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1
Ortiz Maldonado, Natalia, and Gonzalo S. Aguirre. "The Birth of Techno-Logos." Philosophy Today 63, no. 3 (2019): 601–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtoday20191030283.
Анотація:
We propose to approach Simondon’s writing as a techno-aesthetic object, as a singular prose of thought. To do so requires assuming Simondon’s technological proposal as the creation of a new mode of knowledge about the technicality of objects, abandoning the idea that the word “technology” can serve to designate a given state of things. This proposal, cultural and educational at the same time, requires a new way of approaching the world, starting with the way we approach reading. The techno-aesthetics of Simondon’s writing also requires a techno-aesthetic reading.
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Yonaldi, Sepris, Melinda Noer, Yulia Hendri Yeni, and Nofialdi. "Techno-Sociopreneur In Improving Competitiveness of Agricultural Commodities." Journal of Agri Socio Economics and Business 5, no. 02 (December 5, 2023): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jaseb.05.2.13-22.
Анотація:
This paper contributes to providing an understanding of the dynamics of Techno-sociopreneur in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities. First, this paper will explain the concept of Techno-sociopreneur in agricultural development from the beginning of the concept used in a scientific context. Then it will also be explained what are the components forming Techno-sociopreneur development in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities, and what variables will be the novelty of research in Techno-sociopreneur research in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review system from various best journal sources on Google Scholar, Garba Digital Reference (Garuda), Scinence direct and other relevant sources. The conclusion of this article is to explain the development of the concept of Techno-sociopreneur agricultural development can be categorized into scientific concepts of study, namely a) Innovation, b) Support of Stake Holders, c) Social, Cultural and Economic environment, and d) Empowerment. Research questions for the future related to Techno-sociopreneur based on local economic institutions in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities which point to the context of the impact of Techno-sociopreneur in agricultural development, the role of Techno-sociopreneur based on local economic institutions in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities and Techno-sociopreneur factor based on local economic institutions in increasing commodity competitiveness horticultural agriculture. Because studies on this have not been carried out by previous researchers both in developed countries and in developing countries.
3
Yonaldi, Sepris, Melinda Noer, Yulia Hendri Yeni, and Nofialdi. "Techno-Sociopreneur In Improving Competitiveness of Agricultural Commodities." Journal of Agri Socio Economics and Business 5, no. 02 (December 5, 2023): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jaseb.5.2.13-22.
Анотація:
This paper contributes to providing an understanding of the dynamics of Techno-sociopreneur in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities. First, this paper will explain the concept of Techno-sociopreneur in agricultural development from the beginning of the concept used in a scientific context. Then it will also be explained what are the components forming Techno-sociopreneur development in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities, and what variables will be the novelty of research in Techno-sociopreneur research in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review system from various best journal sources on Google Scholar, Garba Digital Reference (Garuda), Scinence direct and other relevant sources. The conclusion of this article is to explain the development of the concept of Techno-sociopreneur agricultural development can be categorized into scientific concepts of study, namely a) Innovation, b) Support of Stake Holders, c) Social, Cultural and Economic environment, and d) Empowerment. Research questions for the future related to Techno-sociopreneur based on local economic institutions in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities which point to the context of the impact of Techno-sociopreneur in agricultural development, the role of Techno-sociopreneur based on local economic institutions in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities and Techno-sociopreneur factor based on local economic institutions in increasing commodity competitiveness horticultural agriculture. Because studies on this have not been carried out by previous researchers both in developed countries and in developing countries.
4
Pietersen, Doniwen, Dean Collin Langeveldt, and Arrie Van Wyk. "Techno-Rationalism and Higher Educational Law: Examining Legal Frameworks in Southern African Universities from a Freirean Critical Pedagogy Perspective." Journal of Culture and Values in Education 6, no. 3 (December 14, 2023): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46303/jcve.2023.26.
Анотація:
This conceptual article explores the profound impact of techno-rationalism on educational law in Southern African universities. It also examines the influence of techno-rationalism on equity, social justice and academic freedom within higher education in the digital era. The article critically analyses the reshaping of educational law in Southern Africa by considering technological advancements, economic forces, affective factors and socio-cultural dynamics. It aims to investigate whether the implementation of techno-rationalist discourses hinders social justice aspirations in universities. Additionally, the article explores how pervasive neoliberalism and market-driven logic are at universities, questioning whether these practices overshadow the institution’s core objectives and commitment to social justice. The article envisions possibilities for reconceptualising the university in the era of techno-rationalism through the critical pedagogy theory. This theory is relevant to this work because it promotes an emancipatory theoretical framework that challenges learning environments, especially higher education institutions, where people might be politically, socially and economically disempowered. It also calls for a holistic approach to knowledge, curriculum and pedagogy that recognises the university’s embeddedness in a broader ecological and socio-cultural context. Through this exploration, the article contributes to the scholarly discourse on the decolonisation of universities and seeks to inspire new lines of enquiry addressing inequality and the pursuit of social justice in Southern African higher education institutions.
5
Maglione, Giuseppe. "Techno-sovereignism: the political rationality of contemporary Italian populism." Theory and Society 50, no. 5 (February 7, 2021): 791–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11186-021-09429-1.
Анотація:
AbstractThis article provides an original exploration of the self-identified populist coalition leading the Italian government between 2018 and 2019. The analysis, informed by a governmentality approach, starts by scrutinising the economic, social, and cultural issues framed as political “problems” by the coalition, also highlighting the tensions underlying such constructions. The second step charts how this political subject sought to address those problems by deploying an array of political technologies. From examining these two dimensions, the article then can discern the composite rationality—techno-sovereignism—that drove precariously the coalition’s art of government. Finally, the article sketches out some forms of contestation against the techno-sovereignist operations, whose significance may stretch beyond the Italian borders. Overall, although the Italian populist coalition turned out to be ephemeral, the dynamics that characterized its emergence and functioning could still be used heuristically to understand the interactions and reciprocal adjustments possibly used by right-wing and technocratic populist groups to exert political power conjointly.
6
Wang, Wensheng. "The Value and Prospect of the Needham Question: A Historiographical Reflection and Elaboration." Journal of World History 35, no. 1 (March 2024): 119–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2024.a920673.
Анотація:
Abstract: This article revisits the classic Needham question by reassessing its heuristic value, analytical pitfalls, and historiographical significance. It also examines the definition, logic (internal and external), and modernity of science before providing a macro-comparative view of its early modern development at both ends of Eurasia. This article advocates a more eclectic approach to the history of techno-science that combines different sets of seemingly dichotomous variables with the aim of explaining its diversified change in different spatial-temporal contexts. It concludes by calling attention to the enigma of China’s techno-scientific resurgence over the past several decades, which constitutes a modern sequel to the Needham puzzle that foregrounds its growing contemporary, futuristic, and global relevance. Needham’s powerful narrative on cross-cultural dialog, earnest desire to fuse Eastern and Western science as well as optimistic vision of human progress are the most important intellectual legacy of his pioneering work.
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Falcucci, Armando, and Marco Peresani. "The contribution of integrated 3D model analysis to Protoaurignacian stone tool design." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (May 18, 2022): e0268539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268539.
Анотація:
Protoaurignacian foragers relied heavily on the production and use of bladelets. Techno-typological studies of these implements have provided insights into crucial aspects of cultural variability. However, new technologies have seldom been used to quantify patterns of stone tool design. Taking advantage of a new scanning protocol and open-source software, we conduct the first 3D analysis of a Protoaurignacian assemblage, focusing on the selection and modification of blades and bladelets. We study a large dataset of complete blanks and retouched tools from the early Protoaurignacian assemblage at Fumane Cave in northeastern Italy. Our main goal is to validate and refine previous techno-typological considerations employing a 3D geometric morphometrics approach complemented by 2D analysis of cross-section outlines and computation of retouch angle. The encouraging results show the merits of the proposed integrated approach and confirm that bladelets were the main focus of stone knapping at the site. Among modified bladelets, various retouching techniques were applied to achieve specific shape objectives. We suggest that the variability observed among retouched bladelets relates to the design of multi-part artifacts that need to be further explored via renewed experimental and functional studies.
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McClure, Sarah B. "Gender, Technology, and Evolution: Cultural Inheritance Theory and Prehistoric Potters in Valencia, Spain." American Antiquity 72, no. 3 (July 2007): 485–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40035857.
Анотація:
In this paper I explore the potential of cultural inheritance theory to address the specific social contexts of craft production in prehistoric societies. Proponents of agency theory have criticized the “techno-science” approach of scholars working with other theoretical paradigms and their unwillingness or inability to focus on human behavior instead of material remains. By emphasizing the social and contextual nature of technological practices, the critique has successfully high-lighted the need to engender prehistoric technological practices. Cultural inheritance theory, one of several complementary currents in evolutionary archaeology, is particularly well suited to identify specific social contexts of craft production and provides a well-grounded framework for engendering prehistoric technological practices. Neolithic ceramic technology from Valencia, Spain provides a case study.
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Broadey, Andy. "Montage after Navigation." Arts 12, no. 3 (May 12, 2023): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts12030101.
Анотація:
The concept of navigation, introduced by Harun Farocki in his lecture Computer Animation Rules, explains the digital/algorithmic choreography of consumer behaviour through media platforms. This article contends navigational connectivity is a cybernetic operating structure for capital, which mediates the techno-geographic milieu of the capitalocene and is a key factor in the present destabilization of earth systems. There is, therefore, an urgent need to formulate ways of disarticulating navigational processes to fragment global capitalism and re-establish a diversification of local cultures. We undertake this task in tandem with the critical project of cosmotechnics developed by Yuk Hui and examine how an ontological disagreement between Gilles Deleuze and Quentin Meillassoux shapes Hui’s analysis of cybernetics. Contra Meillassoux’s correlationist reading, we argue Deleuze foregrounds machinic becoming through a primal contact with the virtual and claim practices of montage are machines of analysis that dismantle navigational connections and establish alternate patterns of feedback estranged from the capitalist process. To this end, we examine models of montage developed by Jacques Rancière, Farocki and Deleuze, and consider the potential of such models to function as machines of navigational disarticulation and cultural pluralization. This approach reframes user engagement as modulative becoming in a manner that introduces new techno-cultural-geographic conjunctions appropriate to cosmotechnics.
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Liaqat, Amna, Benett Axtell, and Cosmin Munteanu. ""With a hint she will remember": Collaborative Storytelling and Culture Sharing between Immigrant Grandparents and Grandchildren Via Magic Thing Designs." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, CSCW2 (November 7, 2022): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3555158.
Анотація:
The timeless social activity of passing down oral stories preserves family memory, identity, values, and culture. Existing tools for family memories often take a techno-determinist approach by focusing on the mechanics of connecting families and the resulting documentation, rather than the social process of sharing stories and morals, and largely without considering the specific needs of immigrant families. For immigrant families, cultural exchange, particularly crucial across grandparent and grandchild generations, is threatened by the language and cultural barriers emerging from displacement and migration. As a result, immigrant grandparents and their young grandchildren struggle with fostering social kinship, leading to social disconnect and loss of cultural heritage. In our research, we collaborate with multi-generational and culturally-at-risk immigrant families through Participatory Design activities towards the design of reminiscence tools that support their needs focusing on language and cultural connection. We report on the designs created by families and propose design guidelines supporting cultural resilience, focusing on flexible, visual storytelling.
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Bruni, Luis Emilio. "Biosemiotics and ecological monitoring." Sign Systems Studies 29, no. 1 (December 31, 2001): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2001.29.1.18.
Анотація:
During the recent decades, a global culrural-institutional network has gradually grown lip to project, implement, and use an enormous technological web that is supposed to observe, monitor, communicate, inventory, and assess our environment and its biodiversity in order to implement sustainable management models. The majority of "knowledge tools" that have been incorporated in the mainstream of this "techno-web" are amply based on a combination of mechanistic biology, genetic reductionism, economical determinism and neo-Darwinian cultural and biological perspectives. These approaches leave aside many of the qualitative and relational aspects that can only be grasped by considering the semiotic networks operative in complex ecological and cultural systems. In this paper, it is suggested that a biosemiotic approach to ecology may prove useful for the modelling process which in turn will allow the construction of meaningful monitoring systems. It is aJso advanced that it may as well serve to better integrate our understanding and monitoring of ecosystems into the cultural process of searching for (human) sustainability.
12
Solomko, Dmitry. "Techno-technologized world in the light of paradigmatic philosophical and methodological principles." Socium i vlast, no. 2 (2023): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2023-2-16-26.
Анотація:
Introduction. The human world is presented as an integrity — an organic unity of many inter- connected and interdependent centers (parts, sides, elements): natural and cultural, natural and artificial, animate and inanimate. When any center dominates over others (for example, technical and technological) and / or attempts to realize its claim to the status of a whole, the agreed and optimal ra- tio in the coexistence and synergistic development of all centers, and, consequently, of the whole, is violated. There arises an ecosystem problem. The purpose of the study is to present and analyze the techno-technologized world in the context of current philosophical and scientific methodologi- cal principles: polycentricity, complexity, network- centricity, and ecosystem; to designate their theoretical and practical significance, interdepend- ence; to substantiate the principle of ecosystems as more general and fundamental and to present its effectiveness in preserving the integrity of man, his world and the full value of human being-in-the- world. Methods. The author uses methods of dialectics, synergetics and systemic approach in the philo- sophical understanding of the specifics of the modern techno-technological world and a person’s existence in it. The author also uses the methods of extrapolation and interpretation, the ideas of B. Latour’s actor-network theory, and ecosystem approach. Scientific novelty of the research. The author projects the key attitudes and concepts of the actual conceptual and paradigm principles on the techno-technological world, and formulates the main advantages and disadvantages. The author substantially justifies that the principle of ecosys- tem is the most effective in solving the problem of preserving and reproducing the integrity of the human world, the person himself and his being. Results. The author carries out theoretical and methodological analysis of the techno-technolo- gized world and a person’s existence in it. It has been determined that when solving the problem of preserving and reproducing the integrity of a person and his world, the principle of ecosystems is the most effective and preferable. The ecosystem principle implies the synergistic unity of all centers of human existence, their interdependence and interconnection, ensures the priority of the whole for the benefit of each center, expressed in mutual strengthening and expansion of their potential. Conclusions. The author comes to the conclusion that the application of relevant paradigm principles in studying and analyzing the techno-technological world will make it possible to obtain a more mul- tidimensional and accurate interpretation of the ways and means of achieving a full-fledged human being, with a focus on preserving his identity, origi- nality, subjectivity and integrity.
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Emikh, Natalya Aleksandrovna, and Marina Nikolaevna Fomina. "Specifics of the new paradigm of higher education in the context of its digitalization." Science for Education Today 13, no. 4 (August 31, 2023): 100–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/2658-6762.2304.05.
Анотація:
Introduction. The article examines the problem of digital transformation of higher education. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of the new paradigm of higher education in the context of its digitalization. Materials and Methods. The methodology of scientific research consists of phenomenological, philosophical and anthropological approaches and the principle of correlation, which allow us to consider the problem under study in the context of substantiating a new paradigm of higher education, identifying its specifics. The research methods include a comparative analysis of scientific theories and concepts, which allows to reveal the opportunities and risks of digital education in the international field, as well as synthesis and generalization. Following the paradigm approach makes it possible to explain addressing the interpretation of the new educational paradigm. Results. The authors consider the problem of digital education, defined as a change in the relationship between a person and digital technologies, on the one hand, and as the development of a relationship between a person and a cultural and communication environment, on the other hand. The specifics of the new (techno-anthropo-oriented) paradigm of higher education in the context of its digitalization are revealed. The new paradigm is a reflection that demonstrates the interaction of a person with the technological environment; its content is the cultural and communication environment where a new type of dialogue is formed on the basis of practice. Within the new paradigm, a person who creates meaning appears as a creator of themselves and the meaning of cultural communication by means of digital technologies. The techno-cultural function of the paradigm allows to act in the educational process of value-semantic and digital cultural-instrumental practices. The authors argue that in the new paradigm of education, a person surrounded by technology is focused on a new type of dialogue, strives to possess digital culture, to be its member and creator. Conclusions. The authors summarize the characteristic features of the new paradigm of higher education in the context of its digitalization.
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Kumar, Manashvi. "Demand for Local Renewable Energy Systems: Evidence from North and Middle Andamans." Indian Journal of Public Administration 65, no. 2 (June 2019): 346–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556119840908.
Анотація:
Energy has an innate anthropogenic (human) dimension. Human beings are central to the theme of energy generation and its final consumption. Energy generation and its distribution as a resource governs every aspect of human life on a daily basis. This element necessitates critical understanding of demand aggregation and profiling across socio-cultural systems. The requirement of energy in terms of quantity and quality is emphatically embedded in the socio-cultural ethos of an end-user, the socio-cultural setting of which one is a part. Understanding this aspect is critical for scheduling the supply of energy. Policy issues related to demand side management arise from lack of understanding of behavioural issues of consumers. It stems from community alienation, in planning for generation, transmission and distribution of power. Any techno-economic mega system for power generation is embedded in local socio-cultural systems that comprise all beneficiaries, close or remote. The rural energy landscape needs to be located in different geo-climatic zones and physiographic (physical attributes of landforms such as plateaus, plains, hills, valleys, deserts, islands, etc.) divisions. The study provides an empirical approach for rural energy demand aggregation, drawn from specific socio-cultural system in India.
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Park, Eun Soo, and An Yong Lee. "Techno-Cultural Factors Affecting Policy Decision-Making: A Social Network Analysis of South Korea’s Local Spatial Planning Policy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (November 25, 2020): 8746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238746.
Анотація:
Increasing interest in various local construction forms necessitate examining its link to human life. Construction culture should be adapted and applied to the contemporary context to create a harmonious coexistence with diverse local cultures and to strengthen regional sustainability, avoiding the rigid, one-dimensional local construction development. Thus, this study aims to analyze the factors of influence needed for policy decision-making at the local spatial planning stage, with regional technologies and cultural contents from a convergent perspective taken into consideration. This study derived tangible and intangible policy decision-making factors during the spatial planning stage using text mining analysis. Additionally, social network analysis was also used to seek multi-angle correlations among factors. Through big data analytics, 16 key decision-making contents in the spatial planning stage were derived, with ‘regional development, urban policy’ as most influential. Such a result indicates the need for regional and urban policy engagement with strategic development from a holistic perspective—in view of socio-cultural relations and forms of change—and local perceptions of spatial value and significance affecting decision-making in the local spatial planning stage (LSPS). Understanding the decision-making process in the spatial planning stage requires a holistic approach with both visible technological factors (structure, form, and construction method) and invisible cultural factors (ways of life projected during space formation, zeitgeist, religion, learning, and art) included.
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Oliveira, Larayne Gallo Farias, Lislaine Aparecida Fracolli, Alfredo Almeida Pina-Oliveira, Anna Luiza de Fátima Pinho Lins Gryschek, Débora Rodrigues Vaz, Everton Edjar Atadeu Da Silva, Talitha Zileno Pereira, Daniela Silva Campos, Daniela Cristina Geraldo, and Laiza Gallo Farias. "The challenge of cultural changes for the reorganization of the health service." CONTRIBUCIONES A LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES 17, no. 2 (February 8, 2024): e4287. http://dx.doi.org/10.55905/revconv.17n.2-024.
Анотація:
To explore the impact of cultural changes on the reorganization of health services, highlighting the importance of valuing the multidisciplinary team for Primary Health Care. This is a reflective analysis based on the discursive expression of the obstacles faced by cultural changes in the restructuring of health services in PHC with a view to the performance of the multidisciplinary team. This study had its origins in the provocations and debates promoted by the Research Group "Techno-Care Models and Health Promotion" at the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo (EEUSP). A literature review was carried out to compile evidence and analysis related to the challenges of cultural changes in the reorganization of health services. The content was divided into two points of reflection: the figure of the doctor in the health context and the cultural obstacles in the reorganization of the health service. Resistance rooted in organizational culture, marked by traditions and norms, is a significant obstacle to the introduction of innovations in PHC. Overcoming these barriers demands a profound cultural transformation, challenging medical hegemony in favor of a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach to care. Building effective cultural competence not only overcomes resistance, but also strengthens trust in healthcare institutions, enabling successful implementation of changes tailored to the specific needs of each community.
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Schembri, Sharon, and Jac Tichbon. "Digital consumers as cultural curators: the irony of Vaporwave." Arts and the Market 7, no. 2 (October 2, 2017): 191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aam-12-2016-0023.
Анотація:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the question of cultural production, consumption and intermediation in the context of digital music. Design/methodology/approach This research adopts an interpretivist, ethnoconsumerist epistemology along with a netnographic research design combined with hermeneutic analysis. Interpreting both the text view and field view of an ethnoconsumerist approach, the netnographic research design includes participant observation across multiple social media platforms as well as virtual interviews and analysis of media material. The context of application is a digital music subculture known as Vaporwave. Vaporwave participants deliberately distort fundamental aspects of modern and postmodern culture in a digital, musical, artistic and storied manner. Findings Hermeneutic analysis has identified a critical and nostalgic narrative of consumerism and hyper-reality, evident as symbolic parallels, intertextual relationships, existential themes and cultural codes. As a techno savvy community embracing lo-fi production, self-releasing promotion and anonymity from within a complexity of aliases and myriad collaborations, the vaporous existentialism of Vaporwave participants skirts copyright liability in the process. Accordingly, Vaporwave is documented as blurring reality and fantasy, material and symbolic, production and consumption. Essentially, Vaporwave participants are shown to be digital natives turned digital rebels and heretical consumers, better described as cultural curators. Research limitations/implications This research demonstrates a more complex notion of cultural production, consumption and intermediation, argued to be more accurately described as cultural curation. Practical implications As digital heretics, Vaporwave participants challenge traditional notions of modernity, such as copyright law, and postmodern notions such as working consumers and consuming producers. Social implications Vaporwave participants present a case of digital natives turned digital rebels and consumer heretics, who are actively curating culture. Originality/value This interpretive ethnoconusmerist study combining netnography and hermeneutic analysis of an online underground music subculture known as Vaporwave shows digital music artists as cultural curators.
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Stevanović, Vladimir, and Aleksa Ciganović. "Metaarchitecture of Predrag Ristić: Bridging non-philosophy and hypermetaphysics." Zbornik Akademije umetnosti, no. 11 (2023): 84–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zbaku2311084s.
Анотація:
This paper aims to research, critically interpret and synthesize the metaarchitectural work of Dr. Predrag Ristić, a Serbian and Yugoslav architect and artist (1931-2019). The focus is on Ristić's production of meta-architecture, exploring his role as an engaged individual who intervenes in an intellectually dissident manner beyond official academic institutions, while contributing to the cultural liberalization within the social context of the Yugoslav paradigm during the second half of the twentieth century. Metaarchitecture, in this sense, can be seen as a broader semiological construct encompasing the ability and will to create ontological signs, epistemological events or methodological objects that extend beyond the architectural domain into the realms of art and culture, shaping forms of social history and criticism. The analysis of Ristić's work will be carried out in two distinct directions, reflecting two phases of his creative activity, each associated with specific theoretical paradigms. Ristić's earlier phase during the 1960s and 1970s, marked by a techno-pessimistic and techno-critical observation of the world (from the Kajmakčalan church to several Thanatopolis projects), is analytically linked to non-philosophy as an anti-dogmatic phenomenological concept. On the other hand, his later creative aspirations from the 1980s are interpreted through his semioanthropological approach to the Mesolithic culture of Lepenski Vir, a subject of his PhD thesis, which connects to hypermetaphysics as a comparative conceptual formation.
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Canlas, Mark Anthony, and John Padua. "Effects of conflicts and technostress on employees’ job performance and satisfaction in a work-from-home scheme." International Journal of Academe and Industry Research 5, no. 2 (May 5, 2024): 22–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.53378/353053.
Анотація:
This study investigated the work-from-home (WFH) experiences of 211 customer and service representatives, along with five team leaders, employed in the five top-ranking Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) companies in Pampanga, Philippines. It examined the effects of conflicts and technostress on the employee job performance and satisfaction. The study revealed that while quantitative analysis shows that family-work conflict has a negative effect on the job performance, qualitative data suggests that the WFH scheme permits BPO employees to balance their work and family obligations, despite statistical evidence of the opposing results. While quantitative results indicate that technostress, specifically techno-pile and techno-invasion, has a negative effect on job performance and satisfaction, qualitative findings emphasize the importance of computer know-how as well as other factors when measuring BPO employees’ job satisfaction. The divergent findings between quantitative and qualitative data underscore the role of cultural, organizational, and contextual factors in shaping outcomes in WFH environments. This study underlines the difficulties of WFH relations, as well as the importance of employing a diversified approach to identifying and addressing the issues that WFH BPO employees confront. The findings of this research are vital for developing tailored interventions and shaping effective remote work policies in the BPO sector, aiming to mitigate challenges and enhance the overall WFH experience.
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Vasilyeva, Irina Nikolaevna. "Pottery technology of the Early Neolithic population Podon'ya." Samara Journal of Science 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201763207.
Анотація:
The paper publishes the long-term study results of the Early Neolithic population pottery technology in the Lower, Middle and Upper Don Region. This research was carried out within the framework of the historical and cultural approach by the method of A.A. Bobrinsky. It was based on binocular microscopy, traceology and experiment in the form of physical modeling. 483 samples of ceramics (conditionally separate vessels) were subjected to techno-technological analysis. They originate from the cultural layers of the Rakushechny Yar camp (294) and I Razdorskaya site (4), located in the Lower Don region, as well as 14 sites of the Middle and Upper Don Region containing Karamyshev type ceramics (185). The authors give a general description of the Early Neolithic pottery of the Don region and a comparative analysis of the data on pottery technology of the Lower, Middle and Upper Don Region population. The problems of the origin and distribution of early Neolithic pottery traditions are considered, the similarities and differences in the neolithization process in the Don region and the Volga region are distinguished.
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Haidle, Miriam Noël, and Regine Stolarczyk. "Thinking Tools. With Cognigrams from Reconstructions and Interpretations to Models about Tool Behavior." Intellectica. Revue de l'Association pour la Recherche Cognitive 73, no. 2 (2020): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/intel.2020.1967.
Анотація:
In the study of cultural and cognitive evolution, the diverse expressions of tool behavior in animals, hominins and humans are of central interest. To compare different performances between varying contexts and species and with a developmental perspective, they have to be translated from different formats of documentation to a common standard. Cognigrams systematically encode reconstructions of perception-and-action sequences for tool behavior providing contextualized, detailed procedural understanding of the associated techno-behaviors. In principle, every form of behavioral performance can be coded in cognigrams : observed in humans or animals living today as well as preserved in archaeological remains. Here, we explain the elements and structural organization of cognigrams and show the potential of the method in different perspectives on tool behavior and the comparison of performances between species and/ or contexts of use. The detailed reconstruction of behavioral architectures in cognigrams represents a metatool to reflect on tool behavior and provides a powerful basis for inferences about prehistoric cognition. To clarify the range of research questions, to which the cognigram approach can be reasonably applied, its limits are discussed, and future prospects conceived. Examining tool behavior with the cognigram approach supports focused discussion of many aspects in cultural and cognitive evolution.
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Soorige, Dumindu, Gayani Karunasena, Udayangani Kulatunga, Muhammad Nateque Mahmood, and Lalith De Silva. "An Energy Culture Maturity Conceptual Framework on Adopting Energy-Efficient Technology Innovations in Buildings." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 8, no. 2 (March 23, 2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8020060.
Анотація:
The building sector is identified as the leading global energy consumer. Adopting energy-efficient technology innovations has been recognised as the most promising approach to reducing energy consumption in buildings. However, such technology adoption is considerably lacking due to traditional techno-economic thinking, which lacks human focus. Energy culture has been identified as a research domain that successfully overcomes the traditional techno-economic focus of technology diffusion. However, available energy culture studies on adopting energy-efficient technology innovations in buildings are limited to exploring specific energy cultures rather than investigating holistic energy culture maturity, which guides incremental diffusion of energy-efficient technology innovations. Conversely, culture maturity has been studied in other cultural research domains such as safety cultures. Therefore, this study aims to develop an energy culture maturity conceptual framework that provides a holistic view of energy culture maturity for adopting energy-efficient technology innovations in buildings. The research method this study implemented was a scoping literature review method, using Web of Science, Scopus, and Engineering Village research databases. The findings of the study include the development of factor categorisation with 14 main factors and 11 subfactors and the development of three energy culture maturity stages, as well as the development of the energy culture maturity conceptual framework as the principal outcome. The proposed conceptual framework significantly contributes to energy culture research as the pioneering framework on energy culture maturity. The framework should be further tested and applied to find its utility.
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Zehle, Soenke. "Dispatches from the Depletion Zone: Edward Burtynsky and the Documentary Sublime." Media International Australia 127, no. 1 (May 2008): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0812700114.
Анотація:
The scope of China's contemporary transformation is measured by many observers according to the environmental crisis it has engendered. One of the most ambitious attempts to document this transformation has been the recent work by Edward Burtynsky. The China series is the latest contribution to the Canadian photographer's grand tour of industrial landscapes. Burtynsky employs the same approach and rules of composition across terrains and topics, and there is indeed nothing radically new in terms of subject or composition in the China series. Yet, linked to the question of scale that is so central to Burtynsky's approach, the question of the sublime offers a useful point of entry for approaching the China series, not only because it is so routinely inscribed in this (heterogeneous) tradition, but because the concept has also played a key role in the refashioning of Chinese aesthetics to stress the heroism of Chinese industrial ambition. And the suggestion, evident in the attentiveness to the scale of environmental devastation, that the sublime can no longer be invoked to legitimate a techno-feudalist course of development, can initiate a political conversation, even if the photographer's aesthetic does not offer an idiom with which to engage the complexities of cultural difference.
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Neral, Natali, Andreja Kudelić, Ana Maričić, and Marta Mileusnić. "POTTERY TECHNOLOGY THROUGH TIME: ARCHAEOMETRY OF POTTERY AND CLAYEY RAW MATERIAL FROM THE MULTI-PERIOD SITE IN EASTERN CROATIA." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 38, no. 2 (2023): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2023.2.1.
Анотація:
Consideration of multiperiod archaeological sites to understand the mechanisms of large-scale cultural changes is still a very rare research topic in Croatia. Technological traditions are of great importance, especially in the context of considering continuity, innovation, and change. In this paper, we used an archaeometric approach to investigate pottery technology. Therefore, this article presents an analysis of petrography and mineralogy of archaeological ceramics and potential raw materials collected in the vicinity of the multi-period archaeological site (the Neolithic through the Medieval period) Jagodnjak-Krčevine located in eastern Croatia, i.e. the south-western part of the Pannonian Basin. The primary goal is to determine what kind of clay recipe (clay and temper) potters used to make vessels in order to better understand their variability in the context of techno-functional features. The additional objective is to examine the availability and quality of clays for pottery production and to study their distribution in the local landscape. The analytical methods applied in the research are optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and grain size analysis. The comparison of archaeological ceramics with clayey materials established that ancient potters used locally available clays, and the selection of temper material added to the clay represents a strong element of techno-tradition, which is more pronounced for prehistoric communities. Furthermore, these results represent the first research in Croatia focused on a discussion about distances that potters travelled to obtain their resources in the different periods of the past, which can contribute to the study of a regional system of production and landscape use.
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Silva, Claudia, Adolfo R. Mora, and Joseph D. Straubhaar. "‘Yo soy la única burra’ [I’m the only dumb one]. Not Anymore. An Intersectional Approach to Digital Inclusion." Palabra Clave 26, no. 4 (February 20, 2024): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2023.26.4.7.
Анотація:
This paper applies intersectionality theory to analyze the challenges and successes of vulnerable communities in developing techno-capital—a form of cultural capital that influences individuals’ technology adoption and usage. Through ethnographic methods, such as participant observations and interviews among a group of working-class US Latinas in central Texas, this work aims to explore why digital inclusion programs should go beyond the first and second levels of the digital divide. Our findings show that this group of women faced unique barriers to digital inclusion, such as skills, time, perceived self-exclusion, and self-doubt. Even when Internet access, devices, and knowledge existed in their homes, they felt they lacked the abilities to access them, thus reflecting complex gendered family dynamics. A two-year ethnography with a non-profit serving the youth and parents of their neighborhood revealed that even this organization had trouble recognizing multiple, interconnected issues arising from gender, household roles, and age on top of the other categories of issues faced by working-class Latino immigrants in a large urban enclave. However, intersectional analysis by the lead author, when working for the non-profit, enabled her to better see and make decisions to serve these women’s needs for digital inclusion and parent education.
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Cheong, Pauline Hope. "Bounded Religious Automation at Work: Communicating Human Authority in Artificial Intelligence Networks." Journal of Communication Inquiry 45, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0196859920977133.
Анотація:
Existential threats to human work and leadership have been expressed over intensifying human-machine communication, and the development of robots and artificial intelligence (AI). Yet popular texts and techno-centric approaches to AI assume a flat ontology in human-machine communication which obscures power relations governing new technologies, necessitating a bounded automation approach integrating socio-economic influences that shape AI diffusion in distinctive occupational settings. This article advances three critical lines of enquiry to interrogate abstract labor displacement propositions by contextualizing human authority and communication in spiritual work. By explicating the dynamic and relational ways in which clerics strategically manage emerging social robotics, discussion of the case of ‘the world’s first robot monk’ illustrates how organizational leaders can influence AI agents to (re)produce values and cultural realities. In the process, priests strengthen normative regulation of power by aligning epistemic knowledge shared about AI and during human-machine communication to extant understandings of collective ideals.
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Nowak, Raphaël, and Andy Bennett. "Music Consumption and Technological Eclecticism: Investigating Generation Y’s Adoption and Uses of Music Technologies." YOUNG 28, no. 4 (January 27, 2020): 347–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308819896173.
Анотація:
This article is interested in a techno-cultural moment usually summarized by the phrase ‘digital age’. We explore how people who belong to Generation Y and were young at the time of the development of digital music technologies have adopted and used those new technological possibilities while maintaining a relationship with other media and technologies, such as the compact disc (CD), the vinyl disc and, eventually, the cassette tape. We situate our approach against arguments that either frame digital technologies as a ‘revolution’ that swept across all other technologies or stipulate that generations are tied to particular technological innovations. Drawing on qualitative methods, we defend an argument of technological eclecticism to understand the intra-variations and nuances that define individuals’ adoption and uses of music technologies in their consumption practices. This article provides a sociocultural perspective on the uses of music technologies by individuals whose music consumption practices have been largely essentialized.
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Ingerlab, Michail, and Taisiya Paniotova. "Utopia as social psychotherapy." SHS Web of Conferences 72 (2019): 03021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20197203021.
Анотація:
The article considers the approach to modern utopian works as a means of social psychotherapy. This context is currently poorly developed, although for the first time “psychological utopia”, as a society of perfect mental health, was mentioned by A. Maslow. Utopia, remaining the object of multidisciplinary research, in the era of digitalization and information technology acquires the ability to quicker than before be reflected in the mass consciousness, to acquire the significance of a cultural phenomenon, to determine the values and meanings of the activities of its adherents. The authors analyze the significance of utopian ideas of rational individualism, techno-utopianism, trans-humanism as ideologies of social movements. The emerging phenomenon of socio-medial psychotherapy is presented for discussion. The authors conclude that the psychotherapeutic meaning of utopias consists in their openness to the future, the denial of the negative present and the ability to construct socially significant ideals reflected in the individual psychology of contemporaries.
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Pylypchuk, Oleh, Oleh Strelko, and Yuliia Berdnychenko. "PREFACE." History of science and technology 13, no. 2 (December 23, 2023): 240–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2023-13-2-240-242.
Анотація:
We are delighted to welcome you to the new issue of the journal on the history of science and technology! This issue is unique as it explores diverse aspects of the development of science and technology in various countries and historical periods. We invite you on an exciting journey through the pages of this issue, where you will find works by distinguished scientists such as Maryna Gutnyk, Florian Nürnberger, Tetiana Karmadonova, Natalya Pasichnyk, Renat Rizhniak, Нanna Deforzh, Liudmyla Zhuravlova, and many others. Their research covers various facets of history and technology. The collaborative work by Maryna Gutnyk and Florian Nürnberger presents a comprehensive exploration of the evolution of the Fe-C diagram, tracing its historical development through the lenses of various scientific contributions over time. Their analysis underscores the rich history behind this diagram, highlighting the foundational studies dating back to the early 19th century, marking crucial milestones in understanding the carbon content in steel and its implications for industrial applications. The authors' meticulous use of comparative analysis, synthesis, and chronological examination sheds light on the gradual refinement and evolution of the Fe-C diagram. From the initial recognition of graphite as pure carbon to the establishment of phase diagrams through collaborative efforts at international congresses, the Fe-C diagram's progression intertwines with the advancements of the industrial revolution. Tetiana Karmadonova's work on the migration trends of Ukrainian researchers from 1991 to 2023 provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted factors driving the migration of scientists from Ukraine to various destination countries, particularly against the backdrop of recent events in the country. The study delves into the intricate landscape of migration among Ukrainian researchers across different historical periods. Natalya Pasichnyk, Renat Rizhniak, and Нanna Deforzh's meticulous study on the publications in the "Bulletin of Experimental Physics and Elementary Mathematics" from 1886 to 1917 offers invaluable insights into the organization, proceedings, and outcomes of domestic and international congresses of mathematicians and natural scientists during that period. Their research, focused on a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of these journal publications, sheds light on the pivotal role of these gatherings in the scientific and pedagogical realms Liudmyla Zhuravlova's research on the evolution of techno-nationalism and the pivotal role of space in this phenomenon from the 1980s to the 2020s offers a compelling exploration into the intricate dynamics of technological advancements and their influence on international relations and national strategies. The article delves deeply into the theoretical comprehension of techno-nationalism, particularly examining its relationship with space policy and its relevance within the context of US-China relations. Employing an interdisciplinary approach, drawing from historical, economic, political sciences, and international relations theory, the research unravels the dichotomous evolution of techno-nationalism juxtaposed against techno-globalism. Zhuravlova's work accentuates the ongoing power struggle between the US and China within the space industry, amplifying the techno-nationalist dimensions within innovation systems. Artemii Bernatskyi and Mykola Sokolovskyi's research presents a comprehensive review of the evolution of additive manufacturing (AM) processes within the realm of metallurgy, spanning from the foundational theories of layer-by-layer manufacturing to the contemporary landscape of AM technologies. This work illuminates the rapid advancements within the AM sector, capturing the profound interest of the scientific community. It underscores the dual significance of AM technologies - not only as an alternative manufacturing method for existing structures but also as a gateway to crafting new, intricately complex structures unattainable through traditional methodologies. Through meticulous analysis and classification of prior studies focusing on technological advancements and implementations, the research establishes a structured approach towards comprehensively mapping the development of additive manufacturing technologies in various trajectories. As a result, the research proposes a systematic approach to formulate a comprehensive scheme for AM technology development, thereby offering a framework that navigates the intricate landscape of technological advancements in various directions. Mykhailo Klymenko's meticulous study offers a comprehensive evaluation of Professor Tomasz Nikodem Ścibor-Rylski's pioneering contributions to the development of agricultural machinery testing during the latter half of the 19th century. This research sheds new light on Rylski's scientific endeavors and their significant impact on the evolution of agricultural equipment testing. Employing principles of historicism, scientific rigor, and objectivity, Klymenko utilizes historical-scientific methodologies, archival analysis, and generalization to present a nuanced understanding of Rylski's work. For the first time, archival documents are introduced, unveiling insights into the scientist's activities in advancing the field of agricultural machinery testing. Mohamad Khairul Anuar Mohd Rosli, Ahmad Kamal Ariffin Mohd Rus, and Suffian Mansor's insightful study delves into the overlooked yet pivotal role of electricity, specifically facilitated by the Perak River Hydro-Electric Power Company (PRHEPC), in the tin-mining industry within Kinta Valley during the period of 1927 to 1940. The research illuminates the historical emergence of electricity as a dominant power source in the tin-mining industry of Colonial Malaya, a topic that has received minimal attention in Malaysian historiography. Sana Simou, Khadija Baba, and Abderrahman Nounah's research represents a profound call to action amidst the urgent need to safeguard Morocco's cultural heritage, notably exemplified by the Marinid Madrasa within the Chellah archaeological site in Rabat. This research intricately weaves advanced technologies with a profound appreciation for the historical, social, and cultural significance of these sites. It charts a course that not only conserves architectural brilliance but also honors the profound stories encapsulated across epochs. Ultimately, it emerges as a blueprint for harmonizing the past with the present, ensuring the preservation of cultural heritage while embracing the imperatives of progress. In his article, Oleh Strelko shows that the history of bridge construction is an important part of historical knowledge. Developments in bridge construction technology reflect not only engineering advances, but also social, economic and cultural aspects of society. Engineers and scientists faced unique challenges when designing and building bridges depending on the technological level of the era, available materials and the needs of society. This process may reflect technological progress, changes in transportation needs, and cultural and social changes. The purpose of this article is to briefly review key moments and stages in the history of metal bridge construction using welding technology in the 20th century. We invite you on this exciting journey with our authors exploring the history of science, technology, and cultural heritage. May this issue broaden your knowledge and inspire new research endeavors!
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Dietrich, Sarah E. "Unexpected affordances of virtual exchange as teacher education: learning about, with, and from students in a conflict country." Journal of Virtual Exchange 5(SI-IVEC2021) (October 21, 2022): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/jve.5.38345.
Анотація:
Virtual exchange projects with participants in countries in conflict can challenge future teachers to examine previous assumptions and prepare them to better meet the needs of others whose daily lives may be punctuated by violence. Through virtual exchange, participants are pushed out of their comfort zones through interactions with others whose geographic, sociocultural, and sociolinguistic backgrounds are different from their own. Through such projects, future teachers can gain both techno-semio-pedagogic knowledge and intercultural knowledge needed to take an asset-based approach toward cultural and linguistic difference. This article explores the perspectives of graduate students in TESOL who were paired with adult learners of English in Afghanistan for ten 90-minute synchronous online tutoring sessions. Data, in the form of written reflections submitted by the graduate students as a part of their coursework, offer evidence of shifts in participants’ descriptions of cultural difference, knowledge about Afghanistan, content knowledge, and teaching online. These data suggest that through virtual exchange with participants in conflict countries future teachers can gain invaluable professional experience needed to support students who live in places where they do not feel safe, students who have been forced to leave their homes, and students have witnessed or experienced violence themselves.
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Lamola, M. John. "Introduction: The crisis of African Studies and Philosophy in the epoch of The Fourth Industrial Revolution." Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 10, no. 3 (December 13, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ft.v10i3.1.
Анотація:
The very claim of the historical instance of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is increasingly being subjected to critical interrogation from a variety of cultural and ideological perspectives. From an Afrocentric theory of history, this questioning of the ontology of the 4IR is sharpened by Africa’s experience of the claimed progressive mutation of global industrial progress from the “first” to this “fourth” revolution. Africa experienced the first industrial revolution as a European revolution in the exploitation of her natural and human resources, as well as the despoliation of her cultural-epistemic sovereignty. The challenge to fully engage in the theorisation of this 4IR, given the overwhelming and inexorable effects of its digital technologies on the personhood, sociality and geopolitical state of Africa has exposed the critical need for a set of rigorous Africanist analytical tools and epistemological approaches capable of guiding Africa’s appropriation of this techno-social revolution. This essay introduces the collection of research papers that have been selected for their endeavour to meet this challenge. It is highlighted that all of them move from a unique approach that asserts that technological progress is historical-cultural and socially embedded. Some of them address the question of the historico-ontological status of the 4IR innovatively with original African methodological tools, while others demonstrate how an African epistemology can be applied to issues such a digital virtual communities and robotics. This contribution to the bourgeoning field of African Philosophy of Technology is admired as work in progress.
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Gerbaudo, Paolo. "From Cyber-Autonomism to Cyber-Populism: An Ideological Analysis of the Evolution of Digital Activism." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 15, no. 2 (May 29, 2017): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v15i2.773.
Анотація:
The analysis of digital activism has so far been dominated by a techno-determinist approach which interprets the logic of activism and its transformation as directly reflecting the properties of the technologies utilised by activists. This line of interpretatoin has been manifested in the popularity acquired by notions as “Twitter protest” or “revolution 2.0” in the news media and in academic discourse. Moving beyond this reductionist trend, this article proposes an ideological approach to the study of digital activism and its hisstorical transformation, which can better account for the combination of political, cultural and social factors involved in shaping it. I identity two main waves of digital activism, corresponding not only to two phases of technological development of the internet (the so-called web 1.0 and web 2.0), but also to two different protest waves, the anti-globalisation movement, and the movement of the squares that began in 2011, each with its own dominant ideology. I argue that reflecting the seismic shift in perceptions and attitudes produced by the 2008 crash, and the connected shifts in social movement ideology, digital activism has moved from the margins to the centre, from a countercultural posture to a counterhegemonic ambition. I describe this turn as a transition from cyber-autonomism to cyber-populism as the two defining techno-political orientations of the first and second wave of digital activism. Reflecting the influence of neo-anarchism and autonomism in the anti-globalisation movement cyber-autonomism saw the Internet as an autonomous space where to construct a countercultural politics outside the mainstream. To the contrary cyber-populism, informed by the populist turn taken by 2011 and post-2011 movements, sees the Internet as a “popular space”, which needs to be appropriated by ordinary citizens, turned away from consumption activities and towards the purpose of popular mobilisation against the neoliberal elites. This shift that substantially modifies the way in which activists conceives of and utilise digital media goes a long way towards explaining the differences in digital activism practices, and their contrasting views of the internet as a tool and site of struggle.
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Pliskevich, N. M. "Man in G. Kleiner’s theory of economic systems." AlterEconomics 19, no. 3 (2022): 547–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31063/altereconomics/2022.19-3.8.
Анотація:
This paper takes as a point of departure the author’s reflections about the monograph ‘System Economics: Steps of Development’ written by Russian economist Georgy Kleiner, which summarizes his work in the last five years. The need for a better understanding of economic systems and their characteristics is particularly relevant in the face of the unprecedented sanctions that the Russian economy is now facing. It is essential that the remedial ad hoc measures adopted by the government should be applied in a more structured way and thus provide a foundation for a long-term strategy of national economic development. The new theory of economic systems fails to offer a ‘systemic’ view on people even though people are becoming the leading productive force in contemporary (and future) knowledge-based economy. It is obvious that human potential is not limited to instrumental knowledge necessary for production and management activities. In the course of the transition to knowledge-based economy, applied knowledge should be based on a more solid foundation of general cultural knowledge and values, which will enable humans to compete with AI. This approach is underpinned by the law of techno-humanitarian balance stating that technological complexity must be balanced with the complexity of human cultural and psychological potential. The imbalance between these two components undermines the internal stability of society. Our review of the existing body of research confirms this conclusion and suggests that Kleiner’s theory ("sysconomics") should be supplemented with the concept of "sys-man".
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Adewusi, Michael Adelani, Silas Eniola Egbowon, Ife Abodunrin, and Kunle Rahman. "The Combined Culturo-Techno-Contextual Approach (CTCA) and Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL) Strategies to Teaching and Learning Machine Language in Secondary Schools in Breaking Its Difficulty." Advances in Multidisciplinary and scientific Research Journal Publication 29 (December 15, 2021): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/abmic2021-v2-p11.
Анотація:
There have been several efforts and interventions through research and workshops to introduce novel interventions in teaching and learning strategies by science educators around the globe. And countless numbers of strategies to improve academic performance had been introduced in the learning environment. However, many factors could be linked to different academic achievement and attitude to teaching and learning. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate if the use of Culturo-Techno- Contextual Approach (CTCA), a learning strategy that incorporate the use of cultural knowledge (indigenous knowledge), component of contextual drawing from the immediate environment to illustrate teaching, and the component of technology to better strengthen learning. And the Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL), a strategy involving peer learning method interventions to enhance the academic achievement and attitude of students in senior school in machine language. Why machine language? It is a concept in the Nigeria computer studies curriculum that students find difficult to learning. It is hypothesized that there is no statistically significances difference in i) effects of class stream (science, commercial, and arts) in achievement and attitude, and ii) in school type (private and public) in achievement and attitude when taught using the two strategies to teaching and learning machine language in secondary school. The research design was quasi-experimental (a pre-test post-test nonequivalent group) design. A total of 207 computer studies students in senior secondary year two (SS2) comprising 106 females and 101 males participated in the study. The instrument used to gather data was the machine language attitudes questionnaire (MLAQ) and machine language achievement test (MLAT) which had a reliability coefficient of 0.65. There are two experimental groups and they were taught separately with CTCA and PLTL while the control group was taught with the traditional lecture method. The data (pre-test and post-test scores) collected were analysed using mancova since the participants were not randomly assigned to the groups. When CTCA is used, students are required to (a) draw on their topicrelevant indigenous (cultural) knowledge; (b) use technology to seek pre-lesson knowledge of the topic to be taught; (c) work in groups to share knowledge gleaned from their socio-cultural interactions and webbased resources; and (d) draw on their prior knowledge of the topic when used. While the PLTL is based on social dimension, scientific learning discovery, and optimal learning which is active engagement by the students. The study found no statistically significant effect of class stream of students on achievement and attitudes of students when taught using CTCA, PLTL or lecture method [F (2, 202) = 0.20; p > 0.05] and on attitude [F (2, 202) = 2.13; p > 0.05]. While there was a significant difference in machine learning achievement of students taught using CTCA, PLTL, and the Lecture method [F (1, 203) = 4.34; p < .05] and a significant different in school type in machine learning attitude of students taught using CTCA, PLTL, and the Lecture method. [F (1, 203) = 5.82; p < .05]. Hence, the study concluded that educators are encouraged to use the CTCA and PLTL and they could capitalise on the assets of the CTCA and PLTL in demonstrating how it could be employed as a pedagogical design for enhancing the achievement and attitude of students in computer studies and other subjects which are offered at the senior secondary schools. The strategies will help both teachers and students to gain respect for local activities and culture, its wisdom and ethics and appreciate indigenous science and technology and appreciate the use of local resources more thereby enhancing sustainability and it will encourage collaboration among students thereby leading to better academic achievement and attitude. Keyword: Culturo-Techno-Contextual Approach (CTCA); Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL); Machine Language; Collaborative.
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Heyes, Cecilia. "New thinking: the evolution of human cognition." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1599 (August 5, 2012): 2091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0111.
Анотація:
Humans are animals that specialize in thinking and knowing, and our extraordinary cognitive abilities have transformed every aspect of our lives. In contrast to our chimpanzee cousins and Stone Age ancestors, we are complex political, economic, scientific and artistic creatures, living in a vast range of habitats, many of which are our own creation. Research on the evolution of human cognition asks what types of thinking make us such peculiar animals, and how they have been generated by evolutionary processes. New research in this field looks deeper into the evolutionary history of human cognition, and adopts a more multi-disciplinary approach than earlier ‘Evolutionary Psychology’. It is informed by comparisons between humans and a range of primate and non-primate species, and integrates findings from anthropology, archaeology, economics, evolutionary biology, neuroscience, philosophy and psychology. Using these methods, recent research reveals profound commonalities, as well striking differences, between human and non-human minds, and suggests that the evolution of human cognition has been much more gradual and incremental than previously assumed. It accords crucial roles to cultural evolution, techno-social co-evolution and gene–culture co-evolution. These have produced domain-general developmental processes with extraordinary power—power that makes human cognition, and human lives, unique.
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Khvastunova, Julia V. "“THE DEMOCRATIC CYBORG PROJECT” OF JAMES HUGHES." Russian Studies in Culture and Society 6, no. 4 (December 29, 2022): 126–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2576-9782-2022-4-126-143.
Анотація:
James Hughes, American sociologist and bioethicist, a founder of the movement of democratic transhumanism and Director of the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies (IEET), is also a developer of a special original project which presupposes techno-optimism as its methodological foundation, more critical and pro-state approach to radical technologies (in contrast to the libertarian transhumanism previously promoted in the Extropian movement) and a strong bias towards attracting religious ideas and methods, especially the pro-Buddhist ones. This explains the interest of the scientist in religious practices and work on the “Cyborg Buddha” project. J. Hughes in his research analyzes American society along ideological axes and tries to combine them within the framework of democratic transhumanism (cyborg democracy). The latter must be approved at the state level and implemented through a special program. However, most of all, in promoting transhumanist ideas and creating a common cultural background, he relies on minority groups: from radical feminism (cyberfeminism), biopunk, supporters of LGBT movements, and to people with disabilities who will “benefit” from the experimental methods and radical transformations. In general, Hughes’ ideas remain quite radical, focus on the creation of a transhuman and a posthuman, and discard the existence of modern type people and their “outdated and too-human” culture in the future.
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Afanasov, Nikolai B. "The Discreet Charm of the Soviet Things." Galactica Media: Journal of Media Studies 5, no. 3 (October 2, 2023): 313–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/gmd.v5i3.400.
Анотація:
The subject of this review is the book “The Things of Life: Materiality in Late Soviet Russia” written by historian Alexey Golubev. The English translation was published in 2022 as part of the “Library of the Journal Neprikosnovennyy zapas” series by the “New Literary Observer” publishing house. The book comprises six chapters, each delving into a distinct aspect of late-Soviet materiality: “Techno-Utopian Visions of Soviet Intellectuals after Stalin”, “Time in 1:72 Scale: The Plastic Historicity of Soviet Models”, “History in Wood: The Search for Historical Authenticity in North Russia”, “When Spaces of Transit Fail Their Designers: Social Antagonisms of Soviet Stairwells and Streets”, “The Men of Steel: Repairing and Empowering Soviet Bodies with Iron”, and “Ordinary and Paranormal: The Soviet Television Set”. Golubev’s approach emphasizes the significance of materiality in analyzing social history.
This review outlines the primary content of the book and seeks to position it within the discursive realm of contemporary social sciences and humanities. It demonstrates that the book’s relevance extends beyond merely cataloging items produced in the Soviet Union. The work aims to refresh social and cultural research methodologies, and its conceptual innovation offers a critical counterpoint to ideological interpretations of (Soviet) history.
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Avidov Ungar, Orit, and Merav Hayak. "Attitudes Toward the Integration of Digital Games Into Instruction in Teacher Education Colleges During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Information Technology Education: Research 21 (2022): 623–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/5037.
Анотація:
Aim/Purpose: This paper examines how senior academic staff from a large sample of teacher education colleges regard the integration of digital games into teacher instruction. These colleges serve general or religious populations, and we examine what, in practice, their policy and vision were in this regard in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Background: The sudden adoption of online teaching-learning due to the pandemic has been termed disruptive in that it drastically disturbed higher education in Israel and worldwide. The senior academic staff of Israel’s colleges of education was responsible for leading policy decision-making during this period. The use of digital games for pedagogic purposes may be direct when used for knowledge acquisition and reinforcement and student development or indirect. Methodology: Using semi-structured interviews, the current study applied an interpretive-constructivist approach to examine how senior academic staff from several teacher education colleges perceived the integration of digital games into teacher instruction and elicit their policy and vision in this regard, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Contribution: The findings suggest that discussions surrounding technology-related vision and policy and their translation into practice should relate to the specific cultural needs and academic preparedness of the population(s) served by the college. Findings: Half the participants expressed a desire to integrate digital games into teaching and learning but acknowledged that in practice this was uncommon. Only a small minority considered themselves to have achieved successful integration in practice, with doubt and skepticism expressed by some of the religious colleges. Most colleges had policies to encourage the integration of technology in general into teaching, with these, in turn, supported by ongoing funding. Although a considerable gap between policy and implementation remained, the COVID-19 pandemic was viewed as having considerably accelerated the integration of digital games into preservice teacher instruction. Recommendations for Practitioners: Discussions pertaining to technology-related vision and policy and their translation into practice should relate to the specific cultural needs and academic preparedness of the population(s) served by the college. Recommendation for Researchers: The findings reflect the spectrum of challenges faced by the different populations the colleges employ and serve and the outcomes of the colleges’ ongoing attempts to negotiate and reconcile different concerns. Impact on Society: The findings have implications wherever colleges serve other socially and culturally conservative populations that are interested in or compelled to adopt techno-pedagogies. Future Research: We call for further research into whether continued pandemic-related restrictions have increased the practical integration of techno-pedagogical tools such as digital games into the curricula of teacher education colleges.
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Twinomucunguzi, Felix R. B., Philip M. Nyenje, Robinah N. Kulabako, Swaib Semiyaga, Jan Willem Foppen, and Frank Kansiime. "Reducing Groundwater Contamination from On-Site Sanitation in Peri-Urban Sub-Saharan Africa: Reviewing Transition Management Attributes towards Implementation of Water Safety Plans." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 21, 2020): 4210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104210.
Анотація:
High urbanization in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has resulted in increased peri-urban groundwater contamination by on-site sanitation. The World Health Organization introduced Water Safety Plans (WSP) towards the elimination of contamination risks to water supply systems; however, their application to peri-urban groundwater sources has been limited. Focusing on Uganda, Ghana, and Tanzania, this paper reviews limitations of the existing water regime in addressing peri-urban groundwater contamination through WSPs and normative attributes of Transition Management (TM) towards a sustainable solution. Microbial and nutrient contamination remain prevalent hazards in peri-urban SSA, arising from on-site sanitation within a water regime following Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) principles. Limitations to implementation of WSPs for peri-urban groundwater protection include policy diversity, with low focus on groundwater; institutional incoherence; highly techno-centric management tools; and limited regard for socio-cultural and urban-poor aspects. In contrast, TM postulates a prescriptive approach promoted by community-led frontrunners, with flexible and multi-domain actors, experimenting through socio-technical tools towards a shared vision. Thus, a unified risk-based management framework, harnessing attributes of TM and IWRM, is proposed towards improved WSP implementation. The framework could assist peri-urban communities and policymakers in formulating sustainable strategies to reduce groundwater contamination, thereby contributing to improved access to safe water.
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Sayan, Ramazan Caner, and Aysegul Kibaroglu. "Understanding water-society nexus: insights from Turkey's small-scale hydropower policy." Water Policy 18, no. 5 (May 12, 2016): 1286–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2016.235.
Анотація:
Turkey's recent venture involving the construction of hundreds of small-scale hydropower projects is a significant trend, both in regard to its contribution to Turkey's hydroelectricity production and the social and environmental impact of these projects at the local level. Turkey's hydropower policy was premised on a conventional understanding of water driven by science, technology, and the market. This approach, however, does not seem to have paid sufficient attention to the socio-ecological characteristics of water. Developing policies from a solely technical perspective creates political, economic, and cultural inequalities that adversely affect the social and ecological realm. Hence, this paper attempts to deconstruct the design, execution, and aftermath of Turkey's small-scale hydropower policy through the lens of the hydro-social cycle. We aim to explain various dimensions of Turkey's small-scale hydropower program in a conceptual framework that merges the concept of the hydro-social cycle with patterns of distributive environmental justice. We find that state-led, techno-centric and market-oriented approaches to water instrumentalize a rhetoric of justice in order to justify the development of small-scale hydropower ventures. Our analysis, however, demonstrates Turkey's small-scale hydropower policy falls short of delivering on its promise of distributive justice in three relevant dimensions, namely the distribution of burdens and benefits, vulnerabilities, and responsibilities at local level.
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Samostienko, Eugenia. "Humanities-as-Technique: New Images of Knowledge and Ontological Construction." Philosophy of the Social Sciences 49, no. 6 (August 8, 2019): 473–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0048393119864695.
Анотація:
The sociocultural landscape of contemporaneity can be represented as a porous inhomogeneous space consisting of border zones. These zones (exchange zones), understood by P. Galison (1999, 137-60) as “local coordination of beliefs and actions,” can be deployed due to already existing conditions, for example, a project may arise at a university. However, such zones do not create sustainable social configurations and infrastructures associated with new areas of knowledge. In this article, we expand the concept of trading zones and call them zones requiring local ontologies that arise on the border between different knowledge and imagination systems and, in turn, require their own infrastructure. This approach supports the view on humanities not as “pre-packaged” knowledge (Daston 2009, 807), but as special “technique” forming local ontologies. For a humanities-as-technique to emerge, it is necessary that two or more systems of knowledge coincide in time and form an intermediate zone, on the basis of which some local ontology can unfold. Thus, for example, when combining contemporary philosophy and contemporary mathematics (topology), new images of knowledge emerge. Humanities-as-technique are considered as the basis for the establishment of trading zones, which are understood as local ontologies. We also propose a system of concepts that can be used to describe and construct these trading zones on the territory of the humanities in a techno-oriented cultural environment.
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Makarskaya, Larisa V., and Olga B. Elkan. "The role of vocal and instrumental ensembles in the evolution of the song genre in Soviet music of the 1960s–1980s." Izvestia Ural Federal University Journal Series 1. Issues in Education, Science and Culture 30, no. 1 (2024): 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv1.2024.30.1.012.
Анотація:
The article examines the phenomenon of the vocalinstrumental ensemble (VIA) and its role in the development of the song genre in Russian musical culture from the moment the VIA appeared until the end of the Soviet period in art. The relevance of the topic is based on the need to adequately assess the patterns of development of mass music of the Soviet period — that was ideologically ambiguous and gave rise to musical phenomena of various cultural values. The purpose of the article is to determine the influence of VIA on the evolution of the song genre in the 1960–1980s. The methodology of the article is based on the systemic and historical approach. As a result of the study, it was shown that during the indicated period, the activities of vocal and instrumental ensembles played an important role in the development of domestic song culture, contributing to the active broadcast of song genres. Two main factors that determined the specifics of song creativity in the field of VIA are marked out: 1) the search for new forms, techniques, ways of musical expression that would meet sociocultural needs of listeners and rely on the best traditions of domestic music; 2) the influence of Western culture with its searches in the field of electronic instruments, jazz, disco, techno, rock and pop music, mass production and commercialization of art.
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Bezklubaya, Svetlana A. "Human and ethical risks of digitalization." Nova prisutnost XXI, no. 3 (November 15, 2023): 607–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31192/np.21.3.8.
Анотація:
Digitalization as a direct expression of global information business is the reason for modern civilization’s transformation. The total commercialization of information technologies’ super-productivity turns humans into progress »costs«, devaluing their creative power, morality and ethics. Therefore, the object of this study is to be a person in the face of growing ethical risks caused by ever-accelerating digitization and information processes. The purpose of the work is to identify the problems of ethics and ethical risks as specific and most significant for the digital society. It also shows the main approaches to their solution. An analysis of a person’s consumer attitude to technical achievements reveals the reasons for spirituality destruction as the basis of human integrity. This is due to changes in communication forms – language, art, education, and religion. Digitalization as open information makes it possible to specify ethical risks as a reflection of a human’s life situation. Values and meanings play a crucial role. Digitalization’s ethical risks are identified: privacy, inclusiveness, security, trust, and fairness. The main approach to preventing digitalization ethical risks is the establishment of a techno-humanitarian balance or the development of adequate cultural regulators (human-centricity, overcoming digital inequality) that oppose the growth of destructive power of new technologies in relation to universal human values and humaneness. The methodological basis of the study was the philosophical discourse of consequentialism. This determines the main condition for technology development to find a balance between risk and benefit and cultural and philosophical reflection. The theoretical conclusions contained in this work open up new opportunities for science to concretize practical approaches to solving moral problems and ethical risks in human existence. This is in the era of digital culture transformation.
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Alatas, Salim, and Vinnawaty Sutanto. "Cyberfeminisme dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan Melalui Media Baru." Jurnal Komunikasi Pembangunan 17, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.46937/17201926846.
Анотація:
In the era of new media, every individual and social, cultural, economic and political groups must require themselves to interact actively with new media. This is done not only to express the identity of individuals or groups, but more importantly how then each group uses new media as a means of communication to empower or liberate themselves. Feminism as a liberation movement for women has included new media and their application as important issues in their movements; cyberfeminism is an important outcome of this application. New media in the view of cyberfeminism has provided a large area, a region with an arena of objectives of cyber space, namely a process of technology that is rendered, by empowering women through techno-culture. Cyberfemists argue that women are naturally suitable for using new media. Cyberfemists also make efforts to work towards empowering women through new media by fighting various male-dominated discourses that surround technology use. This paper generally wants to discuss the concept of "cyberfeminism" and how feminists (cyberfeminists) use new media as a vehicle to empower and free themselves from male-dominated discourses. This paper also wants to provide alternatives about how women should be optimally use new media for empowerment. The approach of this research is qualitative-descriptive by conducting library research, this study specifically wants to describe how the concept of cyberfeminism is used by women's groups in the context of liberation and empowerment.
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Gubanov, Nikolay N. "Parity of technical and humanitarian potentials of society as a factor of its sustainable development." Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly, no. 8 (August 2023): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/am.08-23.015.
Анотація:
A thoughtful study of the historical process with all its ups and downs allows us to argue that at all turning points in the development of mankind such a characteristic feature of social consciousness as its humanitarian-instrumental dualism has clearly manifested itself. The subject of this study is interdependent and mutually complementary evolution of the two parameters of social intelligence — technical and humanitarian. Substantively the article is divided into two parts. The first discusses the possibilities of using reason in the field of morality. One of the main trump cards of ethical skeptics (non-cognitivists), D. Hume’s guillotine, is presented, and the conclusion is made that it only limits ways of justification of moral norms, but does not exclude this perspective in principle. Some of the foundations of ethical cognitivism are discussed, and a firm belief is expressed that this is the approach that needs to be cultivated by the educational system to provide a justificatory sentence to reason in the field of morality. The second part of the article is devoted to a description of various aspects of the techno-humanitarian balance model. It is shown that modernity is marked by a painful process of cultural-psychological adjustment to new information and communication technologies. Two levels of this process — global and existential — are distinguished. The role of education in mitigating the lapping and increasing its efficiency at each of these levels is assessed.
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De Blasio, Emiliana, and Michele Sorice. "Spaces of Struggle: Socialism and Neoliberalism With a Human Face Among Digital Parties and Online Movements in Europe." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 18, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v18i1.1132.
Анотація:
This article aims to illustrate the complexity of the relationships between digital participation spaces and organisations related to the Southern-European and US socialist traditions. Digital communication and, in particular, the various platforms of digital participation have been long living between the illusion of techno-libertarian thrusts and the technocratic tendencies framing the New Public Management approach. The suspicion of socialist-inspired parties but also of post-Marxist social movements towards the digital is connected on the one hand to the organisational structure of the parties and on the other hand to the capacity of neoliberalism to incorporate digital innovation in its cultural horizon. Participation platforms have often been functional to the emergence of a neoliberalism with a human face, capable of offering potential spaces of participation that depoliticise civic activism and transform it into a mere technical tool of minimal governance. In recent years, however, digital party experiences have developed in the context of left-wing organisations. In other cases, digital platforms have been used as tools of mobilisation and even as instruments for the creation of a new sentimental connections with the increasingly fragmented “popular classes”. Digital has thus become a “space of struggle”, in the same meaning it was used in the 1980s by Stuart Hall. This article presents the first findings of a research project on the use of digital platforms by: a) parties of socialist inspiration in Italy, France, Spain, Portugal and the USA; and b) bottom-up social movements. The analysis follows an empirical approach based on: a) the analysis of organisations; b) content analysis (Evaluation Assertion Analysis) of political and policy documents on the use of digital as a tool for political struggle; c) in-depth interviews to digital activists of social movements.
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Yang, Chamee. "Digital contact tracing in the pandemic cities: Problematizing the regime of traceability in South Korea." Big Data & Society 9, no. 1 (January 2022): 205395172210892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20539517221089294.
Анотація:
Since 2020, many countries worldwide have deployed digital contact tracing programs that rely on a range of digital sensors in the city to locate and map the routes of viral spread. Many critical commentaries have raised concerns about the privacy risks and trustworthiness of these programs. Extending these analyses, this paper opens up a different line of questioning that goes beyond privacy-centered single-axis critique of surveillance by considering digital contact tracing symptomatic of the broader changes in modes of urban governance that renders our cities traceable, knowable, and governable through data. Based on archival and real-time analysis of South Korean national and local COVID-19 dashboards, online forums, and interviews with South Korean public health practitioners, this paper offers a sociotechnical analysis of digital contact tracing that looks at the various intersections of state-political, bio-political, and techno-political power dynamics. In contrast to popular narratives that attributed the success of the Korean approach to digital contact tracing to its collectivist culture and smart city infrastructures, this paper suggests that the case can be better understood by looking at both the macro-level shift in the forms of governance that takes on a spatialized and networked character and the micro-level formation of moral responsibility that shape one's conduct as a health and safety-conscious citizens. As the latest realization of the expanding regime of traceability in digital/urban governance, the development of digital contract tracing is seen to parallel with concurrent changes occurring in multiple domains of life including knowledge production, cultural memory, and individual subjectivity.
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Potamskaya, V. P., E. A. Evstifeeva, and S. I. Filippchenkova. "Personal and ethical components of the engineer in the 21st century." SHS Web of Conferences 69 (2019): 00088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196900088.
Анотація:
The article studies personal components of a modern engineer who is a key figure in the Russian and global space.The vector of thinking, ethical priorities, reflective positions and identities determine the way to find a techno-humanitarian balance as a condition for the survival and prospects of mankind.A significant influence on the formation of engineer’s identities is exerted by historical and cultural traditions.Engineering culture has a connective structure that forms a single space of experience and activity.Memory and continuity are interrelated; identities can belong to any scientific school existing in the educational institution, field of knowledge, or to the Russian engineering school as a whole.The authors indicate that key concepts of identities of a modern engineer are responsibility, ethical reflection and social assessment of technology.Modern engineering ethics is reflected in ethical codes which reveal the ethical space and responsibilities of the engineer and impose responsibility for all processes taking place in a technogenic society.The practical-design approach is based on the tools of the post-non-classical methodology:key components of the engineer’s personal potential are correlated with the university self-developing environment, reflective activities at the undergraduate and graduate levels, and further engineering practice.The study on the personal potential and identities can be used to justify the need to expand the sociohumanitarian paradigm in engineering education, develop the concept “personal potential”, and identify features of engineer’s identity formation.The development of a model for training engineers using sociohumanitarian reflective methods converging personal and professional competencies and ethical priorities meets the role of engineering education, tasks of ensuring the competitiveness of Russian industry.
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Moors, Eddy. "Leveraging the Past for Better Futures." Blue Papers 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.58981/bluepapers.2022.2.pref.
Анотація:
Water managers face many urgent challenges. Sea levels are rising, floods and droughts are in- creasing in frequency and intensity, while population growth and socio-economic transitions in- crease water demand.
These challenges cannot be resolved by technological innovation alone. To adapt to the changing requirements of water systems, we need to not only rethink institutions, laws and policies, but also to reflect on past cultures and the often-overlooked relationship between humans, water and eco-systems. We need to include the larger public and elevate their awareness of the value of water, spark more interest and foster engagement. Water challenges are also socio-cultural challenges: they are anchored in local practices, cultures and traditions.
To tackle these complex challenges, we need a better understanding of the interconnections be- tween water, cultures and societies, over time and through space. Researchers and practitioners from multiple disciplines and approaches need to forge a shared approach that connects techno- logical innovation with historical, anthropological, political and economic aspects.
This new journal, Blue Papers, aims to contribute by bringing together different disciplinary ap- proaches and stakeholders around the theme of water, culture and heritage. It will shine light on local adaptations and global visions. It will demonstrate the value of traditional knowledge and of the involvement of marginalized groups to develop sustainable management of water.
In this way, Blue Papers aspires to foster cross-disciplinary connections that will help the world tackle the urgent water challenges we as humanity face today.
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Solomko, Dmitry V., Sergey S. Sokovikov, and Vera S. Neveleva. "Ecohumanistic aspects of the compensatory mechanism of culture." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 480 (2023): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/480/6.
Анотація:
This article examines the compensatory mechanism of culture, which is formed objectively and provides the possibility of a “sustainable development” of society, culture and people in their individual existence in situations of significant socio-cultural transformations. The substantiations of the universality of this mechanism are presented; its action manifests itself variably, can be both spontaneous and consciously used. The mechanism is aimed at reducing or eliminating crisis phenomena and the effects of discomfort from all sorts of forms of sociocultural imbalance: the conflict of traditional orders and socio-cultural innovations, the values of preservation and change, the living and the materialized, the objectified and the non-objectified, the rational and the irrational, etc. The authors substantiate the idea that the action of the compensatory mechanism of culture can be carried out both according to the model of a pendulum-like transition from an effectively and radically acting innovation to the restoration of traditional cultural forms, and according to a model corresponding to the adaptive function of culture. The authors show the correlation of the compromise nature and methods of action of the compensatory mechanism of culture with the basic principles of the ecohumanistic approach, a specific setting of thinking and practical human activity focused on finding ways and means of achieving optimality in relations between various sides and trends in human life to ensure the possibility of their fruitful coexistence. Under the influence of the intensive development and widespread dissemination of modern techniques and technologies, the established habitual way of life of a human-in-the-world changes dramatically, causing the transformation and modernization of the traditional forms and values of culture. Defining the world of a modern person as techno-technologized, the authors identify the problem of the preservation and active reproduction of the “living principle” of humans, the integrity of their existence, as well as the problem of the possibility of achieving the full value of existence in a situation of socio-cultural dissonance. The authors show that, due to its universality and its inherent therapeutic function, the compensatory mechanism of culture is able to restore the optimal mode of human existence, to “serve” the needs of various kinds, including those that represent the natural properties of a person in “transformed” forms, in utopia and escapism. The authors come to the conclusion that the theoretical development of the concept of the compensatory mechanism of culture in its ecohumanistic interpretation will allow a more multifaceted study and analysis of phenomena of culture, both in its history and in its current state, to obtain a more accurate interpretation of the ways of human existence and cultural practices that provide the effect of the state of an “ecosystem” in situations of any intensive socio-cultural transformations.