Статті в журналах: "Technological Surface"

1

Deaconescu, Andrea, and Tudor Deaconescu. "Plane surface lapping technological processor." MATEC Web of Conferences 343 (2021): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134302002.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

To date lapping as a finishing process of part surfaces lacks an underlying digital knowledge base. This is due to the complex interlinking of the numerous parameters that influence the results of machining. Starting from here the paper argues improved process planning and machining process optimization by presenting a new modelling algorithm of lapping and a software tool designed as a support for lapping machine operators. The proposed computer programme enables automated planning of machining and can be deployed for studies related to the influence of various work parameters on the quality criteria targeted by machining.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

2

Jiang, X. Jane, and David J. Whitehouse. "Technological shifts in surface metrology." CIRP Annals 61, no. 2 (2012): 815–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2012.05.009.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

3

Sýkorová, Libuše, Jana Knedlová, Vladimír Pata, and Milena Kubišová. "Technological Parameters and PMMA Surface Structure." Manufacturing Technology 18, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 856–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21062/ujep/190.2018/a/1213-2489/mt/18/5/856.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

4

Rakhimyanov, A. Kh, Yu S. Semenova, and A. A. Zhivaga. ""TECHNOLOGICAL MODES FOR ULTRASONIC SURFACE HARDENING." Vestnik of Kuzbass State Technical University 18, no. 2 (2018): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.26730/1999-4125-2018-2-84-92.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

5

Yates, John T. "Surface ChemistryAdvances and Technological Impact 1996." Chemical Reviews 96, no. 4 (January 1996): 1221–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr960058p.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

6

Rakhmyanov, Kharis, Julia Semyonova, and Anna Eryomina. "Technological Peculiarities Providing the Surface Quality Parameters at Ultrasonic Surface Hardening." Applied Mechanics and Materials 698 (December 2014): 482–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.698.482.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper presents technological limitations on processing modes that are caused by the need to provide the required quality parameters of machine part surfaces. We consider the peculiarities of the surface material behavior when processed by ultrasonic surface hardening, and show the causes of defects appearing in plastic deformation and the ways of their elimination.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

7

Varga, Gyula. "Effects of Technological Parameters on the Surface Texture of Burnished Surfaces." Key Engineering Materials 581 (October 2013): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.581.403.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In this study we analysed the process of diamond burnishing. We examined the effect of burnishing technological parameters on the surface roughness of the burnished surface, and on the improvement ratio of surface roughness. Parameters taking into consideration during examinations are burnishing speed, burnishing feed, and burnishing force. We determined a formula suitable for determination of the improvement ratio of surface roughness by the Factorial Experimental Design which is valid in the examined parameter range.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

8

Нагоркин, Максим, Maksim Nagorkin, Владимир Федоров, Vladimir Fedorov, Игорь Пыриков, Igor Pyrikov, Михаил Топорков, and Mihail Toporkov. "REGULATIONS OF ROUGHNESS PARAMETERS FOR MACHINERY FUNCTIONAL SURFACES IN TECHNOLOGICAL DOCUMENTATION." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2019, no. 3 (March 27, 2019): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5c8b5ce9c06c31.07069800.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

On the basis of the probability theory approach to the formation of surface roughness parameters in machinery during machining there is offered an algorithmic solution of an urgent problem of the regulations of roughness parameters for machinery functional surfaces in technological documentation. The algorithmic solutions for the following parameter versions are developed (RSS 2.309-73): the highest value; the smallest value; a value range; a rated value with ultimate deviations; an indication of two and more parameters. The theoretical investigation results may serve as a starting point for the further development of theory and practice for the technological support of roughness parameters in machinery functional surfaces with the required reliability. Foe a wide actual realization of investigation results the solution of a number of problems is needed: 1) the development of standards or guide information on the regulations in technological documentation of required technological values of roughness parameters; 2) the further development of investigations in the field of technological support reliability of quality parame-ters (including roughness) of blank surfaces in the course of machining in technologically flexible systems.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

9

Filatova, E. O., and A. S. Shulakov. "Glass Surface Atomic Structure after Technological Treatments." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 169, no. 2 (February 1995): 361–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1995.1044.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

10

Firsov, Alexander, Alexander Qvcharenko, Alexander Romashev, Vitaly Smirnov, and Aleksey Kamardin. "Boring a Discontinuous Surface: the Choice of Technological Modes." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929701009.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The article deals with issues related to ensuring the quality of machining of a discontinuous surface. The subject of research is the technology of boring holes. Machining holes with intermittent areas on the surface is difficult due to the occurrence of dynamic effects. As a rule, regulatory and technical documentation does not give specific recommendations for such cases. The authors of the article describe the introduction of additional conditions, which allow determining the modes of boring holes with intermittent areas on the surface at the design stage of the technological process. This solution ensures that the part meets the specified quality requirements and allows you to verify the correctness of the technological decisions. The algorithm for selecting boring modes of holes with discontinuous surfaces implements the proposed technical solution in practice.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

11

Киричек, Андрей, Andrey Kirichek, Олег Федонин, Oleg Fedonin, Дмитрий Петрешин, and Dmitriy Petreshin. "Technological increase of machinery operation properties." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2018, no. 4 (April 19, 2018): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5aacd858c344d8.93651834.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Manufacturing technology impact upon quality parameters of a surface layer and ensuring machinery operation properties is considered. An impact upon operation properties not only of modes, but also a technological method of machining, even at ensuring similar parameters of the surface layer quality is emphasized. The impact of a surface strengthening depth and a structure of a supporting layer upon hard-loaded product operation is estimated. A multi-layer organization of surface layers and sublayers, the formation of heterogeneous structures, thin surface layer nano-structuring are recommended. There are shown advantages of surface deformation strengthening including the use of a deformation wave in combination with the further chemical-thermal treatment of material. The prospects of wave deformation strengthening use in additive technologies of the direct layer-by-layer synthesis of parts in science intensive products are revealed.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

12

Cukanov, Ivan. "Technological improvement of the durability of internal screw surfaces." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2021, no. 9 (September 13, 2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/2223-4608-2021-9-19-25.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The methods and some ways of technological improvement of the durability of internal screw surfaces are given. To increase the durability, finishing and strengthening machining with surface plastic deformation and threading with a cutter of a variable average diameter are proposed. The dependences for the specification of machining modes and the results of experimental studies of the screw surface quality parameters and wear resistance of running nuts are given.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

13

Krolczyk, Grzegorz M., Stanislaw Legutko, and Radoslaw W. Maruda. "Influence of Technological Cutting Parameters on Surface Texture of Austenitic Stainless Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 693 (December 2014): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.693.430.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The paper presents the contribution in engineering of surfaces particularly in surface texture of Austenitic Stainless Steels. The objective of the investigation was to determine the surface texture of austenitic stainless steel after turning with coated carbide tool point. The investigation included geometrical parameters of Surface Integrity for different technological cutting parameters in dry turning process of austenitic stainless steel. The article presents the surface roughness parameters with the roughness profiles (irregular slopes). The percentage of isotropic surfaces and Bearing Area of Primary Model. Analyses were performed for variable cutting parameters. An Infinite Focus Measurement Machine (IFM) was used for the surface texture analysis. The study was performed within a production facility during the machining of electric motor parts and deep-well pumps.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

14

Kusyi, Yaroslav, Oleh Lychak, Volodymyr Topilnytskyy, and Miroslav Bošanský. "Development of the finishing and strengthening technological operations using SADT-technologies." Ukrainian journal of mechanical engineering and materials science 5, no. 3-4 (2019): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ujmems2019.03-04.057.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The rational design of technological processes of parts manufacturing in single and small-scale production is inefficient without wide introduction of modern tools of part manufacturing automation with modern computer-based equipment and software. It is desirable to carry out of automated synthesis of single route technological processes with minimal influence of the operator on the technological environment. The technology of computer-aided design of technological processes is used to develop effective algorithms of functioning of adapted systems for control of technological processes and their implementation when taking into account interrelations with the technological environment. Automated development of technological environments of a given level of design concerning a dedicated technical system is possible on the basis of their rational functional models, created by means of CALS-technologies. The rational use of the SADT methodology with application of the principle of decomposition and development of the SADT-diagrams allows to solve the given technical problems. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop and study the vibrational-centrifugal surface strengthening at the finishing and hardening technological operation to provide the required quality parameters and operational characteristics of the parts. The object of this research is a finishing and hardening technological operation. The subject of this research is method and parameters of vibrational-centrifugal surface strengthening to provide the required quality parameters and operational characteristics of the parts. The development of SADT diagrams allows to divide the technological process to technological operations, cutter–setting positions, technological steps, main machining steps etc. In this paper the principles of control of technological operation for vibration-centrifugal strengthening of surfaces of parts are suggested. The experimental device for machining of inner surfaces of parts is described. The initial and detailed model of the operation of the vibrational-centrifugal strengthening is offered. Statistical and structural analysis of technological process made it possible to establish the influence of the parameters of the vibrational-centrifugal strengthening on the geometric and physical-mechanical parameters of the surface quality and associated operational characteristics. Further research in that field will be related on the development of practical recommendations for using of the vibrational-centrifugal surface treatment for improving of the geometric and physical and mechanical parameters of parts surfaces.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

15

Sharma, Vipul, Suneel Kumar, Kumbam Lingeshwar Reddy, Ashish Bahuguna, and Venkata Krishnan. "Bioinspired Functional Surfaces for Technological Applications." Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials 04, no. 01 (March 2016): 1640006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251237316400062.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Biological matters have been in continuous encounter with extreme environmental conditions leading to their evolution over millions of years. The fittest have survived through continuous evolution, an ongoing process. Biological surfaces are the important active interfaces between biological matters and the environment, and have been evolving over time to a higher state of intelligent functionality. Bioinspired surfaces with special functionalities have grabbed attention in materials research in the recent times. The microstructures and mechanisms behind these functional biological surfaces with interesting properties have inspired scientists to create artificial materials and surfaces which possess the properties equivalent to their counterparts. In this review, we have described the interplay between unique multiscale (micro- and nano-scale) structures of biological surfaces with intrinsic material properties which have inspired researchers to achieve the desired wettability and functionalities. Inspired by naturally occurring surfaces, researchers have designed and fabricated novel interfacial materials with versatile functionalities and wettability, such as superantiwetting surfaces (superhydrophobic and superoleophobic), omniphobic, switching wettability and water collecting surfaces. These strategies collectively enable functional surfaces to be utilized in different applications such as fog harvesting, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), catalysis, sensing and biological applications. This paper delivers a critical review of such inspiring biological surfaces and artificial bioinspired surfaces utilized in different applications, where material science and engineering have merged by taking inspiration from the natural systems.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

16

Somorjai, Gabor A. "From Surface Materials to Surface Technologies." MRS Bulletin 23, no. 5 (May 1998): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400030396.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The following article is an edited version of the Von Hippel Award address, given by recipient Gabor A. Somorjaiat the 1997 MRS Fall Meeting. Somorjai received the Materials Research Society's highest honor for “his extraordinary multidisciplinary contributions to the atomic-level understanding of materials surfaces and surface processes with technological importance in hetergeneous catalysis, corrosion, and tribology.”

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

17

Hohlov, Viktor. "Technological support of selective transfer on friction surface." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2021, no. 5 (May 30, 2021): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/2223-4608-2021-5-35-39.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Dependences for the computation of roughness parameters and their technological support essential for selective transfer on friction surfaces are offered. Processing methods which should be used for their fulfillment are shown.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

18

Хохлов, Виктор, and Viktor Hohlov. "COMPUTATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS PARAMETERS FOR TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2018, no. 12 (December 18, 2018): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5c0f808a60fdc8.36126307.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

19

Kuzyakov, O. N., M. A. Andreeva, and U. V. Lapteva. "Elaborating Surface Topology Control System for Technological Objects." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 221 (July 21, 2017): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/221/1/012024.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

20

Oosaki, Hikaru, Mamoru Muroka, Shigeru matsushima, Keiichi Hasegawa, Yukio Uchiyama, and Masaru Momose. "Technological evaluation of rectal cancer by using endorectal surface coil." Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology 52, no. 10 (1996): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.kj00001353805.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

21

Dyl, T. "The influence of burnishing parameters on the hardness and roughness on the surface layer stainless steel." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 2, no. 82 (June 1, 2017): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2356.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Purpose: The aim of the study was description to the influence of technological parameters of burnishing process on the degree of relative strain hardening and surface roughness reduction ratio. Design/methodology/approach: Burnishing process carried out for stainless steels X2CrNiMo17-12-2. After the experimental research, it was determined that there was an increase in hardness and a decrease in roughness. The hardness was measured with the use of Vickers hardness tester. Observation of the microstructure of stainless steel samples was carried out using scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The parameters of surface roughness measurements were performed to the principles contained in ISO standards. Findings: In the production and regeneration of metal products used in machine elements is important to technological quality surface layer. In surface engineering one of the ecological and economic treatments used for endurance and technological properties is burnishing. This is a surface forming a local plastic deformation based on the overall impression given by smooth and hard tool. Practical implications: The burnishing due the technological and economic aspect in the production and regeneration of machine parts in exchange for the abrasive processing can be used. In production engineering or technology of repair cylindrical outer surfaces (e.g. plugs propulsion shaft centrifugal pumps seawater) are finishing. You can therefore propose burnishing in exchange for abrasive machining. Originality/value: Important question to determine in the article of the research was to received appropriate technological quality. After the tests, it was found that the technological parameters are influenced by the hardness and the roughness of the outer cylindrical surfaces and the material ratio curve a convex shaped, which, taking into account the load capacity of the surface will be directly affected by its resistance to wear and corrosion of the surface layer.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

22

Безъязычный, Вячеслав, and Vyacheslav Bezyazychny. "Technological support of machinery performance attributes." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 1, no. 4 (April 30, 2016): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18098.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The relation of quality parameters in a surface layer of the surface worked with technological conditions of processing is stated, and also a computation definition of machinery performance attributes: fatigue resistance, durability, strength of press-fit connections are shown.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

23

Shelimanova, O., and V. Tkachenko. "Development of technological line for obtaining flax trust." Energy and automation, no. 6(58) (November 24, 2021): 118–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/energiya2021.06.118.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

One of the most effective ways to intensify heat transfer when blowing surfaces with air is jet blowing. High intensity of transfer processes during jetting, relatively low energy costs for its implementation, simplicity and flexibility of control of this process have led to its widespread use in various fields. Mathematical modeling of heat transfer regularities in systems of impact jets is significantly complicated due to the three-dimensional nature of the flue-channel flow near the surfaces of complex shape. Therefore, it is advisable to use experimental research methods. The purpose of this study is to justify the use of the method of regular thermal regime to determine the average heat transfer coefficient during jet cooling of the surface. Regular mode of cooling (heating) of bodies is characterized by the fact that the relative rate of change of excess temperature for all points of the body remains constant. Since the thermal model was made of a highly thermally conductive duralumin alloy, the condition Bi <0.1 was met, when the average temperatures on the surface and volume will be the same. Therefore, the experiments recorded the readings of only one thermocouple. To compare the results of this experimental study with the results of other authors, cases of blowing a smooth concave surface with single - and three - row jet systems were chosen. The first case was studied in [3,4], the second - in [5]. The results of the performed test experiments agree satisfactorily with the data of these works, which were obtained both by the method of regular mode [5] and other methods of recording heat fluxes ([3] - passive heat flux sensor; [4] - electrocalorimetry). The difference between the average heat transfer coefficients and the known literature data does not exceed ±7..12%, which indicates a sufficient probability of the results obtained in this work, and the possibility of using the method of regular thermal regime in the study of jet cooling of complex bodies. Key words: heat exchange, jet system, cooling, concave surface

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

24

Суслов, Анатолий, Anatoliy Suslov, Сергей Бишутин, Sergey Bishutin, Владимир Сакало, and Vladimir Sakalo. "TECHNOLOGICAL MODE EFFECT OF FINISH GRINDING ON TRIBOTECHNICAL INDICES OF SURFACES MACHINED." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2016, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22018.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Grinding is the most common finish stage of friction surface machining. The surface machined is transferred in a non-equilibrium state in consequence of thermal and power effect at grinding. During friction part material strives for a more equilibrium state in microcontacts of surface layers due to the presence of a considerable share of a defect phase formed at finish grinding. It is evident that the process of the material transition from a nonequilibrium state (after grinding) into a more equilibrium state (at surface runningin) and mainly defines the character of modes and finish grinding effect upon surface tribotechnical indices (wear intensity, runningin period, constant of friction). The researches were carried out in two stages. In the first stage at the expense of changes of grinding depth and time of surface sparking-out (that is, the intensity and duration of thermal and power effect of grinding on a sample) there were formed surface layers with different parameters on steel samples. In the second stage of investigations there were carried out tribotechnical tests of grinded samples under the same conditions and, in such a way the effect of grinding modes on surface durability was evaluated. On the basis of the results there were revealed the dependences of sample wear on test time and also dependences for the computation of wear intensity in grinded surfaces made of different structural materials. It is shown that at the abrasion there are possi-bilities for considerable increase (up to several times) of machinery surfaces durability by means of grinding depth changes and time of surface sparkingout, as these technological modes define the intensity and duration of thermal and power effects of abrasion upon a surface layer.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

25

Безъязычный, Вячеслав, Vyacheslav Bezyazychnyy, Марина Дмитриева, and Marina Dmitrieva. "Theoretical analysis of mating surfaces contact rigidity with technological conditions of their machining." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2018, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5bb4b1fa312305.73805115.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

An author’s version for the design definition of an approach value of contact surfaces under load taking into account roughness of a surface worked and a surface layer cold work of these surfaces is presented. The analysis of a processing mode impact upon the value of surfaces contact approach is carried out, and also the comparison of the computation results of a flexibility parameter with experimental data is performed.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

26

Yada, Susumu, Shervin Bagheri, Jonas Hansson, Minh Do-Quang, Fredrik Lundell, Wouter van der Wijngaart, and Gustav Amberg. "Droplet leaping governs microstructured surface wetting." Soft Matter 15, no. 46 (2019): 9528–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sm01854a.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Microstructured surfaces that control the direction of liquid transport are not only ubiquitous in nature, but they are also central to technological processes such as fog/water harvesting, oil–water separation, and surface lubrication.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

27

Tadros, Tharwat F. "Technological applications of dispersions." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 57 (May 1995): 288–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-8686(95)90009-8.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

28

Никитин, Сергей, Sergey Nikitin, Владимир Макаров, Vladimir Makarov, Михаил Песин, Mihail Pesin, Александр Горбунов, and Alexander Gorbunov. "Impact of local technological concentrators of stresses upon operation properties of parts worked." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2, no. 5 (May 15, 2017): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_591947e238a398.97451989.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

It is defined that during the machining of complex surfaces in parts operating under large fluctuating loads, in critical transition areas of profile conjugate surfaces there are formed local technological concentrators of stresses contributing to formation, development of fatigue cracks and to further destruction of parts in the course of operation. Such phenomena are discovered, for instance, at high-loaded gear teeth machining, at turbine blade profile surface machining, at manufacturing large-modular tapered threads and other parts having complex profile surfaces. There are developed and introduced methods for value decrease of such stress concentrators on the basis of the application of different methods for local surface plastic deformation of a surface layer in transition areas of profiles. As a result the probability of fatigue crack formation decreased considerably and fatigue strength in parts machined increased essentially.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

29

Rajczyk, Jarosław, and Mariusz Kosiń. "Technological Processes in Natural Stone Processing with Recommendations of Processing Tools Evaluation." Advanced Materials Research 1020 (October 2014): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.60.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The processing of surface of stone elements, as a result of which they are getting the relevant texture and the surface quality, is one of main requirements in the masonry production. As a result of finishing processing in the process of grinding, the surfaces should have a regular appearance of the surface.They should conform to certain requirements of norms on all exposed surfaces. This process can be conducted with grinders: knee, arterial or bridge. These machines are working with so-called heads equipped with abrasive fillers in the form of sections about different geometrical shapes fixed to the processing head which is a so-called load-bearing shield. Ensuring the appropriate quality, smoothness of mineral surface is significant for: - receiving required physical and mechanical parameters what has the significant influence on the operating period and running costs associated with it, - keeping the purity of the surface, what reduce the time of cleaning i.e. maintenance of the object, - utrzymania czystości powierzchni, co zmniejsza czas sprzątania tzn. utrzymania obiektu, - aesthetic and architectural adventages. Providing the high quality for the surface is depending on effectiveness of the influence of operating units which they comprise i.a. geometrical form of so-called rubbing sections. The article is devoted to the methodology of the evaluation of effectiveness of the processing which among others rubbing geometry tools determines.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

30

Kozeruk, A. S., R. Orlandos Dias Gonsales, A. A. Sukhotski, and M. I. Marina I. Philonova. "Simulation of axicon processing area on technological equipment." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 65, no. 3 (October 21, 2020): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2020-65-3-365-374.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Annotation. An analytical expression is obtained for engineering calculation of the regularities of removing the allowance from the flat surface of the part (a rectangle in the form of a flat glass plate of considerable thickness with holes for axicon blanks), which participates in relative and portable movement on the surface of a rotating tool (faceplate) and is in a power circuit with it, which provides automatic self-installation of lapping surfaces. A scheme is proposed for dividing the lapping surfaces of a flat tool and part into ring zones and sectors, resulting in the formation of elementary platforms with reference (calculated) points in their center. Analytical expressions are obtained for calculating the coordinates of these points. The kinematics of the relative movement of the tool and the straightener without oscillation of the upper link is considered, while the sliding of the conjugate surfaces takes place due to rotation of the tool and the straightener installed with a certain eccentricity. An expression is obtained for determining the sliding speed at any point of contact of the conjugate surfaces. Modeling when dealing with relative and portable movement of the upper unit, which allowed obtaining a formula for the slip velocity of the straightener relative to the tool that allows calculation the path of friction in a particular zone in different modes of operation of technological equipment. Modeling can be used as the basis for creating a method for controlling the process of forming conical optical parts (axicons) on serial lever grinding and polishing machines with a flat tool under free lapping conditions, which provide the possibility of obtaining axicons with a deviation of the forming cone from the straightness of no more than ±0.00012 mm.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

31

Grigoriev, Sergey N., N. M. Bobrovskij, I. N. Bobrovskij, and Cho-Pei Jiang. "Technological Parameters Forming the Surface Texture in Hyper Productive Surface Plastic Deformation Processing." Key Engineering Materials 746 (July 2017): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.746.114.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The hyper productive surface plastic deformation processing technology called as wide burnishing (WB) was developed in Russian Federation. The mechanics of new WB technology is different from the classic SPD technologies (rolling or burnishing). For example applied force during processing of burnishing is 150-300 N, of WB is 2500-5000 N due to condition of process implementation in mass production with limited processing time (3-4 turnovers of workpiece). WB also has a high degree of deformation due to a multiple deformation passes. To determine the optimal WB processing parameters single and double instrumental devices were implemented and tested. Specimens made of steel 40 and high-strength cast iron 75-50-03 were tested. Initial roughness of steel 40 specimen’s surface was Ra = 0.5 microns and high-strength cast iron was Ra = 0.85 microns. Results of surface texture parameters of processed parts such as surface roughness Ra of steel 40 and high-strength cast iron 75-50-03 under varying load values P and number of cycles (the number of workpieces revolutions during the period of burnishing) were acquired. It was established that the minimum Ra value of the processed surface correspond with values of P = 210 N/mm2 for steel 40 and P = 410 N/mm2 for high-strength cast iron 75-50-03 regardless of number of burnishing cycles. Plastic deformation mechanism (processing time and pressure on the surface) influences on the processed surface roughness formation. It is possible to assume that straining state forms at the optimal values of P in terms of achieving a minimum value of Ra in which the reached degree of hardening allows to minimize the height of the microscopic irregularities of the previous grinding processing. In this case there is no plastic flow of the metal surface layer.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

32

Hurey, I., V. Gurey, M. Bartoszuk, and T. Hurey. "Formation of Residual Stresses during Discontinuous Friction Treatment." Journal of Engineering Sciences 8, no. 1 (2021): C38—C44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2021.8(1).c5.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The tool with grooves on its working surface is used to improve the properties of the strengthened layer. This allows us to reduce the structure’s grain size and increase the thickness of the layer and its hardness. Mineral oil and mineral oil with active additives containing polymers are used as a technological medium during friction treatment. It is shown that the technological medium used during the friction treatment affects the nature of the residual stresses’ distribution. Thus, when using mineral oil with active additives containing polymers, residual compressive stresses are more significant in magnitude and depth than when treating mineral oil. The nature of the residual stresses diagram depends on the treated surface’ shape. After friction treatment of cylindrical surfaces, the highest compressive stresses near the treated surface decreases with depth. And after friction treatment of flat surfaces near the treated surface, the compressive stresses are small. They increase with depth, pass through the maximum, and then decrease to the original values. The technological medium used during friction treatment affects residual stresses in the grains and in the crystal lattice.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

33

Filonova, M. I., R. O. Dias Gonzalez, A. A. Sukhotzkiy, A. S. Kozeruk, and A. V. Semchuonok. "Technological Features in Processing of Conical Lenses." Science & Technique 19, no. 6 (November 27, 2020): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2020-19-6-521-527.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The paper presents the technology of obtaining flat-conical lenses (axicons) by the method of free grinding a work-piece to a flat tool through a layer of abrasive suspension. For this, theoretical and experimental studies of the regularities of stock removal from the base of the cone and its lateral surface have been carried out. The processing modes have been identified that ensure both uniform operation of the flat surface of the part and enhanced removal of the allowance in the edge or central zone of this surface. During the study of the processing of the conical surface, the set-up parameters of the technological equipment have been established, at which there is a minimum deviation of the generatrix of the cone from straightness and maximum productivity of the process. The stages of processing conical lenses are proposed, which allow to assign the optimal sequence of operations in the manufacture of this type of parts from blanks of a cylindrical shape in cases where the ratio of the height of the cone to the diameter of its base H/d £ 0.5. The main stages of processing include: grinding of the bases of cylindrical blanks with maintaining their mutual parallelism with a given accuracy; polishing one of the cylinder bases to achieve the required roughness and deviation from non-flatness; fastening a cylindrical blank to an auxiliary plane-parallel glass plate using molecular cohesion forces; mechanical fastening of a cylindrical work-piece with a collet adapter mandrel for a plane-parallel glass plate; applying the nearest sphere to the second base of the cylindrical blank; drawing a conical surface on the spherical part of a plano-convex lens; grinding and polishing the conical surface to achieve the required roughness and straightness of the cone generatrix. The degree of efficiency of the setup parameters of the machine has been revealed depending on the technological heredity of the work-piece from the point of view of the distribution of the allowance to be removed over the machined surface.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

34

Arsenijević, Jasmina, and Dejan Arsenijević. "Technological trends of higher education development." Norma 26, no. 2 (2021): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/norma2102177a.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The aim of this paper is to present and analyse the Internet of Things and Technology-Supported Learning Environments, which represent current technological trends of higher education development. The method used in the paper is content analysis of available scientific literature - theoretical and empirical. It is shown how the application and integration of these technologies trigger significant socio-technological changes in the conditions in which higher education operates. The results show that the application of these technologies enables material savings, that it can result in increasing of the efficiency and effectiveness of the higher education processes and in adapting of the teaching process to the individual needs of students. The paper further discusses the challenges and risks that these technological change can bring to higher education and society as a whole. In the conclusion, it is pointed out that despite the numerous advantages that are being realized, it is necessary to develop human resource competencies and find solutions related to the ethical use of data.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

35

Kim, Nahae, Juyoung Kim, Ho-Sun Lim, and Se-Hyun Kim. "Technological Trend of Special Coating Materials for Surface functionalisation." Adhesion and Interface 18, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17702/jai.2017.18.1.33.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

36

Chazan, Michael. "Technological radiation and the process of technological change at the end of the Levantine Lower Paleolithic." Quaternary International 411 (August 2016): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.01.067.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

37

Januś, M., K. Kyzioł, S. Kluska, J. Konefał-Góral, A. Małek, and S. Jonas. "Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition – Technological Design Of Functional Coatings." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 909–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0228.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition (PA CVD) method allows to deposit of homogeneous, well-adhesive coatings at lower temperature on different substrates. Plasmochemical treatment significantly impacts on physicochemical parameters of modified surfaces. In this study we present the overview of the possibilities of plasma processes for the deposition of diamond-like carbon coatings doped Si and/or N atoms on the Ti Grade2, aluminum-zinc alloy and polyetherketone substrate. Depending on the type of modified substrate had improved the corrosion properties including biocompatibility of titanium surface, increase of surface hardness with deposition of good adhesion and fine-grained coatings (in the case of Al-Zn alloy) and improving of the wear resistance (in the case of PEEK substrate).

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

38

Desrochers, Alain. "A CAD/CAM Representation Model Applied to Tolerance Transfer Methods." Journal of Mechanical Design 125, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1543974.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper presents the adaptation of tolerance transfer techniques to a model called TTRS for Technologically and Topologically Related Surfaces. According to this model, any three-dimensional part can be represented as a succession of surface associations forming a tree. Additional tolerancing information can be associated to each surface association represented as a node on the tree. This information includes dimensional tolerances as well as tolerance chart values. Rules are then established to infer tolerance chains or stack up along with tolerance charts directly from the graph. This way it becomes possible to combine traditional one dimensional tolerance transfer techniques with a powerful three-dimensional representation model providing high technological contents.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

39

Wright, Jason T. "Prior indigenous technological species." International Journal of Astrobiology 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550417000143.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractOne of the primary open questions of astrobiology is whether there is extant or extinct life elsewhere the solar system. Implicit in much of this work is that we are looking for microbial or, at best, unintelligent life, even though technological artefacts might be much easier to find. Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) work on searches for alien artefacts in the solar system typically presumes that such artefacts would be of extrasolar origin, even though life is known to have existed in the solar system, on Earth, for eons. But if a prior technological, perhaps spacefaring, species ever arose in the solar system, it might have produced artefacts or other technosignatures that have survived to present day, meaning solar system artefact SETI provides a potential path to resolving astrobiology's question. Here, I discuss the origins and possible locations for technosignatures of such a prior indigenous technological species, which might have arisen on ancient Earth or another body, such as a pre-greenhouse Venus or a wet Mars. In the case of Venus, the arrival of its global greenhouse and potential resurfacing might have erased all evidence of its existence on the Venusian surface. In the case of Earth, erosion and, ultimately, plate tectonics may have erased most such evidence if the species lived Gyr ago. Remaining indigenous technosignatures might be expected to be extremely old, limiting the places they might still be found to beneath the surfaces of Mars and the Moon, or in the outer solar system.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

40

Tarelnyk, Viacheslav, Ievgen Konoplianchenko, Nataliia Tarelnyk, and Aleksey Kozachenko. "Modeling Technological Parameters for Producing Combined Electrospark Deposition Coatings." Materials Science Forum 968 (August 2019): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.968.131.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The paper represents a formalized methodology for solving the problem of creating fundamentally new materials, such as "base - coating" ones, which have increased surface wear resistance and relatively high strength and viscosity. Electrospark alloying (ESA) method is proposed as a process for depositing protective coatings on metal surfaces. There are considered the issues of improving the quality of the coatings formed by the ESA method. There is specified a feature of processing the surfaces having been treated with the use of the ESA method, which feature being associated with a relatively small thickness of the layers formed (tens of micrometers). Since to reduce the roughness of the surface, the process of grinding is difficult or even unacceptable to perform, it has been suggested to use the method of surface plastic deformation (SPD). One of the effective SPD methods for finishing the parts is a diamond smoothing process, which, in contrast to running-in with a ball or roller, allows processing the parts of very high hardness values. As a reserve to improve the quality of coatings formed by the ESA method, there is considered a process for producing combined electrospark deposition coatings (CEC) with hard wear-resistant and soft anti-friction metals integrated therein. There are represented the results of mass transfer process investigation performed at forming the CEC on the specimens of steel 45 with indium, tin and copper being used as soft antifriction metals, and tungsten and hard alloy of VK8 grade applied as wear-resistant materials. There is represented a mathematical model for calculating the main ESA technological parameters being necessary for forming the CEC and allowing to predict the weight gain (increase in weight) and size gain (increase in size) at the cathode (the part). It allows predicting the CEC main technological parameters for any electrode pair materials (substrate material and electrode materials making up the CEC).

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

41

Kamchatna-Stepanova, Kateryna. "Analytical approach to determination of surface strengthening of chevron gears." Scientific journal of the Ternopil national technical university 102, no. 2 (2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/visnyk_tntu2021.02.005.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The construction of an information model of the processes of gear processing of hardened large-modular chevron gears is one of the stages of control of the technological structure and parameters of the automation of the design of the technological process. Taking into account the principles of information classification, the automated gear processing process is considered as a control object, consisting of a number of technological objects: initial material (input of the control object); environment (process conditions); gear wheel (output of the control object, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the surface layer) The construction of an information model of the processes of gear processing of hardened large-modular chevron gears is one of the stages of control of the technological structure and parameters of the automation of the design of the technological process.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

42

Korotkikh, Mikhail, Ludmila Ushomirskaya, Vyacheslav Shestakov, and Dmitriy Ivanov. "Technological possibilities of plasma hardening." MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824504005.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The article shows the advantages of plasma hardening in comparison with other methods of surface hardening of steel products. Appropriate schemes of hardening of various products are considered and experimental data characterizing the possibility of obtaining a hardened layer of various thickness during the realization of various methods of plasma heating are presented.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

43

ORME, C., and B. G. ORR. "SURFACE EVOLUTION DURING MBE GROWTH." Surface Review and Letters 04, no. 01 (February 1997): 71–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x97000122.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The evolution of surfaces grown using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is an interesting scientific issue as well as an important technological concern. In this review article we examine surface evolution during film growth from several different points of view. Experimental, simulational and analytical descriptions of the process are discussed.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

44

Molodіd, A. S., and N. V. Sharykina. "DETERMINING THE IMPORTANCE THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE RESTORATION REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES." Modern technology, materials and design in construction 29, no. 2 (2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2020-2-5-12.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The article made an analytical study, by expert estimates, the determination of the importance of technological factors that have the greatest impact on the physical and mechanical properties of recovered parts of concrete structures. Technological factors were identified during the analysis of scientific literature. For the consideration of the experts was presented eight technological factors, namely: the stiffness, the repair mixture; seal; thickness of the recovery layer; the ambient temperature when performing rehabilitation works; condition of the surfaces of the concrete samples (the surface can be cleaned, stripped, with notches artificially destroyed...); the method of preparing the repair surface (use of contact layer); moisture content of the repair surface (dry, damp, wet); provision and maintenance Department relative to the horizon line (the position of the top "floor"; the side – "wall"; bottom – "ceiling"). The information obtained from experts, were edited on the basis of mathematical (statistical) method. The calculated estimate of the average degree of agreement of opinions of all experts and assessment of the significance of coefficient of concordance. Determined weight factors are considered: preparation of the repair surface; position of the repair site relative to the horizon; the state of the surfaces of the concrete samples (the repair surface is not cleaned, cleaned, with notches artificially destroyed); the stiffness of the mixture; sealing; moisture repair surface (dry, damp, wet); the ambient temperature when performing recovery operations and the thickness of the recovery layer.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

45

Dai, Jin Yue, Yan Hu Zhang, Xi Jun Hua, and Yong Hong Fu. "Technique Influence on Cast-Iron Surface Textures Induced by LST." Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (February 2012): 1441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.1441.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The influence of various technological parameters on laser-textured cast-iron surface is presented in this paper. A kind of micro-pits array was analyzed using single-factor method, where Nd3+: YAG solid laser is applied to obtained regular surface textures, and 3D surface morphology profiler used to compare the surface topographies related to technology. Among of the set of parameters, the distance between working surface and cavity mirror, pumping current and number of pulses were concerned variables in the process of manufacturing of microstructures. The geometry structures for variables were characterized by the radius and depth of micro-pits. Moreover, surface roughness for different technological parameter were expressed with Ra, Rq and Rt. Abbott curve was adopted for valuing the abrasion resistance of given textured surfaces. One optical range of parameters is achieved for improving the level of laser texturing surface.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

46

Xu, Xiao Cun, Wen Bing Zheng, Bin Jiang, and Shu Cai Yang. "Study on the Database about Floating Polishing Technological Parameters." Advanced Materials Research 53-54 (July 2008): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.53-54.197.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Polishing is usually the last working procedure of making die surface. The roughness of die surface affects using performance of die directly; therefore, surface roughness is a key factor to scale quality of die surface. The paper focuses on affecting factors of polishing surface roughness, including the rotation speed of polishing head, floating force on polishing head, pass of polishing head movement, feeding rate of polishing head, and size of abrasive particles. Then, establish the parameters database in order to select appropriate technological parameters expediently. These results are used as operating guides for applications of die polisher.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

47

Matuszewski, Maciej, Małgorzata Słomion, Adam Mazurkiewicz, and Danil Yu Pimenov. "Assessment of friction pair elements condition based on changes in the geometric surface structure isotropicity degree." MATEC Web of Conferences 302 (2019): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930201015.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper regards the possibility of using the degree of the surface isotropicity to assess the condition of the surface layer friction pair elements. The analysis is based on certain changes in operational and technological surface layer. The methods of constituting the surface layer have been characterized due to the features of geometric surface structure as well as the problem of assessing the condition of surface in terms of functional features and tribological characteristics. The evaluation of the occurring changes in the surface layer have been conducted by performing tribological tests and for descript condition of surfaces the degree of surface isotropicity and weight loss of specimens have been adopted. Whereas the assessment of technological state of the surface layer has been carried out for the surface after its coating. Based on the analysis, it has been found that the use for assessment the condition of surface layer and the degree of the surface isotropicity are useful and it is an alternative way or supplement to classical adoption of a properly selected set of roughness parameters to evaluate the potential functional characteristics of friction couples surfaces.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

48

Eveleva, Vera V., Tatyana M. Cherpalova, and Elena A. Shipovskaya. "TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS FOR TREATMENT OF CASINGS." Theory and practice of meat processing 4, no. 2 (July 23, 2019): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2019-4-2-14-19.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The article presents the results of substantiation of composition of technological aids for treatment of casings, which provides an increase in microbiological safety of the finished product. The study objects were samples of casings with signs of microbial spoilage, provided by the manufacturer, and prototypes of technological aids for treatment of casings obtained in VNIIPD. Parameters studied: microbial contamination of casings; titratable acidity, active acidity, density of test samples of the technological aids, surface tension and efficiency of aqueous solutions of the samples. Microbial contamination was determined using methods generally accepted in veterinary and sanitary examination; titratable acidity — titrimetric method; active acidity (pH) — potentiometric method; density — densimetric method; surface tension — ring method (du Noüy method). It was found that the surface microbial contamination of defective intestinal membranes includes the following microorganisms: Bacillus spp., Enterococcus spp. and Micrococcus spp. Among the microorganisms the most resistant to various types of treatment are Bacillus spp. microorganisms. It was established, that the samples of the tested synthesized prototypes of technological aids with most effective antimicrobial action were samples based on lactate-, acetate- and propionate-containing additives, including polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride. It was shown, that test prototypes 9, 19, and 28, which include polyhexamethyleneguanidine hydrochloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and polyvinylpyrrolidone, have rather high antagonistic activity against test cultures of L. monocitogenes, E. coli, St. aureus, Sal. typhimurium with the folowing concentration — (600 × 106 CFU/ml). Minimum effective concentrations of solutions of technological aids for treatment of casings vary from 0,6 % up to 2,5 %. It was established that minimum effective concentration of solutions of technological aids for treatment of casings corresponds to concentration of the solution with maximum adsorption of the resulting complexes on the surface of the liquid-air phase boundary. Treatment of defective casings with aqueous solutions of the agents with concentrations of 2.5 % for 30 minutes provides suppression of growth of all detected spoilage microorganisms, including Bacillus spp.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

49

GASANOV, Magomedemin Isamagomedovich, Oleksandr Permyakov, Oleksandr Klochko, and Vitalii Fedorenko. "TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FOR GEARWORKING OF HARDENED WHEELS." Bulletin of the National technical university "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" Series: Techniques in a machine industry, no. 1 (October 5, 2022): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2079-004x.2021.1(3).01.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The relationship between the theoretical dependence of the cutting speed on various technological factors, the physical and mechanical properties of the tool materials and the hardened gear allows the choice of rational cutting conditions in each specific production case, taking into account the required indicators of tool life, processing productivity, accuracy and quality of the surface layer. Cutting schemes and technological equipment were developed for intensive and high-quality gear cutting using the method of numerical simulation of the surface layer shaping process, which made it possible to obtain the stress-strain state of the surface layer of the gear being machined, tool and chips, and recommendations were developed for choosing the technological processing schedule. The numerical simulation method is based on solving a system of continuum mechanics equations (equations of motion, continuity, energy). The constitutive relations of the theory of elasticity, plasticity, and fracture are used as closing equations for the system.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

50

Carter, James R., and Mark Stephen Monmonier. "Technological Transition in Cartography." Geographical Review 76, no. 1 (January 1986): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/214794.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Статті в журналах з теми "Technological Surface"

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями