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Статті в журналах з теми "Telephone Conversations"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 26 жовтня 2024

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1

Mahzari, Mohammad. "The Closing Sequences and Ritual Expressions of Informal Mobile Phone Calls Between Saudis: A Conversational Analysis." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 5 (August 26, 2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n5p153.

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Анотація:

Although much work has been conducted on studying conversational openings of telephone and ritual expressions, conversational closings and ritual expressions have received less attention by researchers due to the complexity and difficulty of identifying the beginning of closings in telephone conversations. The parts of closing and ritual expressions on telephone have been examined in some languages, but Arabic has not been studied in landline telephone or mobile phone. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the sequences and ritual expressions between Saudi friends and relatives to explore the strategies of closing informal mobile phone calls by using a conversation analysis approach. Thirty audio-recorded and transcribed mobile phone conversations served as the data source for this study. The results found that the majority of mobile phone closing conversations include three parts: pre-closing, leave taking, and terminal exchange that are similar to many languages such as English, Japanese, and German. Also, various expressions were used in pre-closing and leave taking sequences, but the expressions of using prayers were used more frequently in the sequences. Finally, closing conversation is affected by various external and internal social factors in the sequences and the use of ritual expressions.

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2

Brooks, Gwendolyn. "Telephone Conversations." African American Review 50, no. 4 (2017): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/afa.2017.0056.

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3

Hanamura, Naoko. "Teaching telephone closings in Japanese." Issues in the Teaching and Learning of Japanese 15 (January 1, 1998): 29–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.15.03han.

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Abstract This paper aims to examine the ways in which communicative approach is reflected in the content of Japanese language textbooks used for the tertiary level in Australia. It does this by comparing examples of telephone closings in Japanese with the features and mechanisms of actual telephone closings in Japanese based on Conversation Analysis, using naturally occurring data. The textbooks examined were found to ignore the potential to reflect cultural differences in telephone conversations between languages. First of all, compared to conversational openings, telephone closings were largely disregarded or overlooked. Secondly, a lack of variations in settings and terminal expressions were noticed, and thirdly there was a gap between the picture presented by the textbooks and actual conversations in the ways in which participants negotiate closings. Taking the importance of exposing learners to authentic materials into consideration, implications for ways of incorporating authentic telephone closings into textbooks and teaching are also suggested.

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4

Widiyati, Elok. "THE FEATURES OF INTERRUPTING, COLLABORATING, AND BACKCHANNELLING USED BY BROADCASTER AND CALLER IN TELEPHONE CONVERSATION." EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 1, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.1.1.1-16.

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Анотація:

Conversational analysis is a part of conversational structure that manages people's communication. It deals with pragmatics. Some of the conversational structures consist of features in interrupting, collaborating, and backchannelling (Celce-Murcia, 1995: 14). This research was intended to analyze how the three features were applied in the English conversation by broadcasters and callers in English Corner Program. This research was qualitative. The data consisted of eight conversations. The data were collected through the following steps: recording, transcribing, selecting, and reporting. Then, they were analyzed with conversational approach drawn on Celce Murcia (1995). It was revealed that the broadcasters and callers in the eight conversations used the features of interrupting, collaborating, and backchanneling. They did not fully perform common English expressions and gambits. However, they tended to perform the simpler and easier ones. This implied that the participants have not known the appropriate expressions. Based on the result of this research, it was concluded that the conversations in this study were less structured and patterned. It was suggested for the readers who learn about conversational structure, that they should pay attention not only to the linguistic components, but also the pragmatics in which the English conversation takes place, including participant, context, and topic of a conversation.

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5

Bindels, Mariken. "Chatten in het Onderwijs." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 69 (January 1, 2003): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.69.13bin.

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This study focuses on the analyses of chat logs from chat conversations in which elementary school pupils ask help from their tutors. Starting from the initial observation that chat room communication and telephone conversation have certain obvious similarities I use results of conversation analysis studies into telephone conversations (Schegloff, Hopper, Houtkoop-Steenstra) to research the patterns of chat interaction. This provides me with the opportunity to have a detailed look into the sequence of chat conversations. As regards the theoretical framework of the interaction analyses, it is an interesting finding that technical possibilities of the medium have an influence on the way in which the interaction by participants is structured. For instance, there is less need to go through an identification-frequency in chat communication than there is in telephone conversation. At the same time, the nature of the medium seems to influence the conversation subjects and the way in which the conversation participants interpret an interaction contribution. A pupil who is familiar with commercially available chat software, for instance Microsoft Messenger, has a tendency to bring up informal conversation instead of asking for help.

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6

Shymon, S. "The right to secrecy of telephone conversations in the information society (private law aspects)." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 69 (April 15, 2022): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.69.56.

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The article examines the issues of civil law protection of the secrecy of telephone conversations. It was found that at the level of civil law, as well as legislation governing relations in the field of electronic communications, the right to secrecy of telephone conversations is insufficiently protected. In the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine, the right to secrecy of telephone conversations is erroneously considered as an integral part of the right to secrecy of correspondence and is not mentioned as an independent civil right. The norms of special legislation do not directly enshrine the right to secrecy of telephone conversations; in some cases, the protection of this right is brought to the secondary level, which reduces the level of guarantees of this right. An important deviation of the legislator from the idea of constitutional and legal protection of the right to secrecy of telephone conversations is revealed. Which is manifested in the fact that in special legislation (both at the level of laws and at the level of bylaws) this constitutional right is not related to secrecy and is protected by the protection of confidential information about the subscriber and the services he received or ordered. It is proved that the current civil legislation needs to be improved with the direct consolidation of the right to secrecy of telephone conversations as an independent civil right and appropriate means of its protection. It is proposed to define the content of a person's subjective civil right to secrecy of telephone conversations as a set of powers: the right to keep the content of telephone conversations secret: the right to maintain secrecy regarding other information about the subscriber and his telephone conversations; the right to demand that the necessary measures be taken to ensure the secrecy of telephone conversations; the right to claim the passive conduct of third parties for not violating the secrecy of telephone conversations; the right to protection of the violated secrecy of telephone conversations.

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7

Döpke, Susanne, Anne Brown, Anthony Liddicoat, and Kristina Love. "Closings in talkback radio." Spoken Interaction Studies in Australia 11 (January 1, 1994): 21–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.11.02dop.

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Abstract This paper explores the effects of institutional communication on highly regular casual conversation routines. The institutional environment chosen is radio telephone conversation or talkback radio. Systematic variations from mundane telephone conversations were found in the closing sections and pre-closing environments of radio talkback segments. The variations are discussed in the light of the unequal status and differences in access of the participants, as well as the constraints imposed by the medium, (discourse analysis, broadcasting, talkback, routines, power)

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8

SUN, HAO. "Display and reaffirmation of affect bond and relationship: Invited guessing in Chinese telephone conversations." Language in Society 31, no. 1 (January 2002): 85–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404502001045.

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Анотація:

This article examines an interactive strategy of invited guessing in Chinese telephone conversations. Oriented toward affect bonding between the participants, invited guessing both indexes and strengthens their relationship. Caller identification, typically perceived as a procedural component in telephone conversation, is shown to be constructed as an interactive process serving social functions as well as a discourse-structural function. Its primary purpose is to signify and enhance rapport-building. The observed interactions present patterns of variation from the proposed universal sequence of telephone conversation openings, suggesting that this discourse structure can respond to variables such as the purpose of the interaction and the relationship between participants in the Chinese context. Finally, invited guessing indicates that relationship constitutes an important cultural variable shaping discourse and interaction in Chinese society.

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9

Gusdal, Annelie K., Karin Josefsson, Eva T. Adolfsson, and Lene Martin. "Family Health Conversations Conducted by Telephone in Heart Failure Nursing Care: A Feasibility Study." SAGE Open Nursing 4 (January 2018): 237796081880338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2377960818803383.

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Registered nurses (RNs) in heart failure (HF) nursing care have a key role in providing family support, which positively affects the outcome for the patient. Telephone interventions conducted by RNs have been reported to be successful in HF nursing care, but Family Health Conversations (FamHCs) involving the patient and the family, have not previously been tested. The purpose of the current study was to explore the experiences and feasibility of nurse-led FamHCs conducted by telephone with patients and their family caregivers. A single-group intervention study with a pretest–posttest design was conducted in three regional hospitals that had a nurse-led HF clinic. Five RNs, eight patients, and eight family caregivers participated. Three FamHCs were conducted by telephone with each family every 2 weeks. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through semistructured interviews and questionnaires. FamHCs improved the nurse–family relationships and relationships within the families and provided RNs with new knowledge about the families. FamHCs conducted by telephone were considered to be feasible for both families and RNs, although RNs preferred fewer and shorter FamHCs. The RNs preferred meeting face-to-face with the families as nonverbal communication between the family members could be missed because of lack of visual input. On the other hand, RNs appreciated to focus entirely on the conversation without the need to perform illness-related routine checks. In conclusion, the advantages of FamHCs conducted by telephone outweighed the disadvantages. Visual contact, provided by video telephony, and a shorter version of the tested FamHC would facilitate the use in HF nursing care.

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10

Marsh, John E., Robert Ljung, Helena Jahncke, Douglas MacCutcheon, Florian Pausch, Linden J. Ball, and François Vachon. "Why are background telephone conversations distracting?" Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 24, no. 2 (June 2018): 222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xap0000170.

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11

Towsend, Marvin S. "Portable recording system for telephone conversations." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 87, no. 6 (June 1990): 2807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.398989.

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12

Bangerter, Adrian, Herbert H. Clark, and Anna R. Katz. "Navigating Joint Projects in Telephone Conversations." Discourse Processes 37, no. 1 (January 2004): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15326950dp3701_1.

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13

Gomez Gonzalez, M. d. l. A. "Evaluating lexical cohesion in telephone conversations." Discourse Studies 12, no. 5 (September 28, 2010): 599–623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445610371052.

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14

Thörle, Britta. "Turn openings in L2 French." Discourse Markers in Second Language Acquisition / Les marqueurs discursifs dans l’acquisition d’une langue étrangère 7, no. 1 (August 12, 2016): 117–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lia.7.1.05tho.

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Анотація:

In this contribution we will analyze a corpus of telephone conversations between German students of French and native speakers from an interactional linguistic point of view. The study is based on a corpus of ten formal conversations performed as role play between German university students and native speakers of French. Taking an interactional approach, the use of discourse markers will be described as a situated activity of learners who use the resources at their disposal to accomplish conversational tasks. The analysis will concentrate on the accomplishment of turn openings and point out the dynamic nature of the use of discourse markers in exolingual interaction. During the conversations, learners employ forms already available in their repertoire as discourse markers, they use the interlocutor’s example as a model, and they develop their own routines. Against this background, certain characteristics of discourse markers in L2 can be described as the result of communication and acquisition strategies that allow learners to maintain the conversation as well as to build, expand or adjust their repertoire.

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15

Filimonov, Andrey, Aleksey Osipov, Ekaterina Pleshakova, and Sergey Gataullin. "NEURAL NETWORK METHODS FOR RECOGNIZING SPEECH EMOTIONS TO COUNTER FRAUD IN TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS." Voprosy kiberbezopasnosti, no. 6(52) (2022): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21681/2311-3456-2022-6-83-92.

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Анотація:

The purpose of the article is to develop a method for detecting fraud in telecommunication systems based on the analysis of the content of a telephone conversation, based on the use of neural network methods for recognizing speech emotions. Research methods: analysis of the frequency characteristics of text representations of conversations with scammers and the dynamics of their change, analysis of the occurrence of keywords. Result: a new approach to detecting fraud in telecommunications systems based on the analysis of the emotional and semantic components of dialogues with fraudsters using neural networks and association rules is proposed. A generalized scheme of the method for detecting signs of fraud in telephone conversations is described. A scalable approach to identifying suspicious phrases based on the Apriori association rule search algorithm is proposed. A multicomponent neural network with a differentiated architecture has been created. A study was conducted on how the emotional component of dialogues with scammers changes in dynamics, in order to identify typical patterns of emotional pressure. A software prototype has been created that allows you to assess the presence / absence of emotional pressure in a conversation with scammers and assess whether the conversation is suspicious or not. The accuracy of the proposed method for detecting telephone fraudsters was evaluated. Scientific novelty: a new natural language processing technology based on artificial intelligence methods is proposed.

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16

Park, Chan-Wook. "Some suggestions for organizing conversation on Chinese textbook: Focused on telephone conversations." Chinese Language Education and Research 12 (November 30, 2010): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24285/cler.2010.11.12.71.

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17

Karčić, Hikmet. "Percepcija stvaranje ‘Muslimanske države’ u presretnutim telefonskim razgovorima između srpske političke elite 1991-1992." Historijski pogledi 5, no. 8 (November 15, 2022): 350–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2022.5.8.350.

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During 1991, the security services of Bosnia and Herzegovina began to monitor the telephone conversations of high-ranking officials of the Serbian Democratic Party (SDS). These recorded conversations reveal part of the truth to the preparations for the war and the genocide that followed. Intercepted conversations also show the connections that Serbian officials in Bosnia and Herzegovina had with Belgrade, that is, with Slobodan Milošević and other officials of the Yugoslav leadership. These conversations were recorded until the beginning of the aggression, that is, until they left the territory of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina in March and April 1992, by persons whose phones were tapped. This paper will deal with conversations that were recorded in the period from May 1991 to March 1992. One of the most common topics of these conversations was the issue of Islam, that is, the thematization of terms such as „Islamic Republic“, „Islamic Declaration“, „Islamic way of life“, „Islamic fundamentalism“, etc. The paper shows how the Serbian political elite used this terminology to instill fear in public opinion, but to a certain extent they also believed that an increased birth rate would lead to the establishment of a Muslim-majority state. For the purposes of writing this paper, research was done on primary sources, i.e. transcripts of intercepted conversations. The transcripts were used as evidence by the Prosecutor's Office of the Hague Tribunal during the trial of high-ranking Serbian officials. In addition to the research, sorting and analysis of the transcripts, this paper will also identify the most prominent participants in the conversation of the Serbian leadership. Also, given the aforementioned specificity of telephone conversations through their private nature, it is possible to dissect important topics in the conversations, which are often not military and political, and will contribute to finding additional answers. This makes these conversations even more important because they show a more intimate side of the genocidal strategist. Participants such as high-ranking officials Slobodan Milošević, Radovan Karadžić, Biljana Plavšić, Nikola Koljević, Momčilo Krajišnik, Dobrica Čosić and others, shows what and how those at the top thought in their private telephone conversations in those days in 1991 and 1992. On the other hand, through the conversations, one can see how well the SDS leadership managed the situation on the ground. Low-ranking figures who performed various political and social tasks such as Todor Dutin, director of the SRNA, Rajko Dukić, president of the SDS Executive Committee and a local strongman in Milići appear in the conversations; Vojo Kuprešanin, member of the Main Board of SDS and a key man in Krajina; Vitomir Žepinić, Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina; Radoslav Brđanin, head of the Autonomous Region of Krajina, Zvonko Bajagić, a prominent member of the SDS in Vlasenica, Gojko Đogo, writer and essayist, a close friend of Karadžić, Momčilo Momo Mandić, Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina and later wartime Minister of Justice of the so-called „Republic Serbian“,; Trifko Komad, head of Radovan Karadžić's Cabinet and member of the SDS Main Board and many others. Also, what is important to mention is the visible 'radicalization' of the participants in the talks. As the political situation on the ground worsened, hate speech and threats became more frequent and serious. This paper aims to further approach this important topic of intercepted conversations and to popularize its greater use in scientific research works. With the advancement of technology and means of communication, the primary sources for research are slowly shifting and taking on a new look. Thus, this paper also tries to analyze these intercepted conversations to give some insight into the complexity of understanding the genocidal intentions of the Bosnian Serb leadership.

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18

Sun, Hao. "Opening moves in informal Chinese telephone conversations." Journal of Pragmatics 36, no. 8 (August 2004): 1429–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2004.01.007.

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19

Kenny, Patrick, Douglas Reynolds, and Fabio Castaldo. "Diarization of Telephone Conversations Using Factor Analysis." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 4, no. 6 (December 2010): 1059–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2010.2081790.

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20

Borlongan, Ariane, and Wilkinson Daniel Gonzales. "Openings of telephone conversations in Philippine English." Asian Journal of English Language Studies 5 (December 31, 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.59960/5.a1.

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21

Verezubenko, M. M. "SPECIFICITY OF INTERPRETATION: FEATURES OF TELEPHONE CONVERSATIONS." Тrаnscarpathian Philological Studies, no. 35 (2024): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/tps2663-4880/2024.35.33.

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22

Varonis, Evangeline Marlos, and Susan M. Gass. "Miscommunication in native/nonnative conversation." Language in Society 14, no. 3 (September 1985): 327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500011295.

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ABSTRACTIn this paper we discuss miscommunication in exchanges between native speakers and nonnative speakers of a language, focusing on an analysis of a service encounter telephone conversation between a nonnative speaker and a native speaker television repair shop employee. We present a goal-based model of conversation and a coding system for interpreting utterances, both of which are necessary for understanding the type of miscommunication which occurred in the conversation described herein. We argue that the lack of shared background on the part of the interlocutors interacted with their lack of shared linguistic code. In general, such interactions hinder successful communication and increase the probability that the miscommunication will not be recognized and thus not easily resolved. We show that a complete analysis of native/nonnative conversations must minimally invoke notions of correct interpretation, confidence in interpretation, goals of a conversation, shared beliefs, and linguistic as well as cultural systems. (Sociolinguistics, nonnative interactions, conversational analysis, American English)

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23

Garnert, Jan. "Telefoner och telefonsamtal." Kulturella Perspektiv – Svensk etnologisk tidskrift 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.54807/kp.v10.31249.

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Анотація:

The article presents and discusses Jan Garnert's research project "Calling for a Meaning", in which he investigates the cultural history of telephony, i.e. the cultural and social meanings of telephone calls. This is done in two case studies. The first case study takes its starting point in Stockholm in the 1870's, a time when people in order to communicate as a rule had to meet in person. The introduction of the telephone changed this basis for human networks and social interaction in the 1880's by making it possible to engage in conversations even with persons in places out of earshot. What meanings did this technological change have for people's understanding of time and space and for their social relations? The second case study explores the last two decades of the 20th century when telephones more and more were connected to individuals, and not to places. What meanings did this have for the perceptions and uses of time and space? What will it mean for networks among friends, family relations, and business connections?

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24

Pu, Zhenxiao. "“Ye Bu Shi (Shuo) Bu + Partial Repetition of the Prior Turn” at the Second Assessment Position." Journal of Linguistics and Communication Studies 3, no. 1 (March 2024): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/jlcs.2024.03.17.

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This research adopts conversation analysis as its research methodology and selects daily telephone conversations as the research objects. Finding that “ye bu shi (shuo) bu + partial repetition of the prior turn” at the second assessment position is a kind of conversational practice used by communicators in Chinese daily conversation to start a turn of which the stance conflicting with that of another speaker. The conventional practice shows that the speaker responding to the initial assessment not only maintains the alignment of the initiator’s structure, but also expresses the disaffiliative stance about the referent in the assessment sequence. Compared with the direct expression of disacceptance or dissatisfaction with the evaluation object, the speaker of “ye bu shi (shuo) bu+ partial repetition of the prior turn” not only euphemistically shows his emotional stance, but also maintains the harmonious interpersonal relationship between the two parties.

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25

Payton, Gaea M., Jen McLachlan, Brandy Weiss, and Mo Rahman. "Telephony Speech-To-Text: An Adequate Analog to Internet Protocol Caption Telephone Services." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601515.

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Анотація:

Hearing loss is an invisible but significant barrier in daily life, including telephone conversations. Internet Protocol Caption Telephone Services (IP CTS) is a telecommunications relay service for an individual who can speak, but who has difficulty hearing over the telephone. An individual can use a telephone and an IP-enabled device to listen to the other party and simultaneously read transcriptions of the other party’s words. This article presents the results from a usability assessment of IP CTS devices and alternative speech recognition technologies to provide qualitative and quantitative measures for device and caption performance. The results demonstrate that there is at least one automatic Speech-To-Text (STT) engine that is equivalent or better than three of the four currently available IP CTS devices at producing an accurate, expedient, and usable service.

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26

Nunn, Samuel. "‘Wanna still nine hard?’: Exploring Mechanisms of Police Bias in the Translation and Interpretation of Wiretap Conversations." Surveillance & Society 8, no. 1 (November 16, 2009): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v8i1.3472.

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Анотація:

Wiretaps permit police to intercept telephone conversations among targets of investigation, some of which are judged to be incriminating by those listening to the real-time conversations. How is the information intercepted from wiretaps interpreted, understood, and used? What is required to transform raw communications intercepts into evidence of probable cause? Forensic linguists have studied transcripts of intercepted conversations, focusing on the wiretap entextualization process—that is, the ways in which intercepted conversations are classified as incriminating, and converted into evidence of crimes. They hypothesize the wiretap entextualization process is prejudiced in favor of police theories of criminal actions. This paper considers forensic linguists’ police bias arguments, and offers details into mechanisms that create police predispositions to interpret conversations intercepted under a wiretap order as crimes. The analysis applies Shuy’s (2005) conversational strategies to create crime to nine conversations intercepted in a federal wiretap. Transcripts are examined by comparing conversations with their police translations. Findings suggest police bias is embedded deeply into wiretap operations, and that there are several means by which police preconceptions of crime undergird wiretap transcripts.

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27

Pouw, Wim, and Judith Holler. "Timing in conversation is dynamically adjusted turn by turn in dyadic telephone conversations." Cognition 222 (May 2022): 105015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105015.

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28

Kumar, D. Ganesh, and Akshay Douglas Gudinho. "Consensus Ad Idem: A Plea for Objectivity in Telephonic Contracts." Christ University Law Journal 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12728/culj.10.3.

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Анотація:

Consensus Ad Idem, legally defined as „meeting of minds‟, at the time of the formation of a contract, warrants a cardinal jurisprudential question which transcends its mere literal meaning. In Indian Contract Law, the trend has followed the test of objectivity, whereby it is not the actual intent of the party or parties that enter into the contract that is the subject of judicial evaluation, but it is what a reasonable man would deliberate in the peculiar circumstances of the case. However, the evaluation of telephonic conversations merit intrinsic jurisprudential insight. While applying the objective test, the questions that arise are - is there legal certainty of assent to a contract over telephonic conversations i.e. whether there is free consent. Do the parties have the capacity to contract over telephone? What are the liabilities of the telephone operator and his legal bond to the contract between two or more contracting parties? Does it amount to violation of the fundamental rights to freedom of speech and expression and the right to privacy? The authors attempt to provide an objective analysis of communication in contracts over telephonic means and the constitutional environment embedded therein. To this end, a plea for due diligence prior to the formation of telephonic contracts shall be made in order to bring objectivity to the judicial evaluation of telephonic contracts.

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Huang, Shu-Yu. "Mandarin telephone closings among familiars." Applied Pragmatics 2, no. 2 (August 17, 2020): 199–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ap.19017.hua.

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Abstract This study compared Mandarin phone closings among familiars in natural conversations with those in Chinese learning textbooks. The natural data was drawn from the CALLFRIEND Mandarin Chinese Corpus (Canavan & Zipperlen, 1996a, 1996b), while the textbook dialogues were extracted from 20 series published in the United States, China, and Taiwan. Based on Button’s (1987) framework, this article adopted corpus-based research to analyze the structural pattern and the linguistic features of closings. It found that Chinese phone closings generally consisted of much repetition and thus were more complex than the archetype Button proposed, which suggests that reaching a mutual agreement is essential in Chinese telephone closings. The pattern of a closing depends on whether the caller is calling to catch up with the recipient or if they have a specific purpose. Common tokens for initiating closings such as jiu zheyang, hao, and xing and relation-enhancing expressions were also identified. However, the current research revealed that most textbook dialogues except for unscripted dialogues do not reflect these characteristics. Therefore, this study argues for the inclusion of unscripted dialogues and instructions that direct learners’ attention to the conversational management of phone closings in Chinese learning textbooks.

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Reed-Guy, Lauren, Tyler D. Alexander, Gregory Biggiani, Stephen P. Miranda, and Nina O'Connor. "Serious illness communication practices in glioblastoma care at an academic medical center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 31_suppl (November 1, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.31_suppl.28.

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28 Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain tumor with a disease course marked by both cognitive and physical decline. Early conversations about end-of-life (EOL) preferences are important given the average life expectancy of 14 months. Little is known about patterns of communication in GBM. Objective: To describe current practices surrounding EOL conversations in GBM patients at an academic medical center. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 240 patients treated for GBM at the University of Pennsylvania who died between 2017 and 2019. We systematically identified and characterized EOL conversations, as defined by documented discussions of prognosis, goals of care, EOL planning and/or code status. Results: Patients in this study were predominantly male, white, privately insured and had relatively high performance status (median KPS 80 at initiation of therapy). Median survival was 487 days and 96% of patients received both chemotherapy and radiation. Nearly all patients (96%) had at least one EOL conversation documented. The median number of documented conversations per patient was 4. The first EOL conversation occurred at a median of 24 days after diagnosis (range 0 to 3,883) and 362 days before death (0 to 2,401). The last EOL conversation occurred at a median of 32 days before death (0 to 1,514). EOL conversations took place earlier among older patients, with each additional year of age at diagnosis associated with a first conversation 8 days earlier (95% CI: -12 to -4 days; p<0.01). At least one EOL conversation occurred at an outpatient visit for 89% of patients; 33% had conversations during hospital admissions; and 38% had EOL conversations via telephone. Medical oncology was the most common specialty to document EOL conversations (89% of patients), followed by palliative care (19%), radiation oncology (13%) and neurosurgery (10%). Conclusions: EOL conversations appear to have occurred relatively early and often, but further work is needed to evaluate the quality of documented discussions and to determine whether this pattern is unique to this single center or widespread. The variety in provider specialty and conversation setting reflects the complexity of the care environment in GBM.

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31

Llorens, Mairym. "Distributional patterning of reflex cough during telephone conversations." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 144, no. 3 (September 2018): 1903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5068337.

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32

Lansdown, Terry C., and Amanda N. Stephens. "Couples, contentious conversations, mobile telephone use and driving." Accident Analysis & Prevention 50 (January 2013): 416–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2012.05.015.

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33

Liang, Anita. "Pauses in Face-to-Face and Telephone Conversations." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 19, no. 1 (June 25, 1993): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v19i1.1519.

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34

Vilstrup, Emil, Dennis Schou Graversen, Linda Huibers, Morten Bondo Christensen, and Anette Fischer Pedersen. "Communicative characteristics of general practitioner-led and nurse-led telephone triage at two Danish out-of-hours services: an observational study of 200 recorded calls." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (June 2019): e028434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028434.

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ObjectivesOut-of-hours (OOH) telephone triage is used to manage patient flow, but knowledge of the communicative skills of telephone triagists is limited. The aims of this study were to compare communicative parameters in general practitioner (GP)-led and nurse-led OOH telephone triage and to discuss differences in relation to patient-centred communication and safety issues.DesignObservational study.SettingTwo Danish OOH settings: a large-scale general practitioner cooperative in the Central Denmark Region (n=100 GP-led triage conversations) and Medical Helpline 1813 in the Capital Region of Denmark (n=100 nurse-led triage conversations with use of a clinical decision support system).Participants200 audio-recorded telephone triage conversations randomly selected.Primary and secondary outcome measuresConversations were compared with regard to length of call, distribution of speaking time, question types, callers’ expression of negative affect, and nurses’ and GPs’ responses to callers’ negative affectivity using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Student’s t-test.ResultsCompared with GPs, nurses had longer telephone contacts (137s vs 264 s, p=0.001) and asked significantly more questions (5 vs 9 questions, p=0.001). In 36% of nurse-led triage conversations, triage nurses either transferred the call to a physician or had to confer the call with a physician. Nurses gave the callers significantly more spontaneous talking time than GPs (23.4s vs 17.9 s, p=0.01). Compared with nurses, GPs seemed more likely to give an emphatic response when a caller spontaneously expressed concern; however, this difference was not statistically significant (36% vs 29%, p=0.6).ConclusionsWhen comparing communicative parameters in GP-led and nurse-led triage, several differences were observed. However, the impact of these differences in the perspective of patient-centred communication and safety needs further research. More knowledge is needed to determine what characterises good quality in telephone triage communication.

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35

Evertse, Judith. "Ff B@bbelen." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 73 (January 1, 2005): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.73.03eve.

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The development of the Internet has set up a brand new text form, the so-called digital conversations. With computer programmes like MSN Messenger, it is possible to communicate electronically with friends and relatives. These chat conversations contain both oral and literate characteristics; in this sense, the digital texts represent a kind of hybrid language form. To determine the position of the digital texts amongst their oral and written counterparts, it is necessary to create an overview of the stylistic relations between these three contemporary genres. Within the current study, I have compared the usage of the Dutch language within MSN-conversations, e-mails, and transcribed telephone conversations on the basis of several linguistic-stylistic dimensions. It turned out that there were eight of these components on which significant stylistic differences exist between the three modes. An important finding is that e-mails have an informational structure, in contrast to the telephone conversations, that are characterized by a highly involved style; within the digital conversations these two styles are mixed. On two other dimensions, the MSN-conversations distinguish themselves from both the written and oral modes by an increased use of popular or minimising expressions and time references.

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Larin, Dmitriy A. "INVENTION OF THE TELEPHONE AND FIRST PROJECTS IN THE SPHERE OF TELEPHONE CONVERSATIONS PROTECTION." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Records Management and Archival Studies. Computer Science. Data Protection and Information Security, no. 2 (2017): 112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6371-2017-2-112-126.

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37

Saeed, Binin Mustafa, and Asst Prof Dr Lanja A. Dabbagh. "Opening Conversations, Closing Conversations, and Telephone Calls in Six of Roald Dahl's Children Stories." Anbar University Journal of Languages & Literature 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 267–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37654/aujll.2022.170707.

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38

Schoenenberg, Katrin, Alexander Raake, Sebastian Egger, and Raimund Schatz. "On interaction behaviour in telephone conversations under transmission delay." Speech Communication 63-64 (September 2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.04.005.

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39

Lázaro Gutiérrez, Raquel. "Telephone interpreting and roadside assistance." Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 5, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 215–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00033.laz.

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Abstract The study of dialogue interpreting, particularly over the phone, has been traditionally undertaken under the scope of public service interpreting. However, telephone interpreting nowadays is becoming popular in other settings, such as in the domain of roadside assistance. The aim of this contribution is to present the initial steps of a research project about telephone interpreting and roadside assistance. The methodology, based on corpus and discourse analysis, is described and preliminary findings are offered, which confirm the existence of a common structure for interpreter-mediated conversations between insurance agents and clients.

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40

Chao, Geng. "An Overview of “Turns” in Conversation Analysis." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 9, no. 4 (December 2023): 530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2023.9.6.465.

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Conversation Analysis (CA) derives from the 1970s, which was put forward by Sacks, Schegloff, and Jefferson for the sack of analyzing institutional talk, e.g., business negotiation discourse, and doctor-patient communication discourse and telephone conversations. Currently, it has become the most favorable and effective method to analyze interactive discourse. As the essential part of CA, the “turn” is the foundation of all the research, carrying talk information and social rules in interaction that plays an essential role in guiding the outcome of conversations in social communication. The thesis made classification, summaries and reviews on studies of “turns” in conversation to explores the orientation of “turn” in conversation by specifying the aspects of turn-taking, allocating, and repairing to make an overview of turn in conversation analysis and provide a spark for further study in the field. The overview helped to recognize current status and make a new attempt. It was revealed that studies of “turns” in conversation analysis are widely applied in healthcare, patient-to-doctor interaction in particular; during analysis of conversation, timespan and manners of participants were mainly focused. The thesis discovered a fact that studies of “turns” on on-line interaction is insufficient, which is significant under the current situation.

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41

Bailey, Benjamin. "Mandarin learners’ (L2) comprehension of zero anaphora in Mandarin phone conversations." Chinese as a Second Language Research 4, no. 2 (October 1, 2015): 195–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/caslar-2015-0011.

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AbstractThis article analyzes patterns of comprehension of zero anaphor by native-English-speaker learners of Mandarin in recordings and transcriptions of four naturally occurring Mandarin telephone conversations. Because many anaphoric pronouns have no overt expression in Mandarin, comprehension of even basic clause constituents of Mandarin texts can require discourse-level inferencing that English does not require. Despite these differences between English and Mandarin, intermediate to advanced level Mandarin learners in this study were able to successfully interpret and translate zero anaphor in these telephone conversation texts about 72% of the time. The greatest difficulties with zero anaphor were related to a) instances in which the initial, explicitly expressed antecedent was misinterpreted, and b) shifts in footing, or verbal activity, in which speakers moved, for example, from narrative description to direct address of interlocutor or personal evaluation of a situation just described. These patterns suggest that greater awareness of discourse level structures in naturally occurring verbal interaction – which could be taught through explicit instruction – might help intermediate and advanced Mandarin learners to correctly interpret a broader range of zero anaphora.

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42

Stark, Anthony, Izhak Shafran, and Jeffrey Kaye. "Inferring social nature of conversations from words: Experiments on a corpus of everyday telephone conversations." Computer Speech & Language 28, no. 1 (January 2014): 224–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csl.2013.06.003.

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43

Cutting, James E. "Evolution of the Depiction of Telephone Calls in Popular Movies." Projections 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/proj.2022.160201.

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Since Aristotle, tradition has it that stories are defined as unified wholes, divisible into smaller inter-related parts. In many narrative forms these parts are called scenes. Scenes, too, are regarded as wholes, typically unified on three grounds: a constancy of characters and location within a continuous time frame. Generally, if a storyteller changes one or more of these, the story has moved on to the next scene. But this rule is not universal. The most obvious exception in movies is the telephone call, which can change locations to accommodate images of the two conversing characters. Here, I explore a century’s worth of popular, English-language movies to discern how two-sided telephone conversations (which violate spatial unity) are portrayed on the screen, and how they compare to face-to-face conversations (which do not violate spatial unity) in the same movies. The portrayal of both types of conversations has evolved, sometimes independently and sometimes in synchrony, and popular filmmaking has arrived circuitously at a system in which both are generally portrayed in the same way—two characters in alternating shots, slightly to opposite sides of the midline and turned towards one another. I discuss the social and psychological reasons why this might be the case.

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44

Douglas-Cowie, Ellen, and Roddy Cowie. "Intonational Settings as Markers of Discourse Units in Telephone Conversations." Language and Speech 41, no. 3-4 (July 1998): 351–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002383099804100406.

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45

Kloesz, Gary, and Dennis Morgan. "Hands Free Telephone Conversations are Simplified Using New Integrated Circuits." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics CE-31, no. 3 (August 1985): 552–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.1985.289970.

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46

Karlsson, Susanna. "Transfer of telephone conversations as a transition between call-takers." Journal of Pragmatics 96 (April 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2016.02.005.

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47

James, S., and S. M. Brumfitt. "Factors influencing stutterers' and nonstutterers' perceptions of successful telephone conversations." Journal of Fluency Disorders 25, no. 3 (September 2000): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-730x(00)80339-3.

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48

Ben-Harush, Oshry, Ortal Ben-Harush, Itshak Lapidot, and Hugo Guterman. "Initialization of Iterative-Based Speaker Diarization Systems for Telephone Conversations." IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 20, no. 2 (February 2012): 414–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasl.2011.2161079.

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49

Hudock, Daniel, and Joseph Kalinowski. "Stuttering inhibition via altered auditory feedback during scripted telephone conversations." International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders 49, no. 1 (August 30, 2013): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12053.

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50

Berth, Christiane. "Interrupted Conversations: Gender and Telephone Use in Mexico, 1930s–70s." Technology and Culture 64, no. 1 (January 2023): 124–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2023.0004.

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