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1

Durn, Goran. "Terra Rossa in the Mediterranean Region: Parent Materials, Composition and Origin." Geologia Croatica 56, no. 1 (2003): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4154/gc.2003.06.

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In the past, the term “terra rossa” became quite a common indication for all limestone derived red soils in the Mediterranean region. Today, in some classification systems based on the Mediterranean climate as the major soil differentiating criterion, the term terra rossa is used as a name for the soil subclass “Modal Fersiallitic Red soil” when situated on limestones (DUCHAUFOUR, 1982). However, several national soil classifications (e.g. Croatian, Italian, Israeli) retained the term “terra rossa” for the hard limestone derived red soils. The nature and relationship of terra rossa to underlying carbonates is a long-standingproblem which has resulted in different opinions with respect to the parent material and origin of terra rossa. Terra rossa is a reddish clayey to silty-clay material, which covers limestone and dolomite in the form of a discontinuous layer ranging in thickness from a few centimetres to several metres. It is also found along cracks and between bedding surfaces of limestones and dolomites. Thick accumulationsof terra rossa like material are situated in karst depressions in the form of pedo-sedimentary complexes. A bright red colour is a diagnostic feature of terra rossa and is a result of the preferential formation of haematite over goethite, i.e. rubification. Terra rossa can be considered as soil, vetusol, relict soil (non-buried-paleosol), paleosol or pedo-sedimentary complex (soil-sediments) among differentauthors. Most authors today believe that terra rossa is polygenetic relict soil formed during the Tertiary and/or hot and humid periods of the Quaternary. However, some recent investigation in the Atlantic coastal region of Morocco (BRONGER & SEDOV, 2002) show that at least some terra rossa previously referred to as polygenetic relict soils should be regarded as Vetusols. In some isolated karst terrain, terra rossa may have formed exclusively from the insoluble residue of limestoneand dolomite but much more often it comprises a span of parent materials including, for example, aaeolian dust, volcanic material or sedimentary clastic rocks which were derived on carbonate terrain via different transport mechanisms. BOERO & SCHWERTMANN (1989) concluded that it is of little relevance for the process of rubification whether the primary Fe sources are autochthonous or allochthonous as long as the general pedoenvironment remains essentially suitable for the formation of terra rossa. This pedoenvironment is characterised by an association of Mediterranean climate, high internal drainage due to the karstic nature of a hard limestone and neutral pH conditions. Terra rossa is formed as a result of: (1) decalcification, (2) rubification and (3) bisiallitization and/or monosiallitization. Since Fed/clay ratios are relatively uniform in most terra rossa, translocation of clay particles is responsible for the distribution of the red colour throughout the whole profile. However, since terra rossa soils have been exposed to various climatic fluctuations they can be affected by eluviation, yellowing and secondary hydromorphy. Erosion and deposition processes which were superimposed on karst terrains and induced by climatic changes, tectonic movements and/or deforestation might be responsible for both the patchy distribution of terra rossa and thick colluvial or alluvial terra rossa accumulations in uvala and dolina type of karst depressions (pedo-sedimentary complexes, soil-sediments).
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2

Wang, Xiaolei, Zhong-Hua Chen, Chongyi Yang, Xuelei Zhang, Gulei Jin, Guang Chen, Yuanyuan Wang, et al. "Genomic adaptation to drought in wild barley is driven by edaphic natural selection at the Tabigha Evolution Slope." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 20 (April 30, 2018): 5223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1721749115.

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Ecological divergence at a microsite suggests adaptive evolution, and this study examined two abutting wild barley populations, each 100 m across, differentially adapted to drought tolerance on two contrasting soil types, Terra Rossa and basalt at the Tabigha Evolution Slope, Israel. We resequenced the genomes of seven and six wild barley genotypes inhabiting the Terra Rossa and basalt soils, respectively, and identified a total of 69,192,653 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions/deletions in comparison with a reference barley genome. Comparative genomic analysis between these abutting wild barley populations involved 19,615,087 high-quality SNVs. The results revealed dramatically different selection sweep regions relevant to drought tolerance driven by edaphic natural selection within 2,577 selected genes in these regions, including key drought-responsive genes associated with ABA synthesis and degradation (such as Cytochrome P450 protein) and ABA receptor complex (such as PYL2, SNF1-related kinase). The genetic diversity of the wild barley population inhabiting Terra Rossa soil is much higher than that from the basalt soil. Additionally, we identified different sets of genes for drought adaptation in the wild barley populations from Terra Rossa soil and from wild barley populations from Evolution Canyon I at Mount Carmel. These genes are associated with abscisic acid signaling, signaling and metabolism of reactive oxygen species, detoxification and antioxidative systems, rapid osmotic adjustment, and deep root morphology. The unique mechanisms for drought adaptation of the wild barley from the Tabigha Evolution Slope may be useful for crop improvement, particularly for breeding of barley cultivars with high drought tolerance.
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3

Arienzo, M., and A. Buondonno. "Adsorption of paraquat by Terra Rossa soil and model soil aggregates." Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 39, no. 3-4 (December 1993): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772249309357917.

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4

Vaupotič, Janja, Delko Barišić, Ivan Kobal, and Stipe Lulić. "Radioactivity and Radon potential of the terra rossa soil." Radiation Measurements 42, no. 2 (February 2007): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.01.034.

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5

Hindersah, Reginawanti, Yusi Firmansyah, and Nia Kurniati. "Soil properties of agricultural area in karst terrain of Parakan, Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia." Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 8, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 2809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2021.083.2809.

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a clayed soil characterized by reddish in colour, thick solum and neutral acidity. Farmers in Parakan area, Parigi District of Pangandaran, usually cultivate cash crops in terra rossa. Nowadays, farmers have no information about the properties of the soil, which is an important factor to maintain and increase plant productivity. The objective of this descriptive quantitative study was to verify the soil characteristic included physicochemical and microbiological properties in a selected agricultural field of Parakan. The soil samples were taken from three different areas covered with different vegetation. The study showed that terra rossa in the karst area is a non-saline soil with neutral acidity and low electrical conductivity. The texture of all soils were clay contained >50% clay particle. The soils were low in organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphor; but high in total phosphor and potassium, as well as cation exchange capacity. The population of soil microbes include total and fungal bacteria, as well as nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter and phosphate solubilizing bacteria, were average. In order to increase the organic carbon level; and the availability of phosphor and nitrogen, organic matter amendment is needed.
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6

Mataix-Solera, J., V. Arcenegui, C. Guerrero, M. M. Jordán, P. Dlapa, N. Tessler, and L. Wittenberg. "Can terra rossa become water repellent by burning? A laboratory approach." Geoderma 147, no. 3-4 (October 2008): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.08.013.

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7

Hijawi, Thameen, Jehad Abbadi, Azzam Saleh, Reem Yaghmour, Khaled Qabaha, and Fuad Al-Rimawi. "Effect of different growing media on selected growth performance parameters of Raphanus pugioniformis and Raphanus raphanistrum." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 10, no. 5 (October 31, 2022): 1138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2022.10(5).1138.1148.

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Raphanus raphanistrum and R. pugioniformis (Brassicaceae) are wild radishes, native to the Eastern Mediterranean region. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of growing soil media (perlite, sand, and terra rossa) on the growth performance of two Raphanus species. For this, seeds of the selected species were germinated and seedlings were transferred to plastic cylinders, filled with growing soil media. At harvest, various growth parameters including shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight, and root dry weight were determined. Root and shoot fresh and dry weight, before and after oven dry for 24 h at 70 °C was measured. Results of the study revealed statistically significant differences (P value ≤ 0.05) among the various studied growth parameters for the selected Raphanus species and are affected by different growing media including types of soil and growing time (days after potting from 33 to 78). After 33 days of potting, the average shoot length for R. pugioniformis was found 6.6, 8.0, and 8.6 cm in terra rossa, sand, and perlite growing media respectively. On the other hand, the fresh (0.8, 1.6, and 2.5g) and dry (0.25, 0.48, and 0.72g) shoot weight for R. pugioniformis was reported in terra rossa, sand, and perlite soil media respectively. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that among the tested growing media, perlite growing medium is the best medium for the growth of both studied Raphanus species. This study demonstrated that the three studied growing media affected all the growth performance parameters of both Raphanus pugioniformis and Raphanus raphanistrum differently.
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8

Martins, Ruben, Celso Gomes, Luís Lopes, Maria Arroz, Dulce Santos, Francisco Rosado, and Ana Cunha. "Application in Pottery of the Residual Soils Associated to Marbles from the Estremoz Anticlinal Region." Key Engineering Materials 548 (April 2013): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.548.147.

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Terra rossa is a residual soil that is derived from the chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks. This type of soil occurs in the region of the so-called Estremoz anticlinal, being the result of the weathering of extensive marble occurrences which are exploited for ornamental stone. The research work performed and disclosed in the present paper shows that terra rossa possesses appropriate compositional and technological properties for its use on ceramic applications, particularly for the local traditional pottery. In potential marble quarry sites several thick soil horizons can be found, and whenever the soil is removed marble is shown up. As a rule, the removed soil is deposited around the quarry, and so far no use has been given to it. Pottery has a long tradition in the Alentejo region, and Vila de Redondo and Aldeia de S. Pedro do Corval are known as emblematic centers of this activity. However, time has shown that the scarcity of high quality clay deposits has become an important issue. Therefore, potters are buying clay from other regions of Portugal, in particular in the area of Caldas da Rainha, located in the central west of the country and far from Alentejo, or even importing it from Spain. The cooperative research work carried out in the Laboratories of DGUE, the Department of Geosciences at the University of Aveiro (DGUA) and CENCAL, and at the pottery owned by the artisan Mestre Xico Tarefa, in Vila de Redondo, has shown that terra rossa, due to its physicochemical, mineralogical and technological properties, can be used as a raw material in ceramic manufacturing, particularly in the traditional pottery produced both in Redondo and S. Pedro de Corval.
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9

Henkin, Zalmen, and No'am G. Seligman. "Survival of Sarcopoterium Spinosum seedlings growing on terra rossa soil." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 55, no. 1 (December 1, 2007): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijps.55.1.45.

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10

Kubota, Aki, Jorge Bordon, Kent Hoshiba, Toshiyuki Horita, and Kazuo Ogawa. "Change in Physical Properties of “Terra Rossa” Soils in Paraguay under No-tillage." Soil Science Society of America Journal 69, no. 5 (September 2005): 1448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2004.0277.

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11

VALENTINI, M. "13C CPMAS-NMR spectroscopy for characterization of soil organic carbon in terra rossa." agrochimica 3/2018 62, no. 3 (December 2018): 203–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12871/00021857201831.

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12

Durn, G., F. Ottner, and D. Slovenec. "Mineralogical and geochemical indicators of the polygenetic nature of terra rossa in Istria, Croatia." Geoderma 91, no. 1-2 (August 1999): 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7061(98)00130-x.

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13

Feng, Jin-Liang, and Chao-Feng Li. "Chromium speciation and its stable isotopic signature in the dolomite–terra rossa weathering system." Geoderma 339 (April 2019): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.12.047.

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14

Miloš, Boško, and Aleksandra Bensa. "Assessment of soil Cu concentration and background threshold value in terra rossa of Dalmatia." Journal of Central European Agriculture 22, no. 3 (2021): 623–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/22.3.3169.

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15

Major, Nikola, Jasper Schierstaedt, Adam Schikora, Igor Palčić, Marko Černe, Smiljana Goreta Goreta Ban, Igor Pasković, Josipa Perković, Zoran Užila, and Dean Ban. "Pyrolyzed or Composted Sewage Sludge Application Induces Short-Term Changes in the Terra Rossa Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 10, 2022): 11382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811382.

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The addition of compost or biochar to soils is a viable strategy to increase soil organic matter (SOM), especially if the amendments are produced from biomass wastes. The need for sustainable land management without sacrificing agricultural production is critical to alleviate negative impacts on soil quality, including loss of SOM and nutrients. Turning sewage sludge (SS) into compost or biochar can help in lowering its potential negative effects on soil and providing a viable strategy for SS management through its recycling in agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term impact of SS in its composted or biochar form on the fungal and bacterial communities of the Terra Rossa soil by high-throughput sequencing. A greenhouse pot trial was conducted using a 2-factor experiment consisting of amendment type (compost, biochar) and sampling time (Day 0, 30, and 60) as the main factors. The results showed no effect of SS addition on fungal and bacterial species richness, as well as a shift in relative abundance of the fungal phylum Zygomycota and bacterial phylum Firmicutes and Thermomicrobia. Both bacterial and fungal community analyses showed changes when composted sewage sludge was applied. However, only the fungal community differed from the control soil by the end of the 60-day vegetation period of Chinese cabbage.
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16

Pošćić, Filip, Marko Runjić, Maja Jukić Špika, Nevenka Mikac, Zed Rengel, Marija Romić, Branimir Urlić, et al. "Nutrient deficiencies in olives grown on typical Mediterranean soils (Terra rossa, Rendzina, Lithosol)." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 64, no. 13 (April 16, 2018): 1777–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2018.1457785.

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17

MADRAU, Salvatore, Claudio ZUCCA, İhsan AKȘİT, Zülküf KAYA, and Selim KAPUR. "Tree-induced changes in a terra rossa soil under olive.Observations from an integrated field study." TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 41 (2017): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/tar-1606-57.

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18

Gurhan Yalcin, M., and Semiha Ilhan. "Major and trace element geochemistry of Terra Rossa soil in the Kucukkoras region, Karaman, Turkey." Geochemistry International 46, no. 10 (October 2008): 1038–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s001670290810008x.

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19

Miloš, B., and A. Bensa. "Background Variation and Threshold Values for Cadmium Concentration in Terra Rossa Soil from Dalmatia, Croatia." Eurasian Soil Science 52, no. 12 (December 2019): 1622–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064229319120111.

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20

Feng, Jin-Liang, and Li-Ping Zhu. "Origin of terra rossa on Amdo North Mountain on the Tibetan plateau, China: Evidence from quartz." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 55, no. 3 (June 2009): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-0765.2009.00370.x.

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21

Priori, Simone, Edoardo A. C. Costantini, Enrico Capezzuoli, Guiseppe Protano, Alexandra Hilgers, Daniela Sauer, and Fabio Sandrelli. "Pedostratigraphy of Terra Rossa and Quaternary geological evolution of a lacustrine limestone plateau in central Italy." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 171, no. 4 (August 2008): 509–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200700012.

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22

Sladonja, Barbara, Marin Krapac, Dean Ban, Zoran Užila, Slavica Dudaš, and Dušica Dorčić. "Effect of soil type on pyrethrum seed germination." Journal of Plant Protection Research 54, no. 4 (December 30, 2014): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jppr-2014-0063.

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Abstract Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Sch. Bip.) is an autochthonous insecticidal plant from Dalmatia (Croatia). It is commercially grown worldwide with a particularly fast expansion in Africa and Australia (Tasmania) and used as a natural insecticide. The study was conducted in Istria, Croatia, in a greenhouse, to determine the effect of soil type on the germination of pyrethrum seeds. The effect of different soil types on the germination of pyrethrum was found to be highly significant. The highest percentage of germination was found on white clay loam (soil type 2), and the lowest on red clay Terra Rossa (soil types 1 and 6). Seed germination was greatly influenced by soil texture, foremost silt percentage, and soil pH. The present study suggests that pyrethrum seed germination is best on slightly alkaline clayey loams with moderate nutrients. Positive correlation was confirmed among germination percentage and silt content and soil pH.
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23

Tvica, Mirza. "THE STATE OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER IN DIFFERENT PHYSICAL FRACTIONS DEPEND ON LAND USE TYPE." Radovi Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu 21, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2016.v1.i1.290.

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UDK 631.417(497.6) Known fact is that arable soils compared with correspondent native soils differ in the state of soil organic matter (SOM) and that agricultural practices halved content of soil organic carbon in last decades. Further, soil structure or aggregation mediates many biological and chemical processes in soil and influence on protecting of SOM. The objectives of this paper is to analyze how the different land use (forest, grassland and arable soil) effects on quality and quantity of SOM in different physical fraction. In particular, it is important to determine what pool (physically separated fraction) of SOM is most sensitive on cultivation and what pool is more resistant to mineralization. The research is carried out on two soil type with different texture, Pseudogley and Terra rossa, in condition of different climate and soil management. Two groups of SOM analysis are singled out: 1) quantify SOC and N storage, and δ13C by horizons; and 2) quantify the SOC and N in the following physically separated fractions of SOM: a) coarse and fine particulated organic matter (POM) density <1.8 gcm-3; b) occluded POM in stable microaggregates 53-250 µm; and c) SOM in small microaggregates <53 µm.
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24

Brunetti, Gennaro, Giuseppe Natale Mezzapesa, Andreina Traversa, Eleonora Bonifacio, Karam Farrag, Nicola Senesi, and Valeria D'Orazio. "Characterization of Clay- and Silt-Sized Fractions and Corresponding Humic Acids Along a Terra Rossa Soil Profile." CLEAN - Soil, Air, Water 44, no. 10 (July 13, 2016): 1375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/clen.201500857.

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25

Vaupotič, J., P. Žvab Rožič, and D. Barišić. "Environmental aspect of radon potential in terra rossa and eutric cambisol in Slovenia." Environmental Earth Sciences 66, no. 1 (August 2, 2011): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-011-1228-0.

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26

HETH, GIORA. "Burrow patterns of the mole ratSpalax ehrenbergiin two soil types (terra-rossa and rendzina) in Mount Carmel, Israel." Journal of Zoology 217, no. 1 (January 1989): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1989.tb02473.x.

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27

Mirabella, Aldo, E. A. C. Costantini, and S. Carnicelli. "Genesis of a polycyclic Terra Rossa (Chromic Cambisol on Rhodic Nitisol) at the Poggio del Comune in Central Italy." Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde 155, no. 5 (1992): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.19921550510.

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28

Krklec, Kristina, Igor Ljubenkov, and Aleksandra Bensa. "Prirodni resursi otoka Korčule." Geoadria 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/geoadria.259.

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In this paper, the authors analyse geological, geomorphological, soil, climate, hydrological and phytocenological characteristics of the Island of Korčula. The island is built of limestone and dolomite of Cretaceous age, covered with terra rossa and Quaternary sands. Morphologically, the relief of the island is characterized by interleaving of hills and fields, and indented coastline. There are a large number of soil units (calcocambisol, red, colluvium, reddish black soil, and rigoled soil of fields and terraces). The island is characterized by Csa type of climate (Mediterranean climate with mild winters and hot and dry summers). There are no surface water flows, and there is only one permanent source of drinking water of a small capacity. In vegetation and bioclimatic terms Korčula Island belongs to the Mediterranean vegetation region. There are two distinct vegetation zones on the island: Steno-Mediterranean and Eu-Mediterranean. Natural resources are limited, and therefore their exploitation should be consistent with sustainable development. With respect to this fact, the guidelines for the future development of the Island of Korčula are proposed.
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29

Miloš, Boško, and Aleksandra Bensa. "Lead and zinc concentration in genetic horizons of Terra rossa soil at a local scale. How these concentrations differ?" Journal of Central European Agriculture 21, no. 3 (2020): 633–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/21.3.2588.

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30

Faur, Luchiana, Virgil Drăgușin, Daniela Dimofte, Ferenc Lázár Forray, Maria Ilie, Constantin Marin, Cristian Mănăilescu, et al. "Multi-Proxy Study of a Holocene Soil Profile from Romania and Its Relevance for Speleothem Based Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions." Minerals 11, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080873.

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In this study, we describe a sedimentary deposit situated above Ascunsă Cave (SW Romania) that should be in depositional connection with coeval stalagmites from the cave. We excavated a 2.5 m deep soil profile and took contiguous bulk samples every 5 cm. Soil samples were analyzed for clay mineralogy, grain size, chemical composition, magnetic susceptibility, and stable carbon isotopes. Radiocarbon dating revealed that the soil is of Holocene age, and presents a depositional hiatus between 5.4 and 2.3 thousand years before the present. Due to the open system behavior of soils and mobility of organic matter, a few hundred years of uncertainty should be considered for the duration of this hiatus. The fine fraction is dominated by silt, while the clay mineralogical association is made of illite, chlorite, kaolinite, vermiculite, and illite–vermiculite and illite–chlorite mixed layered minerals. The sediment source of this soil is represented by a nearby mélange complex, as well as by an underlying terra rossa-type soil. As this latter type of soil is widespread in our study area, we performed luminescence dating on two samples from a representative location close to our site and it appears that this type of Mediterranean soil was formed during the Last Interglacial period. δ13C variability in soil organic matter and a stalagmite from the cave are comparing well, and could help future studies identify modifications in isotopic fractionation processes within the cave.
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31

Kubota, Aki, Kent Hoshiba, and Jorge Bordon. "Green-manure turnip for soybean based no-tillage farming systems in eastern Paraguay." Scientia Agricola 62, no. 2 (April 2005): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162005000200010.

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A no-tillage soybean-wheat cropping system has been practiced for many years on the "Terra Rossa" soils of eastern Paraguay. Soil compactness and soil erosion have recently been identified as potential problems. This study examines the effect of replacing unprofitable wheat by green-manure turnip (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg.) on soil properties and soybean production. Gaseous phase, porosity, bulk density, water saturation, cone index, pH, exchangeable-cations, available-phosphorus (P) and aggregate size distribution of the soil were measured. Contrary to initial expectations, turnip did not reduce soil compactness. Instead, turnip stabilized the aggregate structure of the surface soil. Positive effects of turnip on subsequent soybean growth and yield were detected in a rather dry year but not in an exceptionally wet year. In a second part of this study, nutrient return from turnip and wheat residues were compared. Turnip produced 10.7 t ha-1 of shoot dry matter, and absorbed 294, 27, 302, 175, and 33 kg ha-1 of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively. Wheat absorbed 98, 11, 67, 11, and 7 kg ha-1 of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, respectively. About 75% of the N absorbed by wheat was removed from the field at harvest whereas most nutrients in the turnip residue were returned to the soil before planting of soybeans with positive effects on soil fertility. Additional benefits of green-manure turnip would include a reduced chance for erosion through improvements in aggregate structure and through a more complete soil cover.
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32

Dub, S., G. Mizens, V. Kuleshov, and O. Petrov. "Geochemical and isotopic characteristics of paleocavities mineral filling in the Upper Devonian-Lower Carboniferous limestones on the eastern slope of the Middle Urals (vicinity of Pershino village)." Vestnik of geosciences, no. 7 (September 8, 2022): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/geov.2022.7.4.

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Lithology and geochemistry of carbonate filling in ancient karst cavities in the Famennian-Tournaisian limestone sequence of the Rezh subzone at the eastern slope of the Middle Urals are considered. Mineral filling of paleocavities differs from typical modern subaerial speleothems. Caves are mainly filled with white massive coarse-grained calcite (cave spar), red-colored argillaceous-carbonate microgranular deposits (carbonates with an admixture of terra rossa, cave laminites) and collapse breccias, composed of host limestones fragments. The rare earth elements (REE) patterns and the isotopic composition of carbon indicate a very weak effect (or its absence) of soil or meteoric waters on the carbonate system: the speleothem calcite inherited these characteristics from the host limestones. At the same time, the isotopic composition of oxygen indicates the primary meteoric genesis of solutions and/or relatively high temperatures of calcite crystallization. Most likely, the studied speleothems were formed from solutions of surface origin circulating in the sedimentary strata for a long time (hypogene sediments).
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33

Changwen, Du, Raphael Linker, Avi Shaviv, and Zhou Jianmin. "In situ Evaluation of Net Nitrification Rate in Terra Rossa Soil Using a Fourier Transform Infrared Attenuated Total Reflection 15N Tracing Technique." Applied Spectroscopy 63, no. 10 (October 2009): 1168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370209789553246.

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34

Quevauviller, Philippe, Gemma Rauret, Allan Ure, Roser Rubio, Jos�-F�rmin L�pez-S�nchez, Haid� Fiedler, and Herbert Muntau. "Preparation of candidate certified reference materials for the quality control of EDTA-and acetic acid-extractable trace metal determinations in sewage sludge-amended soil and terra rossa soil." Mikrochimica Acta 120, no. 1-4 (March 1995): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01244439.

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35

Durn, Goran, Srečo D. Škapin, Neda Vdović, Thilo Rennert, Franz Ottner, Stanko Ružičić, Nuša Cukrov, and Ivan Sondi. "Impact of iron oxides and soil organic matter on the surface physicochemical properties and aggregation of Terra Rossa and Calcocambisol subsoil horizons from Istria (Croatia)." CATENA 183 (December 2019): 104184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104184.

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36

Travé, Anna, Noelia Rodríguez-Morillas, Vinyet Baqués, Elisabet Playà, Lluís Casas, Irene Cantarero, Juan Martín-Martín, Enrique Gómez-Rivas, Mar Moragas, and David Cruset. "Origin of the Coloured Karst Fills in the Neogene Extensional System of NE Iberia (Spain)." Minerals 11, no. 12 (December 8, 2021): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11121382.

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Karst fills from the onshore Penedès Basin and offshore València Trough display red, pink, orange and ochre colours. Their Mössbauer spectra indicate that Fe3+ contained in goethite is the dominant species in reddish-pink fills, whereas Fe2+ contained in dolomite and clays is more dominant in the orange and ochre ones. The lower δ13C values and higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the karst fills with respect to their host carbonates can reflect the input of soil-derived CO2 and an external radiogenic source into the karst system. This geochemical composition, together with the non-carbonate fraction of the fills, consists of authigenic and transported illite, illite-smectite interlayers, as well as kaolinite, chlorite, pyrite, quartz, ilmenite, magnetite, apatite and feldspar, account for a mixed residual-detrital origin of fills. This polygenic origin agrees with that of the terra rossa sediments described worldwide. The different colours of karst fills are attributed to fluctuations in the water table, which control the Eh/pH conditions in the karst system. Thus, reddish colours reflect low water table levels and oxidising episodes, and orange and ochre ones reflect high water table levels and more reducing episodes. The greenish colours of fills could be related to fluctuations in the Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio.
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37

Durn, Goran, Ivor Perković, Jens Stummeyer, Franz Ottner, and Marta Mileusnić. "Differences in the behaviour of trace and rare-earth elements in oxidizing and reducing soil environments: Case study of Terra Rossa soils and Cretaceous palaeosols from the Istrian peninsula, Croatia." Chemosphere 283 (November 2021): 131286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131286.

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38

Kubota, Aki, Kent Hoshiba, and Jorge Bordon. "Effect of fertilizer-N application and seed coating with rhizobial inoculants on soybean yield in eastern Paraguay." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 32, no. 4 (August 2008): 1627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832008000400027.

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Анотація:
Nitrogen removal in soybean grains at harvest may exceed biological N2 fixation, particularly if grain yields are as high as typically achieved on "Terra Rossa" soils of Eastern Paraguay. Applying N fertilizer or coating seeds with rhizobial inoculants that enhance nodulation may represent a way of balancing the N budget. However, the effects of such treatments appear to be highly site-specific. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of N application (N) and rhizobial inoculation (I) on nodulation, N accumulation and soybean yields in Eastern Paraguay. Field experiments were conducted in two consecutive soybean seasons. Dry conditions in the first year delayed sowing and reduced plant number m-2 and pod number plant-1. Grain yields were generally below 2 t ha-1 but the +N+I treatment increased yields by about 75%. In the second year favorable conditions resulted in yields of around 4 t ha-1 and the treatments had no effect. Nitrogen accumulation was higher in the first year and could therefore not explain the observed yield differences between years and treatment combinations. The positive effect of the +N+I treatment in year one was associated with a more rapid root growth which could have reduced susceptibility to intermittent drought stress. Nodule biomass decreased between flowering and pod setting stages in the +I treatment whereas further increases in nodule biomass in the -I treatment may have led to competition for assimilates between nodules and developing pods. Based on these preliminary results we conclude that N application and seed inoculation can offer short-term benefits in unfavorable years without negative effects on yield in favorable years.
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39

Evlogiev, Yordan, and Petru Enciu. "Lithostratigraphic correlation of the geomorphological forms in Central North Bulgaria and South Romania." Geologica Balcanica 30, no. 3-4 (February 28, 2001): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/geolbalc.30.3-4.3.

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The lithology and stratigraphy of the geomorphological forms of the Danube River and its tributaries in the areas between Vit and Yantra rivers in Bulgaria and Olt and Vedea rivers in Romania have been investigated. In the Central North Bulgaria the following geomorphological forms have been found: Pliocene denudational surface (PDS), old erosional-accumulative level (ОЕAL), river terraces Т6, T5,Т2, Т1 and floodplain T0. In the investigated Romanian area the relief is lower and it consists of old аbrаsive-accumulative lеvеl (ОAAL), river terraces Т6, T5, Т4, Т1 and floodplain Т0. The Pliocene denudational surface (PDS) is formed on Cretaceous sediments. А weathered horizon ('terra rossa') consisting of red clays (RC) is developed on these sediments. In this horizon the episodes Jaramillo, Olduvai, Соbb Mountain and Reanion are established. The absolute age of RC is evaluated of 2.60-0.80 Ма ВР. Loess complex having eight loess horizons and seven fossil soils is formed over the RC horizon. The Brunhes-Matuyama boundary is established between the seventh fossil soil and the eighth loess horizon. The old level in the both Bulgarian (ОЕAL) and Romanian (ОAAL) riversides is а result of fluvial and lacustrine-fluvial processes. It consists of alluvial and loessial deposits. The alluvium is composed of а basal gravely-sandy соmplex (ВGSC) and а соvег gravely-clayey соmрlех (CGCC). On the basis of palaeomagnetic and faunal data the absolute age of BGSC and CGCC is evaluated of 2.60-0.99 and 0.99-0.80 Ма ВР respectively. The loess соmрlех is characterized bу the same lithostratigraphy as on the PDS. The alluvial complex of the Т6 –Т1 river terraces is formed during the Glacial Pleistocene. The floodplain Т0 is deposited in the Holocene. The morphometric comparison of the relative altitudes (towards the mеаn water lеvеl of rivers) of the alluvial uррег surfaces and the base of ОEAL, ОAAL and river terraces in Bulgaria and Romania indicates а presence of positive neotectonic movements. Their gradient is different in the beginning of the Glacial Pleistocene, i.e. during the development of the erosional cuttings between the ОEAL/ОAAL-Т6 and T6-T5. The neotectonic positive movements are uniform in the time of formation of T5, Т4, Т2, Т1 and Т0 river terraces.
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40

Fekete, József, and Pál Stefanovits. "Dunántúli vörösagyagok fizikai és kémiai tulajdonságai." Agrokémia és Talajtan 51, no. 3-4 (December 2002): 305–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.51.2002.3-4.4.

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Анотація:
A Dunántúl vörösagyagos képződményeit nagyszámú mintagyűjteményből válogatott reprezentatív szelvények vizsgálati eredményeivel jellemeztük. A vörösagyagok jellemzéséhez a mechanikai összetétel adatait, a kicserélhető kationok, az adszorpciós kapacitás értékeit, valamint a röntgendiffrakciós és termoanalitikai vizsgálatokból megállapított ásványos összetételt használtuk fel. Vizsgálati eredményeink alapján a Dunántúl vörösagyagos képződményeit a következő csoportokra osztjuk. 1. Nyugat-magyarországi-peremvidék vörös talajai. a) A Kőszegi-hegység vörös talajai. Néhány helyen fordulnak elő különböző palarétegek felett vagy között az igen kötött vörösagyagrétegek. Nagyobb része helyben maradt idős képződmény. A finom frakcióban kevés a kvarc, találunk benne földpátot, kaolinitet, illitet, kevés gibbsitet, hematitot és goethitet.b) Őrségi vörös talajok. Több helyen előfordulnak, rendszerint különböző iszap-, homok- és kavicsrétegekkel váltakozva, ill. keveredve. Folyók vizei, felszíni vizek szállították kisebb-nagyobb távolságokra keletkezési helyükről, helyenként lösz is keveredett anyagukba. A teljes kémiai feltárás adatai és ásványos összetételük alapján van közöttük siallitos és igen idős ferrallitos mállástermék. Viszonylag nagy a kaolinit-tartalmuk. 2. Permi homokkövön képződött vörös talajok. Az ország legidősebb talajfélesége a permi vörös homokkőben sejthető. Színe élénk vörös, helyenként lilás árnyalatú. A permi homokkő trópusi vörösföldes üledékekből képződött kőzet. Természetesen a ma rajta található permi kőzetből kialakult talaj nem paleozoikus talajemlékek, hanem harmadidőszak végi talajmaradványok. Megtalálhatók a Balaton-felvidék egyes részein, így Balatonalmádiban, Balatonszepezden és Kővágóőrsön. Jellemzőjük a kaolinit-, illit-, montmorillonit- és hematittartalom. Hasonló talajféleség fordul elő a Mecsek-hegység permi homokköves területein is, pl. Kővágószőlősön. Ennek jellemzője, hogy nem találunk benne kaolinit agyagásványt és hematitot, de tartalmaz goethitet. 3. A Dunántúli-középhegység bauxitos képződményei. A magyarországi bauxit a középkori mészkő- és dolomittáblák felszínre került szárazulatán képződött. A bauxitösszlet erős lepusztulást szenvedett felső szintjeiben fellelhető vörösagyagok azonban óharmadkori trópusi és szubtrópusi talajok maradványai. Két csoportjukat lehet megkülönböztetni. a) Uralkodóan allitos összetételű vörösagyagok. A teljes kémiai feltárás molekuláris viszonyszámai alapján a legidősebb trópusi talajokhoz hasonlítanak, a mállás jellege ferrallitos. Kvarctartalmuk néhány %, kaolinit-tartalmuk 30–40 %, illitet, montmorillonitot általában nem tartalmaznak. Boehmit- és gibbsittartalmuk jelentős, a vas-oxidok mennyisége kevés.b) Allitos jelleget mutató bauxitos vörösagyagok: Vörösberény (64–66), Márkó (47), Szentgál (55) és Hárskút (53–54) jelű talajok. Ásványi összetételükben jelentkezik az allitos jelleg, a ferrallitos mállás kezdeti szakaszát mutatják. Kvarctartalmuk nagy, a kaolinit és klorit mennyisége jelentős. Illitet, csillámot vagy montmorillonitot is tartalmaznak. Kis mennyiségben előfordul bennük boehmit, gibbsit és hematit. 4. A Dunántúli-dombság vörösagyagai. a) A pannóniai felszín mállása révén képződött vörösagyagok. Agyagtartalmuk közepes, az agyagásványok közül megtaláljuk az illitet, kloritot, montmorillonitot és a kaolinitet nagyobb mennyiségben. Ásványai között kimutatható gibbsit és hematit is, de vörös színük többnyire az amorf vasvegyületekből származik. A miocén végétől az alsó pleisztocénig tartó időszakban keletkeztek.b) A Mecsek- és Villányi-hegység vörösagyagai. Mészkövek felszínén, mélyedéseiben, hasadékaiban találhatók. Agyagásványai a kaolinit, montmorillonit és illit. Előfordul bennük gibbsit, vasat csak amorf formában tartalmaznak. Mediterrán hatásokra keletkezett terra rossa képződmények.
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41

Filipović, Vilim, Marko Černe, Jiří Šimůnek, Lana Filipović, Marija Romić, Gabrijel Ondrašek, Igor Bogunović, et al. "Modeling Water Flow and Phosphorus Sorption in a Soil Amended with Sewage Sludge and Olive Pomace as Compost or Biochar." Agronomy 10, no. 8 (August 8, 2020): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081163.

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Organic amendments are often reported to improve soil properties, promote plant growth, and improve crop yield. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the biochar and compost produced from sewage sludge and olive pomace on soil hydraulic properties, water flow, and P transport (i.e., sorption) using numerical modeling (HYDRUS-1D) applied to two soil types (Terra Rosa and Rendzina). Evaporation and leaching experiments on soil cores and repacked soil columns were performed to determine the soil water retention, hydraulic conductivity, P leaching potential, and P sorption capacity of these mixtures. In the majority of treatments, the soil water retention showed a small increase compared to the control soil. A reliable fit with the modified van Genuchten model was found, which was also confirmed by water flow modeling of leaching experiments (R2 0.99). The results showed a high P sorption in all the treatments (Kd 21.24 to 53.68 cm3 g−1), and a high model reliability when the inverse modeling procedure was used (R2 0.93–0.99). Overall, adding sewage sludge or olive pomace as compost or biochar improved the Terra Rosa and Rendzina water retention and did not increase the P mobility in these soils, proving to be a sustainable source of carbon and P-rich materials.
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42

Hrenović, Jasna, Svjetlana Dekić, Jelena Dikić, Snježana Kazazić, Goran Durn, and Nevenka Rajić. "Metal-loaded zeolite remediation of soils contaminated with pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 71, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2020-71-3327.

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AbstractDue to the development of resistance to antimicrobial agents, bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii is nowadays a leading cause of nosocomial outbreaks. Clinically relevant A. baumannii outside hospital settings including natural soils affected by human waste represents a public-health risk for humans and animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of metal-loaded zeolites to eliminate viable A. baumannii from artificially contaminated natural soils. A. baumannii isolate was subjected to the activity of natural zeolitised tuff (NZ) and Cu-modified (CuNZ) or Ag-modified zeolite (AgNZ) in wet, slightly acidic terra rossa and slightly alkaline red palaeosol. A. baumannii survived in terra rossa and red palaeosol supplemented with 1 wt% of NZ for seven days and four months, respectively. The addition of 1 wt% of CuNZ to terra rossa and red palaeosol shortened the survival of A. baumannii to three and 14 days, respectively. The addition of 0.1 wt% of AgNZ to both soils resulted in complete removal of viable A. baumannii within 1 h of contact, while the total native heterotrophic bacterial counts remained high. Since AgNZ is prepared with a simple modification of cost-effective and environmentally friendly natural zeolite, it is a promising material for the remediation of soils contaminated with pandrug-resistant A. baumannii.
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43

Colombo, C., and J. Torrent. "Relationships between aggregation and iron oxides in Terra Rossa soils from southern Italy." CATENA 18, no. 1 (February 1991): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0341-8162(91)90006-j.

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44

Durn, Goran, Radica Ćorić, Neven Tadej, Uroš Barudžija, Vedran Rubinić, and Stjepan Husnjak. "Bulk and clay mineral composition indicate origin of terra rossa soils in Western Herzegovina." Geologia Croatica 67, no. 3 (November 20, 2014): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4154/gc.2014.13.

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45

Mee, Aija C., Erick A. Bestland, and Nigel A. Spooner. "Age and origin of Terra Rossa soils in the Coonawarra area of South Australia." Geomorphology 58, no. 1-4 (March 2004): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-555x(03)00183-1.

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46

Delgado, R., J. M. Martín- García, C. Oyonarte, and G. Delgado. "Genesis of the terrae rossae of the Sierra Gádor (Andalusia, Spain)." European Journal of Soil Science 54, no. 1 (February 21, 2003): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2389.2003.00510.x.

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47

Bellanca, Adriana, Sergio Hauser, Rodolfo Neri, and Barbara Palumbo. "Mineralogy and geochemistry of Terra Rossa soils, western Sicily: insights into heavy metal fractionation and mobility." Science of The Total Environment 193, no. 1 (December 1996): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(96)05336-3.

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48

SINGER, A., U. SCHWERTMANN, and J. FRIEDL. "Iron oxide mineralogy of Terre Rosse and Rendzinas in relation to their moisture and temperature regimes." European Journal of Soil Science 49, no. 3 (September 1998): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2389.1998.4930385.x.

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49

Stipičević, Sanja, Lavoslav Sekovanić, and Vlasta Drevenkar. "Ability of natural, acid-activated, and surfactant-modified Terra Rossa soils to sorb triazine herbicides and their degradation products." Applied Clay Science 88-89 (February 2014): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2013.12.017.

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50

Colombo, C., A. Buondonno, A. Violante, and J. Torrent. "The Contrasting Effect of Goethite and Hematite on Phosphate Sorption and Desorption by Terre Rosse." Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde 154, no. 4 (1991): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.19911540410.

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