Дисертації з теми "TEORIA GENERALE DEL DIRITTO"
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PARRAVICINI, SIMONE. "L'OGGETTO DEL GIUDIZIO NELLA TEORIA GENERALE DEL PROCESSO: IL FRAZIONAMENTO DELLA DOMANDA GIUDIZIALE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/96572.
Повний текст джерелаDoctoral thesis intended to examine the topic - complex and always current - of the definition of the judgment’s object under the particular profile of the fractionability of judicial question, that is phenomenon for which the claim is proposed by asking the judge for a pronunciation on a quid that more or less safely, detaches what is described as subjective right. After the examination of the different jurisprudential pronunciations that have addressed the subject in question and of the main reconstructive lines proposed by judicial doctrine, it has highlighted how this request for protection although it may correspond to an interest of the claimant, however it clashes with the unavailable nature of the positive concept of the judgment’s object, or with the definition - made by positive judicial system - of what can be established in the course of the judgment. The non-subsumability of the object deducted by claim in case of judicial application parting in the positive concept of the object of the judgment therefore allows to censorate the phenomenon of parcellization of jurisdictional protection.
PARRAVICINI, SIMONE. "L'OGGETTO DEL GIUDIZIO NELLA TEORIA GENERALE DEL PROCESSO: IL FRAZIONAMENTO DELLA DOMANDA GIUDIZIALE." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/96572.
Повний текст джерелаDoctoral thesis intended to examine the topic - complex and always current - of the definition of the judgment’s object under the particular profile of the fractionability of judicial question, that is phenomenon for which the claim is proposed by asking the judge for a pronunciation on a quid that more or less safely, detaches what is described as subjective right. After the examination of the different jurisprudential pronunciations that have addressed the subject in question and of the main reconstructive lines proposed by judicial doctrine, it has highlighted how this request for protection although it may correspond to an interest of the claimant, however it clashes with the unavailable nature of the positive concept of the judgment’s object, or with the definition - made by positive judicial system - of what can be established in the course of the judgment. The non-subsumability of the object deducted by claim in case of judicial application parting in the positive concept of the object of the judgment therefore allows to censorate the phenomenon of parcellization of jurisdictional protection.
Todesco, Sara. "Per una ricostruzione teorico-generale del concetto di abuso del diritto." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425178.
Повний текст джерелаBERNARDONI, ROSITA. "L'istituto del recesso nella teoria generale del contratto e nella legislazione di tutela del consumatore." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/698.
Повний текст джерелаThe progressive spreading and achievement of [the so called] consumer rights – introduced in the mid Eighty in the Italian legal system thanks to implementation of some European directives - seems to extremely affect basic law knowledge of contract and binding effectiveness of acceptance fixed in art. 1372 c.c., producing the definitive crisis of one of the basic contract law principles. Main legal instrument of protection of consumers’ interests is withdrawal right, in way completely different from what provided for art. 1373 c.c. It’s a method of protection of consumers from unfair trading without distort the speed and the security of the commercial practice. Withdrawal right features: 1) acknowledgment always in behalf of one contracting party: the consumer 2) short expiry date 3) reference also to general contract proposal 4) it’s cost-free 5) its practice is unreserved, unconstrained and discretionary 6) it cannot be renounced 7) its efficiency also in real contracts In the withdrawal right, better in the ius poenitendi, as usually defined, the condition of presumed consumers weakness is the way to free from a mislead action.
SPRICIGO, BIANCAMARIA. "La "riflessione critica" sull'illecito commesso alla luce dei principi costituzionali e della teoria generale del reato: problemi e prospettive." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1797.
Повний текст джерелаThe dissertation examines how offenders deal with “critical rethinking” on their crimes. According to art. 27 d.P.R. 30 June 2000, n. 230, it consists in a dialogical reflection on the wrongdoings they committed, their motivations, the consequences that follow on for the offenders themselves, and the possible reparations during the post-sentencing phase. The study is divided into five chapters. The first chapter focuses on the research for a constitutional basis of the “critical rethinking” and for a renewed understanding of the “finalismo rieducativo” (equivalent to the rehabilitative goal). The second chapter highlights the points of intersection between the “critical rethinking” and the “general theory of crime”. The third chapter summarizes the obstacles and the operative problems that hamper the implementation of this dialogical reflection and describes hints for a possible reform of the criminal justice system, particularly with regard to the post-sentencing phase. The fourth chapter proposes an in-depth analysis of some of the basic key-concepts for the introduction of a dialogical-restorative model of justice. Finally, the fifth chapter investigates the relationship between “rehabilitation” and “restorative justice” and takes into consideration a justice model that is inspired by “responsivity” [John Braithwaite] and “restorative justice dialogue” [Mark S. Umbreit]. By means of that, the study aims at providing a framework for an active assumption of responsibility in a more dialogical and inclusive culture.
SPRICIGO, BIANCAMARIA. "La "riflessione critica" sull'illecito commesso alla luce dei principi costituzionali e della teoria generale del reato: problemi e prospettive." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1797.
Повний текст джерелаThe dissertation examines how offenders deal with “critical rethinking” on their crimes. According to art. 27 d.P.R. 30 June 2000, n. 230, it consists in a dialogical reflection on the wrongdoings they committed, their motivations, the consequences that follow on for the offenders themselves, and the possible reparations during the post-sentencing phase. The study is divided into five chapters. The first chapter focuses on the research for a constitutional basis of the “critical rethinking” and for a renewed understanding of the “finalismo rieducativo” (equivalent to the rehabilitative goal). The second chapter highlights the points of intersection between the “critical rethinking” and the “general theory of crime”. The third chapter summarizes the obstacles and the operative problems that hamper the implementation of this dialogical reflection and describes hints for a possible reform of the criminal justice system, particularly with regard to the post-sentencing phase. The fourth chapter proposes an in-depth analysis of some of the basic key-concepts for the introduction of a dialogical-restorative model of justice. Finally, the fifth chapter investigates the relationship between “rehabilitation” and “restorative justice” and takes into consideration a justice model that is inspired by “responsivity” [John Braithwaite] and “restorative justice dialogue” [Mark S. Umbreit]. By means of that, the study aims at providing a framework for an active assumption of responsibility in a more dialogical and inclusive culture.
RUSSETTI, DANIELE. "Abuso del diritto: principio interpretativo o categoria generale del diritto dell'unione europea." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/41955.
Повний текст джерелаFLORIAN, STEFANIA. "Il diniego di provvedimento e teoria generale dell'azione amministrativa." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2403422.
Повний текст джерелаWhat is going to be investigted is the legal nature of the explicit refusal of the administrative measure required by a private person. In particular, what is being studied in depth is which possible legal consequences are produced by a refusal, furthermore whether it can be considered a real legal transaction, according to general theory. In the first chapter the traditional reconstruction is analized, which points out how the refusal of a measure in favour, being the expression of a precise will, is to be considered a real legal transaction, consequently, because of this, it can be impugned by the citizen and repealed by the competent bodies if illegitimate. The legal transaction, according to common concept, is first of all a kind of dynamic legal paradigm, that is a modifying element of the pre-existing legal reality. Yet, to bring back into this category the simple expression of a negative will, one should first single out the legal effect/effects, in which the dinamics value should be manifested; this is being dealt with in the second chapter. Therefore, it is noted that, in the common description of the way of performing of the negative verdict, it is implicit the idea that the point of incidence of its effect is the very situation which would be favourably modified by the positive measure. In truth, the cause of the prejudice suffered from the private person is not the refusal per se but the omitted issue of the expected measure, that is not getting an advantage which is identical in its consistency and significance both in the case of a refusal and of mere inertia. Given that the same entry words are used in different ways by several authors and it would not be possible to reconstruct the refusal of measure straightforwardly without sure terminological basis, it is believed to be useful a precise classification of the subjective legal figures to be accepted without claiming to examine all the reconstructions to limit one compared to the other but tryong to highlight how, taking them into consieration, one cannot but consider the phenomenon of the legal production. The third, and last, chapter is devoted to the study of some profiles of legal guardianship because, linked to the problem of the legal nature of the refusal of measure one must define the real nature, constitutive or mere investigation, of the verdict on the ground of the claim taken to trial which, according to art. 34, paragraph 1, letter c, last sentence of the law July 2nd 2010, n. 104, is granted both in the case of silence and of expressed refusal.
Carlo, Antonino <1967>. "Il Segretariato Generale della Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/745/1/Tesi_Carlo_Antonino.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCarlo, Antonino <1967>. "Il Segretariato Generale della Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/745/.
Повний текст джерелаPOTESTIO, Andrea (ORCID:0000-0003-1401-1678). "Educazione naturale e teoria del supplemento nell’Émile di Rousseau." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/26732.
Повний текст джерелаJIA, WANTING. "La teoria del possesso nel diritto romano e italiano: alcune riflessioni sulle relative norme nel diritto cinese." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1395.
Повний текст джерелаThe possession is a very important system in the roman law. It not only has passed trough almost the whole historic evolution of the roman law(from the XII Tavole to the codification of Giustiniano), but also has played a very important part in the formation of the system of the ownership and other rights of property in the roman law. Because of its particular position, many outstanding roman jurisconsult, suche as Labeone, Nerva, Paolo, Ulpiano, etc, have left many important works on this subject. And the results achieved by the modern jurists are numerous. However, in the research of giurisprudence and in the legislation of China it lacks detailed works and profound and comprehensive thoughts. This thesis started from the original works of the roman jurisconsults, with the reference of the positive results of the modern Romanists, giving a more o less comprehensive introduction of the roman theory of the possession. In the second part, it concerns the system of the possession in the modern Italian law, emphasizing the influence of the theory of the possession in the roman law. The last part of this thesis is about the system of the possession in the Chinese law. Although it is established in the Chinese law, with regard to its specific contents, it is obvious that there are many places to complete and consummate. In the future process of the improvement of the Chinese law, an excellent juristic tradition, like the roman law, and a mature system of legislation, like Italian legislation, could be very useful. In fact, this is the primary aim and the potential value of our study.
Nigro, Carmelo. "Le realtà del diritto. Istituzioni, spazi e forme della normatività." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2018. http://elea.unisa.it:8080/xmlui/handle/10556/4290.
Повний текст джерелаThe present work aims at reweigh those juridical categories which have been the modern-day object of formative discourses in so far as it acknowledges the current metamorphoses in the realm of political, social and institutional constructions. As a matter of fact, the wide spreading perception of a leap of paradigms in the fixed order and the sequence of ongoing transformations have influenced the contemporary times in such a way as to label these the «liquid modernity». Moreover, far from becoming an exception of this systematic liquidity, today the law is one of the social phenomena with the widest fields of applicability. This is due to its very nature - the deep bond with the social life it should define- that shapes it in response to the social variations. Therefore, today more than ever the comprehension of the very nature of law would mean understanding its progressive shape-shifting features. Such premises ushers the modes of operation- movements rather than positions, the leaps rather than the continuity- on which this work is based. After having briefly traced the main phases of the modern experience, the first chapter rejoins the current historical and political experience and emphasizes its adaptations on a more theoretical level. Clearly, in regard of such study, one of the most interesting theory, among the many advanced in the recent years, is that of Saskia Sassen. Indeed, she applies the three- element-paradigm -territory, authority, rights- as the lamp of her analytical discourse. She claims that as long as their capacity are completely developed in a-some-sort-of heterogeneity, the historical transformations would be but assembling and disassembling the three mentioned elements. Specifically, in reference to the advancement from the national to the global assemblage, the sovereignty itself would developed certain capacity that are the fundamental key in the process of denationalization, as well as in the consequent coexistence of new scales over that of the Modern State. Thereafter the author emphasizes the extended role of the metropolises in mapping political, economic and social geographie... [edited by Author]
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BOVA, Roberta (ORCID:0000-0002-2240-4626). "Vulnerabilità e Riconoscimento. Il diritto alla salute e all‟abitazione come terreni di prova del legame sociale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/30376.
Повний текст джерелаSERRANI, Lavinia. "Problemi e prospettive del telelavoro tra teoria e prassi." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/30692.
Повний текст джерелаCaeran, Mirco <1991>. "Autonomia privata e crisi coniugale : un’indagine alla luce della teoria dei contratti relazionali e dell’analisi economica del diritto." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19516.
Повний текст джерелаFeis, G. "IMPOSSIBILITÀ NEL DIRITTO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/230548.
Повний текст джерелаCrucil, A. "ALLOCAZIONE NON PROPORZIONALE DEL DIRITTO DI VOTO E MASSIMIZZAZIONE DEL VALORE DELLA SOCIETÀ: TEORIA E PRASSI DELLE DUAL CLASS SHARES STATUNITENSI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/349464.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis analyses the determinants and effects on firm value of listed companies of a dual class share structure, made of two classes of shares with different voting power. Part I examines the theoretical and empirical studies concerning dual class companies in the United States; Part II focuses on a selected group of companies, the publishing companies, to verify whether in this sector dual class structures help safeguard the editorial integrity of newspapers, protecting them from the market pressure to maximize profits.
LORENZON, Sara. "TEORIA DEGLI EFFETTI DIRETTI E APPLICAZIONE DEL DIRITTO L’efficacia delle norme ce self-executing nell’interpretazione della Corte di giustizia e del giudice interno." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388683.
Повний текст джерелаArgine, S. "TEORIA E PRATICA DEL DIRITTO A CONFRONTO. FILIPPO AMBROSOLI E LA PENALISTICA ITALIANA FRA RISORGIMENTO E UNITA'." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/229461.
Повний текст джерелаFerraro, Raffaella <1997>. "Donna e immigrata: il diritto alla salute tra vulnerabilità e accesso ai servizi. Una ricerca qualitativa tra i Consultori Familiari del Distretto 4 dell'Aulss 9 Scaligera." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/20535.
Повний текст джерелаLARATTA, TIZIANA. "Il lavoro a termine nell'impiego privato e pubblico. Elementi per una teoria della clausola di durata." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/7971.
Повний текст джерелаMARICOSU, MARIA FRANCESCA. "Il diritto amministrativo e l’amministrazione digitale: l’evoluzione del decreto legislativo 7 marzo 2005 n. 82 dalla teoria alla pratica." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266122.
Повний текст джерелаBARUTTI, Sarah. "Servizi, Solidarietà e Mercato in Europa." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388737.
Повний текст джерелаRovani, A. "A Teoria Discursiva o Debate da Judicializaçao da Saùde No Brasil - Uma anàlise sobre a questao dos medicamentos." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/365787.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aims to analyze the phenomenon of judicialization of public policy in the Brazilian Democratic Rule of Law through the analysis of court cases in which people ask for free medicines from State. The study begins by the presentation of theme, occasion in which we demonstrate the great number of court cases asking for free medicines in Brazilian Courts in the last decade. The right to health is the central theme of this research and it is defined as a social fundamental right which can be carried out even by individual process as well as colective one. The protection of the health right depends on the State social agreement. Then, in order to understand the Brazilian State structure it is necessary to examine the idea of State in the 1988 Constituion. In this sense, we analysed the judicialization of politics based on the principle of separation of powers. We argue that the judicialization phenomenon is a consequence of the lack of democratic measures. We propose that the way to minimize this problem is in the development of participation measures which could promote the individual contribution for shaping the rules that govern its own life and determine their autonomy. Through the literature review presented, we analyze the Judiciary control over public policies, which are an Executive liability. The public health protection, as fundamental right, requires from the State positive benefits established by public policies. The non-fulfillment of this requirement leads to the legal interference of the Judiciary Power in the State’s public policy as its constitutional duty. Concerning to this, we analyze the social character of the need for drugs and the social costs of the State’s omission. In this study we analyze empirically the cases judged by the Brazilian Supreme Court between the years 2000-2012 and by the Regional Court of the Rio Grande do Sul State between 01/01/2000 a 01/01/2013.
MERCURI, Giuseppe. "Il principio di proporzionalità. Dall’esperienza giuridica europea alla rilevanza costituzionale nell’ambito del diritto tributario." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/181519.
Повний текст джерелаPozziani, Fancesco. "Il problema della funzione promozionale nella prospettiva della teoria del diritto naturale vigente: il passaggio dallo stato "garantista" allo stato "dirigista"." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423681.
Повний текст джерелаLa presente ricerca è finalizzata a vagliare la natura ed il fondamento giuridico del concetto di sanzione positiva, in uno con la più generale teoria della funzione promozionale del diritto. L’elaborato si articola in due parti. La prima parte è dedicata all’evoluzione del concetto di diritto premiale a partire dalla teorizzazione dello Stato moderno. In particolare viene analizzato il pensiero di due autori tra loro contemporanei che hanno affrontato il tema della premialità giungendo a conclusioni diametralmente opposte: Thomas Hobbes e Richard Cumberland. Il primo considera la sanzione giuridica in accezione esclusivamente negativa pur ammettendo l’elargizione di premi a mera discrezione del Sovrano; il secondo afferma, al contrario, la necessaria prevalenza del premio sulla pena, fondando tale assunto sulla asserita natura benevola dell’uomo. La seconda parte del lavoro è dedicata all’analisi del concetto di funzione promozionale del diritto, diretta derivazione della premialità giuridica, prendendo le mosse dalle considerazioni formulate sul punto da Norberto Bobbio e Hans Kelsen. Nel contemporaneo contesto di crisi radicale del diritto, considerato ormai un mero epifenomeno dello sviluppo sociale, si assiste da parte del legislatore alla riscoperta del diritto promozionale, espressione del funzionalismo giuridico: il diritto, da mezzo di controllo sociale, si trasforma in mezzo di direzione sociale di cui lo Stato si serve per raggiungere i propri obiettivi, non preoccupandosi dei consociati ma esclusivamente delle loro azioni e del risultato che le stesse producono nell’ambito dell’ordinamento. Emerge, quindi, una criticità di non poco momento: con l’avvento dello Stato dirigista, il diritto inteso nella sua funzione promozionale rischia, infatti, di trasformarsi in uno strumento di manipolazione e coercizione dei cittadini. Nel tentativo di superare tale criticità, si è cercato di dimostrare come la promozionalità giuridica, se correttamente intesa, disveli anche un volto umanizzante. A tal fine si è fatto ricorso alla teoria del diritto naturale vigente proposta da Sergio Cotta. Lo studio del pensiero di questo autore consente di avere un approccio al concetto di diritto e alla reale natura di quest'ultimo, inteso come la traduzione in termini giuridici della natura relazionale dell'uomo, ristabilendo l’imprescindibile legame tra l’essere dell’uomo e il diritto. In conclusione, sulla base del confronto fra le due dottrine, la teoria funzionalistica e quella del diritto naturale vigente, si è cercato di comprendere se la norma vada considerata quale strumento funzionale ad un risultato ed in vista di ciò risulti liberamente manipolabile, ovvero se il diritto abbia come traguardo dei valori che vanno oltre il risultato funzionale, e che devono essere rapportati alla natura dell’uomo, destinatario ultimo e referente primo della norma giuridica.
Carullo, G. "IL CONDIZIONAMENTO DEL DIRITTO EUROPEO SULL¿ORGANIZZAZIONE PUBBLICA DEI SERVIZI ECONOMICI. STUDIO SUI LIMITI DERIVANTI DAL DIRITTO DELL¿UNIONE EUROPEA ALLA DISCREZIONALITÀ ORGANIZZATIVA, TRA AUTOPRODUZIONE ED ESTERNALIZZAZIONE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/258171.
Повний текст джерелаGatti, Stefano [Verfasser], Stefano [Akademischer Betreuer] Troiano, and Anatol [Akademischer Betreuer] Dutta. "I rimedi civilistici all’illecito “lucrativo” - Un’analisi del diritto privato italiano, speciale e generale, alla luce dell’esperienza tedesca e dell’armonizzazione europea / Stefano Gatti ; Stefano Troiano, Anatol Dutta." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225121485/34.
Повний текст джерелаMostardi, Feliciano. "L'apprendistato: profili formativi e giuridici." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/105263.
Повний текст джерелаTomiola, Chiara. "Il cumulo tra rapporto di amministrazione e rapporto di lavoro." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427076.
Повний текст джерелаLa ricerca nasce dall'osservazione della frequenza con cui, nella prassi delle società e al di fuori di una disciplina legislativa, lo stesso soggetto si presenta come amministratore e lavoratore subordinato della stessa società amministrata. Attraverso l'esame della giurisprudenza, si sono messe in luce le difficoltà di tenuta pratica del principio dell'astratta cumulabilità dei due rapporti, dovute alla confusione che si riscontra in concreto tra compiti e responsabilità e all'impossibilità di distinguere una sfera nella quale l'amministratore risulti soggetto all'esercizio di un potere direttivo. L'artificiosità della separazione risulta confermata anche sotto il profilo dinamico, alla luce dell'incidenza reciproca delle vicende che interessano i due rapporti, difficile da giustificare sul piano giuridico. La problematica è stata contestualizzata nelle varie forme societarie e attualizzata alla luce delle novità legislative. Riveste in tale contesto un particolare interesse l'esame del fenomeno del cumulo dei rapporti nei gruppi di società, dove interviene un soggetto terzo rispetto alla società amministrata, datore di lavoro dell'amministratore stesso. La ricerca si concentra quindi sull'art. 2396 c.c., relativo al direttore generale, che offre interessanti spunti di riflessione in ordine alla concorrenza dei rapporti, a maggior ragione dopo la riforma del 2003. Infine, preso atto dei limiti di operatività del principio del cumulo, si affrontano gli aspetti, anche processuali, relativi alla qualificazione del rapporto di amministrazione.
KARAYOTOVA, MARIYA. "Università Carding: apprendimento del carding nei forum darkweb." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/70548.
Повний текст джерелаThe increased use of online payments and banking have turned financial institutions and their products into cybercriminals’ main target. Cryptomarkets and their forums facilitate both the sale of personal financial data and fraud of financial institutions and their customers. At the same time, carding is a crime that requires the acquisition of a certain level of skills to be perpetrated. Many darknet forums have turned into platforms where users can exchange knowledge on efficient methods to carry out the online fraud. The current study aimed to determine the significance of social learning theory in explaining carding offending. It tried to examine the mediating role of online platforms in the social learning process. To achieve these objectives the study relied on a mixed-method approach, including a content analysis of a forum content and an online survey. The results provided support for the influence of social learning theory elements on the probability of involvement in carding activities. The presence of favourable definitions and differential reinforcement seemed to have the strongest effect on the crime. Unlike real-world social ties, online associations and the online imitation of models influenced perpetration of carding offences.
Pena, Ana Maria Moliterno. "Microssistema: o problema do sistema no polissistema." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/7665.
Повний текст джерелаQuesto saggio ha buscato la ricerca del micro-sistema, come modello teorico del diritto, com foco nella sua caratteristica come sistema. Da principio, ha cercato di incamerare la figura del micro-sistema giuridico, nella origine della sua inserzione nella teoria del diritto, nella opera L´etá della decodificazione di Natalino Irti. Per questo, ha trattato di problemi del conoscimento, della scienza e della teoria, eppure della sua applicazione al diritto, da speciale al diritto dell´Era Moderna. Nella sequenza, ha tratto alla riflessione la idea di sistema, eppure la sua applicazione alla scienza del diritto. Nel contesto, ha sommeso la figura del micro-sistema al´analisi alla luce del concetto di sistema della tradizione della scienza giuridica. E, anche, ha tratto tre nuove concezione di sistema, dalle opere di Gilles Deleuze e Feliz Guattari, Giorgio Agamben e Edgard Morin, promuovendo, dopo, la sua approccio con la figura del micro-sistema. Al finale, ha cercato di esplorare la inserzione di questi nuovi concetti di sistema dentro dell´ambiente del diritto
Esta dissertação objetivou o estudo do microssistema jurídico, como modelo teórico do direito, com foco na sua definição como sistema. Inicialmente, procurou apreender a figura do microssistema jurídico, na origem de sua inserção na teoria do direito, na obra L´etá della decodificazione de Natalino Irti. Para isso, abordou questões relativas ao conhecimento, à ciência e à teoria, bem como sua aplicação ao direito, notadamente o direito da Época Moderna. Na seqüência, trouxe à reflexão a idéia de sistema, bem como sua aplicação à ciência do direito. Nesse contexto, submeteu a figura do microssistema à análise à luz do conceito de sistema tradicionalmente manejado pela ciência jurídica. E trouxe, ainda, três diferentes concepções de sistema elaboradas, contemporaneamente, por Gilles Deleuze e Feliz Guattari, Giorgio Agamben e Edgard Morin, promovendo, após, sua aproximação com a figura do microssistema. Finalmente, buscou explorar a inserção desses novos conceitos de sistema no ambiente do direito
GRECO, MARCO. "Il costo del diniego. Diritto, religione e sistema sanitario nell'esperienza americana tra giurisprudenza e dottrina." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/865.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the complex relationship between law, religion and the sanitary system in the U.S. setting, by focusing on the problems emerging from the religious view of the patient, of the care provider and the religious orientation of the hospital or HMO. The first section of the work aims to study, from a legal point of view, the evolution of the relationship “medicine-religion”, and focuses on two case studies: native Americans and Christian science. In the second section the essential interpretative streamlines about the first amendment are presented, through a deep analysis of the Free Exercise Clause and of the Establishment Clause. At the same time, the American (U.S.) sanitary system is deeply studied both in the private sector and the public one. The research then focuses on a detailed analysis of the jurisprudence related to the care provider and the care receiver, while a specific section is dedicated to the litigation concerning pediatric patients and the related litigation cases. The last part develops two different subjects: the relationship between science and law, and the role of economy. This last subject is deeply analyzed under two different points of view: the economic impact of the religious freedom on the “sanitary system” on the one hand; and the influence of the economic data on the development of religious freedom in the health care system setting on the other.
GRECO, MARCO. "Il costo del diniego. Diritto, religione e sistema sanitario nell'esperienza americana tra giurisprudenza e dottrina." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/865.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with the complex relationship between law, religion and the sanitary system in the U.S. setting, by focusing on the problems emerging from the religious view of the patient, of the care provider and the religious orientation of the hospital or HMO. The first section of the work aims to study, from a legal point of view, the evolution of the relationship “medicine-religion”, and focuses on two case studies: native Americans and Christian science. In the second section the essential interpretative streamlines about the first amendment are presented, through a deep analysis of the Free Exercise Clause and of the Establishment Clause. At the same time, the American (U.S.) sanitary system is deeply studied both in the private sector and the public one. The research then focuses on a detailed analysis of the jurisprudence related to the care provider and the care receiver, while a specific section is dedicated to the litigation concerning pediatric patients and the related litigation cases. The last part develops two different subjects: the relationship between science and law, and the role of economy. This last subject is deeply analyzed under two different points of view: the economic impact of the religious freedom on the “sanitary system” on the one hand; and the influence of the economic data on the development of religious freedom in the health care system setting on the other.
GRASSI, MICHELE. "LA TEORIA DELLA RES JUDICATA NELL'ARBITRATO COMMERCIALE INTERNAZIONALE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/610259.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to explore the functioning of the res judicata doctrine in international commercial arbitration. The notion of res judicata refers to the final and binding nature of decisions rendered at the end of judicial proceedings and, as such, is an essential feature of every dispute resolution system, both at a domestic and at an international level. The role played by the doctrine of res judicata depends on a balance between conflicting values, such as the principle of procedural economy and efficiency on the one side, and the principle of due process, with specific regard to the parties’ rights to present their case and to be heard, on the other side. The definition of the scope and the effects of res judicata, therefore, raises complex issues, and the solution to these issues varies considerably between national legal systems. The differences between domestic laws are relevant also from a transnational perspective. If a challenge of res judicata is raised with respect to a foreign judgment, the judge has to determine whether to accept the original effects that the decision would have in the State in which it was rendered or to equalize the effects of the foreign judgment with the effects that are usually recognized to domestic decisions. Where a challenge of res judicata is raised before an international commercial arbitral tribunal, the lack of certainties concerning the application of conflict rules breeds even more complexities. Those authorities that represent international arbitration as an autonomous legal order suggest the adoption of a transnational approach to res judicata and recommend the development of a set of substantive transnational rules. Conversely, those who consider that the arbitral tribunal is strictly bound to the legal order of the seat of the procedure, suggest the application of a conflict of law rule, in order to identify the applicable domestic rules of res judicata. Both approaches, for different reasons, are not satisfactory. This dissertation suggests the adoption of a more pragmatic approach in the identification of the scope and the effects of res judicata in international commercial arbitration. To this purpose challenges of res judicata that raise issues of jurisdiction shall be clearly differentiated from challenges of res judicata that raise admissibility issues. Whenever issues of jurisdiction underpin a challenge of res judicata, the arbitral tribunal should adopt an approach coherent with the rules of the State of the seat. As a matter of fact, a violation of those rules could result in the annulment or the refusal of recognition of the award. Whenever issues of admissibility underpin a challenge of res judicata, as a rule the arbitral tribunal should apply the rules of the State of the seat and, specifically, the conflict of laws rules of the seat that regulate the recognition of foreign decisions. However, if the transnational nature of the arbitration is quite pronounced, and the procedure is not closely connected with any domestic legal systems, the arbitral tribunal might apply a «more transnational» approach. In any event, this approach shall not lead to the application of substantive transnational rules, but rather to the recognition of the original effects of the decisions invoked in the proceedings, except where the recognition of such effects violates the procedural public policy of the State of the seat.
GARCIA, YZAGUIRRE JOSE VICTOR DAVID. "Exceptuando.Teorías sobre la derrotabilidad en la teoría del derecho." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1045430.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of the present investigation is to explain that when the law enforcers defeat a norm they may be carrying out one of these two operations: i) they modify the internal applicability of a norm (either by restrictive corrective reinterpretation of a provision or by becoming aware of more specifications of the individual case under analysis); or ii) they deprive a norm of its external applicability. Along with this proposal, I will argue that between the two types of understanding of defeasibility there is to some extent a common language that allows to express the way of presenting and solving the problems about which they theorize: the language of preferences. This is due to the fact that it enables the clarification of preference relations between possible meanings within an interpretation process and preference relations between norms as a means of resolving normative inconsistencies. To achieve this goal, I will conduct a conceptual analysis of the main theories of defeasibility, which is divided into five chapters. In the first chapter, I will conduct an analysis of the different meta-theoretical possibilities available in the literature to consider the different ways of presenting the concept of defeasibility in legal theory. I will also propose a classification based on the different meanings of the term "applicability". If we consider the difference between internal and external applicability, we can distinguish between theories of modification of internal applicability and actions that cause the loss of external applicability. The theories that conceptualize defeasibility as a modifying internal applicability I have called "theories of internal defeasibility". I include here those approaches that use this notion to consider some kind of action (performed by an executor of the law) of variation in the deontic status of a particular action performed under certain circumstances. There are two types of legal acts: (i) as a restrictive corrective reinterpretation by which, in the course of an interpretative process, the person applying the law decides to attribute to a provision a meaning which, by comparison, is less extensive than the prima facie meaning (which I call "normative internal challengeability"); or ii) as a variation of the available information on the content of the individual case analyzed, so that we initiall assume that an individual case is an instantiation of a norm, but after modifying our beliefs about its composition, we recognize what is not subsumed in the rule in question (what I call "factual internal contestability"). The theories that conceptualize defeasibility as the loss of external applicability I have called "theories of external defeasibility". I include here those approaches that use this term to explain the actions (performed by an executor) to solve a normative conflict. Within the framework of these theories, the cases are clarified in which a legal practitioner decides to create a criterion of preference between two norms, so that one of the two norms is no longer externally applicable (losing the obligation to use it to justify its institutional decision), without this implying a modification of its internal applicability or a modification of the description of the individual case. In the second chapter I will analyze the theories of countervailability proposed by the interpretation theory. I will argue that from this approach, defeasibility has been understood as a way of explaining what an enforcer of the law does when he decides to change the normative qualification of a type of individual case. To this end, all these approaches from different types of legal interpretation present the process of identifying a meaning of a provision, a negative assessment of that meaning because it does not contain a distinction that it should have contained, and the choice of another meaning that contains the distinction under consideration should be included. In short, they all intend to present a restrictive corrective reinterpretation process. In the third chapter I will analyze the theories of contestability proposed by the theory of the structure of norms. I will argue that, from this approach, defeasibility has been understood in two ways: i) as a way of describing the history of norms, taking into account the effects of incorporating new information into a decision-making process; and ii) as a way of understanding a kind of conditional norm where the history is composed of contributing conditions for consequence. In the fourth chapter I will analyze the theories of defeasibility proposed from the theory of normative conflicts. I will argue that from this approach, defeasibility was understood in two ways (complementary to each other): i) as a way to explain the outcome of a normative conflict in which an implicit norm overcomes an explicit norm; and ii) as a way of explaining the creation and effects of a preference relationship between two legal norms. Finally, in the fifth chapter, I will make a synthesis and balance of the analyzed theories of defeasibility in order to highlight which are their common and which are their divergent theses. This will allow me to argue that in legal theory we can distinguish between two types of understanding of defeasibility: on the one hand, those who have conceptualized this concept in order to account for a norm that is no longer relevant to the solution of the normative problem; and on the other hand, those who have conceptualized this concept in order to justify the loss of the duty of the law enforcer to use a norm that solves the normative problem when justifying his institutional decision.
El objetivo de la presente investigación es explicar que los aplicadores del derecho, al derrotar una norma, pueden estar realizando una de estas dos operaciones: i) modifican la aplicabilidad interna de una norma (sea por reinterpretación correctora restrictiva de una disposición o por tomar conocimiento de más especificaciones del caso individual analizado); o ii) despojan de aplicabilidad externa de una norma. Junto con dicha propuesta, voy a sostener que entre ambas formas de entender la derrotabilidad hay, en parte, un lenguaje común que permite expresar la forma de presentar y resolver los problemas sobre los que teorizan: el lenguaje de las preferencias. Ello se debe a que permite aclarar relaciones de preferencias entre significados posibles dentro de un proceso interpretativo, y relaciones de preferencia entre normas como forma de resolver inconsistencias normativas. Para alcanzar este objetivo voy a realizar un análisis conceptual de las principales teorías sobre la derrotabilidad organizado en cinco capítulos. En el primer capítulo realizaré un análisis de las diferentes posibilidades metateóricas disponibles en la literatura especializada para dar cuenta de las diversas formas de presentar la noción de derrotabilidad en la teoría del derecho. Asimismo, propondré una clasificación a partir de los diferentes sentidos del término «aplicabilidad». Si tomamos en cuenta la diferencia entre aplicabilidad interna y externa, entonces podemos diferenciar entre teorizaciones sobre la modificación de la aplicabilidad interna y actos que producen la pérdida de aplicabilidad externa. Las teorías que conceptualizan la derrotabilidad como la modificación de la aplicabilidad interna las he denominado «teorías de la derrotabilidad interna». Incluyo aquí a aquellas aproximaciones que emplean esta noción para dar cuenta de un tipo de actos (llevados a cabo por un aplicador del derecho) de variación del estatus deóntico de una determinada acción realizada en una determinada circunstancia. Estos actos pueden ser de dos tipos: i) como una reinterpretación correctora restrictiva por la cual el aplicador del derecho, dentro de un proceso interpretativo, decide atribuir a una disposición un significado todo considerado que posee, en comparación, un alcance más reducido que el ofrecido por el significado prima facie (a la que denomino «derrotabilidad interna normativa»); o ii) como una variación de la información disponible sobre el contenido del caso individual analizado, de manera que en un primer momento, asumimos que un caso individual es una instanciación de una norma, pero tras modificar nuestras creencias sobre su composición, nos damos cuenta que no se subsume en dicha norma (a la que denomino «derrotabilidad interna fáctica»). Las teorías que conceptualizan la derrotabilidad como la pérdida de aplicabilidad externa las he denominado «teorías de la derrotabilidad externa». Incluyo aquí a aquellas aproximaciones que emplean esta noción para dar cuenta de los actos (llevados a cabo por un aplicador del derecho) de resolución de un conflicto normativo. Bajo estas teorizaciones, se aclaran los casos en los cuales un aplicador del derecho decide crear un criterio de preferencia entre dos normas a efectos de que una de ellas deje de ser externamente aplicable (pierda el deber de usar en la justificación de su decisión institucional) sin que ello implique variar su aplicabilidad interna o modificar la descripción del caso individual. En el segundo capítulo analizaré las teorías sobre la derrotabilidad propuestas desde la teoría de la interpretación. Voy a sostener que la derrotabilidad, desde esta aproximación, ha sido entendida como una forma de explicar qué es lo que hace un aplicador del derecho al decidir cambiar la calificación normativa de un tipo de caso individual. Para ello, todas estas aproximaciones presentan, desde diversas formas de entender la interpretación jurídica, el proceso de identificar un significado de una disposición, una valoración negativa de dicho significado por no incluir una distinción que debería haber incluido, y elegir otro significado que sí incluye la distinción que se considera debería ser incluida. Dicho en breve: todas pretenden presentar un proceso reinterpretativo corrector restrictivo En el tercer capítulo analizaré las teorías sobre la derrotabilidad propuestas desde la teoría de la estructura de normas. Voy a sostener que la derrotabilidad, desde esta aproximación, ha sido entendida de dos maneras: i) como una forma de describir los antecedentes de las normas tomando en cuenta los efectos de la incorporación de nueva información dentro de un proceso de toma de decisiones; y ii) como una forma de entender un tipo de norma condicional, por el cual, el antecedente está compuesto por condiciones contribuyentes para el consecuente. En el cuarto capítulo analizaré las teorías sobre la derrotabilidad propuestas desde la teoría de los conflictos normativos. Voy a sostener que la derrotabilidad, desde esta aproximación, ha sido entendida de dos maneras (complementarias entre sí): i) como una forma de explicar el resultado de un conflicto normativo por el cual una norma implícita supera a una norma explícita; y ii) como una forma de explicar la creación y efectos de una relación de preferencia entre dos normas jurídicas. Finalmente, en el quinto capítulo realizaré una síntesis y balance de las teorías de la derrotabilidad analizadas para poner de relieve cuáles son sus tesis comunes y cuales son las divergentes. Ello me permitirá justificar que podemos diferenciar entre dos formas de entender la derrotabilidad en la teoría del derecho: por un lado, quienes han conceptualizado esta noción para dar cuenta de una norma que ha dejado de ser relevante para responder el problema normativo; y, por el otro lado, quienes han conceptualizado esta noción para dar cuenta de la pérdida del deber del aplicador del derecho de tener que usar una norma en la justificación de su decisión institucional que resuelve el problema normativo.
Hilario, Pascoal Rafaela da Conceição. "The vulnerability of Nigerian and Romanian women in sexual exploitation. Motherhood as being a double vulnerability." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/265095.
Повний текст джерелаROCCHI, FRANCESCA. "La risposta sanzionatoria e il potere discrezionale del giudice: con particolare riferimento al ruolo e al significato della recidiva nella teoria della pena." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1090.
Повний текст джерелаWhile most authors and ministerial committees, established in recent decades to reform the penal code, have found in the wide discretionary power of the judge over criminal sentencing the main reason of the penalties ineffectiveness of Italian system, the research, developed in this dissertation, through also a comparative analysis, has identified two legal basis of the current crisis of the punishment ‘s certainty and of the excessive gap between penalty and punishment in abstract and in concrete. The first reason consists in the inadequacy of statutory penalties, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The structure of the Italian penal system, based only on custodial sanctions, seems nowadays, in fact, anachronistic and contrary to current trends in modern criminal justice systems, also promoted by the international scientific community to avoid the negative and counterproductive effects of imprisonment, especially if short-lived. From a quantitative point of view, moreover, the minimum and maximum of statutory penalties, are often so disproportionate compared to the abstract value of the offense, that the court is constrained to a role of the substitute of the legislator to adjust the legal determination of the statutory penalties to the constitutional principles of equality, rehabilitation and proportion, as he is now constantly required by the Constitutional Court. The second reason, however, lies in the overgrowth of the circumstances of the offense, as a result of the many legislative reforms that have distorted the overall discipline and character, changing their original function as legal causes of statutory penalties’ amendment, designed specifically to restrict judicial discretionary sentencing power. Emblematic it appears the story of the legislation against persistent offenders, which, despite having been recently reformed by the legislature in a particularly repressive sense, on the example of other European legal systems and of North-American laws of the "three strikes", maintaining it’s legal aggravating circumstance nature of the offense, has paradoxically produced an extension of the discretionary sentencing power of the judge, making even less effective the repressive response. The recent reform of the sanctions made by the l. 251 of 2005, therefore, is criticized because, despite the symbolic repressive value who wanted to give, has not really affected the foundation of this institution of recidivism, leaving its application to the court’s decision, without trying other solutions of criminal-political nature, as part of a more differentiated system of penalties, both by type of crime and perpetrators, that is, in itself, therefore, incompatible with a recidivism’s discipline based solely on increasing the penalty in the abstract, without distinction of seriousness of the current and previous offence(s) and of the time of previous offence (so called “wash-out period”).
BRAMBILLA, ROSSANA. "La differenza pedagogica. Consistenza e funzionamento del "campo" educativo." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/25187.
Повний текст джерелаThough its toils, pedagogy is still unable to say something new about education, society and culture. It continues only to produce all sort of teleologies, that is a large quantity of finalities for education. On the contrary, possibility to say something new about education seems linked to a new interpretation of three important concepts: science, epistemology and criticism. They could really let pedagogy to start a new connection with its object (education). In the second part of the work, I try to think of Riccardo Massa’s speech again. I consider his pedagogy as a new theory, able to think education as a particular “field” of experience. Education, in the opinion of Riccardo Massa, is a “device”, that is a mechanism made by specific elements and specific force levels. In the third part of the research, first, I try to use “device” theory to show a new possible way to structure and to run a rehabilitation ward. Finally, I try to use the same theory to show a new possible way to plan educational work with children families.
Vedovello, Ana Paula Scudeler. "A teoria dos Sistemas de Luhmann como argumento contrário ao direito penal do inimigo 3ş velocidade do direito pena." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1292.
Повний текст джерелаUniversidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie
La tesi si propone di decostruire il diritto penale del nemico da sistemi di ragionamento Luhmannian. Per quel primo stabilisce i pilastri del diritto penale, indicando le loro strutture e concetti fondamentali. Successivamente, sviscera quello che è il diritto penale del nemico, in una società a rischio, indicando i suoi punti fondamentali, e dettagliare le velocità del diritto penale. Dopo l analisi, una tabella di confronto viene fatto al fine di poter dire che la terza marcia del diritto penale - nitide, diritto penale restrittiva, anticipatoria e rigoroso - è un'espressione del diritto penale del nemico. Il titolo di complementarità, si tratta di uno studio sul regime di disciplina differenziata, stabilito nel paese al fine di completare come modello del diritto penale non sia cittadino. In un momento successivo, attraverso la teoria di Luhmann, si tratta di una valutazione di ciò che è proprio sotto questo criterio, in modo che la legge è considerata un sottosistema del sistema sociale globale. Sono caratteristiche apparenti , il metodo , le dimensioni di significato e le questioni conflittuali di questa razionalità di Luhmann . A questa profondità, si arriva ad una seconda conclusione: che la legge ha fornito per gli imprevisti, e che tali contingenze dovrebbe essere regolato in modo da diminuire le frustrazioni e favorire la stabilità sociale e normativo. Questa stabilizzazione avverrà come principalmente le regole, generando una congruenza selettiva . Parzialmente finale si incontrano questi concetti e affermazioni, in modo che aggiunge una nuova contrario al diritto penale degli argomenti nemico: l'argomento della metodologia di analisi teoria dei sistemi di Luhmann. Ora la destra è un sottosistema del sistema sociale, ha autoreferenzialità e autopoiesi, e altre caratteristiche che sono loro proprie. L' idea del nemico non è l'appartenenza a tensioni sociali prodotte dallo standard battuta d'arresto che ci si aspetta dal sistema. Vale a dire: la situazione per determinare un nemico non si adatta l'aspettativa di contingenza che può esistere in un sottosistema giuridico, come un sistema, la percezione dei valori è predominante in quanto è un fattore e senso di equilibrio nella regolazione della possibile frustrazione.
A tese tem por objetivo desconstruir o Direito Penal do Inimigo através do raciocínio luhmanniano de sistemas. Para tanto primeiramente estabelece os pilares do Direito Penal, indicando suas estruturas e conceitos fundamentais. Posteriormente, esmiúça o que seja o Direito Penal do Inimigo, no âmbito de uma sociedade de risco, indicando seus pontos fundamentais, e detalhando as velocidades do direito penal. Após a análise, faz-se um quadro comparativo no sentido de poder-se afirmar que a terceira velocidade do direito penal direito penal mais incisivo, restritivo, antecipatório e rigoroso seja uma expressão do direito penal do inimigo. A título de complementaridade, faz-se um estudo a respeito do Regime Disciplinar Diferenciado, instituído no país, de forma a concluí-lo como um modelo de direito penal do não cidadão. Em um momento seguinte, por meio da teoria dos sistemas de Luhmann, faz-se uma avaliação do que seja o direito sob esse critério, de modo que o direito passa a ser considerado um subsistema do sistema social global. Evidenciam-se características, método, dimensões de sentido e questões conflituosas dessa racionalidade de Luhmann. Nesse aprofundamento, chega-se a uma segunda conclusão: a de que o direito tem previstas contingências, e tais contingências devem ser reguladas, de modo que diminua as frustrações e gere uma estabilidade social e normativa. Tal estabilização se dará precipuamente pelas normas, gerando uma congruência seletiva. Em parte derradeira, reúnem-se esses conceitos e afirmações, de modo que se agrega um novo argumento contrário ao direito penal do inimigo: o argumento da metodologia de análise pela teoria dos sistemas de Luhmann. Ora, se o direito é um subsistema do sistema social, ele possui autorreferencialidade, autopoiese, e demais características que lhes são peculiares. A ideia de inimigo não é pertencente à perturbação social produzida pela contrariedade à norma que é esperada pelo sistema.Ou seja: a situação de se determinar um inimigo não se adapta à expectativa de contingência que possa existir em um subsistema jurídico, já que em um sistema, a percepção de valores é preponderante, na medida em que é um fator de sentido e de equilíbrio na regulação de possíveis frustrações.
GIORDANO, CHIARA. "THE IMPACT OF CARE, GENDER AND MIGRATION REGIMES ON MIGRANT DOMESTIC WORK: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AT THE EUROPEAN LEVEL." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/574535.
Повний текст джерелаTOMATIS, FRANCESCA. "WHERE IS WOMEN¿S REVOLUTION GOING?THE EFFECTS OF EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT ON FERTILITY BEHAVIOURS ACROSS EUROPE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/633376.
Повний текст джерелаCANTALINI, STEFANO. "FORMAZIONE DELLA FAMIGLIA, FECONDITA' E STRATIFICAZIONE SOCIALE NELL'ITALIA DAL DOPOGUERRA A OGGI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/492551.
Повний текст джерелаROSSI, LUCREZIA SILVANA. "LA LEGITTIMA DIFESA NEL DOMICILIO (ART. 52 C. 2-4 C.P.) UN¿INDAGINE TRA STORIA, COMPARAZIONE, TEORIA E PRASSI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/852006.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis deals with the delicate issue of self defence exercised in the home, which has been the subject of two reforms in the last fifteen years – first in 2006, then in 2019 –, arousing widespread criticism and conflicting opinions regarding its exact scope. The great public attention for the institute and the two legislative interventions have stimulated the interest and the desire to investigate the origin, the ratio and the evolution of the justification regulated by art. 52 c.p. The purpose of this survey is twofold: on the one hand, an attempt has been made to understand the needs underlying the reforms and, more generally, the foundation of the need so well rooted in contemporary society for a differentiation of treatment for attacks perpetrated inside the house; on the other hand, starting from the study of the discipline currently in force and the concrete application of the same by jurisprudence, an attempt has been made to find a more satisfactory balance between the widespread needs and compliance with the Constitutional Charter and the European Convention of human rights, in short a "sustainable counter-reform". The thesis is divided into three parts, of which the first is dedicated to the historical-comparative analysis of the justification. In particular, the study traces the origins of the institute starting from Roman law up to the present day, trying to highlight the historical precedents capable of explaining the current predisposition of a special figure of self defence in favour of anyone who is attacked in private places, where individuals boasts an ius excludendi alios against the aggressor. The historical research is accompanied by a comparative survey, also set in a historical perspective, which broadens the gaze to the choices made on the subject by the main European systems – notably the French and English ones –, as well as by the US federal system. The second part of the thesis concerns the internal law in force; in particular, the paper first deals with law no. 59 of 13 February 2006 and then the law n. 36 of 26 April 2019, i.e. the reforms that have given prominence to the special figure of home self defence. To this end, both the criminal political context that marked its origin and the content of the reforms in the light of the jurisprudence of legitimacy are considered; in fact, a study was carried out on all the rulings issued by the Court of Cassation regarding home self defence from 1 January 2000 until 1 January 2021. Thanks to this research, it emerged on the one hand how the first reform is substantially devoid of concrete repercussions and, on the other hand, how the second legislative intervention, if not subjected to a corrective interpretation in the light of constitutional and conventional guidelines, is dangerous for system tightness. Along this line, the investigation focuses in particular on the role that the requirement of necessity and the normative presumptions of legitimacy of the reaction should assume. With reference to the case of excess, then, are presented the criteria for detecting the serious disturbance and the conditions of impaired defence to which excuse effects are linked. Finally, the third and last part of the paper deals with the institution from a de iure condendo perspective; specifically, starting from the results achieved through the survey carried out, an attempt was made to put forward a proposal for reorganization of the justification which is divided into three steps, ideally connected to each other. According to this working hypothesis, art. 52 c.p. would gain rationality and effectiveness if, first of all, the paragraphs governing home self defence currently in force were eliminated; furthermore, beside the provision referred to art. 52 c. 1 c.p., there should be an excuse linked to the state of emotional disturbance experienced by the attacked, applicable in cases of excess and error in self defence; finally, an iuris tantum presumption of current danger could be envisaged for the sole safety of those present in the event of aggression perpetrated within the home and business. The coexistence of these amending proposals would seem capable of giving a renewed balance to the justification, first of all giving voice and recognition to the widespread requests, furthermore respecting the principles and values of which the Constitution and the European Convention of human rights are an expression, and lastly still giving a push contrary to the current anti-statist tendency, if not even anti-constitutional, of which the two recent reforms on the subject have become spokesmen.
TAVERRITI, SARA BIANCA. "L'AUTOCONTROLLO PENALE. RESPONSABILITÀ PENALE E MODELLI DI AUTONORMAZIONE DEI DESTINATARI DEL PRECETTO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/619498.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the crucial challenges of Criminal Law in the new millennium is to deal with the complexity of contemporary society. The traditional approach based on the State monopoly on criminal matters keeps abreast no longer with the scientific-technological sophistication and the rate of changes in criminal behavior in the era of globalization. In this scenario, we witness the rise of Self-Regulation as an auxiliary tool of crime prevention, whose main goal is to fill the vacuum and to compensate for the rapid obsolescence of state legislation. Compliance Programs, Anti-Bribery Plans, Clinical Guidelines are some of the elements of a diverse constellation of cases in which preventive measures, behavioral rules, surveillance, and sanctions are issued and enforced by a legislator who coincides with the recipient, and which is often a private actor. Nevertheless, the ambivalence of Self-Regulation lies in the fact that – in the face of some positive externalities promised – this paradigm could jeopardize some of the fundamental principles of Criminal Law. The aim of this work is to provide a critical analysis of such phenomenon in order to verify the compatibility of Self-Regulation with the Rule of Law and to assess its efficacy in deterring and detecting misconducts.
FACCO, JAVIER HUMBERTO. "Modulaciones operativas de la buena fe en el sistema jurídico romanista." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/201921.
Повний текст джерелаThis research, in the first place, aims to describe critically the developments of good faith, in some contractual functions, sometimes as a simple fides in a the archaic Roman Law, sometimes as bona fides (after the procedural and technical specification of the notion). The investigation also includes the most significant manifestations of good faith during the medieval and modern law until the great codifications in Latin American and Europe (XIX-XX centuries). Also, it examines current trends of the principle of good faith, from the analysis of projects of harmonization in the contract law field (so-called Lando, Pavia, UNIDROIT, etc.). The perspective that guides the research seeks to highlight the roles that the good faith has played during the different periods. So, from a functional point of view, it is possible to distinguish two main roles of good faith: a) as the limit and corrective standard of negotiation actions, when the parties breach the duties of loyalty which is the basic principle in the contract law; b) as a principle that serves to integration of the contract leant to enrich its effects, filling in gaps that may impede the full realization of the objective pursued by the parties. The comparative-historical methodology used does not drain away in diachronic and synchronic study of good faith, but it allows to take into effect the most appropriate solutions and suitable to meet the needs of justice. Moreover, as all of these solutions are present, explicitly or implicitly, in the whole experience of Roman Law System, the work of the jurists is to study and select them with attention. In this sense, after evaluating the final conclusions of this research, it includes by an executive summary prepared with the intention of making a small contribution to the current harmonization in the contract law field in Latin America.
COLETTA, CLAUDIA. "INTERNAL SEGMENTATION, RESIDENTIAL PATTERNS AND JOB-RELATED SPATIAL MOBILITY FOR INDEPENDENT PROFESSIONALS. AN ORIGINAL ANALYSIS ON PRIMARY DATA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/582672.
Повний текст джерелаBOTTALICO, ANDREA. "ACROSS THE CHAIN. DOCK LABOUR SYSTEMS IN THE EUROPEAN PORTS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON TWO CONTAINER TERMINALS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/573783.
Повний текст джерелаDORMIDONTOVA, YULIA. "AGE DISCRIMINATION IN THE LABOUR MARKET: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/635913.
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