today Kyaw Yin Hlaing, Robert Taylor, Tin Maung Maung Than (eds); Myanmar; Beyond politics to societal imperatives Monique Skidmore (ed.); Burma at the turn of the 21st century Mya Than; Myanmar in ASEAN In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde no. 163 (2007) no: 1, Leiden