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Опубліковано: 8 червня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Termites mounds":

1

Sichilima, Alfred M., Kong Qinglin, Lei Zhang, Ngandwe K. Mumba, Jiejie Shen, Jianzhong Li, and Boby Samuel. "Preliminary Survey on The Termite Mounds, Their Interior Geometrics and The Termite Prevention from Infrastructural Construction at New Site of Ndola International Airport in Zambia." Journal of Plant and Animal Ecology 1, no. 1 (February 16, 2018): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2637-6075.jpae-17-1868.

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An ecological study was conducted on termites located at the new site of Ndola International Airport in Zambia. The aim of this study was: (a) to assess the distribution pattern of different sizes of termite mounds located at the site, (b) to investigate the interior geometrics of termite mounds, (c) to determine the colony sizes of termites per each mound found at the site and (d) to provide technical expertise on the different termite preventive methods used on new buildings. Methods Using an aero-drone fitted with a camera, aerial surveys were conducted to capture and evaluate the spread of differently sized mounds at the site. Mathematical models were used to calculate the volume and number of nests contained in each mound. The colony sizes were captured and recorded per each mound. Analysis Multivariate statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, to compute a two way ANOVA table for comparison of p-values involving the colony sizes and the volumes of nests for small and big mounds. The ratios affecting these volumes were also calculated. Results The total of 1,880 termite mounds was captured spreading at an average of 14 mounds/ 1km2. Results further showed that 65% of total mounds were actively housing termites while 32% were virtually deserted. The 3% balance of mounds were occupied by rodents, ants and snakes, respectively. Progression on the volume of nests in bigger and smaller mounds, significantly tallied with the size of mound at p < 0.0121 and p < 0.0346, respectively. Similarly, the colony size of termites in small and larger mounds was also significant at p < 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively. The nest volume ratios of small, medium and larger mounds were also markedly increasing with the size of mound at 1:8.7-small, 1:32.8 medium and 1:1, 098.6-large, respectively. Conclusion Not every existing termite mound is occupied by termites; the size of nest was directly related to the size of mound; the size of colony concurrently increased with that of the volume of nest. This study unravels some intriguing and conflicting suggestions that smaller mounds can still have larger colonies underground and vice versa. Furthermore, this study is the first in Zambia to combine the concepts of termite habitat geometrics and infrastructural protection.
2

Jacklyn, P. M., and U. Munro. "Evidence for the use of magnetic cues in mound construction by the termite Amitermes meridionalis (Isoptera : Termitinae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 50, no. 4 (2002): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo01061.

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The termite Amitermes meridionalis builds meridionally elongated mounds. We removed the tops of such mounds and then allowed the termites to repair their mounds in the natural geomagnetic field and in artificial magnetic fields with different magnetic declinations. Cross-sections of repaired mounds were taken and the arrangement of the small, elongated cells that form the basis of mound architecture was assessed. The results suggest that the termites align mound cells along the existing axis of the mound and the cardinal axes of the horizontal component of the applied magnetic field.
3

Yamashina, Chisato. "Variation in savanna vegetation on termite mounds in north-eastern Namibia." Journal of Tropical Ecology 29, no. 6 (November 2013): 559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467413000679.

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Abstract:In savanna, termite mounds support more diverse vegetation than off-mound areas, but little is known of the patterns in plant assemblages on mounds. To explain vegetation differentiation between (1) component structures of termite mounds (conical centre vs. pediment), (2) active and inactive mounds (termites present vs. termites absent), and (3) sites on and off mounds (on mounds vs. surrounding savanna), species composition, richness and abundances of woody plants were recorded on 70 mounds and in 13 savanna plots (each 20 × 20 m) in north-eastern Namibia, focusing on soil hardness, mound status (active or not) and mound micro-topography as explanatory factors. Woody plants were absent from 33% of active mounds (54% of active cones) but were absent from only 5% of inactive mounds. Species richness and abundance per mound (mean ± SD) were lower on active mounds with (2.0 ± 1.8 and 4.6 ± 6.6, respectively) and without pediments (0.6 ± 0.6 and 0.9 ± 1.1, respectively) than on inactive mounds (4.4 ± 2.7, 19.4 ± 18.8, respectively). Despite the lower woody plant cover, some characteristic species, such as Salvadora persica, occurred preferentially on active mounds; this species occurred on 42% of active mounds. Mean soil hardness (± SD) was higher on conical parts of active mounds (4300 ± 2620 kPa) than on adjacent pediments (583 ± 328 kPa) and inactive mounds (725 ± 619 kPa). This study suggested that mound status, mound micro-topography, and soil hardness promote variability in the vegetation on mounds.
4

Holt, John A. "Carbon mineralization in semi-arid northeastern Australia: the role of termites." Journal of Tropical Ecology 3, no. 3 (August 1987): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400002121.

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ABSTRACTThe contribution of a population of mound building, detritivorous termites (Amitermes laurensis (Mjöberg)) to nett carbon mineralization in an Australian tropical semi-arid woodland has been examined. Carbon mineralization rates were estimated by measuring daily CO2 flux from five termite mounds at monthly intervals for 12 months. Carbon flux from the mounds was found to be due to microbial activity as well as termite activity. It is conservatively estimated that the association of A. laurensis and the microbial population present in their mounds is responsible for between 4%–10% of carbon mineralized in this ecosystem, and the contribution of all termites together (mound builders and subterranean) may account for up to 20% of carbon mineralized. Regression analysis showed that rates of carbon mineralization in termite mounds were significantly related to mound moisture and mound temperature. Soil moisture was the most important factor in soil carbon mineralization, with temperature and a moisture X temperature interaction term also exerting significant affects.
5

Nauer, Philipp A., Lindsay B. Hutley, and Stefan K. Arndt. "Termite mounds mitigate half of termite methane emissions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 52 (November 26, 2018): 13306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1809790115.

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Termites are responsible for ∼1 to 3% of global methane (CH4) emissions. However, estimates of global termite CH4emissions span two orders of magnitude, suggesting that fundamental knowledge of CH4turnover processes in termite colonies is missing. In particular, there is little reliable information on the extent and location of microbial CH4oxidation in termite mounds. Here, we use a one-box model to unify three independent field methods—a gas-tracer test, an inhibitor approach, and a stable-isotope technique—and quantify CH4production, oxidation, and transport in three North Australian termite species with different feeding habits and mound architectures. We present systematic in situ evidence of widespread CH4oxidation in termite mounds, with 20 to 80% of termite-produced CH4being mitigated before emission to the atmosphere. Furthermore, closing the CH4mass balance in mounds allows us to estimate in situ termite biomass from CH4turnover, with mean biomass ranging between 22 and 86 g of termites per kilogram of mound for the three species. Field tests with excavated mounds show that the predominant location of CH4oxidation is either in the mound material or the soil beneath and is related to species-specific mound porosities. Regardless of termite species, however, our data and model suggest that the fraction of oxidized CH4(fox) remains well buffered due to links among consumption, oxidation, and transport processes via mound CH4concentration. The meanfoxof 0.50 ± 0.11 (95% CI) from in situ measurements therefore presents a valid oxidation factor for future global estimates of termite CH4emissions.
6

Räsänen, Matti, Risto Vesala, Petri Rönnholm, Laura Arppe, Petra Manninen, Markus Jylhä, Jouko Rikkinen, Petri Pellikka, and Janne Rinne. "Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes from mounds of African fungus-growing termites." Biogeosciences 20, no. 19 (October 4, 2023): 4029–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4029-2023.

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Abstract. Termites play an essential role in decomposing dead plant material in tropical ecosystems and are thus major sources of gaseous C emissions in many environments. In African savannas, fungus-growing termites are among the ecologically most influential termite species. We studied the gas exchange from mounds of two closely related fungus-growing species (Macrotermes subhyalinus and M. michaelseni, respectively) in two habitats representing different vegetation types (grassland, bushland) together with soil fluxes around the mounds. The fluxes from active termite mounds varied from 120 to 2100 mg CO2–C m−2 h−1 for carbon dioxide (CO2) and from 0.06 to 3.7 mg CH4–C m−2 h−1 for methane (CH4) fluxes. Mound CO2 fluxes varied seasonally with a 64 % decrease and 41 % increase in the fluxes from the dry to wet season at the grassland and bushland sites, respectively. During the wet season, the CO2 fluxes were significantly correlated with termite mound volume. The diurnal measurements from two M. michaelseni mounds suggest that the gas fluxes peak during the daytime, possibly reflecting changes in mound internal air circulation. Soil fluxes of both CO2 and CH4 were enhanced at up to 2 m distance from the mounds compared to the local soil respiration, indicating that, in addition to mound ventilation structures, a small proportion of the metabolic gases produced also leave the nest via surrounding soils.
7

Kaschuk, Glaciela, Julio Cesar Pires Santos, Jaime Antonio Almeida, Deise Cristina Sinhorati, and João Francisco Berton-Junior. "Termite activity in relation to natural grassland soil attributes." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 6 (December 2006): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000600013.

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Soil-feeding termites transport soil for mound building, and this process can affect soil characteristics. To verify the influence of soil termite activity on soil characteristics, samples were collected from top, bottom and center of termite mounds, and of the adjacent area, to assess chemical and physical properties and mineralogical composition. Four replicates of termite mounds and respective adjacent areas were randomly sampled in Lages, Capão Alto, Painel, São José do Cerrito and Coxilha Rica (State of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil). Results of chemical analyses showed a greater content of K, P, Ca, Mg and organic C in the inner part of termite mounds, accompanied by lower pH in relation to soil of the adjacent area. There were no differences regarding clay mineral composition between termite mounds and adjacent soil, however the proportion of sand and clay differed between them. It is concluded that termites modify soil characteristics due to great volume of soil transported per ascensum for mound construction (varying from 20.9 m³ ha-1 to 136.6 m³ ha-1, in this study) which promotes a strong pedo-bio-perturbation and affects nutrient cycling and soil physical properties.
8

Coventry, RJ, JA Holt, and DF Sinclair. "Nutrient cycling by mound building termites in low fertility soils of semi-arid tropical Australia." Soil Research 26, no. 2 (1988): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9880375.

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The capacity of three species of mound-building termites, Amitermes vitiosus Hill, Drepanotermes perniger (Froggatt), and Tumulitermes pastinator (Froggatt), to turn over plant nutrients was quantified in a semi-arid tropical woodland near Charters Towers in north-eastern Queensland. Various chemical attributes of the red and yellow earth soils, of low inherent fertility and unmodified by recent termite activity, are compared with those of the mounds of the three termite species and with the underlying, termite-modified soils. The mounds contain 21 Mg ha-l of soil, representing only 1% of the total mass of soil in the Al soil horizon but 5-7% of the plant nutrients in this system. Nutrients in the termite mounds, temporarily withheld from plant growth, are eventually returned to the soil surface by erosion of abandoned mounds. We estimate that the termites can turnover annually 300-400 kg ha-1 of soil material with nutrient levels 2-7 times that of the Al soil horizon.
9

Boonriam, Warin, Pongthep Suwanwaree, Sasitorn Hasin, Phuvasa Chanonmuang, Taksin Archawakom, and Akinori Yamada. "Effect of Fungus-Growing Termite on Soil CO2 Emission at Termitaria Scale in Dry Evergreen Forest, Thailand." Environment and Natural Resources Journal 19, no. 6 (September 10, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/19/202100048.

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Termites are one of the major contributors to high spatial variability in soil respiration. Although epigeal termite mounds are considered as a point of high CO2 effluxes, the patterns of mound CO2 effluxes are different, especially the mound of fungus-growing termites in a tropical forest. This study quantified the effects of a fungus-growing termite (Macrotermes carbonarius) associated with soil CO2 emission by considering their nesting pattern in dry evergreen forest, Thailand. A total of six mounds of M. carbonarius were measured for CO2 efflux rates on their mounds and surrounding soils in dry and wet seasons. Also, measurement points were investigated for the active underground passages at the top 10% of among efflux rates. The mean rate of CO2 emission from termitaria of M. carbonarius was 7.66 µmol CO2/m2/s, consisting of 2.94 and 9.11 µmol CO2/m2/s from their above mound and underground passages (the rate reached up to 50.00 µmol CO2/m2/s), respectively. While the CO2 emission rate from the surrounding soil alone was 6.86 µmol CO2/m2/s. The results showed that the termitaria of M. carbonarius contributed 8.4% to soil respiration at the termitaria scale. The study suggests that fungus-growing termites cause a local and strong variation in soil respiration through underground passages radiating out from the mounds in dry evergreen forest.
10

Cox, George W., and Christopher G. Gakahu. "Mima mound microtopography and vegetation pattern in Kenyan savannas." Journal of Tropical Ecology 1, no. 1 (February 1985): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400000055.

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ABSTRACTEarth mounds are important determinants of vegetation pattern in savannas, acting as foci for establishment of woody plants. In the Kenya highlands, mounds formerly attributed to termites have recently been found to be Mima mounds produced by rhizomyid mole rats. We investigated Mima mounds on black cotton soils near Kenyatta International Airport and on brown clay soils between Nairobi and Thika. At Kenyatta Airport, mounds had loamier, more granular soils than intermounds, and contained small rocks that mole rats can move. At the site between Nairobi and Thika, mound soils were more friable, higher in pH, and lower in carbon than intermound soils. Data from this and other studies indicate that Mima mound soils are more favourable for plant growth than those of true termite mounds. Mound vegetation exhibited lower coverage of grasses and greater coverage by forbs, shrubs, and bare ground, a pattern indicative of intense grazing and soil disturbance. Acacias, absent from most mounds, were abundant in the zone bordering the mound. This pattern may reflect the favourability of mound soils, combined with the effects of high grazing pressure. Future studies of savanna vegetation should distinguish between termite mounds and Mima mounds.
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Статті в журналах Дисертації

Дисертації з теми "Termites mounds":

1

Ilunga, Ngoy Serge. "Impact des termites sur les cycles biogéochimiques du cuivre et du cobalt dans le Katanga (RDC) - Application à la prospection minière." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2022_0207_ILUNGA_NGOY.pdf.

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La compréhension de l'apport du rôle des termites sur le transport des métaux d'intérêt économique au sein de l'ensemble lithosphère - pédosphère - termitières, se révèle d'un grand intérêt pour une caractérisation géochimique et géologique d'anomalies en prospection minière. En effet, les termites jouent un rôle fonctionnel remarquable dans la structuration des sols, entrainant des enrichissements chimiques liés au transport vertical de minéraux, échangés entre les horizons situés en profondeur et les termitières érigées en surface. Cette thèse a pour objectif de mettre en lumière l'impact des termites sur les cycles biogéochimiques du Cu et du Co dans une région potentiellement riche en ressources minérales (Katanga, RDC), dans un objectif d'utilisation optimisée des termitières en prospection minière. Cette objectif requiert une caractérisation des phases minérales et organiques à diverses échelles. Pour y parvenir, il a été question en premier lieu, de faire une cartographie géochimique des termitières de deux genres dominants de la région, Macrotermes et Cubitermes, à l'échelle paysagère sur une zone ayant fait l'objet d'une cartographie géologique et géochimique sur sols et roches. Cette cartographie a permis de mettre en évidence à l'échelle régionale des faciès lithogéochimiques traduisant la géologie des formations sous-jacentes et ce en fonction des habitudes alimentaires de chaque genre de termite. La distribution spatiale des termitières a également permis de suivre l'évolution des teneurs en Cu et Co au sein des termitières en fonction de la géologie de la zone d'étude. La combinaison des données acquises sur la constitution minéralogique et géochimique des matériaux constituant les termitières de Macrotermes falciger et la caractérisation morphologique et chimique de leurs principaux constituants à l'échelle microscopique a permis l'identification des phases porteuses des métaux d'intérêts dans les matériaux de ces termitières. De même la comparaison de la signature géochimique des termitières de M. falciger et de leurs matériels parentaux a permis d'établir un lien lithogéochimique, identifiant ainsi la source d'approvisionnement en profondeur utilisée par les individus de M. falciger. Enfin, la conjugaison de résultats d'une part sur la caractérisation géochimique de quatre fractions granulométriques (0-20 µm ; 20-63 µm ; 63-200 µm ; 200-2000 µm) des termitières et d'autre part sur l'évaluation de l'impact des termites sur la constitution d'agrégats dans les termitières et/ou sols, a permis de préciser les fractions granulométriques les plus informatives sur la présence et la minéralisation des phases porteuses des métaux d'intérêt du Katanga dans les matériaux de termitières. L'application de toutes ces méthodes et tous les éléments recueillis ont permis de proposer un schéma des cycles biogéochimiques de Cu et Co dans ce système soulignant l'utilisation des termitières en prospection minière efficace et efficiente
Knowledge of the influence of termites on transport of metals of economic interest within the complex of lithosphere, pedosphere and termite mounds is of great interest for geochemical and geological characterization of anomalies in mining prospection. Termites have an important functional role in the structuring of soils, causing chemical enrichment through the vertical transport of minerals exchanged between the deeper horizons and the termite mounds built at the surface. Our objective in this thesis is to evaluate the influence of termites on Cu and Co biogeochemical cycles in a mineral-rich region (Katanga, DRC), with the aim to optimize the utilization of termite mounds in mining prospection. This objective requires a characterization of mineral and organic phases at various scales. To achieve this, firstly, a geochemical mapping of termite mounds of two dominant genera of the region, Macrotermes and Cubitermes, was carried out at the landscape scale in an area that received a geological and soil and rock geochemical mapping. The utilization of termite mounds allowed the identification of lithogeochemical facies reflecting the subjacent geology on a regional scale according to the feeding habits of each termite genus. The spatial distribution of termite mounds also allowed us to follow Cu and Co content evolution according to study area geology. The combination of mineralogical and geochemical data acquired on Macrotermes falciger termite mounds and morphological and chemical characterization of their main constituents at microscopic scale allowed to identify carrier phases of interest metals in termite mounds materials. Similarly, the comparison of geochemical signatures of M. falciger termite mounds and their parent materials allowed to establish a lithogeochemical relationship, identifying the source of provisioning at depth by M. falciger. Finally, the association of geochemical characterization results of termite mounds for four granulometric fractions (0-20 µm; 20-63 µm; 63-200 µm; 200-2000 µm) and results on evaluation of the impact of termites on the constitution of aggregates in termite mounds and/or soils, allowed to specify the most informative granulometric fractions on the presence and mineralization of carrier phases of interest metals in Katanga in termite mound materials. The application of all these methods and all elements collected allowed us to propose a Cu and Co biogeochemical cycle scheme in this system, underlying the use of termite mounds in effective and efficient mining prospection
2

Vazhacharickal, Prem Jose [Verfasser], and Swetha [Verfasser] Pious. "Mound morphology, antimicrobial properties and isolation of microorganism from various termite mounds across Kerala / Prem Jose Vazhacharickal ; Swetha Pious." Göttingen : Cuvillier Verlag, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1102186317/34.

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3

Abou-Houly, Haitham. "Investigation of flow through and around the Macrotermes michaelseni termite mound skin." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8466.

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Macrotermitinae mounds could hold the key for designing a naturally ventilated human habitation using the sustainable Solar and Wind energies. Few attempts were made to mimic these structures into man build structures to achieve natural ventilation. Yet the limited understanding of the ventilation mechanisms applied in these mounds and the lack of fully developed building technologies capable of implementing such complex designs have prevented its further implementation in human habitation. A number of ventilation mechanisms were proposed, however, they are yet to be established. A prerequisite for a thorough understanding of the ventilation mechanism is the comprehension of the role of the mound skin in controlling of ventilation. This thesis focused on studying the flow through the porous mound skin into and out of the mound interior and the flow around the external skin surface. The Macrotermes michaelseni mound structure was visualised and studied in detail by means of field experiments to reveal its plaster-filled internal structure and digital scanning of a plaster-filled mound. The dimensions and interconnectivity of the internal conduits were examined to establish the source of maximum flow resistance. The mound skin and the built-in egress channels were found to be responsible for the bulk of the flow resistance. Computational Fluid dynamics CFD was used to predict the flow rates through the mound skin structure and the internal and external flow patterns. A series of Micro-CFD simulations were conducted to examine the effect of egress channel on the predicted flow rate through the porous mound skin. The effect of the mound conical shape on the external pressure distribution and flow patterns around and within the mound were predicted by Macro-CFD simulation. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to validate the Macro-CFD analysis. Egress channels are present across the height of the mound stemming from a network of surface conduits that is directly below the mound skin. The surface conduits are highly connected to each other, to the mound central chimney and to the nest structure via peripheral subterranean conduits creating a highly connected network of air conduits. Egress channels keep the mound internal conduits separate from the ambient environment under normal conditions of dry weather. These channels are opened to the skin external surface under rainy conditions to compensate for mound skin diminished air permeability. The flow through the mound skin with closed egress channels is highly sensitive to changes in the egress channel depth from the external skin surface rather than changes in the skin thickness. Closed egress channels within the mound skin doubles the flow rate through the mound. This exceeds the amount necessary for the colony metabolism to allow for part of the inflow to circulate the mound conduits and leave without reaching the subterranean nest structure. Open egress channels increase the flow rate by 1.3 times that of closed egress channels which is necessary during rainy conditions where the mound skin is impermeable. The mound spire is the most efficient in capturing air flow into the mound allowing just under 70% of the total flow rate through the mound skin. Fresh air enters the mound from the upwind conduits with an internal flow velocity ranging from 3 - 12 mm/s. Spent air leaves the mound interior from the lateral and downwind sides. The mound conical shape results in directing the inflow downwards and the outflow upwards.
4

Schmidt, Anna Maria [Verfasser], and Judith [Akademischer Betreuer] Korb. "Insights into the evolution of ‘magnetic’ termites: mound shape and population genetics / Anna Maria Schmidt. Betreuer: Judith Korb." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060889250/34.

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5

Erpenbach, Arne [Verfasser], Rüdiger Akademischer Betreuer] Wittig, and Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] [Zizka. "Termite mounds as islands of diversity in West African savanna landscapes / Arne Erpenbach. Betreuer: Rüdiger Wittig. Gutachter: Rüdiger Wittig ; Georg Zizka." Frankfurt am Main : Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081306637/34.

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6

Erpenbach, Arne Verfasser], Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Wittig, and Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] [Zizka. "Termite mounds as islands of diversity in West African savanna landscapes / Arne Erpenbach. Betreuer: Rüdiger Wittig. Gutachter: Rüdiger Wittig ; Georg Zizka." Frankfurt am Main : Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081306637/34.

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7

Moreno, Paola. "Environmental Natural Processes that Achieve Thermal Comfort in Multifamily Buildings in Hot Arid Regions." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/603491.

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Buildings, especially in hot climates, consume a lot of energy when people want to be comfortable inside them, which translates to very expensive fees each month. The most innovative response to this problem is renewable energy, that is used, in this case, to run mechanical HVAC systems. Renewable energy is the solution for many problems, but to avoid urban heat islands when using excessive HVAC systems (powered by renewables), and to solve thermal comfort-related problems, there has to be other solution. The major challenge to find it would be to have a change of thinking process. If a building in a hot-arid region uses natural processes to emulate the functions of HVAC systems, and the proper passive strategies, then, it will provide thermal comfort to its users, diminishing the need of a mechanical system. This hypothesis will be carried out by extracting the natural processes found in a specific case in nature, applying them into a building's design, and then simulating its energy efficiency with the adequate software. There will be a comparison of the same proposed building without the natural processes, to have tangible numbers showing that these proposed strategies, in fact, work. With explanatory detailed diagrams and the energy analysis, the hypothesis could be proven correct or incorrect. The significance of this approach relies on the proximity to the natural processes that have been working in different aspects of life since the beginning of time. They have been there all the time, waiting until architects, engineers, and people in general use them, instead of making more new energy-using inventions. By having the numbers from a conventional building and the ones of the proposed building, and the right environmental diagrams, the experiment should be valid. In the near future, there should be more research focused on nature and its processes, in order to be able to reduce the use of mechanical systems, and with that, reduce the energy use and the carbon footprint.
8

Roehl, Katrin, and n/a. "Terminus disintegration of debris-covered, lake-calving glaciers." University of Otago. Department of Geography, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070502.112854.

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Numerous supraglacial and proglacial lakes have developed on debris-covered glaciers in conjunction with 20th-century retreat associated with global warming. When a glacier holds a substantial debris cover on its lower reach and/or is calving into a proglacial water body, the behaviour of its terminus can be modified to varying degrees compared to that of land-terminating or debris-free glaciers. The terminus is not just retreating from its frontal position but it is disintegrating through several processes that are linked. An improved understanding of these glacier margins is needed for the prediction and management of hazards associated with these types of lakes for hydroelectric power generation, recreational purposes and areas threatened by potential glacier outburst floods as well as for the interpretation of glacio-geological records and reconstruction of former glacial environments and palaeoclimate. The principal research question of this study is how processes of ice loss contribute to the terminus disintegration of a debris-covered, lake-calving glacier. This is addressed by an application of a field-based strategy which includes extensive field observations of variables, processes and their controls, and subsequent analysis of the data in the light of previous models and concepts. The study attempts to combine and integrate different aspects of glaciological research that have previously been examined mostly separately. It investigates the prevalent processes at the glacier terminus and their controls over different time periods ranging from days to years at Mueller, Hooker and Tasman Glaciers in Mount Cook National Park, New Zealand. The data form the basis for models of calving and pond development and future retreat scenarios. This study has demonstrated that this glacial environment is characterised by ice-frontal processes with complex inter-relationships that vary between glaciers and in particular between stages of terminus development. While surface ice melt in the terminus area is substantially reduced by supraglacial debris, sub-debris melt contributes the largest fraction of ice loss. Other important effects of debris are restraining thermal undercutting, reducing subaqueous melt and decreasing buoyancy. Data from supraglacial ponds and proglacial lakes show that limnological factors become increasingly important with increasing pond/lake size. Changes in water currents and temperature lead to changes in significance and rates of ice loss processes, the most important being the change from melting to predominantly calving. This study has confirmed the hypothesis that thermal undercutting is the rate-controlling process for calving. This process is controlled by the cliff geometry, debris supply, subaqueous geometry and water temperatures, currents and level variations. The results from the examination of calving processes suggest that the process of regular, progressive calving through the stages suggested previously may not be widely applicable to slow-moving, lake-calving glaciers. The several forms of subaerial calving identified in this study can present themselves as largely independent events, a combination of events or as a progression. At the central submerged part of the ice face, subaqueous ice melt is likely to be the dominant form of ice loss, leading to horizontal ice loss. Subaqueous calving is prevalent in gently-sloping lateral areas, leading to vertical ice loss. This process is controlled by buoyancy forces which are affected by sedimentation and lake and glacier geometry. The onset of subaqueous calving in the earlier stages of lake development is a crucial process for the transition to faster disintegration and ice loss, accelerating subaqueous melt. Due to the complex inter-relationships attempts to formulate general relationships between calving or retreat rates and other glaciological parameters may not be feasible.
9

Mahan, Margaret M. "Ecological Impact of Epigeal Termitaria on Vertebrates in the Tsavo Region of Southeast Kenya." TopSCHOLAR®, 2009. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/98.

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Termites ecologically engineer their environment by producing termitaria (mounds) used by many other species as dens, lookouts or food sources. The role of termite mounds in biological communities is relatively unknown, despite their ubiquitous nature. I investigated their impact on vertebrates in the Tsavo region of Kenya. Through the characterization of mounds, trapping, direct observation, and collecting microclimate data, I was able to determine the importance of mounds to vertebrates. I found uniform dispersion of mounds, that soil type is correlated with the size of mounds, and that vertebrate activity increases with mound size. I also found no significant differences in overall numbers of animals and species between mound and non-mound areas. Reptiles were found at mound sites significantly more than at non-mound sites, especially the great plated lizard and short-necked skink. I determined that mounds’ microclimate is less variable than that of the ambient. More work is needed to further our understanding of termite mounds' impacts on vertebrates. This study led to discoveries of species not known to be in the area by myself or my affiliated parties.
10

Zippin, Jessica. "The geochemistry and mineralogy of termite mound soils eaten by chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, of the Mahale Mountains, western Tanzania." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/MQ33517.pdf.

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Книги з теми "Termites mounds":

1

George, Lynn. Termites: Mound builders. New York, N.Y: PowerKids Press, 2011.

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2

Rūaisūngnœ̄n, Sawǣng. Čhō̜mplūak nai rabop kasēttrakam Phāk Tawanʻō̜k Chīang Nư̄a =: Termite mound in agricultural system, northeastern Thailand. [Khon Kaen, Thailand]: Khrōngkān Wičhai Rabop Kānthamfam, Mahāwitthayālai Khō̜n Kǣn, 1988.

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3

Andersen, AN, and P. Jacklyn. Termites of the Top End. CSIRO Publishing, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643101418.

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Termite mounds are a distinctive feature of Australia's Top End, and the role of termites is crucial to ecosystems in this part of the world. It is estimated that more than 100 species of termites inhabit the Top End, but little is known about many of these. Termites of the Top End is an attractively illustrated, popular guide for anyone interested in these fascinating insects, and will be useful to students, amateur naturalists and researchers alike. Detail is provided on the six species most likely to be encountered and recognised.
4

George, Lynn. Termites: Mound Builders. Rosen Publishing Group, 2010.

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5

Kara, LaReau, and Hill Jen. Les Aventures involontaires des soeurs Mouais Terminus. LITTLE URBAN, 2021.

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6

Brody, Walt. How Is a Building Like a Termite Mound?: Structures Imitating Nature. Lerner Publishing Group, 2021.

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7

Brody, Walt. How Is a Building Like a Termite Mound?: Structures Imitating Nature. Lerner Publishing Group, 2021.

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8

Meyer, Victor Wilhelm. Di stribution and density of mound-building termites in the northern Kruger National Park. Technikon Pretoria, Dept. of Nature Conservation, 1997.

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9

Ruaisungnen, Sawæng. Chompluak nai rabop kasettrakam Phak Tawanok Chiang Na =: Termite mound in agricultural system, northeastern Thailand. Khrongkan Wichai Rabop Kanthamfam, Mahawitthayalai Khon Kæn, 1988.

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10

Dilley, Roy. Islamic and Caste Knowledge Practices among Haalpulaaren in Senegal: Between Mosque and Termite Mound (International African Library). Edinburgh University Press, 2005.

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Частини книг з теми "Termites mounds":

1

Yagi, Atsushi. "Termite Mound Building Model." In Springer Monographs in Mathematics, 445–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04631-5_13.

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2

Korb, Judith. "Termite Mound Architecture, from Function to Construction." In Biology of Termites: a Modern Synthesis, 349–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3977-4_13.

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3

Zachariah, Nikita, Ramesh K. Kandasami, Aritra Das, Tejas G. Murthy, and Renee M. Borges. "Strength and Cementation in a Termite Mound." In Earthen Dwellings and Structures, 131–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5883-8_12.

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4

Crossley, R. "Fossil Termite Mounds Associated with Stone Artefacts in Malawi, Central Africa." In Palaeoecology of Africa, 397–401. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203744512-35.

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5

Claggett, N., A. Surovek, B. Streeter, S. Nam, P. Bardunias, and B. Cetin. "Biomimicry and locally responsive construction: Lessons from termite mounds for structural sustainability." In Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 827–32. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315641645-136.

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6

Pelto, Mauri. "Terminus Response to Climate Change." In Climate Driven Retreat of Mount Baker Glaciers and Changing Water Resources, 13–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22605-7_2.

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7

Guswenrivo, Ikhsan, Hideyuki Nagao, and Chow Yang Lee. "The Diversity of Soil Fungus in and Around Termite Mounds of Globitermes sulphureus (Haviland) (Blattodea: Termitidae) and Response of Subterranean Termite to Fungi." In Sustainable Future for Human Security, 37–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5430-3_4.

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8

Walters, Dale. "Going Underground." In Chocolate Crisis, 131–37. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401674.003.0012.

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Termites are important soil engineers, responsible for decomposing organic matter, recycling nutrients, and creating habitats for other organisms. But some species cause damage, including several genera that attack cacao trees. These include termites belonging to the genera Macrotermes, Nasutitermes, Microcerotermes, Ancistrotermes, and Coptotermes. Some are mound-builders, while others construct carton nests of faeces and wood on tree trunks, or small dome-shaped mounds on trees. Twenty years ago, the termite Macrotermes bellicosus was not thought to damage cacao, but today, it is considered a major pest of the crop, responsible for significant damage to seedlings and even mature trees. This chapter examines termite biology and looks at how they damage cacao trees and what can be done to manage the problem.
9

Lovegrove, A. G. "Mirna-like mounds (heuweltjies) of South Africa: the topographical, ecological and economic impact of burrowing animals." In The Environmental Impact of Burrowing Animals and Animal Burrows, 184–98. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198546801.003.0011.

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Abstract Mima-like mounds (heuweltjies) are circular (c.30 m diameter), raised(&lt; 2 m high) earth mounds, found over extensive regions of the western Cape Province, South Africa. Popular hypotheses attribute their origin to the burrowing activities of termites, Microhodotermes viator, and mole rats (Bathyergidae). These animals account for the higher nutrient status, water-holding capacity, organic content and pH and the finer soil structure of the mound soils, compared with adjacent intermound soils. These soil parameters determine the distinctive floristic composition of heuweltjie vegetation assemblages. The existence of the mounds profoundly increases local beta and gamma plant species diversity. It is emphasized that, in agricultural regions, the higher fertility of the mounds may be of significant economic importance. Minimum objectives are proposed for a multi-disciplinary scientific approach to ascertain the extent of energy flow through heuweltjies, to elucidate the important topographical, ecological and economic impact of these two burrowing animals on this ecologically sensitive region of South Africa, and to propose serious consideration of appropriate conservation status for representative mounds.
10

Aanen, Duur K., and Jacobus J. Boomsma. "Evolutionary Dynamics of the Mutualistic Symbiosis between Fungus-Growing Termites and Termitomyces Fungi." In Insect-Fungal Associations Ecology and Evolution, 191–210. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195166521.003.0008.

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Abstract Colonies offungus-growing termites (Isoptera: Termitidae) are among the most spectacular organismal phenomena in the world. One of the best-known species offungus-growing termites is Macrotermes bellicosus. A queen of this species (fig. 8.1) can lay up to 40,000 eggs per day, and a mature colony, normally founded by a single queen and king, consists of millions of sterile individuals, the workers and soldiers. Macrotennes bellicosus builds mounds that can be up to 7 m tall (fig. 8.2; Korb 1997). This species and all fungus-growing termites live in an obligate symbiosis with basidiomycete fungi of the genus Tennitomyces. The volume of the fungus garden of a live colony of M. bellicosus has been estimated to encompass several cubic meters. This chapter summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the major macroevolutionary developments that have shaped the symbiosis between the fungus-growing termites and their fungal symbionts and places these changes in an ecological context.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Termites mounds":

1

AlShuhail, Khalid, Abdelsalam Aldawoud, and Syarif Junaidi. "Termite as Biomimicry Solution for Enhancing Building Envelope: A Comparative Model Case Study in the UAE." In International Symposium on Engineering and Business Administration. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-srt4zz.

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The building envelope is considered the boundary in which a building interacts with the surrounding environment. This paper aims to enhance building envelope design by biomimicry of the termite mound shape for reducing the energy demand as well as maintaining comfortable indoor temperatures. In this paper, two models with the same internal dimensions, cross-sectional area, and block material were constructed. The first model is a regular block model (RB) that represents a typical house construction. The second model (TM) development including the form and the envelope design is inspired by the termite mounds. The building model used the same principles of ventilation and thermoregulation in the same way as termite responds to extremely hot and humid conditions. Infrared thermography (IR) was carried out to measure the thermal performance of building envelopes throughout a full year. The influence of the termite model on the thermal properties such as the Decrement Factor (DF), Temperature Difference Ratio (TDR), and Time lag (Tlg) was investigated. The results suggest that the termite model (TM) can accumulate time lag for up to three hours on average. Investigation results indicated that the termite model improved for thermal repletion, unlike the regular model. The termite model absorbed more heat while the regular block model (RB) was thermally reflective.
2

Weber, Vanessa Ap de Moraes, Fabricio De Lima Weber, Edilson Silveira, Gilberto Luciano de Oliveira, Marcelo Folhes, Michel Constantino, and Hemerson Pistori. "Determination of number of termite mounds supported by computational vision." In XV Workshop de Visão Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wvc.2019.7633.

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The determination of the number of termite mounds in a pasture area is a factor that can determine the stage of degradation of the same. The termite count work has been done manually which becomes costly. Our work aims to present a comparison of image filtering techniques and the best time to collect aerial images with UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) in order to count the number of termite mounds by means of computer vision. Comparisons were made between the number of mounds counted in the image by a specialist with the number of mounds in the image after being submitted to computer vision techniques. It was identified that height is the main variable and that of the five techniques used, Gaussian and Bilateral presented the best results.
3

Bayat, Ali, Sebastian Oberst, and Joseph C. S. Lai. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF HEAT TRANSFER IN TERMITE MOUNDS." In International Heat Transfer Conference 17. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc17.210-380.

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4

Werfel, Justin. "Data-driven modeling of construction behavior in mound-building termites." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.95047.

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5

Guo, Hao, Kurt J. Marfurt, and Jiang Shu. "Map complex fracture systems as termite mounds ‐ A fast marching approach." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3255034.

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6

Sales, Juan, Jose Marcato Junior, Henrique Siqueira, Mauricio De Souza, Edson Matsubara, and Wesley Nunes Goncalves. "Retinanet Deep Learning-Based Approach to Detect Termite Mounds in Eucalyptus Forests." In IGARSS 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9555177.

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7

Sim, Sunhui, and Dongha Lee. "Object-Based Feature Extraction of Google Earth Imagery for Mapping Termite Mounds in Amazon's Savannas." In International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-1-g003.

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8

Esa, Mohammad Faris Mohammad, Faszly Rahim, Ibrahim Haji Hassan, and Sharina Abu Hanifah. "Characterization of magnetic material in the mound-building termite Macrotermes gilvus in Southeast Asia." In THE 2015 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2015 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4931316.

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9

Singh, Sudhir. "Termitoloemus marshalli (Diptera: Calliphoridae), a potential biocontrol agent of mound building termites,Odontotermesspp (Isoptera: Termitidae) in India." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108252.

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10

Turay, Braima Sinneh, Allieu Mohamed Bah, Denis Magnus Ken Amara, Vandi Ibrahim Kallon, and Sheku Alfred Kanu. "Germination, Growth and Yield Responses of Eggplant and Okra Grown on Anthill and Termite Mound Soils." In IECHo 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecho2022-12496.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Termites mounds":

1

S.S., Lima, Ceddia M.B., Zuchello F., de Aquino A.M., Mercante F.M., Alves B.J.R., Urquiaga S., Martius C., and Boddey R.M. Spatial variability and vitality of epigeous termite mounds in pastures of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/005548.

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2

Caroline Jones, Caroline Jones. Friends and food...how does an artificial termite mound affect the social behavior of gorilla groups? Experiment, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/9947.

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