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1
Zinabadinova, Sabrie, Viktoria Lavrinenko, Rostislav Kaminsky, Alina Korsak, Liudmyla Sokurenko, and Yuri Chaikovsky. "Effects of technogenic pollutants on chicken embryos." Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2018-0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIncreasing interest in nanomaterials can be explained by their broad involvement in many fields of industry and medicine. It is known that carbon black and crysotile asbestos behave like nanosized objects. They are wide spread in environment and have close contact with living organisms. The aim of our study was to define the effects of carbon black and crysotile asbestos on structures of the developing organism.We used chicken embryos as a model for our study. Total amount of 77 eggs was divided in three groups: one control and two experimental with introduced carbon black and asbestos respectively. Researched materials were injected in the yolk on the third day of incubation and tissues for study were taken during early, middle and late stages of incubation. Histological and electron microscopy methods were used.Carbon black and asbestos introduction caused underdevelopment of embryos and vessels depletion in blood islands of the yolk sac. Asbestos slowed down angiogenesis. Soot particles caused integrity violation of vessels and led to extravasation. The manifestations of soot influence were damages to blood circulatory system and structural disorders on cellular level. Introduction of chrysotile asbestos mostly resulted in compensatoryadaptive reactions like increasing in hematopoiesis and transcytosis in endotheliocytes.
2
Voloshyn, Ivan, and Olga Omelchenko. "Features of accumulation of heavy metals of urban soils of Lviv." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 44 (November 28, 2013): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.44.1186.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The structure of the urbanized soils of the city of Lviv is investigated. Features of pollution by heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Pb, Be, Ni, Ti, V, Mo, Ba, Sr, Zr, Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn, Co, Sn) the transformed soils in various types of landscapes are defined. Made maps contents and distribution of technogenic pollutants also are reflected regularities of formation metal-anomalous fields within the urban area. Key words: heavy metals, urban soils, technogenic pollutants, urboarea, metal-anomalous field.
3
Timofeeva, S. S., V. V. Garmyshev, and D. V. Dubrovin. "Assessment of the Contribution to the Pollution of the Atmosphere of Technogenic and Natural Fires in the Irkutsk Oblast." Ecology and Industry of Russia 22, no. 9 (September 21, 2018): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2018-9-67-71.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On the example of the Irkutsk oblast, the problem of air pollution with technogenic and natural fires is considered. The factual basis of the study was the statistics of the consequences of fires in residential, public, industrial and other objects of the technosphere and natural fires, also combustion of forest combustible materials in the residential, landscape-recreational, forest-park, suburban zones of cities and settlements for 2011-2016. On the basis of existing approaches, qualitative and quantitative indicators of burned materials are determined as a result of technogenic and natural fires, ignition, and specific indicators of toxicant emissions in the combustion of various types of materials, which allowed to comprehensively determine the gross emissions of pollutants in the Irkutsk oblast. It is established that as a result of technogenic and natural fires, ignitions, the annual gross emissions of pollutants averaged about 18.2% of the mass of stationary sources of pollution in the oblast.
4
Шмандій, Володимир Михайлович, Дмитро Леонідович Пляцук, and Лариса Леонидовна Гурец. "Calculation algorithm of technogenic load from pollutants emissions to atmosphere." ScienceRise 5, no. 2(10) (May 19, 2015): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2313-8416.2015.42635.
Повний текст джерела
5
Safarov, R. Z., and Zh G. Berdenov. "Technogenic systems of Pavlodar region." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Chemistry. Geography. Ecology Series 134, no. 1 (2021): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2021-134-1-90-97.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Technogenesis is a process of environmental transformation under the influence of various types of technical human activity. Technogenesis - this transformation of the earth's crust occurs during the extraction and processing of mineral resources, engineering and geological activities. One of the technogenically transformed areas is the Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan. This scientific article presents the main sources of technogenic impact in the Pavlodar region. The research gives a description of the two main technogenic systems. There have been determined the main chemical contaminants of the components of the natural environment. The authors have calculated using modern methods of GIS technologies, the area of sludge collectors. The article describes a promising method for solving such non-trivial problems as identifying the spatial distribution of ecological risk zones, or the spatial display of the concentration distribution of pollutants. The article gives a description of the main industrial facilities of the Pavlodar region, the number of emissions, and also characterizes the climatic factors of the study area.
6
Rostunov, Aleksandr, Tatyana Konchina, Elena Zhestkova, Dmitriy Gusev, and Svetlana Kharitonova. "THE DEPENDENCE OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF THE LEAVES OF WOODY PLANTS ON THE DEGREE OF TECHNOGENIC POLLUTION." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 15, 2017): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol1.2516.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Plants of modern urban ecosystem suffer from negative effects of a series of technogenic pollution which leads to changes in their morphological and physiological state. The reason for this is the penetration of phytotoxicants into plant organs, primarily, into leaves, thus distorting the structural components of cells and their functioning. In various species the degree of this reaction is manifested differently, so this fact must be taken into consideration when creating environmentally effective plantations. For this purpose the integrated study of the impact of pollutants on the morpho-physiological state of deciduous trees was conducted. Some morphological, physiological and biochemical indicators of leaves of Tilia cordata Mill., Populus tremula L., Salix fragilis L., Salix alba L. from different urban areas, characterized by different levels of technogenic pollution, were also studied. It was found out that the increase of technogenic load led to the decrease in the size of leaves, the increase of their necrotization and the total ash content of the tissues of these organs as well as the reduction of the photosynthetic pigments concentration with increase of relative portion of carotenoids which is the most significantly revealed in the leaves of the lime-tree, brittle willow and, to a lesser extent, in the white willow. At the same time the increased relative portion of carotenoids in the photosynthetic organs in case of strong pollution by pollutants indicates an increase of the protective role of the yellow pigment. Besides, the increased ratio of chlorophyll a/b characteristic for the resistant plant species was established in the leaves of these trees, which is a sign of a higher potential photochemical activity of leaves and the rate of photosynthesis.
All the studied morpho-physiological indicators characterize a greater resistance to pollutants of Tilia cordata, Salix fragilis, Salix alba, which can be recommended for the reconstruction of the sanitary and protective plantations of Arzamas. The studied tree species have a great capacity of gettering harmful technogenic substances with a further effective ability to accumulate them in the tissues of the leaves.
7
Splodytel, Anastasiia O. "Рatterns of spreading of heavy metals in soils of urbanized landscapes (on the example of Brovary city)". Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, № 3 (11 жовтня 2020): 580–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112053.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Results of the study about pollutants content in soils of urbanized landscapes are presented. Patterns of their migration and accumulation in main soil types of Brovary are grounded. Correlation relationships between the individual components of ecologicalgeochemical system of urbanized territory were analyzed. Dependences of landscape resistance to technogenic pollution on the level of conservation of natural geochemical parameters of soils, degree of their anthropogenic transformation and level of heavy metals were determined. According to geochemical criteria technogenic associations of heavy metalsin soils are determined, which are represented by the following elements: Cu>Pb>Zn>Co>Cr>V>Mo>Mn>Ni. Level of gross content of chemical elements compounds in soils of different zones of the city is heterogeneous. City zones with the highest polyelement contamination of soil have been identified. Maximum technogenic load is recorded in urban areas of transport infrastructure zone and zone of production and communal-warehouse facilities. Ecological and geochemical assessment on the total index of pollution by using methods of Y.E. Saeta, is shown. Value of this topsoil parameter in Brovary (0-10 cm) ranges from 30 to 106, the average is 65, which corresponds to hazardous level of soil pollution. According to the total indicator of technogenic pollution, Brovary belongs to cities with high pollution level. Soils in all parts of the city, except for residential areas, are classified as hazardous. Studied soils of the city are characterized by plumbum geochemical specialization. High levels of zinc, manganese, cobalt and chromium were also found (the maximal permissible concentrations in soil exceeds by 1.7-4.7 times). Especial attention is paid to the patterns, mechanisms of pollutants influence on the complex of soil properties and processes that determine the ecological condition of soils and their resistance to anthropogenic flows. Soil contamination by pollutants leads to changes in their physical and chemical properties (cation exchange capacity pH, organic matter content) which causes a low buffering capacity of soil cover of the city.
8
Todorovsky, D., and I. Kulev. "On the uranium content in some technogenic products potential environmental pollutants." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters 176, no. 5 (November 1993): 405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02163387.
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Panayotova, Marinela, and Vladko Panayotov. "Studies on zinc recovery from technogenic waste." E3S Web of Conferences 295 (2021): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129503008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Results from laboratory experiments are presented on extraction of zinc available in waste from lead-zinc metallurgy, mixed with lead-zinc flotation tailings and some waste rock, by leaching it under atmospheric conditions with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solutions (5 and 10 wt. %) and 30 % hydrogen peroxide in the temperature range of 25 - 80 °C, at leaching time 30 - 120 min. Material leaching with 10 % H2SO4 solution at 70 °C for one hour brings into pregnant leach solution (PLS) around 80 % of zinc available. Imposing an electrochemical impact during the leaching process increases the quantity of leached zinc by around 5 %. Direct electrowinning from the PLS obtains zinc metal of grade 75-76 %. The suggested treatment removes metals-pollutants from accumulated mixed technogenic waste therefore rendering it more environmentally friendly. Experiments showed that old mixed waste from mining, mineral processing and metallurgy activities merits further studies as secondary source of metals.
10
Sakharova, Antonina, Ivan Kozlov, Marina Baydarashvili, and Andrei Petriaev. "Reduction of negative impact on the geoenvironment using silica sol in road construction." MATEC Web of Conferences 265 (2019): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926506002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Consumption and pollution of natural resources must be constantly compensated by their conservation, saving and restoration to create a balance in the ecosystem between man and nature. To solve this problem any construction process must be accompanied by geoecoprotective measures. The authors of the article suggest to use silica sol in the soils stabilization and reinforcement technology. Silica sol is a pure mineral product that has binding properties and neutralizing properties against some pollutants. This makes it suitable for soils reinforcement and also soils neutralization from pollutants such as heavy metals ions. The stabilization technology using technogenic soils and silica sol will conserve natural resources, improves the soil strength properties and neutralize them from pollutants.
11
Grigoryeva, N. Yu, and T. B. Zaytseva. "Specific Features of Technogenic Pollutants Impact on Photosynthetic Activity of Unicellular Cyanobacteria." Inland Water Biology 14, no. 1 (January 2021): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1995082920060061.
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12
SEMYACHKOV, Alexander, and Victoria POCHECHUN. "ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY OF MINING INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 13, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2021-13-2-215-223.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the work, on the basis of our own field and laboratory studies of the components of the environment, the regularities of the natural and technogenic metal content of the territory of the Middle Urals were established; the mining complex was assessed as a source of pollutant flows into the environment; the formation of flows of pollutants in the environment under the influence of technogenic and mineral formations has been investigated; it is proposed to divide all pollutants, according to their source of entry into the environment, into atmospheric and hydrogenic flows of mining complexes. The problem is that the methodologies for setting maximum permissible emissions (MPE) and normative permissible discharge (NPD) are practically the same. They cover the assessment of the background concentrations of pollutants in the studied media, the assessment of pollution sources, the establishment on the basis of the dilution (mixing) processes of the predicted concentrations (at the border of the sanitary protection zone or in the control section) and the development of the permissible level of the impact of source into the element of the environment in g / h or in t / year with guaranteed quality assurance). Unfortunately, the methodologies used in standardizing the impact of mining and metallurgical complexes on the environment do not take into account a number of aspects, mainly geochemical, which often leads to the formalization of this process with subsequent negative environmental consequences. The objects of research considered in this work were the mining and metallurgical complexes of the Urals, located on its eastern slope in the basin of the river. Tours and including iron ore (the cities of Kachkanar, N. Tagil), copper ore (the cities of Krasnouralsk, Kirovgrad, Pervouralsk) complexes and environmental components (atmosphere, geo-hydro- and biosphere)) within them. The subject of research is the most characteristic ore and associated metals of the Ural deposits: Fe, Cr, Mn, V, Ni, Co, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, Hg, Cd. The aim of the work was to study the flows of pollutants in natural and man-made geosystems of the Middle Urals and to develop a methodological basis for assessing the impact of mining complexes on the environment.
13
Yeprintsev, Sergey, Semen Kurolap, Oleg Klepikov, and Syuzanna Shekoyan. "Assessment of the impact of technogenic air pollution on the social processes of large urbanized regions." E3S Web of Conferences 215 (2020): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021503009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
According to the Federal Information Fund for Social and Hygienic Monitoring FCFHE of Rospotrebnadzor air pollution in urbanized cities of Central Russia was studied. The most toxic anthropogenic pollutants and regions with the highest excesses of the maximum one-time and daily average maximum permissible concentrations of anthropogenic pollutants in the urban environment were identified. To assess the impact of technogenic air pollution on the medical and demographic processes of large urban areas in the GIS environment in the studied territories of Central Russia, we studied the dynamics of the general mortality of the population from malignant neoplasms of various organs, as well as the dynamics of mortality from leukemia. Studies have shown that a number of medical demographic processes directly correlate with atmospheric pollution by anthropogenic pollutants.
14
Danilova, E. A., N. S. Osinskaya, S. Kh Khusniddinova, and Ya A. Ahmedov. "THE ELEMENTAL CONTENT OF HAIR AS AN INDICATOR FOR NATURAL AND TECHNOGENIC CONDITION OF TASHKENT REGION." Trace Elements in Medicine (Moscow) 21, no. 3 (2020): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.19112/2413-6174-2020-21-3-24-32.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The samples of soils, drinking water and hair of habitants of 15 districts in Tashkent region studied using the method of neutron activation analysis. The results obtained from soil and drinking water analyses indicated that contents of Zn, Co, Cu and other elements in a number of districts are higher in comparison with average values throughout the region. This is related to developed industry in these regions. The analysis of the habitants' hair also indicated increased values, which are caused by environmental contamination and working conditions. For generalized assessment of environmental condition it was suggested to use the logarithm of multiplication of the lithophylic elements (Ba, Ca, K, La, Na, Rb, Sc, Sr) content, characterizing the geochemical condition. And similarly, the logarithm of multiplication of potential pollutants, typical for this area, such as Br, Co, Cr, Sb, U, Zn content in soil, water and hair was used as conditional index of overall pollution. It was demonstrated, that fluctuations of lithophylic elements content logarithm value throughout the districts of the region are insignificant and fall within range of 3941, while logarithm values for the potential pollutants vary from 3.1 to 9.3. The distribution of a hypothetical integral pollutant is presented in the cartogram. The correlation analysis conducted has established a relationship between the content of elements in environmental objects and some diseases, indicating that increased or decreased content of elements in the hair is highly likely one of the signs of a particular disease, especially in environmentally disadvantaged districts of the region.
15
Bykov, D. E., K. L. Chertes, E. N. Petrenko, O. V. Tupitsyna, V. N. Pystin, and A. A. Pod’yachev. "Remediation of Mineral Resources Polluted by Oil Refineries." Ecology and Industry of Russia 23, no. 3 (March 12, 2019): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2019-3-9-13.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The features of the genesis of technogenic lens elements of hydrocarbons under the sites of oil refineries are considered. Recommendations are given for the study and assessment of the dynamics of the state and migration of accumulated hydrocarbons in the geological environment using numerical and 3D modeling. The differences of technogenic lens elements from oil fields of natural origin are presented. It is shown that the object under study adversely affects all components of the geological environment. To reduce the anthropogenic load exerted by the oil lens elements, a physicochemical method has been proposed for cleaning contaminated rocks from pollutants using surfactants. This technology allows for the rehabilitation of the geological environment and at the same time to intensify the extraction of commercial hydrocarbons accumulated under the territories of oil refineries.
16
Poberezhsky, Andriy, Iryna Buchynska, Olena Shevchuk, and Taras Mukan. "MINING COMPLEX OF THE LVIV-VOLYN COAL BASIN AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ECOSYSTEM OF THE REGION." Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals 3, no. 180 (December 18, 2019): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2019.03.052.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The influence of exploitation and abandonment of coal mines of the mining complex of Lviv-Volyn coal basin on the ecosystem of the region is considered. The main ecological problems of the territory are analyzed. It is established that the high technogenic pollution of the Chervonograd geological and industrial region is facilitated by the inflow of highly polluted drainage waters from the mine heaps and rock waste heaps of the Chervonograd Central Mining Plant into soils, surface, ground and underground waters. The negative impact of the heaps is caused by the high level of fault tectonics and fracturing of the bedrocks, the flat surface of the area. The influence of technogenic objects on the atmospheric air quality is analyzed. The main causes of the atmospheric air pollution are stationary sources of pollution. Technogenic objects have a significant impact on the quality of the the atmospheric air. The main role in the structure of pollutants belongs to sulphur anhydrite, carbon and nitrogen oxides, dust and soot. The amount of pollutant emissions into the atmospheric air from stationary sources of pollution for Chervonograd and Sokal districts has been analyzed according to the data of the Main Statistics Office in Lviv region. To prevent further deterioration of the ecological situation, it is recommended to form flat heaps, their reclamation and landscaping with the obligatory covering of the surface with a layer of neutral rocks, to keep measures to prevent burning of heaps. To stabilize the situation and to prevent further contamination of soil, surface and underground waters, the stable network of observations on the state of the geological environment, systematic geological and environmental monitoring should be carried out.
17
Starikova, Ludmila, and Irina Trapeznikova. "Assessment of the Ecological and Economical Trends for Mining Region (on Example of Kuzbass)." E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184102020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the modern scientific literature, a number of methods have been developed making it possible to assess the ecological state of the territory. The most common way is to estimate the gross inflow of pollutants into various objects of the natural environment. The typology of the territory according to the level of the technogenic loading is considered for all environment: water, air and surface. As indicators, the density ofemissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere per 1 km2 and densityof discharge of pollutants into water sources with wastewater through organized releases per 1 million m3 of monthly flow are taken. As indicators of environmental intensity were considered indicators of energy intensity, material intensity, water capacity, metal intensity, specific emissions of greenhouse gases.
18
Chykailo, Yuliia, and Ivan Voloshyn. "Deflation's soil and technogenic pollutants of the near-highway zones of road Lviv–Krakovets." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 51 (December 27, 2017): 370–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2017.51.8903.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the article is analyzed the soils’ properties in near-highway road strips of M-10 Lviv- Krakovets with width up to 150 m. Within the near-road strips of the highway, have been established 12 experimental polygons under forest, meadow vegetation and agricultural lands. On each polygons from soils profile samples are selected the most common soils: sod-podzolic, formed on fl uvio-glacial and gray-forest soils formed onloess loam. Completed description of soil profiles to depth of 0-100 cm. Part of experimental soils are formed under hornbeam-beech forests (11, 12 polygons) and oak-hornbeam-pine (4, 6, 7, 8 polygons). The researches revealed that in soil profiles at different depths are lie buried in eolian forms of relief (dunes) with different steepness of slopes. The steepness of the walls of the superficial layers of the dunes varies from 10 to 30°. In the research profiles of near-highway soils on the surface of the dunes, fi nd presence of progumed fragments of strips up wide to 2–3 cm. On the territory of the Nadsyanska moraine-zandrova alluvial plain at a distance of 50 m from the roadway (polygon 2, in the valley of the river Shklo, where the grassland vegetation is predominant, the turfy shallow gluten sandy soils are formed on alluvial deposits) discovered two low-power buried humus horizons who inherited a deflationary relief. Their steepness on the surface of the dunes is about 10 °. In polygon 3, the incision is laid in the micro threshold of the ancient relief, where the vegetation is represented by a spruce forest with oak impurities. In the profile of sod-hidden-podzolic sandy soil, on the surface of buried dunes which have steep walls 10-20°, are observed a humus layers . In the polygon 12, which is laid in the southwestern spurs of Roztochya 1,5 km north of the village of Birky in the hornbeam forest, steepness of the walls superficial layers of dunes of western exposition ranges from 10 to 12°. Soil is a clear-gray forest-loamy on loess loamy. In the soil profi les have been identified the following chemical elements: Pb, Zn, Co, Cu, Ni, Mo, Cr, Mn, V, Ba, Sr, Zr, Fe, Ti, Sn. The researches have established that in the territory of the Nadsyanska moraine-zandrovu alluvial plain, and in the southwestern spurs of Roztochchya, widespread buried dune relief. Based on our research, we propose to consider the issue of the allocation of types (subtypes) in soil legends, to investigate the defilations and inter deflation periods of their formation. Key worlds: near-roads strips, soil profile, deflation forms, buried soils, fragments of humus layers.
19
Postevaya, Marina Alexeevna, and Zakhar Ivanovich Slukovskii. "Analysis of atmospheric emissions in Murmansk and their relationship with pollution of urban lakes." Vestnik MGTU 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 190–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21443/1560-9278-2021-24-2-190-201.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main sources of anthropogenic emissions into the atmosphere of Murmansk are emissions from thermal power plants and boiler houses operating on fuel oil. As a result of the analysis of the dynamics of pollutant emissions from stationary anthropogenic sources for the period 1997-2019 it has been established that the level of air pollution is assessed as low; there is a tendency towards a decrease in gross emissions from stationary sources. The main pollutants from thermal power plants are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, and benzo(a)pyrene. Together with gaseous and liquid substances, fuel oil ash and products of incomplete underburning of fuel, which include heavy metals V, Ni, Cr, Pb, Fe, Sn, enter the atmospheric air. Technogenic compounds of heavy metals and other pollutants from the enterprises of the power unit, falling out with dust or precipitation on the surface and catchment areas of lakes, affect the formation of the chemical composition of surface soils, waters and bottom sediments of water bodies. This is reflected in an increase in the concentration of heavy metals (in particular, V and Ni) in the water and bottom sediments of the lakes of Murmansk in comparison with the background values.
20
Shergina, O. V., T. A. Mikhailova, and A. S. Mironova. "Assessment of regulating ecosystem functions/services of the urban forests in the Angara region (Eastern Siberia, Russia)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 908, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/908/1/012042.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract The studies of urban forests were carried out on the territory of the Angara region in cities with a high air pollution index (up to 20) and with a high recreational load. The state of forest biogeocenoses was assessed by the parameters of trees, forest litter, and soil. Morphostructural, physicochemical, biochemical, and toxicological indicators were analysed. It was found that the selected biogeochemical parameters of trees and soils have a high level of correlation relationships under conditions of negative anthropogenic impact. The biogeochemical redistribution of technogenic pollutants in urban forests connects with the accumulating capacity of the soil cover and the regulatory function of trees, namely the ability to purify atmospheric air by accumulating toxicants in the needles and leaves. Regulatory function/service of pollutant absorption and air purification depends not only on the condition of urban forests, it is unequal for forests of different cities and, even more, for different forested territories.
21
Кустов and M. Kustov. "Chemically Hazardous Emissions into the Atmosphere Due to Technogenic Accidents at Ukraine Facilities." Safety in Technosphere 4, no. 3 (July 8, 2015): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11876.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper considers the qualitative and quantitative composition of the lower troposphere and the main pollutants under
normal conditions, and in the event of industrial accidents. It identifies the main chemically hazardous substances released
into the atmosphere during depressurization of production machinery without subsequent burning sand inventories of such
substances on the enterprises of Ukraine. The paper also analyzes the combustion products composition of main classes
of flammable substances. On the basis of the analysis the combustion products’ hazard level is defined, as well as their
quantitative composition; hence relying on this analysis major hazardous substances released into the atmosphere during
fires are identified.
22
Saakian, Alexander. "Assessment of ecological and geochemical state of alluvial soils of floodplains of small rivers of Perm." АгроЭкоИнфо 2, no. 44 (March 17, 2021): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/20212202.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the conditions of the city of Perm - a multidisciplinary industrial center of Russia, the regularities and quantitative characteristics of the redox and ecological-geochemical state of the soils of the floodplains of small rivers-tributaries of the Kama River within the Votkinsk reservoir are revealed. The regularities of the content, distribution and interrelation of potentially toxic chemical elements are established, the priority elements-pollutants, and their mobility in floodplain soils are determined. It was found that under the influence of heterogeneity of redox conditions, sorption, gley, and hydrogen sulfide geochemical barriers are formed in the soil profile. It was found that when hydrogenic pollution of urban alluvial soils occurs, natural-technogenic associations of chemical elements are formed in their profile, which differ from natural associations in the background soil. Elemental geochemical associations are characterized at different levels of technogenic load on the floodplains of small rivers. The relationship between the concentration of chemical elements and the value of the specific magnetic susceptibility in floodplain soils is determined. Keywords: REDOX STATE, HEAVY METALS, GEOCHEMICAL COEFFICIENTS, URBO-ALLUVIAL SOILS, CHEMOSEMS ON URBO-ALLUVIAL SOILS
23
Домнина, Viktoriia Domnina, Короткова, Anna Korotkova, Булухто, and N. Bulukhto. "Environmental assessment of surface waters in the technogenic zones." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 8, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4177.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As the result of the monitoring of the Klokovsky stream in s. Plekhanovo of Tula region in the sewage water of "Tulaelectroprivod" the individual living organisms (unicellular green algae and protozoa) were detected. The biological researches allow to revealing the a-mesosaprobic level of organic pollution of surface waters and sediments. The chemical analysis didn´t found inorganic pollutants, in particular heavy metals. Based on biotesting, the acute toxicity of surface water and sediments of the Klokovsky stream and fecal waters was found, caused by the presence of organic substances which are not detected by chemical methods. The research has shown that the surface water in the studied water flow is highly polluted and highly toxic. This ecosystem of the stream is close to destruction, as the trophic links and mechanisms of self-purification are disturbed. The atypical accumulation of organic matter is observed and there are a large number of bacteria, including pathogenic to humans. Thus, the Klokovsky stream and its coastal zone represent an area of intense ecological environment which may influence on human health. The danger is in contact with pathogenic microorganisms and organic substances in garden crops with irrigation water from this stream. There is a threat of the use in food of fish caught in the mouth areas of this watercourse. The consequences of such anthropogenic impacts affect the quality of drinking water. There is the possibility of contamination of the aquifer surface water streams by filtering them through the alluvial deposits of riverbed.
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Bachurin, Boris. "Environmental impact assessment of preventive emulsion based on heavy oil residue on organic pollution of water." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal, no. 4 (June 25, 2021): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2021-4-57-63.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Dusty surfaces insulation with preventive emulsions based on heavy oil residue (HOR) is a promising environmental technology in open-pit mining. To assess the environmental safety of these emulsions, it is required to assess the possible scale of organic pollutants emission into the technogenic leakage fluxes occurring due to the interaction of HOR insulation with precipitation. Research aim is to assess the scale of organic pollutants leaching occurring due to the interaction of HOR insulation with precipitation. Research methods. Laboratory modeling of HOR samples and water interaction and assessment of the scale of organic compounds (bitumen and oil products) discharge into the water environment. Results. Studies have shown that the addition of an insulating emulsion based on heavy oil residue leads to the creation of an organo-mineral mixture with hydrophobic properties, determining low solubility of hydrocarbons in water and posing no threat of excess organic pollution to the hydrosphere.
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Prozhorina, Tatiana Ivanovna, Semyon Aleksandrovitch Kurolap, and Nadezhda Ivanovna Yakunina. "ECOGEOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSTICS CONDITION OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT ON POLLUTION SNOW COVER OF VORONEZH CITY." Samara Journal of Science 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20154103.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Currently, the most popular are the express methods of quality control of the environment, which permit a relatively rapid assessment of ecological and geochemical situation. one such method is based on the use snow cover. snow has a high sorption capacity and is informative in identifying the object of man-made pollution of the urban environment. the paper presents the results of a study of the chemical composition of snow that had fallen in Voronezh during winter 2015. snow samples were taken in the period prior to snowmelt in various functional areas of the city. in order to identify the degree of technogenic impact on the various parts of the city of Voronezh, was made a comparative analysis of the results:аccording to the actual presence of pollutants in precipitation for the study of functional areas;сalculate the rate on the concentration of chemical elements for test samples of snow.according to the degree of mineralization and dust content in snow can be seen technogenic pressure on environment.therefore, a comparative analysis of the degree of contamination of snow in the various functional areas of the city were carried out for the two indicators of the chemical composition - the total mineralization and suspended particles(dust).the results of the analysis of the chemical composition of the melt water indicate an increased level of technogenic pollution of snow cover in all investigated functional areas of Voronezh.
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Korshikov, Ivan, Yulia Belonozhko, and Helena Lapteva. "Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Seed Progenies of Pinus Pallasiana D. Don Stands from Technogenic Polluted Lands in the Steppe of Ukraine." Ekológia (Bratislava) 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eko-2019-0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractIn this study, we compare the pathological mitosis rates, chromosomal abnormalities and nucleolar organizer activity in Pinus pallasiana D. Don seedlings from natural population in the Crimean Mountains and from the urban plantations in the steppe of Ukraine. On the stages of anaphase and telophase of mitosis, such chromosomal abnormalities as bridges were most often found in the seeds of plantations exposed to air pollutants, whereas lead and agglutination of chromosomes were found in seeds from iron ore dump stands. Our studies have shown that P. pallasiana can be used for genotoxic monitoring of technogenic polluted lands.
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Sedelnikova, L. L., E. P. Khramova, O. V. Chankina, Ya V. Rakshun, and D. S. Sorokoletov. "SR XRF Method Used to Study the Ecological State of Technogenic Surroundings in the Novosibirsk Region." Siberian Journal of Physics 14, no. 3 (2019): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2541-9447-2019-14-3-97-108.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The method of X-ray fluorescence analysis involving synchrotron radiation (SR XRAF) is used to determine the element composition of soil and plants Hemerocallis hybrida hort., growing in the places of different pollution level in the Novosibirsk Oblast. It has been established that the main element pollutants of a technogenic environment, accumulated in excess concentrations in plant leaves and rhizomes are lead, nickel, iron, titanium, and chromium. The SR XRF method provides the reliable data on the content of 20 micro- and macroelements of the plants Hemerocallis hybrida, in the various industrial and transport conditions of pollution.
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Khaustov, Aleksandr, Margarita Redina, Zhandos Kenzhin, Dmitry Gabov, and Evgeniya Yakovleva. "Identification of the state of the soil-plant systems on the RUDN-University campus (based on PAH concentrations)." E3S Web of Conferences 169 (2020): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016901015.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The environmental state of soil-plant systems under the condition of technogenic pressure has been demonstrated on the example of the social significant territory in the city of Moscow – the campus of the RUDN University. The assessment is based on the analyses of the environmental fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil, roots and aerial parts of plants of bluegrass meadow: Naphthalene (Naph), Fluorene (Fluorene), Phenanthrene (Phen), Anthracene (An), Fluoranthene (Flu), Pyrene (Py), Chrysene (Chr), Benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), Benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFlu), Benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFlu), Benzo[ghi]perylene (Bghi), Indeno[1, 2, 3-cd[pyrene (IP), Dibenzo[a, h]anthracene (DBa). These pollutants are considered as geochemical markers and reflect quite detailed the integral state of soil-plant systems. As a result, the zones with relative prosperous and with critical state are identified. The connection between physicochemical characteristics (log Kow) of pollutants and their accumulation activity (concentration coefficients) is confirmed.
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Клепиков, О. В., та С. А. Куролап. "Оценка уровня воздействия техногенных факторов при добыче и производстве гранитного щебня". ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 70, № 2 (2021): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-02-2021-68.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Using the example of Open Joint Stock Company «Pavlovskgranit», located in the Voronezh region, the level of impact of technogenic factors (air pollution and noise) during the extraction and production of crushed granite was estimated. It was established that 61 pollutants enter the atmospheric air from 134 sources of pollution. The main contribution to the total volume of emissions (1881.0 tons/year) is made by inorganic dust with a SiO2 content of 70-20% - 73.4%, sulfur dioxide - 9.8%, carbon monoxide - 114.3 tons/year. Blasting operations in open pits during the extraction of crushed granite are the leading production process that makes a significant contribution to the volume of emissions. At the same time, the remoteness of industrial sites from the territory of residential development, the presence of a sanitary protection zone, allows us to speak about the admissibility of the impact of concentrations of pollutants in the air and the noise factor at the border of the territory of the nearest residential development.
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Stepanova, Svetlana A., and Galina V. Simonova. "COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CONTROL METHODS FOR WATER PURIFICATION FROM POLLUTION." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 8 (May 21, 2021): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-8-150-155.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Article is devoted to comparison of methods for assessing changes in concentration of pollutants in aqueous solutions, and to analysis of factors involved in these processes. The distortion of parameters of Earth's ecosphere due to various influence of technogenic factors now become more and more threatening. Such pollutants, in particular, are dosage forms that enter soil and water areas, violate their natural conditions of functioning, and, as a result, pose a serious danger to both animals and humans. The processes of interaction of drugs with natural formations are very diverse; therefore, it is difficult to develop sufficiently effective methods of purification. Recently, much attention has been paid to biological methods of purification, when the ecosystem restores its characteristics and with the help of natural purifiers, in particular, the use of plants that quite universally absorb various impurities, including drugs. The paper presents the results of experiments evaluating the change in the concentration of impurities in different ways when purifying water from impurities using the eichornia plant.
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Travkin, Vasili, Dilmurod Morudullaev, Irina Artemyeva, Nataliya Suzina, and Inna Solyanikova. "Soil bacteria as a basis for sustainable development of the environment." E3S Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 01051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124701051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Soil is an inexhaustible source of microorganisms of significant interest to biotechnology. Bacteria are able to control the growth of pathogenic microflora, stimulate plant growth, and decompose pollutants of varying degrees of toxicity. Bacteria make a significant contribution to the cycle of substances. The aim of this work was to isolate aerobic microorganisms from soil samples of two types - forest, without technogenic history, and agro-industrial, and to evaluate their properties. 15 strains of bacteria were isolated from forest soil, of which representatives of the genera Rhodococcus, Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter were able to degrade such persistent pollutants as chlorophenols, biphenyl and naphthalene. 77 strains were isolated from chernozem, of which 15 used benzoate as the sole source of carbon and energy. Thus, it has been shown that bacterial strains isolated from both forest and agricultural soil have a certain biodegradative activity, which allows them to reduce the level of pollution.
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Nelyubova, Viktoriya V., Yulia N. Ogurtsova, M. N. Sivalneva, Valeria V. Strokova, and P. Zhao. "Specifics of Structure Formation of Cement Stone with Silica Raw Material - A Substrate of Photocatalytic Composite Material." Materials Science Forum 1017 (January 2021): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1017.153.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increasing urbanization of urban areas poses the challenge of the development of materials capable of self-cleaning from organic pollutants formed. Previous papers substantiated the possibility of the coating of titanium oxide as the main agent of the photocatalytic method of cleaning structural materials on silica raw materials in order to increase the degree of its distribution in the volume of cement matrix and, as a result, increase its efficiency.It is obvious that a silica substrate will affect the processes of structure formation during hardening of a cement matrix. During the research, the processes of phase transformations of cement stone modified with silica raw materials of natural and technogenic origin were studied. As a result, the influence of siliceous modifiers on the strength characteristics of the cement stone was determined, which allowed ranking them according to the degree of decrease in efficiency as follows: technogenic raw materials; natural raw materials of silicate composition; natural raw materials of aluminosilicate composition. Quantitative assessments of the degree of efficiency showed the irrationality of using aluminosilicate composition as a silica modifier of natural raw materials, which is explained by its low pozzolanic activity.
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Nelyubova, Viktoriya V., Yulia N. Ogurtsova, M. N. Sivalneva, Valeria V. Strokova, and P. Zhao. "Specifics of Structure Formation of Cement Stone with Silica Raw Material - A Substrate of Photocatalytic Composite Material." Materials Science Forum 1017 (January 2021): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1017.153.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increasing urbanization of urban areas poses the challenge of the development of materials capable of self-cleaning from organic pollutants formed. Previous papers substantiated the possibility of the coating of titanium oxide as the main agent of the photocatalytic method of cleaning structural materials on silica raw materials in order to increase the degree of its distribution in the volume of cement matrix and, as a result, increase its efficiency.It is obvious that a silica substrate will affect the processes of structure formation during hardening of a cement matrix. During the research, the processes of phase transformations of cement stone modified with silica raw materials of natural and technogenic origin were studied. As a result, the influence of siliceous modifiers on the strength characteristics of the cement stone was determined, which allowed ranking them according to the degree of decrease in efficiency as follows: technogenic raw materials; natural raw materials of silicate composition; natural raw materials of aluminosilicate composition. Quantitative assessments of the degree of efficiency showed the irrationality of using aluminosilicate composition as a silica modifier of natural raw materials, which is explained by its low pozzolanic activity.
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Guba, A. S., R. N. Bakhtizin, R. I. Ableev, A. V. Fakhreeva, F. F. Musin, and V. A. Dokichev. "Development of technogenic soil based on drill sludge formed in the process of well construction in the Vinno-Bannovsky oil field of the Samara region." SOCAR Proceedings, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5510/ogp20210200500.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The mineralogical, chemical and gravimetric composition of drill cuttings formed during the construction of wells in the Vinno-Bannovskoye oil field in the Samara region has been studied. It was found that the cuttings included in the drill cuttings consist of the following rock-forming minerals - calcite, quartz, dolomite, wollastonite, iron-bearing ankermanite and ankerite. The excess of the gross content of the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of heavy metals in drill cuttings is observed for lead, arsenic and mercury. The content of oil products is within 0.64 ± 0.27 g/kg and does not exceed the MPC for oil. A method is proposed for producing environmentally safe permeable technogenic soil by mechanical mixing of drill cuttings with natural sand, phosphogypsum and sorbent in a ratio of 53: 40: 2: 1, leading to a decrease in the toxic effect of pollutants by reducing their concentration and sorption on the sorbent. According to its physical and chemical characteristics, the soil obtained during the disposal of drill cuttings is technogenic dispersed soil in accordance with GOST 25100 - 2020 «Soils. Classification» and can be used in the construction of soil foundations of production, auxiliary sites.
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Maksimovich, Nikolay, Olga Berezina, Olga Meshcheriakova, and Artem Demenev. "Research of migration of technogenic bottom sediments with application of modern geoinformation systems." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 2 (2020): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-2-26-201-211.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study of the regularities of formation and migration of technogenic bottom sediments in river ecosystems of mining regions is an urgent area of works of domestic and foreign researchers in connection with the high need to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the natural components of the environment. This article is devoted to the problems of the migration of pollutants and the formation of technogenic bottom sediments in river ecosystems in the Kizel coal basin (Perm Region, Russia). The scale of the problem is determined by the existence of numerous sources containing extremely high concentrations of elements of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd hazard classes. The main sources of contaminants on the study area are acid mine waters discharged through former mines and springs, as well as effluents from waste dumps. These technogenic solutions are characterized by a multicomponent composition, in which high concentrations of the following elements (Fe, Al, Mn, Zn, Be, Cu, Pb, Cd et al.) are noted. Exceeding the MPC for some elements reaches hundreds and thousands of times; in all, according to various estimates, over 500 km of rivers are polluted in the territory of the former Kizel coal basin and in the zone of its influence. The article describes the characteristics of bottom sediments of the river Kos’va, one of the largest regional rivers, according to long-term observations from 1984–2018, field studies, as well as the use of GIS technologies and the created geo-ecological geoinformation system of the Kizel coal basin. Also, based on international experience, environmental measures were proposed to restore the river ecosystems of the territory.
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Martsev, Anton, and Oleg Selivanov. "Ecological and hygienic assessment of environment in the town with glass packaging production." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913501044.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The population of the industrialized centers is constantly affected by the complex of technogenic factors of environmental pollution. The leading technogenic factor is known to impact negatively the population health is air pollution. Technogenic air pollution in cities is caused by the emissions of contaminants both as a result of motor transportation and industrial enterprises. This impact is one of the main reasons for the public health deterioration. Glass production is among such sources. Air pollution with toxic substances causes soil pollution, which ecological and sanitary condition can serve as a marker of environmental pollution rate. The study objective was the ecological and hygienic environment assessment of the Gorokhovets town in the Vladimir region, where modern glass empties production is functioning. Statistics of the regional official services in Gorokhovets district of the Vladimir region, as well as data from our own research have been applied for the research. Heavy metals in soil have been detected by x-ray fluorescence method applying spectrometer “Spectroscan MAX-G”. Anions content in soils was determined using water extracts from soil samples by capillary electrophoresis applying device “Kapel-104”. Results. The statistics published by the official regional state services on the gross amount of air pollutants emissions have been analyzed. Data on the heavy metals (HM) and anions content in various parts of Gorokhovets have been obtained. Conclusion. The ecologic-hygienic assessment of environment allowed to reveal that vehicles make the largest contribution to the air pollution in Gorohovets area in recent years. The main stationary air pollution source n is the glass works “Rusdzham” as first of all nitrogen oxides are its by-products.
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Baltrėnaitė, Edita, Pranas Baltrėnas, and Donald Huisingh. "Technogenic metallic elements in biomass and their effects on biomass product properties." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 68, no. 8 (December 1, 2019): 623–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2019.082.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Availability of clean water and sustainable management of water are among the 17 global ‘Sustainable Development Goals,’ established by the United Nations. The increasing technogenesis-related pollution causes increases the concentrations of many metallic elements (MEs) throughout the biosphere. The syngenetic bio-incorporation of MEs changes the biomass's chemical and physical composition and impacts the quality of products, e.g. biochar (BC). This has impacts upon BCs potential for adsorption of water pollutants. While direct, engineered modification of BC can improve its adsorption characteristics, the more indirect alterations of BC composition, based on syngenetic elements, also modifies BCs adsorption functionality. The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of syngenetically accumulated MEs in ligneous biomass on the adsorptive properties of the BCs derived from such modified biomasses. The authors of this paper investigated the syngenetic pathway of MEs into the ligneous biomass and provided an overview of the forms and quantities of MEs in the biomass and their transformation to BC. The early results of the effects of syngenetic MEs on the adsorptive properties of BC from ligneous biomass are presented. The results suggest that additional syngenetical MEs result in increases in the adsorptive properties of the resultant biomass-derived BCs.
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Zinnatullina, A. N., and M. N. Shamsiev. "Modeling for the Spread of Water Pollution under Hydraulic Structure with a Rabbet." Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 8, no. 3 (August 15, 2019): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2019.8.3.112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In industry and agriculture, along with the increasing influence of various technogenic factors on the environment, there is an important problem of protecting water resources from pollution and salinization, as well as the problem of protecting natural water bodies from pollutants. The solution of these problems essentially depends on the results of a mathematical study of the mass transfer processes of migrating substances in the filtration of groundwater. In this paper, we simulate the process of spreading water pollution under the hydraulic structure of a complex architecture. The unsteady equation of the process of mass transfer of pollutants during the filtration of groundwater was approximated by the finite difference method, while the procedure “weighting upstream” was used to approximate the convective terms. The results of calculations showed that the pollution of the downstream of a hydraulic structure depends on the number of rabbets and their location along the underground circuit. The obtained results can be used in monitoring and building predictive estimates of the migration regime of pollution under a hydraulic structure in real time.
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Kurolap, S. A., V. S. Petrosyan, O. V. Klepikov, V. V. Kulnev, and D. Yu Martynov. "Environmental Assessment of the Impact of Meteorological Parameters on Man-Made Pollution by Carcinogenicly Dangerous Chemicals in the Voronezh Air Basin." Ecology and Industry of Russia 25, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2021-2-60-65.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Based on the analysis of official statistics from the Voronezh Hydrometeorological Service, the patterns of the dynamics of pollutants (formaldehyde and soot) are investigated depending on the combination of various meteorological parameters — air temperature, wind speed, relative air humidity. A positive relationship has been established between the increase in atmospheric pollution with formaldehyde and air temperature. With increasing wind speed and relative humidity, the concentration of formaldehyde and soot in the atmosphere of the city, as a rule, decrease. The maximum permissible level of carcinogenic risk to public health has been established, causing concern. The obtained patterns can be used to predict the level of technogenic pollution of the city’s atmosphere, depending on meteorological conditions.
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Khamitova, R. Ya. "THE ROLE OF POLLUTANTS OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND PESTICIDES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 1296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-11-1296-1301.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. Primary and secondary review of epidemiological studies on the importance of atmospheric air pollutants and chemical pesticides for the development of diabetes mellitus is presented. Material and methods. The article includes reviews using the ISI-Web of Science, EMBASE and PubMed database for systematic review and meta-analysis, and original studies from PubMed and RISC until March 2018 to assess the cause-effect relationships of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with air pollutants and chemical pesticides. Results. Chemical pollution is considered as a new risk factor for insulin resistance and development of CD2, although the number of publications is limited, and the degree of validity of the findings is very wide. The evidence base for the effect on the incidence of diabetes type 2 is the most complete for organochlorine pesticides (DDT, DDE, HCH) and persistent organic pollutants, which are impurities of the commodity forms of individual preparations. It is supported by systematic reviews, meta-analysis, survey results, the content of active ingredients in biomaterial, risk calculations. Data for assessing the interrelationships of diabetes and glyphosates, chlorophenoxyacetates, pyrethroids and other pesticides widely used in the last two decades are insufficient for statistical generalizations. Intermediate position on the degree of evidence of diabetogenic properties occupies air pollutants (PM2,5, PM10, NO2). The role of the genetic component, obesity, metabolic disorders for the incidence of diabetes in conditions of technogenic pollution is discussed. Conclusion. Targeted epidemiological studies are needed on the environmental risks associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus caused by air pollutants and pesticides used at this stage for the organization of preventive measures.
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Nemenushcha, Svetlana, Yevhenii Kotliar, Olena Fesenko, and Victoria Lysyuk. "Monitoring of the Environmental Technogenic Hazard of the Oil Extraction Plant." Materials Science Forum 1006 (August 2020): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1006.208.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In Ukraine there is a tendency to increase the number of man-made emergencies, which directly affects the state of the environment and the population. Particularly dangerous situations are formed in case of disturbance of objects with high risk conditions, which include oil extraction enterprises. Observing the state of the environment and the operation of technological equipment at such enterprises, warning of the risk of emergencies that are hazardous to human health and the environment, are the basis and task of monitoring. The results of engineering and ecological analysis of the state of ecological and technogenic danger on the example of private joint-stock company «Kropyvnytskyi oil extraction plant» are presented in the work. The main probable factors of its formation at each technological stage of production are established. The sources of environmental and human hazards are technological equipment and materials. Pollutants of land, water and atmospheric air are dust of vegetable origin and meal, solvent of hexane and its vapors, carbon dioxide and washing solution - soda ash, etc. Expert evaluation of the main production operation - oil extraction was carried out in detail. The extraction process is the main production operation for both press oil and extraction oil, as well as cake and meal. The results of the study can be used to clarify the program of monitoring the sources of technogenic and environmental risk at high risk facilities, planning activities and means of improving the resilience of the enterprises of the industry, preventing emergencies and minimizing their consequences. Awareness enhances management efficiency and minimizes environmental and population risks.
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Бойко, Оксана Витальевна, Ю. И. Доценко, Н. И. Гудинская, В. И. Бойко, Р. И. Мухамедзянова, Д. М. Козак, and Ф. С. Стенькин. "Effect of pollutants on biochemical properties of microorganisms." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 4 (May 26, 2020): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-4-368-378.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The development of different ways of identifying hazard of substances, polluting the environment, that are alternative to routine methods for assessing health of different professional groups of people, as well as to tests on laboratory animals, has been assessed and summarized in a number of papers, and there is a growing volume of actual data on this issue. The analyzing pathogenic properties of microflora, isolated from polluted habitats or changed under the effect of pollutants, allows both assessing the risk of diseases with microbial etiology and identifying the influence of modifying factors on this process. Materials and methods. The research was performed on 150 cultures of Klebsiella pneumoniae, exposed to diethanolamine, phenol, sulfuric and nitric acids, taken at the level of their threshold limit value. The same cultures incubated without pollutants were used as a control group. Pathogenic factors were determined with the use of traditional methods, our modified methods (RNAase activity) and standard agents, kits and media. Results. The contact with all the pollutants resulted in a fair increase in adhesive, anti-Ig, lysozyme, anti-lysozyme and RNAase activities of microorganisms, their resistance to antibacterial action of blood serum, as well as to damaging action of lactoferrin. The bacteria increased their ability to synthesize a substance, immunologically similar to human lactoferrin. At the same time, there was a decrease in lipase activity, primarily referred to factors determining the bacterial ability to survive in the environment. Discussion. Therefore, the paper results can be presented as follows: being an independent and holistic section of modern microbiology, bacterial biochemistry unites the issues appeared to be far from each other - changes in factors of pathogenicity and persistence of microorganisms and technogenic changeability of the environment. Being quite urgent today, this problem may become aggravated in the course of further technological progress.
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Boiko, Oksana V., Yu I. Dotsenko, N. I. Gudinskaya, V. I. Boiko, R. I. Mukhamedzyanova, D. M. Kozak, and F. S. Stenkin. "Effect of pollutants on biochemical properties of microorganisms." Hygiene and sanitation 99, no. 4 (May 26, 2020): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33029/0016-9900-2020-99-4-368-378.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction. The development of different ways of identifying hazard of substances, polluting the environment, that are alternative to routine methods for assessing health of different professional groups of people, as well as to tests on laboratory animals, has been assessed and summarized in a number of papers, and there is a growing volume of actual data on this issue. The analyzing pathogenic properties of microflora, isolated from polluted habitats or changed under the effect of pollutants, allows both assessing the risk of diseases with microbial etiology and identifying the influence of modifying factors on this process. Materials and methods. The research was performed on 150 cultures of Klebsiella pneumoniae, exposed to diethanolamine, phenol, sulfuric and nitric acids, taken at the level of their threshold limit value. The same cultures incubated without pollutants were used as a control group. Pathogenic factors were determined with the use of traditional methods, our modified methods (RNAase activity) and standard agents, kits and media. Results. The contact with all the pollutants resulted in a fair increase in adhesive, anti-Ig, lysozyme, anti-lysozyme and RNAase activities of microorganisms, their resistance to antibacterial action of blood serum, as well as to damaging action of lactoferrin. The bacteria increased their ability to synthesize a substance, immunologically similar to human lactoferrin. At the same time, there was a decrease in lipase activity, primarily referred to factors determining the bacterial ability to survive in the environment. Discussion. Therefore, the paper results can be presented as follows: being an independent and holistic section of modern microbiology, bacterial biochemistry unites the issues appeared to be far from each other - changes in factors of pathogenicity and persistence of microorganisms and technogenic changeability of the environment. Being quite urgent today, this problem may become aggravated in the course of further technological progress.
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Дега, Н., N. Dega, В. Онищенко, V. Onishchenko, Э. Байчорова, and E. Baychorova. "Geo-Ecological Transformations of Atmospheric Air in Technogenic Environment of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic." Safety in Technosphere 6, no. 6 (May 23, 2018): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5af016327197f1.99123383.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the structure of Karachay-Cherkess Republic’s production emissions prevail solid matters, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, white damps. These categories of pollutants are the most significant in negative impact both on environment and on human health. The carried-out assessment of atmospheric air’s impurity degree on complex indexes revealed excess of concentrations as follows: ammonia and formaldehyde in Ust-Dzhegutinsky district by a factor of 1.1 and 1.3 MAC respectively; ammonia in Prikubansky district by a factor of 1.2 MAC; formaldehyde in Malokarachayevsky district by a factor of 1.1 MAC. The complex index of atmosphere pollution in the republic territory has reached maximal values in Ust-Dzhegutinsky district where increased level of air environment pollution is created. In other republic districts this index has lower values which are not causing essential violations in the air environment’s common chemical background. Information transfer visualization with application of Geoinformational technologies has allowed pass from traditional use of cards only as information accumulation means to application of geographic information systems as tools for complex analysis, reconstruction and forecasting of development for separate phenomena, territories, geo-systems.
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Gorsky, Andrey. "ASSESSMENT OF THE TECHNOGENIC IMPACT OF STATIONARY SOURCES OF POLLUTION ON THE CONDITION OF THE AIR POOL OF THE KYIV AGGLOMERATION." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 9(28) (2021): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689.2021.9(28).10.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of the article is to assess the impact of stationary sources of pollution of the Kyiv agglomeration on the state of its air basin. Atmospheric air pollution is known to be one of the leading elements in assessing the quality of human habitat because it has a detrimental effect on human health. The object of the study is the state of the atmospheric air of the agglomeration. The subject of the study is air pollution by stationary sources, identification of major pollutants, assessment of their man-made load on the air by emissions, by types of harmful substances, taking into account their danger by the values of maximum permissible daily concentrations and hazard class. Scientific and methodological support of monitoring tasks, comprehensive assessment of air pollution of agglomerations, both cities and their rural areas, is becoming increasingly important, especially where there are powerful stationary sources of air pollution. In the course of the research the enterprises – the main air pollutants of the agglomeration were identified, their emissions by types of harmful impurities were analyzed. The calculation of indicators of the hazard category of enterprises (HCE) on the volume of emissions, taking into account the values of the maximum allowable average daily concentrations and the hazard class of pollutants. To conduct a comprehensive assessment of man-made impact on the air, the calculation of the hazard indicator of the emission structure (HES) is proposed and their calculation is performed for certain enterprises. According to the proposed methodological approach, the values of aggregate indicators of man-caused load (MCLI) for stationary sources of pollution by numerical values of their HCE and HES are obtained. They comprehensively reflect the load on the air both due to emissions and due to the danger of harmful substances. Important measures to reduce volumes and improve the risk of emissions of harmful substances at enterprises are also indicated. Undoubtedly, promising methods are the study of air pollution in large cities and agglomerations, which are based on the use of geographic information technologies.
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Gutova, Mariya, Hassan Flefel', and Marina Andryushechkina. "Assessment of the ecological well-being of the rivers of the Middle Urals in areas with increased technogenic load." Agrarian Bulletin of the 198, no. 7 (July 31, 2020): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2020-198-7-41-46.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract. The purpose of our work was to assess the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of surface water bodies exposed to industrial enterprises and located in close proximity to agricultural land. The environmental condition of industrial regions is determined by the specifics of their development. Recently, vast territories of cities and agricultural lands have been subjected to a high degree of technogenic pollution, which is caused by excessive concentration of production and its continuous and long-term negative impact on natural complexes, which causes a sharp reduction in natural resource potential and its degradation [1, p. 200]. Methods. The article examined the ecological status of flowing water bodies in some areas of the Sverdlovsk region. Assessment of the ecological state of the rivers was assessed by physicochemical and chemical indicators, which included mineralization, hydrogen, and the concentration of salts of heavy metals. Results. During the study, we took water samples from 5 rivers flowing in areas with different technogenic loads. In the hot study, violations were identified by physico-chemical and chemical indicators. At the same time, excesses in mineralization were noted in the rivers of the Artinskiy district, indicators here ranged from 335, which refers to the average mineralization group up to 509 mg/dm3, which refers the river to the group of mineralization increased, almost all the rivers under study have a neutral reaction in terms of hydrogen value. The excess of MPC was noted in the rivers mainly cobalt, manganese, copper, nickel, lead and zinc, while the excess for various metals ranged from 1 to 32 MPC. Scientific novelty. As a result of the study, the most polluted of the rivers studied by us was determined, which is located in the zone of increased technogenic load and it is noted that the maximum concentration of pollutants falls on the Kamenskiy district.
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Kazantsev, Ivan Victorovich, and Tatyana Borisovna Matveeva. "Contents of heavy metals in the soil cover in the conditions of technogenesis." Samara Journal of Science 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20161107.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper examines pollution of soils with heavy metals under technogenic impact. The ways and means of pollutants receipt in soils and their accumulation in soils located in the drainage of railway are described. The role of roadside forest belts on the distribution of pollutants is examined. Determination of heavy metals content in soils was carried out by the x-ray fluorescence method. The results of heavy metal soil pollution in comparison with Clarke value, maximum permissible concentration and regional background levels are represented. The study of heavy metals content was carried out in the soils of right-of-way on the Samara-Syzran section of the Kuibyshev railway, as well as in suburban forests and urban parks of Samara (Botanical garden, Country Park). These areas are exposed to significant anthropogenic impact. Studies have shown that in these areas an increased content of some heavy metals in soils is observed. The main elements present in anthropogenic flows of pollution are copper, nickel, chromium, zinc and lead. This result does not contradict the standard environmental situation. These materials can serve as a basis for further monitoring of suburban forests of Samara green zone and transport facilities
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Galdeeva, Olga Fedorovna, Olga Viktorovna Kozlovskaya, and Alina Yurievna Kopnina. "Ecological aspects of heavy metals accumulation in higher aquatic plants in the process of phytoremediation." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201873104.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper deals with pollution of natural and waste waters with heavy metals in the conditions of technogenic impact. It describes one of the numerous methods for neutralizing various contaminants in the aquatic environment, in particular phytoremediation, which has been used for more than 50 years in various countries. The paper considers the role of higher aquatic plants which, according to a variety of confirmatory studies, can be used to extract toxic components from natural and waste water - heavy metal ions. The authors consider a possibility of inorganic origin pollutants extraction with the help of higher water plants of Myriophyllum verticillatum L. and Elodea canadensis Michx. in laboratory conditions. The authors determined pollutants concentration change dependence in the solution with a process duration of less than 10 hours. The authors proved that the maximum purification efficiency is achieved only with the combined use of higher aquatic plants and perfetron. The results of the studies indicate a possibility of water purification from heavy metal ions (ferric iron, bivalent copper, bichromate ions) with the help of higher water plants Myriophyllum verticillatum L. and Elodea canadensis Michx.
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Vinogradova, Elena Nikolaevna. "Morphometric analysis of the annual shoot of the Acer negundo L. plants, growing in conditions of exposure to technogenic pollution of Donbass." Samara Journal of Science 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20163102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For estimation of quality of the environment in industrial regions, along with the methods of instrumental analysis, the methods of bioindication are rather relevant, foremost phytoindication. The influence of air pollutants during ontogenesis results in violation of normal vital functions of arboreal plants, the integral index of the vital state of which is the intensity of vegetative growth. Parameters, characterizing the plant growth, can be quite informative for the bioindication of level of the technogenic contamination of environment. This article presents the results of analysis of coke production emissions influence and transport on the morphometric indexes of annual vegetative shoots of Acer negundo L. It is shown that the influence of airpollutants leads to inhibition of the development of annual shoot. The reduction in the length of annual shoot (22-26%) and the number of its structural elements is accompanied by a decrease in mass (33-49%) and area (27-45%) of leaves, indicating xerophytization of shoots under the influence of emissions. The greatest changes are revealed in A. negundo trunk from plantations, experiencing, along with the influence of exhaust gas, the extremely adverse conditions of root nutrition. High sensitivity to technogenic emissions of such morphometric parameters of A. negundo as the length of annual shoots, the total weight and area of shoot leaves allows to use them in monitoring researches of vegetation condition and environmental pollution in the industrial regions.
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Vasilevich, M. I., R. S. Vasilevich, D. N. Gabov, and B. M. Kondratenok. "Evaluation of aerial technogenic pollution near industrial enterprises in the tundra zone (by the example of Vorkuta city)." Геоэкология. Инженерная геология. Гидрогеология. Геокриология, no. 6 (December 21, 2019): 94–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-78092019694-105.
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The quantitative chemical analysis of snow cover has been carried out for the Vorkuta agglomeration territory. The on-site ingress of pollutants in close proximity to industrial enterprises in Vorkuta is calculated. The schematic maps of substance distribution in snow in the studied area are built using space images. The control levels of aerotechnogenic pollution are established for the city, industrial zones and adjacent territories for the purpose of subsequent ecological monitoring. The pH value of snowmelt water reaches 6.5-7.2 due to a high content of alkaline components (calcium and magnesium carbonates) in snow. The snow cover of the Vorkuta agglomeration is highly enriched with heavy metals. The maximum permissible concentrations are exceeded for manganese, nickel, aluminum, vanadium, molybdenum and mercury. High concentrations of mercury in snow are supposedly related to coal combustion at the thermal power plant. After that mercury may be occluded on a surface of coal particles and ashes. It is shown that it is possible to establish the zones of the greatest aerogenic impact according to the content of mercury and vanadium in the snow. Factor analysis was used to identify the mechanisms of pollutants and factors forming the chemical composition of the snow cover. The share of elements in the suspended solids is more than 60% of their total content in snowmelt water. High concentrations of suspended particles (up to 720 mg/dm3) were observed in the snow of Vorkuta. The most severe pollution of the snow cover is registered in close proximity to thermal power plant №2. According to the calculations of the total pollution index, the highest excess of substance increment over the background level was noted in the sanitary protection zone around the thermal power plant №2.