Дисертації з теми "Temporalité de la dette"
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Jeong, Boram. "Theory of subjectification in Gilles Deleuze : a study of the temporality in capitalism." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080165.
This dissertation looks at time as a socially or psychologically imposed ‘structure’ that determines the ways in which past, present and future are weaved together in the subject. This inquiry presents (1) a critical role of temporality in the formation of the subject, (2) a specific temporality characteristic of contemporary financial capitalism, and (3) the pathologies of time found in the subjects of capitalism. The first two chapters provide an extensive analysis of Deleuze’s passive syntheses of time given in Difference and Repetition, which reveals the subject’s passive relation to time as a structure of ‘becoming.’ The following chapters examine how this ontological structure of time interacts with socio-economic temporalities in its production of the subject. I particularly focus on the temporal structure of debt, which has become a general condition of the subjects in the current economic system. I claim that the debt-based economy produces ‘melancholic subjectivity,’ characterized by a dominance of the past and the inhibition of becoming
Ngolele, Claude-Alexis. "Temporalité : modes d'accès." Université de Provence. Faculté des lettres et sciences humaines (1969-2011), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX1A118.
Foulley, Michel. "Temporalité et biologie." Reims, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REIML002.
The time used by physicists is directed against life. More often than not, the time referred to by philosophers has been extraneous to life. Thus it became all the more necesary to go about in quest of initial temporality as all those images made up by time merely trengthened the primary role of reason and the fictions coming along with it. Temporality is a force of synthesis and organization resulting from the confrontation between the ideal character of the temporal structure and the existential character of facts. Temporality finds in chronobiology the very expression of this radical ability to achieve the synthesis of the different clocks which compose it. Living means changing and this sequence of events gives temporality both its richness and its mystery, for a living creature is never true to himself. Temporality is this intimate relation fron self to self which gives the organism its autonomy and its freedom. Both philosophers and scientists consider time as a regulating concept whose purpose is the thorough unification of what our reason knows. This nightmare has to vanish so as to make room for a genuine metaphysical grasp of temporality. If ever there exists a metaphysical illusion in the approach to the notion of time, the fault lies with the imaginary of ambiguity for which time cannot be described as a sheer invention of thought. True temporality is the expression of a biological pecularity, a form of transcendence corresponding to that palpitation which is the origin of life and freedom
Kravaritou, Sofia. "La configuration des "calendriers" des cités grecques : temporalité cultuelle et temporalité narrative." Paris, EPHE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EPHE5026.
Ancient Greeks did not use the word “calendar” to describe their annual time of religious celebrations or the time of chronology, as we use it today. They did not also have written documents describing all the celebrations of the religious year. The documents assigned as “calendars” by modern scholars contain scanty information associated most of the time with specific political or other events. The construction and the description of the annual program of month names and celebrations is in Ancient Greece a private affair of every city and every small community. Religious annual time is full of individual month names, rituals, intercalations, and we suspect also the existence of movable feasts. The construction of the historical time and the memory of the communities is also characterised by great individualism. It has been created into the narrative time of various versions of poetic and historical activity describing the foundation of present cults in the past by gods and heroes, who sign the beginning of history for every city and community
RAIMBAUD, YANNICK. "La dette familiale." Nantes, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NANT024M.
Lamarche, Vincent. "Constance et temporalité selon Platon." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040054.
In spite of what the divisions of the Timaeus (27d) might suggest, Plato grants dignity and constancy to temporal beings, by allowing, thanks to a double "parricide", the possibility of an intermediate between the status he reserves to the intelligible and the one attributed to the tangible world by the relativists. In the existence of time and in our participation in its "forms" (the "was" and the "will be"), he sees an evidence of the interaction between "being" and "becoming", and a sign of divine concern. In the Philebus and in the Parmenides, he conceives time as a "mixture" of "limit" and "infinity", and settles the intelligibility of temporal becoming by means of distinctions which seem to announce Aristotle’s physics
Macias, Pilar. "La temporalité de l'art photographique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34279.
Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2019
Lemoine, Benjamin. "Les valeurs de la dette : L'État à l'épreuve de la dette publique." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00712284.
Nsie, Etienne. "La remise de dette." Nancy 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN20014.
The traditional opposition between creditor and debtor shows clearly the strength of obligatory property which plays in favour of the creditor. The debtor must furnish the service due to the latter as a way out. The execution of the obligation is the normal way of his liberation. However the contractual property can be resolved by another process which excludes the idea of execution. There is certainly extinction of the obligation but this is done without furnishing the service. This process of liberation without execution is known as remission of debt. Essentially, this involves a voluntary and free act. It is also a conventional act. Offer of remission must therefore be accepted by the debtor. However, if it is done at the exclusive interest of the debtor, then he has no reason to refuse the offer. One should therefore agree that the remission of debt can be done by a unilateral renunciation. Since it is a contract, debt remission obeys the rules of proof of common law. But the legislator has made of the voluntary remission of debt, by creditor to debtor, to be an title of debt which states its right of presumption of liberation of the debtor. This presumption is incontestable when the debt is made by a private agreement, and simple when it is so by a real act. If remission of debt aims at liberating the debtor from the contractual property, it is not without consequence on the obligation of the coobligee and guarantors
Frering, Rebecca. "La reconnaissance de dette." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 3, 2022. http://scd-proxy.univ-brest.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/isbn/9782247234448.
An acknowledgement of indebtedness has become one the banalest actions of everyday life: a father loaning his son some money for him to undertake a project, for which he would write a certificate of indebtedness; heirs finding out that the deceased person had written a certificate of indebtedness; a CEO writing a certificate of indebtedness to save their company… This banality implies some kind of obviousness in the way that this act would be acted upon legally. It probably explains why the doctrine has never researched it extensively. The apparent simplicity of dealing with the outcomes of certificates of indebtedness hides an uncovered process. The numerous legal qualifications given by the doctrine prove it: unilateral act, unilateral contract concluded for pecuniary interest, declarative act, acknowledging act, avowal, etc. Far from constituting a purely theoretical questioning, disconnected from practice, the qualification used for the consequences of dealing with an acknowledgement of indebtedness has important consequences on the legal regime that will be applied to it. Should it be bound to the rules relating to the defects of consent, or the avowal? Should certain principles relating to proof be applied to it, such as loyalty? How liable should the author of a certificate of indebtedness be? The recent reform of contract law has added its share of questions by removing the cause, thanks to which the case law controlled the existence of a debt in terms of recognition. What basis should be used to control this existence in the presence of an acknowledgement of debt subscribed after October 1st, 2016? To answer all these questions, this thesis first offers to identify the legal nature of the acknowledgement of debt, which seems to be somewhere between the proof and the legal act. The qualification operation will require adopting another look at these two notions, traditionally opposed, to consider the possibility of a legal acts category having a probative quality. The legal regime for the acknowledgement of debt can then be built based on the retained qualification, aimed to embrace the singularities of this act. This construction will often require resolving the apparent contradictions between the proof and legal acts
Dankova, Natalia. "Temporalité en espéranto : étude du transfert." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA081275.
The objective of this dissertation is to study native language (nl) influence, in the domain of temporality in particular, on production in esperanto when spoken by french, italian and russian native speakers. Three reasons explain this choice. Firsly, the fundamental cognitive and grammatical category that is tine permits the observation of relations existing between the temporal system of a language and the conceptual orientation of the speaker in choosing the information to be conveyed. Secondly, esperanto, a unique linguistic phenomenon, is shared by a heterogeneous linguistic community. The grammar of esperanto, which represents an inventory of 16 rules, explicitly authorizes transfer. Each speaker selects from these available rules those which are necessary, while at the same time respecfing the morphological norm, the only norm in esperanto. In the absence of native monolingual esperanto speakers to serve as a reference, this choice finds itself related to the nl and to the way in which time and aspect are expressed in the nl in question. Thirdly, the choice of esperanto as a neutral field of observation allows for the discovery of features that are characteristic of the way in which time is expressed in the nl, and for the evaluation of potential transfer to another language. By comparing of production of the subjects in esperanto with that of the nl in oral texts (narratives of pictures and personal experience), this study treats transfer in esperanto at the conceptual level, not througt the forms produced, but rather by considering the preference of the speaker for such and such a form used to express a given function. The nl intervenes in the conceptualization of time in context and in the orientation towards temporal means, as well as in their interaction, notably in the following: - the localization of events on a temporal axis, and the relationship between these events, - the different means used to express aspectual features and order relation (before, after, simultaneous), - the configuration of verbal morphology and lexical-syntactic means (adverbs of time and temporal subordination), - the use of discourse strategies, such as direct speech, change of narrative perspective and location, and emphasis of major events
Davezac, David. "Normativité et temporalité dans l'éthique kantienne." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20027.
The thesis is centered on the notion of practical temporality. It studies the connection between normativity and temporality by showing that in knowledge, objectivity is produced by a schematism of the categories of the understanding, which allows to connect and to apply the universal concepts, a priori and internal, to one given sensitive private individual, while in practice, the categories of freedom make a practical synthesis possible within the desires, but at once, without passing through the schematism of imagination. It is not any more a question of legislating on one given sensitive and of ordering it, but of producing a reality or an effectiveness which is the " resolution of the will ", in a absolutely immediate way. Now, if a morally determined will has been produced, there should be a practical temporality in which this causality through freedom will operate . This notion was not elaborated by Kant but it seems necessary to think of it to understand the effectiveness of moral Law. Indeed, the problem of the applicability of the unconditioned pure principle in the time of transcendental aesthetics is incomprehensible because if it applies in the time then we have to conclude that it is itself a priori conditioned and if it applies outside time, we reach the conclusion that the intelligible character is timeless, eternal and unchanging, which invalidates practical freedom as goodwill. Our thesis aims at answering this problem by showing that the moral Law is active and becomes a duty only by the person who is not unchanging but who has to be seen as practical temporality and duratio nouménon (duration made infinite by the postulate of the Dialectic of practical reason)
Elouaer, Ben Njima Nadia. "La dette publique extérieure tunisienne." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_elouaer_n.pdf.
In Tunisia, the debt crisis of eighties is a consequence of inadequate national savings, the accumulation of debt arrears and the huge amount of the budget deficit. The tunisian foreign debt has reached its peak, also the failure risk was quit important: the structure of the debt was a cause. The public debt was mainly bilateral, contracted according multiple conditions in favor of lenders but hard to Tunisia. This situation did not last too long because Tunisia has transformed its debt policy by focusing on multilateral debt and international financial market. A ratio analysis of the situation of the tunisian external public debt confirms its sustainability since 1986. However this study has two limitations: on the first hand, they are static, they don’t take into consideration the evolution of the debt over the time. On the other hand, these ratios don’t discern the relationship between Tunisia and its financial partners; this relationship is crucial at the moment of borrowing agreement whether bilateral, multilateral or provider credits. Unable to guarantee his solvency, Tunisia is opposed by the continuous follow-up of its debt, since the loan decision until its payback. To help decreasing its foreign public debt and to maintain a considerable level of economic growth, the tunisian State set up certain reforms organizing this component of the public finance. It was also supported by national and international debt management systems
Deffains-Crapsky, Catherine. "Dette mezzanine et structure d'endettement." Nancy 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN22023.
The aim of the thesis is to point out the opportunity to use mezzanine finance within financial operations using high debt level. Mezzanine debt is an intermediate type of finance between senior debt and equity which is characterized by intermediate risk and return and a repayment subordinated to the senior debt one. The different characteristics of this mean of finance have been analyzed : law, practice and theory. It allowed to develop, within the contingent claims analysis, a mathematical model. This Model allowed to determine an optimal debt structure and to analyze the relationship between the asset risk and the debt structure characteristics. Simulations and the analysis of two French mezzanine finance operations allowed to illustrate the theoretical results
Alvarado, Mendoza Arturo. "La temporalité dans l'oeuvre de Juan Rulfo." Paris 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA030017.
The author of this thesis will study timelessness, from a sociological viewpoint, in the work of juan rulfo. The introduction sets forth the theses that changes in contents determine the perception of time as a flow. A rapid overview of the concept of time through history is followed by the perception of time by the ancient mexicans. One can then find examples of mexican writers whose view of time approximates juan rulfo's, to conclude with a rapid overview of the mexican revolution and judgment of this revolution by mexican intellectuals. The first chapter is devoted to space in juan rulfo's work and its relationship to time. The second chapter is dedicated to similarities and differences between time in the writer's work and the work of faulkner and borges. Later in the chapter, one finds localisation of events in time, the present, social times, the father-son relationship, memory, sin, fatality and factors relating to the intemporal (moon, water, night, sun, etc. ). The third chapter is devoted to the absence of causality, to the strategy of verbal times, to the analysis of order, duration and frequency in the work of this mexican writer
Le, Gall Claire. "Fictions du posthumain : temporalité, hybridité, écriture(s)." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0064.
Posthuman figures are plentiful in contemporary fictional works. Robots, artificial intelligence, genetically modified or augmented beings, and clones: all find their origins in science fiction, and now abound in mainstream culture. These entities embody humanity’s possible evolutions and trigger both enthusiasm and fear. On the one hand, they offer an optimistic perspective on how current human limits could be overcome (such as old age and death, or more generally biological constraints). On the other hand, they also point out the troubling possibility of humanity’s eradication, to be replaced by radically different “posthuman” beings.This dissertation focuses on the fictional representations of the posthuman in contemporary Anglo-Saxon literature in the following novels: the MaddAddam trilogy (published between 2003 and2013) by Margaret Atwood, Never Let Me Go (2005) by Kazuo Ishiguro, Cloud Atlas (2004) by David Mitchell, Accelerando (2005) and Glasshouse (2006) by Charles Stross, and The Stone Gods (2007) by Jeanette Winterson.While they are sometimes characterized by a break in temporal linearity (in postapocalyptic stories), the fictions of the posthuman are also marked by a form of cyclicity (past, present and future converge).Like the cyborg, the figures of the posthuman are hybrid and combine cybernetic or mechanical machines and biological organisms. They exist in a liminal space, and are able to go beyond the dualisms which permeate our way of thinking (male/female, same/other, natural/artificial).Writing the posthuman means considering its multiplicity, and is based on erasure, repetition and rewriting, following the model of the palimpsest
Beaumier, Jacob. "Universalité et temporalité dans la phénoménologie husserlienne." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2041/1/030175504.pdf.
Adedze, Dina Délali Libérée. "La soutenabilité de la dette : un modèle de dynamique de dette appliqué à la Grèce." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11008.
Richard, Anne. "Le paiement de la dette d'autrui." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX32031.
The payment of other people’s debt, on account of the otherness which characterizes it, shows a distinctiveness in its nature. First, unlike the debtor, the other person is unable to forthwith comply with the potentialities of the binding bond. Though he can fulfill the material expectation of the creditor, he is, however, incapable of accomplishing the duty aspect integrated in the obligatory relation. Therefore the bond still has a reason to exist further to his intervention. Only the subrogation, by the substitution of the persons which it carries out within the binding relation, generates the very fulfillment of the latter. Furthermore, the inherent otherness in the payment of another person’s debt discloses, for the time being, an unsuspected dimension of the payment. While the payment which is made by the debtor is purely and simply extinctive, the payment of another person’s debt gets its specifity in bearing a new obligation, which is able to enlarge the initial compulsory bond
Cohen, Daniel. "Monnaie, richesse et dette des nations /." Paris : Éd. du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366303131.
Richard, Anne. "Le paiement de la dette d'autrui /." Aix-en-Provence : Presses universitaires d'Aix-Marseille, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41193912v.
Christaki, Angélique. "L'autre et la temporalité subjective dans la psychose." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070032.
The object of this study is the research of modalities like the subjective temporality and the specular condition in the field of psychoses. Assuming that the hallucination model is at the base of subjective structure we then examine the function of hallucination in the field of psychoses. We conduct our research in three stages: At the first stage we examine various psychotic formations (hallucination, delirium etc. ) as speech phenomena. Also, we examine the way the subject is recorded, as speech product, at the crossroads of the temporal subjectivity and the specular condition modalities. At the second stage we examine through the clinical picture of the syndromes of Cotard and Capgras, the pathological implications when the temporal structures and the specular condition are distorded. The symbolic function of the name, the subjective continuity, in time and space, and the specular relation are themes that are analysed. In the third stage we examine the peculiarities of the transferential relation in field of psychoses. We take the clinical picture of erotomania (passional psychosis) as an example, based on Clerambault's postulate, and we examine the transferential relation, in the field of psychoses
Verbeken, Dominique. "Etude de la temporalité dans "Jacques le fataliste"." Bordeaux 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR30043.
"Jacques le fataliste" is usually considered as a hard-understandable work. This would be connected to a certain difficulty in drawing its temporal structure. In order to study this structure we have begun, in a first chapter, by looking into the representation of the linguistic time before suggesting ours. In the second chapter, we have studied the present, on which the whole structure of "Jacques le fataliste" is lying. The present doesn't always describe events, but points to an interpretation of events. In the third chapter, we have tried to apply our system to the tens Diderot is making use of : passé simple, imparfait and passé composé. After reminding of the characteristics of "Jacques le fataliste"'structure, in the fourth chapter, we have explained Diderot's intentions : reproduce the life. At that time, we had to show that, in this structure, narration and communication are cohabiting. At last, in the fifth chapter, we have detailed our representation system, built up chapter after chapter. By the study of some extracts "Jacques le fataliste", we have tried to offer Diderot's strategy, which consists not only in multiplying the levels of temporality, but also in reducing these several levels to one. The centre of this level would fit with the narrator's enunciation time
Huang, Hai-Ming. "La temporalité dans les peintures de Francis Bacon." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081064.
Estaun, Ferrer Santiago. "La compréhension des indices graphiques de la temporalité." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H106.
The sequence of two actions, or the duration of one action or the duration of the temporary interval between two actions can be graphically represented in different ways. The problem we have posed in our study is the children's understanding of the graphic indicators that indicate the succesion and the duration of the action or the interval betwee two actions represented in pictures. One short history is represented every two actions and by two successive slides. There are 12 stories grouped in 4 categories. One of them -pragmatic- represents two successive actions. The 2nd categorie -simultaneous- represents the simultaneity of two actions in time and in space. The other two categories -cycliques and cognitives- represent either the duration of a continuous action or the interval between two ac- tions. (the cyclic stories category used "contextual" or "natural" graphic indicators : seasons of the year ; and the cognitive stories category use "artificial" or "social" -watch, calendar- graphic indicators). We have introduced the stories in two different ways; one by a successive projection of the two slides and the other by a simultaneous projection. The subjects were 24 children aged as follows : 6, 8, and 10 years, divided in two groups of 12 children. One group had seen the two slides of the 12 stories in a successive projection, and the other in a simultaneous projection. The results show that at 6 years old, the successionis obtained and understood and that there exists a certain sense of the duration of the action being the action estimation criterium. The difficulties in understanding the simultaneity are caused by the graphic caracteristics indicators used. The understanding and utilization of "natural" or "contextual" indicators that allow the achievement stimation of the action duration or the interval between two actions, does not appear before the age 8 years, but the understanding and utilization of the "artificial" or "social" indicators appear at 8 years old, parallely to the social and school learning of the conventional uni- ties of time measures : hours, calendar. We discuss the possible factors that participate in these results
Rodriguez, Penagos Juan Manuel. "Temporalité et Psychose : une étude de trois cas." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070070.
In this research, we will debate the question about the time psychological phenomenon, in relation within the psychotic state. We begin with one specific context - a novelist (Juan Rulfo), a mathematician (Georg Cantor) and a patient. We will analyse the unconscious formations, and also the way they relate to time, from the work of each of these three cases. We will discuss each one, to consider their fields as a formal System of knowledge, that can allow us to make specific remarks about their relation to time and psychosis
Durr, Noemie. "Figures de la mélancolie : Exclusion sociale et temporalité." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCD001.
This research has been conduct in the field of clinical social psychopathology. It is based on case study, in reference to psychoanalytical metapsychology. By focusing our attention on the different spaces of psychic reality, and through a vast experience as a clinical psychologist, we are going to question the links between social exclusion and temporality. Throughout the clinical cases and research process, we have been confronted with different levels of time order confusion. As we took in account the question of origin, we have suggested that an inner space is constituted at the edge of life in the bond with the first objects: the space of silence. On the basis of an analysis of the transference and countertransference relationship in the context of an individual, group and institutional therapy, as well as the analysis of a literary work, we have questioned the establishment of interpersonal relationships of one subject, through the construction of its first space. This process involves an opening to a temporality proper to each one that allows the integration in a singular history. The "excluded" subject would build itself as a stranger to itself in a form of confusion that would refer to a blur between the inside and the outside, between fantasy and reality. Its temporality would be built from crypts containing the time of the object, it would open on a time that would spread out in a buried "outside": a time that would turn on itself, referring us to the figures of melancholy. When meeting the subject, the clinical psychologist would be brought back to a point of return, the place of nothingness. This research work would be one way to decipher and understand the chaos of origins
Dairi, Meriem. "Le financement des PME dans un contexte d’asymétries d’information et de rationnement : dette bancaire vs dette fournisseur." Thesis, Lille 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL20018.
Loupias, Claire. "Modeles a generations, actifs et dette publique." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010044.
We study fixed asset, public debt and public capital in overlapping generation models a la diamond (1965). In the first part, after a review of literature results on the fixed asset when it is valorised only as a factor of production, we study two points when it is valorised both by consumers and the firm. We find that the existence of a fixed asset may be an explanation of the link between savings and investment in a small open economy. We show that within an endogenous growth model with two sectors a la rebelo (1991), the growth rate of the economy is maximum when the fixed asset is public. In the second part, we study the link between public debt and public capital. We built two models. In the first one, we study the impact of the financing of public capital on the fact that the economy may be or may be not at the golden rule. The second model is an endogenous growth model. In this model we try to find the financing and the level of public capital which maximize the growth rate of the economy. The results depend on the production elasticity to private capital
Picod, Nathalie. "La remise de dette en droit privé." Toulouse 1, 2011. http://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr/pvurl.php?r=http%3A%2F%2Fdallozbndpro-pvgpsla.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr%2Ffr%2Fpvpage2.asp%3Fpuc%3D5442%26nu%3D123.
Although the remission of debt is present everywhere, paradoxically it remains undefined by the law. It appears as a voluntary discharge granted inter vivos or mortis causa, for reward or free of charge, concerning all or part of the debt, whose object is to extinguish it. By definition conventional, it should be distinguished from the renunciation. Therefore, the legal model shouldn’t be bypassed by parallel mechanisms, such as the renunciation of the creditor’s right, at the risk of weakening the coherence of the release by turning it into a mere alternative mechanism. Moreover, the conventional discharge differs from those legal and judicial, which do not constitute real releases for lack of the element “will”. But the demarcation line is not so obvious, due to the graduated interference from the judge in the consent of the parties within insolvency proceedings. The infinite richness of the release shows itself by a plurivalence of its functions. Far from being an abstract act, the remission implies a consideration. The object of the release – extinction of the debt – merges with its extinctive effect, since the extinctive mechanism absorbs any other effect. Such a mechanism leaves a large place to the deployment of the parties’ will, who can modulate it, not without tax consequences. This modulation concerns the debt, but also the persons who are related to it in main or secondary title. In an incomplete way, the French Civil Code allows us to determine the extent of the releasing effect, ratione personae, in the absence of will expressed by the parties. We suggest a coherent legal regime rooted in the common body of law and taking into account insolvency proceedings
Mozas, Philippe. "La notion de dette en droit privé." Bordeaux 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR40001.
The debt is a complicated notion. The debt contain several aspects : subjective, patrimonial (then objective),imperious, moral. Thanks to the dualist analysis of obligations, the debt's aspects are understood better. This study show the importance, nowadays, of its patrimonial aspect and the necessity to distinguish the debt and the responsibility of the debtor
Candiago, Noémie. "La dette écologique en droit international public." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LAROD007/document.
The ecological debt is a concept which was developed at the beginning of the 90s in order to fight against the burden of financial debts which crippled the budgets of developing States. States and the civil society used the theoretical and practical knowledge developed by researchers in social and economic sciences to criticize an unequal worldorder, leading to continuous environmental degradation and as such, a characteristic of an unequal ecological exchange. For the different actors, the concept of ecological debt took on various meanings so that we can now dissociate four different discourses. For each discourse, we have identified one or more legal mechanism, but most of them often turn out to be unfit to meet the claims of ecological debt advocates. It appears that only the community version of ecological debt is efficient without being counter-productive. Our analysis of the climate regime in international law confirms this result since norms that empower local communities seem more efficient to reduce climate debt
Muths, Stéphane. "Une étude de la honte : sujet, culture et temporalité." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC065.
The topic of shame knows a revival of interest in psychoanalytic research as if it had a new topicality in our culture. The feeling of guilt is an anchor point of psychoanalysis merged with shame. The latter is a feeling of displeasure that upsets the psyche because the subject is humiliated by the removal of its narcissistic attributes. The dialectic between shame and guilt questions the place of the feeling of opprobrium in the current subjective construction and its clinical and cultural terms. The relationships between shame and culture are discussed in two aspects: a work of shame in the culture and the cultures of shame based around the concepts of miasma and staining. Our modernity seems to fall into a logic based on the turning over of shame between its denial and its exposure. Shame cultures rely on this logic whereas guilt cultures rely on the question of Sin. Ancient Greece was the scene of shame where the public esteem was the ideal. The post-war Japan has also been guided by the sense of own seppuku honor. Today, another form of shame appears in the guise of the hildldmori and suicide at work. Other clinical variations emerge notably in teenage phobias. It shows another form of temporality between affect-signal, a latent shame and an afterwards structural shame. That can be seen as the mark of a phallic sham reactivating the anxiety of separation out of the own guilt repair need. The current culture seems to be moving towards a culture of shame
Kikuchi, Kéisuké. "La pensée herméneutique de l'histoire : temporalité, narrativité et historicité." Paris 12, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA120044.
What is the meaning of histoiy for mankind? Are we historical beings simply because we live in time, or rather are we historical in a more fundaniental sense? This study looks for a response to this question by first considering it on an ontological level. The first part retraces the transformation of contemporaiy hermeneutics within die horizon ofHeideggerian thought. The second part is concerned with die relationship between the temporality of experience and narrative configuration. The third part makes explicit die constitution of historical time out of the temporal and narrative structure of existence. Hence it follows that historical lime no longer represents a simple place, an external framework in which human life passes by, but that it forms a constitutive moment for existence in its relationship to cominunity
Nourry, Patricia. "L'enracinement de l'imaginaire pascalien dans l'angoisse et la temporalité." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1999. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3189/1/000667813.pdf.
Prosperi, Lorenzo. "Essays on Sovereign Debt and the Macroeconomy." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU10016/document.
In this thesis, we present three papers related to sovereign debt. In the first two chapters, we study the importance of political frictions in explaining the large levels of sovereign debt to GDP observed in the data. In the third chapter, we evaluate the effects of banking regulation on sovereign exposures on macroeconomic activity. In the first chapter, we explore the channel through which political frictions generates borrowing or saving incentives in a consumption model with full commitment to debt repayment. In particular, we argue that an important and not-yet analyzed determinant of the observed heterogeneity of government debt across countries is the interaction between political conflicts and transparency of institutions. When the incumbent has preferences over the distribution of resources across different groups, in a transparent economy political uncertainty leads to pre- cautionary savings. Nevertheless, assuming that in more non-transparent economies the probability of an incumbent to be re-elected is more strongly a function of current economic conditions, then political uncertainty leads to borrowing incentives. We structurally estimate the two frictions (political conflict and lack of transparency) by using their macroeconomic implications, and we compare the estimated frictions with their proxies in the data. In the second chapter, we show that the existence of borrowing incentive generated by political frictions can generate large levels of debt to GDP, also when the agent is allowed to default on his debt. In particular, we intro- duce political uncertainty in the standard default model of Arellano2008: the incumbent has an exogenous probability of not being reelected in the next period, but in the cases when she decides to default, there is a larger probability of losing power. The calibrated model matches business cycle moments and generates realistic levels of sovereign debt in Argentina. The estimated political cost of default from the model is shown as being consistent with the decline in confidence in the Argentinian government documented around its 2001 default event. Finally, in the third chapter, we argue that favorable risk weighting on sovereign exposures induced by Basel regulation influences at the margin the composition of assets in banks’ balance sheets at the cost of penalizing lending activity. To quantify the effect of the distortion induced by this regulation, we build a standard RBC model calibrated to the Euro Area economy. Increasing risk weights on government bonds has positive long-run effects and stabilization properties with respect to the business cycle. In particular, this policy makes the steady state lending spread on firm loans decline, stimulating investment and output. Moreover, it stabilizes the lending spread leading to a lower volatility of investment and output
Vammalle-Sabouret, Camila. "De la naissance de la dette publique au plafond souverain : rôle des gouvernements régionaux dans l'évolution de la dette publique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0024.
Public debt are time inconsistant : once the government received the funds, it has incentives to default, and there is no power above him to prevent him from doing so. Therefore, without a mecanism to force the government to repay, nobody would lend to the sovereign. In this dissertation, we explore different mecanisms to make government's commitment credible, and we are particularily interested in the role of regional governments (cities, States, provinces). Indeed, historically, the absence of such a commitment mecanism explains why sovereign debts developed after commercial, cities or city-states debts. In contrast, local government institutions tended to be more representative of creditors' interests, making their commitment more credible. We show how the sovereigns first started using cities as intermediaries in order to increase the credibility of their own loans (since the 16th century in France). But little by little, with the development of representative institutions at the national level, the importance of these intermediaries was reduced, as the credibility of the national governent was increased. Today we have the opposite situation : national debts have become more credible than local ones, and national governments often have to monitor regional governments to avoid free-riding. We explain this by the shifting of the representation of lenders from the local towards the national level. Indeed, today, local institutions represent tax-payers interests more than they represent lender's interests, which are better defended at the national level
Viennot, Mathilde. "Crises financières, accumulation de dette et défaut souverain." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0166/document.
This thesis offers a new approach to sovereign default analysis, by tackling both statistical and the structural approaches to sovereign default. Starting from the link between financial crises, debt accumulation and sovereign default, it answers three main questions.First, when do countries default? Taking a simple look at macroeconomic variables and business cycles around default, I show that economic defaults occur when the country experiences a switch from a boom to a bust, combined with a large discontinuous shock on its debt-to-GDP ratio, brought mainly by a currency or a banking crisis.Second, how sovereign risk in a monetary union (e.g. the Eurozone) differs from sovereign default risk in a small open economy usually described in default literature? Constructing a New-Keynesian DSGE model with sovereign default risk, I exhibit the key role of habit persistence in the preference for a monetary union and the default decision. I am also able to test the efficiency of various policy tools on sovereign risk.Third, have monetary policy tools been efficient to reduce sovereign spreads in the Eurozone? I assess the transmission of ECB monetary policies, conventional and unconventional, to both interest rates and bond issuance for the four largest economies of the Euro area. The main result is that only the pass-through from the ECB rate to interest rates has been effective. Unconventional policies have had uneven effects and primarily on interest rates
Salanié, François. "Contrats de dette et comportement d'investissement des banques." Toulouse 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU10018.
We study debt contracts between an investor and a borrower, and the optimality of standard debt contract in various situations. It is shown that this contract leaves financial intermediaries vulnerable to bank-runs. This may justify deposit insurance by the monetary authorities. However a bank where deposits are insured may make inefficient investment decisions if it operates under limited liability rules
Trotignon, Jérôme. "Brésil : dette extérieure et politiques économiques,1981-1991." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100024.
Since 1982, debt payments by Brazil to foreign creditors have slowed investment and economic growth. Monetary and quasi-monetary financing through very short term public securities have resulted in brings inflationary pressure. From 1981 to 1991, Orthodox and semi-heterodox policies was unable to stop the increasing trend of inflation which shot up to 1500% in 1990. In addition to these external factors, a number of internal factors multiplied inflationary pressure. The wed concessions granted by creditors during the eighties and the lukewarm balance of the conversion of debt into risk-capital allow us to regard the use of moratorium as a method applying pressure on creditors. If we combine with a progressive buy back of part of the banking debt on the secondary market, a moratorium could be enable a significant reduction in external debt service payments and make them compatible with macro-economic equilibriums
Bonneau, Nicole. "Quantifications et incidences économiques de la dette publique." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100115.
Each year, when the decisions of public spendings and receipts are making, it is the financial deficit which leaps to the eye. Nevertheless, the accumulation of the deficits and the superiority of real interest rate in comparison with the rate of growth give an importance to the concept of public debt. But, before evaluate the economic effects of public debt, it is necessary to establish a specific concept of public debt with the financial national accounts, concept which must be "plural". Statistics" analysis shows the responsability of the state in the increase of public debt, increase in debts which has no counterpart in assets. Each type of public debt instruments has specific economic effects; it is why we study the economic effects, at short and long term, of financing public deficit by borrowing: economic effects of the debt flow in terms of crowding out or crowding in, economic effects of the stock on the interest rate and payments. These ambivalent effects lead to an evaluation of an optimal public debt: in a neo-classical model of equilibrium growth, the optimal public debt must finance investments which produce revenues for paying the interest payments. But in the case of superiority of real interest rate in comparison with the rate of growth, an increase in public debt finances the interest payments but induces a risk of explosion of public debt. Stability of debt gnp ratio requires a budget balance net of interest payments in sufficient surplus
Paumier-Bidault, Laurence. "La dette à la mère : injonction et psychose." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10083.
SCHUMANN, NAIME. "La technologie moderne, la dette et la faim." Besançon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BESA0006.
Kakaly, Jean-Didier Yodé. "L'affectation de comptes bancaises en garantie d'une dette." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10055.
Assign a bank account as security for a debt is a common pratice in banking circles of the ODAHA law. This raises the question of in what capacity the bank account is charged. The study should be conducted in two directions : first, the legal nature of this mechanism, then its legal regime. The legal nature is diverse, which leads to the selection of the escrow account as an alternative to unification. The pledge of security interest is necessarily the bank account, it comes as a pledge of assets (in case the account is not blocked) and a pledge of escrow account (if the account is held). This distinction controls the legal regime of the pledge of bank accounts. On the system of pledge of receivables, the analysis reveals that some of his solutions are inadequate bank account and proposes reforms. On the system of guarantee of a blocked account, the author of the thesis in its calls for urgent statutory recognition in the OHADA law
Schumann, Naimé. "La Technologie moderne, la dette et la faim." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595167t.
Bonneau, Nicole. "Quantifications et incidences économiques de la dette publique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612059q.
Icher, Liliane. "L'obligation de paiement de la dette publique française." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10024.
The payment – both the reimbursement of the capital and the disbursement of the interests – of the French public debt is a central political issue. It is seldomly studied in law despite the numerous legal interrogations that emerge from the subject. First of all, is there an obligation to pay? If so, how should it be honored? Could this constraint be legally questioned? The formation of the Maastrichtian public debt – including the State, the local governments and the Social security – is almost always completed correctly. The public persons act on behalf of an autorisation to borrow. Then they respect the contractual and financial rules. Therefore, the debtor has to proceed to the payments. For the moment, the French administrations manage to fulfill these obligations. However, the study has revealed democratic problems that weaken the consent to loan. When the public debt is formed, policies are deceptive, thus the norms based on them are hardly understandable for the citizens. During the execution, the discourses tend to become unequivocal. The payment of public debt is granted priority whatever the economic circumstances and the other prescriptions contained in the hierarchy of norms. The other possible interpretations of law are rarely exposed. Even though the French debt does not qualify as an “odious debt”, it is weakened both by a lack of clarity and of pluralism
Tahery, Zohreh. "L'acquisition de la temporalité en français par des apprenants persanophones." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030005.
This thesis is in the field of research on the acquisition of temporality. It aims at studying the acquisition and the expression of French temporality by the persanophones learning. The major goal is to identify and describe the average linguistics to transmit temporal information by our surveyed subjects. Our research concentrates particularly on the means of reference to the « past ». Two aspects characterize the temporality description: the reference to verbal morphology on the one hand and the recourse to the pragmatic means (the lexicon, adverbs temporal, the principle of telling the events in the order of their occurrence) on the other hand. Verbal morphology and its development are in the centre of the data analyses collected. The verbal forms are examined in the formal and functional prospect, all while being based on a functionalist method. The fieldwork has been conducted near three Iranian learning French who resides in France.! It is a question of a longitudinal corpus (oral and writing) in order to raise the traces of the progressive development in the acquisition of temporality. We wonder in particular about the stages of morphological development in the description of temporality. The results of the analyses support not only the comparative study of three learning, but also their confrontation with learning from other research undertaken in various source and target languages. The main aim is to clarify the permanent phenomena in the acquisition of temporality in L2
Landry, Bernard. "L'inquiétude à l'égard d'un avenir menaçant, temporalité, éthique et prospective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq25639.pdf.
Nguyen, Thuc Thanh Tin. "Etude contrastive de la temporalité en français et en vietnamien." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959868.